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implementation of printf '%N$' numbered argument conversion specifier, compatible with coreutils

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This commit is contained in:
Chet Ramey
2025-12-05 15:50:38 -05:00
parent 5a104e96d8
commit f27bf94a79
29 changed files with 2012 additions and 1428 deletions
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CWRU/CWRU.chlog
+16
View File
@@ -12311,3 +12311,19 @@ execute_cmd.c
- execute_in_subshell: clear the exit trap before checking for a
pending fatal signal
From https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?67745
12/2
----
builtins/printf.def
- import %N$ specifier implementation from printf-nspecifier branch;
implementation is similar to coreutils'.
- we warn about mixing numbered and unnumbered format specifiers in
posix mode
- getint: now takes second argument to deal with numbered specifiers
- getstar: new function to get precision and fieldwidth from argument
list if `*' in format specifier, handling numbered arguments
- narg, nptr: we build a new format string as necessary
Originally from https://savannah.gnu.org/support/?111166, also
discussed in thread starting with
https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-bash/2025-02/msg00151.html
MANIFEST
+1
View File
@@ -1442,6 +1442,7 @@ tests/printf4.sub f
tests/printf5.sub f
tests/printf6.sub f
tests/printf7.sub f
tests/printf8.sub f
tests/procsub.tests f
tests/procsub.right f
tests/procsub1.sub f
builtins/printf.def
+270 -26
View File
@@ -100,6 +100,8 @@ extern int errno;
{ \
QUIT; \
retval = value; \
if (narg_argc != -1) \
free (narg_argv); \
if (conv_bufsize > 4096 ) \
{ \
free (conv_buf); \
@@ -178,6 +180,10 @@ extern int errno;
#define LENMODS "hjlLtz"
#define DIGITS "0123456789"
#ifndef NL_ARGMAX
# define NL_ARGMAX 999
#endif
#ifndef TIMELEN_MAX
# define TIMELEN_MAX 128
#endif
@@ -202,7 +208,8 @@ static int vbprintf (const char *, ...) __attribute__((__format__ (printf, 1, 2)
static char *mklong (char *, char *, size_t);
static int getchr (void);
static char *getstr (void);
static int getint (int);
static int getint (int, int);
static int getstar (char **, int);
static intmax_t getintmax (void);
static uintmax_t getuintmax (void);
@@ -247,12 +254,42 @@ static size_t vblen;
static char **narg_argv;
static int narg_argc;
static int narg_maxind;
static int narg_numind; /* last numbered argument specification */
static int narg_seqind; /* only used when mixing numbered and unnumbered conversions */
static int narg_base; /* used on format reuse */
static char *narg_arg; /* argument corresponding to the numbered conversion spec */
static int narg_convtype; /* 1 = numbered, 0 = unnumbered */
static int narg_convwarned; /* want to minimize the warnings */
static char *nfmt = 0;
static intmax_t tw;
static char *conv_buf;
static size_t conv_bufsize;
static void
init_numarg ()
{
size_t len;
WORD_LIST *l;
len = list_length ((GENERIC_LIST *)orig_arglist);
narg_argv = (char **)xmalloc ((len + 2) * sizeof (char *)); /* +2 because we don't use 0 */
for (narg_argc = 1, l = orig_arglist; l; l = l->next)
narg_argv[narg_argc++] = l->word->word;
/* If we've processed some unnumbered conversion specifications before
we get the first numbered one, count those as "previous conversion
specifications that consumed an argument." */
for (narg_seqind = 0, l = orig_arglist; l != garglist; l = l->next)
narg_seqind++;
narg_argv[narg_argc] = NULL;
narg_maxind = narg_numind = narg_base = 0;
narg_arg = NULL;
}
static inline int
decodeint (char **str, int diagnose, int overflow_return)
{
@@ -281,7 +318,10 @@ printf_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
{
int ch, fieldwidth, precision;
int have_fieldwidth, have_precision, use_Lmod, altform, longform;
int moreargs;
char convch, thisch, nextch, *format, *modstart, *precstart, *fmt, *start;
char *nptr, *origfmt;
size_t nargind;
#if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
char mbch[25]; /* 25 > MB_LEN_MAX, plus can handle 4-byte UTF-8 and large Unicode characters*/
int mbind, mblen, mb_cur_max;
@@ -293,6 +333,8 @@ printf_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
conversion_error = 0;
vflag = 0;
narg_argc = -1;
reset_internal_getopt ();
while ((ch = internal_getopt (list, "v:")) != -1)
{
@@ -357,15 +399,23 @@ printf_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
mb_cur_max = MB_CUR_MAX;
nfmt = xrealloc (nfmt, strlen (format) + 1); /* XXX error checking */
nfmt[0] = '\0';
/* Basic algorithm is to scan the format string for conversion
specifications -- once one is found, find out if the field
width or precision is a '*'; if it is, gather up value. Note,
format strings are reused as necessary to use up the provided
arguments, arguments of zero/null string are provided to use
up the format string. */
/* We only warn once, even if we reuse the format, and we only warn in
posix mode. */
narg_convwarned = !posixly_correct;
do
{
tw = 0;
/* find next format specification */
for (fmt = format; *fmt; fmt++)
{
@@ -409,7 +459,9 @@ printf_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
}
/* ASSERT(*fmt == '%') */
start = fmt++;
origfmt = fmt; /* saved for format errors */
nptr = start = nfmt; /* we construct our own format string */
*nptr++ = *fmt++;
if (*fmt == '%') /* %% prints a % */
{
@@ -417,37 +469,117 @@ printf_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
continue;
}
narg_convtype = 0;
/* Look for possible %N$ numbered conversion specifier. */
/* "Conversions can be applied to the nth argument operand rather
than to the next argument operand. In this case, the conversion
specifier character '%' is replaced by the sequence "%n$",
where n is a decimal integer in the range [1,{NL_ARGMAX}],
giving the argument operand number. This feature provides for
the definition of format strings that select arguments in an
order appropriate to specific languages." */
/* This leaves nargv_curind pointing to the argument corresponding
to the numbered conversion spec or the next sequential one after
having processed a numbered spec, so the advancearg() in the
various code handling the conversion specifiers advances it. */
/* We don't allow N$ for precision or field width at this time. */
nargind = strspn (fmt, DIGITS);
if (nargind > 0 && fmt[nargind] == '$')
{
char *ep;
int narg, thisarg;
if (garglist != orig_arglist && narg_convwarned == 0)
{
builtin_warning ("%s", _("should not mix numbered and unnumbered conversions"));
narg_convwarned = 1;
}
if (narg_argc == -1)
init_numarg ();
thisarg = (int)strtol (fmt, &ep, 10);
/* "If it is a numbered argument conversion specification,
printf should write a diagnostic message to standard error
and exit with non-zero status" */
if (thisarg <= 0 || thisarg >= narg_argc)
{
/* We don't want to print this error message for numbered
conversions exceeding the number of arguments unless
we are in posix mode, so we set narg_numind = narg_argc
if we are not. */
if (thisarg <= 0 || posixly_correct)
{
builtin_error (_("%d: numbered conversion out of range"), thisarg);
PRETURN (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
}
thisarg = narg_argc;
}
thisarg += narg_base;
narg_numind = (thisarg < narg_argc) ? thisarg : narg_argc;
if (narg_numind > narg_maxind)
narg_maxind = narg_numind;
narg_arg = narg_argv[narg_numind];
narg_convtype = 1;
fmt += nargind + 1;
}
else if (narg_argc != -1)
{
int thisarg;
if (narg_convwarned == 0)
{
builtin_warning ("%s", _("should not mix numbered and unnumbered conversions"));
narg_convwarned = 1;
}
/* There is genuine incompatibility here between macOS/FreeBSD
printf and coreutils printf.
Given '%s %3$s %s\n' A B C D, coreutils printf treats the
unnumbered coversion specs sequentially, so it echoes "A C B",
then "D" on a new line.
FreeBSD printf treats the next unnumbered specifier following
a numbered specifier as numbered + 1, and prints "A C D".
zsh and ksh93 are like coreutils; mksh is like FreeBSD.
We follow coreutils here for now, but subject to change. */
narg_arg = (narg_seqind < narg_argc) ? narg_argv[++narg_seqind] : NULL;
if (narg_seqind > narg_maxind)
narg_maxind = narg_seqind;
}
/* Found format specification, skip to field width. We check for
alternate form for possible later use. */
for (; *fmt && strchr(SKIP1, *fmt); ++fmt)
if (*fmt == '#')
altform++;
while (*fmt && strchr(SKIP1, *fmt))
{
if (*fmt == '#')
altform++;
*nptr++ = *fmt++; /* build format string */
}
*nptr = '\0';
/* Skip optional field width. */
if (*fmt == '*')
{
fmt++;
*nptr++ = *fmt++;
have_fieldwidth = 1;
/* Handle field with overflow by ignoring fieldwidth for now.
getint() prints a message. */
fieldwidth = getint (0);
getstar() prints a message. */
fieldwidth = getstar (&fmt, 0);
}
else
while (DIGIT (*fmt))
fmt++;
*nptr++ = *fmt++;
*nptr = '\0';
/* Skip optional '.' and precision */
if (*fmt == '.')
{
++fmt;
*nptr++ = *fmt++;
if (*fmt == '*')
{
fmt++;
*nptr++ = *fmt++;
have_precision = 1;
/* Handle precision overflow by ignoring precision for now.
getint() prints a message.
getstar() prints a message.
"A negative precision is treated as if it were missing." */
precision = getint (-1);
precision = getstar (&fmt, -1);
}
else
{
@@ -460,12 +592,13 @@ printf_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
#else
if (*fmt == '-')
#endif
fmt++;
*nptr++ = *fmt++;
if (DIGIT (*fmt))
precstart = fmt;
while (DIGIT (*fmt))
fmt++;
*nptr++ = *fmt++;
}
*nptr = '\0';
}
/* skip possible format modifiers */
@@ -475,7 +608,7 @@ printf_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
{
use_Lmod |= USE_LONG_DOUBLE && *fmt == 'L';
longform |= *fmt == 'l';
fmt++;
*nptr++ = *fmt++;
}
if (*fmt == 0)
@@ -484,6 +617,9 @@ printf_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
PRETURN (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
}
*nptr++ = *fmt;
*nptr = '\0';
convch = *fmt;
thisch = modstart[0];
nextch = modstart[1];
@@ -607,7 +743,7 @@ printf_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
if (*fmt != ')' || *++fmt != 'T')
{
builtin_warning (_("`%c': invalid time format specification"), *fmt);
fmt = start;
fmt = origfmt;
free (timefmt);
PC (*fmt);
continue;
@@ -620,7 +756,10 @@ printf_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
}
/* argument is seconds since the epoch with special -1 and -2 */
/* default argument is equivalent to -1; special case */
arg = garglist ? getintmax () : -1;
if (narg_argc != -1)
arg = (narg_numind < narg_argc && narg_argv[narg_numind]) ? getintmax (): -1;
else
arg = garglist ? getintmax () : -1;
if (arg == -1)
secs = NOW; /* roughly date +%s */
else if (arg == -2)
@@ -643,8 +782,8 @@ printf_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
else
timebuf[sizeof(timebuf) - 1] = '\0';
/* convert to %s format that preserves fieldwidth and precision */
modstart[0] = 's';
modstart[1] = '\0';
*nptr++ = 's';
*nptr = '\0';
r = printstr (start, timebuf, strlen (timebuf), fieldwidth, precision); /* XXX - %s for now */
if (r < 0)
PRETURN (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
@@ -821,8 +960,44 @@ printf_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
/* PRETURN will print error message. */
PRETURN (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
}
/* "The format operand shall be reused as often as necessary to satisfy
the argument operands. If conversion specifications beginning with
a "%n$" sequence are used, on format reuse the value of n shall
refer to the nth argument operand following the highest numbered
argument operand consumed by the previous use of the format operand." */
if (narg_argc != -1)
{
/* If we consumed the last argument, we're done. */
moreargs = (narg_numind < narg_argc) && (narg_maxind < narg_argc) && (narg_seqind < narg_argc);
narg_base = narg_maxind;
narg_maxind = 0; /* need to recalculate this */
}
else
moreargs = garglist && garglist != list->next;
/* "on format reuse the value of n shall refer to the nth argument
operand following the highest numbered argument operand consumed
by the previous use of the format operand." */
/* This mess is to handle combining numbered and unnumbered conversion
specifiers. */
if (moreargs && narg_argc != -1)
{
/* If we decide to treat numbered and unnumbered specifiers with
different counters. */
if (garglist == 0 && orig_arglist != 0)
moreargs = 0;
/* I don't like this -- POSIX says "previous conversion specification
that consumed an argument", not "highest-numbered argument
processed" -- but this is what coreutils printf seems to do. */
narg_seqind = narg_base;
/* The second clause will be true if we processed the last
argument (not necessarily all arguments). */
if (narg_seqind >= narg_argc || (narg_base + 1) >= narg_argc)
moreargs = 0;
}
}
while (garglist && garglist != list->next);
while (moreargs);
if (conversion_error)
retval = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
@@ -1346,13 +1521,25 @@ mklong (char *str, char *modifiers, size_t mlen)
static inline char *
getarg (void)
{
if (narg_argc != -1)
return narg_arg;
return (garglist ? garglist->word->word : 0);
}
static inline void
advancearg (void)
{
garglist = garglist->next;
if (narg_argc != -1)
{
#if 0
/* see if we need to manage narg_seqind here or in printf_builtin */
if (narg_numind < narg_argc)
narg_numind++;
#endif
}
else
garglist = garglist->next;
}
static int
@@ -1404,15 +1591,19 @@ chk_converror (char *s, char *ep)
}
/* Don't call getintmax here because it may consume an argument on error, and
we call this to get field width/precision arguments. */
we call this to get field width/precision arguments. This is only called
by getstar() to get field width/precision values from arguments. It does
not call getarg() and it does not advance the argument with advancearg. */
static int
getint (int overflow_retval)
getint (int numberedconv, int overflow_retval)
{
intmax_t ret;
char *ep, *arg;
int overflow;
arg = getarg ();
/* XXX - check here that narg_numind < narg_argc and return null in that case? */
arg = (narg_argc != -1) ? (numberedconv ? narg_argv[narg_numind] : narg_argv[narg_seqind])
: (garglist ? garglist->word->word : 0);
if (arg == 0)
return (0);
@@ -1427,10 +1618,63 @@ getint (int overflow_retval)
chk_converror (arg, ep);
advancearg ();
return (overflow ? overflow_retval : (int)ret);
}
static int
getstar (char **fmtp, int overflow_retval)
{
int ret, numconv;
char *ep, **fp;
size_t l, ind;
fp = fmtp;
numconv = 0;
ep = *fp;
l = DIGIT (**fp) ? strspn (ep, DIGITS) : 0;
if (l > 0 && ep[l] == '$')
{
if (narg_argc == -1)
return overflow_retval;
ind = decodeint (fp, 1, -1);
if (**fp == '$')
{
ep = *fp + 1;
fp = &ep;
}
*fmtp = *fp;
ind += narg_base;
if (ind > 0 && ind <= narg_argc) /* can't have 0-based indices */
narg_numind = ind;
else
return overflow_retval;
numconv = 1;
if (narg_numind > narg_maxind)
narg_maxind = narg_numind;
}
else if (narg_argc != -1)
{
if (narg_convwarned == 0)
{
builtin_warning ("%s", _("should not mix numbered and unnumbered conversions"));
narg_convwarned = 1;
}
/* We manage the sequential index here and in printf_builtin */
if (narg_seqind < narg_argc)
++narg_seqind;
if (narg_seqind > narg_maxind)
narg_maxind = narg_seqind;
}
ret = getint (numconv, overflow_retval);
if (narg_argc == -1)
advancearg ();
return ret;
}
static intmax_t
getintmax (void)
{
doc/bash.0
+30 -11
View File
@@ -1689,6 +1689,9 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS
The "+=" operator appends to an array variable when assigning using the
compound assignment syntax; see PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS above.
If one of the word expansions in a compound array assignment unsets the
variable, the results are unspecified.
An array element is referenced using ${_n_a_m_e[_s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t]}. The braces
are required to avoid conflicts with pathname expansion. If _s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t
is @@ or **, the word expands to all members of _n_a_m_e, unless noted in the
@@ -1899,7 +1902,7 @@ EEXXPPAANNSSIIOONN
_p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is a positional parameter with more than one digit, or when
_p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is followed by a character which is not to be interpreted as
part of its name. The _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is a shell parameter as described
above PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS) or an array reference (AArrrraayyss).
above (PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS) or an array reference (AArrrraayyss).
If the first character of _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is an exclamation point (!!), and
_p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is not a _n_a_m_e_r_e_f, it introduces a level of indirection. BBaasshh
@@ -3729,6 +3732,7 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE
form
sseett _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e_-_n_a_m_e _v_a_l_u_e
or using the bbiinndd builtin command (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below).
Except where noted, rreeaaddlliinnee variables can take the values OOnn or OOffff
@@ -4829,7 +4833,7 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE
fined, programmable completion performs rreeaaddlliinnee's default completion.
The options supplied to ccoommpplleettee and ccoommppoopptt can control how rreeaaddlliinnee
treats the completions. For instance, the _-_o _f_u_l_l_q_u_o_t_e option tells
treats the completions. For instance, the --oo ffuullllqquuoottee option tells
rreeaaddlliinnee to quote the matches as if they were filenames. See the de-
scription of ccoommpplleettee below for details.
@@ -5745,8 +5749,8 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
directories in which to search for _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e. The default for
BBAASSHH__LLOOAADDAABBLLEESS__PPAATTHH is system-dependent, and may include "." to
force a search of the current directory. The --dd option will
delete a builtin previously loaded with --ff. If _-_s is used with
_-_f, the new builtin becomes a POSIX special builtin.
delete a builtin previously loaded with --ff. If --ss is used with
--ff, the new builtin becomes a POSIX special builtin.
If no options are supplied and a _n_a_m_e is not a shell builtin,
eennaabbllee will attempt to load _n_a_m_e from a shared object named
@@ -6164,7 +6168,7 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
last.
If the top element of the directory stack is modified, and the
_-_n option was not supplied, ppooppdd uses the ccdd builtin to change
--nn option was not supplied, ppooppdd uses the ccdd builtin to change
to the directory at the top of the stack. If the ccdd fails, ppooppdd
returns a non-zero value.
@@ -6232,12 +6236,27 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
is the numeric value of the following character, using the cur-
rent locale.
The _f_o_r_m_a_t is reused as necessary to consume all of the _a_r_g_u_-
Format specifiers may apply to the _nth argument rather than the
next sequential argument. In this case, the '%' in the format
specifier is replaced by the sequence "%_n$", where _n is a deci-
mal integer greater than 0, giving the argument number to use as
the operand. The format string should not mix numbered and un-
numbered argument specifiers, though this is allowed. Unnum-
bered argument specifiers always refer to the next argument fol-
lowing the last argument consumed by an unnumbered specifier;
numbered argument specifiers refer to absolute positions in the
argument list.
The _f_o_r_m_a_t is reused as necessary to consume all of the _a_r_g_u_-
_m_e_n_t_s. If the _f_o_r_m_a_t requires more _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s than are supplied,
the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
value is zero on success, non-zero if an invalid option is sup-
plied or a write or assignment error occurs.
the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. If _f_o_r_m_a_t is
reused, a numbered argument specifier "%_n$" refers to the _nth
argument following the highest numbered argument consumed by the
previous use of _f_o_r_m_a_t.
The return value is zero on success, non-zero if an invalid op-
tion is supplied or a write or assignment error occurs.
ppuusshhdd [--nn] [+_n] [-_n]
ppuusshhdd [--nn] [_d_i_r]
@@ -7555,4 +7574,4 @@ BBUUGGSS
Array variables may not (yet) be exported.
GNU Bash 5.3 2025 October 6 _B_A_S_H(1)
GNU Bash 5.3 2025 December 2 _B_A_S_H(1)
doc/bash.1
+20 -2
View File
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
.\" Case Western Reserve University
.\" chet.ramey@case.edu
.\"
.\" Last Change: Mon Nov 17 11:37:04 EST 2025
.\" Last Change: Tue Dec 2 16:43:36 EST 2025
.\"
.\" For bash_builtins, strip all but "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS" section
.\" For rbash, strip all but "RESTRICTED SHELL" section
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
.ds zX \" empty
.if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
.if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
.TH BASH 1 "2025 November 17" "GNU Bash 5.3"
.TH BASH 1 "2025 December 2" "GNU Bash 5.3"
.\"
.ie \n(.g \{\
.ds ' \(aq
@@ -11148,10 +11148,28 @@ except that a leading plus or minus sign is allowed, and if the leading
character is a single or double quote, the value is the numeric value of
the following character, using the current locale.
.IP
Format specifiers may apply to the \fIn\fPth argument rather than the next
sequential argument.
In this case, the '%' in the format specifier is replaced by the
sequence
.Q %\fIn\fP$ ,
where \fIn\fP is a decimal integer greater than 0,
giving the argument number to use as the operand.
The format string should not mix numbered and unnumbered argument specifiers,
though this is allowed.
Unnumbered argument specifiers always refer to the next argument following
the last argument consumed by an unnumbered specifier; numbered argument
specifiers refer to absolute positions in the argument list.
.IP
The \fIformat\fP is reused as necessary to consume all of the \fIarguments\fP.
If the \fIformat\fP requires more \fIarguments\fP than are supplied, the
extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as
appropriate, had been supplied.
If \fIformat\fP is reused, a numbered argument specifier
.Q %\fIn\fP$
refers to the \fIn\fPth argument following the highest numbered argument
consumed by the previous use of \fIformat\fP.
.IP
The return value is zero on success,
non-zero if an invalid option is supplied or a write or assignment error
occurs.
doc/bash.html
+39 -15
View File
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
<!-- Creator : groff version 1.23.0 -->
<!-- CreationDate: Tue Oct 7 10:14:01 2025 -->
<!-- CreationDate: Tue Dec 2 16:55:58 2025 -->
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
@@ -3736,6 +3736,10 @@ an index of &minus;1 references the last element.</p>
assigning using the compound assignment syntax; see
<b><small>PARAMETERS</small></b> above.</p>
<p style="margin-left:9%; margin-top: 1em">If one of the
word expansions in a compound array assignment unsets the
variable, the results are unspecified.</p>
<p style="margin-left:9%; margin-top: 1em">An array element
is referenced using ${<i>name</i>[<i>subscript</i>]}. The
braces are required to avoid conflicts with pathname
@@ -4056,7 +4060,7 @@ required when <i>parameter</i> is a positional parameter
with more than one digit, or when <i>parameter</i> is
followed by a character which is not to be interpreted as
part of its name. The <i>parameter</i> is a shell parameter
as described above <b>PARAMETERS</b>) or an array reference
as described above (<b>PARAMETERS</b>) or an array reference
(<b>Arrays</b>).</p>
<p style="margin-left:9%; margin-top: 1em">If the first
@@ -7793,9 +7797,9 @@ with a statement of the form</p>
<p style="margin-left:18%; margin-top: 1em"><b>set</b>
<i>variable&minus;name value</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:9%;">or using the <b>bind</b> builtin
command (see <b><small>SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS</small></b>
below).</p>
<p style="margin-left:9%; margin-top: 1em">or using the
<b>bind</b> builtin command (see <b><small>SHELL BUILTIN
COMMANDS</small></b> below).</p>
<p style="margin-left:9%; margin-top: 1em">Except where
noted, <b>readline</b> variables can take the values
@@ -9875,7 +9879,7 @@ completion.</p>
<p style="margin-left:9%; margin-top: 1em">The options
supplied to <b>complete</b> and <b>compopt</b> can control
how <b>readline</b> treats the completions. For instance,
the <i>&minus;o fullquote</i> option tells <b>readline</b>
the <b>&minus;o fullquote</b> option tells <b>readline</b>
to quote the matches as if they were filenames. See the
description of <b>complete</b> below for details.</p>
@@ -10537,9 +10541,10 @@ interpretation.</p>
<p style="margin-left:9%; margin-top: 1em">All builtins
except <b>:</b>, <b>true</b>, <b>false</b>, <b>echo</b>, and
<b>test</b>/<b>[</b> accept <b>--help</b> as a special
option. If <b>--help</b> is supplied, these builtins output
a help message and exit with a status of 0. <b><br>
<b>test</b>/<b>[</b> accept <b>&minus;&minus;help</b> as a
special option. If <b>&minus;&minus;help</b> is supplied,
these builtins output a help message and exit with a status
of 0. <b><br>
:</b> [<i>arguments</i>]</p>
<p style="margin-left:18%;">No effect; the command does
@@ -12119,8 +12124,8 @@ The default for <b>BASH_LOADABLES_PATH</b> is
system-dependent, and may include &ldquo;.&rdquo; to force a
search of the current directory. The <b>&minus;d</b> option
will delete a builtin previously loaded with
<b>&minus;f</b>. If <i>&minus;s</i> is used with
<i>&minus;f</i>, the new builtin becomes a
<b>&minus;f</b>. If <b>&minus;s</b> is used with
<b>&minus;f</b>, the new builtin becomes a
<small>POSIX</small> special builtin.</p>
<p style="margin-left:18%; margin-top: 1em">If no options
@@ -13011,7 +13016,7 @@ directory, &ldquo;popd &minus;1&rdquo; the next to last.</p></td></tr>
<p style="margin-left:18%; margin-top: 1em">If the top
element of the directory stack is modified, and the
<i>&minus;n</i> option was not supplied, <b>popd</b> uses
<b>&minus;n</b> option was not supplied, <b>popd</b> uses
the <b>cd</b> builtin to change to the directory at the top
of the stack. If the <b>cd</b> fails, <b>popd</b> returns a
non-zero value.</p>
@@ -13131,14 +13136,33 @@ the leading character is a single or double quote, the value
is the numeric value of the following character, using the
current locale.</p>
<p style="margin-left:18%; margin-top: 1em">Format
specifiers may apply to the <i>n</i>th argument rather than
the next sequential argument. In this case, the
&rsquo;%&rsquo; in the format specifier is replaced by the
sequence &ldquo;%<i>n</i>$&rdquo;, where <i>n</i> is a
decimal integer greater than 0, giving the argument number
to use as the operand. The format string should not mix
numbered and unnumbered argument specifiers, though this is
allowed. Unnumbered argument specifiers always refer to the
next argument following the last argument consumed by an
unnumbered specifier; numbered argument specifiers refer to
absolute positions in the argument list.</p>
<p style="margin-left:18%; margin-top: 1em">The
<i>format</i> is reused as necessary to consume all of the
<i>arguments</i>. If the <i>format</i> requires more
<i>arguments</i> than are supplied, the extra format
specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as
appropriate, had been supplied. The return value is zero on
success, non-zero if an invalid option is supplied or a
write or assignment error occurs.</p>
appropriate, had been supplied. If <i>format</i> is reused,
a numbered argument specifier &ldquo;%<i>n</i>$&rdquo;
refers to the <i>n</i>th argument following the highest
numbered argument consumed by the previous use of
<i>format</i>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:18%; margin-top: 1em">The return
value is zero on success, non-zero if an invalid option is
supplied or a write or assignment error occurs.</p>
<p style="margin-left:9%;"><b>pushd</b> [<b>&minus;n</b>]
[+<i>n</i>] [&minus;<i>n</i>] <b><br>
doc/bash.info
+165 -149
View File
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
This is bash.info, produced by makeinfo version 7.2 from bashref.texi.
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
Bash shell (version 5.3, 24 September 2025).
Bash shell (version 5.3, 2 December 2025).
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 24 September 2025, of ‘The GNU Bash
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 2 December 2025, of ‘The GNU Bash
Reference Manual’, for ‘Bash’, Version 5.3.
Copyright © 1988-2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ Bash Features
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
Bash shell (version 5.3, 24 September 2025). The Bash home page is
Bash shell (version 5.3, 2 December 2025). The Bash home page is
<http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/>.
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 24 September 2025, of ‘The GNU Bash
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 2 December 2025, of ‘The GNU Bash
Reference Manual’, for ‘Bash’, Version 5.3.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
@@ -4369,7 +4369,7 @@ standard.
The ‘-f’ option means to load the new builtin command NAME from
shared object FILENAME, on systems that support dynamic loading.
If FILENAME does not contain a slash. Bash will use the value of
If FILENAME does not contain a slash, Bash will use the value of
the ‘BASH_LOADABLES_PATH’ variable as a colon-separated list of
directories in which to search for FILENAME. The default for
‘BASH_LOADABLES_PATH’ is system-dependent, and may include "." to
@@ -4561,12 +4561,25 @@ standard.
the numeric value of the following character, using the current
locale.
Format specifiers may apply to the Nth argument rather than the
next sequential argument. In this case, the ‘%’ in the format
specifier is replaced by the sequence ‘%N$’, where N is a decimal
integer greater than 0, giving the argument number to use as the
operand. The format string should not mix numbered and unnumbered
argument specifiers, though this is allowed. Unnumbered argument
specifiers always refer to the next argument following the last
argument consumed by an unnumbered specifier; numbered argument
specifiers refer to absolute positions in the argument list.
The FORMAT is reused as necessary to consume all of the ARGUMENTS.
If the FORMAT requires more ARGUMENTS than are supplied, the extra
format specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as
appropriate, had been supplied. The return value is zero on
success, non-zero if an invalid option is supplied or a write or
assignment error occurs.
appropriate, had been supplied. If FORMAT is reused, a numbered
argument specifier ‘%N$’ refers to the Nth argument following the
highest numbered argument consumed by the previous use of FORMAT.
The return value is zero on success, non-zero if an invalid option
is supplied or a write or assignment error occurs.
‘read’
read [-Eers] [-a ANAME] [-d DELIM] [-i TEXT] [-n NCHARS]
@@ -7310,6 +7323,9 @@ end of the array, and an index of -1 references the last element.
The ‘+=’ operator appends to an array variable when assigning using
the compound assignment syntax; see *note Shell Parameters:: above.
If one of the word expansions in a compound array assignment unsets
the variable, the results are unspecified.
An array element is referenced using ‘${NAME[SUBSCRIPT]}’. The
braces are required to avoid conflicts with the shell's filename
expansion operators. If the SUBSCRIPT is ‘@’ or ‘*’, the word expands
@@ -7569,8 +7585,8 @@ can appear in the prompt variables ‘PS0’, ‘PS1’, ‘PS2’, and ‘PS4
‘\\’
A backslash.
‘\[’
Begin a sequence of non-printing characters. Thiss could be used
to embed a terminal control sequence into the prompt.
Begin a sequence of non-printing characters. This could be used to
embed a terminal control sequence into the prompt.
‘\]’
End a sequence of non-printing characters.
@@ -12950,8 +12966,8 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
(line 71)
* pwd: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 265)
* read: Bash Builtins. (line 558)
* readarray: Bash Builtins. (line 669)
* read: Bash Builtins. (line 571)
* readarray: Bash Builtins. (line 682)
* readonly: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 277)
* return: Bourne Shell Builtins.
@@ -12960,7 +12976,7 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
* shift: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 327)
* shopt: The Shopt Builtin. (line 9)
* source: Bash Builtins. (line 678)
* source: Bash Builtins. (line 691)
* suspend: Job Control Builtins.
(line 141)
* test: Bourne Shell Builtins.
@@ -12971,12 +12987,12 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
(line 446)
* true: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 512)
* type: Bash Builtins. (line 683)
* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 720)
* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 726)
* type: Bash Builtins. (line 696)
* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 733)
* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 739)
* umask: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 517)
* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 834)
* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 847)
* unset: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 535)
* wait: Job Control Builtins.
@@ -13660,138 +13676,138 @@ D.5 Concept Index

Tag Table:
Node: Top903
Node: Introduction2846
Node: What is Bash?3059
Node: What is a shell?4192
Node: Definitions6802
Node: Basic Shell Features10129
Node: Shell Syntax11353
Node: Shell Operation12380
Node: Quoting13671
Node: Escape Character15009
Node: Single Quotes15544
Node: Double Quotes15893
Node: ANSI-C Quoting17238
Node: Locale Translation18632
Node: Creating Internationalized Scripts20035
Node: Comments24233
Node: Shell Commands25000
Node: Reserved Words25939
Node: Simple Commands27082
Node: Pipelines27744
Node: Lists31000
Node: Compound Commands32920
Node: Looping Constructs33929
Node: Conditional Constructs36478
Node: Command Grouping51615
Node: Coprocesses53107
Node: GNU Parallel55793
Node: Shell Functions56711
Node: Shell Parameters65159
Node: Positional Parameters70060
Node: Special Parameters71150
Node: Shell Expansions74611
Node: Brace Expansion76800
Node: Tilde Expansion80136
Node: Shell Parameter Expansion83091
Node: Command Substitution103738
Node: Arithmetic Expansion107267
Node: Process Substitution108443
Node: Word Splitting109551
Node: Filename Expansion111995
Node: Pattern Matching115219
Node: Quote Removal120985
Node: Redirections121289
Node: Executing Commands131545
Node: Simple Command Expansion132212
Node: Command Search and Execution134320
Node: Command Execution Environment136764
Node: Environment140212
Node: Exit Status142115
Node: Signals144174
Node: Shell Scripts149122
Node: Shell Builtin Commands152420
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins154761
Node: Bash Builtins181480
Node: Modifying Shell Behavior218404
Node: The Set Builtin218746
Node: The Shopt Builtin230740
Node: Special Builtins247793
Node: Shell Variables248782
Node: Bourne Shell Variables249216
Node: Bash Variables251724
Node: Bash Features291008
Node: Invoking Bash292022
Node: Bash Startup Files298606
Node: Interactive Shells303848
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?304256
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?304918
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior305742
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions309503
Node: Shell Arithmetic314920
Node: Aliases318247
Node: Arrays321381
Node: The Directory Stack328969
Node: Directory Stack Builtins329766
Node: Controlling the Prompt334211
Node: The Restricted Shell337096
Node: Bash POSIX Mode339978
Node: Shell Compatibility Mode358925
Node: Job Control367932
Node: Job Control Basics368389
Node: Job Control Builtins374757
Node: Job Control Variables381545
Node: Command Line Editing382776
Node: Introduction and Notation384479
Node: Readline Interaction386831
Node: Readline Bare Essentials388019
Node: Readline Movement Commands389827
Node: Readline Killing Commands390823
Node: Readline Arguments392846
Node: Searching393936
Node: Readline Init File396179
Node: Readline Init File Syntax397482
Node: Conditional Init Constructs424433
Node: Sample Init File428818
Node: Bindable Readline Commands431938
Node: Commands For Moving433476
Node: Commands For History435940
Node: Commands For Text441331
Node: Commands For Killing445456
Node: Numeric Arguments448244
Node: Commands For Completion449396
Node: Keyboard Macros455092
Node: Miscellaneous Commands455793
Node: Readline vi Mode462360
Node: Programmable Completion463337
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins473073
Node: A Programmable Completion Example484810
Node: Using History Interactively490155
Node: Bash History Facilities490836
Node: Bash History Builtins494571
Node: History Interaction501042
Node: Event Designators505992
Node: Word Designators507570
Node: Modifiers509962
Node: Installing Bash511899
Node: Basic Installation513015
Node: Compilers and Options516891
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures517641
Node: Installation Names519394
Node: Specifying the System Type521628
Node: Sharing Defaults522374
Node: Operation Controls523088
Node: Optional Features524107
Node: Reporting Bugs536830
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell538187
Node: GNU Free Documentation License559614
Node: Indexes584791
Node: Builtin Index585242
Node: Reserved Word Index592340
Node: Variable Index594785
Node: Function Index612198
Node: Concept Index626193
Node: Top899
Node: Introduction2838
Node: What is Bash?3051
Node: What is a shell?4184
Node: Definitions6794
Node: Basic Shell Features10121
Node: Shell Syntax11345
Node: Shell Operation12372
Node: Quoting13663
Node: Escape Character15001
Node: Single Quotes15536
Node: Double Quotes15885
Node: ANSI-C Quoting17230
Node: Locale Translation18624
Node: Creating Internationalized Scripts20027
Node: Comments24225
Node: Shell Commands24992
Node: Reserved Words25931
Node: Simple Commands27074
Node: Pipelines27736
Node: Lists30992
Node: Compound Commands32912
Node: Looping Constructs33921
Node: Conditional Constructs36470
Node: Command Grouping51607
Node: Coprocesses53099
Node: GNU Parallel55785
Node: Shell Functions56703
Node: Shell Parameters65151
Node: Positional Parameters70052
Node: Special Parameters71142
Node: Shell Expansions74603
Node: Brace Expansion76792
Node: Tilde Expansion80128
Node: Shell Parameter Expansion83083
Node: Command Substitution103730
Node: Arithmetic Expansion107259
Node: Process Substitution108435
Node: Word Splitting109543
Node: Filename Expansion111987
Node: Pattern Matching115211
Node: Quote Removal120977
Node: Redirections121281
Node: Executing Commands131537
Node: Simple Command Expansion132204
Node: Command Search and Execution134312
Node: Command Execution Environment136756
Node: Environment140204
Node: Exit Status142107
Node: Signals144166
Node: Shell Scripts149114
Node: Shell Builtin Commands152412
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins154753
Node: Bash Builtins181472
Node: Modifying Shell Behavior219208
Node: The Set Builtin219550
Node: The Shopt Builtin231544
Node: Special Builtins248597
Node: Shell Variables249586
Node: Bourne Shell Variables250020
Node: Bash Variables252528
Node: Bash Features291812
Node: Invoking Bash292826
Node: Bash Startup Files299410
Node: Interactive Shells304652
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?305060
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?305722
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior306546
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions310307
Node: Shell Arithmetic315724
Node: Aliases319051
Node: Arrays322185
Node: The Directory Stack329888
Node: Directory Stack Builtins330685
Node: Controlling the Prompt335130
Node: The Restricted Shell338014
Node: Bash POSIX Mode340896
Node: Shell Compatibility Mode359843
Node: Job Control368850
Node: Job Control Basics369307
Node: Job Control Builtins375675
Node: Job Control Variables382463
Node: Command Line Editing383694
Node: Introduction and Notation385397
Node: Readline Interaction387749
Node: Readline Bare Essentials388937
Node: Readline Movement Commands390745
Node: Readline Killing Commands391741
Node: Readline Arguments393764
Node: Searching394854
Node: Readline Init File397097
Node: Readline Init File Syntax398400
Node: Conditional Init Constructs425351
Node: Sample Init File429736
Node: Bindable Readline Commands432856
Node: Commands For Moving434394
Node: Commands For History436858
Node: Commands For Text442249
Node: Commands For Killing446374
Node: Numeric Arguments449162
Node: Commands For Completion450314
Node: Keyboard Macros456010
Node: Miscellaneous Commands456711
Node: Readline vi Mode463278
Node: Programmable Completion464255
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins473991
Node: A Programmable Completion Example485728
Node: Using History Interactively491073
Node: Bash History Facilities491754
Node: Bash History Builtins495489
Node: History Interaction501960
Node: Event Designators506910
Node: Word Designators508488
Node: Modifiers510880
Node: Installing Bash512817
Node: Basic Installation513933
Node: Compilers and Options517809
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures518559
Node: Installation Names520312
Node: Specifying the System Type522546
Node: Sharing Defaults523292
Node: Operation Controls524006
Node: Optional Features525025
Node: Reporting Bugs537748
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell539105
Node: GNU Free Documentation License560532
Node: Indexes585709
Node: Builtin Index586160
Node: Reserved Word Index593258
Node: Variable Index595703
Node: Function Index613116
Node: Concept Index627111

End Tag Table
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+1 -1
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@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@
@xrdef{Modifying Shell Behavior-snt}{Section@tie 4.3}
@xrdef{The Set Builtin-title}{The Set Builtin}
@xrdef{The Set Builtin-snt}{Section@tie 4.3.1}
@xrdef{Modifying Shell Behavior-pg}{73}
@xrdef{Modifying Shell Behavior-pg}{74}
@xrdef{The Set Builtin-pg}{74}
@xrdef{The Shopt Builtin-title}{The Shopt Builtin}
@xrdef{The Shopt Builtin-snt}{Section@tie 4.3.2}
doc/bashref.bt
+4 -4
View File
@@ -35,13 +35,13 @@
\entry{logout}{68}{\code {logout}}
\entry{mapfile}{68}{\code {mapfile}}
\entry{printf}{68}{\code {printf}}
\entry{read}{69}{\code {read}}
\entry{read}{70}{\code {read}}
\entry{readarray}{71}{\code {readarray}}
\entry{source}{71}{\code {source}}
\entry{type}{71}{\code {type}}
\entry{source}{72}{\code {source}}
\entry{type}{72}{\code {type}}
\entry{typeset}{72}{\code {typeset}}
\entry{ulimit}{72}{\code {ulimit}}
\entry{unalias}{73}{\code {unalias}}
\entry{unalias}{74}{\code {unalias}}
\entry{set}{74}{\code {set}}
\entry{shopt}{78}{\code {shopt}}
\entry{dirs}{112}{\code {dirs}}
doc/bashref.bts
+4 -4
View File
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
\entry{\code {pushd}}{113}
\entry{\code {pwd}}{56}
\initial {R}
\entry{\code {read}}{69}
\entry{\code {read}}{70}
\entry{\code {readarray}}{71}
\entry{\code {readonly}}{56}
\entry{\code {return}}{57}
@@ -64,19 +64,19 @@
\entry{\code {set}}{74}
\entry{\code {shift}}{57}
\entry{\code {shopt}}{78}
\entry{\code {source}}{71}
\entry{\code {source}}{72}
\entry{\code {suspend}}{128}
\initial {T}
\entry{\code {test}}{57}
\entry{\code {times}}{59}
\entry{\code {trap}}{59}
\entry{\code {true}}{60}
\entry{\code {type}}{71}
\entry{\code {type}}{72}
\entry{\code {typeset}}{72}
\initial {U}
\entry{\code {ulimit}}{72}
\entry{\code {umask}}{60}
\entry{\code {unalias}}{73}
\entry{\code {unalias}}{74}
\entry{\code {unset}}{61}
\initial {W}
\entry{\code {wait}}{128}
doc/bashref.cp
+1 -1
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@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
\entry{prompting}{114}{prompting}
\entry{restricted shell}{115}{restricted shell}
\entry{POSIX description}{116}{POSIX description}
\entry{POSIX Mode}{116}{POSIX Mode}
\entry{POSIX Mode}{117}{POSIX Mode}
\entry{Compatibility Level}{121}{Compatibility Level}
\entry{Compatibility Mode}{121}{Compatibility Mode}
\entry{job control}{125}{job control}
doc/bashref.cps
+1 -1
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@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
\entry{pipeline}{10}
\entry{POSIX}{3}
\entry{POSIX description}{116}
\entry{POSIX Mode}{116}
\entry{POSIX Mode}{117}
\entry{process group}{3}
\entry{process group ID}{3}
\entry{process substitution}{38}
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+31 -9
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@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<!-- This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
the Bash shell (version 5.3, 24 September 2025).
the Bash shell (version 5.3, 2 December 2025).
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 24 September 2025,
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 2 December 2025,
of The GNU Bash Reference Manual,
for Bash, Version 5.3.
@@ -77,10 +77,10 @@ Next: <a href="#Introduction" accesskey="n" rel="next">Introduction</a>, Previou
<h1 class="top" id="Bash-Features-1"><span>Bash Features<a class="copiable-link" href="#Bash-Features-1"> &para;</a></span></h1>
<p>This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
the Bash shell (version 5.3, 24 September 2025).
the Bash shell (version 5.3, 2 December 2025).
The Bash home page is <a class="url" href="http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/">http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/</a>.
</p>
<p>This is Edition 5.3, last updated 24 September 2025,
<p>This is Edition 5.3, last updated 2 December 2025,
of <cite class="cite">The GNU Bash Reference Manual</cite>,
for <code class="code">Bash</code>, Version 5.3.
</p>
@@ -5894,7 +5894,7 @@ special builtins.
</p>
<p>The <samp class="option">-f</samp> option means to load the new builtin command <var class="var">name</var>
from shared object <var class="var">filename</var>, on systems that support dynamic loading.
If <var class="var">filename</var> does not contain a slash.
If <var class="var">filename</var> does not contain a slash,
Bash will use the value of the <code class="env">BASH_LOADABLES_PATH</code> variable as a
colon-separated list of directories in which to search for <var class="var">filename</var>.
The default for <code class="env">BASH_LOADABLES_PATH</code> is system-dependent,
@@ -6138,11 +6138,29 @@ except that a leading plus or minus sign is allowed, and if the leading
character is a single or double quote, the value is the numeric value of
the following character, using the current locale.
</p>
<p>Format specifiers may apply to the <var class="var">n</var>th argument rather than the next
sequential argument.
In this case, the &lsquo;<samp class="samp">%</samp>&rsquo; in the format specifier is replaced by the
sequence
&lsquo;<samp class="samp">%<var class="var">n</var>$</samp>&rsquo;,
where <var class="var">n</var> is a decimal integer greater than 0,
giving the argument number to use as the operand.
The format string should not mix numbered and unnumbered argument specifiers,
though this is allowed.
Unnumbered argument specifiers always refer to the next argument following
the last argument consumed by an unnumbered specifier; numbered argument
specifiers refer to absolute positions in the argument list.
</p>
<p>The <var class="var">format</var> is reused as necessary to consume all of the <var class="var">arguments</var>.
If the <var class="var">format</var> requires more <var class="var">arguments</var> than are supplied, the
extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as
appropriate, had been supplied.
The return value is zero on success,
If <var class="var">format</var> is reused, a numbered argument specifier
&lsquo;<samp class="samp">%<var class="var">n</var>$</samp>&rsquo;
refers to the <var class="var">n</var>th argument following the highest numbered argument
consumed by the previous use of <var class="var">format</var>.
</p>
<p>The return value is zero on success,
non-zero if an invalid option is supplied or a write or assignment error
occurs.
</p>
@@ -9723,6 +9741,9 @@ operator appends to an array variable when assigning
using the compound assignment syntax; see
<a class="ref" href="#Shell-Parameters">Shell Parameters</a> above.
</p>
<p>If one of the word expansions in a compound array assignment unsets the
variable, the results are unspecified.
</p>
<p>An array element is referenced using
<code class="code">${<var class="var">name</var>[<var class="var">subscript</var>]}</code>.
The braces are required to avoid
@@ -9917,8 +9938,9 @@ list printed by <code class="code">dirs</code>), starting with zero, from the st
</p></dd>
</dl>
<p>If the top element of the directory stack is modified, and
the <samp class="option">-n</samp> option was not supplied, <code class="code">popd</code> uses the <code class="code">cd</code>
<p>If the top element of the directory stack is modified,
and the <samp class="option">-n</samp> option was not supplied,
<code class="code">popd</code> uses the <code class="code">cd</code>
builtin to change to the directory at the top of the stack.
If the <code class="code">cd</code> fails, <code class="code">popd</code> returns a non-zero value.
</p>
@@ -10080,7 +10102,7 @@ with <code class="env">$HOME</code> abbreviated with a tilde
</p></dd>
<dt><code class="code">\[</code></dt>
<dd><p>Begin a sequence of non-printing characters.
Thiss could be used to
This could be used to
embed a terminal control sequence into the prompt.
</p></dd>
<dt><code class="code">\]</code></dt>
doc/bashref.info
+165 -149
View File
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 7.2 from
bashref.texi.
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
Bash shell (version 5.3, 24 September 2025).
Bash shell (version 5.3, 2 December 2025).
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 24 September 2025, of ‘The GNU Bash
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 2 December 2025, of ‘The GNU Bash
Reference Manual’, for ‘Bash’, Version 5.3.
Copyright © 1988-2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ Bash Features
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
Bash shell (version 5.3, 24 September 2025). The Bash home page is
Bash shell (version 5.3, 2 December 2025). The Bash home page is
<http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/>.
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 24 September 2025, of ‘The GNU Bash
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 2 December 2025, of ‘The GNU Bash
Reference Manual’, for ‘Bash’, Version 5.3.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
@@ -4370,7 +4370,7 @@ standard.
The ‘-f’ option means to load the new builtin command NAME from
shared object FILENAME, on systems that support dynamic loading.
If FILENAME does not contain a slash. Bash will use the value of
If FILENAME does not contain a slash, Bash will use the value of
the ‘BASH_LOADABLES_PATH’ variable as a colon-separated list of
directories in which to search for FILENAME. The default for
‘BASH_LOADABLES_PATH’ is system-dependent, and may include "." to
@@ -4562,12 +4562,25 @@ standard.
the numeric value of the following character, using the current
locale.
Format specifiers may apply to the Nth argument rather than the
next sequential argument. In this case, the ‘%’ in the format
specifier is replaced by the sequence ‘%N$’, where N is a decimal
integer greater than 0, giving the argument number to use as the
operand. The format string should not mix numbered and unnumbered
argument specifiers, though this is allowed. Unnumbered argument
specifiers always refer to the next argument following the last
argument consumed by an unnumbered specifier; numbered argument
specifiers refer to absolute positions in the argument list.
The FORMAT is reused as necessary to consume all of the ARGUMENTS.
If the FORMAT requires more ARGUMENTS than are supplied, the extra
format specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as
appropriate, had been supplied. The return value is zero on
success, non-zero if an invalid option is supplied or a write or
assignment error occurs.
appropriate, had been supplied. If FORMAT is reused, a numbered
argument specifier ‘%N$’ refers to the Nth argument following the
highest numbered argument consumed by the previous use of FORMAT.
The return value is zero on success, non-zero if an invalid option
is supplied or a write or assignment error occurs.
‘read’
read [-Eers] [-a ANAME] [-d DELIM] [-i TEXT] [-n NCHARS]
@@ -7311,6 +7324,9 @@ end of the array, and an index of -1 references the last element.
The ‘+=’ operator appends to an array variable when assigning using
the compound assignment syntax; see *note Shell Parameters:: above.
If one of the word expansions in a compound array assignment unsets
the variable, the results are unspecified.
An array element is referenced using ‘${NAME[SUBSCRIPT]}’. The
braces are required to avoid conflicts with the shell's filename
expansion operators. If the SUBSCRIPT is ‘@’ or ‘*’, the word expands
@@ -7570,8 +7586,8 @@ can appear in the prompt variables ‘PS0’, ‘PS1’, ‘PS2’, and ‘PS4
‘\\’
A backslash.
‘\[’
Begin a sequence of non-printing characters. Thiss could be used
to embed a terminal control sequence into the prompt.
Begin a sequence of non-printing characters. This could be used to
embed a terminal control sequence into the prompt.
‘\]’
End a sequence of non-printing characters.
@@ -12951,8 +12967,8 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
(line 71)
* pwd: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 265)
* read: Bash Builtins. (line 558)
* readarray: Bash Builtins. (line 669)
* read: Bash Builtins. (line 571)
* readarray: Bash Builtins. (line 682)
* readonly: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 277)
* return: Bourne Shell Builtins.
@@ -12961,7 +12977,7 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
* shift: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 327)
* shopt: The Shopt Builtin. (line 9)
* source: Bash Builtins. (line 678)
* source: Bash Builtins. (line 691)
* suspend: Job Control Builtins.
(line 141)
* test: Bourne Shell Builtins.
@@ -12972,12 +12988,12 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
(line 446)
* true: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 512)
* type: Bash Builtins. (line 683)
* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 720)
* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 726)
* type: Bash Builtins. (line 696)
* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 733)
* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 739)
* umask: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 517)
* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 834)
* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 847)
* unset: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 535)
* wait: Job Control Builtins.
@@ -13661,138 +13677,138 @@ D.5 Concept Index

Tag Table:
Node: Top906
Node: Introduction2852
Node: What is Bash?3068
Node: What is a shell?4204
Node: Definitions6817
Node: Basic Shell Features10147
Node: Shell Syntax11374
Node: Shell Operation12404
Node: Quoting13698
Node: Escape Character15039
Node: Single Quotes15577
Node: Double Quotes15929
Node: ANSI-C Quoting17277
Node: Locale Translation18674
Node: Creating Internationalized Scripts20080
Node: Comments24281
Node: Shell Commands25051
Node: Reserved Words25993
Node: Simple Commands27139
Node: Pipelines27804
Node: Lists31063
Node: Compound Commands32986
Node: Looping Constructs33998
Node: Conditional Constructs36550
Node: Command Grouping51690
Node: Coprocesses53185
Node: GNU Parallel55874
Node: Shell Functions56795
Node: Shell Parameters65246
Node: Positional Parameters70150
Node: Special Parameters71243
Node: Shell Expansions74707
Node: Brace Expansion76899
Node: Tilde Expansion80238
Node: Shell Parameter Expansion83196
Node: Command Substitution103846
Node: Arithmetic Expansion107378
Node: Process Substitution108557
Node: Word Splitting109668
Node: Filename Expansion112115
Node: Pattern Matching115342
Node: Quote Removal121111
Node: Redirections121418
Node: Executing Commands131677
Node: Simple Command Expansion132347
Node: Command Search and Execution134458
Node: Command Execution Environment136905
Node: Environment140356
Node: Exit Status142262
Node: Signals144324
Node: Shell Scripts149275
Node: Shell Builtin Commands152576
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins154920
Node: Bash Builtins181642
Node: Modifying Shell Behavior218569
Node: The Set Builtin218914
Node: The Shopt Builtin230911
Node: Special Builtins247967
Node: Shell Variables248959
Node: Bourne Shell Variables249396
Node: Bash Variables251907
Node: Bash Features291194
Node: Invoking Bash292211
Node: Bash Startup Files298798
Node: Interactive Shells304043
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?304454
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?305119
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior305946
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions309710
Node: Shell Arithmetic315130
Node: Aliases318460
Node: Arrays321597
Node: The Directory Stack329188
Node: Directory Stack Builtins329988
Node: Controlling the Prompt334436
Node: The Restricted Shell337324
Node: Bash POSIX Mode340209
Node: Shell Compatibility Mode359159
Node: Job Control368169
Node: Job Control Basics368629
Node: Job Control Builtins375000
Node: Job Control Variables381791
Node: Command Line Editing383025
Node: Introduction and Notation384731
Node: Readline Interaction387086
Node: Readline Bare Essentials388277
Node: Readline Movement Commands390088
Node: Readline Killing Commands391087
Node: Readline Arguments393113
Node: Searching394206
Node: Readline Init File396452
Node: Readline Init File Syntax397758
Node: Conditional Init Constructs424712
Node: Sample Init File429100
Node: Bindable Readline Commands432223
Node: Commands For Moving433764
Node: Commands For History436231
Node: Commands For Text441625
Node: Commands For Killing445753
Node: Numeric Arguments448544
Node: Commands For Completion449699
Node: Keyboard Macros455398
Node: Miscellaneous Commands456102
Node: Readline vi Mode462672
Node: Programmable Completion463652
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins473391
Node: A Programmable Completion Example485131
Node: Using History Interactively490479
Node: Bash History Facilities491163
Node: Bash History Builtins494901
Node: History Interaction501375
Node: Event Designators506328
Node: Word Designators507909
Node: Modifiers510304
Node: Installing Bash512244
Node: Basic Installation513363
Node: Compilers and Options517242
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures517995
Node: Installation Names519751
Node: Specifying the System Type521988
Node: Sharing Defaults522737
Node: Operation Controls523454
Node: Optional Features524476
Node: Reporting Bugs537202
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell538562
Node: GNU Free Documentation License559992
Node: Indexes585172
Node: Builtin Index585626
Node: Reserved Word Index592727
Node: Variable Index595175
Node: Function Index612591
Node: Concept Index626589
Node: Top902
Node: Introduction2844
Node: What is Bash?3060
Node: What is a shell?4196
Node: Definitions6809
Node: Basic Shell Features10139
Node: Shell Syntax11366
Node: Shell Operation12396
Node: Quoting13690
Node: Escape Character15031
Node: Single Quotes15569
Node: Double Quotes15921
Node: ANSI-C Quoting17269
Node: Locale Translation18666
Node: Creating Internationalized Scripts20072
Node: Comments24273
Node: Shell Commands25043
Node: Reserved Words25985
Node: Simple Commands27131
Node: Pipelines27796
Node: Lists31055
Node: Compound Commands32978
Node: Looping Constructs33990
Node: Conditional Constructs36542
Node: Command Grouping51682
Node: Coprocesses53177
Node: GNU Parallel55866
Node: Shell Functions56787
Node: Shell Parameters65238
Node: Positional Parameters70142
Node: Special Parameters71235
Node: Shell Expansions74699
Node: Brace Expansion76891
Node: Tilde Expansion80230
Node: Shell Parameter Expansion83188
Node: Command Substitution103838
Node: Arithmetic Expansion107370
Node: Process Substitution108549
Node: Word Splitting109660
Node: Filename Expansion112107
Node: Pattern Matching115334
Node: Quote Removal121103
Node: Redirections121410
Node: Executing Commands131669
Node: Simple Command Expansion132339
Node: Command Search and Execution134450
Node: Command Execution Environment136897
Node: Environment140348
Node: Exit Status142254
Node: Signals144316
Node: Shell Scripts149267
Node: Shell Builtin Commands152568
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins154912
Node: Bash Builtins181634
Node: Modifying Shell Behavior219373
Node: The Set Builtin219718
Node: The Shopt Builtin231715
Node: Special Builtins248771
Node: Shell Variables249763
Node: Bourne Shell Variables250200
Node: Bash Variables252711
Node: Bash Features291998
Node: Invoking Bash293015
Node: Bash Startup Files299602
Node: Interactive Shells304847
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?305258
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?305923
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior306750
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions310514
Node: Shell Arithmetic315934
Node: Aliases319264
Node: Arrays322401
Node: The Directory Stack330107
Node: Directory Stack Builtins330907
Node: Controlling the Prompt335355
Node: The Restricted Shell338242
Node: Bash POSIX Mode341127
Node: Shell Compatibility Mode360077
Node: Job Control369087
Node: Job Control Basics369547
Node: Job Control Builtins375918
Node: Job Control Variables382709
Node: Command Line Editing383943
Node: Introduction and Notation385649
Node: Readline Interaction388004
Node: Readline Bare Essentials389195
Node: Readline Movement Commands391006
Node: Readline Killing Commands392005
Node: Readline Arguments394031
Node: Searching395124
Node: Readline Init File397370
Node: Readline Init File Syntax398676
Node: Conditional Init Constructs425630
Node: Sample Init File430018
Node: Bindable Readline Commands433141
Node: Commands For Moving434682
Node: Commands For History437149
Node: Commands For Text442543
Node: Commands For Killing446671
Node: Numeric Arguments449462
Node: Commands For Completion450617
Node: Keyboard Macros456316
Node: Miscellaneous Commands457020
Node: Readline vi Mode463590
Node: Programmable Completion464570
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins474309
Node: A Programmable Completion Example486049
Node: Using History Interactively491397
Node: Bash History Facilities492081
Node: Bash History Builtins495819
Node: History Interaction502293
Node: Event Designators507246
Node: Word Designators508827
Node: Modifiers511222
Node: Installing Bash513162
Node: Basic Installation514281
Node: Compilers and Options518160
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures518913
Node: Installation Names520669
Node: Specifying the System Type522906
Node: Sharing Defaults523655
Node: Operation Controls524372
Node: Optional Features525394
Node: Reporting Bugs538120
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell539480
Node: GNU Free Documentation License560910
Node: Indexes586090
Node: Builtin Index586544
Node: Reserved Word Index593645
Node: Variable Index596093
Node: Function Index613509
Node: Concept Index627507

End Tag Table
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+19 -20
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@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
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[1] Chapter 2 [2]
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[52]
[53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66] [67]
[68] [69] [70] [71] [72] [73]
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@@ -265,7 +264,7 @@ Chapter 7 [124] [125] [126] [127] [128]
texinfo.tex: doing @include of rluser.texi
(/usr/local/src/bash/bash-20251003/lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi Chapter 8
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[129] [130] [131] [132] [133] [134] [135] [136] [137] [138] [139] [140]
Underfull \hbox (badness 7540) in paragraph at lines 969--975
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@@ -314,10 +313,10 @@ gnored[]
texinfo.tex: doing @include of hsuser.texi
(/usr/local/src/bash/bash-20251003/lib/readline/doc/hsuser.texi Chapter 9
(/usr/local/src/bash/bash-20251201/lib/readline/doc/hsuser.texi Chapter 9
[167] [168] [169] [170] [171] [172] [173]) Chapter 10 [174] [175] [176]
[177] [178]
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[196] [197] [198]) Appendix D [199] [200] [201] [202] [203] [204] [205]
[206] [207] [208] )
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@@ -5573,10 +5573,28 @@ except that a leading plus or minus sign is allowed, and if the leading
character is a single or double quote, the value is the numeric value of
the following character, using the current locale.
Format specifiers may apply to the @var{n}th argument rather than the next
sequential argument.
In this case, the @samp{%} in the format specifier is replaced by the
sequence
@samp{%@var{n}$},
where @var{n} is a decimal integer greater than 0,
giving the argument number to use as the operand.
The format string should not mix numbered and unnumbered argument specifiers,
though this is allowed.
Unnumbered argument specifiers always refer to the next argument following
the last argument consumed by an unnumbered specifier; numbered argument
specifiers refer to absolute positions in the argument list.
The @var{format} is reused as necessary to consume all of the @var{arguments}.
If the @var{format} requires more @var{arguments} than are supplied, the
extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as
appropriate, had been supplied.
If @var{format} is reused, a numbered argument specifier
@samp{%@var{n}$}
refers to the @var{n}th argument following the highest numbered argument
consumed by the previous use of @var{format}.
The return value is zero on success,
non-zero if an invalid option is supplied or a write or assignment error
occurs.
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@numchapentry{Shell Builtin Commands}{4}{Shell Builtin Commands}{52}
@numsecentry{Bourne Shell Builtins}{4.1}{Bourne Shell Builtins}{52}
@numsecentry{Bash Builtin Commands}{4.2}{Bash Builtins}{61}
@numsecentry{Modifying Shell Behavior}{4.3}{Modifying Shell Behavior}{73}
@numsecentry{Modifying Shell Behavior}{4.3}{Modifying Shell Behavior}{74}
@numsubsecentry{The Set Builtin}{4.3.1}{The Set Builtin}{74}
@numsubsecentry{The Shopt Builtin}{4.3.2}{The Shopt Builtin}{78}
@numsecentry{Special Builtins}{4.4}{Special Builtins}{85}
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
@numsecentry{The Restricted Shell}{6.10}{The Restricted Shell}{115}
@numsecentry{Bash and POSIX}{6.11}{Bash POSIX Mode}{116}
@numsubsecentry{What is POSIX?}{6.11.1}{}{116}
@numsubsecentry{Bash POSIX Mode}{6.11.2}{}{116}
@numsubsecentry{Bash POSIX Mode}{6.11.2}{}{117}
@numsecentry{Shell Compatibility Mode}{6.12}{Shell Compatibility Mode}{121}
@numchapentry{Job Control}{7}{Job Control}{125}
@numsecentry{Job Control Basics}{7.1}{Job Control Basics}{125}
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Copyright (C) 1988-2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@end ignore
@set LASTCHANGE Mon Nov 17 11:37:24 EST 2025
@set LASTCHANGE Tue Dec 2 16:47:35 EST 2025
@set EDITION 5.3
@set VERSION 5.3
@set UPDATED 17 November 2025
@set UPDATED-MONTH November 2025
@set UPDATED 2 December 2025
@set UPDATED-MONTH December 2025
execute_cmd.c
+3 -2
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@@ -1688,8 +1688,9 @@ execute_in_subshell (COMMAND *command, int asynchronous, int pipe_in, int pipe_o
subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_COPROC;
}
/* clear the exit trap before checking for fatal signals */
clear_exit_trap ();
/* clear the exit trap before checking for fatal signals, but don't free
the trap command (see below). */
clear_exit_trap (0);
QUIT;
CHECK_TERMSIG;
tests/printf.right
+70
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@@ -397,3 +397,73 @@ VAR=[]
VAR=[X]
XY
XY
printf8.sub
three one
hello world
C B A
D
42 42
three one
four
11
22
A C B
D
A B A
01
01
001
2
01
01
1
1
three one one
four four
0
C A B B A
F D E E D
G H H G
== 6==
== 67==
== 67==
== 67==
====
== 67==
== ==
== 67==
== 7==
== 67==
== 78==
== 67==
== 789==
== 67==
== 789==
== 6==
== 67==
== 67==
==45==
==45==
==45==
== ==
==45==
== 4==
==45==
== 45==
==45==
==456==
==45==
==456==
1 2
A B
1
0001
0001
./printf8.sub: line 87: printf: `$': invalid format character
./printf8.sub: line 89: printf: `$': invalid format character
./printf8.sub: line 92: printf: A: invalid number
01$s B
./printf8.sub: line 95: printf: `$': invalid format character
tests/printf.tests
+1
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@@ -398,3 +398,4 @@ test_runsub ./printf5.sub
# multibyte characters with %ls/%S and %lc/%C
test_runsub ./printf6.sub
test_runsub ./printf7.sub
test_runsub ./printf8.sub
tests/printf8.sub
+95
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@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#
# tests for printf numbered conversion specifications, mostly from coreutils
# basic tests
printf '%3$s %1$s\n' one two three
printf '%2$s %1$s\n' world hello
printf '%3$s %2$s %1$s\n' A B C D
# repeat
printf '%1$d %1$d\n' 42
# reuse format string
printf '%3$s %1$s\n' one two three four
# repeat and reuse format string
printf '%1$d%1$d\n' 1 2
# cannot reliably mix numbered and unnumbered conversions
printf '%s %3$s %s\n' A B C D
printf '%s %s %1$s\n' A B
# sometimes these will work
printf '%1$*2$.*3$d\n' 1 3 2
printf '%3$*.*d\n' 3 2 1
# this is sketchy
printf '%1$*.*d\n' 1 3 2
printf '%3$*2$.*d\n' 2 3 1
printf '%3$*.*2$d\n' 3 2 1
printf '%2$*1$d\n' 4 1
printf '%2$*d\n' 4 1
printf '%3$s %1$s %s\n' one two three four
# numbered conversion out of range -- we don't do this on format reuse
printf '%2$d\n' 1
printf '%999$s\n' 1
printf '%3$s %s %2$s %s %1$s\n' A B C D E F G H
printf =='%3$*2$.*1$s==\n' 2 4 6
printf =='%3$*2$.*1$s==\n' 2 4 67
printf =='%3$*2$.*1$s==\n' 2 4 678
printf =='%3$*2$.*1$s==\n' 2 4 678 3
printf =='%3$*2$.*1$s==\n' 2 4 678 3 5
printf =='%3$*2$.*1$s==\n' 2 4 678 3 5 7
printf =='%3$*2$.*1$s==\n' 2 4 678 3 5 78
printf =='%3$*2$.*1$s==\n' 2 4 678 3 5 789
printf =='%3$*2$.*1$s==\n' 2 4 678 3 5 7890
printf =='%3$*.*2$s==\n' 4 2 6
printf =='%3$*.*2$s==\n' 4 2 67
printf =='%3$*.*2$s==\n' 4 2 678
printf =='%2$*1$.*1$s==\n' 2 45
printf =='%2$*1$.*1$s==\n' 2 456
printf =='%2$*1$.*1$s==\n' 2 456 3
printf =='%2$*1$.*1$s==\n' 2 456 3 4
printf =='%2$*1$.*1$s==\n' 2 456 3 45
printf =='%2$*1$.*1$s==\n' 2 456 3 456
printf =='%2$*1$.*1$s==\n' 2 456 3 4567
# someday I may take out this warning
printf '%s %s %999$s\n' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
echo
printf '%s %s %999$s\n' A B C D E F G H
echo
# flags come after numbered conversions
printf '%01$4d\n' 1 # 0 is not a flag here
printf '%1$04d\n' 1
printf '%1$0*2$d\n' 1 4
# negative numeric conversion not allowed, not a flag
printf '%-2$s %1$s\n' A B
# space not allowed, not a flag
printf '% 2$s %1$s\n' A B
# only base 10 accepted
printf '%0x1$s %2$s\n' A B
# have to have a digit before the $
printf '%$d\n' 1
trap.c
+6 -3
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@@ -1103,13 +1103,16 @@ run_trap_cleanup (int sig)
}
void
clear_exit_trap ()
clear_exit_trap (int freetrap)
{
if (sigmodes[EXIT_TRAP] & SIG_TRAPPED)
{
sigmodes[EXIT_TRAP] &= ~SIG_TRAPPED; /* XXX - SIG_INPROGRESS? */
free_trap_command (EXIT_TRAP);
trap_list[EXIT_TRAP] = (char *)NULL;
if (freetrap)
{
free_trap_command (EXIT_TRAP);
trap_list[EXIT_TRAP] = (char *)NULL;
}
}
}
trap.h
+1 -1
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@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ extern void set_signal (int, const char *);
extern void restore_default_signal (int);
extern void ignore_signal (int);
extern void clear_exit_trap (void);
extern void clear_exit_trap (int);
extern int run_exit_trap (void);
extern void run_trap_cleanup (int);
extern int run_debug_trap (void);