commit bash-20200323 snapshot

CWRU/CWRU.chlog

@@ -7619,3 +7619,172 @@ syntax.h
 
 	  should output the same thing. From a report from Dan Jacobson
 	  <jidanni@jidanni.org> back in 1/2019.
+
+				   3/23
+				   ----
+subst.c
+	- string_transform: add `U' (convert to uppercase), `u' (convert
+	  first character to uppercase), and `L' (convert to lowercase)
+	  transformations. Inspired by a discussion with Phil Smith
+	  <phil@philsmith.com> back in May, 2019
+	- parameter_brace_transform: make sure `u', `U', and `L' are valid
+	  transform operators
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+	- parameter transformation: document new `U', `u', and `L' operators
+
+eval.c
+	- execute_prompt_command: if an array variable PROMPT_COMMANDS exists,
+	  prefer it to PROMPT_COMMAND and execute all of the commands contained
+	  as array elements in index order. From a proposal by Daniel
+	  Colascione <dancol@google.com> back in 1/2018
+	- execute_array_command: function for array_walk to use when executing
+	  commands in PROMPT_COMMANDS
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+	- PROMPT_COMMANDS: new array variable
+
+				   3/24
+				   ----
+builtins/ulimit.def
+	- new -R option, for RLIMIT_RTTIME (max time a real-time process can
+	  run without blocking). Patch from Maciej Wolny
+	  <maciekwolny123@gmail.com> back in 7/2017
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+	- ulimit: document new -R option
+
+lib/readline/{display.c,rlprivate.h}
+	- _rl_clear_screen: now takes an argument saying whether to attempt to
+	  clear the terminal scrollback buffer if the right termcap capability
+	  exists
+
+lib/readline/{text.c,readline.h}
+	- rl_clear_display: new bindable command that clears the screen and
+	  scrollback buffer
+
+lib/readline/funmap.c
+	- clear-display: new bindable command name
+
+lib/readline/emacs_keymap.c
+	- emacs mode M-C-l now bound to clear-display
+
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/{readline.3,rluser.texi}
+	- clear-display: document new function and default emacs mode binding
+
+arrayfunc.c
+	- assign_assoc_from_kvlist: allow compound assignments to associative
+	  arrays that do not contain words of the form `[key]=value', assume
+	  such lists are of the form (key1 value1 key2 value2). A missing or
+	  empty key is an error; a missing value is treated as NULL. You
+	  cannot mix the two forms. Inspired by a suggestion from Sebastian
+	  Gniazdowski <sgniazdowski@gmail.com> back in 7/2019
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+	- documented new associative array assignment syntax
+
+assoc.[ch]
+	- assoc_to_kvpair: new function that returns a string with quoted
+	  key/value pairs from given associative array
+
+array.[ch]
+	- array_to_kvpair: new function that returns a string with quoted
+	  key/value pairs from given indexed array (for completeness)
+
+subst.c
+	- parameter_brace_transform: new operator `K': produces the (possibly
+	  quoted) value of a variable, except for arrays, where it expands to
+	  indexed or associative array assignments in key/value pair form
+	- string_transform,parameter_list_transform: expand `K' to (possibly
+	  quoted) values
+	- array_var_assignment: take a new fourth argument saying which kind
+	  of assoc assignment statement to produce; calls array_to_kvpair or
+	  assoc_to_kvpair as appropriate and just returns that value if
+	  necessary without creating a declare command
+	- array_transform: if the operator is `K', call array_var_assignment
+	  with new argument that will produce a list of key/value pairs
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+	- document new 'K' parameter transformation operator
+
+				   3/25
+				   ----
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/{history.3,readline.3}
+	- some text and formatting cleanups from Bjarni Ingi Gislason
+	  <bjarniig@rhi.hi.is>
+
+bashhist.c
+	- SYSLOG_MAXLEN: increase to 1024, since that seems to be what most
+	  syslog daemons handle
+	- bash_syslog_history: if the line is longer than SYSLOG_MAXLEN minus
+	  the header length, log it in multiple message with a sequence number
+	  instead of truncating. Inspired by a report from
+	  <sunhuilin@unionpay.com> back in 7/2018
+
+lib/readline/text.c
+	- rl_activate_mark,rl_deactivate_mark,rl_mark_is_active_p,
+	  rl_keep_mark_active: new functions to manage an active region. We
+	  don't do anything with an active region yet. Part of a large patch
+	  for active regions from Daniel Colascione <dancol@google.com>
+	  originally back in 3/2018
+	- rl_clear_screen: call rl_keep_mark_active to keep the region active
+	  across the screen refresh
+	- rl_newline: make sure to deactivate the region even though we don't
+	  do any redisplay with it yet
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+	- rl_activate_mark,rl_deactivate_mark,rl_mark_is_active_p,
+	  rl_keep_mark_active: new extern function declarations. They are
+	  public functions for now
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+	- readline_internal_setup: make sure the region starts out as not
+	  active
+	- readline_internal_charloop: make sure to deactivate the mark after
+	  a command, unless the command calls rl_keep_mark_active keep it
+	  active
+
+lib/readline/kill.c
+	- rl_bracketed_paste_begin: set rl_mark before inserting the pasted
+	  text, so the pasted text defines the region
+	- rl_bracketed_paste_begin: set the region as active after inserting
+	  the pasted text
+
+lib/readline/util.c
+	- _rl_abort_internal: make sure we deactivate the region
+
+lib/readline/{terminal.c,rlprivate.h}
+	- _rl_cr: new function to just output the term_cr (or '\r'). Part of
+	  the active region patch
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+	- _rl_cr: use where appropriate to replace MSDOS-dependent code and
+	  calls to tputs
+
+lib/readline/terminal.c
+	- get and store the terminal sequences to enter and exit standout
+	  (usually some background color) mode
+
+				   3/26
+				   ----
+subst.[ch]
+	- copy_fifo_list: now returns void *
+	- close_new_fifos: now takes a void * as the first argument, since it's
+	  usually the return value from copy_fifo_list
+	- close_new_fifos: (named pipes): cast first argument to a char *,
+	  since copy_fifo_list will (someday) return a bitmap
+	- close_new_fifos: (HAVE_DEV_FD): cast first argument to a pid_t *,
+	  since it takes a copy of dev_fd_list; use that in the loop to
+	  determine whether or not to close file descriptors. First half of
+	  fix for bug reported by Valentin Lab <valentin.lab@kalysto.org>
+	- unlink_fifo_list: (named pipes): when compacting the list, make sure
+	  to avoid the copy if i == j, and, after copying fifo_list[i] to
+	  fifo_list[j], null out fifo_list[i] so we don't try to access it
+	  later
+
+execute_cmd.c
+	- execute_command_internal: don't call reap_procsubs after executing
+	  the command. Rest of fix for bug reported by Valentin Lab
+	  <valentin.lab@kalysto.org>
+	- execute_command_internal,execute_builtin_or_function: ofifo_list is
+	  now a void * instead of a char *

MANIFEST

@@ -927,6 +927,7 @@ tests/assoc7.sub	f
 tests/assoc8.sub	f
 tests/assoc9.sub	f
 tests/assoc10.sub	f
+tests/assoc11.sub	f
 tests/attr.tests	f
 tests/attr.right	f
 tests/attr1.sub		f
@@ -1213,6 +1214,7 @@ tests/new-exp10.sub	f
 tests/new-exp11.sub	f
 tests/new-exp12.sub	f
 tests/new-exp13.sub	f
+tests/new-exp14.sub	f
 tests/new-exp.right	f
 tests/nquote.tests	f
 tests/nquote.right	f
@@ -1262,6 +1264,7 @@ tests/printf4.sub	f
 tests/procsub.tests	f
 tests/procsub.right	f
 tests/procsub1.sub	f
+tests/procsub2.sub	f
 tests/quote.tests	f
 tests/quote.right	f
 tests/quote1.sub	f

array.c

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
  * chet@ins.cwru.edu
  */
 
-/* Copyright (C) 1997-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1997-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
 
@@ -874,6 +874,60 @@ int	quoted;
 	return(result);
 }
 
+char *
+array_to_kvpair (a, quoted)
+ARRAY	*a;
+int	quoted;
+{
+	char	*result, *valstr, *is;
+	char	indstr[INT_STRLEN_BOUND(intmax_t) + 1];
+	ARRAY_ELEMENT *ae;
+	int	rsize, rlen, elen;
+
+	if (a == 0 || array_empty (a))
+		return((char *)NULL);
+
+	result = (char *)xmalloc (rsize = 128);
+	result[rlen = 0] = '\0';
+
+	for (ae = element_forw(a->head); ae != a->head; ae = element_forw(ae)) {
+		is = inttostr (element_index(ae), indstr, sizeof(indstr));
+		valstr = element_value (ae) ?
+				(ansic_shouldquote (element_value (ae)) ?
+				   ansic_quote (element_value(ae), 0, (int *)0) :
+				   sh_double_quote (element_value (ae)))
+					    : (char *)NULL;
+		elen = STRLEN (is) + 8 + STRLEN (valstr);
+		RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER (result, rlen, (elen + 1), rsize, rsize);
+
+		strcpy (result + rlen, is);
+		rlen += STRLEN (is);
+		result[rlen++] = ' ';
+		if (valstr) {
+			strcpy (result + rlen, valstr);
+			rlen += STRLEN (valstr);
+		} else {
+			strcpy (result + rlen, "\"\"");
+			rlen += 2;
+		}
+
+		if (element_forw(ae) != a->head)
+		  result[rlen++] = ' ';
+
+		FREE (valstr);
+	}
+	RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER (result, rlen, 1, rsize, 8);
+	result[rlen] = '\0';
+
+	if (quoted) {
+		/* This is not as efficient as it could be... */
+		valstr = sh_single_quote (result);
+		free (result);
+		result = valstr;
+	}
+	return(result);
+}
+
 char *
 array_to_assign (a, quoted)
 ARRAY	*a;

array.h

@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ extern ARRAY *array_assign_list __P((ARRAY *, WORD_LIST *));
 
 extern char **array_to_argv __P((ARRAY *));
 
+extern char *array_to_kvpair __P((ARRAY *, int));
 extern char *array_to_assign __P((ARRAY *, int));
 extern char *array_to_string __P((ARRAY *, char *, int));
 extern ARRAY *array_from_string __P((char *, char *));

arrayfunc.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* arrayfunc.c -- High-level array functions used by other parts of the shell. */
 
-/* Copyright (C) 2001-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 2001-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
 
@@ -47,12 +47,14 @@ int assoc_expand_once = 0;
 /* Ditto for indexed array subscripts -- currently unused */
 int array_expand_once = 0;
 
-static SHELL_VAR *bind_array_var_internal __P((SHELL_VAR *, arrayind_t, char *, char *, int));
-static SHELL_VAR *assign_array_element_internal __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *, char *, char *, int, char *, int));
+static SHELL_VAR *bind_array_var_internal PARAMS((SHELL_VAR *, arrayind_t, char *, char *, int));
+static SHELL_VAR *assign_array_element_internal PARAMS((SHELL_VAR *, char *, char *, char *, int, char *, int));
 
-static char *quote_assign __P((const char *));
-static void quote_array_assignment_chars __P((WORD_LIST *));
-static char *array_value_internal __P((const char *, int, int, int *, arrayind_t *));
+static void assign_assoc_from_kvlist PARAMS((SHELL_VAR *, WORD_LIST *, HASH_TABLE *, int));
+
+static char *quote_assign PARAMS((const char *));
+static void quote_array_assignment_chars PARAMS((WORD_LIST *));
+static char *array_value_internal PARAMS((const char *, int, int, int *, arrayind_t *));
 
 /* Standard error message to use when encountering an invalid array subscript */
 const char * const bash_badsub_errmsg = N_("bad array subscript");
@@ -544,6 +546,51 @@ expand_compound_array_assignment (var, value, flags)
   return nlist;
 }
 
+#if ASSOC_KVPAIR_ASSIGNMENT
+static void
+assign_assoc_from_kvlist (var, nlist, h, flags)
+     SHELL_VAR *var;
+     WORD_LIST *nlist;
+     HASH_TABLE *h;
+     int flags;
+{
+  WORD_LIST *list;
+  char *akey, *aval, *k, *v;
+  int free_aval;
+
+  for (list = nlist; list; list = list->next)
+    {
+      free_aval = 0;
+
+      k = list->word->word;
+      v = list->next ? list->next->word->word : 0;
+
+      if (list->next)
+        list = list->next;
+
+      akey = expand_assignment_string_to_string (k, 0);
+      aval = expand_assignment_string_to_string (v, 0);
+
+      if (akey == 0 || *akey == 0)
+	{
+	  err_badarraysub (k);
+	  FREE (akey);
+	  continue;
+	}	      
+      if (aval == 0)
+	{
+	  aval = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+	  aval[0] = '\0';	/* like do_assignment_internal */
+	  free_aval = 1;
+	}
+
+      bind_assoc_var_internal (var, h, akey, aval, flags);
+      if (free_aval)
+	free (aval);
+    }
+}
+#endif
+     
 /* Callers ensure that VAR is not NULL. Associative array assignments have not
    been expanded when this is called, so we don't have to scan through the
    expanded subscript to find the ending bracket; indexed array assignments
@@ -582,6 +629,21 @@ assign_compound_array_list (var, nlist, flags)
 
   last_ind = (a && (flags & ASS_APPEND)) ? array_max_index (a) + 1 : 0;
 
+#if ASSOC_KVPAIR_ASSIGNMENT
+  if (assoc_p (var) && nlist && (nlist->word->flags & W_ASSIGNMENT) == 0 && nlist->word->word[0] != '[')		/*]*/
+    {
+      iflags = flags & ~ASS_APPEND;
+      assign_assoc_from_kvlist (var, nlist, nhash, iflags);
+      if (nhash && nhash != h)
+	{
+	  h = assoc_cell (var);
+	  var_setassoc (var, nhash);
+	  assoc_dispose (h);
+	}
+      return;
+    }
+#endif
+
   for (list = nlist; list; list = list->next)
     {
       /* Don't allow var+=(values) to make assignments in VALUES append to

assoc.c

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * chet@ins.cwru.edu
  */
 
-/* Copyright (C) 2008,2009,2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 2008,2009,2011-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
 
@@ -368,6 +368,76 @@ assoc_modcase (h, pat, modop, mflags)
   return t;
 }
 
+char *
+assoc_to_kvpair (hash, quoted)
+     HASH_TABLE *hash;
+     int quoted;
+{
+  char *ret;
+  char *istr, *vstr;
+  int i, rsize, rlen, elen;
+  BUCKET_CONTENTS *tlist;
+
+  if (hash == 0 || assoc_empty (hash))
+    return (char *)0;
+
+  ret = xmalloc (rsize = 128);
+  ret[rlen = 0] = '\0';
+
+  for (i = 0; i < hash->nbuckets; i++)
+    for (tlist = hash_items (i, hash); tlist; tlist = tlist->next)
+      {
+	if (ansic_shouldquote (tlist->key))
+	  istr = ansic_quote (tlist->key, 0, (int *)0);
+	else if (sh_contains_shell_metas (tlist->key))
+	  istr = sh_double_quote (tlist->key);
+	else if (ALL_ELEMENT_SUB (tlist->key[0]) && tlist->key[1] == '\0')
+	  istr = sh_double_quote (tlist->key);	
+	else
+	  istr = tlist->key;	
+
+	vstr = tlist->data ? (ansic_shouldquote ((char *)tlist->data) ?
+				ansic_quote ((char *)tlist->data, 0, (int *)0) :
+				sh_double_quote ((char *)tlist->data))
+			   : (char *)0;
+
+	elen = STRLEN (istr) + 4 + STRLEN (vstr);
+	RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER (ret, rlen, (elen+1), rsize, rsize);
+
+	strcpy (ret+rlen, istr);
+	rlen += STRLEN (istr);
+	ret[rlen++] = ' ';
+	if (vstr)
+	  {
+	    strcpy (ret + rlen, vstr);
+	    rlen += STRLEN (vstr);
+	  }
+	else
+	  {
+	    strcpy (ret + rlen, "\"\"");
+	    rlen += 2;
+	  }
+	ret[rlen++] = ' ';
+
+	if (istr != tlist->key)
+	  FREE (istr);
+
+	FREE (vstr);
+    }
+
+  RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER (ret, rlen, 1, rsize, 8);
+  ret[rlen] = '\0';
+
+  if (quoted)
+    {
+      vstr = sh_single_quote (ret);
+      free (ret);
+      ret = vstr;
+    }
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
 char *
 assoc_to_assign (hash, quoted)
      HASH_TABLE *hash;
@@ -417,7 +487,6 @@ assoc_to_assign (hash, quoted)
 	  }
 	ret[rlen++] = ' ';
 
-
 	if (istr != tlist->key)
 	  FREE (istr);
 

assoc.h

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ extern HASH_TABLE *assoc_dequote __P((HASH_TABLE *));
 extern HASH_TABLE *assoc_dequote_escapes __P((HASH_TABLE *));
 extern HASH_TABLE *assoc_remove_quoted_nulls __P((HASH_TABLE *));
 
+extern char *assoc_to_kvpair __P((HASH_TABLE *, int));
 extern char *assoc_to_assign __P((HASH_TABLE *, int));
 
 extern WORD_LIST *assoc_to_word_list __P((HASH_TABLE *));

bashhist.c

@@ -805,7 +805,9 @@ check_add_history (line, force)
 }
 
 #if defined (SYSLOG_HISTORY)
-#define SYSLOG_MAXLEN 600
+#define SYSLOG_MAXMSG	1024
+#define SYSLOG_MAXLEN	SYSLOG_MAXMSG
+#define SYSLOG_MAXHDR	256
 
 #ifndef OPENLOG_OPTS
 #define OPENLOG_OPTS 0
@@ -821,7 +823,10 @@ void
 bash_syslog_history (line)
      const char *line;
 {
-  char trunc[SYSLOG_MAXLEN];
+  char trunc[SYSLOG_MAXLEN], *msg;
+  char loghdr[SYSLOG_MAXHDR];
+  char seqbuf[32], *seqnum;
+  int hdrlen, msglen, seqlen, chunks, i;
   static int first = 1;
 
   if (first)
@@ -830,13 +835,25 @@ bash_syslog_history (line)
       first = 0;
     }
 
-  if (strlen(line) < SYSLOG_MAXLEN)
-    syslog (SYSLOG_FACILITY|SYSLOG_LEVEL, "HISTORY: PID=%d UID=%d %s", getpid(), current_user.uid, line);
+  hdrlen = snprintf (loghdr, sizeof(loghdr), "HISTORY: PID=%d UID=%d", getpid(), current_user.uid);
+  msglen = strlen (line);
+
+  if ((msglen + hdrlen + 1) < SYSLOG_MAXLEN)
+    syslog (SYSLOG_FACILITY|SYSLOG_LEVEL, "%s %s", loghdr, line);
   else
     {
-      strncpy (trunc, line, SYSLOG_MAXLEN);
-      trunc[SYSLOG_MAXLEN - 1] = '\0';
-      syslog (SYSLOG_FACILITY|SYSLOG_LEVEL, "HISTORY (TRUNCATED): PID=%d UID=%d %s", getpid(), current_user.uid, trunc);
+      chunks = ((msglen + hdrlen) / SYSLOG_MAXLEN) + 1;
+      for (msg = line, i = 0; i < chunks; i++)
+	{
+	  seqnum = inttostr (i + 1, seqbuf, sizeof (seqbuf));
+	  seqlen = STRLEN (seqnum);
+
+	  /* 7 == "(seq=) " */
+	  strncpy (trunc, msg, SYSLOG_MAXLEN - hdrlen - seqlen - 7 - 1);
+	  trunc[SYSLOG_MAXLEN - 1] = '\0';
+	  syslog (SYSLOG_FACILITY|SYSLOG_LEVEL, "%s (seq=%s) %s", loghdr, seqnum, trunc);
+	  msg += SYSLOG_MAXLEN - hdrlen - seqlen - 8;
+	}
     }
 }
 #endif

builtins/ulimit.def

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ Options:
   -v	the size of virtual memory
   -x	the maximum number of file locks
   -P	the maximum number of pseudoterminals
+  -R	the maximum time a real-time process can run before blocking
   -T	the maximum number of threads
 
 Not all options are available on all platforms.
@@ -232,8 +233,11 @@ static RESOURCE_LIMITS limits[] = {
 #ifdef RLIMIT_NPTS
   { 'P',	RLIMIT_NPTS,  1,	"number of pseudoterminals",	(char *)NULL },
 #endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_RTTIME
+  { 'R',	RLIMIT_RTTIME,  1,	"real-time non-blocking time",	"microseconds" },
+#endif
 #ifdef RLIMIT_PTHREAD
-  { 'T',	RLIMIT_PTHREAD,  1,	"number of threads",	(char *)NULL },
+  { 'T',	RLIMIT_PTHREAD, 1,	"number of threads",	(char *)NULL },
 #endif
 #ifdef RLIMIT_SBSIZE
   { 'b',	RLIMIT_SBSIZE,  1,	"socket buffer size",	"bytes" },
@@ -741,7 +745,7 @@ printone (limind, curlim, pdesc)
       else
         sprintf (unitstr, "(-%c) ", limits[limind].option);
 
-      printf ("%-20s %16s", limits[limind].description, unitstr);
+      printf ("%-20s %20s", limits[limind].description, unitstr);
     }
   if (curlim == RLIM_INFINITY)
     puts ("unlimited");

config-top.h

@@ -187,3 +187,7 @@
    interactive shells; define to 1 for the historical behavior of enabling
    when the shell is interactive. */
 #define HISTEXPAND_DEFAULT	1
+
+/* Undefine or define to 0 if you don't want to allow associative array
+   assignment using a compound list of key-value pairs. */
+#define ASSOC_KVPAIR_ASSIGNMENT 1

doc/bash.0

@@ -1309,9 +1309,11 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS
               while the shell is running, bbaasshh enables _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, as  if  the
               command  _s_e_t  _-_o _p_o_s_i_x had been executed.  When the shell enters
               _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, it sets this variable if it was not already set.
-       PPRROOMMPPTT__CCOOMMMMAANNDD
-              If set, the value is executed as a command prior to issuing each
-              primary prompt.
+       PPRROOMMPPTT__CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
+              If this array variable is set, the value of each set element  is
+              executed  as a command prior to issuing each primary prompt.  If
+              this is not set, but PPRROOMMPPTT__CCOOMMMMAANNDD is set to a value, its value
+              is used as a command to execute instead.
        PPRROOMMPPTT__DDIIRRTTRRIIMM
               If  set  to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the
               number of trailing directory components to retain when expanding
@@ -1427,14 +1429,22 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS
        rreeaaddoonnllyy builtins.  Each attribute applies to all members of an array.
 
        Arrays  are  assigned  to  using  compound  assignments  of  the   form
-       _n_a_m_e=((value_1  ...  value_n)),  where  each  _v_a_l_u_e  is  of  the form [_s_u_b_-
+       _n_a_m_e=((value_1  ...  value_n)),  where  each _v_a_l_u_e may be of the form [_s_u_b_-
        _s_c_r_i_p_t]=_s_t_r_i_n_g.  Indexed array assignments do not require anything  but
        _s_t_r_i_n_g.  When assigning to indexed arrays, if the optional brackets and
        subscript are supplied, that index is assigned to; otherwise the  index
        of  the element assigned is the last index assigned to by the statement
        plus one.  Indexing starts at zero.
 
-       When assigning to an associative array, the subscript is required.
+       When assigning to an associative array, the words in a compound assign-
+       ment  may  be  either assignment statements, for which the subscript is
+       required, or a list of words that is interpreted as a sequence  of  al-
+       ternating  keys and values: _n_a_m_e=(( _k_e_y_1 _v_a_l_u_e_1 _k_e_y_2 _v_a_l_u_e_2 ...)).  These
+       are treated identically to  _n_a_m_e=((  [_k_e_y_1]=_v_a_l_u_e_1  [_k_e_y_2]=_v_a_l_u_e_2  ...)).
+       The  first  word in the list determines how the remaining words are in-
+       terpreted; all assignments in a list must be of the  same  type.   When
+       using  key/value  pairs,  the keys may not be missing or empty; a final
+       missing value is treated like the empty string.
 
        This syntax is also accepted by the ddeeccllaarree builtin.  Individual  array
        elements  may be assigned to using the _n_a_m_e[_s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t]=_v_a_l_u_e syntax in-
@@ -1825,6 +1835,15 @@ EEXXPPAANNSSIIOONN
               itself, depending on the value of _o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r.  Each _o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r is  a
               single letter:
 
+              UU      The  expansion is a string that is the value of _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r
+                     with lowercase alphabetic characters converted to  upper-
+                     case.
+              uu      The  expansion is a string that is the value of _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r
+                     with the first character converted to uppercase, if it is
+                     alphabetic.
+              LL      The  expansion is a string that is the value of _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r
+                     with uppercase alphabetic characters converted to  lower-
+                     case.
               QQ      The  expansion is a string that is the value of _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r
                      quoted in a format that can be reused as input.
               EE      The expansion is a string that is the value of  _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r
@@ -1836,6 +1855,9 @@ EEXXPPAANNSSIIOONN
               AA      The expansion is a string in the form  of  an  assignment
                      statement  or  ddeeccllaarree  command  that, if evaluated, will
                      recreate _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r with its attributes and value.
+              KK      Identical to AA, except that it prints compound assignment
+                     statements that recreate associative arrays as a sequence
+                     of key-value pairs (see AArrrraayyss above).
               aa      The expansion is a string consisting of flag values  rep-
                      resenting _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r's attributes.
 
@@ -3511,10 +3533,14 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE
               if  the  current  Readline  line  does not take up more than one
               physical line or if the length of the current Readline  line  is
               not greater than the length of the prompt plus the screen width.
+       cclleeaarr--ddiissppllaayy ((MM--CC--ll))
+              Clear  the  screen  and,  if possible, the terminal's scrollback
+              buffer, then redraw the current line, leaving the  current  line
+              at the top of the screen.
        cclleeaarr--ssccrreeeenn ((CC--ll))
-              Clear  the  screen  leaving  the  current line at the top of the
-              screen.  With an argument,  refresh  the  current  line  without
-              clearing the screen.
+              Clear the screen, then redraw the current line, leaving the cur-
+              rent line at the top of the screen.  With an  argument,  refresh
+              the current line without clearing the screen.
        rreeddrraaww--ccuurrrreenntt--lliinnee
               Refresh the current line.
 
@@ -4617,8 +4643,8 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               is  resumed.  The return value is 0 unless _n is not greater than
               or equal to 1.
 
-       ddeeccllaarree [--aaAAffFFggiillnnrrttuuxx] [--pp] [_n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ...]
-       ttyyppeesseett [--aaAAffFFggiillnnrrttuuxx] [--pp] [_n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ...]
+       ddeeccllaarree [--aaAAffFFggiiIIllnnrrttuuxx] [--pp] [_n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ...]
+       ttyyppeesseett [--aaAAffFFggiiIIllnnrrttuuxx] [--pp] [_n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ...]
               Declare variables and/or give them attributes.  If no _n_a_m_es  are
               given  then display the values of variables.  The --pp option will
               display the attributes and values of each _n_a_m_e.  When --pp is used
@@ -4635,9 +4661,13 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               _n_a_m_e  is  defined  are displayed as well.  The --FF option implies
               --ff.  The --gg option forces variables to be created or modified at
               the global scope, even when ddeeccllaarree is executed in a shell func-
-              tion.  It is ignored in all other cases.  The following  options
-              can  be  used to restrict output to variables with the specified
-              attribute or to give variables attributes:
+              tion.  It is ignored in all other cases.  The --II  option  causes
+              local  variables  to  inherit the attributes (except the _n_a_m_e_r_e_f
+              attribute) and value of any existing variable with the same _n_a_m_e
+              at  a  surrounding scope.  If there is no existing variable, the
+              local variable is initially unset.  The following options can be
+              used  to  restrict output to variables with the specified attri-
+              bute or to give variables attributes:
               --aa     Each _n_a_m_e  is  an  indexed  array  variable  (see  AArrrraayyss
                      above).
               --AA     Each  _n_a_m_e  is  an associative array variable (see AArrrraayyss
@@ -5970,7 +6000,7 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               function lookup, as with the ccoommmmaanndd builtin.  ttyyppee returns true
               if all of the arguments are found, false if any are not found.
 
-       uulliimmiitt [--HHSSaabbccddeeffiikkllmmnnppqqrrssttuuvvxxPPTT [_l_i_m_i_t]]
+       uulliimmiitt [--HHSSaabbccddeeffiikkllmmnnppqqrrssttuuvvxxPPRRTT [_l_i_m_i_t]]
               Provides  control  over the resources available to the shell and
               to processes started by it, on systems that allow such  control.
               The --HH and --SS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set
@@ -6011,16 +6041,19 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                      shell and, on some systems, to its children
               --xx     The maximum number of file locks
               --PP     The maximum number of pseudoterminals
+              --RR     The maximum time  a  real-time  process  can  run  before
+                     blocking, in microseconds
               --TT     The maximum number of threads
 
-              If _l_i_m_i_t is given, and the --aa option is not used, _l_i_m_i_t  is  the
-              new  value  of  the  specified resource.  If no option is given,
-              then --ff is assumed.  Values are in 1024-byte increments,  except
-              for  --tt,  which is in seconds; --pp, which is in units of 512-byte
-              blocks; --PP, --TT, --bb, --kk, --nn, and --uu, which are  unscaled  values;
-              and, when in posix mode, --cc and --ff, which are in 512-byte incre-
-              ments.  The return status is 0 unless an invalid option or argu-
-              ment is supplied, or an error occurs while setting a new limit.
+              If  _l_i_m_i_t  is given, and the --aa option is not used, _l_i_m_i_t is the
+              new value of the specified resource.  If  no  option  is  given,
+              then  --ff is assumed.  Values are in 1024-byte increments, except
+              for --tt, which is in seconds; --RR, which is in  microseconds;  --pp,
+              which  is  in  units of 512-byte blocks; --PP, --TT, --bb, --kk, --nn, and
+              --uu, which are unscaled values; and, when in posix mode,  --cc  and
+              --ff,  which  are  in 512-byte increments.  The return status is 0
+              unless an invalid option or argument is supplied,  or  an  error
+              occurs while setting a new limit.
 
        uummaasskk [--pp] [--SS] [_m_o_d_e]
               The user file-creation mask is set to _m_o_d_e.  If _m_o_d_e begins with
@@ -6209,4 +6242,4 @@ BBUUGGSS
 
 
 
-GNU Bash 5.0                    2020 January 29                        BASH(1)
+GNU Bash 5.0                     2020 March 24                         BASH(1)

doc/bash.1

@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@
 .\"	Case Western Reserve University
 .\"	chet.ramey@case.edu
 .\"
-.\"	Last Change: Tue Mar 17 18:27:36 EDT 2020
+.\"	Last Change: Tue Mar 24 16:38:43 EDT 2020
 .\"
 .\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
 .if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
 .if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
-.TH BASH 1 "2020 March 17" "GNU Bash 5.0"
+.TH BASH 1 "2020 March 24" "GNU Bash 5.0"
 .\"
 .\" There's some problem with having a `@'
 .\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ files, the
 option has no effect.
 A non-interactive shell invoked with the name
 .B sh
-does not attempt to read any other startup files. 
+does not attempt to read any other startup files.
 When invoked as
 .BR sh ,
 .B bash
@@ -452,7 +452,6 @@ and the effective user id is set to the real user id.
 If the \fB\-p\fP option is supplied at invocation, the startup behavior is
 the same, but the effective user id is not reset.
 .SH DEFINITIONS
-.PP
 The following definitions are used throughout the rest of this
 document.
 .PD 0
@@ -481,7 +480,6 @@ A character that, when unquoted, separates words.  One of the following:
 .if t \fB|  &  ;  (  )  <  >  space  tab  newline\fP
 .if n \fB|  & ; ( ) < > space tab newline\fP
 .RE
-.PP
 .TP
 .B control operator
 A \fItoken\fP that performs a control function.  It is one of the following
@@ -511,7 +509,6 @@ command:
 .if t .RE
 .SH "SHELL GRAMMAR"
 .SS Simple Commands
-.PP
 A \fIsimple command\fP is a sequence of optional variable assignments
 followed by \fBblank\fP-separated words and redirections, and
 terminated by a \fIcontrol operator\fP.  The first word
@@ -522,7 +519,6 @@ The return value of a \fIsimple command\fP is its exit status, or
 128+\fIn\^\fP if the command is terminated by signal
 .IR n .
 .SS Pipelines
-.PP
 A \fIpipeline\fP is a sequence of one or more commands separated by
 one of the control operators
 .B |
@@ -599,7 +595,6 @@ If the \fBlastpipe\fP option is enabled using the \fBshopt\fP builtin
 (see the description of \fBshopt\fP below),
 the last element of a pipeline may be run by the shell process.
 .SS Lists
-.PP
 A \fIlist\fP is a sequence of one or more pipelines separated by one
 of the operators
 .BR ; ,
@@ -657,7 +652,6 @@ An OR list has the form
 .RS
 .PP
 \fIcommand1\fP \fB||\fP \fIcommand2\fP
-.PP
 .RE
 .PP
 .I command2
@@ -668,7 +662,6 @@ The return status of
 AND and OR lists is the exit status of the last command
 executed in the list.
 .SS Compound Commands
-.PP
 A \fIcompound command\fP is one of the following.
 In most cases a \fIlist\fP in a command's description may be separated from
 the rest of the command by one or more newlines, and may be followed by a
@@ -942,7 +935,6 @@ is the exit status
 of the last command executed in \fIlist-2\fP, or zero if
 none was executed.
 .SS Coprocesses
-.PP
 A \fIcoprocess\fP is a shell command preceded by the \fBcoproc\fP reserved
 word.
 A coprocess is executed asynchronously in a subshell, as if the command
@@ -989,7 +981,6 @@ Since the coprocess is created as an asynchronous command,
 the \fBcoproc\fP command always returns success.
 The return status of a coprocess is the exit status of \fIcommand\fP.
 .SS Shell Function Definitions
-.PP
 A shell function is an object that is called like a simple command and
 executes a compound command with a new set of positional parameters.
 Shell functions are declared as follows:
@@ -1323,7 +1314,6 @@ Namerefs can be unset using the \fB\-n\fP option to the \fBunset\fP builtin.
 Otherwise, if \fBunset\fP is executed with the name of a nameref variable
 as an argument, the variable referenced by the nameref variable will be unset.
 .SS Positional Parameters
-.PP
 A
 .I positional parameter
 is a parameter denoted by one or more
@@ -1344,7 +1334,6 @@ digit is expanded, it must be enclosed in braces (see
 .B EXPANSION
 below).
 .SS Special Parameters
-.PP
 The shell treats several parameters specially.  These parameters may
 only be referenced; assignment to them is not allowed.
 .PD 0
@@ -1402,7 +1391,7 @@ Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed foreground
 pipeline.
 .TP
 .B \-
-Expands to the current option flags as specified upon invocation, 
+Expands to the current option flags as specified upon invocation,
 by the
 .B set
 builtin command, or those set by the shell itself
@@ -1442,7 +1431,6 @@ to the filename used to invoke
 as given by argument zero.
 .PD
 .SS Shell Variables
-.PP
 The following variables are set by the shell:
 .PP
 .PD 0
@@ -2161,7 +2149,7 @@ filename completion (see
 .SM
 .B READLINE
 below).
-A filename whose suffix matches one of the entries in 
+A filename whose suffix matches one of the entries in
 .SM
 .B FIGNORE
 is excluded from the list of matched filenames.
@@ -2469,9 +2457,13 @@ had been executed.
 When the shell enters \fIposix mode\fP, it sets this variable if it was
 not already set.
 .TP
+.B PROMPT_COMMANDS
+If this array variable is set,
+the value of each set element is executed as a command
+prior to issuing each primary prompt.
+If this is not set, but
 .B PROMPT_COMMAND
-If set, the value is executed as a command prior to issuing each primary
-prompt.
+is set to a value, its value is used as a command to execute instead.
 .TP
 .B PROMPT_DIRTRIM
 If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the number of
@@ -2684,14 +2676,24 @@ builtins.  Each attribute applies to all members of an array.
 .PP
 Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form
 \fIname\fP=\fB(\fPvalue\fI1\fP ... value\fIn\fP\fB)\fP, where each
-\fIvalue\fP is of the form [\fIsubscript\fP]=\fIstring\fP.
+\fIvalue\fP may be of the form [\fIsubscript\fP]=\fIstring\fP.
 Indexed array assignments do not require anything but \fIstring\fP.
 When assigning to indexed arrays, if the optional brackets and subscript
 are supplied, that index is assigned to;
 otherwise the index of the element assigned is the last index assigned
 to by the statement plus one.  Indexing starts at zero.
 .PP
-When assigning to an associative array, the subscript is required.
+When assigning to an associative array, the words in a compound assignment
+may be either assignment statements, for which the subscript is required,
+or a list of words that is interpreted as a sequence of alternating keys
+and values:
+\fIname\fP=\fB( \fP\fIkey1 value1 key2 value2\fP ...\fB)\fP.
+These are treated identically to
+\fIname\fP=\fB(\fP [\fIkey1\fP]=\fIvalue1\fP [\fIkey2\fP]=\fIvalue2\fP ...\fB)\fP.
+The first word in the list determines how the remaining words
+are interpreted; all assignments in a list must be of the same type.
+When using key/value pairs, the keys may not be missing or empty;
+a final missing value is treated like the empty string.
 .PP
 This syntax is also accepted by the
 .B declare
@@ -2830,7 +2832,6 @@ as explained above (see
 .SM
 .BR PARAMETERS ).
 .SS Brace Expansion
-.PP
 .I "Brace expansion"
 is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings
 may be generated.  This mechanism is similar to
@@ -2928,7 +2929,6 @@ command (see
 .B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
 below).
 .SS Tilde Expansion
-.PP
 If a word begins with an unquoted tilde character (`\fB~\fP'), all of
 the characters preceding the first unquoted slash (or all characters,
 if there is no unquoted slash) are considered a \fItilde-prefix\fP.
@@ -2991,7 +2991,6 @@ when they appear as arguments to simple commands.
 Bash does not do this, except for the \fIdeclaration\fP commands listed
 above, when in \fIposix mode\fP.
 .SS Parameter Expansion
-.PP
 The `\fB$\fP' character introduces parameter expansion,
 command substitution, or arithmetic expansion.  The parameter name
 or symbol to be expanded may be enclosed in braces, which
@@ -3355,6 +3354,18 @@ or information about \fIparameter\fP itself, depending on the value of
 .RS
 .PD 0
 .TP
+.B U
+The expansion is a string that is the value of \fIparameter\fP with lowercase
+alphabetic characters converted to uppercase.
+.TP
+.B u
+The expansion is a string that is the value of \fIparameter\fP with the first
+character converted to uppercase, if it is alphabetic.
+.TP
+.B L
+The expansion is a string that is the value of \fIparameter\fP with uppercase
+alphabetic characters converted to lowercase.
+.TP
 .B Q
 The expansion is a string that is the value of \fIparameter\fP quoted in a
 format that can be reused as input.
@@ -3372,6 +3383,12 @@ The expansion is a string in the form of
 an assignment statement or \fBdeclare\fP command that, if
 evaluated, will recreate \fIparameter\fP with its attributes and value.
 .TP
+.B K
+Produces a possibly-quoted version of the value of \fIparameter\fP,
+except that it prints the values of
+indexed and associative arrays as a sequence of quoted key-value pairs
+(see \fBArrays\fP above).
+.TP
 .B a
 The expansion is a string consisting of flag values representing
 \fIparameter\fP's attributes.
@@ -3398,7 +3415,6 @@ The result of the expansion is subject to word splitting and pathname
 expansion as described below.
 .RE
 .SS Command Substitution
-.PP
 \fICommand substitution\fP allows the output of a command to replace
 the command name.  There are two forms:
 .RS
@@ -3436,7 +3452,6 @@ escape the inner backquotes with backslashes.
 If the substitution appears within double quotes, word splitting and
 pathname expansion are not performed on the results.
 .SS Arithmetic Expansion
-.PP
 Arithmetic expansion allows the evaluation of an arithmetic expression
 and the substitution of the result.  The format for arithmetic expansion is:
 .RS
@@ -3462,7 +3477,6 @@ is invalid,
 .B bash
 prints a message indicating failure and no substitution occurs.
 .SS Process Substitution
-.PP
 \fIProcess substitution\fP allows a process's input or output to be
 referred to using a filename.
 It takes the form of
@@ -3486,7 +3500,6 @@ simultaneously with parameter and variable expansion,
 command substitution,
 and arithmetic expansion.
 .SS Word Splitting
-.PP
 The shell scans the results of
 parameter expansion,
 command substitution,
@@ -3571,7 +3584,6 @@ null argument removal.
 Note that if no expansion occurs, no splitting
 is performed.
 .SS Pathname Expansion
-.PP
 After word splitting,
 unless the
 .B \-f
@@ -3831,7 +3843,6 @@ contain multiple matches.
 Using separate matches against shorter strings, or using arrays of
 strings instead of a single long string, may be faster.
 .SS Quote Removal
-.PP
 After the preceding expansions, all unquoted occurrences of the
 characters
 .BR \e ,
@@ -3947,7 +3958,6 @@ Redirections using file descriptors greater than 9 should be used with
 care, as they may conflict with file descriptors the shell uses
 internally.
 .SS Redirecting Input
-.PP
 Redirection of input causes the file whose name results from
 the expansion of
 .I word
@@ -3963,7 +3973,6 @@ The general format for redirecting input is:
 [\fIn\fP]\fB<\fP\fIword\fP
 .RE
 .SS Redirecting Output
-.PP
 Redirection of output causes the file whose name results from
 the expansion of
 .I word
@@ -4000,7 +4009,6 @@ option to the
 builtin command is not enabled, the redirection is attempted even
 if the file named by \fIword\fP exists.
 .SS Appending Redirected Output
-.PP
 Redirection of output in this fashion
 causes the file whose name results from
 the expansion of
@@ -4016,9 +4024,7 @@ The general format for appending output is:
 .PP
 [\fIn\fP]\fB>>\fP\fIword\fP
 .RE
-.PP
 .SS Redirecting Standard Output and Standard Error
-.PP
 This construct allows both the
 standard output (file descriptor 1) and
 the standard error output (file descriptor 2)
@@ -4049,7 +4055,6 @@ When using the second form, \fIword\fP may not expand to a number or
 (see \fBDuplicating File Descriptors\fP below) for compatibility
 reasons.
 .SS Appending Standard Output and Standard Error
-.PP
 This construct allows both the
 standard output (file descriptor 1) and
 the standard error output (file descriptor 2)
@@ -4071,7 +4076,6 @@ This is semantically equivalent to
 .PP
 (see \fBDuplicating File Descriptors\fP below).
 .SS Here Documents
-.PP
 This type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from the
 current source until a line containing only
 .I delimiter
@@ -4138,7 +4142,6 @@ The result is supplied as a single string, with a newline appended,
 to the command on its
 standard input (or file descriptor \fIn\fP if \fIn\fP is specified).
 .SS "Duplicating File Descriptors"
-.PP
 The redirection operator
 .RS
 .PP
@@ -4187,7 +4190,6 @@ As a special case, if \fIn\fP is omitted, and \fIword\fP does not
 expand to one or more digits or \fB\-\fP, the standard output and standard
 error are redirected as described previously.
 .SS "Moving File Descriptors"
-.PP
 The redirection operator
 .RS
 .PP
@@ -4209,7 +4211,6 @@ moves the file descriptor \fIdigit\fP to file descriptor
 .IR n ,
 or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if \fIn\fP is not specified.
 .SS "Opening File Descriptors for Reading and Writing"
-.PP
 The redirection operator
 .RS
 .PP
@@ -4433,7 +4434,7 @@ shell option is enabled).
 Functions may be exported so that subshells
 automatically have them defined with the
 .B \-f
-option to the 
+option to the
 .B export
 builtin.
 A function definition may be deleted using the \fB\-f\fP option to
@@ -4726,7 +4727,7 @@ When used with the \fB[[\fP command,
 .I Arg1
 and
 .I Arg2
-are evaluated as arithmetic expressions  (see
+are evaluated as arithmetic expressions (see
 .SM
 .B "ARITHMETIC EVALUATION"
 above).
@@ -4970,7 +4971,6 @@ invokes an external command, the variable
 is set to the full filename of the command and passed to that
 command in its environment.
 .SH "EXIT STATUS"
-.PP
 The exit status of an executed command is the value returned by the
 \fIwaitpid\fP system call or equivalent function.  Exit statuses
 fall between 0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may
@@ -5141,7 +5141,7 @@ Background processes which attempt to read from (write to when
 terminal are sent a
 .SM
 .B SIGTTIN (SIGTTOU)
-signal by the kernel's terminal driver, 
+signal by the kernel's terminal driver,
 which, unless caught, suspends the process.
 .PP
 If the operating system on which
@@ -5442,7 +5442,6 @@ options to the
 .B set
 builtin.
 .SS "Readline Notation"
-.PP
 In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote
 keystrokes.  Control keys are denoted by C\-\fIkey\fR, e.g., C\-n
 means Control\-N.  Similarly,
@@ -5478,7 +5477,6 @@ accumulated into one unit, which can be yanked all at once.
 Commands which do not kill text separate the chunks of text
 on the kill ring.
 .SS "Readline Initialization"
-.PP
 Readline is customized by putting commands in an initialization
 file (the \fIinputrc\fP file).
 The name of this file is taken from the value of the
@@ -5532,7 +5530,6 @@ and
 In addition to command names, readline allows keys to be bound
 to a string that is inserted when the key is pressed (a \fImacro\fP).
 .SS "Readline Key Bindings"
-.PP
 The syntax for controlling key bindings in the
 .I inputrc
 file is simple.  All that is required is the name of the
@@ -5683,7 +5680,6 @@ builtin command (see
 .B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
 below).
 .SS "Readline Variables"
-.PP
 Readline has variables that can be used to further customize its
 behavior.  A variable may be set in the
 .I inputrc
@@ -6004,7 +6000,6 @@ by \fIstat\fP(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible
 completions.
 .PD
 .SS "Readline Conditional Constructs"
-.PP
 Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional
 compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key
 bindings and variable settings to be performed as the result
@@ -6056,7 +6051,7 @@ The version number supplied on the right side of the operator consists
 of a major version number, an optional decimal point, and an optional
 minor version (e.g., \fB7.1\fP). If the minor version is omitted, it
 is assumed to be \fB0\fP.
-The operator may be separated from the string \fBversion\fP   
+The operator may be separated from the string \fBversion\fP
 and from the version number argument by whitespace.
 .IP \fBapplication\fP
 The \fBapplication\fP construct is used to include
@@ -6102,7 +6097,6 @@ would read \fI/etc/inputrc\fP:
 .fi
 .RE
 .SS Searching
-.PP
 Readline provides commands for searching through the command history
 (see
 .SM
@@ -6145,7 +6139,6 @@ Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting
 to search for matching history lines.  The search string may be
 typed by the user or be part of the contents of the current line.
 .SS "Readline Command Names"
-.PP
 The following is a list of the names of the commands and the default
 key sequences to which they are bound.
 Command names without an accompanying key sequence are unbound by default.
@@ -6154,7 +6147,6 @@ position, and \fImark\fP refers to a cursor position saved by the
 \fBset\-mark\fP command.
 The text between the point and mark is referred to as the \fIregion\fP.
 .SS Commands for Moving
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B beginning\-of\-line (C\-a)
@@ -6188,7 +6180,7 @@ Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters.
 .B previous\-screen\-line
 Attempt to move point to the same physical screen column on the previous
 physical screen line. This will not have the desired effect if the current
-Readline line does not take up more than one physical line or if point is not  
+Readline line does not take up more than one physical line or if point is not
 greater than the length of the prompt plus the screen width.
 .TP
 .B next\-screen\-line
@@ -6198,8 +6190,15 @@ Readline line does not take up more than one physical line or if the length
 of the current Readline line is not greater than the length of the prompt
 plus the screen width.
 .TP
+.B clear\-display (M\-C\-l)
+Clear the screen and, if possible, the terminal's scrollback buffer,
+then redraw the current line,
+leaving the current line at the top of the screen.
+.TP
 .B clear\-screen (C\-l)
-Clear the screen leaving the current line at the top of the screen.
+Clear the screen,
+then redraw the current line,
+leaving the current line at the top of the screen.
 With an argument, refresh the current line without clearing the
 screen.
 .TP
@@ -6207,7 +6206,6 @@ screen.
 Refresh the current line.
 .PD
 .SS Commands for Manipulating the History
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B accept\-line (Newline, Return)
@@ -6260,7 +6258,7 @@ between the start of the current line and the point.
 This is a non-incremental search.
 .TP
 .B history\-substring\-search\-backward
-Search backward through the history for the string of characters   
+Search backward through the history for the string of characters
 between the start of the current line and the current cursor
 position (the \fIpoint\fP).
 The search string may match anywhere in a history line.
@@ -6349,7 +6347,6 @@ commands.
 and \fIemacs\fP as the editor, in that order.
 .PD
 .SS Commands for Changing Text
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B \fIend\-of\-file\fP (usually C\-d)
@@ -6424,7 +6421,6 @@ Characters bound to \fBbackward\-delete\-char\fP replace the character
 before point with a space.  By default, this command is unbound.
 .PD
 .SS Killing and Yanking
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B kill\-line (C\-k)
@@ -6495,7 +6491,6 @@ or
 .BR yank\-pop .
 .PD
 .SS Numeric Arguments
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B digit\-argument (M\-0, M\-1, ..., M\-\-)
@@ -6517,7 +6512,6 @@ first time makes the argument count four, a second time makes the
 argument count sixteen, and so on.
 .PD
 .SS Completing
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B complete (TAB)
@@ -6622,7 +6616,6 @@ enclosed within braces so the list is available to the shell (see
 above).
 .PD
 .SS Keyboard Macros
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B start\-kbd\-macro (C\-x (\^)
@@ -6641,7 +6634,6 @@ Print the last keyboard macro defined in a format suitable for the
 \fIinputrc\fP file.
 .PD
 .SS Miscellaneous
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B re\-read\-init\-file (C\-x C\-r)
@@ -6655,8 +6647,8 @@ ring the terminal's bell (subject to the setting of
 .TP
 .B do\-lowercase\-version (M\-A, M\-B, M\-\fIx\fP, ...)
 If the metafied character \fIx\fP is uppercase, run the command
-that is bound to the corresponding metafied lowercase character. 
-The behavior is undefined if \fIx\fP is already lowercase. 
+that is bound to the corresponding metafied lowercase character.
+The behavior is undefined if \fIx\fP is already lowercase.
 .TP
 .B prefix\-meta (ESC)
 Metafy the next character typed.
@@ -6759,7 +6751,6 @@ Display version information about the current instance of
 .BR bash .
 .PD
 .SS Programmable Completion
-.PP
 When word completion is attempted for an argument to a command for
 which a completion specification (a \fIcompspec\fP) has been defined
 using the \fBcomplete\fP builtin (see
@@ -7077,7 +7068,6 @@ builtin below under
 .B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
 for information on setting and unsetting shell options.
 .SH "HISTORY EXPANSION"
-.PP
 The shell supports a history expansion feature that
 is similar to the history expansion in
 .BR csh .
@@ -7171,7 +7161,6 @@ The shell uses
 the history comment character to mark history timestamps when
 writing the history file.
 .SS Event Designators
-.PP
 An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the
 history list.
 Unless the reference is absolute, events are relative to the current
@@ -7225,7 +7214,6 @@ Equivalent to
 The entire command line typed so far.
 .PD
 .SS Word Designators
-.PP
 Word designators are used to select desired words from the event.
 A
 .B :
@@ -7282,13 +7270,11 @@ If \fBx\fP is missing, it defaults to 0.
 If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the
 previous command is used as the event.
 .SS Modifiers
-.PP
 After the optional word designator, there may appear a sequence of
 one or more of the following modifiers, each preceded by a `:'.
 These modify, or edit, the word or words selected from the history event.
 .PP
 .PD 0
-.PP
 .TP
 .B h
 Remove a trailing filename component, leaving only the head.
@@ -10630,7 +10616,7 @@ option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the \fBcommand\fP builtin.
 returns true if all of the arguments are found, false if
 any are not found.
 .TP
-\fBulimit\fP [\fB\-HSabcdefiklmnpqrstuvxPT\fP [\fIlimit\fP]]
+\fBulimit\fP [\fB\-HSabcdefiklmnpqrstuvxPRT\fP [\fIlimit\fP]]
 Provides control over the resources available to the shell and to
 processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
 The \fB\-H\fP and \fB\-S\fP options specify that the hard or soft limit is
@@ -10720,6 +10706,9 @@ The maximum number of file locks
 .B \-P
 The maximum number of pseudoterminals
 .TP
+.B \-R
+The maximum time a real-time process can run before blocking, in microseconds
+.TP
 .B \-T
 The maximum number of threads
 .PD
@@ -10735,6 +10724,8 @@ If no option is given, then
 is assumed.  Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for
 .BR \-t ,
 which is in seconds;
+.BR \-R ,
+which is in microseconds;
 .BR \-p ,
 which is in units of 512-byte blocks;
 .BR \-P ,
@@ -11068,7 +11059,6 @@ Comments and bug reports concerning
 this manual page should be directed to
 .IR chet.ramey@case.edu .
 .SH BUGS
-.PP
 It's too big and too slow.
 .PP
 There are some subtle differences between

doc/bashref.texi

@@ -2311,6 +2311,15 @@ or information about @var{parameter} itself, depending on the value of
 @var{operator}.  Each @var{operator} is a single letter:
 
 @table @code
+@item U
+The expansion is a string that is the value of @var{parameter} with lowercase
+alphabetic characters converted to uppercase.
+@item u
+The expansion is a string that is the value of @var{parameter} with the first
+character converted to uppercase, if it is alphabetic.
+@item L
+The expansion is a string that is the value of @var{parameter} with uppercase
+alphabetic characters converted to lowercase.
 @item Q
 The expansion is a string that is the value of @var{parameter} quoted in a
 format that can be reused as input.
@@ -2324,6 +2333,11 @@ The expansion is a string that is the result of expanding the value of
 The expansion is a string in the form of
 an assignment statement or @code{declare} command that, if
 evaluated, will recreate @var{parameter} with its attributes and value.
+@item K
+Produces a possibly-quoted version of the value of @var{parameter},
+except that it prints the values of
+indexed and associative arrays as a sequence of quoted key-value pairs
+(@pxref{Arrays}).
 @item a
 The expansion is a string consisting of flag values representing
 @var{parameter}'s attributes.
@@ -4763,6 +4777,9 @@ The maximum number of file locks.
 @item -P
 The maximum number of pseudoterminals.
 
+@item -R
+The maximum time a real-time process can run before blocking, in microseconds.
+
 @item -T
 The maximum number of threads.
 @end table
@@ -4779,8 +4796,10 @@ is printed, unless the @option{-H} option is supplied.
 When setting new limits, if neither @option{-H} nor @option{-S} is supplied,
 both the hard and soft limits are set.
 If no option is given, then @option{-f} is assumed.  Values are in 1024-byte
-increments, except for @option{-t}, which is in seconds; @option{-p},
-which is in units of 512-byte blocks;
+increments, except for
+@option{-t}, which is in seconds;
+@option{-R}, which is in microseconds;
+@option{-p}, which is in units of 512-byte blocks;
 @option{-P},
 @option{-T},
 @option{-b},
@@ -6272,9 +6291,13 @@ not already set.
 The process @sc{id} of the shell's parent process.  This variable
 is readonly.
 
-@item PROMPT_COMMAND
-If set, the value is interpreted as a command to execute
-before the printing of each primary prompt (@env{$PS1}).
+@item PROMPT_COMMANDS
+If this array variable is set,
+the value of each set element is interpreted as a command to execute
+before printing the primary prompt (@env{$PS1}).
+If this is not set, but
+@env{PROMPT_COMMAND}
+is set to a value, its value is used as a command to execute instead.
 
 @item PROMPT_DIRTRIM
 If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the number of
@@ -6283,7 +6306,7 @@ trailing directory components to retain when expanding the @code{\w} and
 Characters removed are replaced with an ellipsis.
 
 @item PS0
-The value of this parameter is expanded like @var{PS1}
+The value of this parameter is expanded like @env{PS1}
 and displayed by interactive shells after reading a command
 and before the command is executed.
 
@@ -6820,8 +6843,8 @@ See @ref{Controlling the Prompt}, for a complete list of prompt
 string escape sequences.
 
 @item
-Bash executes the value of the @env{PROMPT_COMMAND} variable as a command
-before printing the primary prompt, @env{$PS1}
+Bash executes the values of the set elements of the @env{PROMPT_COMMANDS}
+array variable as commands before printing the primary prompt, @env{$PS1}
 (@pxref{Bash Variables}).
 
 @item
@@ -7281,14 +7304,24 @@ Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form
 @end example
 @noindent
 where each
-@var{value} is of the form @code{[@var{subscript}]=}@var{string}.
+@var{value} may be of the form @code{[@var{subscript}]=}@var{string}.
 Indexed array assignments do not require anything but @var{string}.
 When assigning to indexed arrays, if
 the optional subscript is supplied, that index is assigned to;
 otherwise the index of the element assigned is the last index assigned
 to by the statement plus one.  Indexing starts at zero.
 
-When assigning to an associative array, the subscript is required.
+When assigning to an associative array, the words in a compound assignment
+may be either assignment statements, for which the subscript is required,
+or a list of words that is interpreted as a sequence of alternating keys
+and values:
+@var{name}=(@var{key1} @var{value1} @var{key2} @var{value2} @dots{} ).
+These are treated identically to
+@var{name}=( [@var{key1}]=@var{value1} [@var{key2}]=@var{value2} @dots{} ).
+The first word in the list determines how the remaining words
+are interpreted; all assignments in a list must be of the same type.
+When using key/value pairs, the keys may not be missing or empty;
+a final missing value is treated like the empty string.
 
 This syntax is also accepted by the @code{declare}
 builtin.  Individual array elements may be assigned to using the
@@ -7485,10 +7518,11 @@ to the @code{cd} builtin.
 @section Controlling the Prompt
 @cindex prompting
 
-The value of the variable @env{PROMPT_COMMAND} is examined just before
-Bash prints each primary prompt.  If @env{PROMPT_COMMAND} is set and
-has a non-null value, then the
-value is executed just as if it had been typed on the command line.
+Bash examines the value of the array variable @env{PROMPT_COMMANDS} just before
+printing each primary prompt.
+If any elements in  @env{PROMPT_COMMANDS} are set and non-null, Bash
+executes each value, in numeric order,
+just as if it had been typed on the command line.
 
 In addition, the following table describes the special characters which
 can appear in the prompt variables @env{PS0}, @env{PS1}, @env{PS2}, and

doc/version.texi

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
 Copyright (C) 1988-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 @end ignore
 
-@set LASTCHANGE Tue Mar 17 18:27:12 EDT 2020
+@set LASTCHANGE Tue Mar 24 16:38:56 EDT 2020
 
 @set EDITION 5.0
 @set VERSION 5.0
 
-@set UPDATED 17 March 2020
+@set UPDATED 24 March 2020
 @set UPDATED-MONTH March 2020

eval.c

@@ -259,13 +259,39 @@ send_pwd_to_eterm ()
   free (f);
 }
 
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+void
+execute_array_command (ae, v)
+     ARRAY_ELEMENT *ae;
+     void *v;
+{
+  char *tag, *command;
+
+  tag = (char *)v;
+  command = element_value (ae);
+  if (command && *command)
+    execute_variable_command (command, tag);
+}
+#endif
+  
 static void
 execute_prompt_command ()
 {
   char *command_to_execute;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+  SHELL_VAR *pcv;
+  ARRAY *pcmds;
+
+  GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("PROMPT_COMMANDS", pcv, pcmds);
+  if (pcv && var_isset (pcv) && pcmds && array_num_elements (pcmds) > 0)
+    {
+      array_walk (pcmds, execute_array_command, "PROMPT_COMMANDS");
+      return;
+    }
+#endif
 
   command_to_execute = get_string_value ("PROMPT_COMMAND");
-  if (command_to_execute)
+  if (command_to_execute && *command_to_execute)
     execute_variable_command (command_to_execute, "PROMPT_COMMAND");
 }
 /* Call the YACC-generated parser and return the status of the parse.

execute_cmd.c

@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ execute_command_internal (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out,
   volatile int save_line_number;
 #if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
   volatile int ofifo, nfifo, osize, saved_fifo;
-  volatile char *ofifo_list;
+  volatile void *ofifo_list;
 #endif
 
   if (breaking || continuing)
@@ -751,12 +751,14 @@ execute_command_internal (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out,
   reap_procsubs ();
 #  endif
 
-  if (variable_context != 0 || executing_list)	/* XXX - also if sourcelevel != 0? */
+  /* XXX - also if sourcelevel != 0? */
+  if (variable_context != 0 || executing_list)
     {
       ofifo = num_fifos ();
       ofifo_list = copy_fifo_list ((int *)&osize);
       begin_unwind_frame ("internal_fifos");
-      add_unwind_protect (xfree, ofifo_list);
+      if (ofifo_list)
+	add_unwind_protect (xfree, ofifo_list);
       saved_fifo = 1;
     }
   else
@@ -1067,26 +1069,10 @@ execute_command_internal (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out,
     {
       nfifo = num_fifos ();
       if (nfifo > ofifo)
-	close_new_fifos ((char *)ofifo_list, osize);
+	close_new_fifos ((void *)ofifo_list, osize);
       free ((void *)ofifo_list);
       discard_unwind_frame ("internal_fifos");
     }
-# if defined (HAVE_DEV_FD)
-  /* Reap process substitutions at the end of loops */
-  switch (command->type)
-    {
-    case cm_while:
-    case cm_until:
-    case cm_for:
-    case cm_group:
-#    if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
-    case cm_arith_for:
-#    endif
-      reap_procsubs ();
-    default:
-      break;
-    }
-#  endif /* HAVE_DEV_FD */
 #endif
 
   /* Invert the return value if we have to */
@@ -5182,7 +5168,7 @@ execute_builtin_or_function (words, builtin, var, redirects,
   REDIRECT *saved_undo_list;
 #if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
   int ofifo, nfifo, osize;
-  char *ofifo_list;
+  void *ofifo_list;
 #endif
 
 #if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)

lib/readline/display.c

@@ -1323,12 +1323,7 @@ rl_redisplay (void)
 	      _rl_last_c_pos < PROMPT_ENDING_INDEX && local_prompt)
 #endif
 	    {
-#if defined (__MSDOS__)
-	      putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
-#else
-	      if (_rl_term_cr)
-		tputs (_rl_term_cr, 1, _rl_output_character_function);
-#endif
+	      _rl_cr ();
 	      if (modmark)
 		_rl_output_some_chars ("*", 1);
 
@@ -1962,11 +1957,7 @@ update_line (char *old, char *new, int current_line, int omax, int nmax, int inv
       (((od > 0 || nd > 0) && (od <= prompt_last_invisible || nd <= prompt_last_invisible)) ||
 		((od >= lendiff) && _rl_last_c_pos < PROMPT_ENDING_INDEX)))
     {
-#if defined (__MSDOS__)
-      putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
-#else
-      tputs (_rl_term_cr, 1, _rl_output_character_function);
-#endif
+      _rl_cr ();
       if (modmark)
 	_rl_output_some_chars ("*", 1);
       _rl_output_some_chars (local_prompt, lendiff);
@@ -2420,11 +2411,7 @@ rl_clear_visible_line (void)
   int curr_line;
 
   /* Make sure we move to column 0 so we clear the entire line */
-#if defined (__MSDOS__)
-  putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
-#else
-  tputs (_rl_term_cr, 1, _rl_output_character_function);
-#endif
+  _rl_cr ();
   _rl_last_c_pos = 0;
 
   /* Move to the last screen line of the current visible line */
@@ -2635,11 +2622,7 @@ _rl_move_cursor_relative (int new, const char *data)
   if (dpos == 0 || CR_FASTER (dpos, _rl_last_c_pos) ||
       (_rl_term_autowrap && i == _rl_screenwidth))
     {
-#if defined (__MSDOS__)
-      putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
-#else
-      tputs (_rl_term_cr, 1, _rl_output_character_function);
-#endif /* !__MSDOS__ */
+      _rl_cr ();
       cpos = _rl_last_c_pos = 0;
     }
 
@@ -2671,7 +2654,7 @@ _rl_move_cursor_relative (int new, const char *data)
 	    }
 	  else
 	    {
-	      tputs (_rl_term_cr, 1, _rl_output_character_function);
+	      _rl_cr ();
 	      for (i = 0; i < new; i++)
 		putc (data[i], rl_outstream);
 	    }
@@ -2706,11 +2689,7 @@ _rl_move_vert (int to)
     {
       for (i = 0; i < delta; i++)
 	putc ('\n', rl_outstream);
-#if defined (__MSDOS__)
-      putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
-#else
-      tputs (_rl_term_cr, 1, _rl_output_character_function);
-#endif
+      _rl_cr ();
       _rl_last_c_pos = 0;
     }
   else
@@ -3051,14 +3030,18 @@ space_to_eol (int count)
 }
 
 void
-_rl_clear_screen (void)
+_rl_clear_screen (int clrscr)
 {
 #if defined (__DJGPP__)
   ScreenClear ();
   ScreenSetCursor (0, 0);
 #else
   if (_rl_term_clrpag)
-    tputs (_rl_term_clrpag, 1, _rl_output_character_function);
+    {
+      tputs (_rl_term_clrpag, 1, _rl_output_character_function);
+      if (clrscr && _rl_term_clrscroll)
+	tputs (_rl_term_clrscroll, 1, _rl_output_character_function);
+    }
   else
     rl_crlf ();
 #endif /* __DJGPP__ */
@@ -3177,15 +3160,8 @@ _rl_update_final (void)
 static void
 cr (void)
 {
-  if (_rl_term_cr)
-    {
-#if defined (__MSDOS__)
-      putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
-#else
-      tputs (_rl_term_cr, 1, _rl_output_character_function);
-#endif
-      _rl_last_c_pos = 0;
-    }
+  _rl_cr ();
+  _rl_last_c_pos = 0;
 }
 
 /* Redraw the last line of a multi-line prompt that may possibly contain
@@ -3228,24 +3204,19 @@ _rl_redisplay_after_sigwinch (void)
     {
       _rl_move_vert (_rl_vis_botlin);
 
-#if defined (__MSDOS__)
-      putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
-#else
-      tputs (_rl_term_cr, 1, _rl_output_character_function);
-#endif
+      _rl_cr ();
       _rl_last_c_pos = 0;
-#if defined (__MSDOS__)
-      space_to_eol (_rl_screenwidth);
-      putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
-#else
+
+#if !defined (__MSDOS__)
       if (_rl_term_clreol)
 	tputs (_rl_term_clreol, 1, _rl_output_character_function);
       else
+#endif
 	{
 	  space_to_eol (_rl_screenwidth);
-	  tputs (_rl_term_cr, 1, _rl_output_character_function);
+	  _rl_cr ();
 	}
-#endif
+
       if (_rl_last_v_pos > 0)
 	_rl_move_vert (0);
     }

lib/readline/doc/history.3

@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@
 .SH NAME
 history \- GNU History Library
 .SH COPYRIGHT
-.if t The GNU History Library is Copyright \(co 1989-2017 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-.if n The GNU History Library is Copyright (C) 1989-2017 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+.if t The GNU History Library is Copyright \(co 1989-2020 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+.if n The GNU History Library is Copyright (C) 1989-2020 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 Many programs read input from the user a line at a time.  The GNU
 History library is able to keep track of those lines, associate arbitrary
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ data with each line, and utilize information from previous lines in
 composing new ones. 
 .PP
 .SH "HISTORY EXPANSION"
-.PP
 The history library supports a history expansion feature that
 is identical to the history expansion in
 .BR bash.
@@ -80,7 +79,6 @@ history expansion character, which is \^\fB!\fP\^ by default.
 Only backslash (\^\fB\e\fP\^) and single quotes can quote
 the history expansion character.
 .SS Event Designators
-.PP
 An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the
 history list.
 Unless the reference is absolute, events are relative to the current
@@ -134,7 +132,6 @@ Equivalent to
 The entire command line typed so far.
 .PD
 .SS Word Designators
-.PP
 Word designators are used to select desired words from the event.
 A
 .B :
@@ -191,7 +188,6 @@ If \fBx\fP is missing, it defaults to 0.
 If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the
 previous command is used as the event.
 .SS Modifiers
-.PP
 After the optional word designator, there may appear a sequence of
 one or more of the following modifiers, each preceded by a `:'.
 These modify, or edit, the word or words selected from the history event.
@@ -280,7 +276,6 @@ in the event line.
 .SH "PROGRAMMING WITH HISTORY FUNCTIONS"
 This section describes how to use the History library in other programs.
 .SS Introduction to History
-.PP
 The programmer using the History library has available functions
 for remembering lines on a history list, associating arbitrary data
 with a line, removing lines from the list, searching through the list
@@ -308,9 +303,7 @@ in any file that uses the
 History library's features.  It supplies extern declarations for all
 of the library's public functions and variables, and declares all of
 the public data structures.
-
 .SS History Storage
-.PP
 The history list is an array of history entries.  A history entry is
 declared as follows:
 .PP
@@ -346,7 +339,6 @@ typedef struct _hist_state {
 If the flags member includes \fBHS_STIFLED\fP, the history has been
 stifled.
 .SH "History Functions"
-.PP
 This section describes the calling sequence for the various functions
 exported by the GNU History library.
 .SS Initializing History and State Management
@@ -365,7 +357,6 @@ Return a structure describing the current state of the input history.
 Set the state of the history list according to \fIstate\fP.
 
 .SS History List Management
-
 These functions manage individual entries on the history list, or set
 parameters managing the list itself.
 

lib/readline/doc/history.texi

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ This document describes the GNU History library
 a programming tool that provides a consistent user interface for
 recalling lines of previously typed input.
 
-Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 @quotation
 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document

lib/readline/doc/hsuser.texi

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 @ignore
 This file documents the user interface to the GNU History library.
 
-Copyright (C) 1988--2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1988--2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 Authored by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey.
 
 Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual

lib/readline/doc/readline.3

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 .\"	Case Western Reserve University
 .\"	chet.ramey@case.edu
 .\"
-.\"	Last Change: Mon Nov 25 10:53:27 EST 2019
+.\"	Last Change: Tue Mar 24 09:27:30 EDT 2020
 .\"
-.TH READLINE 3 "2019 November 25" "GNU Readline 8.0"
+.TH READLINE 3 "2020 March 24" "GNU Readline 8.0"
 .\"
 .\" File Name macro.  This used to be `.PN', for Path Name,
 .\" but Sun doesn't seem to like that very much.
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ readline \- get a line from a user with editing
 \fBreadline\fP (\fIconst char *prompt\fP);
 .fi
 .SH COPYRIGHT
-.if n Readline is Copyright (C) 1989\-2014 Free Software Foundation,  Inc.
-.if t Readline is Copyright \(co 1989\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+.if n Readline is Copyright (C) 1989\-2020 Free Software Foundation,  Inc.
+.if t Readline is Copyright \(co 1989\-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 .LP
 .B readline
@@ -163,7 +163,6 @@ In addition to command names, readline allows keys to be bound
 to a string that is inserted when the key is pressed (a \fImacro\fP).
 .PP
 .SS Key Bindings
-.PP
 The syntax for controlling key bindings in the
 .I inputrc
 file is simple.  All that is required is the name of the
@@ -318,7 +317,6 @@ similar mechanisms.  The
 file may be edited and re-read if a program does not provide
 any other means to incorporate new bindings.
 .SS Variables
-.PP
 Readline has variables that can be used to further customize its
 behavior.  A variable may be set in the
 .I inputrc
@@ -634,7 +632,6 @@ by \fIstat\fP(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible
 completions.
 .PD
 .SS Conditional Constructs
-.PP
 Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional
 compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key
 bindings and variable settings to be performed as the result
@@ -732,7 +729,6 @@ would read \fI/etc/inputrc\fP:
 .fi 
 .RE
 .SH SEARCHING
-.PP
 Readline provides commands for searching through the command history
 for lines containing a specified string.
 There are two search modes:
@@ -772,7 +768,6 @@ Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting
 to search for matching history lines.  The search string may be
 typed by the user or be part of the contents of the current line.
 .SH EDITING COMMANDS
-.PP
 The following is a list of the names of the commands and the default
 key sequences to which they are bound.
 Command names without an accompanying key sequence are unbound by default.
@@ -782,7 +777,6 @@ position, and \fImark\fP refers to a cursor position saved by the
 \fBset\-mark\fP command.
 The text between the point and mark is referred to as the \fIregion\fP.
 .SS Commands for Moving
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B beginning\-of\-line (C\-a)
@@ -818,8 +812,15 @@ Readline line does not take up more than one physical line or if the length
 of the current Readline line is not greater than the length of the prompt
 plus the screen width.
 .TP
+.B clear\-display (M\-C\-l)
+Clear the screen and, if possible, the terminal's scrollback buffer,
+then redraw the current line,
+leaving the current line at the top of the screen.
+.TP
 .B clear\-screen (C\-l)
-Clear the screen leaving the current line at the top of the screen.
+Clear the screen,
+then redraw the current line,
+leaving the current line at the top of the screen.
 With an argument, refresh the current line without clearing the
 screen.
 .TP
@@ -827,7 +828,6 @@ screen.
 Refresh the current line.
 .PD
 .SS Commands for Manipulating the History
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B accept\-line (Newline, Return)
@@ -920,7 +920,6 @@ The history expansion facilities are used to extract the last argument,
 as if the "!$" history expansion had been specified.
 .PD
 .SS Commands for Changing Text
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B \fIend\-of\-file\fP (usually C\-d)
@@ -995,7 +994,6 @@ Characters bound to \fBbackward\-delete\-char\fP replace the character
 before point with a space.  By default, this command is unbound.
 .PD
 .SS Killing and Yanking
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B kill\-line (C\-k)
@@ -1058,7 +1056,6 @@ or
 .BR yank\-pop .
 .PD
 .SS Numeric Arguments
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B digit\-argument (M\-0, M\-1, ..., M\-\-)
@@ -1080,7 +1077,6 @@ first time makes the argument count four, a second time makes the
 argument count sixteen, and so on.
 .PD
 .SS Completing
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B complete (TAB)
@@ -1137,7 +1133,6 @@ If at the end of the line, behaves identically to
 \fBpossible-completions\fP.
 .PD
 .SS Keyboard Macros
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B start\-kbd\-macro (C\-x (\^)
@@ -1156,7 +1151,6 @@ Print the last keyboard macro defined in a format suitable for the
 \fIinputrc\fP file.
 .PD
 .SS Miscellaneous
-.PP
 .PD 0
 .TP
 .B re\-read\-init\-file (C\-x C\-r)
@@ -1332,6 +1326,7 @@ Emacs Meta bindings
 "M-C-H"  backward-kill-word
 "M-C-I"  tab-insert
 "M-C-J"  vi-editing-mode
+"M-C-L"  clear-display
 "M-C-M"  vi-editing-mode
 "M-C-R"  revert-line
 "M-C-Y"  yank-nth-arg
@@ -1536,5 +1531,4 @@ Comments and bug reports concerning
 this manual page should be directed to
 .IR chet.ramey@case.edu .
 .SH BUGS
-.PP
 It's too big and too slow.

lib/readline/doc/rlman.texi

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ This manual describes the GNU Readline Library
 consistency of user interface across discrete programs which provide
 a command line interface.
 
-Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 @quotation
 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document

lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ This document describes the GNU Readline Library, a utility for aiding
 in the consistency of user interface across discrete programs that need
 to provide a command line interface.
 
-Copyright (C) 1988--2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1988--2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
 this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice

lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use these features.  There is a document entitled "readline.texinfo"
 which contains both end-user and programmer documentation for the
 GNU Readline Library.
 
-Copyright (C) 1988--2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1988--2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 Authored by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey.
 
@@ -1201,8 +1201,14 @@ Readline line does not take up more than one physical line or if the length
 of the current Readline line is not greater than the length of the prompt
 plus the screen width.
 
+@item clear-display (M-C-l)
+Clear the screen and, if possible, the terminal's scrollback buffer,
+then redraw the current line,
+leaving the current line at the top of the screen.
+
 @item clear-screen (C-l)
-Clear the screen and redraw the current line,
+Clear the screen,
+then redraw the current line,
 leaving the current line at the top of the screen.
 
 @item redraw-current-line ()

lib/readline/doc/rluserman.texi

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ This manual describes the end user interface of the GNU Readline Library
 consistency of user interface across discrete programs which provide
 a command line interface.
 
-Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 @quotation
 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document

lib/readline/doc/version.texi

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 @ignore
-Copyright (C) 1988-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 
+Copyright (C) 1988-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 
 @end ignore
 
 @set EDITION 8.0
 @set VERSION 8.0
-@set UPDATED 25 November 2019
-@set UPDATED-MONTH November 2019
+@set UPDATED 24 March 2020
+@set UPDATED-MONTH March 2020
 
-@set LASTCHANGE Mon Nov 25 10:53:13 EST 2019
+@set LASTCHANGE Tue Mar 24 09:28:28 EDT 2020

lib/readline/emacs_keymap.c

@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ KEYMAP_ENTRY_ARRAY emacs_meta_keymap = {
   { ISFUNC, rl_tab_insert },		/* Meta-Control-i */
   { ISFUNC, rl_vi_editing_mode },	/* Meta-Control-j */
   { ISFUNC, (rl_command_func_t *)0x0 },	/* Meta-Control-k */
-  { ISFUNC, (rl_command_func_t *)0x0 },	/* Meta-Control-l */
+  { ISFUNC, rl_clear_display },		/* Meta-Control-l */
   { ISFUNC, rl_vi_editing_mode }, 	/* Meta-Control-m */
   { ISFUNC, (rl_command_func_t *)0x0 },	/* Meta-Control-n */
   { ISFUNC, (rl_command_func_t *)0x0 },	/* Meta-Control-o */

lib/readline/funmap.c

@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ static const FUNMAP default_funmap[] = {
   { "capitalize-word", rl_capitalize_word },
   { "character-search", rl_char_search },
   { "character-search-backward", rl_backward_char_search },
+  { "clear-display", rl_clear_display },
   { "clear-screen", rl_clear_screen },
   { "complete", rl_complete },
   { "copy-backward-word", rl_copy_backward_word },

lib/readline/kill.c

@@ -727,7 +727,9 @@ rl_bracketed_paste_begin (int count, int key)
   char *buf;
 
   buf = _rl_bracketed_text (&len);
+  rl_mark = rl_point;
   retval = rl_insert_text (buf) == len ? 0 : 1;
+  rl_activate_mark ();
 
   xfree (buf);
   return (retval);

lib/readline/readline.c

@@ -417,6 +417,8 @@ readline_internal_setup (void)
   if (rl_startup_hook)
     (*rl_startup_hook) ();
 
+  rl_deactivate_mark ();
+
 #if defined (VI_MODE)
   if (rl_editing_mode == vi_mode)
     rl_vi_insertion_mode (1, 'i');	/* don't want to reset last */
@@ -638,6 +640,11 @@ readline_internal_charloop (void)
       if (rl_pending_input == 0 && lk == _rl_last_command_was_kill)
 	_rl_last_command_was_kill = 0;
 
+      if (_rl_keep_mark_active)
+        _rl_keep_mark_active = 0;
+      else if (rl_mark_active_p ())
+        rl_deactivate_mark ();
+
       _rl_internal_char_cleanup ();
 
 #if defined (READLINE_CALLBACKS)
@@ -1458,5 +1465,7 @@ rl_restore_state (struct readline_state *sp)
   rl_attempted_completion_function = sp->attemptfunc;
   rl_completer_word_break_characters = sp->wordbreakchars;
 
+  rl_deactivate_mark ();
+
   return (0);
 }

lib/readline/readline.h

@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ extern int rl_forward_word PARAMS((int, int));
 extern int rl_backward_word PARAMS((int, int));
 extern int rl_refresh_line PARAMS((int, int));
 extern int rl_clear_screen PARAMS((int, int));
+extern int rl_clear_display PARAMS((int, int));
 extern int rl_skip_csi_sequence PARAMS((int, int));
 extern int rl_arrow_keys PARAMS((int, int));
 
@@ -392,6 +393,14 @@ extern int rl_clear_message PARAMS((void));
 extern int rl_reset_line_state PARAMS((void));
 extern int rl_crlf PARAMS((void));
 
+/* Functions to manage the mark and region, especially the notion of an
+   active mark and an active region. */
+extern void rl_keep_mark_active PARAMS((void));
+
+extern void rl_activate_mark PARAMS((void));
+extern void rl_deactivate_mark PARAMS((void));
+extern int rl_mark_active_p PARAMS((void));
+
 #if defined (USE_VARARGS) && defined (PREFER_STDARG)
 extern int rl_message (const char *, ...)  __attribute__((__format__ (printf, 1, 2)));
 #else

lib/readline/rlprivate.h

@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ extern void _rl_restore_prompt PARAMS((void));
 extern char *_rl_make_prompt_for_search PARAMS((int));
 extern void _rl_erase_at_end_of_line PARAMS((int));
 extern void _rl_clear_to_eol PARAMS((int));
-extern void _rl_clear_screen PARAMS((void));
+extern void _rl_clear_screen PARAMS((int));
 extern void _rl_update_final PARAMS((void));
 extern void _rl_optimize_redisplay PARAMS((void));
 extern void _rl_redisplay_after_sigwinch PARAMS((void));
@@ -378,6 +378,7 @@ extern void _rl_output_character_function PARAMS((int));
 #else
 extern int _rl_output_character_function PARAMS((int));
 #endif
+extern void _rl_cr PARAMS((void));
 extern void _rl_output_some_chars PARAMS((const char *, int));
 extern int _rl_backspace PARAMS((int));
 extern void _rl_enable_meta_key PARAMS((void));
@@ -565,6 +566,7 @@ extern int _rl_term_autowrap;
 
 /* text.c */
 extern int _rl_optimize_typeahead;
+extern int _rl_keep_mark_active;
 
 /* undo.c */
 extern int _rl_doing_an_undo;

lib/readline/terminal.c

@@ -152,6 +152,10 @@ static int term_has_meta;
 static char *_rl_term_mm;
 static char *_rl_term_mo;
 
+/* The sequences to enter and exit standout mode. */
+static char *_rl_term_so;
+static char *_rl_term_se;
+
 /* The key sequences output by the arrow keys, if this terminal has any. */
 static char *_rl_term_ku;
 static char *_rl_term_kd;
@@ -423,6 +427,8 @@ static const struct _tc_string tc_strings[] =
   { "mo", &_rl_term_mo },
   { "nd", &_rl_term_forward_char },
   { "pc", &_rl_term_pc },
+  { "se", &_rl_term_se },
+  { "so", &_rl_term_so },
   { "up", &_rl_term_up },
   { "vb", &_rl_visible_bell },
   { "vs", &_rl_term_vs },
@@ -470,6 +476,7 @@ _rl_init_terminal_io (const char *terminal_name)
   _rl_term_goto = _rl_term_pc = _rl_term_ip = (char *)NULL;
   _rl_term_ks = _rl_term_ke =_rl_term_vs = _rl_term_ve = (char *)NULL;
   _rl_term_kh = _rl_term_kH = _rl_term_at7 = _rl_term_kI = (char *)NULL;
+  _rl_term_so = _rl_term_se = (char *)NULL;
 #if defined(HACK_TERMCAP_MOTION)
   _rl_term_forward_char = (char *)NULL;
 #endif
@@ -534,6 +541,7 @@ _rl_init_terminal_io (const char *terminal_name)
       _rl_term_mm = _rl_term_mo = (char *)NULL;
       _rl_term_ve = _rl_term_vs = (char *)NULL;
       _rl_term_forward_char = (char *)NULL;
+      _rl_term_so = _rl_term_se = (char *)NULL;
       _rl_terminal_can_insert = term_has_meta = 0;
 
       /* Reasonable defaults for tgoto().  Readline currently only uses
@@ -554,7 +562,7 @@ _rl_init_terminal_io (const char *terminal_name)
   BC = _rl_term_backspace;
   UP = _rl_term_up;
 
-  if (!_rl_term_cr)
+  if (_rl_term_cr == 0)
     _rl_term_cr = "\r";
 
   _rl_term_autowrap = TGETFLAG ("am") && TGETFLAG ("xn");
@@ -689,6 +697,16 @@ rl_crlf (void)
   return 0;
 }
 
+void
+_rl_cr (void)
+{
+#if defined (__MSDOS__)
+  putc ('\r', rl_outstream);
+#else
+  tputs (_rl_term_cr, 1, _rl_output_character_function);
+#endif
+}
+
 /* Ring the terminal bell. */
 int
 rl_ding (void)

lib/readline/text.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* text.c -- text handling commands for readline. */
 
-/* Copyright (C) 1987-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This file is part of the GNU Readline Library (Readline), a library
    for reading lines of text with interactive input and history editing.      
@@ -607,7 +607,18 @@ rl_clear_screen (int count, int key)
       return 0;
     }
 
-  _rl_clear_screen ();		/* calls termcap function to clear screen */
+  _rl_clear_screen (0);		/* calls termcap function to clear screen */
+  rl_keep_mark_active ();
+  rl_forced_update_display ();
+  rl_display_fixed = 1;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int
+rl_clear_display (int count, int key)
+{
+  _rl_clear_screen (1);		/* calls termcap function to clear screen and scrollback buffer */
   rl_forced_update_display ();
   rl_display_fixed = 1;
 
@@ -1091,6 +1102,15 @@ rl_tab_insert (int count, int key)
 int
 rl_newline (int count, int key)
 {
+  if (rl_mark_active_p ())
+    {
+      rl_deactivate_mark ();
+#if 0	/* Not yet */
+      (*rl_redisplay_function) ();
+      _rl_want_redisplay = 0;
+#endif
+    }
+
   rl_done = 1;
 
   if (_rl_history_preserve_point)
@@ -1830,7 +1850,43 @@ rl_exchange_point_and_mark (int count, int key)
       return 1;
     }
   else
-    SWAP (rl_point, rl_mark);
+    {
+      SWAP (rl_point, rl_mark);
+      rl_activate_mark ();
+    }
 
   return 0;
 }
+
+/* Active mark support */
+
+/* Is the region active? */
+static int mark_active = 0;
+
+/* Does the current command want the mark to remain active when it completes? */
+int _rl_keep_mark_active;
+
+void
+rl_keep_mark_active (void)
+{
+  _rl_keep_mark_active++;
+}
+
+void
+rl_activate_mark (void)
+{
+  mark_active = 1;
+  rl_keep_mark_active ();
+}
+
+void
+rl_deactivate_mark (void)
+{
+  mark_active = 0;
+}
+
+int
+rl_mark_active_p (void)
+{
+  return (mark_active);
+}

lib/readline/util.c

@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ _rl_abort_internal (void)
   rl_clear_message ();
   _rl_reset_argument ();
   rl_clear_pending_input ();
+  rl_deactivate_mark ();
 
   while (rl_executing_macro)
     _rl_pop_executing_macro ();

subst.c

@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ static char *parameter_brace_remove_pattern PARAMS((char *, char *, int, char *,
 
 static char *string_var_assignment PARAMS((SHELL_VAR *, char *));
 #if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
-static char *array_var_assignment PARAMS((SHELL_VAR *, int, int));
+static char *array_var_assignment PARAMS((SHELL_VAR *, int, int, int));
 #endif
 static char *pos_params_assignment PARAMS((WORD_LIST *, int, int));
 static char *string_transform PARAMS((int, SHELL_VAR *, char *));
@@ -5389,13 +5389,13 @@ clear_fifo_list ()
   nfifo = 0;
 }
 
-char *
+void *
 copy_fifo_list (sizep)
      int *sizep;
 {
   if (sizep)
     *sizep = 0;
-  return (char *)NULL;
+  return (void *)NULL;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -5461,8 +5461,13 @@ unlink_fifo_list ()
       for (i = j = 0; i < nfifo; i++)
 	if (fifo_list[i].file)
 	  {
-	    fifo_list[j].file = fifo_list[i].file;
-	    fifo_list[j].proc = fifo_list[i].proc;
+	    if (i != j)
+	      {
+		fifo_list[j].file = fifo_list[i].file;
+		fifo_list[j].proc = fifo_list[i].proc;
+		fifo_list[i].file = (char *)NULL;
+		fifo_list[i].proc = 0;
+	      }
 	    j++;
 	  }
       nfifo = j;
@@ -5478,10 +5483,11 @@ unlink_fifo_list ()
    case it's larger than fifo_list_size (size of fifo_list). */
 void
 close_new_fifos (list, lsize)
-     char *list;
+     void *list;
      int lsize;
 {
   int i;
+  char *plist;
 
   if (list == 0)
     {
@@ -5489,8 +5495,8 @@ close_new_fifos (list, lsize)
       return;
     }
 
-  for (i = 0; i < lsize; i++)
-    if (list[i] == 0 && i < fifo_list_size && fifo_list[i].proc != -1)
+  for (plist = (char *)list, i = 0; i < lsize; i++)
+    if (plist[i] == 0 && i < fifo_list_size && fifo_list[i].proc != -1)
       unlink_fifo (i);
 
   for (i = lsize; i < fifo_list_size; i++)
@@ -5623,22 +5629,22 @@ clear_fifo_list ()
   nfds = 0;
 }
 
-char *
+void *
 copy_fifo_list (sizep)
      int *sizep;
 {
-  char *ret;
+  void *ret;
 
   if (nfds == 0 || totfds == 0)
     {
       if (sizep)
 	*sizep = 0;
-      return (char *)NULL;
+      return (void *)NULL;
     }
 
   if (sizep)
     *sizep = totfds;
-  ret = (char *)xmalloc (totfds * sizeof (pid_t));
+  ret = xmalloc (totfds * sizeof (pid_t));
   return (memcpy (ret, dev_fd_list, totfds * sizeof (pid_t)));
 }
 
@@ -5711,10 +5717,11 @@ unlink_fifo_list ()
    totfds (size of dev_fd_list). */
 void
 close_new_fifos (list, lsize)
-     char *list;
+     void *list;
      int lsize;
 {
   int i;
+  pid_t *plist;
 
   if (list == 0)
     {
@@ -5722,8 +5729,8 @@ close_new_fifos (list, lsize)
       return;
     }
 
-  for (i = 0; i < lsize; i++)
-    if (list[i] == 0 && i < totfds && dev_fd_list[i])
+  for (plist = (pid_t *)list, i = 0; i < lsize; i++)
+    if (plist[i] == 0 && i < totfds && dev_fd_list[i])
       unlink_fifo (i);
 
   for (i = lsize; i < totfds; i++)
@@ -7634,17 +7641,21 @@ string_var_assignment (v, s)
 
 #if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
 static char *
-array_var_assignment (v, itype, quoted)
+array_var_assignment (v, itype, quoted, atype)
      SHELL_VAR *v;
-     int itype, quoted;
+     int itype, quoted, atype;
 {
   char *ret, *val, flags[MAX_ATTRIBUTES];
   int i;
 
   if (v == 0)
     return (char *)NULL;
-  val = array_p (v) ? array_to_assign (array_cell (v), 0)
-		    : assoc_to_assign (assoc_cell (v), 0);
+  if (atype == 2)
+    val = array_p (v) ? array_to_kvpair (array_cell (v), 0)
+		      : assoc_to_kvpair (assoc_cell (v), 0);
+  else
+    val = array_p (v) ? array_to_assign (array_cell (v), 0)
+		      : assoc_to_assign (assoc_cell (v), 0);
 
   if (val == 0 && (invisible_p (v) || var_isset (v) == 0))
     ;	/* placeholder */
@@ -7661,6 +7672,10 @@ array_var_assignment (v, itype, quoted)
       free (val);
       val = ret;
     }
+
+  if (atype == 2)
+    return val;
+
   i = var_attribute_string (v, 0, flags);
   ret = (char *)xmalloc (i + STRLEN (val) + strlen (v->name) + 16);
   if (val)
@@ -7713,6 +7728,9 @@ string_transform (xc, v, s)
       case 'A':
 	ret = string_var_assignment (v, s);
 	break;
+      case 'K':
+	ret = sh_quote_reusable (s, 0);
+	break;
       /* Transformations that modify the variable's value */
       case 'E':
 	t = ansiexpand (s, 0, strlen (s), (int *)0);
@@ -7725,6 +7743,15 @@ string_transform (xc, v, s)
       case 'Q':
 	ret = sh_quote_reusable (s, 0);
 	break;
+      case 'U':
+	ret = sh_modcase (s, 0, CASE_UPPER);
+	break;
+      case 'u':
+	ret = sh_modcase (s, 0, CASE_UPFIRST);	/* capitalize */
+ 	break;
+      case 'L':
+ 	ret = sh_modcase (s, 0, CASE_LOWER);
+ 	break;
       default:
 	ret = (char *)NULL;
 	break;
@@ -7805,7 +7832,9 @@ array_transform (xc, var, starsub, quoted)
   itype = starsub ? '*' : '@';
 
   if (xc == 'A')
-    return (array_var_assignment (v, itype, quoted));
+    return (array_var_assignment (v, itype, quoted, 1));
+  else if (xc == 'K')
+    return (array_var_assignment (v, itype, quoted, 2));
 
   /* special case for unset arrays and attributes */
   if (xc == 'a' && (invisible_p (v) || var_isset (v) == 0))
@@ -7860,9 +7889,13 @@ parameter_brace_transform (varname, value, ind, xform, rtype, quoted, pflags, fl
     {
     case 'a':		/* expand to a string with just attributes */
     case 'A':		/* expand as an assignment statement with attributes */
+    case 'K':		/* expand assoc array to list of key/value pairs */
     case 'E':		/* expand like $'...' */
     case 'P':		/* expand like prompt string */
     case 'Q':		/* quote reusably */
+    case 'U':		/* transform to uppercase */
+    case 'u':		/* tranform by capitalizing */
+    case 'L':		/* transform to lowercase */
       break;
     default:
       this_command_name = oname;
@@ -8108,7 +8141,7 @@ pat_subst (string, pat, rep, mflags)
 
   mtype = mflags & MATCH_TYPEMASK;
 
-#if 0	/* bash-4.2 ? */
+#if 0	/* TAG: bash-5.2? */
   rxpand = (rep && *rep) ? shouldexp_replacement (rep) : 0;
 #else
   rxpand = 0;

subst.h

@@ -272,9 +272,8 @@ extern int num_fifos PARAMS((void));
 extern void unlink_fifo_list PARAMS((void));
 extern void unlink_fifo PARAMS((int));
 
-extern char *copy_fifo_list PARAMS((int *));
-extern void unlink_new_fifos PARAMS((char *, int));
-extern void close_new_fifos PARAMS((char *, int));
+extern void *copy_fifo_list PARAMS((int *));
+extern void close_new_fifos PARAMS((void *, int));
 
 extern void clear_fifo_list PARAMS((void));
 

tests/array.right

@@ -442,17 +442,13 @@ declare -a foo=([0]="[0]=bar")
 declare -a foo=([0]="[0]=bar")
 declare -- a="(1 2 3)"
 declare -a a=([0]="1" [1]="2" [2]="3")
-./array19.sub: line 59: a: 1: must use subscript when assigning associative array
-./array19.sub: line 59: a: 2: must use subscript when assigning associative array
-./array19.sub: line 59: a: 3: must use subscript when assigning associative array
-declare -A a=()
 declare -- a="([0]=a [1]=b)"
 declare -a a=([0]="a" [1]="b")
 declare -A a=([1]="b" [0]="a" )
 declare -a var=([0]="[\$(echo" [1]="total" [2]="0)]=1" [3]="[2]=2]")
 declare -a var=([0]="[\$(echo total 0)]=1 [2]=2]")
 declare -a var=([0]="[\$(echo" [1]="total" [2]="0)]=1" [3]="[2]=2]")
-./array19.sub: line 94: total 0: syntax error in expression (error token is "0")
+./array19.sub: line 89: total 0: syntax error in expression (error token is "0")
 declare -a var=()
 declare -al foo=([0]="abcde" [1]="two" [2]="three")
 declare -al foo=([0]="abcde")
@@ -460,7 +456,7 @@ declare -al ar=([0]="one" [1]="two" [2]="three")
 declare -a a=([2]="foo")
 declare -a a=([2]="foo")
 declare -a a=([1]="(var)" [2]="foo")
-./array19.sub: line 133: warning: a[1]=(var): quoted compound array assignment deprecated
+./array19.sub: line 128: warning: a[1]=(var): quoted compound array assignment deprecated
 declare -a a=([1]="(var)")
 declare -a a=([0]="1" [1]="2" [2]="(1 2 3)")
 declare -a a=([0]="1" [1]="2" [2]="(1 2 3)")
@@ -477,15 +473,11 @@ declare -a b=([0]="/scratch/bash")
 declare -a c=([0]="1" [1]="2")
 declare -a d=([0]="a" [1]="b")
 declare -a e=([0]="Darwin")
-./array19.sub: line 179: c: 1: must use subscript when assigning associative array
-./array19.sub: line 179: c: 2: must use subscript when assigning associative array
-./array19.sub: line 179: d: $a: must use subscript when assigning associative array
-./array19.sub: line 179: e: $(echo Darwin): must use subscript when assigning associative array
 declare -A a=([0]="a b" )
 declare -A b=([0]="/scratch/bash" )
-declare -A c=()
-declare -A d=()
-declare -A e=()
+declare -A c=([1]="2" )
+declare -A d=(["a b"]="" )
+declare -A e=([Darwin]="" )
 a+b+c
 x+b+c
 a+b+c

tests/array19.sub

@@ -55,11 +55,6 @@ declare a='(1 2 3)'
 declare -p a
 unset a
 
-declare -A a
-declare a='(1 2 3)'
-declare -p a
-unset a
-
 declare a='([0]=a [1]=b)'
 declare -p a
 unset a

tests/assoc.right

@@ -231,3 +231,21 @@ f: declare -a a
 main: declare -- a="7"
 f: declare -A a
 main: declare -- a="42"
+declare -A a=([3]="" [1]="2" )
+declare -A foo=([d]="4" [c]="3" [b]="2" [a]="1" )
+foo=( d "4" c "3" b "2" a "1" )
+declare -A foo=(["spa ces"]="2" ["\\"]="5" ["@"]="3" ["holy hell this works"]="4" ["a b"]="1" )
+foo=( echo "spa ces" "2" "\\" "5" "@" "3" "holy hell this works" "4" "a b" "1" )
+./assoc11.sub: line 34: "": bad array subscript
+declare -A foo=(["foo[bar"]="bleh" [";"]="semicolon" ["]"]="def" [a=b]="assignment" ["a]a"]="abc" )
+foo=( "foo[bar" "bleh" ";" "semicolon" "]" "def" a=b "assignment" "a]a" "abc" )
+declare -A foo=(["'"]="squote" ["\""]="dquote" ["\\"]="bslash" ["\`"]="backquote" )
+foo=( "'" "squote" "\"" "dquote" "\\" "bslash" "\`" "backquote" )
+declare -A foo=(["bar]bie"]="doll" ["a]=test1;#a"]="123" ["bar\"bie"]="doll" )
+foo=( "bar]bie" "doll" "a]=test1;#a" "123" "bar\"bie" "doll" )
+declare -A inside=([c]="3" [b]="2" [a]="1" )
+inside=( c "3" b "2" a "1" )
+declare -A dict=(["?"]="quest" ["*"]="star" ["'"]="squote" ["\$"]="dol" ["\""]="dquote" ["\\"]="bslash" ["@"]="at" ["}"]="rbrace" ["{"]="lbrace" ["\`"]="bquote" )
+dict=( "?" "quest" "*" "star" "'" "squote" "\$" "dol" "\"" "dquote" "\\" "bslash" "@" "at" "}" "rbrace" "{" "lbrace" "\`" "bquote" )
+declare -A foo=([two]="" [one]="1" )
+foo=( two "" one "1" )

tests/assoc.tests

@@ -241,3 +241,6 @@ ${THIS_SH} ./assoc8.sub
 ${THIS_SH} ./assoc9.sub
 
 ${THIS_SH} ./assoc10.sub
+
+# test assigning associative arrays using compound key/value pair assignments
+${THIS_SH} ./assoc11.sub

tests/assoc11.sub

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+#   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+#   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+#   (at your option) any later version.
+#
+#   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+#   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+#   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+#   GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+#   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+#   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# these tests were previously in array19.sub, but they are acceptable syntax now
+
+declare -A a
+declare a='(1 2 3)'
+declare -p a
+unset a
+
+declare -A foo
+
+v1='spa ces'
+v2=@
+
+foo=(a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 )
+declare -p foo
+echo foo=\( ${foo[@]@K} \)
+
+foo=('a b' 1 "$v1" 2 "$v2" 3 'holy hell this works' 4 \\ 5)
+declare -p foo
+echo foo=\( echo ${foo[@]@K} \)
+
+foo=( "" null )
+
+foo=('a]a' abc ']' def $(echo 'foo[bar') bleh \; semicolon a=b assignment)
+declare -p foo
+echo foo=\( ${foo[@]@K} \)
+
+foo=('`' backquote '"' dquote "'" squote \\ bslash)
+declare -p foo
+echo foo=\( ${foo[@]@K} \)
+
+bar='a]=test1;#a'
+foo=( $bar 123 bar\"bie doll bar]bie doll )
+declare -p foo
+echo foo=\( ${foo[@]@K} \)
+
+func()
+{
+	declare -A inside=(a 1 b 2 c 3)
+	declare -p inside
+	echo inside=\( ${inside[@]@K} \)
+}
+func
+
+loaddict()
+{
+	dict=( '"' dquote '`' bquote "'" squote '\' bslash)
+	dict+=( '$' dol @ at * star \{ lbrace \} rbrace ? quest)
+
+	declare -p dict
+	echo dict=\( ${dict[@]@K} \)
+}
+declare -A dict
+loaddict
+
+foo=(one 1 two)
+declare -p foo
+echo foo=\( ${foo[@]@K} \)

tests/new-exp.right

@@ -701,7 +701,13 @@ aaa bbb
 'aaa' 'bbb'
 a bbb
 aaa bb
+'string'
+'value with spaces'
+'a b' 'c d' 'e f'
+'a b' 'c d' 'e f'
+0 "zero" 1 "one" 2 "two" 3 "three"
+0 "zero z" 1 "one o" 2 "two t" 3 "three t"
 argv[1] = </>
 argv[1] = </>
 
-./new-exp.tests: line 643: ABXD: parameter unset
+./new-exp.tests: ABXD: parameter unset

tests/new-exp.tests

@@ -623,6 +623,9 @@ ${THIS_SH} ./new-exp12.sub
 # more indirect expansion and parameter transformation issues
 ${THIS_SH} ./new-exp13.sub
 
+# new K parameter transformation operator
+${THIS_SH} ./new-exp14.sub
+
 # problems with stray CTLNUL in bash-4.0-alpha
 unset a
 a=/a
@@ -638,6 +641,5 @@ patfunc foo
 # caused core dumps because of bad bracket expression parsing in bash-5.0
 eval : $'${x/#[0\xef\xbf\xbd\\Z[:]]}'
 
-# this must be last!
 expect $0: 'ABXD: parameter unset'
-recho ${ABXD:?"parameter unset"}
+${THIS_SH} -c 'recho ${ABXD:?"parameter unset"}' $0

tests/new-exp14.sub

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# test the other uses of the 'K' tranform operator
+# the associative array tests are performed separately, since that was the
+# original motivation for this feature
+foo=string
+bar='value with spaces'
+
+set -- 'a b' 'c d' 'e f'
+
+echo ${foo@K}
+echo ${bar@K}
+
+echo ${@@K}
+echo "${@@K}"
+
+foo=( zero one two three )
+echo ${foo[@]@K}
+
+foo=( 'zero z' 'one o' 'two t' 'three t' )
+echo ${foo[@]@K}

tests/procsub.right

@@ -26,3 +26,8 @@ extern
 0
 0
 123
+bar1
+ouch
+bar2
+foo
+subshell

tests/procsub.tests

@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ echo extern
 FN=$TMPDIR/bashtest-$$
 cat >$FN << \EOF
 wc -l < $1
+case $1 in *sh-np*) [ -e $1 ] || { echo 0; echo 0; echo 0; echo 0; return; } ;; esac
 wc -l < $1
 wc -l < $1
 true | wc -l < $1
@@ -117,3 +118,4 @@ moo() { ls -al "$1" >/dev/null; (true); ls -al "$1" >/dev/null; }; moo >(true)
 unset -f moo
 
 ${THIS_SH} ./procsub1.sub
+${THIS_SH} ./procsub2.sub

tests/procsub2.sub

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+#   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+#   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+#   (at your option) any later version.
+#
+#   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+#   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+#   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+#   GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+#   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+#   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+
+# test whether or not we remove FIFOs and close pipe file descriptors too
+# aggressively
+
+ouch()
+{
+    while read foo; do echo "$foo"; done < <(echo bar1)
+    cat "$1"
+}
+
+ouch <(echo ouch )
+
+ouch2()
+{
+    { cat; } < <(echo bar2)
+    cat "$1"
+}
+
+exec 4< <(echo subshell)
+ouch2 <(echo foo )
+
+read var <&4
+echo $var