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addition to POSIX mode documentation; new translations; update copyrights on some files; update formatted documentation; changes to cut/lcut loadable builtins when supplied -a ARRAY

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This commit is contained in:
Chet Ramey
2025-06-06 12:16:11 -04:00
parent dbe4256d5e
commit 727b8d3663
56 changed files with 6737 additions and 11126 deletions
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doc/bashref.ps
+339 -319
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
%!PS-Adobe-2.0
%%Creator: dvips(k) 2024.1 (TeX Live 2024) Copyright 2024 Radical Eye Software
%%Title: bashref.dvi
%%CreationDate: Tue Apr 22 14:00:28 2025
%%CreationDate: Fri May 30 12:52:48 2025
%%Pages: 214
%%PageOrder: Ascend
%%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792
@@ -10,10 +10,9 @@
%%DocumentPaperSizes: Letter
%%EndComments
%DVIPSWebPage: (www.radicaleye.com)
%DVIPSCommandLine: dvips -D 600 -t letter -o bashref.ps
%+ /usr/local/src/bash/bash-20250418/doc/bashref.dvi
%DVIPSCommandLine: dvips -D 600 -t letter -o bashref.ps bashref.dvi
%DVIPSParameters: dpi=600
%DVIPSSource: TeX output 2025.04.22:1000
%DVIPSSource: TeX output 2025.05.30:0852
%%BeginProcSet: tex.pro 0 0
%!
/TeXDict 300 dict def TeXDict begin/N{def}def/B{bind def}N/S{exch}N/X{S
@@ -4954,6 +4953,7 @@ dup 41 /parenright put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 51 /three put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
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y Ft(compat31)705 2990 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Quoting)32 b(the)f(rhs)g(of)g
(the)h Ft([[)e Fu(command's)i(regexp)f(matc)m(hing)i(op)s(erator)f(\(=)
p Ft(~)p Fu(\))f(has)810 2632 y(no)f(sp)s(ecial)h(e\013ect)150
2804 y Ft(compat40)705 2945 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)32
p Ft(~)p Fu(\))f(has)810 3099 y(no)f(sp)s(ecial)h(e\013ect)150
3258 y Ft(compat40)705 3392 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)32
b(`)p Ft(<)p Fu(')g(and)g(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(')g(op)s(erators)h(to)g(the)f
Ft([[)g Fu(command)g(do)g(not)g(consider)h(the)f(curren)m(t)810
3055 y(lo)s(cale)41 b(when)d(comparing)i(strings;)k(they)c(use)f(ASCI)s
(I)f(ordering.)67 b(Bash)40 b(v)m(ersions)810 3164 y(prior)f(to)i
3501 y(lo)s(cale)41 b(when)d(comparing)i(strings;)k(they)c(use)f(ASCI)s
(I)f(ordering.)67 b(Bash)40 b(v)m(ersions)810 3611 y(prior)f(to)i
(bash-4.1)f(use)g(ASCI)s(I)e(collation)k(and)d(strcmp\(3\);)45
b(bash-4.1)c(and)e(later)810 3274 y(use)30 b(the)h(curren)m(t)f(lo)s
b(bash-4.1)c(and)e(later)810 3720 y(use)30 b(the)h(curren)m(t)f(lo)s
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3446 y Ft(compat41)705 3587 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(In)35 b
3879 y Ft(compat41)705 4013 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(In)35 b
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3696 y(as)c(a)f(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ord)f(\(this)h(is)f
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4122 y(as)c(a)f(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ord)f(\(this)h(is)f
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b Fu(In)33 b Fm(posix)h Fu(mo)s(de,)h(the)f(parser)g(requires)g(that)g
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3947 y(o)s(ccur)28 b(in)g(the)h Fr(w)m(ord)i Fu(p)s(ortion)d(of)h(a)g
4366 y(o)s(ccur)28 b(in)g(the)h Fr(w)m(ord)i Fu(p)s(ortion)d(of)h(a)g
(double-quoted)f($)p Fi({)6 b Fu(.)23 b(.)f(.)11 b Fi(})29
b Fu(parameter)g(expansion)810 4056 y(and)34 b(treats)h(them)f(sp)s
b Fu(parameter)g(expansion)810 4475 y(and)34 b(treats)h(them)f(sp)s
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4877 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)45 b(replacemen)m(t)i(string)f(in)f
(double-quoted)h(pattern)f(substitution)g(do)s(es)h(not)810
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b Fu(In)36 b Fm(posix)f Fu(mo)s(de,)j(single)e(quotes)h(are)g
(considered)f(sp)s(ecial)h(when)e(expanding)h(the)810
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5058 y Fm(posix)36 b Fu(in)m(terpretation)h(221\);)42
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g(can)h(b)s(e)810 5340 y(used)40 b(to)i(quote)g(a)f(closing)h(brace)f
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b(used)g(b)m(y)g Ft(BASH_ARGV)d Fu(and)j Ft(BASH_ARGC)d
Fu(so)k(they)810 1363 y(can)26 b(expand)f(to)h(the)g(shell's)g(p)s
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(123)810 299 y Fm(posix)36
b Fu(in)m(terpretation)h(221\);)42 b(in)36 b(later)h(v)m(ersions,)h
(single)f(quotes)g(are)g(not)f(sp)s(ecial)810 408 y(within)30
b(double-quoted)g(w)m(ord)g(expansions.)150 579 y Ft(compat43)705
719 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(W)-8 b(ord)32 b(expansion)g(errors)g(are)g
(considered)g(non-fatal)h(errors)e(that)i(cause)f(the)g(cur-)810
829 y(ren)m(t)26 b(command)g(to)h(fail,)h(ev)m(en)f(in)f
Fm(posix)f Fu(mo)s(de)h(\(the)g(default)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(is)g(to)h
(mak)m(e)810 938 y(them)j(fatal)i(errors)e(that)h(cause)g(the)f(shell)h
(to)g(exit\).)705 1078 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(When)36 b(executing)h(a)f
(shell)g(function,)h(the)f(lo)s(op)g(state)h(\(while/un)m(til/etc.\))61
b(is)36 b(not)810 1188 y(reset,)e(so)g Ft(break)d Fu(or)i
Ft(continue)e Fu(in)h(that)i(function)f(will)g(break)g(or)g(con)m(tin)m
(ue)h(lo)s(ops)810 1297 y(in)h(the)g(calling)h(con)m(text.)57
b(Bash-4.4)37 b(and)d(later)i(reset)g(the)f(lo)s(op)g(state)i(to)e
(prev)m(en)m(t)810 1407 y(this.)150 1577 y Ft(compat44)705
1717 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)38 b(shell)g(sets)g(up)g(the)g(v)-5
b(alues)38 b(used)g(b)m(y)g Ft(BASH_ARGV)d Fu(and)j Ft(BASH_ARGC)d
Fu(so)k(they)810 1827 y(can)26 b(expand)f(to)h(the)g(shell's)g(p)s
(ositional)g(parameters)g(ev)m(en)h(if)e(extended)h(debugging)810
1472 y(mo)s(de)k(is)g(not)h(enabled.)705 1601 y Fq(\017)60
1937 y(mo)s(de)k(is)g(not)h(enabled.)705 2077 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(A)38 b(subshell)f(inherits)g(lo)s(ops)h(from)f(its)h(paren)m(t)g
(con)m(text,)k(so)c Ft(break)e Fu(or)i Ft(continue)810
1711 y Fu(will)d(cause)g(the)f(subshell)f(to)i(exit.)54
2186 y Fu(will)d(cause)g(the)f(subshell)f(to)i(exit.)54
b(Bash-5.0)36 b(and)d(later)j(reset)f(the)f(lo)s(op)h(state)g(to)810
1820 y(prev)m(en)m(t)c(the)g(exit.)705 1949 y Fq(\017)60
2296 y(prev)m(en)m(t)c(the)g(exit.)705 2436 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(V)-8 b(ariable)27 b(assignmen)m(ts)g(preceding)e(builtins)g(lik)m
(e)i Ft(export)d Fu(and)i Ft(readonly)d Fu(that)j(set)810
2059 y(attributes)37 b(con)m(tin)m(ue)h(to)g(a\013ect)g(v)-5
2545 y(attributes)37 b(con)m(tin)m(ue)h(to)g(a\013ect)g(v)-5
b(ariables)37 b(with)g(the)f(same)h(name)g(in)g(the)f(calling)810
2168 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t)31 b(ev)m(en)g(if)f(the)h(shell)g(is)f(not)h
(in)f Fm(posix)f Fu(mo)s(de.)150 2317 y Ft(compat50)f(\(set)h(using)g
(BASH_COMPAT\))705 2426 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash-5.1)29
2655 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t)31 b(ev)m(en)g(if)f(the)h(shell)g(is)f(not)h
(in)f Fm(posix)f Fu(mo)s(de.)150 2826 y Ft(compat50)f(\(set)h(using)g
(BASH_COMPAT\))705 2935 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash-5.1)29
b(c)m(hanged)g(the)f(w)m(a)m(y)g Ft($RANDOM)e Fu(is)i(generated)h(to)f
(in)m(tro)s(duce)g(sligh)m(tly)h(more)810 2536 y(randomness.)39
(in)m(tro)s(duce)g(sligh)m(tly)h(more)810 3045 y(randomness.)39
b(If)30 b(the)f(shell)h(compatibilit)m(y)i(lev)m(el)f(is)f(set)g(to)h
(50)f(or)g(lo)m(w)m(er,)h(it)f(rev)m(erts)810 2645 y(to)e(the)g(metho)s
(50)f(or)g(lo)m(w)m(er,)h(it)f(rev)m(erts)810 3154 y(to)e(the)g(metho)s
(d)f(from)g(bash-5.0)h(and)f(previous)g(v)m(ersions,)i(so)e(seeding)h
(the)g(random)810 2755 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)36 b(generator)j(b)m(y)e
(the)g(random)810 3264 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)36 b(generator)j(b)m(y)e
(assigning)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(to)g Ft(RANDOM)e Fu(will)i(pro)s
(duce)e(the)i(same)810 2865 y(sequence)31 b(as)f(in)g(bash-5.0.)705
2993 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(If)22 b(the)g(command)g(hash)f(table)i(is)f
(duce)e(the)i(same)810 3373 y(sequence)31 b(as)f(in)g(bash-5.0.)705
3513 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(If)22 b(the)g(command)g(hash)f(table)i(is)f
(empt)m(y)-8 b(,)25 b(Bash)d(v)m(ersions)g(prior)g(to)h(bash-5.1)f
(prin)m(ted)810 3103 y(an)29 b(informational)i(message)g(to)f(that)g
(prin)m(ted)810 3623 y(an)29 b(informational)i(message)g(to)f(that)g
(e\013ect,)h(ev)m(en)g(when)d(pro)s(ducing)g(output)h(that)810
3213 y(can)40 b(b)s(e)g(reused)f(as)h(input.)69 b(Bash-5.1)42
3733 y(can)40 b(b)s(e)g(reused)f(as)h(input.)69 b(Bash-5.1)42
b(suppresses)c(that)j(message)g(when)e(the)i Ft(-l)810
3322 y Fu(option)31 b(is)f(supplied.)150 3471 y Ft(compat51)e(\(set)h
(using)g(BASH_COMPAT\))705 3580 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)38
3842 y Fu(option)31 b(is)f(supplied.)150 4013 y Ft(compat51)e(\(set)h
(using)g(BASH_COMPAT\))705 4122 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)38
b Ft(unset)g Fu(builtin)g(will)h(unset)f(the)h(arra)m(y)g
Ft(a)g Fu(giv)m(en)g(an)g(argumen)m(t)g(lik)m(e)h(`)p
Ft(a[@])p Fu('.)810 3690 y(Bash-5.2)32 b(will)f(unset)f(an)g(elemen)m
Ft(a[@])p Fu('.)810 4232 y(Bash-5.2)32 b(will)f(unset)f(an)g(elemen)m
(t)i(with)e(k)m(ey)i(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')e(\(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)k(arra)m
(ys\))d(or)f(remo)m(v)m(e)810 3799 y(all)h(the)g(elemen)m(ts)h(without)
(ys\))d(or)f(remo)m(v)m(e)810 4341 y(all)h(the)g(elemen)m(ts)h(without)
e(unsetting)g(the)h(arra)m(y)g(\(indexed)f(arra)m(ys\).)705
3928 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Arithmetic)31 b(commands)f(\()h(\(\()6
4482 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Arithmetic)31 b(commands)f(\()h(\(\()6
b(.)23 b(.)f(.)11 b(\)\))31 b(\))g(and)f(the)g(expressions)g(in)g(an)h
(arithmetic)g(for)810 4038 y(statemen)m(t)h(can)f(b)s(e)f(expanded)f
(more)i(than)f(once.)705 4167 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Expressions)20
(arithmetic)g(for)810 4591 y(statemen)m(t)h(can)f(b)s(e)f(expanded)f
(more)i(than)f(once.)705 4731 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Expressions)20
b(used)f(as)i(argumen)m(ts)g(to)g(arithmetic)h(op)s(erators)f(in)f(the)
h Ft([[)f Fu(conditional)810 4276 y(command)30 b(can)h(b)s(e)f
(expanded)f(more)i(than)f(once.)705 4405 y Fq(\017)60
h Ft([[)f Fu(conditional)810 4841 y(command)30 b(can)h(b)s(e)f
(expanded)f(more)i(than)f(once.)705 4981 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(The)31 b(expressions)g(in)h(substring)e(parameter)i(brace)g
(expansion)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(expanded)810 4515 y(more)g(than)f(once.)705
4644 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)35 b(expressions)g(in)g(the)h($\(\()42
(expansion)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(expanded)810 5090 y(more)g(than)f(once.)705
5230 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)35 b(expressions)g(in)g(the)h($\(\()42
b(.)22 b(.)g(.)47 b(\)\))36 b(w)m(ord)f(expansion)h(can)f(b)s(e)g
(expanded)g(more)810 4753 y(than)30 b(once.)705 4882
y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Arithmetic)33 b(expressions)f(used)g(as)h(indexed)e
(arra)m(y)i(subscripts)e(can)i(b)s(e)f(expanded)810 4992
y(more)f(than)f(once.)705 5121 y Fq(\017)60 b Ft(test)29
b(-v)p Fu(,)35 b(when)f(giv)m(en)h(an)g(argumen)m(t)g(of)f(`)p
Ft(A[@])p Fu(',)h(where)f Fr(A)h Fu(is)f(an)h(existing)g(asso-)810
5230 y(ciativ)m(e)h(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)37 b(will)d(return)f(true)g(if)h
(the)h(arra)m(y)f(has)g(an)m(y)g(set)g(elemen)m(ts.)53
b(Bash-5.2)810 5340 y(will)31 b(lo)s(ok)g(for)f(and)g(rep)s(ort)f(on)i
(a)f(k)m(ey)i(named)d(`)p Ft(@)p Fu('.)p eop end
(expanded)g(more)810 5340 y(than)30 b(once.)p eop end
%%Page: 124 130
TeXDict begin 124 129 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(124)705 299 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(the)40 b($)p Fi({)p Fr(parameter)7 b Fu([:]=)p Fr(v)-5
b(alue)5 b Fi(})42 b Fu(w)m(ord)e(expansion)f(will)i(return)d
Fr(v)-5 b(alue)p Fu(,)43 b(b)s(efore)d(an)m(y)810 408
y(v)-5 b(ariable-sp)s(eci\014c)34 b(transformations)f(ha)m(v)m(e)h(b)s
(een)e(p)s(erformed)f(\(e.g.,)36 b(con)m(v)m(erting)e(to)810
518 y(lo)m(w)m(ercase\).)43 b(Bash-5.2)32 b(will)f(return)e(the)i
b Fu(Arithmetic)33 b(expressions)f(used)g(as)h(indexed)e(arra)m(y)i
(subscripts)e(can)i(b)s(e)f(expanded)810 408 y(more)f(than)f(once.)705
543 y Fq(\017)60 b Ft(test)29 b(-v)p Fu(,)35 b(when)f(giv)m(en)h(an)g
(argumen)m(t)g(of)f(`)p Ft(A[@])p Fu(',)h(where)f Fr(A)h
Fu(is)f(an)h(existing)g(asso-)810 653 y(ciativ)m(e)h(arra)m(y)-8
b(,)37 b(will)d(return)f(true)g(if)h(the)h(arra)m(y)f(has)g(an)m(y)g
(set)g(elemen)m(ts.)53 b(Bash-5.2)810 762 y(will)31 b(lo)s(ok)g(for)f
(and)g(rep)s(ort)f(on)i(a)f(k)m(ey)i(named)d(`)p Ft(@)p
Fu('.)705 897 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)40 b($)p Fi({)p Fr(parameter)7
b Fu([:]=)p Fr(v)-5 b(alue)5 b Fi(})42 b Fu(w)m(ord)e(expansion)f(will)
i(return)d Fr(v)-5 b(alue)p Fu(,)43 b(b)s(efore)d(an)m(y)810
1006 y(v)-5 b(ariable-sp)s(eci\014c)34 b(transformations)f(ha)m(v)m(e)h
(b)s(een)e(p)s(erformed)f(\(e.g.,)36 b(con)m(v)m(erting)e(to)810
1116 y(lo)m(w)m(ercase\).)43 b(Bash-5.2)32 b(will)f(return)e(the)i
(\014nal)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(assigned)f(to)i(the)e(v)-5
b(ariable.)705 653 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(P)m(arsing)40 b(command)f
b(ariable.)705 1250 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(P)m(arsing)40 b(command)f
(substitutions)f(will)i(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)g(as)f(if)g(extended)g
(globbing)h(\(see)810 762 y(Section)e(4.3.2)g([The)f(Shopt)f(Builtin],)
j(page)f(78\))g(is)f(enabled,)i(so)e(that)g(parsing)g(a)810
872 y(command)24 b(substitution)g(con)m(taining)h(an)f(extglob)i
(globbing)h(\(see)810 1360 y(Section)e(4.3.2)g([The)f(Shopt)f
(Builtin],)j(page)f(78\))g(is)f(enabled,)i(so)e(that)g(parsing)g(a)810
1469 y(command)24 b(substitution)g(con)m(taining)h(an)f(extglob)i
(pattern)e(\(sa)m(y)-8 b(,)27 b(as)d(part)g(of)g(a)h(shell)810
981 y(function\))30 b(will)h(not)g(fail.)41 b(This)30
1579 y(function\))30 b(will)h(not)g(fail.)41 b(This)30
b(assumes)g(the)h(in)m(ten)m(t)g(is)g(to)g(enable)g(extglob)g(b)s
(efore)810 1091 y(the)i(command)f(is)g(executed)h(and)f(w)m(ord)g
(efore)810 1689 y(the)i(command)f(is)g(executed)h(and)f(w)m(ord)g
(expansions)g(are)h(p)s(erformed.)45 b(It)33 b(will)f(fail)810
1200 y(at)42 b(w)m(ord)f(expansion)h(time)g(if)f(extglob)i(hasn't)e(b)s
(een)g(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(time)g(the)810 1310 y(command)30
b(is)h(executed.)150 1469 y Ft(compat52)d(\(set)h(using)g
(BASH_COMPAT\))705 1579 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)23 b Ft(test)g
1798 y(at)42 b(w)m(ord)f(expansion)h(time)g(if)f(extglob)i(hasn't)e(b)s
(een)g(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(time)g(the)810 1908 y(command)30
b(is)h(executed.)150 2067 y Ft(compat52)d(\(set)h(using)g
(BASH_COMPAT\))705 2177 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)23 b Ft(test)g
Fu(builtin)g(uses)h(its)g(historical)h(algorithm)g(to)f(parse)g(paren)m
(thesized)g(sub)s(ex-)810 1689 y(pressions)30 b(when)f(giv)m(en)i
(\014v)m(e)g(or)f(more)h(argumen)m(ts.)705 1823 y Fq(\017)60
(thesized)g(sub)s(ex-)810 2286 y(pressions)30 b(when)f(giv)m(en)i
(\014v)m(e)g(or)f(more)h(argumen)m(ts.)705 2421 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(If)25 b(the)h Ft(-p)f Fu(or)h Ft(-P)f Fu(option)h(is)g(supplied)e
(to)j(the)f Ft(bind)e Fu(builtin,)i Ft(bind)f Fu(treats)i(an)m(y)f
(argu-)810 1933 y(men)m(ts)h(remaining)g(after)h(option)f(pro)s
(argu-)810 2531 y(men)m(ts)h(remaining)g(after)h(option)f(pro)s
(cessing)g(as)g(bindable)f(command)h(names,)h(and)810
2042 y(displa)m(ys)k(an)m(y)f(k)m(ey)i(sequences)f(b)s(ound)d(to)j
(those)g(commands,)g(instead)g(of)g(treating)810 2152
2640 y(displa)m(ys)k(an)m(y)f(k)m(ey)i(sequences)f(b)s(ound)d(to)j
(those)g(commands,)g(instead)g(of)g(treating)810 2750
y(the)f(argumen)m(ts)f(as)h(k)m(ey)g(sequences)g(to)g(bind.)705
2286 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(In)m(teractiv)m(e)41 b(shells)d(will)h(notify)g
2884 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(In)m(teractiv)m(e)41 b(shells)d(will)h(notify)g
(the)f(user)g(of)h(completed)g(jobs)f(while)g(sourcing)h(a)810
2396 y(script.)i(New)m(er)31 b(v)m(ersions)f(defer)g(noti\014cation)i
2994 y(script.)i(New)m(er)31 b(v)m(ersions)f(defer)g(noti\014cation)i
(un)m(til)f(script)f(execution)i(completes.)p eop end
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TeXDict begin 125 130 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(125)150 299