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better explanation of subnet masks

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This commit is contained in:
Jeff Hill
2003-02-21 15:59:11 +00:00
parent 4ba569a03f
commit 58db479320
1 changed files with 172 additions and 159 deletions
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@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ height="31" width="88"></a></p>
Common</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>Functionality Index </h3>
<h3>Functionality Index&nbsp;</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="#ca_context_create">create CA client context</a></li>
<li><a href="#ca_context_destroy">terminate CA client context</a></li>
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ height="31" width="88"></a></p>
<li><a href="#ca_clear_channel">delete a channel</a></li>
<li><a href="#ca_put">write to a channel</a></li>
<li><a href="#ca_get">read from a channel</a></li>
<li><a href="#ca_add_event">subscribe for state change updates</a></li>
<li><a href="#ca_add_event">subscribe&nbsp;for state change updates</a></li>
<li><a href="#ca_clear_event">cancel a subscription</a></li>
<li><a href="#ca_pend_io">block for certain requests to complete</a></li>
<li><a href="#ca_test_io">test to see if certain requests have
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ height="31" width="88"></a></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="#ca_add_event">ca_add_event</a></li>
<li><a href="#ca_add_exception_event">ca_add_exception_event</a></li>
<li><a href="#ca_attach_context">ca_attach_context </a></li>
<li><a href="#ca_attach_context">ca_attach_context&nbsp;</a></li>
<li><a href="#ca_clear_channel">ca_clear_channel</a></li>
<li><a href="#ca_clear_event">ca_clear_event</a></li>
<li><a href="#ca_client_status">ca_client_status</a></li>
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ files is used.</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPICS_CA_SERVER_PORT</td>
<td>i &gt; 5000</td>
<td>i&nbsp;&gt; 5000</td>
<td>5064</td>
</tr>
<tr>
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ shell that is in use.</p>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>C shell</td>
<td>setenv EPICS_CA_ADDR_LIST  1.2.3.4</td>
<td>setenv EPICS_CA_ADDR_LIST&nbsp; 1.2.3.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>bash</td>
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ shell that is in use.</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vxWorks shell</td>
<td>putenv ( "EPICS_CA_ADDR_LIST =1.2.3.4" )</td>
<td>putenv ( "EPICS_CA_ADDR_LIST&nbsp;=1.2.3.4" )</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DOS command line</td>
@@ -299,25 +299,25 @@ when EPICS is extended to operate over a wide area network (WAN).</p>
<h3><a name="Network">IP Network Administration Background
Information</a></h3>
<p>Channel Access is implemented using internet protocols (IP). IP addresses
are divided into host and network portions. The boundary between each portion
is determined by the IP netmask. Portions of the IP address corresponding to
zeros in the netmask specify the hosts address within an IP subnet. Portions
of the IP address corresponding to binary ones in the netmask specify the
address of a host's IP subnet. Normally the scope of a broadcasted frame will
be limited to one IP subnet. Addresses with the host address portion set to
all zeros or all ones are special. Modern IP kernel implementations reserve
destination addresses with the host portion set to all ones for the purpose
of addressing broadcasts to a particular subnet. In theory we can issue a
broadcast frame on any broadcast capable LAN within the interconnected
internet by specifying the proper subnet address combined with a host portion
set to all ones. In practice these "directed broadcasts" are frequently
limited by the default router configuration. The proper directed broadcast
address required to reach a particular host can be obtained by logging into
that host and typing the command required by your local operating
environment. Ignore the loop back interface and use the broadcast address
associated with an interface connected to a path through the network to your
client. Typically there will be only one Ethernet interface.</p>
<p>Channel Access is implemented&nbsp;using internet protocols (IP). IP
addresses are divided into host and network portions. The boundary between
each portion is determined by the IP netmask. Portions of the IP address
corresponding to zeros in the netmask specify the hosts address within an IP
subnet. Portions of the IP address corresponding to binary ones in the
netmask specify the address of a host's IP subnet. Normally the scope of a
broadcasted frame will be limited to one IP subnet. Addresses with the host
address portion set to all zeros or all ones are special. Modern IP kernel
implementations reserve destination addresses with the host portion set to
all ones for the purpose of addressing broadcasts to a particular subnet. In
theory we can issue a broadcast frame on any broadcast capable LAN within the
interconnected internet by specifying the proper subnet address combined with
a host portion set to all ones. In practice these "directed broadcasts" are
frequently limited by the default router configuration. The proper directed
broadcast address required to reach a particular host can be obtained by
logging into that host and typing the command required by your local
operating environment. Ignore the loop back interface and use the broadcast
address associated with an interface connected to a path through the network
to your client. Typically there will be only one Ethernet interface.</p>
<table border="1">
<tbody>
@@ -354,9 +354,9 @@ instance, a site might set up an operational control system and a test
control system on the same network. In this situation it is desirable for the
test system and the operational system to use identical PV names without fear
of collision. Usually the best choice is to assign new port numbers to the
operational system and allow the test system to use the default CA port
numbers. A site might also configure the CA port numbers because some other
facility has already using the CA default port numbers.</p>
operational system&nbsp;and allow the test system to use the&nbsp;default CA
port numbers. A site might also configure the CA port numbers&nbsp;because
some other facility is already using the default port numbers.</p>
<table cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="80%" border="1">
<col><tbody>
@@ -616,9 +616,9 @@ placed in the variable EPICS_TS_MIN_WEST.</p>
the largest array that may pass through CA. This parameter must be set
appropriately for both the CA client and the CA server. In EPICS R3.14 CA
maintains a free list of 16384 byte network buffers that are used for
ordinary communication. If EPICS_CA_MAX_ARRAY_BYTES  is larger than 16384
then a second free list of larger data buffers is established when clients
request transportation of large arrays.</p>
ordinary communication. If EPICS_CA_MAX_ARRAY_BYTES&nbsp; is larger than
16384 then a second free list of larger data buffers is established when
clients request transportation of large arrays.</p>
<h3><a name="Configurin2">Configuring a CA Server</a></h3>
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ request transportation of large arrays.</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPICS_CAS_SERVER_PORT</td>
<td>i &gt; 5000</td>
<td>i&nbsp;&gt; 5000</td>
<td>EPICS_CA_SERVER_PORT</td>
</tr>
<tr>
@@ -646,12 +646,12 @@ request transportation of large arrays.</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPICS_CAS_BEACON_PERIOD</td>
<td>r &gt; 0.1 seconds</td>
<td>r&nbsp;&gt; 0.1 seconds</td>
<td>15.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPICS_CAS_BEACON_PORT</td>
<td>i &gt; 5000</td>
<td>i&nbsp;&gt; 5000</td>
<td>EPICS_CA_REPEATER_PORT</td>
</tr>
<tr>
@@ -810,7 +810,14 @@ Match</a></h4>
<p>Verify that the broadcast addresses are identical on the server's host and
on the client's host. This can be checked on UNIX with "netstat -i" or
"ifconfig -a"; on vxWorks with ifShow; and on windows with ipconfig.</p>
"ifconfig -a"; on vxWorks with ifShow; and on windows with ipconfig. It is
normal for the broadcast addresses to not be idenical if the client and
server are not directl,y attached to the same IP subnet, and in this
situtaion the EPICS_CA_ADDR_LIST must be set. Otherwise, if the client and
server should be on the same IP subnet, then the problem may be that the
netmask is incorrectly set in the network interface configuration. On most
operating systems when the host's IP address is configured the host's IP
subnet mask is also configured .</p>
<h4><a name="Client">Client Isnt Configured to Use the Server's Port</a></h4>
@@ -1154,9 +1161,9 @@ void myCallback ( struct event_handler_args args )
<h3><a name="Channel1">Channel Access Exceptions</a></h3>
<p>When the server detects a failure, and there is no client call back
function attached to the request, then an exception handler is executed in
the client. The default exception handler prints a message on the console and
exits if the exception condition is severe. Certain internal exceptions
function attached to the request, then&nbsp;an exception handler is executed
in the client. The default exception handler prints a message on the console
and exits if the exception condition is severe. Certain internal exceptions
within the CA client library, and failures detected by the SEVCHK macro may
also cause the exception handler to be invoked. To modify this behavior see
<a href="#ca_add_exception_event">ca_add_exception_event()</a>.</p>
@@ -1176,15 +1183,15 @@ by the CA library functions that request them.</p>
<h3><a name="Arrays">Arrays</a></h3>
<p>For routines that require an argument specifying the number of array
elements, no more than the process variable's maximum native element count
may be requested. The process variable's maximum native element count is
available from ca_element_count() when the channel is connected. If less
elements than the process variable's native element count are requested the
requested values will be fetched beginning at element zero. By default CA
limits the number of elements in an array to be no more than approximately
16k divided by the size of one element in the array. Starting with EPICS
R3.14 the maximum array size may be configured in the client and in the
server.</p>
elements, no more than the&nbsp;process variable's maximum&nbsp;native
element count may be requested. The process variable's&nbsp;maximum native
element count is available from ca_element_count() when the channel is
connected. If less elements than the process variable's native element count
are requested the requested values will be fetched beginning at element zero.
By default CA limits the number of elements in an array to be no more than
approximately 16k divided by the size of one element in the array. Starting
with EPICS R3.14 the maximum array size may be configured in the client and
in the server.</p>
<h3><a name="Connection">Connection Management</a></h3>
@@ -1235,8 +1242,8 @@ called by CA's auxiliary threads when the main initiating channel access
thread is not inside of a function in the channel access client library.
Otherwise, the user's call back functions will be called only when the main
initiating channel access thread is executing inside of the CA client
library. When the CA client library invokes a user's call back function it
will always wait for the current callback to complete prior to executing
library. When the CA client library invokes a user's&nbsp;call back function
it will always wait for the current callback to complete prior to executing
another call back function.</p>
<h3><a name="Polling">Polling the CA Client Library From Single Threaded
@@ -1327,7 +1334,7 @@ void ca_context_destroy();</pre>
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Shut down a channel access client context and free any resources
<p>Shut down a&nbsp;channel access client context and free any resources
allocated. On most operating systems this is performed automatically at
process exit.</p>
@@ -1365,9 +1372,9 @@ call that operates on a channel.</p>
<p>The circuit may be initially connected or disconnected depending on the
state of the network and the location of the channel. A channel will
only enter a connected state after server's address is determined, and only
if channel access successfully establishes a virtual circuit through the
network to the server. Channel access routines that send a request to a
only&nbsp;enter a&nbsp;connected state after server's address is determined,
and only if channel access successfully establishes a virtual circuit through
the network to the server. Channel access routines that send a request to a
server will return ECA_DISCONNCHID if the channel is currently
disconnected.</p>
@@ -1405,9 +1412,9 @@ any time.</p>
<dd>A nil terminated process variable name string. EPICS process control
function block database variable names are of the form "&lt;record
name&gt;.&lt;field name&gt;". If the field name and the period
separator are omitted then the "VAL" field is implicit. For example
"RFHV01" and "RFHV01.VAL" reference the same EPICS process control
function block database variable.</dd>
separator are omitted then&nbsp;the "VAL" field is implicit. For
example "RFHV01" and "RFHV01.VAL" reference the same EPICS process
control function block database variable.</dd>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt><code>USERFUNC</code></dt>
@@ -1430,10 +1437,10 @@ any time.</p>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt><code>PUSER</code></dt>
<dd>The value of this void pointer argument is retained in
storage associated with the specified channel. See the MACROS manual
page for reading and writing this field. Casual users of channel access
may wish to set this field to nil or 0.</dd>
<dd>The value of this void&nbsp;pointer argument is&nbsp;retained in
storage&nbsp;associated with the specified channel. See the MACROS
manual page for reading and writing this field. Casual users of channel
access may wish to set this field to nil or 0.</dd>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt><code>PRIORITY</code></dt>
@@ -1472,7 +1479,7 @@ int ca_clear_channel (evid CHID);</code></pre>
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Shutdown and reclaim resources associated with a channel created by
<p>Shutdown and reclaim resources&nbsp;associated with a channel created by
ca_create_channel().</p>
<p>All remote operation requests such as the above are accumulated (buffered)
@@ -1482,7 +1489,7 @@ efficiently sent over the network in one message.</p>
<p>Clearing a channel does not cause its disconnect handler to be called, but
clearing a channel does shutdown and reclaim any channel state change event
subscriptions (monitors) registered with the channel.</p>
subscriptions&nbsp;(monitors) registered&nbsp;with the&nbsp;channel.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
@@ -1516,17 +1523,17 @@ int ca_array_put_callback ( chtype TYPE,
<p>Write a scalar or array value to a process variable.</p>
<p>When ca_array_put  or ca_put are invoked the client will receive no
<p>When ca_array_put&nbsp; or ca_put are invoked the client will receive no
response unless the request can not be fulfilled in the server. If
unsuccessful an exception handler is run on the client side. If a connection
is lost and then resumed outstanding ca_array_put  or ca_put  requests are
not automatically reissued following reconnect, and no additional
notification are provided to the user for each put request.</p>
is lost and then resumed outstanding ca_array_put&nbsp; or ca_put&nbsp;
requests are not automatically reissued following reconnect, and no
additional notification are provided to the user for each put request.</p>
<p>When ca_array_put_callback are invoked the user supplied asynchronous call
back is called only after the initiated write operation and all actions
resulting from the initiating write operation complete. If unsuccessful the
call back function is invoked indicating bad status. If the channel
back is called only after the initiated&nbsp;write operation and all actions
resulting from the initiating&nbsp;write operation complete. If unsuccessful
the call back function is invoked indicating bad status. If the channel
disconnects before a put callback request can be completed, then the client's
call back function is called with bad status, but this does not guarantee
that the server did not receive and process the request before the
@@ -1563,8 +1570,8 @@ message.</p>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt><code>PFUNC</code></dt>
<dd>address of <a href="#User">user supplied callback function</a> to be
run when the requested operation completes</dd>
<dd>address of <a href="#User">user supplied&nbsp;callback function</a>
to be run when the requested operation completes</dd>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt><code>USERARG</code></dt>
@@ -1617,11 +1624,11 @@ assumed to be stable in the application supplied buffer until after
ECA_NORMAL is returned from ca_pend_io. If a connection is lost outstanding
get requests are not automatically reissued following reconnect.</p>
When ca_get_callback or ca_array_get_callback are invoked a value is read
from the channel and then the user's callback is invoked with a pointer to
the retrieved value. Note that ca_pend_io will not block for the delivery of
values requested by ca_get_callback. If the channel disconnects before a get
callback request can be completed, then the clients call back function is
called with bad status.
from&nbsp;the channel and then the user's callback is invoked with a pointer
to the retrieved value. Note that ca_pend_io will not block for the delivery
of values requested by ca_get_callback. If the channel disconnects before a
get callback request can be completed, then the clients call back function is
called with bad status.
<p>All of these functions return ECA_DISCONN if the channel is currently
disconnected.</p>
@@ -1711,26 +1718,27 @@ int ca_add_masked_array_event ( chtype TYPE,
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Register a state change subscription and specify a call back function to
be invoked whenever the process variable undergoes significant state changes.
A significant change can be a change in the process variable's value, alarm
status, or alarm severity. In the process control function block database the
deadband field determines the magnitude of a significant change for for the
process variable's value. Each call to this function consumes resources in
the client library and potentially a CA server until one of ca_clear_channel
or ca_clear_event is called.</p>
be invoked whenever&nbsp;the process variable undergoes&nbsp;significant
state changes. A significant change can be a change in the process variable's
value, alarm status, or alarm severity. In the process control function block
database the deadband field determines the magnitude of a significant change
for for the process variable's value. Each call to this function consumes
resources in the client library and potentially a CA server until one of
ca_clear_channel or ca_clear_event is called.</p>
<p>Subscriptions may be installed or canceled against both connected and
disconnected channels. The specified USERFUNC is called once immediately
after the subscription is installed with the process variable's current state
if the process variable is connected. Otherwise, the specified USERFUNC is
called immediately after establishing a connection (or reconnection) with the
process variable. The specified USERFUNC is called immediately with the
process variable's current state from within ca_add_event() if the client and
the process variable share the same address space.</p>
<p>Subscriptions may be installed&nbsp;or canceled&nbsp;against both
connected and disconnected channels. The specified USERFUNC is called once
immediately after the subscription is installed with the process variable's
current state if the process variable is connected. Otherwise, the specified
USERFUNC is called immediately after establishing a connection (or
reconnection) with the process variable. The specified USERFUNC is called
immediately with the process variable's current state from within
ca_add_event() if the client and the process variable share the same address
space.</p>
<p>If a subscription is installed on a channel in a disconnected state then
the requested count will be set to the native maximum element count of the
channel if the requested count is larger.</p>
<p>If a subscription is installed&nbsp;on a channel in a disconnected state
then the requested count will be set to the native maximum element count of
the channel if the requested count is larger.</p>
<p>All subscription requests such as the above are accumulated (buffered) and
not forwarded to the IOC until one of ca_flush_io, ca_pend_io, ca_pend_event,
@@ -1739,9 +1747,9 @@ over the network in one message.</p>
<p>If at any time after subscribing, read access to the specified process
variable is lost, then the call back will be invoked immediately indicating
that read access was lost via the status argument. When read access is
that read access was lost&nbsp;via the status argument. When read access is
restored normal event processing will resume starting always with at
least one update indicating the current state of the channel.</p>
least&nbsp;one update indicating the current state of the channel.</p>
<p>A better name for this function might have been ca_subscribe.</p>
@@ -1767,8 +1775,9 @@ least
</dl>
<dl>
<dt><code>USRERFUNC</code></dt>
<dd>The address of <a href="#User">user supplied callback function</a> to
be invoked with each subscription update.</dd>
<dd>The address of <a href="#User">user supplied
callback&nbsp;function</a> to be invoked with each subscription
update.</dd>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt><code>USERARG</code></dt>
@@ -1784,7 +1793,8 @@ least
<dt><code>PEVID</code></dt>
<dd>This is a pointer to user supplied event id which is overwritten if
successful. This event id can later be used to clear a specific
event. This option may may be omitted by passing a nil pointer.</dd>
event.&nbsp;This option may&nbsp;may be omitted by passing a nil
pointer.</dd>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt><code>MASK</code></dt>
@@ -1832,7 +1842,7 @@ int ca_clear_event ( evid EVID );</code></pre>
<p>Cancel a subscription.</p>
<p>All ca_clear_event() requests such as the above are accumulated (buffered)
and not forwarded to the server until one of ca_flush_io, ca_pend_io,
and not forwarded to the&nbsp;server until one of ca_flush_io, ca_pend_io,
ca_pend_event, or ca_sg_pend are called. This allows several requests to be
efficiently sent together in one message.</p>
@@ -1869,19 +1879,19 @@ time.</p>
</ul>
<p>If ECA_TIMEOUT is returned then get requests may be reissued followed by a
subsequent call to ca_pend_io(). Specifically, the function will block only
for outstanding outstanding <a href="#ca_get">ca_get</a> requests issued, and
also any channels created specifying a nill connection handler function
pointer, after the last call to ca_pend_io() or ca client context creation
whichever is later. Note that <a
subsequent call to ca_pend_io().&nbsp;Specifically,&nbsp;the function will
block&nbsp;only for outstanding outstanding <a href="#ca_get">ca_get</a>
requests issued, and also any channels created specifying a nill connection
handler function pointer, after the last call to ca_pend_io() or ca client
context creation whichever is later. Note that <a
href="#ca_create_channel">ca_create_channel</a> requests should not be
reissued unless <a href="#ca_clear_channel">ca_clear_channel</a> is called
first.</p>
<p>If no <a href="#ca_get">ca_get</a> or connection state change events are
outstanding then ca_pend_io() will flush the send buffer and return
immediately <em>without processing any outstanding channel access background
activities</em>.</p>
immediately <em>without&nbsp;processing any outstanding channel access
background activities</em>.</p>
<p>The delay specified to ca_pend_io() should take into account worst case
network delays such as Ethernet collision exponential back off until
@@ -1895,7 +1905,7 @@ are pending.</p>
<dl>
<dt>TIMEOUT</dt>
<dd>Specifies the time out interval. A <code>TIMEOUT</code> interval of
zero specifies forever.</dd>
zero&nbsp;specifies&nbsp;forever.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
@@ -1920,12 +1930,13 @@ int ca_test_io();</code></pre>
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>This function tests to see if all <a href="#ca_get">ca_get</a> requests
are complete and channels created specifying a nill connection callback
function pointer are connected. It will report the status of outstanding <a
href="#ca_get">ca_get</a> requests issued, and channels created specifying a
nill connection callback function pointer, after the last call to
ca_pend_io() or CA context initialization whichever is later.</p>
<p>This function tests to see if all&nbsp;<a href="#ca_get">ca_get</a>
requests are complete and channels created specifying a nill connection
callback function pointer are connected. It will report the status of
outstanding <a href="#ca_get">ca_get</a> requests issued, and channels
created specifying a nill connection callback function pointer, after the
last call to ca_pend_io() or&nbsp;CA context initialization&nbsp;whichever is
later.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
@@ -1978,9 +1989,10 @@ int ca_flush_io();</pre>
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Flush outstanding IO requests to the server. This routine might be useful
to users who need to flush requests prior to performing client side labor in
parallel with labor performed in the server.</p>
<p>Flush&nbsp;outstanding IO requests to the server.&nbsp;This routine might
be useful to&nbsp;users&nbsp;who need&nbsp;to flush requests&nbsp;prior
to&nbsp;performing client side labor in parallel with labor performed in the
server.</p>
<p>Outstanding requests are also sent whenever the buffer which holds them
becomes full.</p>
@@ -2022,7 +2034,7 @@ for this purpose.</p>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt><code>CONTEXT_STRING</code></dt>
<dd>A null terminated character string to supply as error context to
<dd>A null terminated character string to&nbsp;supply as error context to
diagnostics.</dd>
</dl>
@@ -2043,10 +2055,10 @@ back.</p>
<p>When an error occurs in the server asynchronous to the clients thread then
information about this type of error is passed from the server to the client
in an exception message. When the client receives this exception message an
exception handler callback is called.The default exception handler prints a
diagnostic message on the client's standard out and terminates execution if
the error condition is severe.</p>
in an exception message. When the client receives&nbsp;this exception message
an exception handler callback is called.The default exception handler prints
a diagnostic message on the client's standard out and terminates
execution&nbsp;if the error condition is severe.</p>
<p>Note that certain fields in "struct exception_handler_args" are not
applicable in the context of some error messages. For instance, a failed get
@@ -2161,7 +2173,7 @@ specified channel.</p>
<li>whenever the access rights state of a connected channel changes</li>
</ul>
<p>When a channel is created no access rights handler is installed.</p>
<p>When a channel is created&nbsp;no access rights handler is installed.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
@@ -2213,8 +2225,8 @@ chtype ca_field_type ( CHID );</code></pre>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>TYPE</code></dt>
<dd>The data type code will be a member of the set of DBF_XXXX in
db_access.h. The constant TYPENOTCONN is returned if the channel is
<dd>The data type code will be&nbsp;a member of the&nbsp;set of DBF_XXXX
in db_access.h. The constant TYPENOTCONN is returned if the channel is
disconnected.<a name="ca_element_count"></a></dd>
</dl>
@@ -2224,8 +2236,8 @@ unsigned ca_element_count ( CHID );</code></pre>
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Return the maximum array element count in  the server for the specified IO
channel.</p>
<p>Return the maximum array element count in&nbsp; the server for the
specified IO channel.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
@@ -2236,8 +2248,8 @@ channel.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>COUNT</code></dt>
<dd>The maximum array element count in  the server. An element count of
zero is returned if the channel is disconnected.</dd>
<dd>The&nbsp;maximum array element count in&nbsp; the server. An element
count of zero is returned if the channel is disconnected.</dd>
</dl>
<h3><code><a name="L6931">ca_name()</a></code></h3>
@@ -2267,8 +2279,8 @@ void ca_set_puser ( chid CHID, void *PUSER );</code></pre>
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Set a user private void pointer variable retained with each channel for
use at the users discretion.</p>
<p>Set&nbsp;a user private void pointer variable retained with each channel
for use at the users discretion.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
@@ -2376,8 +2388,8 @@ int ca_read_access ( CHID );</code></pre>
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Returns boolean true if the client currently has read access to the
specified channel and boolean false otherwise.</p>
<p>Returns&nbsp;boolean true&nbsp;if the client currently has read access to
the specified channel and&nbsp;boolean false&nbsp;otherwise.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
@@ -2388,8 +2400,8 @@ specified channel and
<h4>Returns</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>STRING</code></dt>
<dd>boolean true if the client currently has read access to the specified
channel and boolean false otherwise</dd>
<dd>boolean true&nbsp;if the client currently has read access to the
specified channel and&nbsp;boolean false&nbsp;otherwise</dd>
</dl>
<h3><code><a name="L6941">ca_write_access()</a></code></h3>
@@ -2398,8 +2410,8 @@ int ca_write_access ( CHID );</code></pre>
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Returns boolean true if the client currently has write access to the
specified channel and boolean false otherwise.</p>
<p>Returns&nbsp;boolean true&nbsp;if the client currently has&nbsp;write
access to the specified channel and&nbsp;boolean false&nbsp;otherwise.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
@@ -2410,8 +2422,8 @@ specified channel and
<h4>Returns</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>STRING</code></dt>
<dd>boolean true if the client currently has write access to the
specified channel and boolean false otherwise</dd>
<dd>boolean true&nbsp;if the client currently has write access to the
specified channel and&nbsp;boolean false&nbsp;otherwise</dd>
</dl>
<h3><code><a name="dbr_size[]">dbr_size[]</a></code></h3>
@@ -2420,13 +2432,13 @@ extern unsigned dbr_size[/*TYPE*/];</code></pre>
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>An array that returns the size in bytes for a DBR_XXXX type.</p>
<p>An&nbsp;array that returns the size in bytes for a DBR_XXXX type.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>TYPE</code></dt>
<dd>The data type code. A member of the set of DBF_XXXX in
db_access.h.</dd>
<dd>The data type code.&nbsp;A member of the&nbsp;set of DBF_XXXX in
db_access.h.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
@@ -2441,11 +2453,11 @@ unsigned dbr_size_n ( TYPE, COUNT );</code></pre>
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Returns the size in bytes for a DBR_XXXX type with COUNT elements. If the
DBR type is a structure then the value field is the last field in the
structure. If COUNT is greater than one then COUNT-1 elements are appended to
the end of the structure so that they can be addressed as an array through a
pointer to the value field.</p>
<p>Returns the size in bytes for a DBR_XXXX type with&nbsp;COUNT
elements.&nbsp;If the DBR type is a structure then the value field is the
last field in the structure. If COUNT is greater than one then COUNT-1
elements are appended to the end of the structure so that they can be
addressed as an array through a pointer to the value field.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
@@ -2477,8 +2489,8 @@ field is returned otherwise the size of the type is returned.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>TYPE</code></dt>
<dd>The data type code. A member of the set of DBF_XXXX in
db_access.h.</dd>
<dd>The data type code.&nbsp;A member of the&nbsp;set of DBF_XXXX in
db_access.h.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
@@ -2500,8 +2512,8 @@ dbr type.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>TYPE</code></dt>
<dd>The data type code. A member of the set of DBR_XXXX in
db_access.h.</dd>
<dd>The data type code.&nbsp;A member of the&nbsp;set of DBR_XXXX in
db_access.h.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
@@ -2625,8 +2637,9 @@ processing any pending channel access activities.</p>
<p>Values written into your program's variables by a channel access
synchronous group request should not be referenced by your program until
ECA_NORMAL has been received from ca_sg_block(). This routine will process
pending channel access background activity while it is waiting.</p>
ECA_NORMAL has been received from ca_sg_block(). This routine
will&nbsp;process pending&nbsp;channel access background activity while it is
waiting.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
@@ -2657,7 +2670,7 @@ SEVCHK(status, Sync group block failed);</code></pre>
<h3><code><a name="ca_sg_test">ca_sg_test()</a></code></h3>
<pre><code>#include &lt;cadef.h&gt;
int ca_sg_test  ( CA_SYNC_GID GID )</code></pre>
int ca_sg_test&nbsp; ( CA_SYNC_GID GID )</code></pre>
<h4>Description</h4>
@@ -2716,7 +2729,7 @@ status = ca_sg_reset(gid);</code></pre>
int ca_sg_array_put ( CA_SYNC_GID GID, chtype TYPE,
unsigned long COUNT, chid CHID, void *PVALUE );</code></pre>
<p>Write a value, or array of values, to a channel and increment the
<p>Write a value, or array of values, to a channel and&nbsp;increment the
outstanding request count of a synchronous group.</p>
<p>All remote operation requests such as the above are accumulated (buffered)
@@ -2814,7 +2827,7 @@ reissued.</p>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt><code>CHID</code></dt>
<dd>channel identifier</dd>
<dd>channel&nbsp;identifier</dd>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt><code>PVALUE</code></dt>
@@ -2824,9 +2837,9 @@ reissued.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>ECA_NORMAL - Normal successful completion </p>
<p>ECA_NORMAL - Normal successful completion&nbsp;</p>
<p>ECA_BADSYNCGRP - Invalid synchronous group </p>
<p>ECA_BADSYNCGRP - Invalid synchronous group&nbsp;</p>
<p>ECA_BADCHID - Corrupted CHID</p>
@@ -2852,7 +2865,7 @@ int ca_context_status ( struct ca_client_context *,
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Prints information about the client context including, at higher interest
levels, status for each channel.</p>
levels,&nbsp;status for each channel.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>