flowsas project as of 2025-04-14

- implement positioner as an io class
- proper shut down behaviour

Change-Id: If04176f779809fd5b08f586556cac668cf188479

bin/frappy-cfg-editor

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # pylint: disable=invalid-name
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

bin/frappy-cli

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2016 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

bin/frappy-gui

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 # pylint: disable=invalid-name
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2016 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

bin/frappy-play

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2016 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

bin/make_doc.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

bin/sim-server

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 # pylint: disable=invalid-name
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 # the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software

calibtest.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import sys
+import os
+from glob import glob
+from frappy_psi.calcurve import CalCurve
+
+os.chdir('/Users/zolliker/gitpsi/calcurves')
+
+if len(sys.argv) > 1:
+    calib = sys.argv[1]
+    c = CalCurve(calib)
+else:
+    for file in sorted(glob('*.*')):
+        if file.endswith('.md') or file.endswith('.std'):
+            continue
+        try:
+            c = CalCurve(file)
+            xy = c.export()
+            print('%9.4g %12.7g %9.4g %9.4g %s' % (tuple(c.extx) + tuple(c.exty) + (file,)))
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(file, e)
+            calib = file
+

cfg/addons/flamesample_cfg.py

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ Mod('ts_low',
     minrange=13,
     range=22,
     tolerance = 0.1,
+    vexc = 3,
     htrrng=4,
 )
 
@@ -32,7 +33,8 @@ Mod('ts_high',
     'sample Cernox',
     channel = 1,
     switcher = 'lsc_channel',
-    minrange=9,
+    minrange=11,
+    vexc = 5,
     range=22,
     tolerance = 0.1,
     htrrng=5,
@@ -45,6 +47,8 @@ Mod('ts',
     value=Param(unit='K'),
     low='ts_low',
     high='ts_high',
+    #min_high=0.6035,
+    #max_low=1.6965,
     min_high=0.6,
     max_low=1.7,
     tolerance=0.1,

cfg/amagnet_cfg.py

@@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ Mod('currentsource',
 Mod('mf',
     'frappy_mlz.amagnet.GarfieldMagnet',
     'magnetic field module, handling polarity switching and stuff',
-    subdev_currentsource = 'currentsource',
-    subdev_enable = 'enable',
-    subdev_polswitch = 'polarity',
-    subdev_symmetry = 'symmetry',
+    currentsource = 'currentsource',
+    enable = 'enable',
+    polswitch = 'polarity',
+    symmetry = 'symmetry',
     target = Param(unit='T'),
     value = Param(unit='T'),
     userlimits = (-0.35, 0.35),

cfg/attocube_cfg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Node('attocube_test.psi.ch',
+    'a single attocube axis',
+    interface='tcp://5000',
+)
+
+Mod('r',
+    'frappy_psi.attocube.Axis',
+    'ANRv220-F3-02882',
+    axis = 1,
+    value = Param(unit='deg'),
+    tolerance = 0.1,
+    target_min = 0,
+    target_max = 360,
+    steps_fwd = 45,
+    steps_bwd = 85,
+    step_mode = True,
+    # gear = 1.2,
+)
+

cfg/demo_cfg.py

@@ -41,6 +41,6 @@ Mod('label',
     'frappy_demo.modules.Label',
     'some label indicating the state of the magnet `mf`.',
     system = 'Cryomagnet MX15',
-    subdev_mf = 'mf',
-    subdev_ts = 'ts',
+    mf = 'mf',
+    ts = 'ts',
 )

cfg/drums_cfg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+Node('relais.psi.ch',
+     'relais test',
+     'tcp://5000',
+)
+
+Mod('rl',
+    'frappy_psi.ionopimax.DigitalOutput',
+    'left relais',
+    addr = 'o1',
+    value = 0,  # start with relais off
+   )
+
+Mod('rr',
+    'frappy_psi.ionopimax.DigitalOutput',
+    'right relais',
+    addr = 'o2',
+    value = 0,  # start with relais off
+   )
+
+Mod('drummer',
+    'frappy_psi.drums.Drums',
+    'drummer',
+    target = 150,
+    pattern='l2L2rl1R1L2',
+    left='rl',
+    right='rr',
+)

cfg/flowsas_cfg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+Node('flowsas.psi.ch',
+     'flowsas test motors',
+     'tcp://3000',
+)
+
+#Mod('mot_io',
+#    'frappy_psi.phytron.PhytronIO',
+#    'io for motor control',
+#    uri = 'serial:///dev/ttyUSB0',
+#   )
+
+#Mod('hmot',
+#    'frappy_psi.phytron.Motor',
+#    'horizontal axis',
+#    axis = 'X',
+#    io = 'mot_io',
+#    encoder_mode = 'NO',
+#   )
+
+#Mod('vmot',
+#    'frappy_psi.phytron.Motor',
+#    'vertical axis',
+#    axis = 'Y',
+#    io = 'mot_io',
+#    encoder_mode= 'NO',
+#   )
+
+Mod('syr_io',
+   'frappy_psi.cetoni_pump.LabCannBus',
+   'Module for bus',
+    deviceconfig = "/home/l_samenv/frappy/cetoniSDK/CETONI_SDK_Raspi_64bit_v20220627/config/conti_flow",
+  )
+
+Mod('syr1',
+   'frappy_psi.cetoni_pump.SyringePump',
+   'First syringe pump',
+    io='syr_io',
+    pump_name = "Nemesys_S_1_Pump",
+    valve_name = "Nemesys_S_1_Valve",
+    inner_diameter_set = 14.5673,
+    piston_stroke_set = 60,
+  )
+
+Mod('syr2',
+   'frappy_psi.cetoni_pump.SyringePump',
+   'Second syringe pump',
+    io='syr_io',
+    pump_name = "Nemesys_S_2_Pump",
+    valve_name = "Nemesys_S_2_Valve",
+    inner_diameter_set = 14.5673,
+    piston_stroke_set = 60,
+  )
+
+Mod('contiflow',
+   'frappy_psi.cetoni_pump.ContiFlowPump',
+   'Continuous flow pump',
+    io='syr_io',
+    inner_diameter_set = 14.5673,
+    piston_stroke_set = 60,
+  )

cfg/lockin70_cfg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+Node('lockin70test.psi.ch',
+     'lockin70 test',
+     'tcp://5000',
+     )
+
+Mod('io',
+    'frappy_psi.SR.SR_IO',
+    'lockin communication',
+    uri='10105266.psi.ch:50000',
+    )
+
+Mod('XY',
+    'frappy_psi.SR.XY70',
+    'XY channels',
+    io='io',
+    )

cfg/peristaltic_pump_cfg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Node('flowsas.psi.ch',
+     'peristaltic pump',
+     'tcp://3000',
+)
+
+Mod('peripump',
+    'frappy_psi.gilsonpump.PeristalticPump',
+    'Peristaltic pump',
+    addr_AO = 'ao1',
+    addr_dir_relay = 'o1',
+    addr_run_relay = 'o2',
+)

cfg/phoenix_cfg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+Node('phoenixtest.psi.ch',
+     'phoenix test',
+     'tcp://5000',
+     )
+
+Mod('io',
+    'frappy_psi.haake.HaakeIO',
+    'connection for Thermo Haake',
+    uri='tcp://ldmprep7-ts:3005',
+    )
+
+Mod('T',
+    'frappy_psi.haake.TemperatureLoop',
+    'holder temperature',
+    io='io',
+    )

cfg/pressureTest_cfg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Node('vf.psi.ch',
+     'small vacuum furnace',
+     'tcp://5000',
+)
+
+Mod('p',
+    'frappy_psi.ionopimax.VoltageInput',
+    'Vacuum pressure',
+    addr = 'av2',
+    rawrange = (0, 10),
+    valuerange = (0, 10),
+    value = Param(unit='V'),
+   )

cfg/rheotrigger_cfg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Node('flowsas.psi.ch',
+     'rheometer triggering',
+     'tcp://3000',
+)
+
+Mod('rheo',
+   'frappy_psi.rheo_trigger.RheoTrigger',
+   'Trigger for the rheometer',
+    addr='dt1',
+    doBeep = False,
+  )

cfg/stick/dil5_cfg.py

@@ -138,13 +138,6 @@ Mod('T_one_K',
     io='itc',
 )
 
-Mod('htr_one_K',
-    'frappy_psi.mercury.HeaterOutput',
-    '1 K plate warmup heater',
-    slot='DB3.H1',
-    io='itc',
-)
-
 Mod('T_mix_wup',
     'frappy_psi.mercury.TemperatureLoop',
     'mix. chamber warmup temperature',

cfg/vf_cfg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+Node('vf.psi.ch',
+     'small vacuum furnace',
+     'tcp://5000',
+)
+
+Mod('htr_io',
+    'frappy_psi.bkpower.IO',
+    'powersupply communicator',
+    uri = 'serial:///dev/ttyUSBupper',
+   )
+
+Mod('htr',
+    'frappy_psi.bkpower.Power',
+    'heater power',
+    io= 'htr_io',
+   )
+
+Mod('out',
+    'frappy_psi.bkpower.Output',
+    'heater output',
+    io = 'htr_io',
+    maxvolt = 50,
+    maxcurrent = 2,
+   )
+
+
+Mod('relais',
+    'frappy_psi.ionopimax.DigitalOutput',
+    'relais for power output',
+    addr = 'o2',
+   )
+
+Mod('T_main',
+    'frappy_psi.ionopimax.CurrentInput',
+    'sample temperature',
+    addr = 'ai4',
+    valuerange = (0, 1372),
+    value = Param(unit='degC'),
+
+   )
+
+
+Mod('T_extra',
+    'frappy_psi.ionopimax.CurrentInput',
+    'extra temperature',
+    addr = 'ai3',
+    valuerange = (0, 1372),
+    value = Param(unit='degC'),
+
+   )
+
+Mod('T_htr',
+    'frappy_psi.ionopimax.CurrentInput',
+    'heater temperature',
+    addr = 'ai2',
+    valuerange = (0, 1372),
+    value = Param(unit='degC'),
+   )
+
+Mod('T_wall',
+    'frappy_psi.ionopimax.VoltageInput',
+    'furnace wall temperature',
+    addr = 'av2',
+    rawrange = (0, 1.5),
+    valuerange = (0, 150),
+    value = Param(unit='degC'),
+   )
+
+Mod('T',
+    'frappy_psi.picontrol.PI',
+    'controlled Temperature',
+    input = 'T_htr',
+    output = 'out',
+    relais = 'relais',
+    p = 2,
+    i = 0.01,
+   )
+
+Mod('interlocks',
+    'frappy_psi.furnace.Interlocks',
+    'interlock parameters',
+    input = 'T_htr',
+    wall_T = 'T_wall',
+    vacuum = 'p',
+    relais = 'relais',
+    control = 'T',
+    wall_limit = 50,
+    vacuum_limit = 0.1,
+   )
+
+Mod('p_io',
+    'frappy_psi.pfeiffer.IO',
+    'pressure io',
+    uri='serial:///dev/ttyUSBlower',
+   )
+    
+Mod('p',
+    'frappy_psi.pfeiffer.Pressure',
+    'pressure reading',
+    io = 'p_io',
+   )
+    
+

ci/Jenkinsfile

@@ -141,12 +141,23 @@ def run_docs() {
         '''
     }
 
+    /* does not work with too many quote levels
+     * alternatively use pdf (based on rst2pdf)
+     * or singlehtml converted to pdf manually from a browser (may produce nicer output)
     stage('build latexpdf') {
         sh '''
         . /home/jenkins/secopvenv/bin/activate
         make -C doc latexpdf
         '''
     }
+    */
+
+    stage('build pdf') {
+        sh '''
+        . /home/jenkins/secopvenv/bin/activate
+        make -C doc pdf
+        '''
+    }
 
     stage('build man') {
         sh '''

debian/changelog

@@ -1,3 +1,121 @@
+frappy-core (0.18.1) focal; urgency=medium
+
+  * mlz: Zapf fix unit handling and small errors
+  * mlz: entangle fix limit check
+
+ -- Alexander Zaft <jenkins@frm2.tum.de>  Wed, 24 Jan 2024 14:59:21 +0100
+
+frappy-core (0.18.0) focal; urgency=medium
+
+  [ Alexander Zaft ]
+  * Add shutdownModule function
+
+  [ Markus Zolliker ]
+  * frappy_psi.convergence: bug fixes and improvements
+
+  [ Alexander Zaft ]
+  * server: Add signal handling
+  * add test cases for server and config
+
+  [ Markus Zolliker ]
+  * fix frappy.lib.merge_status
+  * frappy_psi.sea: try to reconnect on failure
+  * pylint: disable use-dict-literal
+
+  [ Alexander Zaft ]
+  * server: add option to dynamically create devices
+
+  [ Markus Zolliker ]
+  * add StructParam
+  * add frappy_psi.thermofisher
+  * add frappy_psi.thermofisher to the doc
+  * frappy.io: make error reporting consistent
+  * frappy_psi.sea: avoid multiple connections
+  * frappy_psi.sea: further bug fixes
+  * frappy.client.interactive: bug fixes
+
+  [ Alexander Zaft ]
+  * mlz: Add Zebra Barcode Reader
+  * frappy_mlz: Zebra fixes after basic test
+  * dispatcher: change logging calls to debug
+  * core: do not call register_module on error
+  * add zapf to requirements-dev.txt
+  * frappy_mlz: Add Zapf PLC
+  * Revert "add zapf to requirements-dev.txt"
+  * add zapf to requirements-dev
+  * frappy_mlz: fix one-off error in barcode reader
+
+  [ Markus Zolliker ]
+  * improve error message on client when host/port is bad
+  * frappy/protocol/interface/tcp.py: use SECoP_DEFAULT_PORT
+  * frappy_psi.phytron: stop motor before restart
+  * interactive client: improve keyboard interrupt
+  * fix frappy/playground.py after change 31470
+
+  [ Alexander Zaft ]
+  * frappy_mlz seop: add count to ampl and phase cmds
+
+  [ Markus Zolliker ]
+  * frappy_psi.phytron: further improvements
+  * further fixes after change 31470
+  * fix missing .poll attribute in simulation
+  * psi: improve sea interface
+  * fix frappy_demo.lakeshore
+  * change FloatRange arguments minval/maxval to min/max
+  * improve client shutdown time
+  * introduce FrozenParam
+  * phytron.py: improve status
+  * frappy_psi.sea: small fixes
+  * bug in Attached (fix after change 31470)
+
+  [ Alexander Zaft ]
+  * core: split module code
+  * core: factor out accessibles from init
+
+  [ Markus Zolliker ]
+  * proxy: fix command wrapper
+
+  [ Alexander Zaft ]
+  * server: handle signals during startup
+  * all: remove coding cookies
+  * psi: fix Done import in sea
+
+  [ Markus Zolliker ]
+  * frappy.io: change default to retry_first_idn=True
+
+  [ Alexander Zaft ]
+  * core: move module handling out of dispatcher
+  * mlz/demo: move old examples to Attached
+
+  [ Markus Zolliker ]
+  * frappy.client: fix the case then timestamp is missing
+  * doc: drop latex support, add pdf support
+  * add StringIO.writeline, improve StringIO.multicomm
+  * implement pfeiffer TPG vacuum reading
+
+  [ Alexander Zaft ]
+  * core: allow multiple interfaces
+  * core: formatting and update server docstring
+  * mlz: handle unconfigured abslimits
+  * datatypes: fix optional struct export
+  * core: better command handling
+
+  [ Markus Zolliker ]
+  * frappy_psi.sea: workaround for bug in sea
+
+  [ Alexander Zaft ]
+  * core: better error on export of internal type
+
+  [ Markus Zolliker ]
+  * fix missing import in change message
+  * modify arguments of Dispatcher.announce_update
+  * frappy.secnode: fix strange error message
+  * fix playground after change 32249
+  * remove py35 compatibility code
+  * bug fix in frappy.io.BytesIO.checkHWIdent
+
+ -- Alexander Zaft <jenkins@frm2.tum.de>  Wed, 17 Jan 2024 12:35:00 +0100
+
 frappy-core (0.17.13) focal; urgency=medium
 
   [ Alexander Zaft ]

doc/source/conf.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 #
 # Frappy documentation build configuration file, created by
 # sphinx-quickstart on Mon Sep 11 10:58:28 2017.
@@ -43,7 +42,9 @@ extensions = ['sphinx.ext.autodoc',
               'sphinx.ext.intersphinx',
               'sphinx.ext.todo',
               'sphinx.ext.mathjax',
-              'sphinx.ext.viewcode']
+              'sphinx.ext.viewcode',
+              'rst2pdf.pdfbuilder',
+]
 
 # Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
 templates_path = ['_templates']
@@ -220,3 +221,80 @@ from frappy.lib.classdoc import class_doc_handler
 
 def setup(app):
     app.connect('autodoc-process-docstring', class_doc_handler)
+
+
+# -- Options for PDF output --------------------------------------------------
+# Grouping the document tree into PDF files. List of tuples
+# (source start file, target name, title, author, options).
+#
+# If there is more than one author, separate them with \\.
+# For example: r'Guido van Rossum\\Fred L. Drake, Jr., editor'
+#
+# The options element is a dictionary that lets you override
+# this config per-document. For example:
+#
+# ('index', 'MyProject', 'My Project', 'Author Name', {'pdf_compressed': True})
+#
+# would mean that specific document would be compressed
+# regardless of the global 'pdf_compressed' setting.
+pdf_documents = [
+    ('index', project, project, author),
+]
+# A comma-separated list of custom stylesheets. Example:
+pdf_stylesheets = ['sphinx', 'a4']
+# A list of folders to search for stylesheets. Example:
+pdf_style_path = ['.', '_styles']
+# Create a compressed PDF
+# Use True/False or 1/0
+# Example: compressed=True
+# pdf_compressed = False
+# A colon-separated list of folders to search for fonts. Example:
+# pdf_font_path = ['/usr/share/fonts', '/usr/share/texmf-dist/fonts/']
+# Language to be used for hyphenation support
+# pdf_language = "en_US"
+# Mode for literal blocks wider than the frame. Can be
+# overflow, shrink or truncate
+# pdf_fit_mode = "shrink"
+# Section level that forces a break page.
+# For example: 1 means top-level sections start in a new page
+# 0 means disabled
+# pdf_break_level = 0
+# When a section starts in a new page, force it to be 'even', 'odd',
+# or just use 'any'
+# pdf_breakside = 'any'
+# Insert footnotes where they are defined instead of
+# at the end.
+# pdf_inline_footnotes = True
+# verbosity level. 0 1 or 2
+# pdf_verbosity = 0
+# If false, no index is generated.
+# pdf_use_index = True
+# If false, no modindex is generated.
+# pdf_use_modindex = True
+# If false, no coverpage is generated.
+# pdf_use_coverpage = True
+# Name of the cover page template to use
+# pdf_cover_template = 'sphinxcover.tmpl'
+# Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
+# pdf_appendices = []
+# Enable experimental feature to split table cells. Use it
+# if you get "DelayedTable too big" errors
+# pdf_splittables = False
+# Set the default DPI for images
+# pdf_default_dpi = 72
+# Enable rst2pdf extension modules
+# pdf_extensions = []
+# Page template name for "regular" pages
+# pdf_page_template = 'cutePage'
+# Show Table Of Contents at the beginning?
+# pdf_use_toc = True
+# How many levels deep should the table of contents be?
+pdf_toc_depth = 9999
+# Add section number to section references
+pdf_use_numbered_links = False
+# Background images fitting mode
+pdf_fit_background_mode = 'scale'
+# Repeat table header on tables that cross a page boundary?
+pdf_repeat_table_rows = True
+# Enable smart quotes (1, 2 or 3) or disable by setting to 0
+pdf_smartquotes = 0

doc/source/tutorial_t_control.rst

@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ Appendix 2: Extract from the LakeShore Manual
     Reply                  <range> *term*
     **Operation Complete Query**
     ----------------------------------------------
-    Command                *OPC?
+    Command                \*OPC?
     Reply                  1
     Description            in Frappy, we append this command to request in order
                            to generate a reply

etc/frappy-generator

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2019 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/__init__.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2016 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/client/__init__.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/client/interactive.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/config.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/core.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2016 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #
@@ -29,8 +28,9 @@
 from frappy.datatypes import ArrayOf, BLOBType, BoolType, EnumType, \
     FloatRange, IntRange, ScaledInteger, StringType, StructOf, TupleOf, StatusType
 from frappy.lib.enum import Enum
+from frappy.modulebase import Done, Module, Feature
 from frappy.modules import Attached, Communicator, \
-    Done, Drivable, Feature, Module, Readable, Writable, HasAccessibles
+    Drivable, Readable, Writable
 from frappy.params import Command, Parameter, Limit
 from frappy.properties import Property
 from frappy.proxy import Proxy, SecNode, proxy_class

frappy/datatypes.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -90,7 +89,11 @@ class DataType(HasProperties):
 
     def export_datatype(self):
         """return a python object which after jsonifying identifies this datatype"""
-        raise NotImplementedError
+        raise ProgrammingError(
+            f"{type(self).__name__} is not able to be exported to SECoP. "
+            f"It is intended for internal use only."
+        )
+
 
     def export_value(self, value):
         """if needed, reformat value for transport"""
@@ -102,7 +105,7 @@ class DataType(HasProperties):
         note: for importing from gui/configfile/commandline use :meth:`from_string`
         instead.
         """
-        return value
+        return self(value)
 
     def format_value(self, value, unit=None):
         """format a value of this type into a str string
@@ -256,10 +259,6 @@ class FloatRange(HasUnit, DataType):
         """returns a python object fit for serialisation"""
         return float(value)
 
-    def import_value(self, value):
-        """returns a python object from serialisation"""
-        return float(value)
-
     def from_string(self, text):
         value = float(text)
         return self(value)
@@ -315,7 +314,7 @@ class IntRange(DataType):
             except Exception:
                 raise WrongTypeError(f'can not convert {shortrepr(value)} to an int') from None
         if round(fvalue) != fvalue:
-            raise WrongTypeError('%r should be an int')
+            raise WrongTypeError(f'{value} should be an int')
         return value
 
     def validate(self, value, previous=None):
@@ -338,10 +337,6 @@ class IntRange(DataType):
         """returns a python object fit for serialisation"""
         return int(value)
 
-    def import_value(self, value):
-        """returns a python object from serialisation"""
-        return int(value)
-
     def from_string(self, text):
         value = int(text)
         return self(value)
@@ -458,7 +453,10 @@ class ScaledInteger(HasUnit, DataType):
 
     def import_value(self, value):
         """returns a python object from serialisation"""
-        return self.scale * int(value)
+        try:
+            return self.scale * int(value)
+        except Exception:
+            raise WrongTypeError(f'can not import {shortrepr(value)} to scaled') from None
 
     def from_string(self, text):
         value = float(text)
@@ -510,10 +508,6 @@ class EnumType(DataType):
         """returns a python object fit for serialisation"""
         return int(self(value))
 
-    def import_value(self, value):
-        """returns a python object from serialisation"""
-        return self(value)
-
     def __call__(self, value):
         """accepts integers and strings, converts to EnumMember (may be used like an int)"""
         try:
@@ -585,7 +579,10 @@ class BLOBType(DataType):
 
     def import_value(self, value):
         """returns a python object from serialisation"""
-        return b64decode(value)
+        try:
+            return b64decode(value)
+        except Exception:
+            raise WrongTypeError(f'can not b64decode {shortrepr(value)}') from None
 
     def from_string(self, text):
         value = text
@@ -656,10 +653,6 @@ class StringType(DataType):
         """returns a python object fit for serialisation"""
         return f'{value}'
 
-    def import_value(self, value):
-        """returns a python object from serialisation"""
-        return str(value)
-
     def from_string(self, text):
         value = str(text)
         return self(value)
@@ -720,10 +713,6 @@ class BoolType(DataType):
         """returns a python object fit for serialisation"""
         return self(value)
 
-    def import_value(self, value):
-        """returns a python object from serialisation"""
-        return self(value)
-
     def from_string(self, text):
         value = text
         return self(value)
@@ -993,7 +982,7 @@ class StructOf(DataType):
         return res
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        opt = f', optional={self.optional!r}' if set(self.optional) == set(self.members) else ''
+        opt = f', optional={self.optional!r}' if set(self.optional) != set(self.members) else ''
         return 'StructOf(%s%s)' % (', '.join(
             ['%s=%s' % (n, repr(st)) for n, st in list(self.members.items())]), opt)
 
@@ -1232,6 +1221,7 @@ class OrType(DataType):
         self.types = types
         self.default = self.types[0].default
 
+
     def __call__(self, value):
         """accepts any of the given types, takes the first valid"""
         for t in self.types:

frappy/errors.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -233,7 +232,7 @@ class ReadFailedError(SECoPError):
 
 
 class OutOfRangeError(SECoPError):
-    """The requested parameter can not be read just now"""
+    """The value read from the hardware is out of sensor or calibration range"""
     name = 'OutOfRange'
 
 

frappy/extparams.py

@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+# *****************************************************************************
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+#
+# *****************************************************************************
+"""extended parameters
+
+special parameter classes with some automatic functionality
+"""
+
+import re
+from frappy.core import Parameter, Property
+from frappy.datatypes import BoolType, DataType, DataTypeType, EnumType, \
+    FloatRange, StringType, StructOf, ValueType
+from frappy.errors import ProgrammingError
+
+
+class StructParam(Parameter):
+    """convenience class to create a struct Parameter together with individual params
+
+    Usage:
+
+        class Controller(Drivable):
+
+            ...
+
+            ctrlpars = StructParam('ctrlpars struct', [
+                ('pid_p', 'p', Parameter('control parameter p', FloatRange())),
+                ('pid_i', 'i', Parameter('control parameter i', FloatRange())),
+                ('pid_d', 'd', Parameter('control parameter d', FloatRange())),
+            ], readonly=False)
+
+            ...
+
+        then implement either read_ctrlpars and write_ctrlpars or
+        read_pid_p, read_pid_i, read_pid_d, write_pid_p, write_pid_i and write_pid_d
+
+        the methods not implemented will be created automatically
+    """
+
+    # use properties, as simple attributes are not considered on copy()
+    paramdict = Property('dict <parametername> of Parameter(...)', ValueType())
+    hasStructRW = Property('has a read_<struct param> or write_<struct param> method',
+                           BoolType(), default=False)
+
+    insideRW = 0  # counter for avoiding multiple superfluous updates
+
+    def __init__(self, description=None, paramdict=None, prefix_or_map='', *, datatype=None, readonly=False, **kwds):
+        """create a struct parameter together with individual parameters
+
+        in addition to normal Parameter arguments:
+
+        :param paramdict: dict <member name> of Parameter(...)
+        :param prefix_or_map: either a prefix for the parameter name to add to the member name
+                              or a dict <member name> or <parameter name>
+        """
+        if isinstance(paramdict, DataType):
+            raise ProgrammingError('second argument must be a dict of Param')
+        if datatype is None and paramdict is not None:  # omit the following on Parameter.copy()
+            if isinstance(prefix_or_map, str):
+                prefix_or_map = {m: prefix_or_map + m for m in paramdict}
+            for membername, param in paramdict.items():
+                param.name = prefix_or_map[membername]
+            datatype = StructOf(**{m: p.datatype for m, p in paramdict.items()})
+            kwds['influences'] = [p.name for p in paramdict.values()]
+        self.updateEnable = {}
+        if paramdict:
+            kwds['paramdict'] = paramdict
+        super().__init__(description, datatype, readonly=readonly, **kwds)
+
+    def __set_name__(self, owner, name):
+        # names of access methods of structed param (e.g. ctrlpars)
+        struct_read_name = f'read_{name}'  # e.g. 'read_ctrlpars'
+        struct_write_name = f'write_{name}'  # e.h. 'write_ctrlpars'
+        self.hasStructRW = hasattr(owner, struct_read_name) or hasattr(owner, struct_write_name)
+
+        for membername, param in self.paramdict.items():
+            pname = param.name
+            changes = {
+                'readonly': self.readonly,
+                'influences': set(param.influences) | {name},
+            }
+            param.ownProperties.update(changes)
+            param.init(changes)
+            setattr(owner, pname, param)
+            param.__set_name__(owner, param.name)
+
+            if self.hasStructRW:
+                rname = f'read_{pname}'
+
+                if not hasattr(owner, rname):
+                    def rfunc(self, membername=membername, struct_read_name=struct_read_name):
+                        return getattr(self, struct_read_name)()[membername]
+
+                    rfunc.poll = False  # read_<struct param> is polled only
+                    setattr(owner, rname, rfunc)
+
+                if not self.readonly:
+                    wname = f'write_{pname}'
+                    if not hasattr(owner, wname):
+                        def wfunc(self, value, membername=membername,
+                                  name=name, rname=rname, struct_write_name=struct_write_name):
+                            valuedict = dict(getattr(self, name))
+                            valuedict[membername] = value
+                            getattr(self, struct_write_name)(valuedict)
+                            return getattr(self, rname)()
+
+                        setattr(owner, wname, wfunc)
+
+        if not self.hasStructRW:
+            if not hasattr(owner, struct_read_name):
+                def struct_read_func(self, name=name, flist=tuple(
+                        (m, f'read_{p.name}') for m, p in self.paramdict.items())):
+                    pobj = self.parameters[name]
+                    # disable updates generated from the callbacks of individual params
+                    pobj.insideRW += 1   # guarded by self.accessLock
+                    try:
+                        return {m: getattr(self, f)() for m, f in flist}
+                    finally:
+                        pobj.insideRW -= 1
+
+                setattr(owner, struct_read_name, struct_read_func)
+
+            if not (self.readonly or hasattr(owner, struct_write_name)):
+
+                def struct_write_func(self, value, name=name, funclist=tuple(
+                        (m, f'write_{p.name}') for m, p in self.paramdict.items())):
+                    pobj = self.parameters[name]
+                    pobj.insideRW += 1  # guarded by self.accessLock
+                    try:
+                        return {m: getattr(self, f)(value[m]) for m, f in funclist}
+                    finally:
+                        pobj.insideRW -= 1
+
+                setattr(owner, struct_write_name, struct_write_func)
+
+        super().__set_name__(owner, name)
+
+    def finish(self, modobj=None):
+        """register callbacks for consistency"""
+        super().finish(modobj)
+        if modobj:
+
+            if self.hasStructRW:
+                def cb(value, modobj=modobj, structparam=self):
+                    for membername, param in structparam.paramdict.items():
+                        setattr(modobj, param.name, value[membername])
+
+                modobj.addCallback(self.name, cb)
+            else:
+                for membername, param in self.paramdict.items():
+                    def cb(value, modobj=modobj, structparam=self, membername=membername):
+                        if not structparam.insideRW:
+                            prev = dict(getattr(modobj, structparam.name))
+                            prev[membername] = value
+                            setattr(modobj, structparam.name, prev)
+
+                    modobj.addCallback(param.name, cb)
+
+
+class FloatEnumParam(Parameter):
+    """combine enum and float parameter
+
+    Example Usage:
+
+    vrange = FloatEnumParam('sensor range', ['500uV', '20mV', '1V'], 'V')
+
+    The following will be created automatically:
+
+    - the parameter vrange will get a datatype FloatRange(5e-4, 1, unit='V')
+    - an additional parameter `vrange_idx` will be created with an enum type
+      {'500uV': 0, '20mV': 1, '1V': 2}
+    - the method `write_vrange` will be created automatically
+
+    However, the methods `write_vrange_idx` and `read_vrange_idx`, if needed,
+    have to implemented by the programmer.
+
+    Writing to the float parameter involves 'rounding' to the closest allowed value.
+
+    Customization:
+
+    The individual labels might be customized by defining them as a tuple
+    (<index>, <label>, <float value>) where either the index or the float value
+    may be omitted.
+
+    When the index is omitted, the element will be the previous index + 1 or
+    0 when it is the first element.
+
+    Omitted values will be determined from the label, assuming that they use
+    one of the predefined unit prefixes together with the given unit.
+
+    The name of the index parameter is by default '<name>_idx' but might be
+    changed with the idx_name argument.
+    """
+    # use properties, as simple attributes are not considered on copy()
+    idx_name = Property('name of attached index parameter', StringType(), default='')
+    valuedict = Property('dict <index> of <value>', ValueType(dict))
+    enumtype = Property('dict <label> of <index', DataTypeType())
+
+    # TODO: factor out unit handling, at the latest when needed elsewhere
+    PREFIXES = {'q': -30, 'r': -27, 'y': -24, 'z': -21, 'a': -18, 'f': -15,
+                'p': -12, 'n': -9, 'u': -6, 'µ': -6, 'm': -3,
+                '': 0, 'k': 3, 'M': 6, 'G': 9, 'T': 12,
+                'P': 15, 'E': 18, 'Z': 21, 'Y': 24, 'R': 25, 'Q': 30}
+
+    def __init__(self, description=None, labels=None, unit='',
+                 *, datatype=None, readonly=False, **kwds):
+        if labels is None:
+            # called on Parameter.copy()
+            super().__init__(description, datatype, readonly=readonly, **kwds)
+            return
+        if isinstance(labels, DataType):
+            raise ProgrammingError('second argument must be a list of labels, not a datatype')
+        nextidx = 0
+        try:
+            edict = {}
+            vdict = {}
+            for elem in labels:
+                if isinstance(elem, str):
+                    idx, label = [nextidx, elem]
+                else:
+                    if isinstance(elem[0], str):
+                        elem = [nextidx] + list(elem)
+                    idx, label, *tail = elem
+                    if tail:
+                        vdict[idx], = tail
+                edict[label] = idx
+                nextidx = idx + 1
+        except (ValueError, TypeError) as e:
+            raise ProgrammingError('labels must be a list of labels or tuples '
+                                   '([index], label, [value])') from e
+        pat = re.compile(rf'([+-]?\d*\.?\d*) *({"|".join(self.PREFIXES)}){unit}$')
+        try:
+            # determine missing values from labels
+            for label, idx in edict.items():
+                if idx not in vdict:
+                    value, prefix = pat.match(label).groups()
+                    vdict[idx] = float(f'{value}e{self.PREFIXES[prefix]}')
+        except (AttributeError, ValueError) as e:
+            raise ProgrammingError(f"{label!r} has not the form '<float><prefix>{unit}'") from e
+        try:
+            enumtype = EnumType(**edict)
+        except TypeError as e:
+            raise ProgrammingError(str(e)) from e
+        datatype = FloatRange(min(vdict.values()), max(vdict.values()), unit=unit)
+        super().__init__(description, datatype, enumtype=enumtype, valuedict=vdict,
+                         readonly=readonly, **kwds)
+
+    def __set_name__(self, owner, name):
+        super().__set_name__(owner, name)
+        if not self.idx_name:
+            self.idx_name = name + '_idx'
+        iname = self.idx_name
+        idx_param = Parameter(f'index of {name}', self.enumtype,
+                              readonly=self.readonly, influences={name})
+        idx_param.init({})
+        setattr(owner, iname, idx_param)
+        idx_param.__set_name__(owner, iname)
+
+        self.setProperty('influences', {iname})
+
+        if not hasattr(owner, f'write_{name}'):
+
+            # customization (like rounding up or down) might be
+            # achieved by adding write_<name>. if not, the default
+            # is rounding to the closest value
+
+            def wfunc(mobj, value, vdict=self.valuedict, fname=name, wfunc_iname=f'write_{iname}'):
+                getattr(mobj, wfunc_iname)(
+                    min(vdict, key=lambda i: abs(vdict[i] - value)))
+                return getattr(mobj, fname)
+
+            setattr(owner, f'write_{name}', wfunc)
+
+    def __get__(self, instance, owner):
+        """getter for value"""
+        if instance is None:
+            return self
+        return self.valuedict[instance.parameters[self.idx_name].value]
+
+    def trigger_setter(self, modobj, _):
+        # trigger update of float parameter on change of enum parameter
+        modobj.announceUpdate(self.name, getattr(modobj, self.name))
+
+    def finish(self, modobj=None):
+        """register callbacks for consistency"""
+        super().finish(modobj)
+        if modobj:
+            modobj.addCallback(self.idx_name, self.trigger_setter, modobj)

frappy/features.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/gui/cfg_editor/config_file.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/gui/cfg_editor/mainwindow.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/gui/cfg_editor/node_display.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/gui/cfg_editor/tree_widget_item.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/gui/cfg_editor/utils.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/gui/cfg_editor/widgets.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/gui/collapsible.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2023 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/gui/connection.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2016 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/gui/console.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2023 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/gui/logwindow.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2023 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/gui/mainwindow.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2023 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/gui/moduleoverview.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2023 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/gui/modulewidget.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2023 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/gui/nodewidget.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2023 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/gui/params/__init__.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2016 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/gui/paramview.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2017 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/gui/plotting.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2023 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/gui/qt.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/gui/resources_qt5.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
 # Resource object code
 #

frappy/gui/tabwidget.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # NICOS, the Networked Instrument Control System of the MLZ
 # Copyright (c) 2009-2023 by the NICOS contributors (see AUTHORS)

frappy/gui/util.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2016 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/gui/valuewidgets.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2016 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/io.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 # the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
@@ -25,17 +24,17 @@ other future extensions of AsynConn
 """
 
 import re
-import time
 import threading
+import time
 
-from frappy.lib.asynconn import AsynConn, ConnectionClosed
-from frappy.datatypes import ArrayOf, BLOBType, BoolType, FloatRange, IntRange, \
-    StringType, TupleOf, ValueType
-from frappy.errors import CommunicationFailedError, ConfigError, ProgrammingError, \
-    SilentCommunicationFailedError as SilentError
-from frappy.modules import Attached, Command, \
-    Communicator, Module, Parameter, Property
+from frappy.datatypes import ArrayOf, BLOBType, BoolType, FloatRange, \
+    IntRange, StringType, StructOf, TupleOf, ValueType
+from frappy.errors import CommunicationFailedError, ConfigError, \
+    ProgrammingError, SilentCommunicationFailedError as SilentError
 from frappy.lib import generalConfig
+from frappy.lib.asynconn import AsynConn, ConnectionClosed
+from frappy.modules import Attached, Command, Communicator, Module, \
+    Parameter, Property
 
 generalConfig.set_default('legacy_hasiodev', False)
 
@@ -62,8 +61,7 @@ class HasIO(Module):
                 ioname = opts.get('io') or f'{name}_io'
                 io = self.ioClass(ioname, srv.log.getChild(ioname), opts, srv)  # pylint: disable=not-callable
                 io.callingModule = []
-                srv.modules[ioname] = io
-                srv.dispatcher.register_module(io, ioname)
+                srv.secnode.add_module(io, ioname)
                 self.ioDict[self.uri] = ioname
             self.io = ioname
 
@@ -76,8 +74,11 @@ class HasIO(Module):
     def communicate(self, *args):
         return self.io.communicate(*args)
 
-    def multicomm(self, *args):
-        return self.io.multicomm(*args)
+    def writeline(self, *args):
+        return self.io.writeline(*args)
+
+    def multicomm(self, *args, **kwds):
+        return self.io.multicomm(*args, **kwds)
 
 
 class HasIodev(HasIO):
@@ -287,7 +288,7 @@ class StringIO(IOBase):
                                                f' does not match {regexp!r}')
 
     @Command(StringType(), result=StringType())
-    def communicate(self, command):
+    def communicate(self, command, noreply=False):
         """send a command and receive a reply
 
         using end_of_line, encoding and self._lock
@@ -314,6 +315,8 @@ class StringIO(IOBase):
                                 self.comLog('garbage: %r', garbage)
                         self._conn.send(cmd + self._eol_write)
                         self.comLog('> %s', cmd.decode(self.encoding))
+                    if noreply:
+                        return None
                     reply = self._conn.readline(self.timeout)
                 except ConnectionClosed:
                     self.closeConnection()
@@ -329,13 +332,69 @@ class StringIO(IOBase):
                 self.log.error(self._last_error)
             raise SilentError(repr(e)) from e
 
-    @Command(ArrayOf(StringType()), result=ArrayOf(StringType()))
-    def multicomm(self, commands):
-        """communicate multiple request/replies in one row"""
+    @Command(StringType())
+    def writeline(self, command):
+        """send a command without needing a reply
+
+        For keeping a request-reply scheme it is recommended to overwrite
+        this method to append a query on the same line, for example:
+
+        .. code::
+
+            def writeline(self, command):
+                self.communicate(command + ';*OPC?')
+
+        or to add an additional query which is returning always a reply, e.g.:
+
+        .. code::
+
+            def writeline(self, command):
+                with self._lock:  # important!
+                    self.communicate(command, noreply=True)
+                    self.communicate('*OPC?')
+
+        The first version is preferred when the hardware allows to join several
+        commands by a separator.
+        """
+        self.communicate(command, noreply=True)
+
+    @Command(ArrayOf(TupleOf(StringType(), BoolType(), FloatRange(0, unit='s'))),
+             result=ArrayOf(StringType()))
+    def multicomm(self, requests):
+        """communicate multiple request/replies in one go
+
+        :param requests: a sequence of tuple of (command, request_expected, delay)
+            if called internally, a sequence of strings (command) is also accepted
+        :return: list of replies
+
+        This method may be rarely used, it is intended when the hardware needs
+        that several commands are not intercepted by an other client or by the poller,
+        for example selecting a channel before reading it. Or when wait times different
+        from 'wait_before' have to be specified.
+
+        These cases may also handled by adding an additional method to the IO class.
+        This could also be a custom SECoP command.
+        Or, in the case where all useful commands in this IO class need it,
+        :meth:`communicate` may be overridden.
+
+        This method should be used in the following cases:
+
+        1) you want to use a generic communicator covering above use cases over SECoP.
+        2) you do not want to subclass the IO class.
+        """
         replies = []
         with self._lock:
-            for cmd in commands:
-                replies.append(self.communicate(cmd))
+            for request in requests:
+                if isinstance(request, str):
+                    cmd, expect_reply, delay = request, True, 0
+                else:
+                    cmd, expect_reply, delay = request
+                if expect_reply:
+                    replies.append(self.communicate(cmd))
+                else:
+                    self.writeline(cmd)
+                if delay:
+                    time.sleep(delay)
         return replies
 
 
@@ -395,7 +454,7 @@ class BytesIO(IOBase):
             if not replypat.match(reply):
                 self.closeConnection()
                 raise CommunicationFailedError(f'bad response: {reply!r}'
-                                               ' does not match {expected!r}')
+                                               f' does not match {expected!r}')
 
     @Command((BLOBType(), IntRange(0)), result=BLOBType())
     def communicate(self, request, replylen):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
@@ -426,13 +485,20 @@ class BytesIO(IOBase):
                 self.log.error(self._last_error)
             raise SilentError(repr(e)) from e
 
-    @Command((ArrayOf(TupleOf(BLOBType(), IntRange(0)))), result=ArrayOf(BLOBType()))
+    @Command(StructOf(requests=ArrayOf(TupleOf(BLOBType(), IntRange(0), FloatRange(0, unit='s')))),
+             result=ArrayOf(BLOBType()))
     def multicomm(self, requests):
-        """communicate multiple request/replies in one row"""
+        """communicate multiple request/replies in one go
+
+        :param requests: sequence of tuple (<command>, <expected reply length>, <delay>)
+        :return: list of replies
+        """
         replies = []
         with self._lock:
-            for request in requests:
-                replies.append(self.communicate(*request))
+            for cmd, replylen, delay in requests:
+                replies.append(self.communicate(cmd, replylen))
+            if delay:
+                time.sleep(delay)
         return replies
 
     def readBytes(self, nbytes):

frappy/lib/asynconn.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/lib/classdoc.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -22,12 +21,14 @@
 
 from textwrap import indent
 
-from frappy.modules import Command, HasProperties, Module, Parameter, Property
+from frappy.modules import Command, Parameter, Property
+from frappy.modulebase import HasProperties, Module
 
 
 def indent_description(p):
     """indent lines except first one"""
-    return indent(p.description, '      ').replace('      ', '', 1)
+    space = ' ' * 6
+    return indent(p.description, space).replace(space, '', 1)
 
 
 def fmt_param(name, param):

frappy/lib/enum.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2016 by the authors, see LICENSE
 #

frappy/lib/multievent.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/lib/pidfile.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/lib/py35compat.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -33,7 +32,7 @@ else:
     class PEP487Metaclass(type):
         # support for __set_name__ and __init_subclass__ for older python versions
         # slightly modified from PEP487 doc
-        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):  # pylint: disable=bad-mcs-classmethod-argument
             if len(args) != 3:
                 return super().__new__(cls, *args)
             name, bases, ns = args

frappy/lib/sequence.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -142,6 +141,7 @@ class SequencerMixin:
         return self.Status.IDLE, ''
 
     def stop(self):
+        """stop sequence"""
         if self.seq_is_alive():
             self._seq_stopflag = True
 

frappy/lib/statemachine.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/logging.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -55,6 +54,8 @@ class RemoteLogHandler(mlzlog.Handler):
     def __init__(self):
         super().__init__()
         self.subscriptions = {}  # dict[modname] of tuple(mobobj, dict [conn] of level)
+        # None will be replaced by a callback when one is first installed
+        self.send_log = None
 
     def emit(self, record):
         """unused"""
@@ -62,18 +63,18 @@ class RemoteLogHandler(mlzlog.Handler):
     def handle(self, record):
         modname = record.name.split('.')[-1]
         try:
-            modobj, subscriptions = self.subscriptions[modname]
+            subscriptions = self.subscriptions[modname]
         except KeyError:
             return
         for conn, lev in subscriptions.items():
             if record.levelno >= lev:
-                modobj.DISPATCHER.send_log_msg(
-                    conn, modobj.name, LEVEL_NAMES[record.levelno],
+                self.send_log(  # pylint: disable=not-callable
+                    conn, modname, LEVEL_NAMES[record.levelno],
                     record.getMessage())
 
-    def set_conn_level(self, modobj, conn, level):
+    def set_conn_level(self, modname, conn, level):
         level = check_level(level)
-        modobj, subscriptions = self.subscriptions.setdefault(modobj.name, (modobj, {}))
+        subscriptions = self.subscriptions.setdefault(modname, {})
         if level == OFF:
             subscriptions.pop(conn, None)
         else:
@@ -127,7 +128,7 @@ class HasComlog:
         if self.comlog and generalConfig.initialized and generalConfig.comlog:
             self._comLog = mlzlog.Logger(f'COMLOG.{self.name}')
             self._comLog.handlers[:] = []
-            directory = join(logger.logdir, logger.rootname, 'comlog', self.DISPATCHER.name)
+            directory = join(logger.logdir, logger.rootname, 'comlog', self.secNode.name)
             self._comLog.addHandler(ComLogfileHandler(
                 directory, self.name, max_days=generalConfig.getint('comlog_days', 7)))
             return

frappy/mixins.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -71,11 +70,8 @@ class HasOutputModule:
 
     def initModule(self):
         super().initModule()
-        try:
-            if self.output_module:
-                self.output_module.register_input(self.name, self.deactivate_control)
-        except Exception:
-            self.log.info(f'{self.name} has no output module')
+        if self.output_module:
+            self.output_module.register_input(self.name, self.deactivate_control)
 
     def set_control_active(self, active):
         """to be overridden for switching hw control"""

frappy/modulebase.py

@@ -0,0 +1,835 @@
+# *****************************************************************************
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Enrico Faulhaber <enrico.faulhaber@frm2.tum.de>
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+#   Alexander Zaft <a.zaft@fz-juelich.de>
+#
+# *****************************************************************************
+"""Defines the base Module class"""
+
+
+import time
+import threading
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+from frappy.datatypes import ArrayOf, BoolType, EnumType, FloatRange, \
+    IntRange, StringType, TextType, TupleOf, \
+    NoneOr
+from frappy.errors import BadValueError, CommunicationFailedError, ConfigError, \
+    ProgrammingError, SECoPError, secop_error, RangeError
+from frappy.lib import formatException, mkthread, UniqueObject
+from frappy.params import Accessible, Command, Parameter, Limit
+from frappy.properties import HasProperties, Property
+from frappy.logging import RemoteLogHandler
+
+# TODO: resolve cirular import
+# from .interfaces import SECoP_BASE_CLASSES
+# WORKAROUND:
+SECoP_BASE_CLASSES = ['Readable', 'Writable', 'Drivable', 'Communicator']
+
+Done = UniqueObject('Done')
+"""a special return value for a read_<param>/write_<param> method
+
+indicating that the setter is triggered already"""
+
+wrapperClasses = {}
+
+
+class HasAccessibles(HasProperties):
+    """base class of Module
+
+    joining the class's properties, parameters and commands dicts with
+    those of base classes.
+    wrap read_*/write_* methods
+    (so the dispatcher will get notified of changed values)
+    """
+    isWrapped = False
+    checkedMethods = set()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __init_subclass__(cls):  # pylint: disable=too-many-branches
+        super().__init_subclass__()
+        if cls.isWrapped:
+            return
+        # merge accessibles from all sub-classes, treat overrides
+        # for now, allow to use also the old syntax (parameters/commands dict)
+        accessibles = OrderedDict()  # dict of accessibles
+        merged_properties = {}  # dict of dict of merged properties
+        new_names = []  # list of names of new accessibles
+        override_values = {}  # bare values overriding a parameter and methods overriding a command
+
+        for base in reversed(cls.__mro__):
+            for key, value in base.__dict__.items():
+                if isinstance(value, Accessible):
+                    value.updateProperties(merged_properties.setdefault(key, {}))
+                    if base == cls and key not in accessibles:
+                        new_names.append(key)
+                    accessibles[key] = value
+                    override_values.pop(key, None)
+                elif key in accessibles:
+                    override_values[key] = value
+        # remark: merged_properties contain already the properties of accessibles of cls
+        for aname, aobj in list(accessibles.items()):
+            if aname in override_values:
+                value = override_values[aname]
+                if value is None:
+                    accessibles.pop(aname)
+                    continue
+                aobj = aobj.create_from_value(merged_properties[aname], value)
+                # replace the bare value by the created accessible
+                setattr(cls, aname, aobj)
+            else:
+                aobj.merge(merged_properties[aname])
+            accessibles[aname] = aobj
+
+        # rebuild order: (1) inherited items, (2) items from paramOrder, (3) new accessibles
+        # move (2) to the end
+        paramOrder = cls.__dict__.get('paramOrder', ())
+        for aname in paramOrder:
+            if aname in accessibles:
+                accessibles.move_to_end(aname)
+                # ignore unknown names
+        # move (3) to the end
+        for aname in new_names:
+            if aname not in paramOrder:
+                accessibles.move_to_end(aname)
+        cls.accessibles = accessibles
+
+        cls.wrappedAttributes = {'isWrapped': True}
+        # create wrappers for access methods
+        wrapped_name = '_' + cls.__name__
+        for pname, pobj in accessibles.items():
+            # wrap of reading/writing funcs
+            if not isinstance(pobj, Parameter):
+                # nothing to do for Commands
+                continue
+
+            rname = 'read_' + pname
+            rfunc = getattr(cls, rname, None)
+            # create wrapper
+            if rfunc:
+
+                def new_rfunc(self, pname=pname, rfunc=rfunc):
+                    with self.accessLock:
+                        try:
+                            value = rfunc(self)
+                            self.log.debug("read_%s returned %r", pname, value)
+                            if value is Done:  # TODO: to be removed when all code using Done is updated
+                                return getattr(self, pname)
+                            pobj = self.accessibles[pname]
+                            value = pobj.datatype(value)
+                        except Exception as e:
+                            self.log.debug("read_%s failed with %r", pname, e)
+                            if isinstance(e, SECoPError):
+                                e.raising_methods.append(f'{self.name}.read_{pname}')
+                            self.announceUpdate(pname, err=e)
+                            raise
+                        self.announceUpdate(pname, value, validate=False)
+                        return value
+
+                new_rfunc.poll = getattr(rfunc, 'poll', True)
+            else:
+
+                def new_rfunc(self, pname=pname):
+                    return getattr(self, pname)
+
+                new_rfunc.poll = False
+
+            new_rfunc.__name__ = rname
+            new_rfunc.__qualname__ = wrapped_name + '.' + rname
+            new_rfunc.__module__ = cls.__module__
+            cls.wrappedAttributes[rname] = new_rfunc
+
+            cname = 'check_' + pname
+            for postfix in ('_limits', '_min', '_max'):
+                limname = pname + postfix
+                if limname in accessibles:
+                    # find the base class, where the parameter <limname> is defined first.
+                    # we have to check all bases, as they may not be treated yet when
+                    # not inheriting from HasAccessibles
+                    base = next(b for b in reversed(cls.__mro__) if limname in b.__dict__)
+                    if cname not in base.__dict__:
+                        # there is no check method yet at this class
+                        # add check function to the class where the limit was defined
+                        setattr(base, cname, lambda self, value, pname=pname: self.checkLimits(value, pname))
+
+            cfuncs = tuple(filter(None, (b.__dict__.get(cname) for b in cls.__mro__)))
+            wname = 'write_' + pname
+            wfunc = getattr(cls, wname, None)
+            if wfunc or not pobj.readonly:
+                # allow write method even when parameter is readonly, but internally writable
+
+                def new_wfunc(self, value, pname=pname, wfunc=wfunc, check_funcs=cfuncs):
+                    with self.accessLock:
+                        self.log.debug('validate %r to datatype of %r', value, pname)
+                        validate = self.parameters[pname].datatype.validate
+                        try:
+                            new_value = validate(value)
+                            for c in check_funcs:
+                                if c(self, value):
+                                    break
+                            if wfunc:
+                                new_value = wfunc(self, new_value)
+                                self.log.debug('write_%s(%r) returned %r', pname, value, new_value)
+                                if new_value is Done:  # TODO: to be removed when all code using Done is updated
+                                    return getattr(self, pname)
+                                new_value = value if new_value is None else validate(new_value)
+                        except Exception as e:
+                            if isinstance(e, SECoPError):
+                                e.raising_methods.append(f'{self.name}.write_{pname}')
+                            self.announceUpdate(pname, err=e)
+                            raise
+                        self.announceUpdate(pname, new_value, validate=False)
+                        return new_value
+
+                new_wfunc.__name__ = wname
+                new_wfunc.__qualname__ = wrapped_name + '.' + wname
+                new_wfunc.__module__ = cls.__module__
+                cls.wrappedAttributes[wname] = new_wfunc
+
+        cls.checkedMethods.update(cls.wrappedAttributes)
+
+        # check for programming errors
+        for attrname in dir(cls):
+            prefix, _, pname = attrname.partition('_')
+            if not pname:
+                continue
+            if prefix == 'do':
+                raise ProgrammingError(f'{cls.__name__!r}: old style command {attrname!r} not supported anymore')
+            if prefix in ('read', 'write') and attrname not in cls.checkedMethods:
+                raise ProgrammingError(f'{cls.__name__}.{attrname} defined, but {pname!r} is no parameter')
+
+        try:
+            # update Status type
+            cls.Status = cls.status.datatype.members[0]._enum
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        res = {}
+        # collect info about properties
+        for pn, pv in cls.propertyDict.items():
+            if pv.settable:
+                res[pn] = pv
+        # collect info about parameters and their properties
+        for param, pobj in cls.accessibles.items():
+            res[param] = {}
+            for pn, pv in pobj.getProperties().items():
+                if pv.settable:
+                    res[param][pn] = pv
+        cls.configurables = res
+
+    def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+        wrapper_class = wrapperClasses.get(cls)
+        if wrapper_class is None:
+            wrapper_class = type('_' + cls.__name__, (cls,), cls.wrappedAttributes)
+            wrapperClasses[cls] = wrapper_class
+        return super().__new__(wrapper_class)
+
+
+class Feature(HasAccessibles):
+    """all things belonging to a small, predefined functionality influencing the working of a module
+
+    a mixin with Feature as a direct base class is recognized as a SECoP feature
+    and reported in the module property 'features'
+    """
+
+
+class PollInfo:
+    def __init__(self, pollinterval, trigger_event):
+        self.interval = pollinterval
+        self.last_main = 0
+        self.last_slow = 0
+        self.pending_errors = set()
+        self.polled_parameters = []
+        self.fast_flag = False
+        self.trigger_event = trigger_event
+
+    def trigger(self, immediate=False):
+        """trigger a recalculation of poll due times
+
+        :param immediate: when True, doPoll should be called as soon as possible
+        """
+        if immediate:
+            self.last_main = 0
+        self.trigger_event.set()
+
+    def update_interval(self, pollinterval):
+        if not self.fast_flag:
+            self.interval = pollinterval
+            self.trigger()
+
+
+class Module(HasAccessibles):
+    """basic module
+
+    all SECoP modules derive from this.
+
+    :param name: the modules name
+    :param logger: a logger instance
+    :param cfgdict: the dict from this modules section in the config file
+    :param srv: the server instance
+
+    Notes:
+
+    - the programmer normally should not need to reimplement :meth:`__init__`
+    - within modules, parameters should only be addressed as ``self.<pname>``,
+      i.e. ``self.value``, ``self.target`` etc...
+
+      - these are accessing the cached version.
+      - they can also be written to, generating an async update
+
+    - if you want to 'update from the hardware', call ``self.read_<pname>()`` instead
+
+      - the return value of this method will be used as the new cached value and
+        be an async update sent automatically.
+
+    - if you want to 'update the hardware' call ``self.write_<pname>(<new value>)``.
+
+      - The return value of this method will also update the cache.
+
+    """
+    # static properties, definitions in derived classes should overwrite earlier ones.
+    # note: properties don't change after startup and are usually filled
+    #       with data from a cfg file...
+    # note: only the properties predefined here are allowed to be set in the cfg file
+    export = Property('flag if this module is to be exported', BoolType(), default=True, export=False)
+    group = Property('optional group the module belongs to', StringType(), default='', extname='group')
+    description = Property('description of the module', TextType(), extname='description', mandatory=True)
+    meaning = Property('optional meaning indicator', TupleOf(StringType(), IntRange(0, 50)),
+                       default=('', 0), extname='meaning')
+    visibility = Property('optional visibility hint', EnumType('visibility', user=1, advanced=2, expert=3),
+                          default='user', extname='visibility')
+    implementation = Property('internal name of the implementation class of the module', StringType(),
+                              extname='implementation')
+    interface_classes = Property('offical highest interface-class of the module', ArrayOf(StringType()),
+                                 extname='interface_classes')
+    features = Property('list of features', ArrayOf(StringType()), extname='features')
+    pollinterval = Property('poll interval for parameters handled by doPoll', FloatRange(0.1, 120), default=5)
+    slowinterval = Property('poll interval for other parameters', FloatRange(0.1, 120), default=15)
+    omit_unchanged_within = Property('default for minimum time between updates of unchanged values',
+                                     NoneOr(FloatRange(0)), export=False, default=None)
+    enablePoll = True
+
+    pollInfo = None
+    triggerPoll = None  # trigger event for polls. used on io modules and modules without io
+
+    def __init__(self, name, logger, cfgdict, srv):
+        # remember the secnode for interacting with other modules and the
+        # server
+        self.secNode = srv.secnode
+        self.log = logger
+        self.name = name
+        self.paramCallbacks = {}
+        self.earlyInitDone = False
+        self.initModuleDone = False
+        self.startModuleDone = False
+        self.remoteLogHandler = None
+        self.accessLock = threading.RLock()  # for read_* / write_* methods
+        self.updateLock = threading.RLock()  # for announceUpdate
+        self.polledModules = []  # modules polled by thread started in self.startModules
+        self.attachedModules = {}
+        self.errors = []
+        self._isinitialized = False
+        self.updateCallback = srv.dispatcher.announce_update
+
+        # handle module properties
+        # 1) make local copies of properties
+        super().__init__()
+
+        # conversion from exported names to internal attribute names
+        self.accessiblename2attr = {}
+        self.writeDict = {}  # values of parameters to be written
+        # properties, parameters and commands are auto-merged upon subclassing
+        self.parameters = {}
+        self.commands = {}
+
+        # 2) check and apply properties specified in cfgdict as
+        # '<propertyname> = <propertyvalue>'
+        # pylint: disable=consider-using-dict-items
+        for key in self.propertyDict:
+            value = cfgdict.pop(key, None)
+            if value is not None:
+                try:
+                    if isinstance(value, dict):
+                        self.setProperty(key, value['value'])
+                    else:
+                        self.setProperty(key, value)
+                except BadValueError:
+                    self.errors.append(f'{key}: value {value!r} does not match {self.propertyDict[key].datatype!r}!')
+
+        # 3) set automatic properties
+        mycls, = self.__class__.__bases__  # skip the wrapper class
+        myclassname = f'{mycls.__module__}.{mycls.__name__}'
+        self.implementation = myclassname
+
+        # list of only the 'highest' secop module class
+        self.interface_classes = [
+            b.__name__ for b in mycls.__mro__ if b.__name__ in SECoP_BASE_CLASSES][:1]
+
+        # handle Features
+        self.features = [b.__name__ for b in mycls.__mro__ if Feature in b.__bases__]
+
+        # handle accessibles
+        # 1) make local copies of parameter objects
+        #    they need to be individual per instance since we use them also
+        #    to cache the current value + qualifiers...
+        # do not re-use self.accessibles as this is the same for all instances
+        accessibles = self.accessibles
+        self.accessibles = {}
+        for aname, aobj in accessibles.items():
+            # make a copy of the Parameter/Command object
+            aobj = aobj.copy()
+            acfg = cfgdict.pop(aname, None)
+            self._add_accessible(aname, aobj, cfg=acfg)
+
+        # 3) complain about names not found as accessible or property names
+        if cfgdict:
+            self.errors.append(
+                f"{', '.join(cfgdict.keys())} does not exist (use one of"
+                f" {', '.join(list(self.accessibles) + list(self.propertyDict))})")
+
+        # 5) ensure consistency of all accessibles added here
+        for aobj in self.accessibles.values():
+            aobj.finish(self)
+
+        # Modify units AFTER applying the cfgdict
+        mainvalue = self.parameters.get('value')
+        if mainvalue:
+            mainunit = mainvalue.datatype.unit
+            if mainunit:
+                self.applyMainUnit(mainunit)
+
+        # 6) check complete configuration of * properties
+        if not self.errors:
+            try:
+                self.checkProperties()
+            except ConfigError as e:
+                self.errors.append(str(e))
+            for aname, aobj in self.accessibles.items():
+                try:
+                    aobj.checkProperties()
+                except (ConfigError, ProgrammingError) as e:
+                    self.errors.append(f'{aname}: {e}')
+        if self.errors:
+            raise ConfigError(self.errors)
+
+    # helper cfg-editor
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self.accessibles.__iter__()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, item):
+        return self.accessibles.__getitem__(item)
+
+    def applyMainUnit(self, mainunit):
+        """replace $ in units of parameters by mainunit"""
+        for pobj in self.parameters.values():
+            pobj.datatype.set_main_unit(mainunit)
+
+    def _add_accessible(self, name, accessible, cfg=None):
+        if self.startModuleDone:
+            raise ProgrammingError('Accessibles can only be added before startModule()!')
+        if not self.export:  # do not export parameters of a module not exported
+            accessible.export = False
+        self.accessibles[name] = accessible
+        if accessible.export:
+            self.accessiblename2attr[accessible.export] = name
+        if isinstance(accessible, Parameter):
+            self.parameters[name] = accessible
+        if isinstance(accessible, Command):
+            self.commands[name] = accessible
+        if cfg:
+            try:
+                for propname, propvalue in cfg.items():
+                    accessible.setProperty(propname, propvalue)
+            except KeyError:
+                self.errors.append(f"'{name}' has no property '{propname}'")
+            except BadValueError as e:
+                self.errors.append(f'{name}.{propname}: {str(e)}')
+        if isinstance(accessible, Parameter):
+            self._handle_writes(name, accessible)
+
+    def _handle_writes(self, pname, pobj):
+        """ register value for writing, if given
+        apply default when no value is given (in cfg or as Parameter argument)
+        or complain, when cfg is needed
+        """
+        self.paramCallbacks[pname] = []
+        if isinstance(pobj, Limit):
+            basepname = pname.rpartition('_')[0]
+            baseparam = self.parameters.get(basepname)
+            if not baseparam:
+                self.errors.append(f'limit {pname!r} is given, but not {basepname!r}')
+                return
+            if baseparam.datatype is None:
+                return  # an error will be reported on baseparam
+            pobj.set_datatype(baseparam.datatype)
+        if not pobj.hasDatatype():
+            self.errors.append(f'{pname} needs a datatype')
+            return
+        if pobj.value is None:
+            if pobj.needscfg:
+                self.errors.append(f'{pname!r} has no default value and was not given in config!')
+            if pobj.default is None:
+                # we do not want to call the setter for this parameter for now,
+                # this should happen on the first read
+                pobj.readerror = ConfigError(f'parameter {pname!r} not initialized')
+                # above error will be triggered on activate after startup,
+                # when not all hardware parameters are read because of startup timeout
+                pobj.default = pobj.datatype.default
+            pobj.value = pobj.default
+        else:
+            # value given explicitly, either by cfg or as Parameter argument
+            pobj.given = True  # for PersistentMixin
+            if hasattr(self, 'write_' + pname):
+                self.writeDict[pname] = pobj.value
+            if pobj.default is None:
+                pobj.default = pobj.value
+            # this checks again for datatype and sets the timestamp
+            setattr(self, pname, pobj.value)
+
+    def announceUpdate(self, pname, value=None, err=None, timestamp=None, validate=True):
+        """announce a changed value or readerror
+
+        :param pname: parameter name
+        :param value: new value or None in case of error
+        :param err: None or an exception
+        :param timestamp: a timestamp or None for taking current time
+        :param validate: True: convert to datatype, in case of error store in readerror
+        :return:
+
+        when err=None and validate=False, the value must already be converted to the datatype
+        """
+
+        with self.updateLock:
+            pobj = self.parameters[pname]
+            timestamp = timestamp or time.time()
+            if not err:
+                try:
+                    if validate:
+                        value = pobj.datatype(value)
+                except Exception as e:
+                    err = e
+                else:
+                    changed = pobj.value != value
+                    # store the value even in case of error
+                    pobj.value = value
+            if err:
+                if secop_error(err) == pobj.readerror:
+                    err.report_error = False
+                    return  # no updates for repeated errors
+                err = secop_error(err)
+                value_err = value, err
+            else:
+                if not changed and timestamp < (pobj.timestamp or 0) + pobj.omit_unchanged_within:
+                    # no change within short time -> omit
+                    return
+                value_err = (value,)
+            pobj.timestamp = timestamp or time.time()
+            pobj.readerror = err
+            for cbfunc, cbargs in self.paramCallbacks[pname]:
+                try:
+                    cbfunc(*cbargs, *value_err)
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            if pobj.export:
+                self.updateCallback(self, pobj)
+
+    def addCallback(self, pname, callback_function, *args):
+        self.paramCallbacks[pname].append((callback_function, args))
+
+    def registerCallbacks(self, modobj, autoupdate=()):
+        """register callbacks to another module <modobj>
+
+        whenever a self.<param> changes or changes its error state:
+        <modobj>.update_param(<value> [, <exc>]) is called,
+        where <value> is the new value and <exc> is given only in case of error.
+        if the method does not exist, and <param> is in autoupdate
+        <modobj>.announceUpdate(<pname>, <value>, <exc>) is called
+        with <exc> being None in case of no error.
+
+        Remark: when <modobj>.update_<param> does not accept the <exc> argument,
+        nothing happens (the callback is catched by try / except).
+        Any exceptions raised by the callback function are silently ignored.
+        """
+        autoupdate = set(autoupdate)
+        for pname in self.parameters:
+            cbfunc = getattr(modobj, 'update_' + pname, None)
+            if cbfunc:
+                self.addCallback(pname, cbfunc)
+            elif pname in autoupdate:
+                self.addCallback(pname, modobj.announceUpdate, pname)
+
+    def isBusy(self, status=None):
+        """helper function for treating substates of BUSY correctly"""
+        # defined even for non drivable (used for dynamic polling)
+        return False
+
+    def earlyInit(self):
+        """initialise module with stuff to be done before all modules are created"""
+        self.earlyInitDone = True
+
+    def initModule(self):
+        """initialise module with stuff to be done after all modules are created"""
+        self.initModuleDone = True
+        if self.enablePoll or self.writeDict:
+            # enablePoll == False: we still need the poll thread for writing values from writeDict
+            if hasattr(self, 'io'):
+                self.io.polledModules.append(self)
+                if not self.io.triggerPoll:
+                    # when self.io.enablePoll is False, triggerPoll is not
+                    # created for self.io in the else clause below
+                    self.triggerPoll = threading.Event()
+            else:
+                self.triggerPoll = threading.Event()
+                self.polledModules.append(self)
+
+    def startModule(self, start_events):
+        """runs after init of all modules
+
+        when a thread is started, a trigger function may signal that it
+        has finished its initial work
+        start_events.get_trigger(<timeout>) creates such a trigger and
+        registers it in the server for waiting
+        <timeout> defaults to 30 seconds
+        """
+        # we do not need self.errors any longer. should we delete it?
+        # del self.errors
+        if self.polledModules:
+            mkthread(self.__pollThread, self.polledModules, start_events.get_trigger())
+        self.startModuleDone = True
+
+    def initialReads(self):
+        """initial reads to be done
+
+        override to read initial values from HW, when it is not desired
+        to poll them afterwards
+
+        called from the poll thread, after writeInitParams but before
+        all parameters are polled once
+        """
+
+    def shutdownModule(self):
+        """called when the sever shuts down
+
+        any cleanup-work should be performed here, like closing threads and
+        saving data.
+        """
+
+    def doPoll(self):
+        """polls important parameters like value and status
+
+        all other parameters are polled automatically
+        """
+
+    def setFastPoll(self, flag, fast_interval=0.25):
+        """change poll interval
+
+        :param flag: enable/disable fast poll mode
+        :param fast_interval: fast poll interval
+        """
+        if self.pollInfo:
+            self.pollInfo.fast_flag = flag
+            self.pollInfo.interval = fast_interval if flag else self.pollinterval
+            self.pollInfo.trigger()
+
+    def callPollFunc(self, rfunc, raise_com_failed=False):
+        """call read method with proper error handling"""
+        try:
+            rfunc()
+            if rfunc.__name__ in self.pollInfo.pending_errors:
+                self.log.info('%s: o.k.', rfunc.__name__)
+                self.pollInfo.pending_errors.discard(rfunc.__name__)
+        except Exception as e:
+            if getattr(e, 'report_error', True):
+                name = rfunc.__name__
+                self.pollInfo.pending_errors.add(name)  # trigger o.k. message after error is resolved
+                if isinstance(e, SECoPError):
+                    e.raising_methods.append(name)
+                    if e.silent:
+                        self.log.debug('%s', e.format(False))
+                    else:
+                        self.log.error('%s', e.format(False))
+                    if raise_com_failed and isinstance(e, CommunicationFailedError):
+                        raise
+                else:
+                    # not a SECoPError: this is proabably a programming error
+                    # we want to log the traceback
+                    self.log.error('%s', formatException())
+
+    def __pollThread(self, modules, started_callback):
+        """poll thread body
+
+        :param modules: list of modules to be handled by this thread
+        :param started_callback: to be called after all polls are done once
+
+        before polling, parameters which need hardware initialisation are written
+        """
+        polled_modules = [m for m in modules if m.enablePoll]
+        if hasattr(self, 'registerReconnectCallback'):
+            # self is a communicator supporting reconnections
+            def trigger_all(trg=self.triggerPoll, polled_modules=polled_modules):
+                for m in polled_modules:
+                    m.pollInfo.last_main = 0
+                    m.pollInfo.last_slow = 0
+                trg.set()
+            self.registerReconnectCallback('trigger_polls', trigger_all)
+
+        # collect all read functions
+        for mobj in polled_modules:
+            pinfo = mobj.pollInfo = PollInfo(mobj.pollinterval, self.triggerPoll)
+            # trigger a poll interval change when self.pollinterval changes.
+            if 'pollinterval' in mobj.paramCallbacks:
+                mobj.addCallback('pollinterval', pinfo.update_interval)
+
+            for pname, pobj in mobj.parameters.items():
+                rfunc = getattr(mobj, 'read_' + pname)
+                if rfunc.poll:
+                    pinfo.polled_parameters.append((mobj, rfunc, pobj))
+        while True:
+            try:
+                for mobj in modules:
+                    # TODO when needed: here we might add a call to a method :meth:`beforeWriteInit`
+                    mobj.writeInitParams()
+                    mobj.initialReads()
+                # call all read functions a first time
+                for m in polled_modules:
+                    for mobj, rfunc, _ in m.pollInfo.polled_parameters:
+                        mobj.callPollFunc(rfunc, raise_com_failed=True)
+                # TODO when needed: here we might add calls to a method :meth:`afterInitPolls`
+                break
+            except CommunicationFailedError as e:
+                # when communication failed, probably all parameters and may be more modules are affected.
+                # as this would take a lot of time (summed up timeouts), we do not continue
+                # trying and let the server accept connections, further polls might success later
+                if started_callback:
+                    self.log.error('communication failure on startup: %s', e)
+                    started_callback()
+                    started_callback = None
+            self.triggerPoll.wait(0.1)  # wait for reconnection or max 10 sec.
+            break
+        if started_callback:
+            started_callback()
+        if not polled_modules:  # no polls needed - exit thread
+            return
+        to_poll = ()
+        while True:
+            now = time.time()
+            wait_time = 999
+            for mobj in modules:
+                pinfo = mobj.pollInfo
+                wait_time = min(pinfo.last_main + pinfo.interval - now, wait_time,
+                                pinfo.last_slow + mobj.slowinterval - now)
+            if wait_time > 0 and not to_poll:
+                # nothing to do
+                self.triggerPoll.wait(wait_time)
+                self.triggerPoll.clear()
+                continue
+            # call doPoll of all modules where due
+            for mobj in modules:
+                pinfo = mobj.pollInfo
+                if now > pinfo.last_main + pinfo.interval:
+                    try:
+                        pinfo.last_main = (now // pinfo.interval) * pinfo.interval
+                    except ZeroDivisionError:
+                        pinfo.last_main = now
+                    mobj.callPollFunc(mobj.doPoll)
+                now = time.time()
+            # find ONE due slow poll and call it
+            loop = True
+            while loop:  # loops max. 2 times, when to_poll is at end
+                for mobj, rfunc, pobj in to_poll:
+                    if now > pobj.timestamp + mobj.slowinterval * 0.5:
+                        mobj.callPollFunc(rfunc)
+                        loop = False  # one poll done
+                        break
+                else:
+                    to_poll = []
+                    # collect due slow polls
+                    for mobj in modules:
+                        pinfo = mobj.pollInfo
+                        if now > pinfo.last_slow + mobj.slowinterval:
+                            to_poll.extend(pinfo.polled_parameters)
+                            pinfo.last_slow = (now // mobj.slowinterval) * mobj.slowinterval
+                    if to_poll:
+                        to_poll = iter(to_poll)
+                    else:
+                        loop = False  # no slow polls ready
+
+    def writeInitParams(self):
+        """write values for parameters with configured values
+
+        - does proper error handling
+
+        called at the beginning of the poller thread and for writing persistent values
+        """
+        for pname in list(self.writeDict):
+            value = self.writeDict.pop(pname, Done)
+            # in the mean time, a poller or handler might already have done it
+            if value is not Done:
+                wfunc = getattr(self, 'write_' + pname, None)
+                if wfunc is None:
+                    setattr(self, pname, value)
+                else:
+                    try:
+                        self.log.debug('initialize parameter %s', pname)
+                        wfunc(value)
+                    except SECoPError as e:
+                        if e.silent:
+                            self.log.debug('%s: %s', pname, str(e))
+                        else:
+                            self.log.error('%s: %s', pname, str(e))
+                    except Exception:
+                        self.log.error(formatException())
+
+    def setRemoteLogging(self, conn, level, send_log):
+        if self.remoteLogHandler is None:
+            for handler in self.log.handlers:
+                if isinstance(handler, RemoteLogHandler):
+                    handler.send_log = send_log
+                    self.remoteLogHandler = handler
+                    break
+            else:
+                raise ValueError('remote handler not found')
+        self.remoteLogHandler.set_conn_level(self.name, conn, level)
+
+    def checkLimits(self, value, pname='target'):
+        """check for limits
+
+        :param value: the value to be checked for <pname>_min <= value <= <pname>_max
+        :param pname: parameter name, default is 'target'
+
+        raises RangeError in case the value is not valid
+
+        This method is called automatically and needs therefore rarely to be
+        called by the programmer. It might be used in a check_<param> method,
+        when no automatic super call is desired.
+        """
+        try:
+            min_, max_ = getattr(self, pname + '_limits')
+            if not min_ <= value <= max_:
+                raise RangeError(f'{pname} outside {pname}_limits')
+            return
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        min_ = getattr(self, pname + '_min', float('-inf'))
+        max_ = getattr(self, pname + '_max', float('inf'))
+        if min_ > max_:
+            raise RangeError(f'invalid limits: {pname}_min > {pname}_max')
+        if value < min_:
+            raise RangeError(f'{pname} below {pname}_min')
+        if value > max_:
+            raise RangeError(f'{pname} above {pname}_max')

frappy/modules.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -18,842 +17,26 @@
 # Module authors:
 #   Enrico Faulhaber <enrico.faulhaber@frm2.tum.de>
 #   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+#   Alexander Zaft <a.zaft@fz-juelich.de>
 #
 # *****************************************************************************
 """Define base classes for real Modules implemented in the server"""
 
 
-import time
-import threading
-from collections import OrderedDict
-
-from frappy.datatypes import ArrayOf, BoolType, EnumType, FloatRange, \
-    IntRange, StatusType, StringType, TextType, TupleOf, \
-    NoneOr
-from frappy.errors import BadValueError, CommunicationFailedError, ConfigError, \
-    ProgrammingError, SECoPError, secop_error, RangeError
-from frappy.lib import formatException, mkthread, UniqueObject
+from frappy.datatypes import FloatRange, \
+    StatusType, StringType
+from frappy.errors import ConfigError, ProgrammingError
 from frappy.lib.enum import Enum
-from frappy.params import Accessible, Command, Parameter, Limit
-from frappy.properties import HasProperties, Property
-from frappy.logging import RemoteLogHandler, HasComlog
+from frappy.params import Command, Parameter
+from frappy.properties import Property
+from frappy.logging import HasComlog
 
-Done = UniqueObject('Done')
-"""a special return value for a read_<param>/write_<param> method
-
-indicating that the setter is triggered already"""
-
-wrapperClasses = {}
-
-
-class HasAccessibles(HasProperties):
-    """base class of Module
-
-    joining the class's properties, parameters and commands dicts with
-    those of base classes.
-    wrap read_*/write_* methods
-    (so the dispatcher will get notified of changed values)
-    """
-    isWrapped = False
-    checkedMethods = set()
-
-    @classmethod
-    def __init_subclass__(cls):  # pylint: disable=too-many-branches
-        super().__init_subclass__()
-        if cls.isWrapped:
-            return
-        # merge accessibles from all sub-classes, treat overrides
-        # for now, allow to use also the old syntax (parameters/commands dict)
-        accessibles = OrderedDict()  # dict of accessibles
-        merged_properties = {}  # dict of dict of merged properties
-        new_names = []  # list of names of new accessibles
-        override_values = {}  # bare values overriding a parameter and methods overriding a command
-
-        for base in reversed(cls.__mro__):
-            for key, value in base.__dict__.items():
-                if isinstance(value, Accessible):
-                    value.updateProperties(merged_properties.setdefault(key, {}))
-                    if base == cls and key not in accessibles:
-                        new_names.append(key)
-                    accessibles[key] = value
-                    override_values.pop(key, None)
-                elif key in accessibles:
-                    override_values[key] = value
-        for aname, aobj in list(accessibles.items()):
-            if aname in override_values:
-                aobj = aobj.copy()
-                value = override_values[aname]
-                if value is None:
-                    accessibles.pop(aname)
-                    continue
-                aobj.merge(merged_properties[aname])
-                aobj.override(value)
-                # replace the bare value by the created accessible
-                setattr(cls, aname, aobj)
-            else:
-                aobj.merge(merged_properties[aname])
-            accessibles[aname] = aobj
-
-        # rebuild order: (1) inherited items, (2) items from paramOrder, (3) new accessibles
-        # move (2) to the end
-        paramOrder = cls.__dict__.get('paramOrder', ())
-        for aname in paramOrder:
-            if aname in accessibles:
-                accessibles.move_to_end(aname)
-                # ignore unknown names
-        # move (3) to the end
-        for aname in new_names:
-            if aname not in paramOrder:
-                accessibles.move_to_end(aname)
-        # note: for python < 3.6 the order of inherited items is not ensured between
-        # declarations within the same class
-        cls.accessibles = accessibles
-
-        cls.wrappedAttributes = {'isWrapped': True}
-        # create wrappers for access methods
-        wrapped_name = '_' + cls.__name__
-        for pname, pobj in accessibles.items():
-            # wrap of reading/writing funcs
-            if not isinstance(pobj, Parameter):
-                # nothing to do for Commands
-                continue
-
-            rname = 'read_' + pname
-            rfunc = getattr(cls, rname, None)
-            # create wrapper
-            if rfunc:
-
-                def new_rfunc(self, pname=pname, rfunc=rfunc):
-                    with self.accessLock:
-                        try:
-                            value = rfunc(self)
-                            self.log.debug("read_%s returned %r", pname, value)
-                            if value is Done:  # TODO: to be removed when all code using Done is updated
-                                return getattr(self, pname)
-                            pobj = self.accessibles[pname]
-                            value = pobj.datatype(value)
-                        except Exception as e:
-                            self.log.debug("read_%s failed with %r", pname, e)
-                            if isinstance(e, SECoPError):
-                                e.raising_methods.append(f'{self.name}.read_{pname}')
-                            self.announceUpdate(pname, err=e)
-                            raise
-                        self.announceUpdate(pname, value, validate=False)
-                        return value
-
-                new_rfunc.poll = getattr(rfunc, 'poll', True)
-            else:
-
-                def new_rfunc(self, pname=pname):
-                    return getattr(self, pname)
-
-                new_rfunc.poll = False
-
-            new_rfunc.__name__ = rname
-            new_rfunc.__qualname__ = wrapped_name + '.' + rname
-            new_rfunc.__module__ = cls.__module__
-            cls.wrappedAttributes[rname] = new_rfunc
-
-            cname = 'check_' + pname
-            for postfix in ('_limits', '_min', '_max'):
-                limname = pname + postfix
-                if limname in accessibles:
-                    # find the base class, where the parameter <limname> is defined first.
-                    # we have to check all bases, as they may not be treated yet when
-                    # not inheriting from HasAccessibles
-                    base = next(b for b in reversed(cls.__mro__) if limname in b.__dict__)
-                    if cname not in base.__dict__:
-                        # there is no check method yet at this class
-                        # add check function to the class where the limit was defined
-                        setattr(base, cname, lambda self, value, pname=pname: self.checkLimits(value, pname))
-
-            cfuncs = tuple(filter(None, (b.__dict__.get(cname) for b in cls.__mro__)))
-            wname = 'write_' + pname
-            wfunc = getattr(cls, wname, None)
-            if wfunc or not pobj.readonly:
-                # allow write method even when parameter is readonly, but internally writable
-
-                def new_wfunc(self, value, pname=pname, wfunc=wfunc, check_funcs=cfuncs):
-                    with self.accessLock:
-                        self.log.debug('validate %r to datatype of %r', value, pname)
-                        validate = self.parameters[pname].datatype.validate
-                        try:
-                            new_value = validate(value)
-                            for c in check_funcs:
-                                if c(self, value):
-                                    break
-                            if wfunc:
-                                new_value = wfunc(self, new_value)
-                                self.log.debug('write_%s(%r) returned %r', pname, value, new_value)
-                                if new_value is Done:  # TODO: to be removed when all code using Done is updated
-                                    return getattr(self, pname)
-                                new_value = value if new_value is None else validate(new_value)
-                        except Exception as e:
-                            if isinstance(e, SECoPError):
-                                e.raising_methods.append(f'{self.name}.write_{pname}')
-                            self.announceUpdate(pname, err=e)
-                            raise
-                        self.announceUpdate(pname, new_value, validate=False)
-                        return new_value
-
-                new_wfunc.__name__ = wname
-                new_wfunc.__qualname__ = wrapped_name + '.' + wname
-                new_wfunc.__module__ = cls.__module__
-                cls.wrappedAttributes[wname] = new_wfunc
-
-        cls.checkedMethods.update(cls.wrappedAttributes)
-
-        # check for programming errors
-        for attrname in dir(cls):
-            prefix, _, pname = attrname.partition('_')
-            if not pname:
-                continue
-            if prefix == 'do':
-                raise ProgrammingError(f'{cls.__name__!r}: old style command {attrname!r} not supported anymore')
-            if prefix in ('read', 'write') and attrname not in cls.checkedMethods:
-                raise ProgrammingError(f'{cls.__name__}.{attrname} defined, but {pname!r} is no parameter')
-
-        try:
-            # update Status type
-            cls.Status = cls.status.datatype.members[0]._enum
-        except AttributeError:
-            pass
-        res = {}
-        # collect info about properties
-        for pn, pv in cls.propertyDict.items():
-            if pv.settable:
-                res[pn] = pv
-        # collect info about parameters and their properties
-        for param, pobj in cls.accessibles.items():
-            res[param] = {}
-            for pn, pv in pobj.getProperties().items():
-                if pv.settable:
-                    res[param][pn] = pv
-        cls.configurables = res
-
-    def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
-        wrapper_class = wrapperClasses.get(cls)
-        if wrapper_class is None:
-            wrapper_class = type('_' + cls.__name__, (cls,), cls.wrappedAttributes)
-            wrapperClasses[cls] = wrapper_class
-        return super().__new__(wrapper_class)
-
-
-class Feature(HasAccessibles):
-    """all things belonging to a small, predefined functionality influencing the working of a module
-
-    a mixin with Feature as a direct base class is recognized as a SECoP feature
-    and reported in the module property 'features'
-    """
-
-
-class PollInfo:
-    def __init__(self, pollinterval, trigger_event):
-        self.interval = pollinterval
-        self.last_main = 0
-        self.last_slow = 0
-        self.pending_errors = set()
-        self.polled_parameters = []
-        self.fast_flag = False
-        self.trigger_event = trigger_event
-
-    def trigger(self, immediate=False):
-        """trigger a recalculation of poll due times
-
-        :param immediate: when True, doPoll should be called as soon as possible
-        """
-        if immediate:
-            self.last_main = 0
-        self.trigger_event.set()
-
-    def update_interval(self, pollinterval):
-        if not self.fast_flag:
-            self.interval = pollinterval
-            self.trigger()
-
-
-class Module(HasAccessibles):
-    """basic module
-
-    all SECoP modules derive from this.
-
-    :param name: the modules name
-    :param logger: a logger instance
-    :param cfgdict: the dict from this modules section in the config file
-    :param srv: the server instance
-
-    Notes:
-
-    - the programmer normally should not need to reimplement :meth:`__init__`
-    - within modules, parameters should only be addressed as ``self.<pname>``,
-      i.e. ``self.value``, ``self.target`` etc...
-
-      - these are accessing the cached version.
-      - they can also be written to, generating an async update
-
-    - if you want to 'update from the hardware', call ``self.read_<pname>()`` instead
-
-      - the return value of this method will be used as the new cached value and
-        be an async update sent automatically.
-
-    - if you want to 'update the hardware' call ``self.write_<pname>(<new value>)``.
-
-      - The return value of this method will also update the cache.
-
-    """
-    # static properties, definitions in derived classes should overwrite earlier ones.
-    # note: properties don't change after startup and are usually filled
-    #       with data from a cfg file...
-    # note: only the properties predefined here are allowed to be set in the cfg file
-    export = Property('flag if this module is to be exported', BoolType(), default=True, export=False)
-    group = Property('optional group the module belongs to', StringType(), default='', extname='group')
-    description = Property('description of the module', TextType(), extname='description', mandatory=True)
-    meaning = Property('optional meaning indicator', TupleOf(StringType(), IntRange(0, 50)),
-                       default=('', 0), extname='meaning')
-    visibility = Property('optional visibility hint', EnumType('visibility', user=1, advanced=2, expert=3),
-                          default='user', extname='visibility')
-    implementation = Property('internal name of the implementation class of the module', StringType(),
-                              extname='implementation')
-    interface_classes = Property('offical highest interface-class of the module', ArrayOf(StringType()),
-                                 extname='interface_classes')
-    features = Property('list of features', ArrayOf(StringType()), extname='features')
-    pollinterval = Property('poll interval for parameters handled by doPoll', FloatRange(0.1, 120), default=5)
-    slowinterval = Property('poll interval for other parameters', FloatRange(0.1, 120), default=15)
-    omit_unchanged_within = Property('default for minimum time between updates of unchanged values',
-                                     NoneOr(FloatRange(0)), export=False, default=None)
-    enablePoll = True
-
-    # properties, parameters and commands are auto-merged upon subclassing
-    parameters = {}
-    commands = {}
-
-    # reference to the dispatcher (used for sending async updates)
-    DISPATCHER = None
-    pollInfo = None
-    triggerPoll = None  # trigger event for polls. used on io modules and modules without io
-
-    def __init__(self, name, logger, cfgdict, srv):
-        # remember the dispatcher object (for the async callbacks)
-        self.DISPATCHER = srv.dispatcher
-        self.log = logger
-        self.name = name
-        self.valueCallbacks = {}
-        self.errorCallbacks = {}
-        self.earlyInitDone = False
-        self.initModuleDone = False
-        self.startModuleDone = False
-        self.remoteLogHandler = None
-        self.accessLock = threading.RLock()  # for read_* / write_* methods
-        self.updateLock = threading.RLock()  # for announceUpdate
-        self.polledModules = []  # modules polled by thread started in self.startModules
-        self.attachedModules = {}
-        errors = []
-        self._isinitialized = False
-
-        # handle module properties
-        # 1) make local copies of properties
-        super().__init__()
-
-        # 2) check and apply properties specified in cfgdict as
-        # '<propertyname> = <propertyvalue>'
-        # pylint: disable=consider-using-dict-items
-        for key in self.propertyDict:
-            value = cfgdict.pop(key, None)
-            if value is not None:
-                try:
-                    if isinstance(value, dict):
-                        self.setProperty(key, value['value'])
-                    else:
-                        self.setProperty(key, value)
-                except BadValueError:
-                    errors.append(f'{key}: value {value!r} does not match {self.propertyDict[key].datatype!r}!')
-
-        # 3) set automatic properties
-        mycls, = self.__class__.__bases__  # skip the wrapper class
-        myclassname = f'{mycls.__module__}.{mycls.__name__}'
-        self.implementation = myclassname
-        # list of all 'secop' modules
-        # self.interface_classes = [
-        #    b.__name__ for b in mycls.__mro__ if b.__module__.startswith('frappy.modules')]
-        # list of only the 'highest' secop module class
-        self.interface_classes = [
-            b.__name__ for b in mycls.__mro__ if b in SECoP_BASE_CLASSES][:1]
-
-        # handle Features
-        self.features = [b.__name__ for b in mycls.__mro__ if Feature in b.__bases__]
-
-        # handle accessibles
-        # 1) make local copies of parameter objects
-        #    they need to be individual per instance since we use them also
-        #    to cache the current value + qualifiers...
-        accessibles = {}
-        # conversion from exported names to internal attribute names
-        accessiblename2attr = {}
-        for aname, aobj in self.accessibles.items():
-            # make a copy of the Parameter/Command object
-            aobj = aobj.copy()
-            if not self.export:  # do not export parameters of a module not exported
-                aobj.export = False
-            if aobj.export:
-                accessiblename2attr[aobj.export] = aname
-            accessibles[aname] = aobj
-        # do not re-use self.accessibles as this is the same for all instances
-        self.accessibles = accessibles
-        self.accessiblename2attr = accessiblename2attr
-        # provide properties to 'filter' out the parameters/commands
-        self.parameters = {k: v for k, v in accessibles.items() if isinstance(v, Parameter)}
-        self.commands = {k: v for k, v in accessibles.items() if isinstance(v, Command)}
-
-        # 2) check and apply parameter_properties
-        bad = []
-        for aname, cfg in cfgdict.items():
-            aobj = self.accessibles.get(aname, None)
-            if aobj:
-                try:
-                    for propname, propvalue in cfg.items():
-                        aobj.setProperty(propname, propvalue)
-                except KeyError:
-                    errors.append(f"'{aname}' has no property '{propname}'")
-                except BadValueError as e:
-                    errors.append(f'{aname}.{propname}: {str(e)}')
-            else:
-                bad.append(aname)
-
-        # 3) complain about names not found as accessible or property names
-        if bad:
-            errors.append(
-                f"{', '.join(bad)} does not exist (use one of {', '.join(list(self.accessibles) + list(self.propertyDict))})")
-        # 4) register value for writing, if given
-        #    apply default when no value is given (in cfg or as Parameter argument)
-        #    or complain, when cfg is needed
-        self.writeDict = {}  # values of parameters to be written
-        for pname, pobj in self.parameters.items():
-            self.valueCallbacks[pname] = []
-            self.errorCallbacks[pname] = []
-
-            if isinstance(pobj, Limit):
-                basepname = pname.rpartition('_')[0]
-                baseparam = self.parameters.get(basepname)
-                if not baseparam:
-                    errors.append(f'limit {pname!r} is given, but not {basepname!r}')
-                    continue
-                if baseparam.datatype is None:
-                    continue  # an error will be reported on baseparam
-                pobj.set_datatype(baseparam.datatype)
-
-            if not pobj.hasDatatype():
-                errors.append(f'{pname} needs a datatype')
-                continue
-
-            if pobj.value is None:
-                if pobj.needscfg:
-                    errors.append(f'{pname!r} has no default value and was not given in config!')
-                if pobj.default is None:
-                    # we do not want to call the setter for this parameter for now,
-                    # this should happen on the first read
-                    pobj.readerror = ConfigError(f'parameter {pname!r} not initialized')
-                    # above error will be triggered on activate after startup,
-                    # when not all hardware parameters are read because of startup timeout
-                    pobj.default = pobj.datatype.default
-                pobj.value = pobj.default
-            else:
-                # value given explicitly, either by cfg or as Parameter argument
-                pobj.given = True  # for PersistentMixin
-                if hasattr(self, 'write_' + pname):
-                    self.writeDict[pname] = pobj.value
-                if pobj.default is None:
-                    pobj.default = pobj.value
-                # this checks again for datatype and sets the timestamp
-                setattr(self, pname, pobj.value)
-
-        # 5) ensure consistency
-        for aobj in self.accessibles.values():
-            aobj.finish(self)
-
-        # Modify units AFTER applying the cfgdict
-        mainvalue = self.parameters.get('value')
-        if mainvalue:
-            mainunit = mainvalue.datatype.unit
-            if mainunit:
-                self.applyMainUnit(mainunit)
-
-        # 6) check complete configuration of * properties
-        if not errors:
-            try:
-                self.checkProperties()
-            except ConfigError as e:
-                errors.append(str(e))
-            for aname, aobj in self.accessibles.items():
-                try:
-                    aobj.checkProperties()
-                except (ConfigError, ProgrammingError) as e:
-                    errors.append(f'{aname}: {e}')
-        if errors:
-            raise ConfigError(errors)
-
-    # helper cfg-editor
-    def __iter__(self):
-        return self.accessibles.__iter__()
-
-    def __getitem__(self, item):
-        return self.accessibles.__getitem__(item)
-
-    def applyMainUnit(self, mainunit):
-        """replace $ in units of parameters by mainunit"""
-        for pobj in self.parameters.values():
-            pobj.datatype.set_main_unit(mainunit)
-
-    def announceUpdate(self, pname, value=None, err=None, timestamp=None, validate=True):
-        """announce a changed value or readerror
-
-        :param pname: parameter name
-        :param value: new value or None in case of error
-        :param err: None or an exception
-        :param timestamp: a timestamp or None for taking current time
-        :param validate: True: convert to datatype, in case of error store in readerror
-        :return:
-
-        when err=None and validate=False, the value must already be converted to the datatype
-        """
-
-        with self.updateLock:
-            pobj = self.parameters[pname]
-            timestamp = timestamp or time.time()
-            if not err:
-                try:
-                    if validate:
-                        value = pobj.datatype(value)
-                except Exception as e:
-                    err = e
-                else:
-                    changed = pobj.value != value
-                    # store the value even in case of error
-                    pobj.value = value
-            if err:
-                if secop_error(err) == pobj.readerror:
-                    err.report_error = False
-                    return  # no updates for repeated errors
-                err = secop_error(err)
-            elif not changed and timestamp < (pobj.timestamp or 0) + pobj.omit_unchanged_within:
-                # no change within short time -> omit
-                return
-            pobj.timestamp = timestamp or time.time()
-            if err:
-                callbacks = self.errorCallbacks
-                pobj.readerror = arg = err
-            else:
-                callbacks = self.valueCallbacks
-                arg = value
-                pobj.readerror = None
-            if pobj.export:
-                self.DISPATCHER.announce_update(self.name, pname, pobj)
-            cblist = callbacks[pname]
-            for cb in cblist:
-                try:
-                    cb(arg)
-                except Exception:
-                    # print(formatExtendedTraceback())
-                    pass
-
-    def registerCallbacks(self, modobj, autoupdate=()):
-        """register callbacks to another module <modobj>
-
-        - whenever a self.<param> changes:
-          <modobj>.update_<param> is called with the new value as argument.
-          If this method raises an exception, <modobj>.<param> gets into an error state.
-          If the method does not exist and <param> is in autoupdate,
-          <modobj>.<param> is updated to self.<param>
-        - whenever <self>.<param> gets into an error state:
-          <modobj>.error_update_<param> is called with the exception as argument.
-          If this method raises an error, <modobj>.<param> gets into an error state.
-          If this method does not exist, and <param> is in autoupdate,
-          <modobj>.<param> gets into the same error state as self.<param>
-        """
-        for pname in self.parameters:
-            errfunc = getattr(modobj, 'error_update_' + pname, None)
-            if errfunc:
-                def errcb(err, p=pname, efunc=errfunc):
-                    try:
-                        efunc(err)
-                    except Exception as e:
-                        modobj.announceUpdate(p, err=e)
-                self.errorCallbacks[pname].append(errcb)
-            else:
-                def errcb(err, p=pname):
-                    modobj.announceUpdate(p, err=err)
-                if pname in autoupdate:
-                    self.errorCallbacks[pname].append(errcb)
-
-            updfunc = getattr(modobj, 'update_' + pname, None)
-            if updfunc:
-                def cb(value, ufunc=updfunc, efunc=errcb):
-                    try:
-                        ufunc(value)
-                    except Exception as e:
-                        efunc(e)
-                self.valueCallbacks[pname].append(cb)
-            elif pname in autoupdate:
-                def cb(value, p=pname):
-                    modobj.announceUpdate(p, value)
-                self.valueCallbacks[pname].append(cb)
-
-    def isBusy(self, status=None):
-        """helper function for treating substates of BUSY correctly"""
-        # defined even for non drivable (used for dynamic polling)
-        return False
-
-    def earlyInit(self):
-        """initialise module with stuff to be done before all modules are created"""
-        self.earlyInitDone = True
-
-    def initModule(self):
-        """initialise module with stuff to be done after all modules are created"""
-        self.initModuleDone = True
-        if self.enablePoll or self.writeDict:
-            # enablePoll == False: we still need the poll thread for writing values from writeDict
-            if hasattr(self, 'io'):
-                self.io.polledModules.append(self)
-            else:
-                self.triggerPoll = threading.Event()
-                self.polledModules.append(self)
-
-    def startModule(self, start_events):
-        """runs after init of all modules
-
-        when a thread is started, a trigger function may signal that it
-        has finished its initial work
-        start_events.get_trigger(<timeout>) creates such a trigger and
-        registers it in the server for waiting
-        <timeout> defaults to 30 seconds
-        """
-        if self.polledModules:
-            mkthread(self.__pollThread, self.polledModules, start_events.get_trigger())
-        self.startModuleDone = True
-
-    def initialReads(self):
-        """initial reads to be done
-
-        override to read initial values from HW, when it is not desired
-        to poll them afterwards
-
-        called from the poll thread, after writeInitParams but before
-        all parameters are polled once
-        """
-
-    def shutdownModule(self):
-        """called when the sever shuts down
-
-        any cleanup-work should be performed here, like closing threads and
-        saving data.
-        """
-
-    def doPoll(self):
-        """polls important parameters like value and status
-
-        all other parameters are polled automatically
-        """
-
-    def setFastPoll(self, flag, fast_interval=0.25):
-        """change poll interval
-
-        :param flag: enable/disable fast poll mode
-        :param fast_interval: fast poll interval
-        """
-        if self.pollInfo:
-            self.pollInfo.fast_flag = flag
-            self.pollInfo.interval = fast_interval if flag else self.pollinterval
-            self.pollInfo.trigger()
-
-    def callPollFunc(self, rfunc, raise_com_failed=False):
-        """call read method with proper error handling"""
-        try:
-            rfunc()
-            if rfunc.__name__ in self.pollInfo.pending_errors:
-                self.log.info('%s: o.k.', rfunc.__name__)
-                self.pollInfo.pending_errors.discard(rfunc.__name__)
-        except Exception as e:
-            if getattr(e, 'report_error', True):
-                name = rfunc.__name__
-                self.pollInfo.pending_errors.add(name)  # trigger o.k. message after error is resolved
-                if isinstance(e, SECoPError):
-                    e.raising_methods.append(name)
-                    if e.silent:
-                        self.log.debug('%s', e.format(False))
-                    else:
-                        self.log.error('%s', e.format(False))
-                    if raise_com_failed and isinstance(e, CommunicationFailedError):
-                        raise
-                else:
-                    # not a SECoPError: this is proabably a programming error
-                    # we want to log the traceback
-                    self.log.error('%s', formatException())
-
-    def __pollThread(self, modules, started_callback):
-        """poll thread body
-
-        :param modules: list of modules to be handled by this thread
-        :param started_callback: to be called after all polls are done once
-
-        before polling, parameters which need hardware initialisation are written
-        """
-        polled_modules = [m for m in modules if m.enablePoll]
-        if hasattr(self, 'registerReconnectCallback'):
-            # self is a communicator supporting reconnections
-            def trigger_all(trg=self.triggerPoll, polled_modules=polled_modules):
-                for m in polled_modules:
-                    m.pollInfo.last_main = 0
-                    m.pollInfo.last_slow = 0
-                trg.set()
-            self.registerReconnectCallback('trigger_polls', trigger_all)
-
-        # collect all read functions
-        for mobj in polled_modules:
-            pinfo = mobj.pollInfo = PollInfo(mobj.pollinterval, self.triggerPoll)
-            # trigger a poll interval change when self.pollinterval changes.
-            if 'pollinterval' in mobj.valueCallbacks:
-                mobj.valueCallbacks['pollinterval'].append(pinfo.update_interval)
-
-            for pname, pobj in mobj.parameters.items():
-                rfunc = getattr(mobj, 'read_' + pname)
-                if rfunc.poll:
-                    pinfo.polled_parameters.append((mobj, rfunc, pobj))
-        while True:
-            try:
-                for mobj in modules:
-                    # TODO when needed: here we might add a call to a method :meth:`beforeWriteInit`
-                    mobj.writeInitParams()
-                    mobj.initialReads()
-                # call all read functions a first time
-                for m in polled_modules:
-                    for mobj, rfunc, _ in m.pollInfo.polled_parameters:
-                        mobj.callPollFunc(rfunc, raise_com_failed=True)
-                # TODO when needed: here we might add calls to a method :meth:`afterInitPolls`
-                break
-            except CommunicationFailedError as e:
-                # when communication failed, probably all parameters and may be more modules are affected.
-                # as this would take a lot of time (summed up timeouts), we do not continue
-                # trying and let the server accept connections, further polls might success later
-                if started_callback:
-                    self.log.error('communication failure on startup: %s', e)
-                    started_callback()
-                    started_callback = None
-            self.triggerPoll.wait(0.1)  # wait for reconnection or max 10 sec.
-            break
-        if started_callback:
-            started_callback()
-        if not polled_modules:  # no polls needed - exit thread
-            return
-        to_poll = ()
-        while True:
-            now = time.time()
-            wait_time = 999
-            for mobj in modules:
-                pinfo = mobj.pollInfo
-                wait_time = min(pinfo.last_main + pinfo.interval - now, wait_time,
-                                pinfo.last_slow + mobj.slowinterval - now)
-            if wait_time > 0 and not to_poll:
-                # nothing to do
-                self.triggerPoll.wait(wait_time)
-                self.triggerPoll.clear()
-                continue
-            # call doPoll of all modules where due
-            for mobj in modules:
-                pinfo = mobj.pollInfo
-                if now > pinfo.last_main + pinfo.interval:
-                    try:
-                        pinfo.last_main = (now // pinfo.interval) * pinfo.interval
-                    except ZeroDivisionError:
-                        pinfo.last_main = now
-                    mobj.callPollFunc(mobj.doPoll)
-                now = time.time()
-            # find ONE due slow poll and call it
-            loop = True
-            while loop:  # loops max. 2 times, when to_poll is at end
-                for mobj, rfunc, pobj in to_poll:
-                    if now > pobj.timestamp + mobj.slowinterval * 0.5:
-                        mobj.callPollFunc(rfunc)
-                        loop = False  # one poll done
-                        break
-                else:
-                    to_poll = []
-                    # collect due slow polls
-                    for mobj in modules:
-                        pinfo = mobj.pollInfo
-                        if now > pinfo.last_slow + mobj.slowinterval:
-                            to_poll.extend(pinfo.polled_parameters)
-                            pinfo.last_slow = (now // mobj.slowinterval) * mobj.slowinterval
-                    if to_poll:
-                        to_poll = iter(to_poll)
-                    else:
-                        loop = False  # no slow polls ready
-
-    def writeInitParams(self):
-        """write values for parameters with configured values
-
-        - does proper error handling
-
-        called at the beginning of the poller thread and for writing persistent values
-        """
-        for pname in list(self.writeDict):
-            value = self.writeDict.pop(pname, Done)
-            # in the mean time, a poller or handler might already have done it
-            if value is not Done:
-                wfunc = getattr(self, 'write_' + pname, None)
-                if wfunc is None:
-                    setattr(self, pname, value)
-                else:
-                    try:
-                        self.log.debug('initialize parameter %s', pname)
-                        wfunc(value)
-                    except SECoPError as e:
-                        if e.silent:
-                            self.log.debug('%s: %s', pname, str(e))
-                        else:
-                            self.log.error('%s: %s', pname, str(e))
-                    except Exception:
-                        self.log.error(formatException())
-
-    def setRemoteLogging(self, conn, level):
-        if self.remoteLogHandler is None:
-            for handler in self.log.handlers:
-                if isinstance(handler, RemoteLogHandler):
-                    self.remoteLogHandler = handler
-                    break
-            else:
-                raise ValueError('remote handler not found')
-        self.remoteLogHandler.set_conn_level(self, conn, level)
-
-    def checkLimits(self, value, pname='target'):
-        """check for limits
-
-        :param value: the value to be checked for <pname>_min <= value <= <pname>_max
-        :param pname: parameter name, default is 'target'
-
-        raises RangeError in case the value is not valid
-
-        This method is called automatically and needs therefore rarely to be
-        called by the programmer. It might be used in a check_<param> method,
-        when no automatic super call is desired.
-        """
-        try:
-            min_, max_ = getattr(self, pname + '_limits')
-            if not min_ <= value <= max_:
-                raise RangeError(f'{pname} outside {pname}_limits')
-            return
-        except AttributeError:
-            pass
-        min_ = getattr(self, pname + '_min', float('-inf'))
-        max_ = getattr(self, pname + '_max', float('inf'))
-        if min_ > max_:
-            raise RangeError(f'invalid limits: {pname}_min > {pname}_max')
-        if value < min_:
-            raise RangeError(f'{pname} below {pname}_min')
-        if value > max_:
-            raise RangeError(f'{pname} above {pname}_max')
+from .modulebase import Module
 
 
 class Readable(Module):
     """basic readable module"""
+    # pylint: disable=invalid-name
     Status = Enum('Status',
                   IDLE=StatusType.IDLE,
                   WARN=StatusType.WARN,
@@ -910,7 +93,7 @@ class Drivable(Writable):
 
     @Command(None, result=None)
     def stop(self):
-        """cease driving, go to IDLE state"""
+        """not implemented - this is a no-op"""
 
 
 class Communicator(HasComlog, Module):
@@ -925,13 +108,18 @@ class Communicator(HasComlog, Module):
         """
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
+
 SECoP_BASE_CLASSES = {Readable, Writable, Drivable, Communicator}
 
+
 class Attached(Property):
     """a special property, defining an attached module
 
     assign a module name to this property in the cfg file,
     and the server will create an attribute with this module
+
+    When mandatory is set to False, and there is no value or an empty string
+    given in the config file, the value of the attribute will be None.
     """
     def __init__(self, basecls=Module, description='attached module', mandatory=True):
         self.basecls = basecls
@@ -940,13 +128,20 @@ class Attached(Property):
     def __get__(self, obj, owner):
         if obj is None:
             return self
-        if self.name not in obj.attachedModules:
-            modobj = obj.DISPATCHER.get_module(super().__get__(obj, owner))
+        modobj = obj.attachedModules.get(self.name)
+        if not modobj:
+            modulename = super().__get__(obj, owner)
+            if not modulename:
+                return None  # happens when mandatory=False and modulename is not given
+            modobj = obj.secNode.get_module(modulename)
+            if not modobj:
+                raise ConfigError(f'attached module {self.name}={modulename!r} '
+                                  f'does not exist')
             if not isinstance(modobj, self.basecls):
-                raise ConfigError(f'attached module {self.name}={modobj.name!r} '\
-                    f'must inherit from {self.basecls.__qualname__!r}')
+                raise ConfigError(f'attached module {self.name}={modobj.name!r} '
+                                  f'must inherit from {self.basecls.__qualname__!r}')
             obj.attachedModules[self.name] = modobj
-        return obj.attachedModules.get(self.name)  # return None if not given
+        return modobj
 
     def copy(self):
         return Attached(self.basecls, self.description, self.mandatory)

frappy/params.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -25,12 +24,12 @@
 
 import inspect
 
-from frappy.datatypes import BoolType, CommandType, DataType, \
-    DataTypeType, EnumType, NoneOr, OrType, FloatRange, \
-    StringType, StructOf, TextType, TupleOf, ValueType, ArrayOf
-from frappy.errors import BadValueError, WrongTypeError, ProgrammingError
-from frappy.properties import HasProperties, Property
+from frappy.datatypes import ArrayOf, BoolType, CommandType, DataType, \
+    DataTypeType, EnumType, FloatRange, NoneOr, OrType, StringType, StructOf, \
+    TextType, TupleOf, ValueType
+from frappy.errors import BadValueError, ProgrammingError, WrongTypeError
 from frappy.lib import generalConfig
+from frappy.properties import HasProperties, Property
 
 generalConfig.set_default('tolerate_poll_property', False)
 generalConfig.set_default('omit_unchanged_within', 0.1)
@@ -58,13 +57,17 @@ class Accessible(HasProperties):
     def as_dict(self):
         return self.propertyValues
 
-    def override(self, value):
-        """override with a bare value"""
+    def create_from_value(self, properties, value):
+        """return a clone with given value and inherited properties"""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def clone(self, properties, **kwds):
+        """return a clone of ourselfs with inherited properties"""
         raise NotImplementedError
 
     def copy(self):
         """return a (deep) copy of ourselfs"""
-        raise NotImplementedError
+        return self.clone(self.propertyValues)
 
     def updateProperties(self, merged_properties):
         """update merged_properties with our own properties"""
@@ -235,13 +238,15 @@ class Parameter(Accessible):
                 # avoid export=True overrides export=<name>
                 self.ownProperties['export'] = self.export
 
-    def copy(self):
-        """return a (deep) copy of ourselfs"""
-        res = type(self)()
+    def clone(self, properties, **kwds):
+        """return a clone of ourselfs with inherited properties"""
+        res = type(self)(**kwds)
         res.name = self.name
-        res.init(self.propertyValues)
+        res.init(properties)
+        res.init(res.ownProperties)
         if 'datatype' in self.propertyValues:
             res.datatype = res.datatype.copy()
+        res.finish()
         return res
 
     def updateProperties(self, merged_properties):
@@ -254,9 +259,9 @@ class Parameter(Accessible):
                     merged_properties.pop(key)
         merged_properties.update(self.ownProperties)
 
-    def override(self, value):
-        """override default"""
-        self.value = self.datatype(value)
+    def create_from_value(self, properties, value):
+        """return a clone with given value and inherited properties"""
+        return self.clone(properties, value=self.datatype(value))
 
     def merge(self, merged_properties):
         """merge with inherited properties
@@ -391,7 +396,7 @@ class Command(Accessible):
         else:
             # goodie: allow @Command instead of @Command()
             self.func = argument  # this is the wrapped method!
-            if argument.__doc__:
+            if argument.__doc__ is not None:
                 self.description = inspect.cleandoc(argument.__doc__)
             self.name = self.func.__name__  # this is probably not needed
         self._inherit = inherit  # save for __set_name__
@@ -428,38 +433,49 @@ class Command(Accessible):
 
     def __call__(self, func):
         """called when used as decorator"""
-        if 'description' not in self.propertyValues and func.__doc__:
+        if isinstance(self.argument, StructOf):
+            # automatically set optional struct members
+            sig = inspect.signature(func)
+            params = set(sig.parameters.keys())
+            params.discard('self')
+            members = set(self.argument.members)
+            if params != members:
+                raise ProgrammingError(f'Command {func.__name__}: Function'
+                                       f' argument names do not match struct'
+                                       f' members!: {params} != {members}')
+            self.argument.optional = [p for p,v in sig.parameters.items()
+                   if v.default is not inspect.Parameter.empty]
+        if 'description' not in self.ownProperties and func.__doc__ is not None:
             self.description = inspect.cleandoc(func.__doc__)
             self.ownProperties['description'] = self.description
         self.func = func
         return self
 
-    def copy(self):
-        """return a (deep) copy of ourselfs"""
-        res = type(self)()
+    def clone(self, properties, **kwds):
+        """return a clone of ourselfs with inherited properties"""
+        res = type(self)(**kwds)
         res.name = self.name
         res.func = self.func
-        res.init(self.propertyValues)
+        res.init(properties)
+        res.init(res.ownProperties)
         if res.argument:
             res.argument = res.argument.copy()
         if res.result:
             res.result = res.result.copy()
-        self.finish()
+        res.finish()
         return res
 
     def updateProperties(self, merged_properties):
         """update merged_properties with our own properties"""
         merged_properties.update(self.ownProperties)
 
-    def override(self, value):
-        """override method
+    def create_from_value(self, properties, value):
+        """return a clone with given value and inherited properties
 
         this is needed when the @Command is missing on a method overriding a command"""
         if not callable(value):
             raise ProgrammingError(f'{self.name} = {value!r} is overriding a Command')
-        self.func = value
-        if value.__doc__:
-            self.description = inspect.cleandoc(value.__doc__)
+        return self.clone(properties)(value)
 
     def merge(self, merged_properties):
         """merge with inherited properties
@@ -488,7 +504,7 @@ class Command(Accessible):
         """perform function call
 
         :param module_obj: the module on which the command is to be executed
-        :param argument: the argument from the do command
+        :param argument: the argument from the do command (transported value!)
         :returns: the return value converted to the result type
 
         - when the argument type is TupleOf, the function is called with multiple arguments
@@ -498,6 +514,15 @@ class Command(Accessible):
         # pylint: disable=unnecessary-dunder-call
         func = self.__get__(module_obj)
         if self.argument:
+            if argument is None:
+                raise WrongTypeError(
+                    f'{module_obj.__class__.__name__}.{self.name} needs an'
+                    f' argument of type {self.argument}!'
+                )
+            # convert transported value to internal value
+            argument = self.argument.import_value(argument)
+            # verify range
+            self.argument.validate(argument)
             if isinstance(self.argument, TupleOf):
                 res = func(*argument)
             elif isinstance(self.argument, StructOf):

frappy/parse.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/persistent.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -78,17 +77,14 @@ class PersistentMixin(Module):
         super().__init__(name, logger, cfgdict, srv)
         persistentdir = os.path.join(generalConfig.logdir, 'persistent')
         os.makedirs(persistentdir, exist_ok=True)
-        self.persistentFile = os.path.join(persistentdir, f'{self.DISPATCHER.equipment_id}.{self.name}.json')
+        self.persistentFile = os.path.join(persistentdir, f'{self.secNode.equipment_id}.{self.name}.json')
         self.initData = {}  # "factory" settings
         loaded = self.loadPersistentData()
-        for pname in self.parameters:
-            pobj = self.parameters[pname]
+        for pname, pobj in self.parameters.items():
             flag = getattr(pobj, 'persistent', False)
             if flag:
                 if flag == 'auto':
-                    def cb(value, m=self):
-                        m.saveParameters()
-                    self.valueCallbacks[pname].append(cb)
+                    self.addCallback(pname, self.saveParameters)
                 self.initData[pname] = pobj.value
                 if not pobj.given:
                     if pname in loaded:
@@ -131,16 +127,18 @@ class PersistentMixin(Module):
         self.writeInitParams()
         return loaded
 
-    def saveParameters(self):
+    def saveParameters(self, _=None):
         """save persistent parameters
 
         - to be called regularly explicitly by the module
         - the caller has to make sure that this is not called after
           a power down of the connected hardware before loadParameters
+
+        dummy argument to avoid closure for callback
         """
         if self.writeDict:
             # do not save before all values are written to the hw, as potentially
-            # factory default values were read in the mean time
+            # factory default values were read in the meantime
             return
         self.__save_params()
 

frappy/playground.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -70,8 +69,8 @@ class MainLogger:
         self.log = None
         self.console_handler = None
         mlzlog.setLoggerClass(mlzlog.MLZLogger)
-        assert self.log is None
-        self.log = mlzlog.log = mlzlog.MLZLogger('')
+        mlzlog.log = mlzlog.MLZLogger('')
+        self.log = mlzlog.log.getChild('')
         self.log.setLevel(mlzlog.DEBUG)
         self.log.addHandler(mlzlog.ColoredConsoleHandler())
         self.log.handlers[0].setLevel(LOG_LEVELS['comlog'])
@@ -82,20 +81,12 @@ class Dispatcher(dispatcher.Dispatcher):
         super().__init__(name, log, options, srv)
         self.log = srv.log  # overwrite child logger
 
-    def announce_update(self, modulename, pname, pobj):
+    def announce_update(self, moduleobj, pobj):
         if pobj.readerror:
             value = repr(pobj.readerror)
         else:
             value = pobj.value
-        logobj = self._modules.get(modulename, self)
-        # self.log.info('%s:%s %r', modulename, pname, value)
-        logobj.log.info('%s %r', pname, value)
-
-    def register_module(self, moduleobj, modulename, export=True):
-        self.log.info('registering %s', modulename)
-        super().register_module(moduleobj, modulename, export)
-        setattr(main, modulename, moduleobj)
-        self.get_module(modulename)
+        moduleobj.log.info('%s %r', pobj.name, value)
 
 
 logger = MainLogger()
@@ -119,6 +110,10 @@ class Playground(Server):
             merged_cfg.pop('node', None)
             self.module_cfg = merged_cfg
         self._processCfg()
+        for modulename, moduleobj in self.secnode.modules.items():
+            cls = type(moduleobj).__bases__[0]
+            moduleobj.log.info('created as %s.%s', cls.__module__, cls.__name__)
+            setattr(main, modulename, moduleobj)
 
 
 play = Playground()

frappy/properties.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -27,12 +26,11 @@ import inspect
 
 from frappy.errors import BadValueError, ConfigError, ProgrammingError
 from frappy.lib import UniqueObject
-from frappy.lib.py35compat import Object
 
 UNSET = UniqueObject('undefined value')  #: an unset value, not even None
 
 
-class HasDescriptors(Object):
+class HasDescriptors:
     @classmethod
     def __init_subclass__(cls):
         # when migrating old style declarations, sometimes the trailing comma is not removed

frappy/protocol/__init__.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/protocol/dispatcher.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -18,6 +17,7 @@
 # Module authors:
 #   Enrico Faulhaber <enrico.faulhaber@frm2.tum.de>
 #   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+#   Alexander Zaft <a.zaft@fz-juelich.de>
 #
 # *****************************************************************************
 """Dispatcher for SECoP Messages
@@ -29,28 +29,18 @@ Interface to the service offering part:
    on the connectionobj or on activated connections
  - 'add_connection(connectionobj)' registers new connection
  - 'remove_connection(connectionobj)' removes now longer functional connection
-
-Interface to the modules:
- - add_module(modulename, moduleobj, export=True) registers a new module under the
-   given name, may also register it for exporting (making accessible)
- - get_module(modulename) returns the requested module or None
- - remove_module(modulename_or_obj): removes the module (during shutdown)
-
 """
 
 import threading
-import traceback
-from collections import OrderedDict
 from time import time as currenttime
 
 from frappy.errors import NoSuchCommandError, NoSuchModuleError, \
-    NoSuchParameterError, ProtocolError, ReadOnlyError, ConfigError
+    NoSuchParameterError, ProtocolError, ReadOnlyError
 from frappy.params import Parameter
 from frappy.protocol.messages import COMMANDREPLY, DESCRIPTIONREPLY, \
     DISABLEEVENTSREPLY, ENABLEEVENTSREPLY, ERRORPREFIX, EVENTREPLY, \
-    HEARTBEATREPLY, IDENTREPLY, IDENTREQUEST, READREPLY, WRITEREPLY, \
-    LOGGING_REPLY, LOG_EVENT
-from frappy.lib import get_class
+    HEARTBEATREPLY, IDENTREPLY, IDENTREQUEST, LOG_EVENT, LOGGING_REPLY, \
+    READREPLY, WRITEREPLY
 
 
 def make_update(modulename, pobj):
@@ -71,10 +61,7 @@ class Dispatcher:
             self.nodeprops[k] = options.pop(k)
 
         self.log = logger
-        # map ALL modulename -> moduleobj
-        self._modules = {}
-        # list of EXPORTED modules
-        self._export = []
+        self.secnode = srv.secnode
         # list all connections
         self._connections = []
         # active (i.e. broadcast-receiving) connections
@@ -88,11 +75,6 @@ class Dispatcher:
         self.shutdown = srv.shutdown
         # handle to server
         self.srv = srv
-        # set of modules that failed creation
-        self.failed_modules = set()
-        # list of errors that occured during initialization
-        self.errors = []
-        self.traceback_counter = 0
 
     def broadcast_event(self, msg, reallyall=False):
         """broadcasts a msg to all active connections
@@ -111,10 +93,10 @@ class Dispatcher:
         for conn in listeners:
             conn.send_reply(msg)
 
-    def announce_update(self, modulename, pname, pobj):
+    def announce_update(self, moduleobj, pobj):
         """called by modules param setters to notify subscribers of new values
         """
-        self.broadcast_event(make_update(modulename, pobj))
+        self.broadcast_event(make_update(moduleobj.name, pobj))
 
     def subscribe(self, conn, eventname):
         self._subscriptions.setdefault(eventname, set()).add(conn)
@@ -148,163 +130,10 @@ class Dispatcher:
             self._connections.remove(conn)
         self.reset_connection(conn)
 
-    def register_module(self, moduleobj, modulename, export=True):
-        self.log.debug('registering module %r as %s (export=%r)',
-                       moduleobj, modulename, export)
-        self._modules[modulename] = moduleobj
-        if export:
-            self._export.append(modulename)
-
-    def get_module(self, modulename):
-        """ Returns a fully initialized module. Or None, if something went
-        wrong during instatiating/initializing the module."""
-        modobj = self.get_module_instance(modulename)
-        if modobj is None:
-            return None
-        if modobj._isinitialized:
-            return modobj
-
-        # also call earlyInit on the modules
-        self.log.debug('initializing module %r', modulename)
-        try:
-            modobj.earlyInit()
-            if not modobj.earlyInitDone:
-                self.errors.append(f'{modobj.earlyInit.__qualname__} was not called, probably missing super call')
-            modobj.initModule()
-            if not modobj.initModuleDone:
-                self.errors.append(f'{modobj.initModule.__qualname__} was not called, probably missing super call')
-        except Exception as e:
-            if self.traceback_counter == 0:
-                self.log.exception(traceback.format_exc())
-            self.traceback_counter += 1
-            self.errors.append(f'error initializing {modulename}: {e!r}')
-        modobj._isinitialized = True
-        self.log.debug('initialized module %r', modulename)
-        return modobj
-
-    def get_module_instance(self, modulename):
-        """ Returns the module in its current initialization state or creates a
-        new uninitialized modle to return.
-
-        When creating a new module, srv.module_config is accessed to get the
-        modules configuration.
-        """
-        if modulename in self._modules:
-            return self._modules[modulename]
-        if modulename in list(self._modules.values()):
-            # it's actually already the module object
-            return modulename
-        # create module from srv.module_cfg, store and return
-        self.log.debug('attempting to create module %r', modulename)
-
-        opts = self.srv.module_cfg.get(modulename, None)
-        if opts is None:
-            raise NoSuchModuleError(f'Module {modulename!r} does not exist on this SEC-Node!')
-        pymodule = None
-        try:  # pylint: disable=no-else-return
-            classname = opts.pop('cls')
-            if isinstance(classname, str):
-                pymodule = classname.rpartition('.')[0]
-                if pymodule in self.failed_modules:
-                    # creation has failed already once, do not try again
-                    return None
-                cls = get_class(classname)
-            else:
-                pymodule = classname.__module__
-                if pymodule in self.failed_modules:
-                    # creation has failed already once, do not try again
-                    return None
-                cls = classname
-        except Exception as e:
-            if str(e) == 'no such class':
-                self.errors.append(f'{classname} not found')
-            else:
-                self.failed_modules.add(pymodule)
-                if self.traceback_counter == 0:
-                    self.log.exception(traceback.format_exc())
-                self.traceback_counter += 1
-                self.errors.append(f'error importing {classname}')
-            return None
-        else:
-            try:
-                modobj = cls(modulename, self.log.getChild(modulename), opts, self.srv)
-            except ConfigError as e:
-                self.errors.append(f'error creating module {modulename}:')
-                for errtxt in e.args[0] if isinstance(e.args[0], list) else [e.args[0]]:
-                    self.errors.append('  ' + errtxt)
-                modobj = None
-            except Exception as e:
-                if self.traceback_counter == 0:
-                    self.log.exception(traceback.format_exc())
-                self.traceback_counter += 1
-                self.errors.append(f'error creating {modulename}')
-                modobj = None
-        if modobj:
-            self.register_module(modobj, modulename, modobj.export)
-            self.srv.modules[modulename] = modobj # IS HERE THE CORRECT PLACE?
-        return modobj
-
-    def remove_module(self, modulename_or_obj):
-        moduleobj = self.get_module(modulename_or_obj)
-        modulename = moduleobj.name
-        if modulename in self._export:
-            self._export.remove(modulename)
-        self._modules.pop(modulename)
-        self._subscriptions.pop(modulename, None)
-        for k in [kk for kk in self._subscriptions if kk.startswith(f'{modulename}:')]:
-            self._subscriptions.pop(k, None)
-
-    def list_module_names(self):
-        # return a copy of our list
-        return self._export[:]
-
-    def export_accessibles(self, modulename):
-        self.log.debug('export_accessibles(%r)', modulename)
-        if modulename in self._export:
-            # omit export=False params!
-            res = OrderedDict()
-            for aobj in self.get_module(modulename).accessibles.values():
-                if aobj.export:
-                    res[aobj.export] = aobj.for_export()
-            self.log.debug('list accessibles for module %s -> %r',
-                           modulename, res)
-            return res
-        self.log.debug('-> module is not to be exported!')
-        return OrderedDict()
-
-    def get_descriptive_data(self, specifier):
-        """returns a python object which upon serialisation results in the descriptive data"""
-        specifier = specifier or ''
-        modules = {}
-        result = {'modules': modules}
-        for modulename in self._export:
-            module = self.get_module(modulename)
-            if not module.export:
-                continue
-            # some of these need rework !
-            mod_desc = {'accessibles': self.export_accessibles(modulename)}
-            mod_desc.update(module.exportProperties())
-            mod_desc.pop('export', False)
-            modules[modulename] = mod_desc
-        modname, _, pname = specifier.partition(':')
-        if modname in modules:  # extension to SECoP standard: description of a single module
-            result = modules[modname]
-            if pname in result['accessibles']:  # extension to SECoP standard: description of a single accessible
-                # command is also accepted
-                result = result['accessibles'][pname]
-            elif pname:
-                raise NoSuchParameterError(f'Module {modname!r} has no parameter {pname!r}')
-        elif not modname or modname == '.':
-            result['equipment_id'] = self.equipment_id
-            result['firmware'] = 'FRAPPY - The Python Framework for SECoP'
-            result['version'] = '2021.02'
-            result.update(self.nodeprops)
-        else:
-            raise NoSuchModuleError(f'Module {modname!r} does not exist')
-        return result
-
     def _execute_command(self, modulename, exportedname, argument=None):
-        moduleobj = self.get_module(modulename)
+        """ Execute a command. Importing the value is done in 'do' for nicer
+        error messages."""
+        moduleobj = self.secnode.get_module(modulename)
         if moduleobj is None:
             raise NoSuchModuleError(f'Module {modulename!r} does not exist')
 
@@ -312,9 +141,6 @@ class Dispatcher:
         cobj = moduleobj.commands.get(cname)
         if cobj is None:
             raise NoSuchCommandError(f'Module {modulename!r} has no command {cname or exportedname!r}')
-
-        if cobj.argument:
-            argument = cobj.argument.import_value(argument)
         # now call func
         # note: exceptions are handled in handle_request, not here!
         result = cobj.do(moduleobj, argument)
@@ -323,7 +149,7 @@ class Dispatcher:
         return result, {'t': currenttime()}
 
     def _setParameterValue(self, modulename, exportedname, value):
-        moduleobj = self.get_module(modulename)
+        moduleobj = self.secnode.get_module(modulename)
         if moduleobj is None:
             raise NoSuchModuleError(f'Module {modulename!r} does not exist')
 
@@ -336,7 +162,9 @@ class Dispatcher:
         if pobj.readonly:
             raise ReadOnlyError(f"Parameter {modulename}:{pname} can not be changed remotely")
 
-        # validate!
+        # convert transported value to internal value
+        value = pobj.datatype.import_value(value)
+        # verify range
         value = pobj.datatype.validate(value, previous=pobj.value)
         # note: exceptions are handled in handle_request, not here!
         getattr(moduleobj, 'write_' + pname)(value)
@@ -344,7 +172,7 @@ class Dispatcher:
         return pobj.export_value(), {'t': pobj.timestamp} if pobj.timestamp else {}
 
     def _getParameterValue(self, modulename, exportedname):
-        moduleobj = self.get_module(modulename)
+        moduleobj = self.secnode.get_module(modulename)
         if moduleobj is None:
             raise NoSuchModuleError(f'Module {modulename!r} does not exist')
 
@@ -401,7 +229,7 @@ class Dispatcher:
         return (IDENTREPLY, None, None)
 
     def handle_describe(self, conn, specifier, data):
-        return (DESCRIPTIONREPLY, specifier or '.', self.get_descriptive_data(specifier))
+        return (DESCRIPTIONREPLY, specifier or '.', self.secnode.get_descriptive_data(specifier))
 
     def handle_read(self, conn, specifier, data):
         if data:
@@ -440,9 +268,9 @@ class Dispatcher:
             modulename, exportedname = specifier, None
             if ':' in specifier:
                 modulename, exportedname = specifier.split(':', 1)
-            if modulename not in self._export:
+            if modulename not in self.secnode.export:
                 raise NoSuchModuleError(f'Module {modulename!r} does not exist')
-            moduleobj = self.get_module(modulename)
+            moduleobj = self.secnode.get_module(modulename)
             if exportedname is not None:
                 pname = moduleobj.accessiblename2attr.get(exportedname, True)
                 if pname and pname not in moduleobj.accessibles:
@@ -456,12 +284,12 @@ class Dispatcher:
         else:
             # activate all modules
             self._active_connections.add(conn)
-            modules = [(m, None) for m in self._export]
+            modules = [(m, None) for m in self.secnode.export]
 
         # send updates for all subscribed values.
         # note: The initial poll already happend before the server is active
         for modulename, pname in modules:
-            moduleobj = self._modules.get(modulename, None)
+            moduleobj = self.secnode.modules.get(modulename, None)
             if pname:
                 conn.send_reply(make_update(modulename, moduleobj.parameters[pname]))
                 continue
@@ -485,16 +313,13 @@ class Dispatcher:
         conn.send_reply((LOG_EVENT, f'{modname}:{level}', msg))
 
     def set_all_log_levels(self, conn, level):
-        for modobj in self._modules.values():
-            modobj.setRemoteLogging(conn, level)
+        for modobj in self.secnode.modules.values():
+            modobj.setRemoteLogging(conn, level, self.send_log_msg)
 
     def handle_logging(self, conn, specifier, level):
-        if specifier == '#':
-            self.log.handlers[1].setLevel(int(level))
-            return LOGGING_REPLY, specifier, level
         if specifier and specifier != '.':
-            modobj = self._modules[specifier]
-            modobj.setRemoteLogging(conn, level)
+            modobj = self.secnode.modules[specifier]
+            modobj.setRemoteLogging(conn, level, self.send_log_msg)
         else:
             self.set_all_log_levels(conn, level)
         return LOGGING_REPLY, specifier, level

frappy/protocol/interface/__init__.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/protocol/interface/tcp.py

@@ -143,7 +143,6 @@ class TCPRequestHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
         if not data:
             self.log.error('should not reply empty data!')
             return
-        self.log.debug('send %r', data)
         outdata = encode_msg_frame(*data)
         with self.send_lock:
             if self.running:
@@ -232,13 +231,6 @@ class TCPServer(DualStackTCPServer):
             self.log.warning('tried again %d times after "Address already in use"', ntry)
         self.log.info("TCPServer initiated")
 
-    # py35 compatibility
-    if not hasattr(socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer, '__exit__'):
-        def __enter__(self):
-            return self
-
-        def __exit__(self, *args):
-            self.server_close()
 
 def format_address(addr):
     if len(addr) == 2:

frappy/protocol/interface/zmq.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/protocol/messages.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/protocol/router.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/proxy.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -72,7 +71,7 @@ class ProxyModule(HasIO, Module):
             pname, pobj = params.popitem()
             props = remoteparams.get(pname, None)
             if props is None:
-                if pobj.export:
+                if pobj.export and pname != 'status':
                     self.log.warning('remote parameter %s:%s does not exist', self.module, pname)
                 continue
             dt = props['datatype']
@@ -109,17 +108,19 @@ class ProxyModule(HasIO, Module):
         # for now, the error message must be enough
 
     def nodeStateChange(self, online, state):
+        disconnected = Readable.Status.ERROR, 'disconnected'
         if online:
             if not self._consistency_check_done:
                 self._check_descriptive_data()
                 self._consistency_check_done = True
+            if self.status == disconnected:
+                self.status = Readable.Status.IDLE, 'connected'
         else:
-            newstatus = Readable.Status.ERROR, 'disconnected'
             readerror = CommunicationFailedError('disconnected')
-            if self.status != newstatus:
+            if self.status != disconnected:
                 for pname in set(self.parameters) - set(('module', 'status')):
                     self.announceUpdate(pname, None, readerror)
-                self.announceUpdate('status', newstatus)
+                self.status = disconnected
 
     def checkProperties(self):
         pass  # skip
@@ -194,7 +195,7 @@ def proxy_class(remote_class, name=None):
             attrs[aname] = pobj
 
             def rfunc(self, pname=aname):
-                value, _, readerror = self._secnode.getParameter(self.name, pname, True)
+                value, _, readerror = self._secnode.getParameter(self.module, pname, True)
                 if readerror:
                     raise readerror
                 return value
@@ -204,7 +205,7 @@ def proxy_class(remote_class, name=None):
             if not pobj.readonly:
 
                 def wfunc(self, value, pname=aname):
-                    value, _, readerror = self._secnode.setParameter(self.name, pname, value)
+                    value, _, readerror = self._secnode.setParameter(self.module, pname, value)
                     if readerror:
                         raise readerror
                     return value
@@ -215,7 +216,7 @@ def proxy_class(remote_class, name=None):
             cobj = aobj.copy()
 
             def cfunc(self, arg=None, cname=aname):
-                return self._secnode.execCommand(self.name, cname, arg)[0]
+                return self._secnode.execCommand(self.module, cname, arg)[0]
 
             attrs[aname] = cobj(cfunc)
 

frappy/rwhandler.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 # the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software

frappy/secnode.py

@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+# *****************************************************************************
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Alexander Zaft <a.zaft@fz-juelich.de>
+#
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+import traceback
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+from frappy.dynamic import Pinata
+from frappy.errors import ConfigError, NoSuchModuleError, NoSuchParameterError
+from frappy.lib import get_class
+
+
+class SecNode:
+    """Managing the modules.
+
+    Interface to the modules:
+     - add_module(module, modulename)
+     - get_module(modulename) returns the requested module or None if there is
+       no suitable configuration on the server
+    """
+    def __init__(self, name, logger, options, srv):
+        self.equipment_id = options.pop('equipment_id', name)
+        self.nodeprops = {}
+        for k in list(options):
+            self.nodeprops[k] = options.pop(k)
+        # map ALL modulename -> moduleobj
+        self.modules = {}
+        # list of EXPORTED modules
+        self.export = []
+        self.log = logger
+        self.srv = srv
+        # set of modules that failed creation
+        self.failed_modules = set()
+        # list of errors that occured during initialization
+        self.errors = []
+        self.traceback_counter = 0
+        self.name = name
+
+    def get_module(self, modulename):
+        """ Returns a fully initialized module. Or None, if something went
+        wrong during instatiating/initializing the module."""
+        modobj = self.get_module_instance(modulename)
+        if modobj is None:
+            return None
+        if modobj._isinitialized:
+            return modobj
+
+        # also call earlyInit on the modules
+        self.log.debug('initializing module %r', modulename)
+        try:
+            modobj.earlyInit()
+            if not modobj.earlyInitDone:
+                self.errors.append(f'{modobj.earlyInit.__qualname__} was not '
+                                   f'called, probably missing super call')
+            modobj.initModule()
+            if not modobj.initModuleDone:
+                self.errors.append(f'{modobj.initModule.__qualname__} was not '
+                                   f'called, probably missing super call')
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.traceback_counter == 0:
+                self.log.exception(traceback.format_exc())
+            self.traceback_counter += 1
+            self.errors.append(f'error initializing {modulename}: {e!r}')
+        modobj._isinitialized = True
+        self.log.debug('initialized module %r', modulename)
+        return modobj
+
+    def get_module_instance(self, modulename):
+        """ Returns the module in its current initialization state or creates a
+        new uninitialized module to return.
+
+        When creating a new module, srv.module_config is accessed to get the
+        modules configuration.
+        """
+        if modulename in self.modules:
+            return self.modules[modulename]
+        if modulename in list(self.modules.values()):
+            # it's actually already the module object
+            return modulename
+
+        # create module from srv.module_cfg, store and return
+        self.log.debug('attempting to create module %r', modulename)
+
+        opts = self.srv.module_cfg.get(modulename, None)
+        if opts is None:
+            raise NoSuchModuleError(f'Module {modulename!r} does not exist on '
+                                    f'this SEC-Node!')
+        opts = dict(opts)
+        pymodule = None
+        try:  # pylint: disable=no-else-return
+            classname = opts.pop('cls')
+            if isinstance(classname, str):
+                pymodule = classname.rpartition('.')[0]
+                if pymodule in self.failed_modules:
+                    # creation has failed already once, do not try again
+                    return None
+                cls = get_class(classname)
+            else:
+                pymodule = classname.__module__
+                if pymodule in self.failed_modules:
+                    # creation has failed already once, do not try again
+                    return None
+                cls = classname
+        except Exception as e:
+            if str(e) == 'no such class':
+                self.errors.append(f'{classname} not found')
+            else:
+                self.failed_modules.add(pymodule)
+                if self.traceback_counter == 0:
+                    self.log.exception(traceback.format_exc())
+                self.traceback_counter += 1
+                self.errors.append(f'error importing {classname}')
+            return None
+        else:
+            try:
+                modobj = cls(modulename, self.log.parent.getChild(modulename),
+                             opts, self.srv)
+            except ConfigError as e:
+                self.errors.append(f'error creating module {modulename}:')
+                for errtxt in e.args[0] if isinstance(e.args[0], list) else [e.args[0]]:
+                    self.errors.append('  ' + errtxt)
+                modobj = None
+            except Exception as e:
+                if self.traceback_counter == 0:
+                    self.log.exception(traceback.format_exc())
+                self.traceback_counter += 1
+                self.errors.append(f'error creating {modulename}')
+                modobj = None
+        if modobj:
+            self.add_module(modobj, modulename)
+        return modobj
+
+    def create_modules(self):
+        self.modules = OrderedDict()
+
+        # create and initialize modules
+        todos = list(self.srv.module_cfg.items())
+        while todos:
+            modname, options = todos.pop(0)
+            if modname in self.modules:
+                # already created via Attached
+                continue
+            # For Pinata modules: we need to access this in Self.get_module
+            self.srv.module_cfg[modname] = options
+            modobj = self.get_module_instance(modname)  # lazy
+            if modobj is None:
+                self.log.debug('Module %s returned None', modname)
+                continue
+            self.modules[modname] = modobj
+            if isinstance(modobj, Pinata):
+                # scan for dynamic devices
+                pinata = self.get_module(modname)
+                pinata_modules = list(pinata.scanModules())
+                for name, _cfg in pinata_modules:
+                    if name in self.srv.module_cfg:
+                        self.log.error('Module %s, from pinata %s, already '
+                                       'exists in config file!', name, modname)
+                self.log.info('Pinata %s found %d modules',
+                              modname, len(pinata_modules))
+                todos.extend(pinata_modules)
+
+    def export_accessibles(self, modulename):
+        self.log.debug('export_accessibles(%r)', modulename)
+        if modulename in self.export:
+            # omit export=False params!
+            res = OrderedDict()
+            for aobj in self.get_module(modulename).accessibles.values():
+                if aobj.export:
+                    res[aobj.export] = aobj.for_export()
+            self.log.debug('list accessibles for module %s -> %r',
+                           modulename, res)
+            return res
+        self.log.debug('-> module is not to be exported!')
+        return OrderedDict()
+
+    def get_descriptive_data(self, specifier):
+        """returns a python object which upon serialisation results in the
+        descriptive data"""
+        specifier = specifier or ''
+        modules = {}
+        result = {'modules': modules}
+        for modulename in self.export:
+            module = self.get_module(modulename)
+            if not module.export:
+                continue
+            # some of these need rework !
+            mod_desc = {'accessibles': self.export_accessibles(modulename)}
+            mod_desc.update(module.exportProperties())
+            mod_desc.pop('export', False)
+            modules[modulename] = mod_desc
+        modname, _, pname = specifier.partition(':')
+        if modname in modules:  # extension to SECoP standard: description of a single module
+            result = modules[modname]
+            if pname in result['accessibles']:  # extension to SECoP standard: description of a single accessible
+                # command is also accepted
+                result = result['accessibles'][pname]
+            elif pname:
+                raise NoSuchParameterError(f'Module {modname!r} '
+                                           f'has no parameter {pname!r}')
+        elif not modname or modname == '.':
+            result['equipment_id'] = self.equipment_id
+            result['firmware'] = 'FRAPPY - The Python Framework for SECoP'
+            result['version'] = '2021.02'
+            result.update(self.nodeprops)
+        else:
+            raise NoSuchModuleError(f'Module {modname!r} does not exist')
+        return result
+
+    def add_module(self, module, modulename):
+        """Adds a named module object to this SecNode."""
+        self.modules[modulename] = module
+        if module.export:
+            self.export.append(modulename)
+
+    # def remove_module(self, modulename_or_obj):
+    #     moduleobj = self.get_module(modulename_or_obj)
+    #     modulename = moduleobj.name
+    #     if modulename in self.export:
+    #         self.export.remove(modulename)
+    #     self.modules.pop(modulename)
+    #     self._subscriptions.pop(modulename, None)
+    #     for k in [kk for kk in self._subscriptions if kk.startswith(f'{modulename}:')]:
+    #         self._subscriptions.pop(k, None)
+
+    def shutdown_modules(self):
+        """Call 'shutdownModule' for all modules."""
+        for name in self._getSortedModules():
+            self.modules[name].shutdownModule()
+
+    def _getSortedModules(self):
+        """Sort modules topologically by inverse dependency.
+
+        Example: if there is an IO device A and module B depends on it, then
+        the result will be [B, A].
+        Right now, if the dependency graph is not a DAG, we give up and return
+        the unvisited nodes to be dismantled at the end.
+        Taken from Introduction to Algorithms [CLRS].
+        """
+        def go(name):
+            if name in done:  # visiting a node
+                return True
+            if name in visited:
+                visited.add(name)
+                return False  # cycle in dependencies -> fail
+            visited.add(name)
+            if name in unmarked:
+                unmarked.remove(name)
+            for module in self.modules[name].attachedModules.values():
+                res = go(module.name)
+                if not res:
+                    return False
+            visited.remove(name)
+            done.add(name)
+            l.append(name)
+            return True
+
+        unmarked = set(self.modules.keys())  # unvisited nodes
+        visited = set()  # visited in DFS, but not completed
+        done = set()
+        l = []  # list of sorted modules
+
+        while unmarked:
+            if not go(unmarked.pop()):
+                self.log.error('cyclical dependency between modules!')
+                return l[::-1] + list(visited) + list(unmarked)
+        return l[::-1]

frappy/server.py

@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@
 import os
 import signal
 import sys
-from collections import OrderedDict
+import threading
 
 from frappy.config import load_config
 from frappy.errors import ConfigError
-from frappy.dynamic import Pinata
 from frappy.lib import formatException, generalConfig, get_class, mkthread
 from frappy.lib.multievent import MultiEvent
 from frappy.params import PREDEFINED_ACCESSIBLES
+from frappy.secnode import SecNode
 
 try:
     from daemon import DaemonContext
@@ -71,19 +71,18 @@ class Server:
             multiple cfg files, the interface is taken from the first cfg file
         - testonly: test mode. tries to build all modules, but the server is not started
 
-        Format of cfg file (for now, both forms are accepted):
-        old form:                  new form:
-
-        [node <equipment id>]      [NODE]
-        description=<descr>        id=<equipment id>
-                                   description=<descr>
-
-        [interface tcp]            [INTERFACE]
-        bindport=10769             uri=tcp://10769
-        bindto=0.0.0.0
-
-        [module temp]              [temp]
-        ramp=12                    ramp=12
+        Config file:
+        Format:                     Example:
+        Node('<equipment_id>',      Node('ex.frappy.demo',
+            <description>,              'short description\n\nlong descr.',
+            <main interface>,           'tcp://10769',
+            secondary=[                 secondary=['ws://10770'],  # optional
+              <interfaces>
+            ],
+        )                               )
+        Mod('<module name>',        Mod('temp',
+            <param config>              value = Param(unit='K'),
+        )                           )
         ...
         """
         self._testonly = testonly
@@ -108,9 +107,13 @@ class Server:
         signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, self.signal_handler)
         signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, self.signal_handler)
 
-    def signal_handler(self, _num, _frame):
-        if hasattr(self, 'interface') and self.interface:
+    def signal_handler(self, num, frame):
+        if hasattr(self, 'interfaces') and self.interfaces:
             self.shutdown()
+        else:
+            # TODO: we should probably clean up the already initialized modules
+            # when getting an interrupt while the server is starting
+            signal.default_int_handler(num, frame)
 
     def start(self):
         if not DaemonContext:
@@ -152,33 +155,44 @@ class Server:
                 print(formatException(verbose=True))
                 raise
 
-            opts = {'uri': self.node_cfg['interface']}
-            scheme, _, _ = opts['uri'].rpartition('://')
-            scheme = scheme or 'tcp'
-            cls = get_class(self.INTERFACES[scheme])
-            with cls(scheme, self.log.getChild(scheme), opts, self) as self.interface:
-                if opts:
-                    raise ConfigError(self.unknown_options(cls, opts))
-                self.log.info('startup done, handling transport messages')
-                if systemd:
-                    systemd.daemon.notify("READY=1\nSTATUS=accepting requests")
-                t = mkthread(self.interface.serve_forever)
-                # we wait here on the thread finishing, which means we got a
-                # signal to shut down or an exception was raised
-                # TODO: get the exception (and re-raise?)
+            self.interfaces = []
+            iface_threads = []
+            interfaces_started = MultiEvent(default_timeout=1)#default_timeout=15)
+            lock = threading.Lock()
+            # TODO: check if only one interface of each type is open?
+            for interface in [self.node_cfg['interface']] + self.node_cfg.get(
+                'secondary', []
+            ):
+                opts = {'uri': interface}
+                t = mkthread(
+                    self._interfaceThread,
+                    opts,
+                    lock,
+                    self.interfaces.append,
+                    interfaces_started.get_trigger(),
+                )
+                iface_threads.append(t)
+            interfaces_started.wait()
+
+            self.log.info('startup done, handling transport messages')
+            if systemd:
+                systemd.daemon.notify("READY=1\nSTATUS=accepting requests")
+
+            self.log.info('Started %d interfaces' % len(self.interfaces))
+            # we wait here on the thread finishing, which means we got a
+            # signal to shut down or an exception was raised
+            # TODO: get the exception (and re-raise?)
+            for t in iface_threads:
                 t.join()
-                self.interface = None  # fine due to the semantics of 'with'
-                # server_close() called by 'with'
 
             self.log.info(f'stopped listenning, cleaning up'
-                          f' {len(self.modules)} modules')
+                          f' {len(self.secnode.modules)} modules')
             # if systemd:
             #     if self._restart:
             #         systemd.daemon.notify('RELOADING=1')
             #     else:
             #         systemd.daemon.notify('STOPPING=1')
-            for name in self._getSortedModules():
-                self.modules[name].shutdownModule()
+            self.secnode.shutdown_modules()
             if self._restart:
                 self.restart_hook()
                 self.log.info('restarting')
@@ -187,11 +201,28 @@ class Server:
     def restart(self):
         if not self._restart:
             self._restart = True
-            self.interface.shutdown()
+            for iface in self.interfaces:
+                iface.shutdown()
 
     def shutdown(self):
         self._restart = False
-        self.interface.shutdown()
+        for iface in self.interfaces:
+            iface.shutdown()
+
+    def _interfaceThread(self, opts, lock, if_cb, start_cb):
+        scheme, _, _ = opts['uri'].rpartition('://')
+        iface = opts['uri']
+        scheme = scheme or 'tcp'
+        cls = get_class(self.INTERFACES[scheme])
+        with cls(scheme, self.log.getChild(scheme), opts, self) as interface:
+            if opts:
+                raise ConfigError(self.unknown_options(cls, opts))
+            with lock:
+                if_cb(interface)
+            start_cb()
+            interface.serve_forever()
+            # server_close() called by 'with'
+        self.log.info(f'stopped {iface}')
 
     def _processCfg(self):
         """Processes the module configuration.
@@ -205,50 +236,27 @@ class Server:
         errors = []
         opts = dict(self.node_cfg)
         cls = get_class(opts.pop('cls'))
-        self.dispatcher = cls(opts.pop('name', self._cfgfiles),
-                              self.log.getChild('dispatcher'), opts, self)
+        name = opts.pop('name', self._cfgfiles)
+        # TODO: opts not in both
+        self.secnode = SecNode(name, self.log.getChild('secnode'), opts, self)
+        self.dispatcher = cls(name, self.log.getChild('dispatcher'), opts, self)
 
         if opts:
-            self.dispatcher.errors.append(self.unknown_options(cls, opts))
-        self.modules = OrderedDict()
-
-        # create and initialize modules
-        todos = list(self.module_cfg.items())
-        while todos:
-            modname, options = todos.pop(0)
-            if modname in self.modules:
-                # already created by Dispatcher (via Attached)
-                continue
-            # For Pinata modules: we need to access this in Dispatcher.get_module
-            self.module_cfg[modname] = dict(options)
-            modobj = self.dispatcher.get_module_instance(modname) # lazy
-            if modobj is None:
-                self.log.debug('Module %s returned None', modname)
-                continue
-            self.modules[modname] = modobj
-            if isinstance(modobj, Pinata):
-                # scan for dynamic devices
-                pinata = self.dispatcher.get_module(modname)
-                pinata_modules = list(pinata.scanModules())
-                for name, _cfg in pinata_modules:
-                    if name in self.module_cfg:
-                        self.log.error('Module %s, from pinata %s, already'
-                                       ' exists in config file!', name, modname)
-                self.log.info('Pinata %s found %d modules', modname, len(pinata_modules))
-                todos.extend(pinata_modules)
+            self.secnode.errors.append(self.unknown_options(cls, opts))
 
+        self.secnode.create_modules()
         # initialize all modules by getting them with Dispatcher.get_module,
         # which is done in the get_descriptive data
         # TODO: caching, to not make this extra work
-        self.dispatcher.get_descriptive_data('')
+        self.secnode.get_descriptive_data('')
         # =========== All modules are initialized ===========
 
         # all errors from initialization process
-        errors = self.dispatcher.errors
+        errors = self.secnode.errors
 
         if not self._testonly:
             start_events = MultiEvent(default_timeout=30)
-            for modname, modobj in self.modules.items():
+            for modname, modobj in self.secnode.modules.items():
                 # startModule must return either a timeout value or None (default 30 sec)
                 start_events.name = f'module {modname}'
                 modobj.startModule(start_events)
@@ -275,7 +283,8 @@ class Server:
         self.log.info('all modules started')
         history_path = os.environ.get('FRAPPY_HISTORY')
         if history_path:
-            from frappy_psi.historywriter import FrappyHistoryWriter  # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
+            from frappy_psi.historywriter import \
+                FrappyHistoryWriter  # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
             writer = FrappyHistoryWriter(history_path, PREDEFINED_ACCESSIBLES.keys(), self.dispatcher)
             # treat writer as a connection
             self.dispatcher.add_connection(writer)
@@ -288,41 +297,3 @@ class Server:
         #   history_path = os.environ.get('ALTERNATIVE_HISTORY')
         #   if history_path:
         #       from frappy_<xx>.historywriter import ... etc.
-
-    def _getSortedModules(self):
-        """Sort modules topologically by inverse dependency.
-
-        Example: if there is an IO device A and module B depends on it, then
-        the result will be [B, A].
-        Right now, if the dependency graph is not a DAG, we give up and return
-        the unvisited nodes to be dismantled at the end.
-        Taken from Introduction to Algorithms [CLRS].
-        """
-        def go(name):
-            if name in done:  # visiting a node
-                return True
-            if name in visited:
-                visited.add(name)
-                return False  # cycle in dependencies -> fail
-            visited.add(name)
-            if name in unmarked:
-                unmarked.remove(name)
-            for module in self.modules[name].attachedModules.values():
-                res = go(module.name)
-                if not res:
-                    return False
-            visited.remove(name)
-            done.add(name)
-            l.append(name)
-            return True
-
-        unmarked = set(self.modules.keys())  # unvisited nodes
-        visited = set()  # visited in DFS, but not completed
-        done = set()
-        l = []  # list of sorted modules
-
-        while unmarked:
-            if not go(unmarked.pop()):
-                self.log.error('cyclical dependency between modules!')
-                return l[::-1] + list(visited) + list(unmarked)
-        return l[::-1]

frappy/simulation.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

frappy/states.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -240,6 +239,7 @@ class HasStates:
 
     @Command
     def stop(self):
+        """stop state machine"""
         self.stop_machine()
 
     def final_status(self, code=IDLE, text=''):

frappy/structparam.py

@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-# *****************************************************************************
-#
-# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
-# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
-# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
-# version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
-# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
-# details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
-# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
-# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
-#
-# Module authors:
-#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
-#
-# *****************************************************************************
-"""convenience class to create a struct Parameter together with indivdual params
-
-Usage:
-
-    class Controller(Drivable):
-
-        ...
-
-        ctrlpars = StructParam('ctrlpars struct', [
-            ('pid_p', 'p', Parameter('control parameter p', FloatRange())),
-            ('pid_i', 'i', Parameter('control parameter i', FloatRange())),
-            ('pid_d', 'd', Parameter('control parameter d', FloatRange())),
-        ], readonly=False)
-
-        ...
-
-    then implement either read_ctrlpars and write_ctrlpars or
-    read_pid_p, read_pid_i, read_pid_d, write_pid_p, write_pid_i and write_pid_d
-
-    the methods not implemented will be created automatically
-"""
-
-from frappy.core import Parameter, Property
-from frappy.datatypes import BoolType, DataType, StructOf, ValueType
-from frappy.errors import ProgrammingError
-
-
-class StructParam(Parameter):
-    """create a struct parameter together with individual parameters
-
-    in addition to normal Parameter arguments:
-
-    :param paramdict: dict <member name> of Parameter(...)
-    :param prefix_or_map: either a prefix for the parameter name to add to the member name
-                          or a dict <member name> or <paramerter name>
-    """
-    # use properties, as simple attributes are not considered on copy()
-    paramdict = Property('dict <parametername> of Parameter(...)', ValueType())
-    hasStructRW = Property('has a read_<struct param> or write_<struct param> method',
-                           BoolType(), default=False)
-
-    insideRW = 0  # counter for avoiding multiple superfluous updates
-
-    def __init__(self, description=None, paramdict=None, prefix_or_map='', *, datatype=None, readonly=False, **kwds):
-        if isinstance(paramdict, DataType):
-            raise ProgrammingError('second argument must be a dict of Param')
-        if datatype is None and paramdict is not None:  # omit the following on Parameter.copy()
-            if isinstance(prefix_or_map, str):
-                prefix_or_map = {m: prefix_or_map + m for m in paramdict}
-            for membername, param in paramdict.items():
-                param.name = prefix_or_map[membername]
-            datatype = StructOf(**{m: p.datatype for m, p in paramdict.items()})
-            kwds['influences'] = [p.name for p in paramdict.values()]
-        self.updateEnable = {}
-        super().__init__(description, datatype, paramdict=paramdict, readonly=readonly, **kwds)
-
-    def __set_name__(self, owner, name):
-        # names of access methods of structed param (e.g. ctrlpars)
-        struct_read_name = f'read_{name}'  # e.g. 'read_ctrlpars'
-        struct_write_name = f'write_{name}'  # e.h. 'write_ctrlpars'
-        self.hasStructRW = hasattr(owner, struct_read_name) or hasattr(owner, struct_write_name)
-
-        for membername, param in self.paramdict.items():
-            pname = param.name
-            changes = {
-                'readonly': self.readonly,
-                'influences': set(param.influences) | {name},
-            }
-            param.ownProperties.update(changes)
-            param.init(changes)
-            setattr(owner, pname, param)
-            param.__set_name__(owner, param.name)
-
-            if self.hasStructRW:
-                rname = f'read_{pname}'
-
-                if not hasattr(owner, rname):
-                    def rfunc(self, membername=membername, struct_read_name=struct_read_name):
-                        return getattr(self, struct_read_name)()[membername]
-
-                    rfunc.poll = False  # read_<struct param> is polled only
-                    setattr(owner, rname, rfunc)
-
-                if not self.readonly:
-                    wname = f'write_{pname}'
-                    if not hasattr(owner, wname):
-                        def wfunc(self, value, membername=membername,
-                                  name=name, rname=rname, struct_write_name=struct_write_name):
-                            valuedict = dict(getattr(self, name))
-                            valuedict[membername] = value
-                            getattr(self, struct_write_name)(valuedict)
-                            return getattr(self, rname)()
-
-                        setattr(owner, wname, wfunc)
-
-        if not self.hasStructRW:
-            if not hasattr(owner, struct_read_name):
-                def struct_read_func(self, name=name, flist=tuple(
-                        (m, f'read_{p.name}') for m, p in self.paramdict.items())):
-                    pobj = self.parameters[name]
-                    # disable updates generated from the callbacks of individual params
-                    pobj.insideRW += 1   # guarded by self.accessLock
-                    try:
-                        return {m: getattr(self, f)() for m, f in flist}
-                    finally:
-                        pobj.insideRW -= 1
-
-                setattr(owner, struct_read_name, struct_read_func)
-
-            if not (self.readonly or hasattr(owner, struct_write_name)):
-
-                def struct_write_func(self, value, name=name, funclist=tuple(
-                        (m, f'write_{p.name}') for m, p in self.paramdict.items())):
-                    pobj = self.parameters[name]
-                    pobj.insideRW += 1  # guarded by self.accessLock
-                    try:
-                        return {m: getattr(self, f)(value[m]) for m, f in funclist}
-                    finally:
-                        pobj.insideRW -= 1
-
-                setattr(owner, struct_write_name, struct_write_func)
-
-        super().__set_name__(owner, name)
-
-    def finish(self, modobj=None):
-        """register callbacks for consistency"""
-        super().finish(modobj)
-        if modobj:
-
-            if self.hasStructRW:
-                def cb(value, modobj=modobj, structparam=self):
-                    for membername, param in structparam.paramdict.items():
-                        setattr(modobj, param.name, value[membername])
-
-                modobj.valueCallbacks[self.name].append(cb)
-            else:
-                for membername, param in self.paramdict.items():
-                    def cb(value, modobj=modobj, structparam=self, membername=membername):
-                        if not structparam.insideRW:
-                            prev = dict(getattr(modobj, structparam.name))
-                            prev[membername] = value
-                            setattr(modobj, structparam.name, prev)
-
-                    modobj.valueCallbacks[param.name].append(cb)

frappy_demo/cryo.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 # the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software

frappy_demo/lakeshore.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 # the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software

frappy_demo/lscsim.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 # the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software

frappy_demo/modules.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 # the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
@@ -16,6 +15,7 @@
 #
 # Module authors:
 #   Enrico Faulhaber <enrico.faulhaber@frm2.tum.de>
+#   Alexander Zaft <a.zaft@fz-juelich.de>
 #
 # *****************************************************************************
 """testing devices"""
@@ -28,9 +28,8 @@ import time
 from frappy.datatypes import ArrayOf, BoolType, EnumType, \
     FloatRange, IntRange, StringType, StructOf, TupleOf
 from frappy.lib.enum import Enum
-from frappy.modules import Drivable
+from frappy.modules import Drivable, Readable, Attached
 from frappy.modules import Parameter as SECoP_Parameter
-from frappy.modules import Readable
 from frappy.properties import Property
 
 
@@ -119,10 +118,9 @@ class MagneticField(Drivable):
                      default=1, datatype=EnumType(persistent=1, hold=0),
                      readonly=False,
                      )
-    heatswitch = Parameter('name of heat switch device',
-                           datatype=StringType(), export=False,
-                           )
+    heatswitch = Attached(Switch, description='name of heat switch device')
 
+    # pylint: disable=invalid-name
     Status = Enum(Drivable.Status, PERSIST=PERSIST, PREPARE=301, RAMPING=302, FINISH=303)
 
     status = Parameter(datatype=TupleOf(EnumType(Status), StringType()))
@@ -130,7 +128,6 @@ class MagneticField(Drivable):
     def initModule(self):
         super().initModule()
         self._state = Enum('state', idle=1, switch_on=2, switch_off=3, ramp=4).idle
-        self._heatswitch = self.DISPATCHER.get_module(self.heatswitch)
         _thread = threading.Thread(target=self._thread)
         _thread.daemon = True
         _thread.start()
@@ -165,10 +162,10 @@ class MagneticField(Drivable):
                 if self.target != self.value:
                     self.log.debug('got new target -> switching heater on')
                     self._state = self._state.enum.switch_on
-                    self._heatswitch.write_target('on')
+                    self.heatswitch.write_target('on')
             if self._state == self._state.enum.switch_on:
                 # wait until switch is on
-                if self._heatswitch.read_value() == 'on':
+                if self.heatswitch.read_value() == 'on':
                     self.log.debug('heatswitch is on -> ramp to %.3f',
                                    self.target)
                     self._state = self._state.enum.ramp
@@ -178,7 +175,7 @@ class MagneticField(Drivable):
                     if self.mode:
                         self.log.debug('at field -> switching heater off')
                         self._state = self._state.enum.switch_off
-                        self._heatswitch.write_target('off')
+                        self.heatswitch.write_target('off')
                     else:
                         self.log.debug('at field -> hold')
                         self._state = self._state.enum.idle
@@ -189,7 +186,7 @@ class MagneticField(Drivable):
                     self.value += step
             if self._state == self._state.enum.switch_off:
                 # wait until switch is off
-                if self._heatswitch.read_value() == 'off':
+                if self.heatswitch.read_value() == 'off':
                     self.log.debug('heatswitch is off at %.3f', self.value)
                     self._state = self._state.enum.idle
             self.read_status()  # update async
@@ -197,6 +194,7 @@ class MagneticField(Drivable):
         self.log.error(self, 'main thread exited unexpectedly!')
 
     def stop(self):
+        """stop at current value"""
         self.write_target(self.read_value())
 
 
@@ -269,12 +267,8 @@ class Label(Readable):
     system = Parameter("Name of the magnet system",
                        datatype=StringType(), export=False,
                        )
-    subdev_mf = Parameter("name of subdevice for magnet status",
-                          datatype=StringType(), export=False,
-                          )
-    subdev_ts = Parameter("name of subdevice for sample temp",
-                          datatype=StringType(), export=False,
-                          )
+    mf = Attached(MagneticField, description="subdevice for magnet status")
+    ts = Attached(SampleTemp, description="subdevice for sample temp")
     value = Parameter("final value of label string", default='',
                       datatype=StringType(),
                       )
@@ -282,18 +276,16 @@ class Label(Readable):
     def read_value(self):
         strings = [self.system]
 
-        dev_ts = self.DISPATCHER.get_module(self.subdev_ts)
-        if dev_ts:
-            strings.append(f"at {dev_ts.read_value():.3f} {dev_ts.parameters['value'].datatype.unit}")
+        if self.ts:
+            strings.append(f"at {self.ts.read_value():.3f} {self.ts.parameters['value'].datatype.unit}")
         else:
             strings.append('No connection to sample temp!')
 
-        dev_mf = self.DISPATCHER.get_module(self.subdev_mf)
-        if dev_mf:
-            mf_stat = dev_mf.read_status()
-            mf_mode = dev_mf.mode
-            mf_val = dev_mf.value
-            mf_unit = dev_mf.parameters['value'].datatype.unit
+        if self.mf:
+            mf_stat = self.mf.read_status()
+            mf_mode = self.mf.mode
+            mf_val = self.mf.value
+            mf_unit = self.mf.parameters['value'].datatype.unit
             if mf_stat[0] == self.Status.IDLE:
                 state = 'Persistent' if mf_mode else 'Non-persistent'
             else:

frappy_demo/test.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 # the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software

frappy_ess/epics.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 # the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software

frappy_mlz/amagnet.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -17,6 +16,7 @@
 #
 # Module authors:
 #   Enrico Faulhaber <enrico.faulhaber@frm2.tum.de>
+#   Alexander Zaft <a.zaft@fz-juelich.de>
 #
 # *****************************************************************************
 
@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@
 
 import math
 
-from frappy.datatypes import ArrayOf, FloatRange, StringType, StructOf, TupleOf
+from frappy.datatypes import ArrayOf, FloatRange, StructOf, TupleOf
 from frappy.errors import ConfigError, DisabledError
 from frappy.lib.sequence import SequencerMixin, Step
-from frappy.modules import Drivable, Parameter
+from frappy.modules import Drivable, Parameter, Attached
 
 
 class GarfieldMagnet(SequencerMixin, Drivable):
@@ -47,19 +47,12 @@ class GarfieldMagnet(SequencerMixin, Drivable):
     the symmetry setting selects which.
     """
 
+    # attached submodules
+    currentsource = Attached(description='(bipolar) Powersupply')
+    enable = Attached(description='Switch to set for on/off')
+    polswitch = Attached(description='Switch to set for polarity')
+    symmetry = Attached(description='Switch to read for symmetry')
     # parameters
-    subdev_currentsource = Parameter('(bipolar) Powersupply',
-                                     datatype=StringType(),
-                                     readonly=True, export=False)
-    subdev_enable = Parameter('Switch to set for on/off',
-                              datatype=StringType(), readonly=True,
-                              export=False)
-    subdev_polswitch = Parameter('Switch to set for polarity',
-                                 datatype=StringType(), readonly=True,
-                                 export=False)
-    subdev_symmetry = Parameter('Switch to read for symmetry',
-                                datatype=StringType(), readonly=True,
-                                export=False)
     userlimits = Parameter('User defined limits of device value',
                            datatype=TupleOf(FloatRange(unit='$'),
                                             FloatRange(unit='$')),
@@ -111,7 +104,7 @@ class GarfieldMagnet(SequencerMixin, Drivable):
         Note: This may be overridden in derived classes.
         """
         # binary search/bisection
-        maxcurr = self._currentsource.abslimits[1]
+        maxcurr = self.currentsource.abslimits[1]
         mincurr = -maxcurr
         maxfield = self._current2field(maxcurr)
         minfield = -maxfield
@@ -143,26 +136,21 @@ class GarfieldMagnet(SequencerMixin, Drivable):
 
     def initModule(self):
         super().initModule()
-        self._enable = self.DISPATCHER.get_module(self.subdev_enable)
-        self._symmetry = self.DISPATCHER.get_module(self.subdev_symmetry)
-        self._polswitch = self.DISPATCHER.get_module(self.subdev_polswitch)
-        self._currentsource = self.DISPATCHER.get_module(
-            self.subdev_currentsource)
         self.init_sequencer(fault_on_error=False, fault_on_stop=False)
-        self._symmetry.read_value()
+        self.symmetry.read_value()
 
     def read_calibration(self):
         try:
             try:
-                return self.calibrationtable[self._symmetry.value]
+                return self.calibrationtable[self.symmetry.value]
             except KeyError:
-                return self.calibrationtable[self._symmetry.value.name]
+                return self.calibrationtable[self.symmetry.value.name]
         except KeyError:
             minslope = min(entry[0]
                            for entry in self.calibrationtable.values())
             self.log.error(
                 'unconfigured calibration for symmetry %r',
-                self._symmetry.value)
+                self.symmetry.value)
             return [minslope, 0, 0, 0, 0]
 
     def _checkLimits(self, limits):
@@ -182,22 +170,22 @@ class GarfieldMagnet(SequencerMixin, Drivable):
         return limits
 
     def read_abslimits(self):
-        maxfield = self._current2field(self._currentsource.abslimits[1])
+        maxfield = self._current2field(self.currentsource.abslimits[1])
         # limit to configured value (if any)
         maxfield = min(maxfield, max(self.accessibles['abslimits'].default))
         return -maxfield, maxfield
 
     def read_ramp(self):
         # This is an approximation!
-        return self.calibration[0] * abs(self._currentsource.ramp)
+        return self.calibration[0] * abs(self.currentsource.ramp)
 
     def write_ramp(self, newramp):
         # This is an approximation!
-        self._currentsource.ramp = float(newramp) / self.calibration[0]
+        self.currentsource.ramp = float(newramp) / self.calibration[0]
 
     def _get_field_polarity(self):
-        sign = int(self._polswitch.read_value())
-        if self._enable.read_value():
+        sign = int(self.polswitch.read_value())
+        if self.enable.read_value():
             return sign
         return 0
 
@@ -210,35 +198,35 @@ class GarfieldMagnet(SequencerMixin, Drivable):
             return
         if current_pol == 0:
             # safe to switch
-            self._polswitch.write_target(
+            self.polswitch.write_target(
                 '+1' if polarity > 0 else str(polarity))
             return
-        if self._currentsource.value < 0.1:
-            self._polswitch.write_target('0')
+        if self.currentsource.value < 0.1:
+            self.polswitch.write_target('0')
             return
         # unsafe to switch, go to safe state first
-        self._currentsource.write_target(0)
+        self.currentsource.write_target(0)
 
     def read_value(self):
         return self._current2field(
-            self._currentsource.read_value() *
+            self.currentsource.read_value() *
             self._get_field_polarity())
 
     def readHwStatus(self):
         # called from SequencerMixin.read_status if no sequence is running
-        if self._enable.value == 'Off':
+        if self.enable.value == 'Off':
             return self.Status.WARN, 'Disabled'
-        if self._enable.read_status()[0] != self.Status.IDLE:
-            return self._enable.status
-        if self._polswitch.value in ['0', 0]:
-            return self.Status.IDLE, 'Shorted, ' + self._currentsource.status[1]
-        if self._symmetry.value in ['short', 0]:
-            return self._currentsource.status[
-                0], 'Shorted, ' + self._currentsource.status[1]
-        return self._currentsource.read_status()
+        if self.enable.read_status()[0] != self.Status.IDLE:
+            return self.enable.status
+        if self.polswitch.value in ['0', 0]:
+            return self.Status.IDLE, 'Shorted, ' + self.currentsource.status[1]
+        if self.symmetry.value in ['short', 0]:
+            return self.currentsource.status[
+                0], 'Shorted, ' + self.currentsource.status[1]
+        return self.currentsource.read_status()
 
     def write_target(self, target):
-        if target != 0 and self._symmetry.read_value() in ['short', 0]:
+        if target != 0 and self.symmetry.read_value() in ['short', 0]:
             raise DisabledError(
                 'Symmetry is shorted, please select another symmetry first!')
 
@@ -251,7 +239,7 @@ class GarfieldMagnet(SequencerMixin, Drivable):
         seq.append(Step('preparing', 0, self._prepare_ramp))
         seq.append(Step('recover', 0, self._recover))
         if current_polarity != wanted_polarity:
-            if self._currentsource.read_value() > 0.1:
+            if self.currentsource.read_value() > 0.1:
                 # switching only allowed if current is low enough -> ramp down
                 # first
                 seq.append(
@@ -281,54 +269,54 @@ class GarfieldMagnet(SequencerMixin, Drivable):
 
     # steps for the sequencing
     def _prepare_ramp(self, store, *args):
-        store.old_window = self._currentsource.window
-        self._currentsource.window = 1
+        store.old_window = self.currentsource.window
+        self.currentsource.window = 1
 
     def _finish_ramp(self, store, *args):
-        self._currentsource.window = max(store.old_window, 10)
+        self.currentsource.window = max(store.old_window, 10)
 
     def _recover(self, store):
         # check for interlock
-        if self._currentsource.read_status()[0] != self.Status.ERROR:
+        if self.currentsource.read_status()[0] != self.Status.ERROR:
             return
         # recover from interlock
-        ramp = self._currentsource.ramp
-        self._polswitch.write_target('0')  # short is safe...
-        self._polswitch._hw_wait()
-        self._enable.write_target('On')  # else setting ramp won't work
-        self._enable._hw_wait()
-        self._currentsource.ramp = 60000
-        self._currentsource.target = 0
-        self._currentsource.ramp = ramp
+        ramp = self.currentsource.ramp
+        self.polswitch.write_target('0')  # short is safe...
+        self.polswitch._hw_wait()
+        self.enable.write_target('On')  # else setting ramp won't work
+        self.enable._hw_wait()
+        self.currentsource.ramp = 60000
+        self.currentsource.target = 0
+        self.currentsource.ramp = ramp
         # safe state.... if anything of the above fails, the tamperatures may
         # be too hot!
 
     def _ramp_current(self, store, target):
-        if abs(self._currentsource.value - target) <= 0.05:
+        if abs(self.currentsource.value - target) <= 0.05:
             # done with this step if no longer BUSY
-            return self._currentsource.read_status()[0] == 'BUSY'
-        if self._currentsource.status[0] != 'BUSY':
-            if self._enable.status[0] == 'ERROR':
-                self._enable.reset()
-                self._enable.read_status()
-            self._enable.write_target('On')
-            self._enable._hw_wait()
-            self._currentsource.write_target(target)
+            return self.currentsource.read_status()[0] == 'BUSY'
+        if self.currentsource.status[0] != 'BUSY':
+            if self.enable.status[0] == 'ERROR':
+                self.enable.reset()
+                self.enable.read_status()
+            self.enable.write_target('On')
+            self.enable._hw_wait()
+            self.currentsource.write_target(target)
         return True  # repeat
 
     def _ramp_current_cleanup(self, store, step_was_busy, target):
         # don't cleanup if step finished
         if step_was_busy:
-            self._currentsource.write_target(self._currentsource.read_value())
-        self._currentsource.window = max(store.old_window, 10)
+            self.currentsource.write_target(self.currentsource.read_value())
+        self.currentsource.window = max(store.old_window, 10)
 
     def _set_polarity(self, store, target):
-        if self._polswitch.read_status()[0] == self.Status.BUSY:
+        if self.polswitch.read_status()[0] == self.Status.BUSY:
             return True
-        if int(self._polswitch.value) == int(target):
+        if int(self.polswitch.value) == int(target):
             return False  # done with this step
-        if self._polswitch.read_value() != 0:
-            self._polswitch.write_target(0)
+        if self.polswitch.read_value() != 0:
+            self.polswitch.write_target(0)
         else:
-            self._polswitch.write_target(target)
+            self.polswitch.write_target(target)
         return True  # repeat

frappy_mlz/entangle.py

@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ from time import sleep, time as currenttime
 import PyTango
 
 from frappy.datatypes import ArrayOf, EnumType, FloatRange, IntRange, \
-    LimitsType, StringType, TupleOf, ValueType
+    LimitsType, StatusType, StringType, TupleOf, ValueType
 from frappy.errors import CommunicationFailedError, ConfigError, \
-    HardwareError, ProgrammingError
+    HardwareError, ProgrammingError, WrongTypeError
 from frappy.lib import lazy_property
-from frappy.modules import Command, Drivable, Module, Parameter, Readable, \
-    StatusType, Writable, Property
+from frappy.modules import Command, Drivable, Module, Parameter, Property, \
+    Readable, Writable
 
 #####
 
@@ -466,6 +466,31 @@ class AnalogOutput(PyTangoDevice, Drivable):
         # replacement of '$' by main unit must be done later
         self.__main_unit = mainunit
 
+    def _init_abslimits(self):
+        """Get abslimits from tango if not configured. Otherwise, check if both
+        ranges are compatible."""
+        try:
+            tangoabslim = (
+                float(self._getProperty('absmin')),
+                float(self._getProperty('absmax'))
+            )
+            if self.parameters['abslimits'].readerror:
+                # no abslimits configured in frappy. read from entangle
+                self.parameters['abslimits'].readerror = None
+                self.abslimits = tangoabslim
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.log.error(e)
+        # check if compatible
+        try:
+            dt = FloatRange(*tangoabslim)
+            dt.validate(self.parameters['abslimits'].datatype.min)
+            dt.validate(self.parameters['abslimits'].datatype.max)
+        except WrongTypeError as e:
+            raise WrongTypeError(f'Absolute limits configured in frappy \''
+                                f'{self.abslimits}\' extend beyond the limits '
+                                f'defined in entangle \'{tangoabslim}\'!') from e
+
+
     def initModule(self):
         super().initModule()
         # init history
@@ -486,6 +511,7 @@ class AnalogOutput(PyTangoDevice, Drivable):
             self.log.error(e)
         if self.__main_unit:
             super().applyMainUnit(self.__main_unit)
+        self._init_abslimits()
 
     def doPoll(self):
         super().doPoll()
@@ -615,6 +641,7 @@ class AnalogOutput(PyTangoDevice, Drivable):
             sleep(0.3)
 
     def stop(self):
+        """cease driving, go to IDLE state"""
         self._dev.Stop()
 
 

frappy_mlz/plc_zapf.py

@@ -99,6 +99,8 @@ class ZapfPinata(Pinata):
                     'min': max(devinfo.info['absmin'], -UNLIMITED),
                     'max': min(devinfo.info['absmax'], UNLIMITED),
                 }
+                if devinfo.info['unit'] and devinfo.info['basetype'] == 'float':
+                    config['value']['unit'] = devinfo.info['unit']
                 if devinfo.info['access'] == 'rw':
                     config['target'] = {
                         'min': config['value']['min'],
@@ -131,8 +133,6 @@ STATUS_MAP = {
 class PLCBase:
     status = Parameter(datatype=StatusType(Drivable, 'INITIALIZING',
                                            'DISABLED', 'STARTING'))
-    status_code = Parameter('raw internal status code',
-                            IntRange(0, 2**32-1))
     plcio = Property('plc io device', ValueType())
     plc_name = Property('plc io device', StringType(), export=True)
     _pinata = Attached(ZapfPinata) # TODO: make this automatic?
@@ -159,9 +159,15 @@ class PLCBase:
             dataty = cls._map_datatype(info)
             if dataty is None:
                 continue
-            param = Parameter(info['description'],
-                              dataty,
-                              readonly=readonly)
+            if info['basetype'] == 'float' and info['unit']: # TODO: better handling
+                param = Parameter(info['description'],
+                                  dataty,
+                                  unit=info['unit'],
+                                  readonly=readonly)
+            else:
+                param = Parameter(info['description'],
+                                  dataty,
+                                  readonly=readonly)
 
             def read_param(self, parameter=parameter):
                 code, val = self.plcio.get_param_raw(parameter)
@@ -223,7 +229,7 @@ class PLCBase:
         if not add_members:
             return cls
         new_name = '_' + cls.__name__ + '_' \
-                   + internalize_name("blub")
+                   + internalize_name("extended")
         return type(new_name, (cls,), add_members)
 
     @classmethod
@@ -254,10 +260,6 @@ class PLCBase:
             msg.append(self.plcio.decode_errid(err_id))
         return status, ', '.join(msg)
 
-    def read_status_code(self):
-        state, reason, aux, _ = self.plcio.read_status()
-        return state << 28 | reason << 24 | aux
-
     @Command()
     def stop(self):
         """Stop the operation of this module.

frappy_mlz/seop.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -195,19 +194,19 @@ class Nmr(Readable):
         x = val['xval'][:len(val['yval'])]
         return (x, val['yval'])
 
-    @Command(result=TupleOf(ArrayOf(string, maxlen=100),
+    @Command(IntRange(1), result=TupleOf(ArrayOf(string, maxlen=100),
                 ArrayOf(floating, maxlen=100)))
-    def get_amplitude(self):
-        """Last 20 amplitude datapoints."""
-        rv = self.cell.cell.nmr_paramlog_get('amplitude', 20)
+    def get_amplitude(self, count):
+        """Last <count> amplitude datapoints."""
+        rv = self.cell.cell.nmr_paramlog_get('amplitude', count)
         x = [ str(timestamp) for timestamp in rv['xval']]
         return (x,rv['yval'])
 
-    @Command(result=TupleOf(ArrayOf(string, maxlen=100),
+    @Command(IntRange(1), result=TupleOf(ArrayOf(string, maxlen=100),
                 ArrayOf(floating, maxlen=100)))
-    def get_phase(self):
-        """Last 20 phase datapoints."""
-        val = self.cell.cell.nmr_paramlog_get('phase', 20)
+    def get_phase(self, count):
+        """Last <count> phase datapoints."""
+        val = self.cell.cell.nmr_paramlog_get('phase', count)
         return ([str(timestamp) for timestamp in val['xval']], val['yval'])
 
 

frappy_mlz/zebra.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # MLZ library of Tango servers
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2023 by the authors, see LICENSE

frappy_psi/FG_Lecroy_3000.py

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # *****************************************************************************
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 # the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software