commit bash-20160129 snapshot

This commit is contained in:
Chet Ramey
2016-02-09 09:03:09 -05:00
parent 037a8b7fe4
commit d345f817ff
85 changed files with 7032 additions and 7018 deletions
+13
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@@ -10393,3 +10393,16 @@ lib/readline/text.c
key sequence and key sequence length when we read a character that is
not bound to self-insert. Bug report from Geir Hauge
<geir.hauge@gmail.com>
1/25
----
doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- word splitting: add example showing how -d'' is equivalent to -d
after word splitting and null argument removal
1/27
----
doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- read: modify description to make it more clear that the line is split
using the same rules as word splitting, and use `delimiters' instead
of `separators', which people read the wrong way
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is alias.def, from which is created alias.c
It implements the builtins "alias" and "unalias" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is bind.def, from which is created bind.c.
It implements the builtin "bind" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is cd.def, from which is created cd.c. It implements the
builtins "cd" and "pwd" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* common.c - utility functions for all builtins */
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is complete.def, from which is created complete.c.
It implements the builtins "complete", "compgen", and "compopt" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1999-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1999-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ $FUNCTION declare_builtin
$SHORT_DOC typeset [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] name[=value] ...
Set variable values and attributes.
Obsolete. See `help declare'.
A synonym for `declare'. See `help declare'.
$END
#include <config.h>
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is echo.def, from which is created echo.c.
It implements the builtin "echo" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is enable.def, from which is created enable.c.
It implements the builtin "enable" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is eval.def, from which is created eval.c.
It implements the builtin "eval" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* evalfile.c - read and evaluate commands from a file or file descriptor */
/* Copyright (C) 1996-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1996-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is exec.def, from which is created exec.c.
It implements the builtin "exec" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is fc.def, from which is created fc.c.
It implements the builtin "fc" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is getopts.def, from which is created getopts.c.
It implements the builtin "getopts" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is hash.def, from which is created hash.c.
It implements the builtin "hash" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is help.def, from which is created help.c.
It implements the builtin "help" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is history.def, from which is created history.c.
It implements the builtin "history" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is jobs.def, from which is created jobs.c.
It implements the builtins "jobs" and "disown" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
/* mkbuiltins.c - Create builtins.c, builtext.h, and builtdoc.c from
a single source file called builtins.def. */
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is printf.def, from which is created printf.c.
It implements the builtin "printf" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1997-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1997-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is pushd.def, from which is created pushd.c. It implements the
builtins "pushd", "popd", and "dirs" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is read.def, from which is created read.c.
It implements the builtin "read" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is shopt.def, from which is created shopt.c.
It implements the Bash `shopt' builtin.
Copyright (C) 1994-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1994-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is source.def, from which is created source.c.
It implements the builtins "." and "source" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is suspend.def, from which is created suspend.c.
It implements the builtin "suspend" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is test.def, from which is created test.c.
It implements the builtin "test" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is trap.def, from which is created trap.c.
It implements the builtin "trap" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is ulimit.def, from which is created ulimit.c.
It implements the builtin "ulimit" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
This file is umask.def, from which is created umask.c.
It implements the builtin "umask" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
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+13 -7
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@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@
.\" Case Western Reserve University
.\" chet.ramey@case.edu
.\"
.\" Last Change: Mon Nov 16 10:54:48 EST 2015
.\" Last Change: Wed Jan 27 14:48:54 EST 2016
.\"
.\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
.if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
.if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
.TH BASH 1 "2015 November 16" "GNU Bash 4.4"
.TH BASH 1 "2016 January 27" "GNU Bash 4.4"
.\"
.\" There's some problem with having a `@'
.\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ bash \- GNU Bourne-Again SHell
[options]
[command_string | file]
.SH COPYRIGHT
.if n Bash is Copyright (C) 1989-2015 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
.if t Bash is Copyright \(co 1989-2015 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
.if n Bash is Copyright (C) 1989-2016 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
.if t Bash is Copyright \(co 1989-2016 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B Bash
is an \fBsh\fR-compatible command language interpreter that
@@ -3393,6 +3393,9 @@ null argument results and is retained
and passed to a command as an empty string.
When a quoted null argument appears as part of a word whose expansion is
non-null, the null argument is removed.
That is, the word
\f(CW\-d\(aq\^\(aq\fP becomes \f(CW\-d\fP after word splitting and
null argument removal.
.PP
Note that if no expansion occurs, no splitting
is performed.
@@ -8780,13 +8783,16 @@ invalid option is supplied.
.TP
\fBread\fP [\fB\-ers\fP] [\fB\-a\fP \fIaname\fP] [\fB\-d\fP \fIdelim\fP] [\fB\-i\fP \fItext\fP] [\fB\-n\fP \fInchars\fP] [\fB\-N\fP \fInchars\fP] [\fB\-p\fP \fIprompt\fP] [\fB\-t\fP \fItimeout\fP] [\fB\-u\fP \fIfd\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor
\fIfd\fP supplied as an argument to the \fB\-u\fP option, and the first word
\fIfd\fP supplied as an argument to the \fB\-u\fP option,
split into words as described above under \fBWord Splitting\fP,
and the first word
is assigned to the first
.IR name ,
the second word to the second
.IR name ,
and so on, with leftover words and their intervening separators assigned
to the last
and so on.
If there are more words than names, the remaining words and their
intervening delimiters are assigned to the last
.IR name .
If there are fewer words read from the input stream than names,
the remaining names are assigned empty values.
+7 -4
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@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
</HEAD>
<BODY><TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2015 November 16<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2016 January 25<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ bash - GNU Bourne-Again SHell
<H3>COPYRIGHT</H3>
Bash is Copyright &#169; 1989-2015 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Bash is Copyright &#169; 1989-2016 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
<A NAME="lbAE">&nbsp;</A>
<H3>DESCRIPTION</H3>
@@ -4274,6 +4274,9 @@ null argument results and is retained
and passed to a command as an empty string.
When a quoted null argument appears as part of a word whose expansion is
non-null, the null argument is removed.
That is, the word
<TT>-daqaq</TT> becomes <TT>-d</TT> after word splitting and
null argument removal.
<P>
Note that if no expansion occurs, no splitting
@@ -13471,7 +13474,7 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
<HR>
<TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash 4.4<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2015 November 16<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash 4.4<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2016 January 25<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<HR>
@@ -13577,6 +13580,6 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
</DL>
<HR>
This document was created by man2html from bash.1.<BR>
Time: 20 January 2016 13:59:15 EST
Time: 25 January 2016 10:12:33 EST
</BODY>
</HTML>
+136 -135
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@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ This is bash.info, produced by makeinfo version 6.0 from
bashref.texi.
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
Bash shell (version 4.4, 16 November 2015).
Bash shell (version 4.4, 25 January 2016).
This is Edition 4.4, last updated 16 November 2015, of 'The GNU Bash
This is Edition 4.4, last updated 25 January 2016, of 'The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 4.4.
Copyright (C) 1988-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1988-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ Bash Features
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
Bash shell (version 4.4, 16 November 2015). The Bash home page is
Bash shell (version 4.4, 25 January 2016). The Bash home page is
<http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/>.
This is Edition 4.4, last updated 16 November 2015, of 'The GNU Bash
This is Edition 4.4, last updated 25 January 2016, of 'The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 4.4.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
@@ -2012,7 +2012,8 @@ from the expansion of parameters that have no values, are removed. If a
parameter with no value is expanded within double quotes, a null
argument results and is retained and passed to a command as an empty
string. When a quoted null argument appears as part of a word whose
expansion is non-null, the null argument is removed.
expansion is non-null, the null argument is removed. That is, the word
'-d''' becomes '-d' after word splitting and null argument removal.
Note that if no expansion occurs, no splitting is performed.
@@ -11317,134 +11318,134 @@ D.5 Concept Index

Tag Table:
Node: Top897
Node: Introduction2817
Node: What is Bash?3033
Node: What is a shell?4147
Node: Definitions6685
Node: Basic Shell Features9623
Node: Shell Syntax10842
Node: Shell Operation11868
Node: Quoting13161
Node: Escape Character14461
Node: Single Quotes14946
Node: Double Quotes15294
Node: ANSI-C Quoting16572
Node: Locale Translation17825
Node: Comments18721
Node: Shell Commands19339
Node: Simple Commands20211
Node: Pipelines20842
Node: Lists23585
Node: Compound Commands25314
Node: Looping Constructs26317
Node: Conditional Constructs28780
Node: Command Grouping39701
Node: Coprocesses41180
Node: GNU Parallel43012
Node: Shell Functions46985
Node: Shell Parameters52191
Node: Positional Parameters56593
Node: Special Parameters57493
Node: Shell Expansions60830
Node: Brace Expansion62767
Node: Tilde Expansion65548
Node: Shell Parameter Expansion67896
Node: Command Substitution82028
Node: Arithmetic Expansion83383
Node: Process Substitution84315
Node: Word Splitting85435
Node: Filename Expansion87292
Node: Pattern Matching89576
Node: Quote Removal93274
Node: Redirections93569
Node: Executing Commands102818
Node: Simple Command Expansion103488
Node: Command Search and Execution105418
Node: Command Execution Environment107754
Node: Environment110738
Node: Exit Status112397
Node: Signals114067
Node: Shell Scripts116034
Node: Shell Builtin Commands118549
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins120583
Node: Bash Builtins141185
Node: Modifying Shell Behavior169701
Node: The Set Builtin170046
Node: The Shopt Builtin180459
Node: Special Builtins196079
Node: Shell Variables197058
Node: Bourne Shell Variables197495
Node: Bash Variables199526
Node: Bash Features227790
Node: Invoking Bash228689
Node: Bash Startup Files234638
Node: Interactive Shells239741
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?240151
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?240800
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior241615
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions244990
Node: Shell Arithmetic248991
Node: Aliases251768
Node: Arrays254316
Node: The Directory Stack259400
Node: Directory Stack Builtins260184
Node: Controlling the Prompt263152
Node: The Restricted Shell265898
Node: Bash POSIX Mode267723
Node: Job Control277635
Node: Job Control Basics278095
Node: Job Control Builtins282814
Node: Job Control Variables287344
Node: Command Line Editing288500
Node: Introduction and Notation290171
Node: Readline Interaction291794
Node: Readline Bare Essentials292985
Node: Readline Movement Commands294768
Node: Readline Killing Commands295728
Node: Readline Arguments297646
Node: Searching298690
Node: Readline Init File300876
Node: Readline Init File Syntax302023
Node: Conditional Init Constructs321787
Node: Sample Init File324312
Node: Bindable Readline Commands327429
Node: Commands For Moving328633
Node: Commands For History329776
Node: Commands For Text334065
Node: Commands For Killing337454
Node: Numeric Arguments339935
Node: Commands For Completion341074
Node: Keyboard Macros345265
Node: Miscellaneous Commands345952
Node: Readline vi Mode351756
Node: Programmable Completion352663
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins360124
Node: A Programmable Completion Example370010
Node: Using History Interactively375262
Node: Bash History Facilities375946
Node: Bash History Builtins378947
Node: History Interaction382944
Node: Event Designators385908
Node: Word Designators387127
Node: Modifiers388764
Node: Installing Bash390166
Node: Basic Installation391303
Node: Compilers and Options393994
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures394735
Node: Installation Names396398
Node: Specifying the System Type397216
Node: Sharing Defaults397932
Node: Operation Controls398605
Node: Optional Features399563
Node: Reporting Bugs409820
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell411014
Node: GNU Free Documentation License427866
Node: Indexes453043
Node: Builtin Index453497
Node: Reserved Word Index460324
Node: Variable Index462772
Node: Function Index478231
Node: Concept Index491451
Node: Top895
Node: Introduction2813
Node: What is Bash?3029
Node: What is a shell?4143
Node: Definitions6681
Node: Basic Shell Features9619
Node: Shell Syntax10838
Node: Shell Operation11864
Node: Quoting13157
Node: Escape Character14457
Node: Single Quotes14942
Node: Double Quotes15290
Node: ANSI-C Quoting16568
Node: Locale Translation17821
Node: Comments18717
Node: Shell Commands19335
Node: Simple Commands20207
Node: Pipelines20838
Node: Lists23581
Node: Compound Commands25310
Node: Looping Constructs26313
Node: Conditional Constructs28776
Node: Command Grouping39697
Node: Coprocesses41176
Node: GNU Parallel43008
Node: Shell Functions46981
Node: Shell Parameters52187
Node: Positional Parameters56589
Node: Special Parameters57489
Node: Shell Expansions60826
Node: Brace Expansion62763
Node: Tilde Expansion65544
Node: Shell Parameter Expansion67892
Node: Command Substitution82024
Node: Arithmetic Expansion83379
Node: Process Substitution84311
Node: Word Splitting85431
Node: Filename Expansion87375
Node: Pattern Matching89659
Node: Quote Removal93357
Node: Redirections93652
Node: Executing Commands102901
Node: Simple Command Expansion103571
Node: Command Search and Execution105501
Node: Command Execution Environment107837
Node: Environment110821
Node: Exit Status112480
Node: Signals114150
Node: Shell Scripts116117
Node: Shell Builtin Commands118632
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins120666
Node: Bash Builtins141268
Node: Modifying Shell Behavior169784
Node: The Set Builtin170129
Node: The Shopt Builtin180542
Node: Special Builtins196162
Node: Shell Variables197141
Node: Bourne Shell Variables197578
Node: Bash Variables199609
Node: Bash Features227873
Node: Invoking Bash228772
Node: Bash Startup Files234721
Node: Interactive Shells239824
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?240234
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?240883
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior241698
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions245073
Node: Shell Arithmetic249074
Node: Aliases251851
Node: Arrays254399
Node: The Directory Stack259483
Node: Directory Stack Builtins260267
Node: Controlling the Prompt263235
Node: The Restricted Shell265981
Node: Bash POSIX Mode267806
Node: Job Control277718
Node: Job Control Basics278178
Node: Job Control Builtins282897
Node: Job Control Variables287427
Node: Command Line Editing288583
Node: Introduction and Notation290254
Node: Readline Interaction291877
Node: Readline Bare Essentials293068
Node: Readline Movement Commands294851
Node: Readline Killing Commands295811
Node: Readline Arguments297729
Node: Searching298773
Node: Readline Init File300959
Node: Readline Init File Syntax302106
Node: Conditional Init Constructs321870
Node: Sample Init File324395
Node: Bindable Readline Commands327512
Node: Commands For Moving328716
Node: Commands For History329859
Node: Commands For Text334148
Node: Commands For Killing337537
Node: Numeric Arguments340018
Node: Commands For Completion341157
Node: Keyboard Macros345348
Node: Miscellaneous Commands346035
Node: Readline vi Mode351839
Node: Programmable Completion352746
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins360207
Node: A Programmable Completion Example370093
Node: Using History Interactively375345
Node: Bash History Facilities376029
Node: Bash History Builtins379030
Node: History Interaction383027
Node: Event Designators385991
Node: Word Designators387210
Node: Modifiers388847
Node: Installing Bash390249
Node: Basic Installation391386
Node: Compilers and Options394077
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures394818
Node: Installation Names396481
Node: Specifying the System Type397299
Node: Sharing Defaults398015
Node: Operation Controls398688
Node: Optional Features399646
Node: Reporting Bugs409903
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell411097
Node: GNU Free Documentation License427949
Node: Indexes453126
Node: Builtin Index453580
Node: Reserved Word Index460407
Node: Variable Index462855
Node: Function Index478314
Node: Concept Index491534

End Tag Table
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@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<!-- This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
the Bash shell (version 4.4, 16 November 2015).
the Bash shell (version 4.4, 25 January 2016).
This is Edition 4.4, last updated 16 November 2015,
This is Edition 4.4, last updated 25 January 2016,
of The GNU Bash Reference Manual,
for Bash, Version 4.4.
Copyright (C) 1988-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1988-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
@@ -285,10 +285,10 @@ Next: <a href="#Introduction" accesskey="n" rel="next">Introduction</a>, Previou
<h1 class="top">Bash Features</h1>
<p>This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
the Bash shell (version 4.4, 16 November 2015).
the Bash shell (version 4.4, 25 January 2016).
The Bash home page is <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/">http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/</a>.
</p>
<p>This is Edition 4.4, last updated 16 November 2015,
<p>This is Edition 4.4, last updated 25 January 2016,
of <cite>The GNU Bash Reference Manual</cite>,
for <code>Bash</code>, Version 4.4.
</p>
@@ -2926,6 +2926,9 @@ null argument results and is retained
and passed to a command as an empty string.
When a quoted null argument appears as part of a word whose expansion is
non-null, the null argument is removed.
That is, the word
<code>-d''</code> becomes <code>-d</code> after word splitting and
null argument removal.
</p>
<p>Note that if no expansion occurs, no splitting
is performed.
+136 -135
View File
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 6.0 from
bashref.texi.
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
Bash shell (version 4.4, 16 November 2015).
Bash shell (version 4.4, 25 January 2016).
This is Edition 4.4, last updated 16 November 2015, of 'The GNU Bash
This is Edition 4.4, last updated 25 January 2016, of 'The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 4.4.
Copyright (C) 1988-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1988-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ Bash Features
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
Bash shell (version 4.4, 16 November 2015). The Bash home page is
Bash shell (version 4.4, 25 January 2016). The Bash home page is
<http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/>.
This is Edition 4.4, last updated 16 November 2015, of 'The GNU Bash
This is Edition 4.4, last updated 25 January 2016, of 'The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 4.4.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
@@ -2012,7 +2012,8 @@ from the expansion of parameters that have no values, are removed. If a
parameter with no value is expanded within double quotes, a null
argument results and is retained and passed to a command as an empty
string. When a quoted null argument appears as part of a word whose
expansion is non-null, the null argument is removed.
expansion is non-null, the null argument is removed. That is, the word
'-d''' becomes '-d' after word splitting and null argument removal.
Note that if no expansion occurs, no splitting is performed.
@@ -11317,134 +11318,134 @@ D.5 Concept Index

Tag Table:
Node: Top897
Node: Introduction2817
Node: What is Bash?3033
Node: What is a shell?4147
Node: Definitions6685
Node: Basic Shell Features9623
Node: Shell Syntax10842
Node: Shell Operation11868
Node: Quoting13161
Node: Escape Character14461
Node: Single Quotes14946
Node: Double Quotes15294
Node: ANSI-C Quoting16572
Node: Locale Translation17825
Node: Comments18721
Node: Shell Commands19339
Node: Simple Commands20211
Node: Pipelines20842
Node: Lists23585
Node: Compound Commands25314
Node: Looping Constructs26317
Node: Conditional Constructs28780
Node: Command Grouping39701
Node: Coprocesses41180
Node: GNU Parallel43012
Node: Shell Functions46985
Node: Shell Parameters52191
Node: Positional Parameters56593
Node: Special Parameters57493
Node: Shell Expansions60830
Node: Brace Expansion62767
Node: Tilde Expansion65548
Node: Shell Parameter Expansion67896
Node: Command Substitution82028
Node: Arithmetic Expansion83383
Node: Process Substitution84315
Node: Word Splitting85435
Node: Filename Expansion87292
Node: Pattern Matching89576
Node: Quote Removal93274
Node: Redirections93569
Node: Executing Commands102818
Node: Simple Command Expansion103488
Node: Command Search and Execution105418
Node: Command Execution Environment107754
Node: Environment110738
Node: Exit Status112397
Node: Signals114067
Node: Shell Scripts116034
Node: Shell Builtin Commands118549
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins120583
Node: Bash Builtins141185
Node: Modifying Shell Behavior169701
Node: The Set Builtin170046
Node: The Shopt Builtin180459
Node: Special Builtins196079
Node: Shell Variables197058
Node: Bourne Shell Variables197495
Node: Bash Variables199526
Node: Bash Features227790
Node: Invoking Bash228689
Node: Bash Startup Files234638
Node: Interactive Shells239741
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?240151
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?240800
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior241615
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions244990
Node: Shell Arithmetic248991
Node: Aliases251768
Node: Arrays254316
Node: The Directory Stack259400
Node: Directory Stack Builtins260184
Node: Controlling the Prompt263152
Node: The Restricted Shell265898
Node: Bash POSIX Mode267723
Node: Job Control277635
Node: Job Control Basics278095
Node: Job Control Builtins282814
Node: Job Control Variables287344
Node: Command Line Editing288500
Node: Introduction and Notation290171
Node: Readline Interaction291794
Node: Readline Bare Essentials292985
Node: Readline Movement Commands294768
Node: Readline Killing Commands295728
Node: Readline Arguments297646
Node: Searching298690
Node: Readline Init File300876
Node: Readline Init File Syntax302023
Node: Conditional Init Constructs321787
Node: Sample Init File324312
Node: Bindable Readline Commands327429
Node: Commands For Moving328633
Node: Commands For History329776
Node: Commands For Text334065
Node: Commands For Killing337454
Node: Numeric Arguments339935
Node: Commands For Completion341074
Node: Keyboard Macros345265
Node: Miscellaneous Commands345952
Node: Readline vi Mode351756
Node: Programmable Completion352663
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins360124
Node: A Programmable Completion Example370010
Node: Using History Interactively375262
Node: Bash History Facilities375946
Node: Bash History Builtins378947
Node: History Interaction382944
Node: Event Designators385908
Node: Word Designators387127
Node: Modifiers388764
Node: Installing Bash390166
Node: Basic Installation391303
Node: Compilers and Options393994
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures394735
Node: Installation Names396398
Node: Specifying the System Type397216
Node: Sharing Defaults397932
Node: Operation Controls398605
Node: Optional Features399563
Node: Reporting Bugs409820
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell411014
Node: GNU Free Documentation License427866
Node: Indexes453043
Node: Builtin Index453497
Node: Reserved Word Index460324
Node: Variable Index462772
Node: Function Index478231
Node: Concept Index491451
Node: Top895
Node: Introduction2813
Node: What is Bash?3029
Node: What is a shell?4143
Node: Definitions6681
Node: Basic Shell Features9619
Node: Shell Syntax10838
Node: Shell Operation11864
Node: Quoting13157
Node: Escape Character14457
Node: Single Quotes14942
Node: Double Quotes15290
Node: ANSI-C Quoting16568
Node: Locale Translation17821
Node: Comments18717
Node: Shell Commands19335
Node: Simple Commands20207
Node: Pipelines20838
Node: Lists23581
Node: Compound Commands25310
Node: Looping Constructs26313
Node: Conditional Constructs28776
Node: Command Grouping39697
Node: Coprocesses41176
Node: GNU Parallel43008
Node: Shell Functions46981
Node: Shell Parameters52187
Node: Positional Parameters56589
Node: Special Parameters57489
Node: Shell Expansions60826
Node: Brace Expansion62763
Node: Tilde Expansion65544
Node: Shell Parameter Expansion67892
Node: Command Substitution82024
Node: Arithmetic Expansion83379
Node: Process Substitution84311
Node: Word Splitting85431
Node: Filename Expansion87375
Node: Pattern Matching89659
Node: Quote Removal93357
Node: Redirections93652
Node: Executing Commands102901
Node: Simple Command Expansion103571
Node: Command Search and Execution105501
Node: Command Execution Environment107837
Node: Environment110821
Node: Exit Status112480
Node: Signals114150
Node: Shell Scripts116117
Node: Shell Builtin Commands118632
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins120666
Node: Bash Builtins141268
Node: Modifying Shell Behavior169784
Node: The Set Builtin170129
Node: The Shopt Builtin180542
Node: Special Builtins196162
Node: Shell Variables197141
Node: Bourne Shell Variables197578
Node: Bash Variables199609
Node: Bash Features227873
Node: Invoking Bash228772
Node: Bash Startup Files234721
Node: Interactive Shells239824
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?240234
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?240883
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior241698
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions245073
Node: Shell Arithmetic249074
Node: Aliases251851
Node: Arrays254399
Node: The Directory Stack259483
Node: Directory Stack Builtins260267
Node: Controlling the Prompt263235
Node: The Restricted Shell265981
Node: Bash POSIX Mode267806
Node: Job Control277718
Node: Job Control Basics278178
Node: Job Control Builtins282897
Node: Job Control Variables287427
Node: Command Line Editing288583
Node: Introduction and Notation290254
Node: Readline Interaction291877
Node: Readline Bare Essentials293068
Node: Readline Movement Commands294851
Node: Readline Killing Commands295811
Node: Readline Arguments297729
Node: Searching298773
Node: Readline Init File300959
Node: Readline Init File Syntax302106
Node: Conditional Init Constructs321870
Node: Sample Init File324395
Node: Bindable Readline Commands327512
Node: Commands For Moving328716
Node: Commands For History329859
Node: Commands For Text334148
Node: Commands For Killing337537
Node: Numeric Arguments340018
Node: Commands For Completion341157
Node: Keyboard Macros345348
Node: Miscellaneous Commands346035
Node: Readline vi Mode351839
Node: Programmable Completion352746
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins360207
Node: A Programmable Completion Example370093
Node: Using History Interactively375345
Node: Bash History Facilities376029
Node: Bash History Builtins379030
Node: History Interaction383027
Node: Event Designators385991
Node: Word Designators387210
Node: Modifiers388847
Node: Installing Bash390249
Node: Basic Installation391386
Node: Compilers and Options394077
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures394818
Node: Installation Names396481
Node: Specifying the System Type397299
Node: Sharing Defaults398015
Node: Operation Controls398688
Node: Optional Features399646
Node: Reporting Bugs409903
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell411097
Node: GNU Free Documentation License427949
Node: Indexes453126
Node: Builtin Index453580
Node: Reserved Word Index460407
Node: Variable Index462855
Node: Function Index478314
Node: Concept Index491534

End Tag Table
+8 -8
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@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ arallel -k traceroute[]
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[44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53]
Overfull \hbox (26.76846pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4258--4258
Overfull \hbox (26.76846pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4261--4261
[]@texttt mapfile [-d @textttsl de-lim@texttt ] [-n @textttsl count@texttt ] [
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d@texttt ][]
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ d@texttt ][]
.etc.
[54] [55]
Overfull \hbox (38.26584pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4458--4458
Overfull \hbox (38.26584pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4461--4461
[]@texttt readarray [-d @textttsl de-lim@texttt ] [-n @textttsl count@texttt ]
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@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ Overfull \hbox (38.26584pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4458--4458
[56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66] [67] [68] Chapter 5
[69] [70] [71] [72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] [79] Chapter 6 [80]
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Overfull \hbox (49.43388pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 6167--6167
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Ft(C)p Fu(',)g(or)f(enable)h(the)630 4975 y Ft(globasciiranges)c
Fu(shell)31 b(option.)630 5103 y(Within)23 b(`)p Ft([)p
Fu(')h(and)e(`)p Ft(])p Fu(',)j Fr(c)m(haracter)g(classes)j
Fu(can)c(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)h(using)f(the)i(syn)m(tax)f
Ft([:)p Fr(class)t Ft(:])p Fu(,)630 5094 y(where)30 b
Ft([:)p Fr(class)t Ft(:])p Fu(,)630 5212 y(where)30 b
Fr(class)35 b Fu(is)30 b(one)h(of)f(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(classes)f
(de\014ned)e(in)h(the)h Fm(posix)f Fu(standard:)870 5230
(de\014ned)e(in)h(the)h Fm(posix)f Fu(standard:)870 5340
y Ft(alnum)142 b(alpha)g(ascii)f(blank)h(cntrl)g(digit)g(graph)g(lower)
870 5340 y(print)g(punct)g(space)f(upper)h(word)190 b(xdigit)p
eop end
p eop end
%%Page: 32 38
TeXDict begin 32 37 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(32)630 299
y(A)42 b(c)m(haracter)h(class)f(matc)m(hes)h(an)m(y)f(c)m(haracter)h(b)
s(elonging)f(to)g(that)g(class.)75 b(The)41 b Ft(word)630
408 y Fu(c)m(haracter)32 b(class)f(matc)m(hes)h(letters,)f(digits,)h
(and)d(the)i(c)m(haracter)h(`)p Ft(_)p Fu('.)630 545
y(Within)25 b(`)p Ft([)p Fu(')f(and)g(`)p Ft(])p Fu(',)i(an)e
Fr(equiv)-5 b(alence)26 b(class)j Fu(can)24 b(b)s(e)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g
(using)g(the)g(syn)m(tax)h Ft([=)p Fr(c)6 b Ft(=])p Fu(,)630
655 y(whic)m(h)29 b(matc)m(hes)i(all)f(c)m(haracters)h(with)e(the)h
(same)g(collation)h(w)m(eigh)m(t)g(\(as)f(de\014ned)e(b)m(y)i(the)630
765 y(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale\))j(as)d(the)h(c)m(haracter)h
Fr(c)p Fu(.)630 901 y(Within)22 b(`)p Ft([)p Fu(')f(and)g(`)p
Ft(])p Fu(',)j(the)d(syn)m(tax)h Ft([.)p Fr(sym)m(b)s(ol)t
Ft(.])e Fu(matc)m(hes)i(the)g(collating)i(sym)m(b)s(ol)d
Fr(sym)m(b)s(ol)p Fu(.)275 1068 y(If)29 b(the)g Ft(extglob)f
Fu(shell)h(option)h(is)g(enabled)f(using)g(the)h Ft(shopt)e
Fu(builtin,)h(sev)m(eral)i(extended)f(pattern)150 1178
y(matc)m(hing)37 b(op)s(erators)e(are)h(recognized.)58
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(32)870 299
y Ft(print)142 b(punct)g(space)f(upper)h(word)190 b(xdigit)630
430 y Fu(A)42 b(c)m(haracter)h(class)f(matc)m(hes)h(an)m(y)f(c)m
(haracter)h(b)s(elonging)f(to)g(that)g(class.)75 b(The)41
b Ft(word)630 539 y Fu(c)m(haracter)32 b(class)f(matc)m(hes)h(letters,)
f(digits,)h(and)d(the)i(c)m(haracter)h(`)p Ft(_)p Fu('.)630
670 y(Within)25 b(`)p Ft([)p Fu(')f(and)g(`)p Ft(])p
Fu(',)i(an)e Fr(equiv)-5 b(alence)26 b(class)j Fu(can)24
b(b)s(e)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(using)g(the)g(syn)m(tax)h
Ft([=)p Fr(c)6 b Ft(=])p Fu(,)630 780 y(whic)m(h)29 b(matc)m(hes)i(all)
f(c)m(haracters)h(with)e(the)h(same)g(collation)h(w)m(eigh)m(t)g(\(as)f
(de\014ned)e(b)m(y)i(the)630 890 y(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale\))j(as)d(the)
h(c)m(haracter)h Fr(c)p Fu(.)630 1021 y(Within)22 b(`)p
Ft([)p Fu(')f(and)g(`)p Ft(])p Fu(',)j(the)d(syn)m(tax)h
Ft([.)p Fr(sym)m(b)s(ol)t Ft(.])e Fu(matc)m(hes)i(the)g(collating)i
(sym)m(b)s(ol)d Fr(sym)m(b)s(ol)p Fu(.)275 1173 y(If)29
b(the)g Ft(extglob)f Fu(shell)h(option)h(is)g(enabled)f(using)g(the)h
Ft(shopt)e Fu(builtin,)h(sev)m(eral)i(extended)f(pattern)150
1283 y(matc)m(hing)37 b(op)s(erators)e(are)h(recognized.)58
b(In)35 b(the)g(follo)m(wing)i(description,)g(a)f Fr(pattern-list)j
Fu(is)d(a)g(list)g(of)150 1287 y(one)d(or)f(more)h(patterns)f
Fu(is)d(a)g(list)g(of)150 1392 y(one)d(or)f(more)h(patterns)f
(separated)h(b)m(y)f(a)h(`)p Ft(|)p Fu('.)47 b(Comp)s(osite)33
b(patterns)f(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)d(formed)h(using)g(one)h(or)150
1397 y(more)e(of)f(the)h(follo)m(wing)g(sub-patterns:)150
1564 y Ft(?\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 1673 y Fu(Matc)m(hes)h
1502 y(more)e(of)f(the)h(follo)m(wing)g(sub-patterns:)150
1654 y Ft(?\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 1764 y Fu(Matc)m(hes)h
(zero)f(or)g(one)f(o)s(ccurrence)h(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g(patterns.)150
1837 y Ft(*\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 1947 y Fu(Matc)m(hes)h
1916 y Ft(*\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 2026 y Fu(Matc)m(hes)h
(zero)f(or)g(more)f(o)s(ccurrences)h(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g(patterns.)
150 2111 y Ft(+\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 2221
150 2178 y Ft(+\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 2288
y Fu(Matc)m(hes)h(one)f(or)f(more)h(o)s(ccurrences)f(of)h(the)f(giv)m
(en)i(patterns.)150 2385 y Ft(@\()p Fj(pattern-list)p
Ft(\))630 2495 y Fu(Matc)m(hes)g(one)f(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g(patterns.)
150 2659 y Ft(!\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 2769
(en)i(patterns.)150 2440 y Ft(@\()p Fj(pattern-list)p
Ft(\))630 2550 y Fu(Matc)m(hes)g(one)f(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g(patterns.)
150 2702 y Ft(!\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 2811
y Fu(Matc)m(hes)h(an)m(ything)f(except)g(one)g(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g
(patterns.)150 2973 y Fk(3.5.9)63 b(Quote)41 b(Remo)m(v)-7
b(al)150 3120 y Fu(After)32 b(the)g(preceding)g(expansions,)h(all)f
(patterns.)150 3004 y Fk(3.5.9)63 b(Quote)41 b(Remo)m(v)-7
b(al)150 3151 y Fu(After)32 b(the)g(preceding)g(expansions,)h(all)f
(unquoted)f(o)s(ccurrences)h(of)g(the)h(c)m(haracters)g(`)p
Ft(\\)p Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(')p Fu(',)f(and)g(`)p Ft(")p Fu(')150
3229 y(that)f(did)f(not)g(result)g(from)g(one)h(of)g(the)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m
(e)i(expansions)e(are)h(remo)m(v)m(ed.)150 3477 y Fs(3.6)68
b(Redirections)150 3637 y Fu(Before)32 b(a)f(command)f(is)h(executed,)h
3260 y(that)f(did)f(not)g(result)g(from)g(one)h(of)g(the)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m
(e)i(expansions)e(are)h(remo)m(v)m(ed.)150 3494 y Fs(3.6)68
b(Redirections)150 3653 y Fu(Before)32 b(a)f(command)f(is)h(executed,)h
(its)f(input)e(and)h(output)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f Fr(redirected)k
Fu(using)c(a)i(sp)s(ecial)f(no-)150 3746 y(tation)d(in)m(terpreted)f(b)
Fu(using)c(a)i(sp)s(ecial)f(no-)150 3763 y(tation)d(in)m(terpreted)f(b)
m(y)f(the)h(shell.)40 b(Redirection)27 b(allo)m(ws)h(commands')f
(\014le)f(handles)g(to)i(b)s(e)e(duplicated,)150 3856
(\014le)f(handles)g(to)i(b)s(e)e(duplicated,)150 3873
y(op)s(ened,)i(closed,)i(made)e(to)h(refer)f(to)h(di\013eren)m(t)f
(\014les,)h(and)f(can)g(c)m(hange)h(the)g(\014les)f(the)g(command)g
(reads)150 3965 y(from)39 b(and)g(writes)h(to.)69 b(Redirection)40
(reads)150 3982 y(from)39 b(and)g(writes)h(to.)69 b(Redirection)40
b(ma)m(y)g(also)h(b)s(e)e(used)g(to)h(mo)s(dify)f(\014le)g(handles)g
(in)g(the)h(curren)m(t)150 4075 y(shell)e(execution)h(en)m(vironmen)m
(in)g(the)h(curren)m(t)150 4092 y(shell)e(execution)h(en)m(vironmen)m
(t.)65 b(The)37 b(follo)m(wing)j(redirection)f(op)s(erators)f(ma)m(y)g
(precede)h(or)f(app)s(ear)150 4185 y(an)m(ywhere)30 b(within)f(a)h
(precede)h(or)f(app)s(ear)150 4201 y(an)m(ywhere)30 b(within)f(a)h
(simple)f(command)h(or)f(ma)m(y)i(follo)m(w)g(a)f(command.)40
b(Redirections)30 b(are)g(pro)s(cessed)150 4294 y(in)g(the)h(order)f
b(Redirections)30 b(are)g(pro)s(cessed)150 4311 y(in)g(the)h(order)f
(they)g(app)s(ear,)g(from)g(left)h(to)g(righ)m(t.)275
4434 y(Eac)m(h)45 b(redirection)h(that)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(preceded)g(b)
4442 y(Eac)m(h)45 b(redirection)h(that)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(preceded)g(b)
m(y)h(a)h(\014le)f(descriptor)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(ma)m(y)h(instead)h(b)
s(e)150 4543 y(preceded)41 b(b)m(y)g(a)h(w)m(ord)f(of)g(the)h(form)f
s(e)150 4551 y(preceded)41 b(b)m(y)g(a)h(w)m(ord)f(of)g(the)h(form)f
Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})p Fu(.)74 b(In)41 b(this)g(case,)k
(for)c(eac)m(h)i(redirection)f(op)s(erator)150 4653 y(except)30
(for)c(eac)m(h)i(redirection)f(op)s(erator)150 4661 y(except)30
b Ft(>)p Fu(&-)f(and)f Ft(<)p Fu(&-,)h(the)g(shell)g(will)h(allo)s
(cate)h(a)e(\014le)h(descriptor)e(greater)j(than)d(10)i(and)e(assign)i
(it)f(to)150 4762 y Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})p
(it)f(to)150 4771 y Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})p
Fu(.)45 b(If)31 b Ft(>)p Fu(&-)g(or)h Ft(<)p Fu(&-)f(is)h(preceded)f(b)
m(y)g Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})p Fu(,)33 b(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)32 b(of)g Fr(v)-5 b(arname)36 b Fu(de\014nes)31
b(the)h(\014le)150 4872 y(descriptor)e(to)h(close.)275
b(the)h(\014le)150 4880 y(descriptor)e(to)h(close.)275
5011 y(In)c(the)i(follo)m(wing)h(descriptions,)g(if)e(the)h(\014le)g
(descriptor)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(is)g(omitted,)i(and)f(the)f(\014rst)g
(c)m(har-)150 5121 y(acter)42 b(of)f(the)g(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g
+10 -3
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@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ This is Edition @value{EDITION}, last updated @value{UPDATED},
of @cite{The GNU Bash Reference Manual},
for @code{Bash}, Version @value{VERSION}.
Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@quotation
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
@@ -2368,6 +2368,9 @@ null argument results and is retained
and passed to a command as an empty string.
When a quoted null argument appears as part of a word whose expansion is
non-null, the null argument is removed.
That is, the word
@code{-d''} becomes @code{-d} after word splitting and
null argument removal.
Note that if no expansion occurs, no splitting
is performed.
@@ -4361,9 +4364,13 @@ read [-ers] [-a @var{aname}] [-d @var{delim}] [-i @var{text}] [-n @var{nchars}]
@end example
One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor
@var{fd} supplied as an argument to the @option{-u} option, and the first word
@var{fd} supplied as an argument to the @option{-u} option,
split into words as described above in @ref{Word Splitting},
and the first word
is assigned to the first @var{name}, the second word to the second @var{name},
and so on, with leftover words and their intervening separators assigned
and so on.
If there are more words than names,
the remaining words and their intervening delimiters are assigned
to the last @var{name}.
If there are fewer words read from the input stream than names,
the remaining names are assigned empty values.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
%!PS-Adobe-3.0
%%Creator: groff version 1.22.3
%%CreationDate: Wed Jan 20 13:58:55 2016
%%CreationDate: Mon Jan 25 10:12:22 2016
%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman
%%+ font Times-Bold
%%+ font Times-Italic
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
%!PS-Adobe-3.0
%%Creator: groff version 1.22.3
%%CreationDate: Wed Jan 20 13:58:56 2016
%%CreationDate: Mon Jan 25 10:12:22 2016
%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman
%%+ font Times-Bold
%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.22 3
+4 -4
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@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
@ignore
Copyright (C) 1988-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1988-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@end ignore
@set LASTCHANGE Mon Nov 16 10:54:23 EST 2015
@set LASTCHANGE Wed Jan 27 14:48:34 EST 2016
@set EDITION 4.4
@set VERSION 4.4
@set UPDATED 16 November 2015
@set UPDATED-MONTH November 2015
@set UPDATED 27 January 2016
@set UPDATED-MONTH January 2016
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* bind.c -- key binding and startup file support for the readline library. */
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* callback.c -- functions to use readline as an X `callback' mechanism. */
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* chardefs.h -- Character definitions for readline. */
/* Copyright (C) 1994-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1994-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
+2 -2
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@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
Modified by Chet Ramey for Readline.
Copyright (C) 1985, 1988, 1990-1991, 1995-2010, 2012 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.
Copyright (C) 1985, 1988, 1990-1991, 1995-2010, 2012, 2015
Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+2 -2
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@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
Modified by Chet Ramey for Readline.
Copyright (C) 1985, 1988, 1990-1991, 1995-2010, 2012 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.
Copyright (C) 1985, 1988, 1990-1991, 1995-2010, 2012, 2015
Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+1 -1
View File
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ This document describes the GNU History library
a programming tool that provides a consistent user interface for
recalling lines of previously typed input.
Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@quotation
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
@ignore
This file documents the user interface to the GNU History library.
Copyright (C) 1988-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1988-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Authored by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey.
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
@ignore
This file documents the user interface to the GNU History library.
Copyright (C) 1988--2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1988--2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Authored by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey.
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual
+1 -1
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@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ This manual describes the GNU Readline Library
consistency of user interface across discrete programs which provide
a command line interface.
Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@quotation
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+1 -1
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@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ This document describes the GNU Readline Library, a utility for aiding
in the consistency of user interface across discrete programs that need
to provide a command line interface.
Copyright (C) 1988--2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1988--2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
+1 -1
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@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use these features. There is a document entitled "readline.texinfo"
which contains both end-user and programmer documentation for the
GNU Readline Library.
Copyright (C) 1988--2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1988--2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Authored by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey.
+1 -1
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@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ This manual describes the end user interface of the GNU Readline Library
consistency of user interface across discrete programs which provide
a command line interface.
Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@quotation
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+6 -6
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@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
@ignore
Copyright (C) 1988-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1988-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@end ignore
@set EDITION 6.4
@set VERSION 6.4
@set UPDATED 28 May 2015
@set UPDATED-MONTH May 2015
@set EDITION 7.0
@set VERSION 7.0
@set UPDATED 25 January 2016
@set UPDATED-MONTH January 2016
@set LASTCHANGE Thu May 28 16:58:07 EDT 2015
@set LASTCHANGE Mon Jan 25 10:08:41 EST 2016
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* funmap.c -- attach names to functions. */
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* histfile.c - functions to manipulate the history file. */
/* Copyright (C) 1989-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1989-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file contains the GNU History Library (History), a set of
routines for managing the text of previously typed lines.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* kill.c -- kill ring management. */
/* Copyright (C) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1994-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* mbutil.c -- readline multibyte character utility functions */
/* Copyright (C) 2001-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 2001-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* misc.c -- miscellaneous bindable readline functions. */
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
+1 -1
View File
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* parens.c -- implementation of matching parentheses feature. */
/* Copyright (C) 1987, 1989, 1992-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1987, 1989, 1992-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
/* readline.c -- a general facility for reading lines of input
with emacs style editing and completion. */
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* Readline.h -- the names of functions callable from within readline. */
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* rlconf.h -- readline configuration definitions */
/* Copyright (C) 1992-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1992-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* rlmbutil.h -- utility functions for multibyte characters. */
/* Copyright (C) 2001-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 2001-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
/* rlprivate.h -- functions and variables global to the readline library,
but not intended for use by applications. */
/* Copyright (C) 1999-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1999-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
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/* rltty.c -- functions to prepare and restore the terminal for readline's
use. */
/* Copyright (C) 1992-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1992-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
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/* search.c - code for non-incremental searching in emacs and vi modes. */
/* Copyright (C) 1992-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1992-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
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/* signals.c -- signal handling support for readline. */
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
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/* tcap.h -- termcap library functions and variables. */
/* Copyright (C) 1996-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1996-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* terminal.c -- controlling the terminal with termcap. */
/* Copyright (C) 1996-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1996-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* text.c -- text handling commands for readline. */
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
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/* readline.c -- a general facility for reading lines of input
with emacs style editing and completion. */
/* undo.c - manage list of changes to lines, offering opportunity to undo them */
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
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/* vi_mode.c -- A vi emulation mode for Bash.
Derived from code written by Jeff Sparkes (jsparkes@bnr.ca). */
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.
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/* mbscasecmp - case-insensitive multibyte string comparison. */
/* Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 2009-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
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/* mbscmp - multibyte string comparison. */
/* Copyright (C) 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1995-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
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@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
/* Copyright (C) 2001, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 2001, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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/* shquote - functions to quote and dequote strings */
/* Copyright (C) 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 1999-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* strtrans.c - Translate and untranslate strings with ANSI-C escape sequences. */
/* Copyright (C) 2000-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 2000-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
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@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
* tmpfile.c - functions to create and safely open temp files for the shell.
*/
/* Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 2000-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
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/* unicode.c - functions to convert unicode characters */
/* Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 2010-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* winsize.c - handle window size changes and information. */
/* Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
/* Copyright (C) 2005-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.