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fixes for $LINENO in multi-line simple commands; printf out-of-range values now cause a non-zero return status

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This commit is contained in:
Chet Ramey
2023-07-28 11:35:44 -04:00
parent 8418224f32
commit f6a78e24d8
24 changed files with 965 additions and 863 deletions
Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files
CWRU/CWRU.chlog
+42
View File
@@ -7255,3 +7255,45 @@ jobs.c
the SIGCONT succeeds or if the process has terminated so we can
clean it up later.
Report from Earl Chew <earl_chew@yahoo.com>
make_cmd.c
- make_simple_command,make_bare_simple_command: now take line number as
an argument; used instead of line_number to set the line associated
with the simple command
make_cmd.h
- make_simple_command,make_bare_simple_command: change prototype
parse.y,builtins/command.def,builtins.jobs.def
- make_simple_command,make_bare_simple_command: change callers
7/25
----
parse.y
- read_token_word: try to keep track of whether we are parsing the
first word of a simple command and set simplecmd_lineno if we
are. We start a simple command when we return ASSIGNMENT_WORD
or WORD in a command token position. This gives better values for
$LINENO in multi-line simple commands
- redirection: set simplecmd_lineno if it's -1, meaning this is a
simple command with a leading redirection or a null command with
only a redirection
- pass simplecmd_lineno to make_simple_command if we are starting a
simple command (the first ELEMENT)
- parse_comsub,xparse_dolparen: save and restore simplecmd_lineno
- simple_command,function_def production: reset simplecmd_lineno to -1
after parsing a simple command or a function declared as WORD()
7/26
----
doc/bash.1,doc/bashref.texi
- xpg_echo: add description of how this can be used to suppress echo
option interpretation
Inspired by report from Zachary Santer <zsanter@gmail.com>
7/27
----
builtins/printf.def
- printf_erange: make out-of-range errors conversion errors even if
the conversion function fully consumes the argument.
From a report by thomas@habets.se
builtins/command.def
+2 -1
View File
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ $END
#include "../shell.h"
#include "../execute_cmd.h"
#include "../flags.h"
#include "../parser.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
#include "common.h"
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@ command_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
/* We don't want this to be reparsed (consider command echo 'foo &'), so
just make a simple_command structure and call execute_command with it. */
command = make_bare_simple_command ();
command = make_bare_simple_command (line_number);
command->value.Simple->words = (WORD_LIST *)copy_word_list (list);
command->value.Simple->redirects = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
command->flags |= COMMAND_BUILTIN_FLAGS;
builtins/complete.def
+2
View File
@@ -724,6 +724,8 @@ compgen_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
old_quoting = rl_filename_quoting_desired;
old_suppress = rl_completion_suppress_append;
bashline_set_filename_hooks ();
/* probably don't have to save these, just being safe */
old_line = pcomp_line;
old_ind = pcomp_ind;
builtins/jobs.def
+2 -1
View File
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ $END
#include "../shell.h"
#include "../jobs.h"
#include "../execute_cmd.h"
#include "../parser.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"
#include "common.h"
@@ -200,7 +201,7 @@ execute_list_with_replacements (WORD_LIST *list)
/* Next make a new simple command and execute it. */
begin_unwind_frame ("jobs_builtin");
command = make_bare_simple_command ();
command = make_bare_simple_command (line_number);
command->value.Simple->words = copy_word_list (list);
command->value.Simple->redirects = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
command->flags |= CMD_INHIBIT_EXPANSION;
builtins/printf.def
+2 -1
View File
@@ -780,7 +780,8 @@ printf_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
static void
printf_erange (char *s)
{
builtin_error (_("warning: %s: %s"), s, strerror(ERANGE));
builtin_error (_("%s: %s"), s, strerror(ERANGE));
conversion_error = 1;
}
/* We duplicate a lot of what printf(3) does here. */
doc/bash.0
+244 -243
View File
@@ -5065,10 +5065,10 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
characters is enabled. The --EE option disables the interpreta-
tion of these escape characters, even on systems where they are
interpreted by default. The xxppgg__eecchhoo shell option may be used
to dynamically determine whether or not eecchhoo expands these es-
cape characters by default. eecchhoo does not interpret ---- to mean
the end of options. eecchhoo interprets the following escape se-
quences:
to dynamically determine whether or not eecchhoo interprets any op-
tions and expands these escape characters by default. eecchhoo does
not interpret ---- to mean the end of options. eecchhoo interprets
the following escape sequences:
\\aa alert (bell)
\\bb backspace
\\cc suppress further output
@@ -6248,32 +6248,33 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
xxppgg__eecchhoo
If set, the eecchhoo builtin expands backslash-escape se-
quences by default.
quences by default. If the ppoossiixx shell option is also
enabled, eecchhoo does not interpret any options.
ssuussppeenndd [--ff]
Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SSIIGGCCOONNTT
signal. A login shell, or a shell without job control enabled,
cannot be suspended; the --ff option can be used to override this
and force the suspension. The return status is 0 unless the
shell is a login shell or job control is not enabled and --ff is
Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SSIIGGCCOONNTT
signal. A login shell, or a shell without job control enabled,
cannot be suspended; the --ff option can be used to override this
and force the suspension. The return status is 0 unless the
shell is a login shell or job control is not enabled and --ff is
not supplied.
tteesstt _e_x_p_r
[[ _e_x_p_r ]]
Return a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on the evalu-
ation of the conditional expression _e_x_p_r. Each operator and op-
erand must be a separate argument. Expressions are composed of
the primaries described above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS.
tteesstt does not accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore
erand must be a separate argument. Expressions are composed of
the primaries described above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS.
tteesstt does not accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore
an argument of ---- as signifying the end of options.
Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation de-
pends on the number of arguments; see below. Operator prece-
Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation de-
pends on the number of arguments; see below. Operator prece-
dence is used when there are five or more arguments.
!! _e_x_p_r True if _e_x_p_r is false.
(( _e_x_p_r ))
Returns the value of _e_x_p_r. This may be used to override
Returns the value of _e_x_p_r. This may be used to override
the normal precedence of operators.
_e_x_p_r_1 -aa _e_x_p_r_2
True if both _e_x_p_r_1 and _e_x_p_r_2 are true.
@@ -6290,161 +6291,161 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
null.
2 arguments
If the first argument is !!, the expression is true if and
only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the expression is
only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the expression is
true if the unary test is true. If the first argument is
not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is
false.
3 arguments
The following conditions are applied in the order listed.
If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
operators listed above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the
result of the expression is the result of the binary test
using the first and third arguments as operands. The --aa
and --oo operators are considered binary operators when
there are three arguments. If the first argument is !!,
the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
using the first and third arguments as operands. The --aa
and --oo operators are considered binary operators when
there are three arguments. If the first argument is !!,
the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
the second and third arguments. If the first argument is
exactly (( and the third argument is exactly )), the result
is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
wise, the expression is false.
4 arguments
The following conditions are applied in the order listed.
If the first argument is !!, the result is the negation of
the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
arguments. the two-argument test using the second and
third arguments. If the first argument is exactly (( and
the fourth argument is exactly )), the result is the two-
argument test of the second and third arguments. Other-
the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
arguments. the two-argument test using the second and
third arguments. If the first argument is exactly (( and
the fourth argument is exactly )), the result is the two-
argument test of the second and third arguments. Other-
wise, the expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
5 or more arguments
The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
If the shell is not in _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, when used with tteesstt or [[, the
<< and >> operators sort lexicographically using ASCII ordering.
When the shell is in _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, these operators sort using the
<< and >> operators sort lexicographically using ASCII ordering.
When the shell is in _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, these operators sort using the
current locale.
ttiimmeess Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
ttiimmeess Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
for processes run from the shell. The return status is 0.
ttrraapp [--llpp] [[_a_c_t_i_o_n] _s_i_g_s_p_e_c ...]
The _a_c_t_i_o_n is a command that is read and executed when the shell
receives signal(s) _s_i_g_s_p_e_c. If _a_c_t_i_o_n is absent (and there is a
single _s_i_g_s_p_e_c) or --, each specified signal is reset to its
original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
shell). If _a_c_t_i_o_n is the null string the signal specified by
each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in-
single _s_i_g_s_p_e_c) or --, each specified signal is reset to its
original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
shell). If _a_c_t_i_o_n is the null string the signal specified by
each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in-
vokes.
If no arguments are supplied, ttrraapp displays the actions associ-
If no arguments are supplied, ttrraapp displays the actions associ-
ated with each trapped signal as a set of ttrraapp commands that can
be reused as shell input to restore the current signal disposi-
tions. If --pp is given, and _a_c_t_i_o_n is not present, then ttrraapp
displays the actions associated with each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c or, if none
be reused as shell input to restore the current signal disposi-
tions. If --pp is given, and _a_c_t_i_o_n is not present, then ttrraapp
displays the actions associated with each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c or, if none
are supplied, for all trapped signals, as a set of ttrraapp commands
that can be reused as shell input to restore the current signal
dispositions. The --PP option behaves similarly, but displays
only the actions associated with each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c argument. --PP re-
quires at least one _s_i_g_s_p_e_c argument. The --PP or --pp options to
ttrraapp may be used in a subshell environment (e.g., command sub-
stitution) and, as long as they are used before ttrraapp is used to
change a signal's handling, will display the state of its par-
that can be reused as shell input to restore the current signal
dispositions. The --PP option behaves similarly, but displays
only the actions associated with each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c argument. --PP re-
quires at least one _s_i_g_s_p_e_c argument. The --PP or --pp options to
ttrraapp may be used in a subshell environment (e.g., command sub-
stitution) and, as long as they are used before ttrraapp is used to
change a signal's handling, will display the state of its par-
ent's traps.
The --ll option causes ttrraapp to print a list of signal names and
their corresponding numbers. Each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is either a signal
name defined in <_s_i_g_n_a_l_._h>, or a signal number. Signal names
The --ll option causes ttrraapp to print a list of signal names and
their corresponding numbers. Each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is either a signal
name defined in <_s_i_g_n_a_l_._h>, or a signal number. Signal names
are case insensitive and the SSIIGG prefix is optional.
If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EEXXIITT (0) the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is executed on exit
from the shell. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is DDEEBBUUGG, the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is
If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EEXXIITT (0) the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is executed on exit
from the shell. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is DDEEBBUUGG, the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is
executed before every _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, _f_o_r command, _c_a_s_e command,
_s_e_l_e_c_t command, (( arithmetic command, [[ conditional command,
_s_e_l_e_c_t command, (( arithmetic command, [[ conditional command,
arithmetic _f_o_r command, and before the first command executes in
a shell function (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR above). Refer to the de-
scription of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the sshhoopptt builtin for de-
tails of its effect on the DDEEBBUUGG trap. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is RREETTUURRNN,
the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is executed each time a shell function or a
script executed with the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins finishes execut-
a shell function (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR above). Refer to the de-
scription of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the sshhoopptt builtin for de-
tails of its effect on the DDEEBBUUGG trap. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is RREETTUURRNN,
the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is executed each time a shell function or a
script executed with the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins finishes execut-
ing.
If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EERRRR, the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is executed whenever a
If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EERRRR, the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is executed whenever a
pipeline (which may consist of a single simple command), a list,
or a compound command returns a non-zero exit status, subject to
the following conditions. The EERRRR trap is not executed if the
the following conditions. The EERRRR trap is not executed if the
failed command is part of the command list immediately following
a wwhhiillee or uunnttiill keyword, part of the test in an _i_f statement,
a wwhhiillee or uunnttiill keyword, part of the test in an _i_f statement,
part of a command executed in a &&&& or |||| list except the command
following the final &&&& or ||||, any command in a pipeline but the
last, or if the command's return value is being inverted using
following the final &&&& or ||||, any command in a pipeline but the
last, or if the command's return value is being inverted using
!!. These are the same conditions obeyed by the eerrrreexxiitt (--ee) op-
tion.
When the shell is not interactive, signals ignored upon entry to
the shell cannot be trapped or reset. Interactive shells permit
trapping signals ignored on entry. Trapped signals that are not
being ignored are reset to their original values in a subshell
or subshell environment when one is created. The return status
being ignored are reset to their original values in a subshell
or subshell environment when one is created. The return status
is false if any _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is invalid; otherwise ttrraapp returns true.
ttrruuee Does nothing, returns a 0 status.
ttyyppee [--aaffttppPP] _n_a_m_e [_n_a_m_e ...]
With no options, indicate how each _n_a_m_e would be interpreted if
With no options, indicate how each _n_a_m_e would be interpreted if
used as a command name. If the --tt option is used, ttyyppee prints a
string which is one of _a_l_i_a_s, _k_e_y_w_o_r_d, _f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n, _b_u_i_l_t_i_n, or
_f_i_l_e if _n_a_m_e is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
builtin, or executable disk file, respectively. If the _n_a_m_e is
not found, then nothing is printed, and ttyyppee returns a non-zero
exit status. If the --pp option is used, ttyyppee either returns the
name of the executable file that would be found by searching
$$PPAATTHH if _n_a_m_e were specified as a command name, or nothing if
``type -t name'' would not return _f_i_l_e. The --PP option forces a
PPAATTHH search for each _n_a_m_e, even if ``type -t name'' would not
string which is one of _a_l_i_a_s, _k_e_y_w_o_r_d, _f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n, _b_u_i_l_t_i_n, or
_f_i_l_e if _n_a_m_e is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
builtin, or executable disk file, respectively. If the _n_a_m_e is
not found, then nothing is printed, and ttyyppee returns a non-zero
exit status. If the --pp option is used, ttyyppee either returns the
name of the executable file that would be found by searching
$$PPAATTHH if _n_a_m_e were specified as a command name, or nothing if
``type -t name'' would not return _f_i_l_e. The --PP option forces a
PPAATTHH search for each _n_a_m_e, even if ``type -t name'' would not
return _f_i_l_e. If a command is hashed, --pp and --PP print the hashed
value, which is not necessarily the file that appears first in
PPAATTHH. If the --aa option is used, ttyyppee prints all of the places
that contain a command named _n_a_m_e. This includes aliases, re-
served words, functions, and builtins, but the path search op-
value, which is not necessarily the file that appears first in
PPAATTHH. If the --aa option is used, ttyyppee prints all of the places
that contain a command named _n_a_m_e. This includes aliases, re-
served words, functions, and builtins, but the path search op-
tions (--pp and --PP) can be supplied to restrict the output to exe-
cutable files. ttyyppee does not consult the table of hashed com-
cutable files. ttyyppee does not consult the table of hashed com-
mands when using --aa with --pp, and only performs a PPAATTHH search for
_n_a_m_e. The --ff option suppresses shell function lookup, as with
the ccoommmmaanndd builtin. ttyyppee returns true if all of the arguments
_n_a_m_e. The --ff option suppresses shell function lookup, as with
the ccoommmmaanndd builtin. ttyyppee returns true if all of the arguments
are found, false if any are not found.
uulliimmiitt [--HHSS] --aa
uulliimmiitt [--HHSS] [--bbccddeeffiikkllmmnnppqqrrssttuuvvxxPPRRTT [_l_i_m_i_t]]
Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
The --HH and --SS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set
for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
to the value of the hard limit. If neither --HH nor --SS is speci-
for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
to the value of the hard limit. If neither --HH nor --SS is speci-
fied, both the soft and hard limits are set. The value of _l_i_m_i_t
can be a number in the unit specified for the resource or one of
the special values hhaarrdd, ssoofftt, or uunnlliimmiitteedd, which stand for the
current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit, re-
spectively. If _l_i_m_i_t is omitted, the current value of the soft
current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit, re-
spectively. If _l_i_m_i_t is omitted, the current value of the soft
limit of the resource is printed, unless the --HH option is given.
When more than one resource is specified, the limit name and
unit, if appropriate, are printed before the value. Other op-
When more than one resource is specified, the limit name and
unit, if appropriate, are printed before the value. Other op-
tions are interpreted as follows:
--aa All current limits are reported; no limits are set
--bb The maximum socket buffer size
--cc The maximum size of core files created
--dd The maximum size of a process's data segment
--ee The maximum scheduling priority ("nice")
--ff The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
--ff The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
children
--ii The maximum number of pending signals
--kk The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated
--ll The maximum size that may be locked into memory
--mm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor
--mm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor
this limit)
--nn The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems
do not allow this value to be set)
@@ -6453,134 +6454,134 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
--rr The maximum real-time scheduling priority
--ss The maximum stack size
--tt The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds
--uu The maximum number of processes available to a single
--uu The maximum number of processes available to a single
user
--vv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
--vv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
shell and, on some systems, to its children
--xx The maximum number of file locks
--PP The maximum number of pseudoterminals
--RR The maximum time a real-time process can run before
--RR The maximum time a real-time process can run before
blocking, in microseconds
--TT The maximum number of threads
If _l_i_m_i_t is given, and the --aa option is not used, _l_i_m_i_t is the
new value of the specified resource. If no option is given,
then --ff is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except
for --tt, which is in seconds; --RR, which is in microseconds; --pp,
which is in units of 512-byte blocks; --PP, --TT, --bb, --kk, --nn, and
--uu, which are unscaled values; and, when in posix mode, --cc and
--ff, which are in 512-byte increments. The return status is 0
unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error
If _l_i_m_i_t is given, and the --aa option is not used, _l_i_m_i_t is the
new value of the specified resource. If no option is given,
then --ff is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except
for --tt, which is in seconds; --RR, which is in microseconds; --pp,
which is in units of 512-byte blocks; --PP, --TT, --bb, --kk, --nn, and
--uu, which are unscaled values; and, when in posix mode, --cc and
--ff, which are in 512-byte increments. The return status is 0
unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error
occurs while setting a new limit.
uummaasskk [--pp] [--SS] [_m_o_d_e]
The user file-creation mask is set to _m_o_d_e. If _m_o_d_e begins with
a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
_c_h_m_o_d(1). If _m_o_d_e is omitted, the current value of the mask is
printed. The --SS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the --pp
a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
_c_h_m_o_d(1). If _m_o_d_e is omitted, the current value of the mask is
printed. The --SS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the --pp
option is supplied, and _m_o_d_e is omitted, the output is in a form
that may be reused as input. The return status is 0 if the mode
was successfully changed or if no _m_o_d_e argument was supplied,
was successfully changed or if no _m_o_d_e argument was supplied,
and false otherwise.
uunnaalliiaass [-aa] [_n_a_m_e ...]
Remove each _n_a_m_e from the list of defined aliases. If --aa is
supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
Remove each _n_a_m_e from the list of defined aliases. If --aa is
supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
is true unless a supplied _n_a_m_e is not a defined alias.
uunnsseett [-ffvv] [-nn] [_n_a_m_e ...]
For each _n_a_m_e, remove the corresponding variable or function.
For each _n_a_m_e, remove the corresponding variable or function.
If the --vv option is given, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell variable,
and that variable is removed. Read-only variables may not be
unset. If --ff is specified, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell func-
tion, and the function definition is removed. If the --nn option
is supplied, and _n_a_m_e is a variable with the _n_a_m_e_r_e_f attribute,
_n_a_m_e will be unset rather than the variable it references. --nn
has no effect if the --ff option is supplied. If no options are
supplied, each _n_a_m_e refers to a variable; if there is no vari-
able by that name, a function with that name, if any, is unset.
Each unset variable or function is removed from the environment
passed to subsequent commands. If any of BBAASSHH__AALLIIAASSEESS,
and that variable is removed. Read-only variables may not be
unset. If --ff is specified, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell func-
tion, and the function definition is removed. If the --nn option
is supplied, and _n_a_m_e is a variable with the _n_a_m_e_r_e_f attribute,
_n_a_m_e will be unset rather than the variable it references. --nn
has no effect if the --ff option is supplied. If no options are
supplied, each _n_a_m_e refers to a variable; if there is no vari-
able by that name, a function with that name, if any, is unset.
Each unset variable or function is removed from the environment
passed to subsequent commands. If any of BBAASSHH__AALLIIAASSEESS,
BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV00, BBAASSHH__CCMMDDSS, BBAASSHH__CCOOMMMMAANNDD, BBAASSHH__SSUUBBSSHHEELLLL, BBAASSHHPPIIDD,
CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS, DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK, EEPPOOCCHHRREEAALLTTIIMMEE, EEPPOOCCHHSSEECCOONNDDSS, FFUUNNCC--
NNAAMMEE, GGRROOUUPPSS, HHIISSTTCCMMDD, LLIINNEENNOO, RRAANNDDOOMM, SSEECCOONNDDSS, or SSRRAANNDDOOMM are
CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS, DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK, EEPPOOCCHHRREEAALLTTIIMMEE, EEPPOOCCHHSSEECCOONNDDSS, FFUUNNCC--
NNAAMMEE, GGRROOUUPPSS, HHIISSTTCCMMDD, LLIINNEENNOO, RRAANNDDOOMM, SSEECCOONNDDSS, or SSRRAANNDDOOMM are
unset, they lose their special properties, even if they are sub-
sequently reset. The exit status is true unless a _n_a_m_e is read-
only or may not be unset.
wwaaiitt [--ffnn] [--pp _v_a_r_n_a_m_e] [_i_d _._._.]
Wait for each specified child process and return its termination
status. Each _i_d may be a process ID or a job specification; if
a job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are
waited for. If _i_d is not given, wwaaiitt waits for all running
background jobs and the last-executed process substitution, if
status. Each _i_d may be a process ID or a job specification; if
a job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are
waited for. If _i_d is not given, wwaaiitt waits for all running
background jobs and the last-executed process substitution, if
its process id is the same as $$!!, and the return status is zero.
If the --nn option is supplied, wwaaiitt waits for a single job from
If the --nn option is supplied, wwaaiitt waits for a single job from
the list of _i_ds or, if no _i_ds are supplied, any job, to complete
and returns its exit status. If none of the supplied arguments
and returns its exit status. If none of the supplied arguments
is a child of the shell, or if no arguments are supplied and the
shell has no unwaited-for children, the exit status is 127. If
the --pp option is supplied, the process or job identifier of the
job for which the exit status is returned is assigned to the
variable _v_a_r_n_a_m_e named by the option argument. The variable
will be unset initially, before any assignment. This is useful
only when the --nn option is supplied. Supplying the --ff option,
when job control is enabled, forces wwaaiitt to wait for _i_d to ter-
shell has no unwaited-for children, the exit status is 127. If
the --pp option is supplied, the process or job identifier of the
job for which the exit status is returned is assigned to the
variable _v_a_r_n_a_m_e named by the option argument. The variable
will be unset initially, before any assignment. This is useful
only when the --nn option is supplied. Supplying the --ff option,
when job control is enabled, forces wwaaiitt to wait for _i_d to ter-
minate before returning its status, instead of returning when it
changes status. If _i_d specifies a non-existent process or job,
the return status is 127. If wwaaiitt is interrupted by a signal,
the return status will be greater than 128, as described under
SSIIGGNNAALLSS above. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status
changes status. If _i_d specifies a non-existent process or job,
the return status is 127. If wwaaiitt is interrupted by a signal,
the return status will be greater than 128, as described under
SSIIGGNNAALLSS above. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status
of the last process or job waited for.
SSHHEELLLL CCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY MMOODDEE
Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a _s_h_e_l_l _c_o_m_p_a_t_i_b_i_l_i_t_y _l_e_v_e_l, speci-
fied as a set of options to the shopt builtin ( ccoommppaatt3311, ccoommppaatt3322,
ccoommppaatt4400, ccoommppaatt4411, and so on). There is only one current compatibil-
ity level -- each option is mutually exclusive. The compatibility
level is intended to allow users to select behavior from previous ver-
sions that is incompatible with newer versions while they migrate
scripts to use current features and behavior. It's intended to be a
Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a _s_h_e_l_l _c_o_m_p_a_t_i_b_i_l_i_t_y _l_e_v_e_l, speci-
fied as a set of options to the shopt builtin ( ccoommppaatt3311, ccoommppaatt3322,
ccoommppaatt4400, ccoommppaatt4411, and so on). There is only one current compatibil-
ity level -- each option is mutually exclusive. The compatibility
level is intended to allow users to select behavior from previous ver-
sions that is incompatible with newer versions while they migrate
scripts to use current features and behavior. It's intended to be a
temporary solution.
This section does not mention behavior that is standard for a particu-
lar version (e.g., setting ccoommppaatt3322 means that quoting the rhs of the
regexp matching operator quotes special regexp characters in the word,
This section does not mention behavior that is standard for a particu-
lar version (e.g., setting ccoommppaatt3322 means that quoting the rhs of the
regexp matching operator quotes special regexp characters in the word,
which is default behavior in bash-3.2 and subsequent versions).
If a user enables, say, ccoommppaatt3322, it may affect the behavior of other
compatibility levels up to and including the current compatibility
level. The idea is that each compatibility level controls behavior
that changed in that version of bbaasshh, but that behavior may have been
present in earlier versions. For instance, the change to use locale-
based comparisons with the [[[[ command came in bash-4.1, and earlier
If a user enables, say, ccoommppaatt3322, it may affect the behavior of other
compatibility levels up to and including the current compatibility
level. The idea is that each compatibility level controls behavior
that changed in that version of bbaasshh, but that behavior may have been
present in earlier versions. For instance, the change to use locale-
based comparisons with the [[[[ command came in bash-4.1, and earlier
versions used ASCII-based comparisons, so enabling ccoommppaatt3322 will enable
ASCII-based comparisons as well. That granularity may not be suffi-
cient for all uses, and as a result users should employ compatibility
levels carefully. Read the documentation for a particular feature to
ASCII-based comparisons as well. That granularity may not be suffi-
cient for all uses, and as a result users should employ compatibility
levels carefully. Read the documentation for a particular feature to
find out the current behavior.
Bash-4.3 introduced a new shell variable: BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT. The value as-
Bash-4.3 introduced a new shell variable: BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT. The value as-
signed to this variable (a decimal version number like 4.2, or an inte-
ger corresponding to the ccoommppaatt_N_N option, like 42) determines the com-
ger corresponding to the ccoommppaatt_N_N option, like 42) determines the com-
patibility level.
Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has begun deprecating older compatibility
levels. Eventually, the options will be removed in favor of BBAASSHH__CCOOMM--
Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has begun deprecating older compatibility
levels. Eventually, the options will be removed in favor of BBAASSHH__CCOOMM--
PPAATT.
Bash-5.0 is the final version for which there will be an individual
shopt option for the previous version. Users should use BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT on
Bash-5.0 is the final version for which there will be an individual
shopt option for the previous version. Users should use BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT on
bash-5.0 and later versions.
The following table describes the behavior changes controlled by each
The following table describes the behavior changes controlled by each
compatibility level setting. The ccoommppaatt_N_N tag is used as shorthand for
setting the compatibility level to _N_N using one of the following mecha-
nisms. For versions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility level may be
set using the corresponding ccoommppaatt_N_N shopt option. For bash-4.3 and
later versions, the BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT variable is preferred, and it is re-
nisms. For versions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility level may be
set using the corresponding ccoommppaatt_N_N shopt option. For bash-4.3 and
later versions, the BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT variable is preferred, and it is re-
quired for bash-5.1 and later versions.
ccoommppaatt3311
@@ -6588,114 +6589,114 @@ SSHHEELLLL CCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY MMOODDEE
ator (=~) has no special effect
ccoommppaatt3322
+o interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes
the execution of the next command in the list (in
bash-4.0 and later versions, the shell acts as if it re-
ceived the interrupt, so interrupting one command in a
+o interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes
the execution of the next command in the list (in
bash-4.0 and later versions, the shell acts as if it re-
ceived the interrupt, so interrupting one command in a
list aborts the execution of the entire list)
ccoommppaatt4400
+o the << and >> operators to the [[[[ command do not consider
+o the << and >> operators to the [[[[ command do not consider
the current locale when comparing strings; they use ASCII
ordering. Bash versions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII col-
lation and _s_t_r_c_m_p(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current
lation and _s_t_r_c_m_p(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current
locale's collation sequence and _s_t_r_c_o_l_l(3).
ccoommppaatt4411
+o in _p_o_s_i_x mode, ttiimmee may be followed by options and still
+o in _p_o_s_i_x mode, ttiimmee may be followed by options and still
be recognized as a reserved word (this is POSIX interpre-
tation 267)
+o in _p_o_s_i_x mode, the parser requires that an even number of
single quotes occur in the _w_o_r_d portion of a double-
quoted parameter expansion and treats them specially, so
that characters within the single quotes are considered
single quotes occur in the _w_o_r_d portion of a double-
quoted parameter expansion and treats them specially, so
that characters within the single quotes are considered
quoted (this is POSIX interpretation 221)
ccoommppaatt4422
+o the replacement string in double-quoted pattern substitu-
tion does not undergo quote removal, as it does in ver-
tion does not undergo quote removal, as it does in ver-
sions after bash-4.2
+o in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when
expanding the _w_o_r_d portion of a double-quoted parameter
expansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or
other special character (this is part of POSIX interpre-
tation 221); in later versions, single quotes are not
+o in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when
expanding the _w_o_r_d portion of a double-quoted parameter
expansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or
other special character (this is part of POSIX interpre-
tation 221); in later versions, single quotes are not
special within double-quoted word expansions
ccoommppaatt4433
+o the shell does not print a warning message if an attempt
is made to use a quoted compound assignment as an argu-
ment to declare (e.g., declare -a foo='(1 2)'). Later
+o the shell does not print a warning message if an attempt
is made to use a quoted compound assignment as an argu-
ment to declare (e.g., declare -a foo='(1 2)'). Later
versions warn that this usage is deprecated
+o word expansion errors are considered non-fatal errors
that cause the current command to fail, even in posix
mode (the default behavior is to make them fatal errors
+o word expansion errors are considered non-fatal errors
that cause the current command to fail, even in posix
mode (the default behavior is to make them fatal errors
that cause the shell to exit)
+o when executing a shell function, the loop state
+o when executing a shell function, the loop state
(while/until/etc.) is not reset, so bbrreeaakk or ccoonnttiinnuuee in
that function will break or continue loops in the calling
context. Bash-4.4 and later reset the loop state to pre-
context. Bash-4.4 and later reset the loop state to pre-
vent this
ccoommppaatt4444
+o the shell sets up the values used by BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV and
BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC so they can expand to the shell's positional
+o the shell sets up the values used by BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV and
BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC so they can expand to the shell's positional
parameters even if extended debugging mode is not enabled
+o a subshell inherits loops from its parent context, so
bbrreeaakk or ccoonnttiinnuuee will cause the subshell to exit.
Bash-5.0 and later reset the loop state to prevent the
+o a subshell inherits loops from its parent context, so
bbrreeaakk or ccoonnttiinnuuee will cause the subshell to exit.
Bash-5.0 and later reset the loop state to prevent the
exit
+o variable assignments preceding builtins like eexxppoorrtt and
+o variable assignments preceding builtins like eexxppoorrtt and
rreeaaddoonnllyy that set attributes continue to affect variables
with the same name in the calling environment even if the
shell is not in posix mode
ccoommppaatt5500
+o Bash-5.1 changed the way $$RRAANNDDOOMM is generated to intro-
+o Bash-5.1 changed the way $$RRAANNDDOOMM is generated to intro-
duce slightly more randomness. If the shell compatibility
level is set to 50 or lower, it reverts to the method
from bash-5.0 and previous versions, so seeding the ran-
dom number generator by assigning a value to RRAANNDDOOMM will
level is set to 50 or lower, it reverts to the method
from bash-5.0 and previous versions, so seeding the ran-
dom number generator by assigning a value to RRAANNDDOOMM will
produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0
+o If the command hash table is empty, bash versions prior
to bash-5.1 printed an informational message to that ef-
fect, even when producing output that can be reused as
input. Bash-5.1 suppresses that message when the --ll op-
+o If the command hash table is empty, bash versions prior
to bash-5.1 printed an informational message to that ef-
fect, even when producing output that can be reused as
input. Bash-5.1 suppresses that message when the --ll op-
tion is supplied.
ccoommppaatt5511
+o The uunnsseett builtin treats attempts to unset array sub-
scripts @@ and ** differently depending on whether the ar-
ray is indexed or associative, and differently than in
+o The uunnsseett builtin treats attempts to unset array sub-
scripts @@ and ** differently depending on whether the ar-
ray is indexed or associative, and differently than in
previous versions.
RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL
If bbaasshh is started with the name rrbbaasshh, or the --rr option is supplied at
invocation, the shell becomes restricted. A restricted shell is used
to set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell. It
behaves identically to bbaasshh with the exception that the following are
invocation, the shell becomes restricted. A restricted shell is used
to set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell. It
behaves identically to bbaasshh with the exception that the following are
disallowed or not performed:
+o changing directories with ccdd
+o setting or unsetting the values of SSHHEELLLL, PPAATTHH, HHIISSTTFFIILLEE, EENNVV,
+o setting or unsetting the values of SSHHEELLLL, PPAATTHH, HHIISSTTFFIILLEE, EENNVV,
or BBAASSHH__EENNVV
+o specifying command names containing //
+o specifying a filename containing a // as an argument to the ..
+o specifying a filename containing a // as an argument to the ..
builtin command
+o specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the
+o specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the
hhiissttoorryy builtin command
+o specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the
+o specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the
--pp option to the hhaasshh builtin command
+o importing function definitions from the shell environment at
+o importing function definitions from the shell environment at
startup
+o parsing the value of SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS from the shell environment at
+o parsing the value of SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS from the shell environment at
startup
+o redirecting output using the >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirect-
@@ -6704,28 +6705,28 @@ RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL
+o using the eexxeecc builtin command to replace the shell with another
command
+o adding or deleting builtin commands with the --ff and --dd options
+o adding or deleting builtin commands with the --ff and --dd options
to the eennaabbllee builtin command
+o using the eennaabbllee builtin command to enable disabled shell
+o using the eennaabbllee builtin command to enable disabled shell
builtins
+o specifying the --pp option to the ccoommmmaanndd builtin command
+o turning off restricted mode with sseett ++rr or sshhoopptt --uu rree--
+o turning off restricted mode with sseett ++rr or sshhoopptt --uu rree--
ssttrriicctteedd__sshheellll.
These restrictions are enforced after any startup files are read.
When a command that is found to be a shell script is executed (see CCOOMM--
MMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN above), rrbbaasshh turns off any restrictions in the shell
MMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN above), rrbbaasshh turns off any restrictions in the shell
spawned to execute the script.
SSEEEE AALLSSOO
_B_a_s_h _R_e_f_e_r_e_n_c_e _M_a_n_u_a_l, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
_T_h_e _G_n_u _R_e_a_d_l_i_n_e _L_i_b_r_a_r_y, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
_T_h_e _G_n_u _H_i_s_t_o_r_y _L_i_b_r_a_r_y, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
_P_o_r_t_a_b_l_e _O_p_e_r_a_t_i_n_g _S_y_s_t_e_m _I_n_t_e_r_f_a_c_e _(_P_O_S_I_X_) _P_a_r_t _2_: _S_h_e_l_l _a_n_d _U_t_i_l_i_-
_P_o_r_t_a_b_l_e _O_p_e_r_a_t_i_n_g _S_y_s_t_e_m _I_n_t_e_r_f_a_c_e _(_P_O_S_I_X_) _P_a_r_t _2_: _S_h_e_l_l _a_n_d _U_t_i_l_i_-
_t_i_e_s, IEEE --
http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/
http://tiswww.case.edu/~chet/bash/POSIX -- a description of posix mode
@@ -6743,10 +6744,10 @@ FFIILLEESS
_~_/_._b_a_s_h_r_c
The individual per-interactive-shell startup file
_~_/_._b_a_s_h___l_o_g_o_u_t
The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login
The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login
shell exits
_~_/_._b_a_s_h___h_i_s_t_o_r_y
The default value of HHIISSTTFFIILLEE, the file in which bash saves the
The default value of HHIISSTTFFIILLEE, the file in which bash saves the
command history
_~_/_._i_n_p_u_t_r_c
Individual _r_e_a_d_l_i_n_e initialization file
@@ -6760,15 +6761,15 @@ AAUUTTHHOORRSS
BBUUGG RREEPPOORRTTSS
If you find a bug in bbaasshh,, you should report it. But first, you should
make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest
version of bbaasshh. The latest version is always available from
make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest
version of bbaasshh. The latest version is always available from
_f_t_p_:_/_/_f_t_p_._g_n_u_._o_r_g_/_p_u_b_/_g_n_u_/_b_a_s_h_/ and _h_t_t_p_:_/_/_g_i_t_._s_a_v_a_n_-
_n_a_h_._g_n_u_._o_r_g_/_c_g_i_t_/_b_a_s_h_._g_i_t_/_s_n_a_p_s_h_o_t_/_b_a_s_h_-_m_a_s_t_e_r_._t_a_r_._g_z.
Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the _b_a_s_h_b_u_g
command to submit a bug report. If you have a fix, you are encouraged
to mail that as well! Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may
be mailed to _b_u_g_-_b_a_s_h_@_g_n_u_._o_r_g or posted to the Usenet newsgroup
Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the _b_a_s_h_b_u_g
command to submit a bug report. If you have a fix, you are encouraged
to mail that as well! Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may
be mailed to _b_u_g_-_b_a_s_h_@_g_n_u_._o_r_g or posted to the Usenet newsgroup
ggnnuu..bbaasshh..bbuugg.
ALL bug reports should include:
@@ -6779,7 +6780,7 @@ BBUUGG RREEPPOORRTTSS
A description of the bug behaviour
A short script or `recipe' which exercises the bug
_b_a_s_h_b_u_g inserts the first three items automatically into the template
_b_a_s_h_b_u_g inserts the first three items automatically into the template
it provides for filing a bug report.
Comments and bug reports concerning this manual page should be directed
@@ -6796,10 +6797,10 @@ BBUUGGSS
Shell builtin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.
Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' are not
handled gracefully when process suspension is attempted. When a
process is stopped, the shell immediately executes the next command in
the sequence. It suffices to place the sequence of commands between
parentheses to force it into a subshell, which may be stopped as a
handled gracefully when process suspension is attempted. When a
process is stopped, the shell immediately executes the next command in
the sequence. It suffices to place the sequence of commands between
parentheses to force it into a subshell, which may be stopped as a
unit.
Array variables may not (yet) be exported.
@@ -6808,4 +6809,4 @@ BBUUGGSS
GNU Bash 5.3 2023 July 19 BASH(1)
GNU Bash 5.3 2023 July 26 BASH(1)
doc/bash.1
+68 -63
View File
@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@
.\" Case Western Reserve University
.\" chet.ramey@case.edu
.\"
.\" Last Change: Wed Jul 19 14:23:20 EDT 2023
.\" Last Change: Wed Jul 26 09:57:28 EDT 2023
.\"
.\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
.\" avoid a warning about an undefined register
.if !rzY .nr zY 0
.if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
.if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
.TH BASH 1 "2023 July 19" "GNU Bash 5.3"
.TH BASH 1 "2023 July 26" "GNU Bash 5.3"
.\"
.\" There's some problem with having a `@'
.\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
@@ -188,7 +190,7 @@ Display a usage message on standard output and exit successfully.
Execute commands from
.I file
instead of the standard personal initialization file
.I ~/.bashrc
.I \(ti/.bashrc
if the shell is interactive (see
.SM
.B INVOCATION
@@ -206,10 +208,10 @@ library to read command lines when the shell is interactive.
Do not read either the system-wide startup file
.FN /etc/profile
or any of the personal initialization files
.IR ~/.bash_profile ,
.IR ~/.bash_login ,
.IR \(ti/.bash_profile ,
.IR \(ti/.bash_login ,
or
.IR ~/.profile .
.IR \(ti/.profile .
By default,
.B bash
reads these files when it is invoked as a login shell (see
@@ -219,7 +221,7 @@ below).
.TP
.B \-\-norc
Do not read and execute the personal initialization file
.I ~/.bashrc
.I \(ti/.bashrc
if the shell is interactive.
This option is on by default if the shell is invoked as
.BR sh .
@@ -318,8 +320,8 @@ is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a non-interactive shell
with the \fB\-\-login\fP option, it first reads and
executes commands from the file \fI/etc/profile\fP, if that
file exists.
After reading that file, it looks for \fI~/.bash_profile\fP,
\fI~/.bash_login\fP, and \fI~/.profile\fP, in that order, and reads
After reading that file, it looks for \fI\(ti/.bash_profile\fP,
\fI\(ti/.bash_login\fP, and \fI\(ti/.profile\fP, in that order, and reads
and executes commands from the first one that exists and is readable.
The
.B \-\-noprofile
@@ -328,18 +330,18 @@ option may be used when the shell is started to inhibit this behavior.
When an interactive login shell exits,
or a non-interactive login shell executes the \fBexit\fP builtin command,
.B bash
reads and executes commands from the file \fI~/.bash_logout\fP, if it
reads and executes commands from the file \fI\(ti/.bash_logout\fP, if it
exists.
.PP
When an interactive shell that is not a login shell is started,
.B bash
reads and executes commands from \fI~/.bashrc\fP, if that file exists.
reads and executes commands from \fI\(ti/.bashrc\fP, if that file exists.
This may be inhibited by using the
.B \-\-norc
option.
The \fB\-\-rcfile\fP \fIfile\fP option will force
.B bash
to read and execute commands from \fIfile\fP instead of \fI~/.bashrc\fP.
to read and execute commands from \fIfile\fP instead of \fI\(ti/.bashrc\fP.
.PP
When
.B bash
@@ -375,7 +377,7 @@ shell with the \fB\-\-login\fP option, it first attempts to
read and execute commands from
.I /etc/profile
and
.IR ~/.profile ,
.IR \(ti/.profile ,
in that order.
The
.B \-\-noprofile
@@ -426,7 +428,7 @@ or the secure shell daemon \fIsshd\fP.
If
.B bash
determines it is being run non-interactively in this fashion,
it reads and executes commands from \fI~/.bashrc\fP,
it reads and executes commands from \fI\(ti/.bashrc\fP,
if that file exists and is readable.
It will not do this if invoked as \fBsh\fP.
The
@@ -745,7 +747,7 @@ Any part of the pattern may be quoted to force the quoted portion
to be matched as a string.
.if t .sp 0.5
.if n .sp 1
An additional binary operator, \fB=~\fP, is available, with the same
An additional binary operator, \fB=\(ti\fP, is available, with the same
precedence as \fB==\fP and \fB!=\fP.
When it is used, the string to the right of the operator is considered
a POSIX extended regular expression and matched accordingly
@@ -770,7 +772,7 @@ between brackets.
.if t .sp 0.5
.if n .sp 1
The pattern will match if it matches any part of the string.
Anchor the pattern using the \fB^\fP and \fB$\fP regular expression
Anchor the pattern using the \fB\(ha\fP and \fB$\fP regular expression
operators to force it to match the entire string.
The array variable
.SM
@@ -1662,7 +1664,7 @@ dynamically loadable builtins specified by the
command.
.TP
.B BASH_REMATCH
An array variable whose members are assigned by the \fB=~\fP binary
An array variable whose members are assigned by the \fB=\(ti\fP binary
operator to the \fB[[\fP conditional command.
The element with index 0 is the portion of the string
matching the entire regular expression.
@@ -2151,7 +2153,7 @@ The current version is also a valid value.
If this parameter is set when \fBbash\fP is executing a shell script,
its value is interpreted as a filename containing commands to
initialize the shell, as in
.IR ~/.bashrc .
.IR \(ti/.bashrc .
The value of
.SM
.B BASH_ENV
@@ -2192,8 +2194,8 @@ for destination directories specified by the
.B cd
command.
A sample value is
.if t \f(CW".:~:/usr"\fP.
.if n ".:~:/usr".
.if t \f(CW".:\(ti:/usr"\fP.
.if n ".:\(ti:/usr".
.TP
.B CHILD_MAX
Set the number of exited child status values for the shell to remember.
@@ -2263,8 +2265,8 @@ A filename whose suffix matches one of the entries in
.B FIGNORE
is excluded from the list of matched filenames.
A sample value is
.if t \f(CW".o:~"\fP.
.if n ".o:~".
.if t \f(CW".o:\(ti"\fP.
.if n ".o:\(ti".
.TP
.B FUNCNEST
If set to a numeric value greater than 0, defines a maximum function
@@ -2344,7 +2346,7 @@ not tested, and are added to the history regardless of the value of
The name of the file in which command history is saved (see
.SM
.B HISTORY
below). The default value is \fI~/.bash_history\fP. If unset, the
below). The default value is \fI\(ti/.bash_history\fP. If unset, the
command history is not saved when a shell exits.
.TP
.B HISTFILESIZE
@@ -2457,7 +2459,7 @@ signifies the end of input to the shell.
The filename for the
.B readline
startup file, overriding the default of
.FN ~/.inputrc
.FN \(ti/.inputrc
(see
.SM
.B READLINE
@@ -2537,7 +2539,7 @@ the current mailfile.
Example:
.RS
.PP
\fBMAILPATH\fP=\(aq/var/mail/bfox?"You have mail":~/shell\-mail?"$_ has mail!"\(aq
\fBMAILPATH\fP=\(aq/var/mail/bfox?"You have mail":\(ti/shell\-mail?"$_ has mail!"\(aq
.PP
.B Bash
can be configured to supply
@@ -2765,7 +2767,7 @@ expansion, normally `\fB!\fP'.
The second character is the \fIquick substitution\fP
character, which is used as shorthand for re-running the previous
command entered, substituting one string for another in the command.
The default is `\fB^\fP'.
The default is `\fB\(ha\fP'.
The optional third character is the character
which indicates that the remainder of the line is a comment when found
as the first character of a word, normally `\fB#\fP'. The history
@@ -3086,7 +3088,7 @@ command (see
.B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
below).
.SS Tilde Expansion
If a word begins with an unquoted tilde character (`\fB~\fP'), all of
If a word begins with an unquoted tilde character (`\fB\(ti\fP'), all of
the characters preceding the first unquoted slash (or all characters,
if there is no unquoted slash) are considered a \fItilde-prefix\fP.
If none of the characters in the tilde-prefix are quoted, the
@@ -3104,11 +3106,11 @@ substituted instead.
Otherwise, the tilde-prefix is replaced with the home directory
associated with the specified login name.
.PP
If the tilde-prefix is a `~+', the value of the shell variable
If the tilde-prefix is a `\(ti+', the value of the shell variable
.SM
.B PWD
replaces the tilde-prefix.
If the tilde-prefix is a `~\-', the value of the shell variable
If the tilde-prefix is a `\(ti\-', the value of the shell variable
.SM
.BR OLDPWD ,
if it is set, is substituted.
@@ -3497,10 +3499,10 @@ or
the substitution operation is applied to each member of the
array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
.TP
${\fIparameter\fP\fB^\fP\fIpattern\fP}
${\fIparameter\fP\fB\(ha\fP\fIpattern\fP}
.PD 0
.TP
${\fIparameter\fP\fB^^\fP\fIpattern\fP}
${\fIparameter\fP\fB\(ha\(ha\fP\fIpattern\fP}
.TP
${\fIparameter\fP\fB,\fP\fIpattern\fP}
.TP
@@ -3513,11 +3515,11 @@ pathname expansion.
Each character in the expanded value of \fIparameter\fP is tested against
\fIpattern\fP, and, if it matches the pattern, its case is converted.
The pattern should not attempt to match more than one character.
The \fB^\fP operator converts lowercase letters matching \fIpattern\fP
The \fB\(ha\fP operator converts lowercase letters matching \fIpattern\fP
to uppercase; the \fB,\fP operator converts matching uppercase letters
to lowercase.
The \fB^^\fP and \fB,,\fP expansions convert each matched character in the
expanded value; the \fB^\fP and \fB,\fP expansions match and convert only
The \fB\(ha\(ha\fP and \fB,,\fP expansions convert each matched character in the
expanded value; the \fB\(ha\fP and \fB,\fP expansions match and convert only
the first character in the expanded value.
If \fIpattern\fP is omitted, it is treated like a \fB?\fP, which matches
every character.
@@ -4003,7 +4005,7 @@ is matched. If the first character following the
is a
.B !
or a
.B ^
.B \(ha
then any character not enclosed is matched.
The sorting order of characters in range expressions,
and the characters included in the range,
@@ -4772,7 +4774,7 @@ unary minus and plus
.B ++\fIid\fP \-\-\fIid\fP
variable pre-increment and pre-decrement
.TP
.B ! ~
.B ! \(ti
logical and bitwise negation
.TP
.B **
@@ -4796,7 +4798,7 @@ equality and inequality
.B &
bitwise AND
.TP
.B ^
.B \(ha
bitwise exclusive OR
.TP
.B |
@@ -4811,7 +4813,7 @@ logical OR
.B \fIexpr\fP?\fIexpr\fP:\fIexpr\fP
conditional operator
.TP
.B = *= /= %= += \-= <<= >>= &= ^= |=
.B = *= /= %= += \-= <<= >>= &= \(ha= |=
assignment
.TP
.B \fIexpr1\fP , \fIexpr2\fP
@@ -5412,10 +5414,10 @@ command to complete, the shell receives keyboard-generated signals
such as
.SM
.B SIGINT
(usually generated by \fB^C\fP) that users commonly intend to send
(usually generated by \fB\(haC\fP) that users commonly intend to send
to that command.
This happens because the shell and the command are in the
same process group as the terminal, and \fB^C\fP sends
same process group as the terminal, and \fB\(haC\fP sends
.SM
.B SIGINT
to all processes in that process group.
@@ -5527,14 +5529,14 @@ contains facilities to use it.
Typing the
.I suspend
character (typically
.BR ^Z ,
.BR \(haZ ,
Control-Z) while a process is running
causes that process to be stopped and returns control to
.BR bash .
Typing the
.I "delayed suspend"
character (typically
.BR ^Y ,
.BR \(haY ,
Control-Y) causes the process to be stopped when it
attempts to read input from the terminal, and control to
be returned to
@@ -5546,7 +5548,7 @@ command to continue it in the background, the
command to continue it in the foreground, or
the
.B kill
command to kill it. A \fB^Z\fP takes effect immediately,
command to kill it. A \fB\(haZ\fP takes effect immediately,
and has the additional side effect of causing pending output
and typeahead to be discarded.
.PP
@@ -5860,7 +5862,7 @@ The name of this file is taken from the value of the
.SM
.B INPUTRC
variable. If that variable is unset, the default is
.IR ~/.inputrc .
.IR \(ti/.inputrc .
If that file does not exist or cannot be read, the ultimate default is
.IR /etc/inputrc .
When a program which uses the readline library starts up, the
@@ -5959,7 +5961,7 @@ are not recognized.
.br
"\eC\-x\eC\-r": re\-read\-init\-file
.br
"\ee[11~": "Function Key 1"
"\ee[11\(ti": "Function Key 1"
.RE
.PP
In this example,
@@ -5970,7 +5972,7 @@ is again bound to the function
is bound to the function
.BR re\-read\-init\-file ,
and
.I "ESC [ 1 1 ~"
.I "ESC [ 1 1 \(ti"
is bound to insert the text
.if t \f(CWFunction Key 1\fP.
.if n ``Function Key 1''.
@@ -6963,7 +6965,7 @@ Attempt to perform completion on the text before point.
.B Bash
attempts completion treating the text as a variable (if the
text begins with \fB$\fP), username (if the text begins with
\fB~\fP), hostname (if the text begins with \fB@\fP), or
\fB\(ti\fP), hostname (if the text begins with \fB@\fP), or
command (including aliases and functions) in turn. If none
of these produces a match, filename completion is attempted.
.TP
@@ -7008,11 +7010,11 @@ Attempt filename completion on the text before point.
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a filename.
.TP
.B complete\-username (M\-~)
.B complete\-username (M\-\(ti)
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a username.
.TP
.B possible\-username\-completions (C\-x ~)
.B possible\-username\-completions (C\-x \(ti)
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a username.
.TP
@@ -7422,7 +7424,7 @@ On startup, the history is initialized from the file named by
the variable
.SM
.B HISTFILE
(default \fI~/.bash_history\fP).
(default \fI\(ti/.bash_history\fP).
The file named by the value of
.SM
.B HISTFILE
@@ -7650,13 +7652,13 @@ is followed immediately by a newline.
If \fIstring\fP is missing, the string from the most recent search is used;
it is an error if there is no previous search string.
.TP
.B \d\s+2^\s-2\u\fIstring1\fP\d\s+2^\s-2\u\fIstring2\fP\d\s+2^\s-2\u
.B \d\s+2\(ha\s-2\u\fIstring1\fP\d\s+2\(ha\s-2\u\fIstring2\fP\d\s+2\(ha\s-2\u
Quick substitution. Repeat the previous command, replacing
.I string1
with
.IR string2 .
Equivalent to
``!!:s\d\s+2^\s-2\u\fIstring1\fP\d\s+2^\s-2\u\fIstring2\fP\d\s+2^\s-2\u''
``!!:s\d\s+2\(ha\s-2\u\fIstring1\fP\d\s+2\(ha\s-2\u\fIstring2\fP\d\s+2\(ha\s-2\u''
(see \fBModifiers\fP below).
.TP
.B !#
@@ -7668,7 +7670,7 @@ A
.B :
separates the event specification from the word designator.
It may be omitted if the word designator begins with a
.BR ^ ,
.BR \(ha ,
.BR $ ,
.BR * ,
.BR \- ,
@@ -7687,7 +7689,7 @@ word.
.I n
The \fIn\fRth word.
.TP
.B ^
.B \(ha
The first argument. That is, word 1.
.TP
.B $
@@ -8724,8 +8726,9 @@ the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled. The
option disables the interpretation of these escape characters,
even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
The \fBxpg_echo\fP shell option may be used to
dynamically determine whether or not \fBecho\fP expands these
escape characters by default.
dynamically determine whether or not \fBecho\fP
interprets any options
and expands these escape characters by default.
.B echo
does not interpret \fB\-\-\fP to mean the end of options.
.B echo
@@ -10912,6 +10915,8 @@ instead of leaving them open when the command completes.
.B xpg_echo
If set, the \fBecho\fP builtin expands backslash-escape sequences
by default.
If the \fBposix\fP shell option is also enabled, \fBecho\fP does not
interpret any options.
.RE
.PD
.TP
@@ -11627,7 +11632,7 @@ and it is required for bash-5.1 and later versions.
.PD 0
.RS
.IP \(bu
quoting the rhs of the \fB[[\fP command's regexp matching operator (=~)
quoting the rhs of the \fB[[\fP command's regexp matching operator (=\(ti)
has no special effect
.RE
.PD
@@ -11877,7 +11882,7 @@ script.
\fIPortable Operating System Interface (POSIX) Part 2: Shell and Utilities\fP, IEEE --
http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/
.TP
http://tiswww.case.edu/~chet/bash/POSIX -- a description of posix mode
http://tiswww.case.edu/\(tichet/bash/POSIX -- a description of posix mode
.TP
\fIsh\fP(1), \fIksh\fP(1), \fIcsh\fP(1)
.TP
@@ -11894,20 +11899,20 @@ The \fBbash\fP executable
.FN /etc/profile
The systemwide initialization file, executed for login shells
.TP
.FN ~/.bash_profile
.FN \(ti/.bash_profile
The personal initialization file, executed for login shells
.TP
.FN ~/.bashrc
.FN \(ti/.bashrc
The individual per-interactive-shell startup file
.TP
.FN ~/.bash_logout
.FN \(ti/.bash_logout
The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login shell exits
.TP
.FN ~/.bash_history
.FN \(ti/.bash_history
The default value of \fBHISTFILE\fP, the file in which bash saves the
command history
.TP
.FN ~/.inputrc
.FN \(ti/.inputrc
Individual \fIreadline\fP initialization file
.PD
.SH AUTHORS
doc/bash.html
+66 -63
View File
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
</HEAD>
<BODY><TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2023 July 19<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2023 July 26<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ Execute commands from
<I>file</I>
instead of the standard personal initialization file
<A HREF="file:~/.bashrc"><I>~/.bashrc</I></A>
<I>ti/.bashrc</I>
if the shell is interactive (see
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>INVOCATION</B>
@@ -263,12 +263,12 @@ Do not read either the system-wide startup file
<A HREF="file:/etc/profile"><I>/etc/profile</I></A>
or any of the personal initialization files
<A HREF="file:~/.bash_profile"><I>~/.bash_profile</I></A>,
<I>ti/.bash_profile</I>,
<A HREF="file:~/.bash_login"><I>~/.bash_login</I></A>,
<I>ti/.bash_login</I>,
or
<A HREF="file:~/.profile"><I>~/.profile</I></A>.
<I>ti/.profile</I>.
By default,
<B>bash</B>
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ below).
<DD>
Do not read and execute the personal initialization file
<A HREF="file:~/.bashrc"><I>~/.bashrc</I></A>
<I>ti/.bashrc</I>
if the shell is interactive.
This option is on by default if the shell is invoked as
@@ -418,8 +418,8 @@ is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a non-interactive shell
with the <B>--login</B> option, it first reads and
executes commands from the file <A HREF="file:/etc/profile"><I>/etc/profile</I></A>, if that
file exists.
After reading that file, it looks for <A HREF="file:~/.bash_profile"><I>~/.bash_profile</I></A>,
<A HREF="file:~/.bash_login"><I>~/.bash_login</I></A>, and <A HREF="file:~/.profile"><I>~/.profile</I></A>, in that order, and reads
After reading that file, it looks for <I>ti/.bash_profile</I>,
<I>ti/.bash_login</I>, and <I>ti/.profile</I>, in that order, and reads
and executes commands from the first one that exists and is readable.
The
<B>--noprofile</B>
@@ -431,14 +431,14 @@ When an interactive login shell exits,
or a non-interactive login shell executes the <B>exit</B> builtin command,
<B>bash</B>
reads and executes commands from the file <A HREF="file:~/.bash_logout"><I>~/.bash_logout</I></A>, if it
reads and executes commands from the file <I>ti/.bash_logout</I>, if it
exists.
<P>
When an interactive shell that is not a login shell is started,
<B>bash</B>
reads and executes commands from <A HREF="file:~/.bashrc"><I>~/.bashrc</I></A>, if that file exists.
reads and executes commands from <I>ti/.bashrc</I>, if that file exists.
This may be inhibited by using the
<B>--norc</B>
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ option.
The <B>--rcfile</B> <I>file</I> option will force
<B>bash</B>
to read and execute commands from <I>file</I> instead of <A HREF="file:~/.bashrc"><I>~/.bashrc</I></A>.
to read and execute commands from <I>file</I> instead of <I>ti/.bashrc</I>.
<P>
When
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@ read and execute commands from
<A HREF="file:/etc/profile"><I>/etc/profile</I></A>
and
<A HREF="file:~/.profile"><I>~/.profile</I></A>,
<I>ti/.profile</I>,
in that order.
The
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ If
<B>bash</B>
determines it is being run non-interactively in this fashion,
it reads and executes commands from <A HREF="file:~/.bashrc"><I>~/.bashrc</I></A>,
it reads and executes commands from <I>ti/.bashrc</I>,
if that file exists and is readable.
It will not do this if invoked as <B>sh</B>.
The
@@ -976,7 +976,7 @@ to be matched as a string.
<P>
An additional binary operator, <B>=~</B>, is available, with the same
An additional binary operator, <B>=ti</B>, is available, with the same
precedence as <B>==</B> and <B>!=</B>.
When it is used, the string to the right of the operator is considered
a POSIX extended regular expression and matched accordingly
@@ -1003,7 +1003,7 @@ between brackets.
The pattern will match if it matches any part of the string.
Anchor the pattern using the <B>^</B> and <B>$</B> regular expression
Anchor the pattern using the <B>ha</B> and <B>$</B> regular expression
operators to force it to match the entire string.
The array variable
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_REMATCH</B>
@@ -2120,7 +2120,7 @@ command.
<DT><B>BASH_REMATCH</B>
<DD>
An array variable whose members are assigned by the <B>=~</B> binary
An array variable whose members are assigned by the <B>=ti</B> binary
operator to the <B>[[</B> conditional command.
The element with index 0 is the portion of the string
matching the entire regular expression.
@@ -2727,7 +2727,7 @@ The current version is also a valid value.
If this parameter is set when <B>bash</B> is executing a shell script,
its value is interpreted as a filename containing commands to
initialize the shell, as in
<A HREF="file:~/.bashrc"><I>~/.bashrc</I></A>.
<I>ti/.bashrc</I>.
The value of
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_ENV</B>
@@ -2778,7 +2778,7 @@ for destination directories specified by the
command.
A sample value is
<TT>&quot;.:~:/usr&quot;</TT>.
<TT>&quot;.:ti:/usr&quot;</TT>.
<DT><B>CHILD_MAX</B>
@@ -2863,7 +2863,7 @@ A filename whose suffix matches one of the entries in
</FONT>
is excluded from the list of matched filenames.
A sample value is
<TT>&quot;.o:~&quot;</TT>.
<TT>&quot;.o:ti&quot;</TT>.
<DT><B>FUNCNEST</B>
@@ -2965,7 +2965,7 @@ The name of the file in which command history is saved (see
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>HISTORY</B>
</FONT>
below). The default value is <A HREF="file:~/.bash_history"><I>~/.bash_history</I></A>. If unset, the
below). The default value is <I>ti/.bash_history</I>. If unset, the
command history is not saved when a shell exits.
<DT><B>HISTFILESIZE</B>
@@ -3105,7 +3105,7 @@ The filename for the
startup file, overriding the default of
<A HREF="file:~/.inputrc"><I>~/.inputrc</I></A>
<I>ti/.inputrc</I>
(see
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>READLINE</B>
@@ -3206,7 +3206,7 @@ Example:
<DL COMPACT><DT><DD>
<P>
<B>MAILPATH</B>=aq/var/mail/bfox?&quot;You have mail&quot;:~/shell-mail?&quot;$_ has mail!&quot;aq
<B>MAILPATH</B>=aq/var/mail/bfox?&quot;You have mail&quot;:ti/shell-mail?&quot;$_ has mail!&quot;aq
<P>
<B>Bash</B>
@@ -3489,7 +3489,7 @@ expansion, normally `<B>!</B>'.
The second character is the <I>quick substitution</I>
character, which is used as shorthand for re-running the previous
command entered, substituting one string for another in the command.
The default is `<B>^</B>'.
The default is `<B>ha</B>'.
The optional third character is the character
which indicates that the remainder of the line is a comment when found
as the first character of a word, normally `<B>#</B>'. The history
@@ -3898,7 +3898,7 @@ below).
<A NAME="lbBA">&nbsp;</A>
<H4>Tilde Expansion</H4>
If a word begins with an unquoted tilde character (`<B>~</B>'), all of
If a word begins with an unquoted tilde character (`<B>ti</B>'), all of
the characters preceding the first unquoted slash (or all characters,
if there is no unquoted slash) are considered a <I>tilde-prefix</I>.
If none of the characters in the tilde-prefix are quoted, the
@@ -3919,12 +3919,12 @@ Otherwise, the tilde-prefix is replaced with the home directory
associated with the specified login name.
<P>
If the tilde-prefix is a `~+', the value of the shell variable
If the tilde-prefix is a `ti+', the value of the shell variable
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>PWD</B>
</FONT>
replaces the tilde-prefix.
If the tilde-prefix is a `~-', the value of the shell variable
If the tilde-prefix is a `ti-', the value of the shell variable
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>OLDPWD</B>,
</FONT>
@@ -4364,9 +4364,9 @@ or
the substitution operation is applied to each member of the
array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
<DT>${<I>parameter</I><B>^</B><I>pattern</I>}<DD>
<DT>${<I>parameter</I><B>ha</B><I>pattern</I>}<DD>
<DT>${<I>parameter</I><B>^^</B><I>pattern</I>}<DD>
<DT>${<I>parameter</I><B>haha</B><I>pattern</I>}<DD>
<DT>${<I>parameter</I><B>,</B><I>pattern</I>}<DD>
<DT>${<I>parameter</I><B>,,</B><I>pattern</I>}<DD>
@@ -4377,11 +4377,11 @@ pathname expansion.
Each character in the expanded value of <I>parameter</I> is tested against
<I>pattern</I>, and, if it matches the pattern, its case is converted.
The pattern should not attempt to match more than one character.
The <B>^</B> operator converts lowercase letters matching <I>pattern</I>
The <B>ha</B> operator converts lowercase letters matching <I>pattern</I>
to uppercase; the <B>,</B> operator converts matching uppercase letters
to lowercase.
The <B>^^</B> and <B>,,</B> expansions convert each matched character in the
expanded value; the <B>^</B> and <B>,</B> expansions match and convert only
The <B>haha</B> and <B>,,</B> expansions convert each matched character in the
expanded value; the <B>ha</B> and <B>,</B> expansions match and convert only
the first character in the expanded value.
If <I>pattern</I> is omitted, it is treated like a <B>?</B>, which matches
every character.
@@ -5015,7 +5015,7 @@ is a
<B>!</B>
or a
<B>^</B>
<B>ha</B>
then any character not enclosed is matched.
The sorting order of characters in range expressions,
@@ -6033,7 +6033,7 @@ unary minus and plus
<DD>
variable pre-increment and pre-decrement
<DT><B>! ~</B>
<DT><B>! ti</B>
<DD>
logical and bitwise negation
@@ -6065,7 +6065,7 @@ equality and inequality
<DD>
bitwise AND
<DT><B>^</B>
<DT><B>ha</B>
<DD>
bitwise exclusive OR
@@ -6085,7 +6085,7 @@ logical OR
<DD>
conditional operator
<DT><B>= *= /= %= += -= &lt;&lt;= &gt;&gt;= &amp;= ^= |=</B>
<DT><B>= *= /= %= += -= &lt;&lt;= &gt;&gt;= &amp;= ha= |=</B>
<DD>
assignment
@@ -6834,10 +6834,10 @@ such as
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SIGINT</B>
</FONT>
(usually generated by <B>^C</B>) that users commonly intend to send
(usually generated by <B>haC</B>) that users commonly intend to send
to that command.
This happens because the shell and the command are in the
same process group as the terminal, and <B>^C</B> sends
same process group as the terminal, and <B>haC</B> sends
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SIGINT</B>
</FONT>
@@ -6986,7 +6986,7 @@ Typing the
<I>suspend</I>
character (typically
<B>^Z</B>,
<B>haZ</B>,
Control-Z) while a process is running
causes that process to be stopped and returns control to
@@ -6996,7 +6996,7 @@ Typing the
<I>delayed suspend</I>
character (typically
<B>^Y</B>,
<B>haY</B>,
Control-Y) causes the process to be stopped when it
attempts to read input from the terminal, and control to
@@ -7013,7 +7013,7 @@ command to continue it in the foreground, or
the
<B>kill</B>
command to kill it. A <B>^Z</B> takes effect immediately,
command to kill it. A <B>haZ</B> takes effect immediately,
and has the additional side effect of causing pending output
and typeahead to be discarded.
<P>
@@ -7430,7 +7430,7 @@ The name of this file is taken from the value of the
</FONT>
variable. If that variable is unset, the default is
<A HREF="file:~/.inputrc"><I>~/.inputrc</I></A>.
<I>ti/.inputrc</I>.
If that file does not exist or cannot be read, the ultimate default is
<A HREF="file:/etc/inputrc"><I>/etc/inputrc</I></A>.
@@ -7570,7 +7570,7 @@ are not recognized.
&quot;\C-x\C-r&quot;: re-read-init-file
<BR>
&quot;\e[11~&quot;: &quot;Function Key 1&quot;
&quot;\e[11ti&quot;: &quot;Function Key 1&quot;
</DL>
<P>
@@ -7587,7 +7587,7 @@ is bound to the function
<B>re-read-init-file</B>,
and
<I>ESC [ 1 1 ~</I>
<I>ESC [ 1 1 ti</I>
is bound to insert the text
<TT>Function Key 1</TT>.
@@ -8818,7 +8818,7 @@ Attempt to perform completion on the text before point.
attempts completion treating the text as a variable (if the
text begins with <B>$</B>), username (if the text begins with
<B>~</B>), hostname (if the text begins with <B>@</B>), or
<B>ti</B>), hostname (if the text begins with <B>@</B>), or
command (including aliases and functions) in turn. If none
of these produces a match, filename completion is attempted.
<DT><B>possible-completions (M-?)</B>
@@ -8869,12 +8869,12 @@ Attempt filename completion on the text before point.
<DD>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a filename.
<DT><B>complete-username (M-~)</B>
<DT><B>complete-username (M-ti)</B>
<DD>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a username.
<DT><B>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</B>
<DT><B>possible-username-completions (C-x ti)</B>
<DD>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
@@ -9389,7 +9389,7 @@ the variable
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>HISTFILE</B>
</FONT>
(default <A HREF="file:~/.bash_history"><I>~/.bash_history</I></A>).
(default <I>ti/.bash_history</I>).
The file named by the value of
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>HISTFILE</B>
@@ -9680,7 +9680,7 @@ The trailing <B>?</B> may be omitted if
is followed immediately by a newline.
If <I>string</I> is missing, the string from the most recent search is used;
it is an error if there is no previous search string.
<DT><B></B><FONT SIZE=+2><B>^</B></FONT><B></B><I>string1</I><FONT SIZE=+2>^</FONT><I>string2</I><FONT SIZE=+2>^</FONT>
<DT><B></B><FONT SIZE=+2><B>ha</B></FONT><B></B><I>string1</I><FONT SIZE=+2>ha</FONT><I>string2</I><FONT SIZE=+2>ha</FONT>
<DD>
Quick substitution. Repeat the previous command, replacing
@@ -9690,7 +9690,7 @@ with
<I>string2</I>.
Equivalent to
``!!:s<FONT SIZE=+2>^</FONT><I>string1</I><FONT SIZE=+2>^</FONT><I>string2</I><FONT SIZE=+2>^</FONT>''
``!!:s<FONT SIZE=+2>ha</FONT><I>string1</I><FONT SIZE=+2>ha</FONT><I>string2</I><FONT SIZE=+2>ha</FONT>''
(see <B>Modifiers</B> below).
<DT><B>!#</B>
@@ -9707,7 +9707,7 @@ A
separates the event specification from the word designator.
It may be omitted if the word designator begins with a
<B>^</B>,
<B>ha</B>,
<B>$</B>,
@@ -9734,7 +9734,7 @@ word.
<DD>
The <I>n</I>th word.
<DT><B>^</B>
<DT><B>ha</B>
<DD>
The first argument. That is, word 1.
@@ -10994,8 +10994,9 @@ the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled. The
option disables the interpretation of these escape characters,
even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
The <B>xpg_echo</B> shell option may be used to
dynamically determine whether or not <B>echo</B> expands these
escape characters by default.
dynamically determine whether or not <B>echo</B>
interprets any options
and expands these escape characters by default.
<B>echo</B>
does not interpret <B>--</B> to mean the end of options.
@@ -13718,6 +13719,8 @@ instead of leaving them open when the command completes.
<DD>
If set, the <B>echo</B> builtin expands backslash-escape sequences
by default.
If the <B>posix</B> shell option is also enabled, <B>echo</B> does not
interpret any options.
</DL></DL>
@@ -14610,7 +14613,7 @@ and it is required for bash-5.1 and later versions.
<DL COMPACT><DT><DD>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>*<DD>
quoting the rhs of the <B>[[</B> command's regexp matching operator (=~)
quoting the rhs of the <B>[[</B> command's regexp matching operator (=ti)
has no special effect
</DL></DL>
@@ -14906,7 +14909,7 @@ script.
<DT><I>The Gnu History Library</I>, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey<DD>
<DT><I>Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) Part 2: Shell and Utilities</I>, IEEE --<DD>
<A HREF="http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/">http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/</A>
<DT><A HREF="http://tiswww.case.edu/~chet/bash/POSIX">http://tiswww.case.edu/~chet/bash/POSIX</A> -- a description of posix mode<DD>
<DT><A HREF="http://tiswww.case.edu/tichet/bash/POSIX">http://tiswww.case.edu/tichet/bash/POSIX</A> -- a description of posix mode<DD>
<DT><I>sh</I>(1), <I>ksh</I>(1), <I>csh</I>(1)<DD>
<DT><I>emacs</I>(1), <I>vi</I>(1)<DD>
<DT><I>readline</I>(3)<DD>
@@ -14928,28 +14931,28 @@ The <B>bash</B> executable
<DD>
The systemwide initialization file, executed for login shells
<DT>
<A HREF="file:~/.bash_profile"><I>~/.bash_profile</I></A>
<I>ti/.bash_profile</I>
<DD>
The personal initialization file, executed for login shells
<DT>
<A HREF="file:~/.bashrc"><I>~/.bashrc</I></A>
<I>ti/.bashrc</I>
<DD>
The individual per-interactive-shell startup file
<DT>
<A HREF="file:~/.bash_logout"><I>~/.bash_logout</I></A>
<I>ti/.bash_logout</I>
<DD>
The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login shell exits
<DT>
<A HREF="file:~/.bash_history"><I>~/.bash_history</I></A>
<I>ti/.bash_history</I>
<DD>
The default value of <B>HISTFILE</B>, the file in which bash saves the
command history
<DT>
<A HREF="file:~/.inputrc"><I>~/.inputrc</I></A>
<I>ti/.inputrc</I>
<DD>
Individual <I>readline</I> initialization file
@@ -15064,7 +15067,7 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
<HR>
<TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash 5.3<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2023 July 19<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash 5.3<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2023 July 26<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<HR>
@@ -15170,7 +15173,7 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
<DT><A HREF="#lbDI">BUGS</A><DD>
</DL>
<HR>
This document was created by man2html from /usr/local/src/bash/bash-20230719/doc/bash.1.<BR>
Time: 23 July 2023 18:17:35 EDT
This document was created by man2html from /usr/local/src/bash/bash-20230724/doc/bash.1.<BR>
Time: 27 July 2023 13:45:03 EDT
</BODY>
</HTML>
doc/bash.info
+115 -105
View File
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
This is bash.info, produced by makeinfo version 6.8 from bashref.texi.
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
Bash shell (version 5.3, 19 July 2023).
Bash shell (version 5.3, 26 July 2023).
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 19 July 2023, of 'The GNU Bash
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 26 July 2023, of 'The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.3.
Copyright (C) 1988-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ Bash Features
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
Bash shell (version 5.3, 19 July 2023). The Bash home page is
Bash shell (version 5.3, 26 July 2023). The Bash home page is
<http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/>.
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 19 July 2023, of 'The GNU Bash
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 26 July 2023, of 'The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.3.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
@@ -1842,6 +1842,14 @@ omitted, the operator tests only for existence.
$ v=123
$ echo ${v-unset}
123
$ echo ${v:-unset-or-null}
123
$ unset v
$ echo ${v-unset}
unset
$ v=
$ echo ${v:-unset-or-null}
unset-or-null
'${PARAMETER:=WORD}'
If PARAMETER is unset or null, the expansion of WORD is assigned to
@@ -4008,9 +4016,9 @@ standard.
characters is enabled. The '-E' option disables the interpretation
of these escape characters, even on systems where they are
interpreted by default. The 'xpg_echo' shell option may be used to
dynamically determine whether or not 'echo' expands these escape
characters by default. 'echo' does not interpret '--' to mean the
end of options.
dynamically determine whether or not 'echo' interprets any options
and expands these escape characters by default. 'echo' does not
interpret '--' to mean the end of options.
'echo' interprets the following escape sequences:
'\a'
@@ -5189,7 +5197,9 @@ This builtin allows you to change additional shell optional behavior.
'xpg_echo'
If set, the 'echo' builtin expands backslash-escape sequences
by default.
by default. If the 'posix' shell option (*note The Set
Builtin::) is also enabled, 'echo' does not interpret any
options.

File: bash.info, Node: Special Builtins, Prev: Modifying Shell Behavior, Up: Shell Builtin Commands
@@ -12860,103 +12870,103 @@ Node: Shell Expansions70406
Node: Brace Expansion72491
Node: Tilde Expansion75222
Node: Shell Parameter Expansion77840
Node: Command Substitution96239
Node: Arithmetic Expansion99700
Node: Process Substitution100665
Node: Word Splitting101782
Node: Filename Expansion103827
Node: Pattern Matching106757
Node: Quote Removal111756
Node: Redirections112048
Node: Executing Commands121738
Node: Simple Command Expansion122405
Node: Command Search and Execution124512
Node: Command Execution Environment126896
Node: Environment129928
Node: Exit Status131588
Node: Signals133369
Node: Shell Scripts136815
Node: Shell Builtin Commands139839
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins141874
Node: Bash Builtins165007
Node: Modifying Shell Behavior197003
Node: The Set Builtin197345
Node: The Shopt Builtin208286
Node: Special Builtins224290
Node: Shell Variables225266
Node: Bourne Shell Variables225700
Node: Bash Variables227801
Node: Bash Features262755
Node: Invoking Bash263765
Node: Bash Startup Files269775
Node: Interactive Shells274903
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?275311
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?275957
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior276769
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions280395
Node: Shell Arithmetic285034
Node: Aliases287992
Node: Arrays290883
Node: The Directory Stack297443
Node: Directory Stack Builtins298224
Node: Controlling the Prompt302481
Node: The Restricted Shell305443
Node: Bash POSIX Mode308050
Node: Shell Compatibility Mode324190
Node: Job Control332431
Node: Job Control Basics332888
Node: Job Control Builtins337887
Node: Job Control Variables343679
Node: Command Line Editing344832
Node: Introduction and Notation346500
Node: Readline Interaction348120
Node: Readline Bare Essentials349308
Node: Readline Movement Commands351094
Node: Readline Killing Commands352051
Node: Readline Arguments353969
Node: Searching355010
Node: Readline Init File357193
Node: Readline Init File Syntax358451
Node: Conditional Init Constructs382473
Node: Sample Init File386666
Node: Bindable Readline Commands389787
Node: Commands For Moving390988
Node: Commands For History393036
Node: Commands For Text398027
Node: Commands For Killing402002
Node: Numeric Arguments404703
Node: Commands For Completion405839
Node: Keyboard Macros410027
Node: Miscellaneous Commands410712
Node: Readline vi Mode416747
Node: Programmable Completion417651
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins425428
Node: A Programmable Completion Example436545
Node: Using History Interactively441790
Node: Bash History Facilities442471
Node: Bash History Builtins445473
Node: History Interaction450494
Node: Event Designators454111
Node: Word Designators455462
Node: Modifiers457219
Node: Installing Bash459024
Node: Basic Installation460158
Node: Compilers and Options463877
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures464615
Node: Installation Names466304
Node: Specifying the System Type468410
Node: Sharing Defaults469124
Node: Operation Controls469794
Node: Optional Features470749
Node: Reporting Bugs481965
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell483296
Node: GNU Free Documentation License500142
Node: Indexes525316
Node: Builtin Index525767
Node: Reserved Word Index532865
Node: Variable Index535310
Node: Function Index552441
Node: Concept Index566159
Node: Command Substitution96430
Node: Arithmetic Expansion99891
Node: Process Substitution100856
Node: Word Splitting101973
Node: Filename Expansion104018
Node: Pattern Matching106948
Node: Quote Removal111947
Node: Redirections112239
Node: Executing Commands121929
Node: Simple Command Expansion122596
Node: Command Search and Execution124703
Node: Command Execution Environment127087
Node: Environment130119
Node: Exit Status131779
Node: Signals133560
Node: Shell Scripts137006
Node: Shell Builtin Commands140030
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins142065
Node: Bash Builtins165198
Node: Modifying Shell Behavior197221
Node: The Set Builtin197563
Node: The Shopt Builtin208504
Node: Special Builtins224639
Node: Shell Variables225615
Node: Bourne Shell Variables226049
Node: Bash Variables228150
Node: Bash Features263104
Node: Invoking Bash264114
Node: Bash Startup Files270124
Node: Interactive Shells275252
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?275660
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?276306
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior277118
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions280744
Node: Shell Arithmetic285383
Node: Aliases288341
Node: Arrays291232
Node: The Directory Stack297792
Node: Directory Stack Builtins298573
Node: Controlling the Prompt302830
Node: The Restricted Shell305792
Node: Bash POSIX Mode308399
Node: Shell Compatibility Mode324539
Node: Job Control332780
Node: Job Control Basics333237
Node: Job Control Builtins338236
Node: Job Control Variables344028
Node: Command Line Editing345181
Node: Introduction and Notation346849
Node: Readline Interaction348469
Node: Readline Bare Essentials349657
Node: Readline Movement Commands351443
Node: Readline Killing Commands352400
Node: Readline Arguments354318
Node: Searching355359
Node: Readline Init File357542
Node: Readline Init File Syntax358800
Node: Conditional Init Constructs382822
Node: Sample Init File387015
Node: Bindable Readline Commands390136
Node: Commands For Moving391337
Node: Commands For History393385
Node: Commands For Text398376
Node: Commands For Killing402351
Node: Numeric Arguments405052
Node: Commands For Completion406188
Node: Keyboard Macros410376
Node: Miscellaneous Commands411061
Node: Readline vi Mode417096
Node: Programmable Completion418000
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins425777
Node: A Programmable Completion Example436894
Node: Using History Interactively442139
Node: Bash History Facilities442820
Node: Bash History Builtins445822
Node: History Interaction450843
Node: Event Designators454460
Node: Word Designators455811
Node: Modifiers457568
Node: Installing Bash459373
Node: Basic Installation460507
Node: Compilers and Options464226
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures464964
Node: Installation Names466653
Node: Specifying the System Type468759
Node: Sharing Defaults469473
Node: Operation Controls470143
Node: Optional Features471098
Node: Reporting Bugs482314
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell483645
Node: GNU Free Documentation License500491
Node: Indexes525665
Node: Builtin Index526116
Node: Reserved Word Index533214
Node: Variable Index535659
Node: Function Index552790
Node: Concept Index566508

End Tag Table
doc/bash.pdf
BIN
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doc/bashref.info
+115 -105
View File
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 6.8 from
bashref.texi.
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
Bash shell (version 5.3, 19 July 2023).
Bash shell (version 5.3, 26 July 2023).
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 19 July 2023, of 'The GNU Bash
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 26 July 2023, of 'The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.3.
Copyright (C) 1988-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ Bash Features
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
Bash shell (version 5.3, 19 July 2023). The Bash home page is
Bash shell (version 5.3, 26 July 2023). The Bash home page is
<http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/>.
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 19 July 2023, of 'The GNU Bash
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 26 July 2023, of 'The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.3.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
@@ -1843,6 +1843,14 @@ omitted, the operator tests only for existence.
$ v=123
$ echo ${v-unset}
123
$ echo ${v:-unset-or-null}
123
$ unset v
$ echo ${v-unset}
unset
$ v=
$ echo ${v:-unset-or-null}
unset-or-null
'${PARAMETER:=WORD}'
If PARAMETER is unset or null, the expansion of WORD is assigned to
@@ -4009,9 +4017,9 @@ standard.
characters is enabled. The '-E' option disables the interpretation
of these escape characters, even on systems where they are
interpreted by default. The 'xpg_echo' shell option may be used to
dynamically determine whether or not 'echo' expands these escape
characters by default. 'echo' does not interpret '--' to mean the
end of options.
dynamically determine whether or not 'echo' interprets any options
and expands these escape characters by default. 'echo' does not
interpret '--' to mean the end of options.
'echo' interprets the following escape sequences:
'\a'
@@ -5190,7 +5198,9 @@ This builtin allows you to change additional shell optional behavior.
'xpg_echo'
If set, the 'echo' builtin expands backslash-escape sequences
by default.
by default. If the 'posix' shell option (*note The Set
Builtin::) is also enabled, 'echo' does not interpret any
options.

File: bashref.info, Node: Special Builtins, Prev: Modifying Shell Behavior, Up: Shell Builtin Commands
@@ -12861,103 +12871,103 @@ Node: Shell Expansions70502
Node: Brace Expansion72590
Node: Tilde Expansion75324
Node: Shell Parameter Expansion77945
Node: Command Substitution96347
Node: Arithmetic Expansion99811
Node: Process Substitution100779
Node: Word Splitting101899
Node: Filename Expansion103947
Node: Pattern Matching106880
Node: Quote Removal111882
Node: Redirections112177
Node: Executing Commands121870
Node: Simple Command Expansion122540
Node: Command Search and Execution124650
Node: Command Execution Environment127037
Node: Environment130072
Node: Exit Status131735
Node: Signals133519
Node: Shell Scripts136968
Node: Shell Builtin Commands139995
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins142033
Node: Bash Builtins165169
Node: Modifying Shell Behavior197168
Node: The Set Builtin197513
Node: The Shopt Builtin208457
Node: Special Builtins224464
Node: Shell Variables225443
Node: Bourne Shell Variables225880
Node: Bash Variables227984
Node: Bash Features262941
Node: Invoking Bash263954
Node: Bash Startup Files269967
Node: Interactive Shells275098
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?275509
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?276158
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior276973
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions280602
Node: Shell Arithmetic285244
Node: Aliases288205
Node: Arrays291099
Node: The Directory Stack297662
Node: Directory Stack Builtins298446
Node: Controlling the Prompt302706
Node: The Restricted Shell305671
Node: Bash POSIX Mode308281
Node: Shell Compatibility Mode324424
Node: Job Control332668
Node: Job Control Basics333128
Node: Job Control Builtins338130
Node: Job Control Variables343925
Node: Command Line Editing345081
Node: Introduction and Notation346752
Node: Readline Interaction348375
Node: Readline Bare Essentials349566
Node: Readline Movement Commands351355
Node: Readline Killing Commands352315
Node: Readline Arguments354236
Node: Searching355280
Node: Readline Init File357466
Node: Readline Init File Syntax358727
Node: Conditional Init Constructs382752
Node: Sample Init File386948
Node: Bindable Readline Commands390072
Node: Commands For Moving391276
Node: Commands For History393327
Node: Commands For Text398321
Node: Commands For Killing402299
Node: Numeric Arguments405003
Node: Commands For Completion406142
Node: Keyboard Macros410333
Node: Miscellaneous Commands411021
Node: Readline vi Mode417059
Node: Programmable Completion417966
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins425746
Node: A Programmable Completion Example436866
Node: Using History Interactively442114
Node: Bash History Facilities442798
Node: Bash History Builtins445803
Node: History Interaction450827
Node: Event Designators454447
Node: Word Designators455801
Node: Modifiers457561
Node: Installing Bash459369
Node: Basic Installation460506
Node: Compilers and Options464228
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures464969
Node: Installation Names466661
Node: Specifying the System Type468770
Node: Sharing Defaults469487
Node: Operation Controls470160
Node: Optional Features471118
Node: Reporting Bugs482337
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell483671
Node: GNU Free Documentation License500520
Node: Indexes525697
Node: Builtin Index526151
Node: Reserved Word Index533252
Node: Variable Index535700
Node: Function Index552834
Node: Concept Index566555
Node: Command Substitution96538
Node: Arithmetic Expansion100002
Node: Process Substitution100970
Node: Word Splitting102090
Node: Filename Expansion104138
Node: Pattern Matching107071
Node: Quote Removal112073
Node: Redirections112368
Node: Executing Commands122061
Node: Simple Command Expansion122731
Node: Command Search and Execution124841
Node: Command Execution Environment127228
Node: Environment130263
Node: Exit Status131926
Node: Signals133710
Node: Shell Scripts137159
Node: Shell Builtin Commands140186
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins142224
Node: Bash Builtins165360
Node: Modifying Shell Behavior197386
Node: The Set Builtin197731
Node: The Shopt Builtin208675
Node: Special Builtins224813
Node: Shell Variables225792
Node: Bourne Shell Variables226229
Node: Bash Variables228333
Node: Bash Features263290
Node: Invoking Bash264303
Node: Bash Startup Files270316
Node: Interactive Shells275447
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?275858
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?276507
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior277322
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions280951
Node: Shell Arithmetic285593
Node: Aliases288554
Node: Arrays291448
Node: The Directory Stack298011
Node: Directory Stack Builtins298795
Node: Controlling the Prompt303055
Node: The Restricted Shell306020
Node: Bash POSIX Mode308630
Node: Shell Compatibility Mode324773
Node: Job Control333017
Node: Job Control Basics333477
Node: Job Control Builtins338479
Node: Job Control Variables344274
Node: Command Line Editing345430
Node: Introduction and Notation347101
Node: Readline Interaction348724
Node: Readline Bare Essentials349915
Node: Readline Movement Commands351704
Node: Readline Killing Commands352664
Node: Readline Arguments354585
Node: Searching355629
Node: Readline Init File357815
Node: Readline Init File Syntax359076
Node: Conditional Init Constructs383101
Node: Sample Init File387297
Node: Bindable Readline Commands390421
Node: Commands For Moving391625
Node: Commands For History393676
Node: Commands For Text398670
Node: Commands For Killing402648
Node: Numeric Arguments405352
Node: Commands For Completion406491
Node: Keyboard Macros410682
Node: Miscellaneous Commands411370
Node: Readline vi Mode417408
Node: Programmable Completion418315
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins426095
Node: A Programmable Completion Example437215
Node: Using History Interactively442463
Node: Bash History Facilities443147
Node: Bash History Builtins446152
Node: History Interaction451176
Node: Event Designators454796
Node: Word Designators456150
Node: Modifiers457910
Node: Installing Bash459718
Node: Basic Installation460855
Node: Compilers and Options464577
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures465318
Node: Installation Names467010
Node: Specifying the System Type469119
Node: Sharing Defaults469836
Node: Operation Controls470509
Node: Optional Features471467
Node: Reporting Bugs482686
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell484020
Node: GNU Free Documentation License500869
Node: Indexes526046
Node: Builtin Index526500
Node: Reserved Word Index533601
Node: Variable Index536049
Node: Function Index553183
Node: Concept Index566904

End Tag Table
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Chapter 2 [1] [2]
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[131]
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@@ -344,13 +344,13 @@ extrm '[], `@texttt strict-posix-default[]@textrm '[], and
[177] [178] Appendix C [179]
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@@ -4772,8 +4772,9 @@ backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
The @option{-E} option disables the interpretation of these escape characters,
even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
The @code{xpg_echo} shell option may be used to
dynamically determine whether or not @code{echo} expands these
escape characters by default.
dynamically determine whether or not @code{echo}
interprets any options and
expands these escape characters by default.
@code{echo} does not interpret @option{--} to mean the end of options.
@code{echo} interprets the following escape sequences:
@@ -6074,6 +6075,9 @@ leaving them open when the command completes.
@item xpg_echo
If set, the @code{echo} builtin expands backslash-escape sequences
by default.
If the @code{posix} shell option (@pxref{The Set Builtin}) is also enabled,
@code{echo} does not
interpret any options.
@end table
@end table
doc/builtins.0
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@@ -521,10 +521,10 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
characters is enabled. The --EE option disables the interpreta-
tion of these escape characters, even on systems where they are
interpreted by default. The xxppgg__eecchhoo shell option may be used
to dynamically determine whether or not eecchhoo expands these es-
cape characters by default. eecchhoo does not interpret ---- to mean
the end of options. eecchhoo interprets the following escape se-
quences:
to dynamically determine whether or not eecchhoo interprets any op-
tions and expands these escape characters by default. eecchhoo does
not interpret ---- to mean the end of options. eecchhoo interprets
the following escape sequences:
\\aa alert (bell)
\\bb backspace
\\cc suppress further output
@@ -1705,32 +1705,33 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
xxppgg__eecchhoo
If set, the eecchhoo builtin expands backslash-escape se-
quences by default.
quences by default. If the ppoossiixx shell option is also
enabled, eecchhoo does not interpret any options.
ssuussppeenndd [--ff]
Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SSIIGGCCOONNTT
signal. A login shell, or a shell without job control enabled,
cannot be suspended; the --ff option can be used to override this
and force the suspension. The return status is 0 unless the
shell is a login shell or job control is not enabled and --ff is
Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SSIIGGCCOONNTT
signal. A login shell, or a shell without job control enabled,
cannot be suspended; the --ff option can be used to override this
and force the suspension. The return status is 0 unless the
shell is a login shell or job control is not enabled and --ff is
not supplied.
tteesstt _e_x_p_r
[[ _e_x_p_r ]]
Return a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on the evalu-
ation of the conditional expression _e_x_p_r. Each operator and op-
erand must be a separate argument. Expressions are composed of
the primaries described in _b_a_s_h_(_1_) under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESS--
erand must be a separate argument. Expressions are composed of
the primaries described in _b_a_s_h_(_1_) under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESS--
SSIIOONNSS. tteesstt does not accept any options, nor does it accept and
ignore an argument of ---- as signifying the end of options.
Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation de-
pends on the number of arguments; see below. Operator prece-
Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation de-
pends on the number of arguments; see below. Operator prece-
dence is used when there are five or more arguments.
!! _e_x_p_r True if _e_x_p_r is false.
(( _e_x_p_r ))
Returns the value of _e_x_p_r. This may be used to override
Returns the value of _e_x_p_r. This may be used to override
the normal precedence of operators.
_e_x_p_r_1 -aa _e_x_p_r_2
True if both _e_x_p_r_1 and _e_x_p_r_2 are true.
@@ -1747,161 +1748,161 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
null.
2 arguments
If the first argument is !!, the expression is true if and
only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed in
_b_a_s_h_(_1_) under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the expression is
only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed in
_b_a_s_h_(_1_) under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the expression is
true if the unary test is true. If the first argument is
not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is
false.
3 arguments
The following conditions are applied in the order listed.
If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
operators listed in _b_a_s_h_(_1_) under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESS--
SSIIOONNSS, the result of the expression is the result of the
binary test using the first and third arguments as oper-
ands. The --aa and --oo operators are considered binary op-
If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
operators listed in _b_a_s_h_(_1_) under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESS--
SSIIOONNSS, the result of the expression is the result of the
binary test using the first and third arguments as oper-
ands. The --aa and --oo operators are considered binary op-
erators when there are three arguments. If the first ar-
gument is !!, the value is the negation of the two-argu-
ment test using the second and third arguments. If the
gument is !!, the value is the negation of the two-argu-
ment test using the second and third arguments. If the
first argument is exactly (( and the third argument is ex-
actly )), the result is the one-argument test of the sec-
actly )), the result is the one-argument test of the sec-
ond argument. Otherwise, the expression is false.
4 arguments
The following conditions are applied in the order listed.
If the first argument is !!, the result is the negation of
the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
arguments. the two-argument test using the second and
third arguments. If the first argument is exactly (( and
the fourth argument is exactly )), the result is the two-
argument test of the second and third arguments. Other-
the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
arguments. the two-argument test using the second and
third arguments. If the first argument is exactly (( and
the fourth argument is exactly )), the result is the two-
argument test of the second and third arguments. Other-
wise, the expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
5 or more arguments
The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
If the shell is not in _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, when used with tteesstt or [[, the
<< and >> operators sort lexicographically using ASCII ordering.
When the shell is in _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, these operators sort using the
<< and >> operators sort lexicographically using ASCII ordering.
When the shell is in _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, these operators sort using the
current locale.
ttiimmeess Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
ttiimmeess Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
for processes run from the shell. The return status is 0.
ttrraapp [--llpp] [[_a_c_t_i_o_n] _s_i_g_s_p_e_c ...]
The _a_c_t_i_o_n is a command that is read and executed when the shell
receives signal(s) _s_i_g_s_p_e_c. If _a_c_t_i_o_n is absent (and there is a
single _s_i_g_s_p_e_c) or --, each specified signal is reset to its
original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
shell). If _a_c_t_i_o_n is the null string the signal specified by
each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in-
single _s_i_g_s_p_e_c) or --, each specified signal is reset to its
original disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the
shell). If _a_c_t_i_o_n is the null string the signal specified by
each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in-
vokes.
If no arguments are supplied, ttrraapp displays the actions associ-
If no arguments are supplied, ttrraapp displays the actions associ-
ated with each trapped signal as a set of ttrraapp commands that can
be reused as shell input to restore the current signal disposi-
tions. If --pp is given, and _a_c_t_i_o_n is not present, then ttrraapp
displays the actions associated with each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c or, if none
be reused as shell input to restore the current signal disposi-
tions. If --pp is given, and _a_c_t_i_o_n is not present, then ttrraapp
displays the actions associated with each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c or, if none
are supplied, for all trapped signals, as a set of ttrraapp commands
that can be reused as shell input to restore the current signal
dispositions. The --PP option behaves similarly, but displays
only the actions associated with each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c argument. --PP re-
quires at least one _s_i_g_s_p_e_c argument. The --PP or --pp options to
ttrraapp may be used in a subshell environment (e.g., command sub-
stitution) and, as long as they are used before ttrraapp is used to
change a signal's handling, will display the state of its par-
that can be reused as shell input to restore the current signal
dispositions. The --PP option behaves similarly, but displays
only the actions associated with each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c argument. --PP re-
quires at least one _s_i_g_s_p_e_c argument. The --PP or --pp options to
ttrraapp may be used in a subshell environment (e.g., command sub-
stitution) and, as long as they are used before ttrraapp is used to
change a signal's handling, will display the state of its par-
ent's traps.
The --ll option causes ttrraapp to print a list of signal names and
their corresponding numbers. Each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is either a signal
name defined in <_s_i_g_n_a_l_._h>, or a signal number. Signal names
The --ll option causes ttrraapp to print a list of signal names and
their corresponding numbers. Each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is either a signal
name defined in <_s_i_g_n_a_l_._h>, or a signal number. Signal names
are case insensitive and the SSIIGG prefix is optional.
If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EEXXIITT (0) the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is executed on exit
from the shell. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is DDEEBBUUGG, the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is
If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EEXXIITT (0) the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is executed on exit
from the shell. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is DDEEBBUUGG, the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is
executed before every _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, _f_o_r command, _c_a_s_e command,
_s_e_l_e_c_t command, (( arithmetic command, [[ conditional command,
_s_e_l_e_c_t command, (( arithmetic command, [[ conditional command,
arithmetic _f_o_r command, and before the first command executes in
a shell function (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR in _b_a_s_h_(_1_)). Refer to the
description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the sshhoopptt builtin for de-
tails of its effect on the DDEEBBUUGG trap. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is RREETTUURRNN,
the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is executed each time a shell function or a
script executed with the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins finishes execut-
a shell function (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR in _b_a_s_h_(_1_)). Refer to the
description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the sshhoopptt builtin for de-
tails of its effect on the DDEEBBUUGG trap. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is RREETTUURRNN,
the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is executed each time a shell function or a
script executed with the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins finishes execut-
ing.
If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EERRRR, the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is executed whenever a
If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EERRRR, the command _a_c_t_i_o_n is executed whenever a
pipeline (which may consist of a single simple command), a list,
or a compound command returns a non-zero exit status, subject to
the following conditions. The EERRRR trap is not executed if the
the following conditions. The EERRRR trap is not executed if the
failed command is part of the command list immediately following
a wwhhiillee or uunnttiill keyword, part of the test in an _i_f statement,
a wwhhiillee or uunnttiill keyword, part of the test in an _i_f statement,
part of a command executed in a &&&& or |||| list except the command
following the final &&&& or ||||, any command in a pipeline but the
last, or if the command's return value is being inverted using
following the final &&&& or ||||, any command in a pipeline but the
last, or if the command's return value is being inverted using
!!. These are the same conditions obeyed by the eerrrreexxiitt (--ee) op-
tion.
When the shell is not interactive, signals ignored upon entry to
the shell cannot be trapped or reset. Interactive shells permit
trapping signals ignored on entry. Trapped signals that are not
being ignored are reset to their original values in a subshell
or subshell environment when one is created. The return status
being ignored are reset to their original values in a subshell
or subshell environment when one is created. The return status
is false if any _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is invalid; otherwise ttrraapp returns true.
ttrruuee Does nothing, returns a 0 status.
ttyyppee [--aaffttppPP] _n_a_m_e [_n_a_m_e ...]
With no options, indicate how each _n_a_m_e would be interpreted if
With no options, indicate how each _n_a_m_e would be interpreted if
used as a command name. If the --tt option is used, ttyyppee prints a
string which is one of _a_l_i_a_s, _k_e_y_w_o_r_d, _f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n, _b_u_i_l_t_i_n, or
_f_i_l_e if _n_a_m_e is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
builtin, or executable disk file, respectively. If the _n_a_m_e is
not found, then nothing is printed, and ttyyppee returns a non-zero
exit status. If the --pp option is used, ttyyppee either returns the
name of the executable file that would be found by searching
$$PPAATTHH if _n_a_m_e were specified as a command name, or nothing if
``type -t name'' would not return _f_i_l_e. The --PP option forces a
PPAATTHH search for each _n_a_m_e, even if ``type -t name'' would not
string which is one of _a_l_i_a_s, _k_e_y_w_o_r_d, _f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n, _b_u_i_l_t_i_n, or
_f_i_l_e if _n_a_m_e is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
builtin, or executable disk file, respectively. If the _n_a_m_e is
not found, then nothing is printed, and ttyyppee returns a non-zero
exit status. If the --pp option is used, ttyyppee either returns the
name of the executable file that would be found by searching
$$PPAATTHH if _n_a_m_e were specified as a command name, or nothing if
``type -t name'' would not return _f_i_l_e. The --PP option forces a
PPAATTHH search for each _n_a_m_e, even if ``type -t name'' would not
return _f_i_l_e. If a command is hashed, --pp and --PP print the hashed
value, which is not necessarily the file that appears first in
PPAATTHH. If the --aa option is used, ttyyppee prints all of the places
that contain a command named _n_a_m_e. This includes aliases, re-
served words, functions, and builtins, but the path search op-
value, which is not necessarily the file that appears first in
PPAATTHH. If the --aa option is used, ttyyppee prints all of the places
that contain a command named _n_a_m_e. This includes aliases, re-
served words, functions, and builtins, but the path search op-
tions (--pp and --PP) can be supplied to restrict the output to exe-
cutable files. ttyyppee does not consult the table of hashed com-
cutable files. ttyyppee does not consult the table of hashed com-
mands when using --aa with --pp, and only performs a PPAATTHH search for
_n_a_m_e. The --ff option suppresses shell function lookup, as with
the ccoommmmaanndd builtin. ttyyppee returns true if all of the arguments
_n_a_m_e. The --ff option suppresses shell function lookup, as with
the ccoommmmaanndd builtin. ttyyppee returns true if all of the arguments
are found, false if any are not found.
uulliimmiitt [--HHSS] --aa
uulliimmiitt [--HHSS] [--bbccddeeffiikkllmmnnppqqrrssttuuvvxxPPRRTT [_l_i_m_i_t]]
Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
The --HH and --SS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set
for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
to the value of the hard limit. If neither --HH nor --SS is speci-
for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
to the value of the hard limit. If neither --HH nor --SS is speci-
fied, both the soft and hard limits are set. The value of _l_i_m_i_t
can be a number in the unit specified for the resource or one of
the special values hhaarrdd, ssoofftt, or uunnlliimmiitteedd, which stand for the
current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit, re-
spectively. If _l_i_m_i_t is omitted, the current value of the soft
current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit, re-
spectively. If _l_i_m_i_t is omitted, the current value of the soft
limit of the resource is printed, unless the --HH option is given.
When more than one resource is specified, the limit name and
unit, if appropriate, are printed before the value. Other op-
When more than one resource is specified, the limit name and
unit, if appropriate, are printed before the value. Other op-
tions are interpreted as follows:
--aa All current limits are reported; no limits are set
--bb The maximum socket buffer size
--cc The maximum size of core files created
--dd The maximum size of a process's data segment
--ee The maximum scheduling priority ("nice")
--ff The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
--ff The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
children
--ii The maximum number of pending signals
--kk The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated
--ll The maximum size that may be locked into memory
--mm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor
--mm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor
this limit)
--nn The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems
do not allow this value to be set)
@@ -1910,134 +1911,134 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
--rr The maximum real-time scheduling priority
--ss The maximum stack size
--tt The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds
--uu The maximum number of processes available to a single
--uu The maximum number of processes available to a single
user
--vv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
--vv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
shell and, on some systems, to its children
--xx The maximum number of file locks
--PP The maximum number of pseudoterminals
--RR The maximum time a real-time process can run before
--RR The maximum time a real-time process can run before
blocking, in microseconds
--TT The maximum number of threads
If _l_i_m_i_t is given, and the --aa option is not used, _l_i_m_i_t is the
new value of the specified resource. If no option is given,
then --ff is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except
for --tt, which is in seconds; --RR, which is in microseconds; --pp,
which is in units of 512-byte blocks; --PP, --TT, --bb, --kk, --nn, and
--uu, which are unscaled values; and, when in posix mode, --cc and
--ff, which are in 512-byte increments. The return status is 0
unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error
If _l_i_m_i_t is given, and the --aa option is not used, _l_i_m_i_t is the
new value of the specified resource. If no option is given,
then --ff is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except
for --tt, which is in seconds; --RR, which is in microseconds; --pp,
which is in units of 512-byte blocks; --PP, --TT, --bb, --kk, --nn, and
--uu, which are unscaled values; and, when in posix mode, --cc and
--ff, which are in 512-byte increments. The return status is 0
unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error
occurs while setting a new limit.
uummaasskk [--pp] [--SS] [_m_o_d_e]
The user file-creation mask is set to _m_o_d_e. If _m_o_d_e begins with
a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
_c_h_m_o_d(1). If _m_o_d_e is omitted, the current value of the mask is
printed. The --SS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the --pp
a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
_c_h_m_o_d(1). If _m_o_d_e is omitted, the current value of the mask is
printed. The --SS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the --pp
option is supplied, and _m_o_d_e is omitted, the output is in a form
that may be reused as input. The return status is 0 if the mode
was successfully changed or if no _m_o_d_e argument was supplied,
was successfully changed or if no _m_o_d_e argument was supplied,
and false otherwise.
uunnaalliiaass [-aa] [_n_a_m_e ...]
Remove each _n_a_m_e from the list of defined aliases. If --aa is
supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
Remove each _n_a_m_e from the list of defined aliases. If --aa is
supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
is true unless a supplied _n_a_m_e is not a defined alias.
uunnsseett [-ffvv] [-nn] [_n_a_m_e ...]
For each _n_a_m_e, remove the corresponding variable or function.
For each _n_a_m_e, remove the corresponding variable or function.
If the --vv option is given, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell variable,
and that variable is removed. Read-only variables may not be
unset. If --ff is specified, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell func-
tion, and the function definition is removed. If the --nn option
is supplied, and _n_a_m_e is a variable with the _n_a_m_e_r_e_f attribute,
_n_a_m_e will be unset rather than the variable it references. --nn
has no effect if the --ff option is supplied. If no options are
supplied, each _n_a_m_e refers to a variable; if there is no vari-
able by that name, a function with that name, if any, is unset.
Each unset variable or function is removed from the environment
passed to subsequent commands. If any of BBAASSHH__AALLIIAASSEESS,
and that variable is removed. Read-only variables may not be
unset. If --ff is specified, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell func-
tion, and the function definition is removed. If the --nn option
is supplied, and _n_a_m_e is a variable with the _n_a_m_e_r_e_f attribute,
_n_a_m_e will be unset rather than the variable it references. --nn
has no effect if the --ff option is supplied. If no options are
supplied, each _n_a_m_e refers to a variable; if there is no vari-
able by that name, a function with that name, if any, is unset.
Each unset variable or function is removed from the environment
passed to subsequent commands. If any of BBAASSHH__AALLIIAASSEESS,
BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV00, BBAASSHH__CCMMDDSS, BBAASSHH__CCOOMMMMAANNDD, BBAASSHH__SSUUBBSSHHEELLLL, BBAASSHHPPIIDD,
CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS, DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK, EEPPOOCCHHRREEAALLTTIIMMEE, EEPPOOCCHHSSEECCOONNDDSS, FFUUNNCC--
NNAAMMEE, GGRROOUUPPSS, HHIISSTTCCMMDD, LLIINNEENNOO, RRAANNDDOOMM, SSEECCOONNDDSS, or SSRRAANNDDOOMM are
CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS, DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK, EEPPOOCCHHRREEAALLTTIIMMEE, EEPPOOCCHHSSEECCOONNDDSS, FFUUNNCC--
NNAAMMEE, GGRROOUUPPSS, HHIISSTTCCMMDD, LLIINNEENNOO, RRAANNDDOOMM, SSEECCOONNDDSS, or SSRRAANNDDOOMM are
unset, they lose their special properties, even if they are sub-
sequently reset. The exit status is true unless a _n_a_m_e is read-
only or may not be unset.
wwaaiitt [--ffnn] [--pp _v_a_r_n_a_m_e] [_i_d _._._.]
Wait for each specified child process and return its termination
status. Each _i_d may be a process ID or a job specification; if
a job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are
waited for. If _i_d is not given, wwaaiitt waits for all running
background jobs and the last-executed process substitution, if
status. Each _i_d may be a process ID or a job specification; if
a job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are
waited for. If _i_d is not given, wwaaiitt waits for all running
background jobs and the last-executed process substitution, if
its process id is the same as $$!!, and the return status is zero.
If the --nn option is supplied, wwaaiitt waits for a single job from
If the --nn option is supplied, wwaaiitt waits for a single job from
the list of _i_ds or, if no _i_ds are supplied, any job, to complete
and returns its exit status. If none of the supplied arguments
and returns its exit status. If none of the supplied arguments
is a child of the shell, or if no arguments are supplied and the
shell has no unwaited-for children, the exit status is 127. If
the --pp option is supplied, the process or job identifier of the
job for which the exit status is returned is assigned to the
variable _v_a_r_n_a_m_e named by the option argument. The variable
will be unset initially, before any assignment. This is useful
only when the --nn option is supplied. Supplying the --ff option,
when job control is enabled, forces wwaaiitt to wait for _i_d to ter-
shell has no unwaited-for children, the exit status is 127. If
the --pp option is supplied, the process or job identifier of the
job for which the exit status is returned is assigned to the
variable _v_a_r_n_a_m_e named by the option argument. The variable
will be unset initially, before any assignment. This is useful
only when the --nn option is supplied. Supplying the --ff option,
when job control is enabled, forces wwaaiitt to wait for _i_d to ter-
minate before returning its status, instead of returning when it
changes status. If _i_d specifies a non-existent process or job,
the return status is 127. If wwaaiitt is interrupted by a signal,
the return status will be greater than 128, as described under
SSIIGGNNAALLSS in _b_a_s_h_(_1_). Otherwise, the return status is the exit
changes status. If _i_d specifies a non-existent process or job,
the return status is 127. If wwaaiitt is interrupted by a signal,
the return status will be greater than 128, as described under
SSIIGGNNAALLSS in _b_a_s_h_(_1_). Otherwise, the return status is the exit
status of the last process or job waited for.
SSHHEELLLL CCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY MMOODDEE
Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a _s_h_e_l_l _c_o_m_p_a_t_i_b_i_l_i_t_y _l_e_v_e_l, speci-
fied as a set of options to the shopt builtin ( ccoommppaatt3311, ccoommppaatt3322,
ccoommppaatt4400, ccoommppaatt4411, and so on). There is only one current compatibil-
ity level -- each option is mutually exclusive. The compatibility
level is intended to allow users to select behavior from previous ver-
sions that is incompatible with newer versions while they migrate
scripts to use current features and behavior. It's intended to be a
Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a _s_h_e_l_l _c_o_m_p_a_t_i_b_i_l_i_t_y _l_e_v_e_l, speci-
fied as a set of options to the shopt builtin ( ccoommppaatt3311, ccoommppaatt3322,
ccoommppaatt4400, ccoommppaatt4411, and so on). There is only one current compatibil-
ity level -- each option is mutually exclusive. The compatibility
level is intended to allow users to select behavior from previous ver-
sions that is incompatible with newer versions while they migrate
scripts to use current features and behavior. It's intended to be a
temporary solution.
This section does not mention behavior that is standard for a particu-
lar version (e.g., setting ccoommppaatt3322 means that quoting the rhs of the
regexp matching operator quotes special regexp characters in the word,
This section does not mention behavior that is standard for a particu-
lar version (e.g., setting ccoommppaatt3322 means that quoting the rhs of the
regexp matching operator quotes special regexp characters in the word,
which is default behavior in bash-3.2 and subsequent versions).
If a user enables, say, ccoommppaatt3322, it may affect the behavior of other
compatibility levels up to and including the current compatibility
level. The idea is that each compatibility level controls behavior
that changed in that version of bbaasshh, but that behavior may have been
present in earlier versions. For instance, the change to use locale-
based comparisons with the [[[[ command came in bash-4.1, and earlier
If a user enables, say, ccoommppaatt3322, it may affect the behavior of other
compatibility levels up to and including the current compatibility
level. The idea is that each compatibility level controls behavior
that changed in that version of bbaasshh, but that behavior may have been
present in earlier versions. For instance, the change to use locale-
based comparisons with the [[[[ command came in bash-4.1, and earlier
versions used ASCII-based comparisons, so enabling ccoommppaatt3322 will enable
ASCII-based comparisons as well. That granularity may not be suffi-
cient for all uses, and as a result users should employ compatibility
levels carefully. Read the documentation for a particular feature to
ASCII-based comparisons as well. That granularity may not be suffi-
cient for all uses, and as a result users should employ compatibility
levels carefully. Read the documentation for a particular feature to
find out the current behavior.
Bash-4.3 introduced a new shell variable: BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT. The value as-
Bash-4.3 introduced a new shell variable: BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT. The value as-
signed to this variable (a decimal version number like 4.2, or an inte-
ger corresponding to the ccoommppaatt_N_N option, like 42) determines the com-
ger corresponding to the ccoommppaatt_N_N option, like 42) determines the com-
patibility level.
Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has begun deprecating older compatibility
levels. Eventually, the options will be removed in favor of BBAASSHH__CCOOMM--
Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has begun deprecating older compatibility
levels. Eventually, the options will be removed in favor of BBAASSHH__CCOOMM--
PPAATT.
Bash-5.0 is the final version for which there will be an individual
shopt option for the previous version. Users should use BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT on
Bash-5.0 is the final version for which there will be an individual
shopt option for the previous version. Users should use BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT on
bash-5.0 and later versions.
The following table describes the behavior changes controlled by each
The following table describes the behavior changes controlled by each
compatibility level setting. The ccoommppaatt_N_N tag is used as shorthand for
setting the compatibility level to _N_N using one of the following mecha-
nisms. For versions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility level may be
set using the corresponding ccoommppaatt_N_N shopt option. For bash-4.3 and
later versions, the BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT variable is preferred, and it is re-
nisms. For versions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility level may be
set using the corresponding ccoommppaatt_N_N shopt option. For bash-4.3 and
later versions, the BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT variable is preferred, and it is re-
quired for bash-5.1 and later versions.
ccoommppaatt3311
@@ -2045,85 +2046,85 @@ SSHHEELLLL CCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY MMOODDEE
ator (=~) has no special effect
ccoommppaatt3322
+o interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes
the execution of the next command in the list (in
bash-4.0 and later versions, the shell acts as if it re-
ceived the interrupt, so interrupting one command in a
+o interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes
the execution of the next command in the list (in
bash-4.0 and later versions, the shell acts as if it re-
ceived the interrupt, so interrupting one command in a
list aborts the execution of the entire list)
ccoommppaatt4400
+o the << and >> operators to the [[[[ command do not consider
+o the << and >> operators to the [[[[ command do not consider
the current locale when comparing strings; they use ASCII
ordering. Bash versions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII col-
lation and _s_t_r_c_m_p(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current
lation and _s_t_r_c_m_p(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current
locale's collation sequence and _s_t_r_c_o_l_l(3).
ccoommppaatt4411
+o in _p_o_s_i_x mode, ttiimmee may be followed by options and still
+o in _p_o_s_i_x mode, ttiimmee may be followed by options and still
be recognized as a reserved word (this is POSIX interpre-
tation 267)
+o in _p_o_s_i_x mode, the parser requires that an even number of
single quotes occur in the _w_o_r_d portion of a double-
quoted parameter expansion and treats them specially, so
that characters within the single quotes are considered
single quotes occur in the _w_o_r_d portion of a double-
quoted parameter expansion and treats them specially, so
that characters within the single quotes are considered
quoted (this is POSIX interpretation 221)
ccoommppaatt4422
+o the replacement string in double-quoted pattern substitu-
tion does not undergo quote removal, as it does in ver-
tion does not undergo quote removal, as it does in ver-
sions after bash-4.2
+o in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when
expanding the _w_o_r_d portion of a double-quoted parameter
expansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or
other special character (this is part of POSIX interpre-
tation 221); in later versions, single quotes are not
+o in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when
expanding the _w_o_r_d portion of a double-quoted parameter
expansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or
other special character (this is part of POSIX interpre-
tation 221); in later versions, single quotes are not
special within double-quoted word expansions
ccoommppaatt4433
+o the shell does not print a warning message if an attempt
is made to use a quoted compound assignment as an argu-
ment to declare (e.g., declare -a foo='(1 2)'). Later
+o the shell does not print a warning message if an attempt
is made to use a quoted compound assignment as an argu-
ment to declare (e.g., declare -a foo='(1 2)'). Later
versions warn that this usage is deprecated
+o word expansion errors are considered non-fatal errors
that cause the current command to fail, even in posix
mode (the default behavior is to make them fatal errors
+o word expansion errors are considered non-fatal errors
that cause the current command to fail, even in posix
mode (the default behavior is to make them fatal errors
that cause the shell to exit)
+o when executing a shell function, the loop state
+o when executing a shell function, the loop state
(while/until/etc.) is not reset, so bbrreeaakk or ccoonnttiinnuuee in
that function will break or continue loops in the calling
context. Bash-4.4 and later reset the loop state to pre-
context. Bash-4.4 and later reset the loop state to pre-
vent this
ccoommppaatt4444
+o the shell sets up the values used by BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV and
BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC so they can expand to the shell's positional
+o the shell sets up the values used by BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV and
BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC so they can expand to the shell's positional
parameters even if extended debugging mode is not enabled
+o a subshell inherits loops from its parent context, so
bbrreeaakk or ccoonnttiinnuuee will cause the subshell to exit.
Bash-5.0 and later reset the loop state to prevent the
+o a subshell inherits loops from its parent context, so
bbrreeaakk or ccoonnttiinnuuee will cause the subshell to exit.
Bash-5.0 and later reset the loop state to prevent the
exit
+o variable assignments preceding builtins like eexxppoorrtt and
+o variable assignments preceding builtins like eexxppoorrtt and
rreeaaddoonnllyy that set attributes continue to affect variables
with the same name in the calling environment even if the
shell is not in posix mode
ccoommppaatt5500
+o Bash-5.1 changed the way $$RRAANNDDOOMM is generated to intro-
+o Bash-5.1 changed the way $$RRAANNDDOOMM is generated to intro-
duce slightly more randomness. If the shell compatibility
level is set to 50 or lower, it reverts to the method
from bash-5.0 and previous versions, so seeding the ran-
dom number generator by assigning a value to RRAANNDDOOMM will
level is set to 50 or lower, it reverts to the method
from bash-5.0 and previous versions, so seeding the ran-
dom number generator by assigning a value to RRAANNDDOOMM will
produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0
+o If the command hash table is empty, bash versions prior
to bash-5.1 printed an informational message to that ef-
fect, even when producing output that can be reused as
input. Bash-5.1 suppresses that message when the --ll op-
+o If the command hash table is empty, bash versions prior
to bash-5.1 printed an informational message to that ef-
fect, even when producing output that can be reused as
input. Bash-5.1 suppresses that message when the --ll op-
tion is supplied.
ccoommppaatt5511
+o The uunnsseett builtin treats attempts to unset array sub-
scripts @@ and ** differently depending on whether the ar-
ray is indexed or associative, and differently than in
+o The uunnsseett builtin treats attempts to unset array sub-
scripts @@ and ** differently depending on whether the ar-
ray is indexed or associative, and differently than in
previous versions.
SSEEEE AALLSSOO
doc/version.texi
+2 -2
View File
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
Copyright (C) 1988-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@end ignore
@set LASTCHANGE Wed Jul 19 14:23:20 EDT 2023
@set LASTCHANGE Wed Jul 26 09:57:28 EDT 2023
@set EDITION 5.3
@set VERSION 5.3
@set UPDATED 19 July 2023
@set UPDATED 26 July 2023
@set UPDATED-MONTH July 2023
lib/readline/doc/history.3
+11 -11
View File
@@ -119,13 +119,13 @@ is followed immediately by a newline.
If \fIstring\fP is missing, the string from the most recent search is used;
it is an error if there is no previous search string.
.TP
.B \d\s+2^\s-2\u\fIstring1\fP\d\s+2^\s-2\u\fIstring2\fP\d\s+2^\s-2\u
.B \d\s+2\(ha\s-2\u\fIstring1\fP\d\s+2\(ha\s-2\u\fIstring2\fP\d\s+2\(ha\s-2\u
Quick substitution. Repeat the last command, replacing
.I string1
with
.IR string2 .
Equivalent to
``!!:s\d\s+2^\s-2\u\fIstring1\fP\d\s+2^\s-2\u\fIstring2\fP\d\s+2^\s-2\u''
``!!:s\d\s+2\(ha\s-2\u\fIstring1\fP\d\s+2\(ha\s-2\u\fIstring2\fP\d\s+2\(ha\s-2\u''
(see \fBModifiers\fP below).
.TP
.B !#
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ A
.B :
separates the event specification from the word designator.
It may be omitted if the word designator begins with a
.BR ^ ,
.BR \(ha ,
.BR $ ,
.BR * ,
.BR \- ,
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ word.
.I n
The \fIn\fRth word.
.TP
.B ^
.B \(ha
The first argument. That is, word 1.
.TP
.B $
@@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ This section documents the functions for managing a history file.
.Fn1 int read_history "const char *filename"
Add the contents of \fIfilename\fP to the history list, a line at a time.
If \fIfilename\fP is \fBNULL\fP, then read from \fI~/.history\fP.
If \fIfilename\fP is \fBNULL\fP, then read from \fI\(ti/.history\fP.
Returns 0 if successful, or \fBerrno\fP if not.
.Fn3 int read_history_range "const char *filename" "int from" "int to"
@@ -505,25 +505,25 @@ Read a range of lines from \fIfilename\fP, adding them to the history list.
Start reading at line \fIfrom\fP and end at \fIto\fP.
If \fIfrom\fP is zero, start at the beginning. If \fIto\fP is less than
\fIfrom\fP, then read until the end of the file. If \fIfilename\fP is
\fBNULL\fP, then read from \fI~/.history\fP. Returns 0 if successful,
\fBNULL\fP, then read from \fI\(ti/.history\fP. Returns 0 if successful,
or \fBerrno\fP if not.
.Fn1 int write_history "const char *filename"
Write the current history to \fIfilename\fP, overwriting \fIfilename\fP
if necessary.
If \fIfilename\fP is \fBNULL\fP, then write the history list to \fI~/.history\fP.
If \fIfilename\fP is \fBNULL\fP, then write the history list to \fI\(ti/.history\fP.
Returns 0 on success, or \fBerrno\fP on a read or write error.
.Fn2 int append_history "int nelements" "const char *filename"
Append the last \fInelements\fP of the history list to \fIfilename\fP.
If \fIfilename\fP is \fBNULL\fP, then append to \fI~/.history\fP.
If \fIfilename\fP is \fBNULL\fP, then append to \fI\(ti/.history\fP.
Returns 0 on success, or \fBerrno\fP on a read or write error.
.Fn2 int history_truncate_file "const char *filename" "int nlines"
Truncate the history file \fIfilename\fP, leaving only the last
\fInlines\fP lines.
If \fIfilename\fP is \fBNULL\fP, then \fI~/.history\fP is truncated.
If \fIfilename\fP is \fBNULL\fP, then \fI\(ti/.history\fP is truncated.
Returns 0 on success, or \fBerrno\fP on failure.
.SS History Expansion
@@ -604,7 +604,7 @@ Setting this to 0 inhibits history expansion.
.Vb char history_subst_char
The character that invokes word substitution if found at the start of
a line. The default is \fB^\fP.
a line. The default is \fB\(ha\fP.
.Vb char history_comment_char
During tokenization, if this character is seen as the first character
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ By default, this variable is set to \fBNULL\fP.
.SH FILES
.PD 0
.TP
.FN ~/.history
.FN \(ti/.history
Default filename for reading and writing saved history
.PD
.SH "SEE ALSO"
lib/readline/doc/readline.3
+10 -10
View File
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ file (the \fIinputrc\fP file).
The name of this file is taken from the value of the
.B INPUTRC
environment variable. If that variable is unset, the default is
.IR ~/.inputrc .
.IR \(ti/.inputrc .
If that file does not exist or cannot be read, the ultimate default is
.IR /etc/inputrc .
When a program which uses the readline library starts up, the
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ are not recognized.
.br
"\eC\-x\eC\-r": re\-read\-init\-file
.br
"\ee[11~": "Function Key 1"
"\ee[11\(ti": "Function Key 1"
.RE
.PP
In this example,
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ is again bound to the function
is bound to the function
.BR re\-read\-init\-file ,
and
.I "ESC [ 1 1 ~"
.I "ESC [ 1 1 \(ti"
is bound to insert the text
.if t \f(CWFunction Key 1\fP.
.if n ``Function Key 1''.
@@ -1156,7 +1156,7 @@ The actual completion performed is application-specific.
.BR Bash ,
for instance, attempts completion treating the text as a variable
(if the text begins with \fB$\fP), username (if the text begins with
\fB~\fP), hostname (if the text begins with \fB@\fP), or
\fB\(ti\fP), hostname (if the text begins with \fB@\fP), or
command (including aliases and functions) in turn. If none
of these produces a match, filename completion is attempted.
.BR Gdb ,
@@ -1388,7 +1388,7 @@ Emacs Standard bindings
"C-_" undo
"\^ " to "/" self-insert
"0" to "9" self-insert
":" to "~" self-insert
":" to "\(ti" self-insert
"C-?" backward-delete-char
.PP
Emacs Meta bindings
@@ -1435,7 +1435,7 @@ Emacs Meta bindings
"M-U" upcase-word
"M-Y" yank-pop
"M-\e" delete-horizontal-space
"M-~" tilde-expand
"M-\(ti" tilde-expand
"M-C-?" backward-kill-word
"M-_" yank-last-arg
.PP
@@ -1473,7 +1473,7 @@ VI Insert Mode functions
"C-Y" yank
"C-[" vi-movement-mode
"C-_" undo
"\^ " to "~" self-insert
"\^ " to "\(ti" self-insert
"C-?" backward-delete-char
.PP
VI Command Mode functions
@@ -1531,7 +1531,7 @@ VI Command Mode functions
"X" backward-delete-char
"Y" vi-yank-to
"\e" vi-complete
"^" vi-first-print
"\(ha" vi-first-print
"_" vi-yank-arg
"`" vi-goto-mark
"a" vi-append-mode
@@ -1556,7 +1556,7 @@ VI Command Mode functions
"x" vi-delete
"y" vi-yank-to
"|" vi-column
"~" vi-change-case
"\(ti" vi-change-case
.RE
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.PD 0
@@ -1570,7 +1570,7 @@ VI Command Mode functions
.SH FILES
.PD 0
.TP
.FN ~/.inputrc
.FN \(ti/.inputrc
Individual \fBreadline\fP initialization file
.PD
.SH AUTHORS
make_cmd.c
+4 -4
View File
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ make_cond_command (COND_COM *cond_node)
}
COMMAND *
make_bare_simple_command (void)
make_bare_simple_command (int line)
{
COMMAND *command;
SIMPLE_COM *temp;
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ make_bare_simple_command (void)
command->value.Simple = temp = (SIMPLE_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (SIMPLE_COM));
temp->flags = 0;
temp->line = line_number;
temp->line = line;
temp->words = (WORD_LIST *)NULL;
temp->redirects = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
@@ -472,14 +472,14 @@ make_bare_simple_command (void)
/* Return a command which is the connection of the word or redirection
in ELEMENT, and the command * or NULL in COMMAND. */
COMMAND *
make_simple_command (ELEMENT element, COMMAND *command)
make_simple_command (ELEMENT element, COMMAND *command, int line)
{
/* If we are starting from scratch, then make the initial command
structure. Also note that we have to fill in all the slots, since
malloc doesn't return zeroed space. */
if (command == 0)
{
command = make_bare_simple_command ();
command = make_bare_simple_command (line);
parser_state |= PST_REDIRLIST;
}
make_cmd.h
+2 -2
View File
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ extern PATTERN_LIST *make_pattern_list (WORD_LIST *, COMMAND *);
extern COMMAND *make_if_command (COMMAND *, COMMAND *, COMMAND *);
extern COMMAND *make_while_command (COMMAND *, COMMAND *);
extern COMMAND *make_until_command (COMMAND *, COMMAND *);
extern COMMAND *make_bare_simple_command (void);
extern COMMAND *make_simple_command (ELEMENT, COMMAND *);
extern COMMAND *make_bare_simple_command (int);
extern COMMAND *make_simple_command (ELEMENT, COMMAND *, int);
extern void make_here_document (REDIRECT *, int);
extern REDIRECT *make_redirection (REDIRECTEE, enum r_instruction, REDIRECTEE, int);
extern COMMAND *make_function_def (WORD_DESC *, COMMAND *, int, int);
parse.y
+29 -8
View File
@@ -310,6 +310,9 @@ static int shell_input_line_terminator;
shell_ungetc when we're at the start of a line. */
static int eol_ungetc_lookahead = 0;
static int simplecmd_lineno = -1;
static int save_simple_lineno = -1;
/* The line number in a script on which a function definition starts. */
static int function_dstart;
static int save_dstart = -1;
@@ -791,7 +794,11 @@ simple_command_element: WORD
| ASSIGNMENT_WORD
{ $$.word = $1; $$.redirect = 0; }
| redirection
{ $$.redirect = $1; $$.word = 0; }
{
if (simplecmd_lineno == -1)
simplecmd_lineno = line_number; /* XXX */
$$.redirect = $1; $$.word = 0;
}
;
redirection_list: redirection
@@ -810,13 +817,13 @@ redirection_list: redirection
;
simple_command: simple_command_element
{ $$ = make_simple_command ($1, (COMMAND *)NULL); }
{ $$ = make_simple_command ($1, (COMMAND *)NULL, simplecmd_lineno); }
| simple_command simple_command_element
{ $$ = make_simple_command ($2, $1); }
{ $$ = make_simple_command ($2, $1, line_number); }
;
command: simple_command
{ $$ = clean_simple_command ($1); }
{ $$ = clean_simple_command ($1); simplecmd_lineno = -1; }
| shell_command
{ $$ = $1; }
| shell_command redirection_list
@@ -999,7 +1006,7 @@ case_command: CASE WORD newline_list IN newline_list ESAC
;
function_def: WORD '(' ')' newline_list function_body
{ $$ = make_function_def ($1, $5, function_dstart, function_bstart); function_dstart = save_dstart; }
{ $$ = make_function_def ($1, $5, function_dstart, function_bstart); function_dstart = save_dstart; simplecmd_lineno = -1; }
| FUNCTION WORD '(' ')' newline_list function_body
{ $$ = make_function_def ($2, $6, function_dstart, function_bstart); function_dstart = save_dstart; }
| FUNCTION WORD function_body
@@ -1362,7 +1369,7 @@ pipeline_command: pipeline
terminate this, one to terminate the command) */
x.word = 0;
x.redirect = 0;
$$ = make_simple_command (x, (COMMAND *)NULL);
$$ = make_simple_command (x, (COMMAND *)NULL, line_number);
$$->flags |= $1;
/* XXX - let's cheat and push a newline back */
if ($2 == '\n')
@@ -1383,7 +1390,7 @@ pipeline_command: pipeline
terminate this, one to terminate the command) */
x.word = 0;
x.redirect = 0;
$$ = make_simple_command (x, (COMMAND *)NULL);
$$ = make_simple_command (x, (COMMAND *)NULL, line_number);
$$->flags |= CMD_INVERT_RETURN;
/* XXX - let's cheat and push a newline back */
if ($2 == '\n')
@@ -3404,6 +3411,8 @@ reset_parser (void)
redir_stack[0] = 0;
esacs_needed_count = expecting_in_token = 0;
simplecmd_lineno = line_number;
current_token = '\n'; /* XXX */
last_read_token = '\n';
token_to_read = '\n';
@@ -4315,7 +4324,8 @@ static char *
parse_comsub (int qc, int open, int close, size_t *lenp, int flags)
{
int peekc, r;
int start_lineno, dolbrace_spec, local_extglob, was_extpat;
int dolbrace_spec, local_extglob, was_extpat;
int start_lineno, save_lineno;
int was_word, was_newline, was_semi, was_amp;
char *ret, *tcmd;
size_t retlen;
@@ -4357,6 +4367,7 @@ parse_comsub (int qc, int open, int close, size_t *lenp, int flags)
/*debug_parser(1);*/
start_lineno = line_number;
save_lineno = simplecmd_lineno;
save_parser_state (&ps);
@@ -4482,6 +4493,8 @@ INTERNAL_DEBUG(("current_token (%d) != shell_eof_token (%c)", current_token, she
restore_parser_state (&ps);
pushed_string_list = saved_strings;
simplecmd_lineno = save_lineno;
tcmd = print_comsub (parsed_command); /* returns static memory */
retlen = strlen (tcmd);
if (open == '(') /* ) */
@@ -4541,12 +4554,14 @@ xparse_dolparen (const char *base, char *string, int *indp, int flags)
sh_parser_state_t ps;
sh_input_line_state_t ls;
int orig_ind, nc, sflags, start_lineno, local_extglob, funsub, closer;
int save_lineno;
char *ret, *ep, *ostring;
/*debug_parser(1);*/
orig_ind = *indp;
ostring = string;
start_lineno = line_number;
save_lineno = simplecmd_lineno;
if (*string == 0)
{
@@ -4613,6 +4628,8 @@ xparse_dolparen (const char *base, char *string, int *indp, int flags)
#endif
token_to_read = 0;
simplecmd_lineno = save_lineno;
/* If parse_string returns < 0, we need to jump to top level with the
negative of the return value. We abandon the rest of this input line
first */
@@ -5682,6 +5699,10 @@ got_token:
result = ((the_word->flags & (W_ASSIGNMENT|W_NOSPLIT)) == (W_ASSIGNMENT|W_NOSPLIT))
? ASSIGNMENT_WORD : WORD;
/* Are we potentially starting a simple command? */
if (command_token_position (last_read_token))
simplecmd_lineno = line_number;
switch (last_read_token)
{
case FUNCTION:
tests/comsub.right
+1 -1
View File
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
./comsub.tests: line 20: hijkl: command not found
./comsub.tests: line 19: hijkl: command not found
argv[1] = <ab>
argv[2] = <cd>
argv[1] = <abmn>
tests/comsub2.right
+2 -2
View File
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ aa,bb
JOBaa bb cc ddCONTROL
./comsub2.tests: line 68: p: command not found
NOTFOUND
./comsub2.tests: line 79: p: command not found
./comsub2.tests: line 79: p: command not found
./comsub2.tests: line 75: p: command not found
./comsub2.tests: line 75: p: command not found
expand_aliases off
expand_aliases off
outside:
tests/heredoc.right
+2 -2
View File
@@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ argv[3] = <ve>
foo bar
./heredoc7.sub: line 21: after: command not found
./heredoc7.sub: line 29: warning: here-document at line 29 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
./heredoc7.sub: line 29: foobar: command not found
./heredoc7.sub: line 30: EOF: command not found
./heredoc7.sub: line 26: foobar: command not found
./heredoc7.sub: line 27: EOF: command not found
grep: *.c: No such file or directory
foo ()
{