Merge pull request #234 from tiqi-group/release-v0.10.15

updates version to 0.10.15

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

@@ -18,7 +18,10 @@ Provide steps to reproduce the behaviour, including a minimal code snippet (if a
 ## Expected behaviour
 A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen.
 
-## Screenshot/Video
+## Actual behaviour
+Describe what you see instead of the expected behaviour.
+
+### Screenshot/Video
 If applicable, add visual content that helps explain your problem.
 
 ## Additional context

.github/workflows/publish-to-pypi.yaml

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: Build a binary wheel and a source tarball
       run: python3 -m build
     - name: Store the distribution packages
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
       with:
         name: python-package-distributions
         path: dist/
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - name: Download all the dists
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
       with:
         name: python-package-distributions
         path: dist/
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - name: Download all the dists
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
       with:
         name: python-package-distributions
         path: dist/

.github/workflows/python-package.yml

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
       run: |
         python -m pip install --upgrade pip
         python -m pip install poetry
-        poetry install --with dev
+        poetry install --with dev --all-extras
     - name: Check with ruff
       run: |
         poetry run ruff check src

README.md

@@ -226,44 +226,15 @@ For details, please see [here](https://pydase.readthedocs.io/en/stable/user-guid
 
 ## Logging in pydase
 
-The `pydase` library organizes its loggers on a per-module basis, mirroring the Python package hierarchy. This structured approach allows for granular control over logging levels and behaviour across different parts of the library.
+The `pydase` library provides structured, per-module logging with support for log level configuration, rich formatting, and optional client identification in logs.
 
-### Changing the Log Level
+To configure logging in your own service, you can use:
 
-You have two primary ways to adjust the log levels in `pydase`:
+```python
+from pydase.utils.logging import configure_logging_with_pydase_formatter
+```
 
-1. directly targeting `pydase` loggers
-
-   You can set the log level for any `pydase` logger directly in your code. This method is useful for fine-tuning logging levels for specific modules within `pydase`. For instance, if you want to change the log level of the main `pydase` logger or target a submodule like `pydase.data_service`, you can do so as follows:
-
-   ```python
-   # <your_script.py>
-   import logging
-
-   # Set the log level for the main pydase logger
-   logging.getLogger("pydase").setLevel(logging.INFO)
-
-   # Optionally, target a specific submodule logger
-   # logging.getLogger("pydase.data_service").setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
-
-   # Your logger for the current script
-   logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-   logger.info("My info message.")
-   ```
-
-   This approach allows for specific control over different parts of the `pydase` library, depending on your logging needs.
-
-2. using the `ENVIRONMENT` environment variable
-
-   For a more global setting that affects the entire `pydase` library, you can utilize the `ENVIRONMENT` environment variable. Setting this variable to "production" will configure all `pydase` loggers to only log messages of level "INFO" and above, filtering out more verbose logging. This is particularly useful for production environments where excessive logging can be overwhelming or unnecessary.
-
-   ```bash
-   ENVIRONMENT="production" python -m <module_using_pydase>
-   ```
-
-   In the absence of this setting, the default behavior is to log everything of level "DEBUG" and above, suitable for development environments where more detailed logs are beneficial.
-
-**Note**: It is recommended to avoid calling the `pydase.utils.logging.setup_logging` function directly, as this may result in duplicated logging messages.
+For more information, see the [full guide](https://pydase.readthedocs.io/en/stable/user-guide/Logging/).
 
 ## Documentation
 
@@ -273,6 +244,14 @@ The full documentation provides more detailed information about `pydase`, includ
 
 We welcome contributions! Please see [contributing.md](https://pydase.readthedocs.io/en/stable/about/contributing/) for details on how to contribute.
 
+## Acknowledgements
+
+This work was funded by the [ETH Zurich-PSI Quantum Computing Hub](https://www.psi.ch/en/lnq/qchub).
+
+The main idea behind `pydase` is based on a previous project called `tiqi-plugin`, which
+was developed within the same research group. While the concept was inspired by that
+project, `pydase` was implemented from the ground up with a new architecture and design.
+
 ## License
 
 `pydase` is licensed under the [MIT License][License].

docs/dev-guide/api.md

@@ -1,6 +1,15 @@
 ::: pydase.data_service
     handler: python
 
+::: pydase.data_service.data_service_cache
+    handler: python
+
+::: pydase.data_service.data_service_observer
+    handler: python
+
+::: pydase.data_service.state_manager
+    handler: python
+
 ::: pydase.server.server
     handler: python
 
@@ -38,6 +47,9 @@
     options:
       filters: ["!render_in_frontend"]
 
+::: pydase.utils.logging
+    handler: python
+
 ::: pydase.units
     handler: python
 

docs/getting-started.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
    end="<!--getting-started-end-->"
 %}
 
-[RESTful API]: ./user-guide/interaction/README.md#restful-api
-[Python RPC Client]: ./user-guide/interaction/README.md#python-rpc-client
+[RESTful API]: ./user-guide/interaction/RESTful-API.md
+[Python RPC Client]: ./user-guide/interaction/Python-Client.md
 [Custom Components]: ./user-guide/Components.md#custom-components-pydasecomponents
 [Components]: ./user-guide/Components.md

docs/index.md

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 [Defining DataService]: ./getting-started.md#defining-a-dataservice
 [Web Interface Access]: ./getting-started.md#accessing-the-web-interface
 [Short RPC Client]: ./getting-started.md#connecting-to-the-service-via-python-rpc-client
-[Customizing Web Interface]: ./user-guide/interaction/README.md#customization-options
+[Customizing Web Interface]: ./user-guide/interaction/Auto-generated-Frontend.md#customization-options
 [Task Management]: ./user-guide/Tasks.md
 [Units]: ./user-guide/Understanding-Units.md
 [Property Validation]: ./user-guide/Validating-Property-Setters.md

docs/user-guide/Configuration.md

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ example of how to separate service code from configuration.
 
 - **`ENVIRONMENT`**:  
   Defines the operation mode (`"development"` or `"production"`), which influences 
-  behaviour such as logging (see [Logging in pydase](https://github.com/tiqi-group/pydase?tab=readme-ov-file#logging-in-pydase)).
+  behaviour such as logging (see [Logging in pydase](./Logging.md)).
 
 - **`SERVICE_CONFIG_DIR`**:  
   Specifies the directory for configuration files (e.g., `web_settings.json`). Defaults
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ example of how to separate service code from configuration.
   port. Default: `8001`.
 
 - **`GENERATE_WEB_SETTINGS`**:  
-  When `true`, generates or updates the `web_settings.json` file. Existing entries are 
-  preserved, and new entries are appended.
+  When `true`, generates or updates the `web_settings.json` file (see [Tailoring Frontend Component Layout](./interaction/Auto-generated-Frontend.md#tailoring-frontend-component-layout)).
+  Existing entries are preserved, and new entries are appended.
 
 ### Configuring `pydase` via Keyword Arguments
 
@@ -70,32 +70,32 @@ server = Server(
 
 ## Separating Service Code from Configuration
 
-To decouple configuration from code, `pydase` utilizes `confz` for configuration 
-management. Below is an example that demonstrates how to configure a `pydase` service 
+To decouple configuration from code, `pydase` utilizes `confz` for configuration
+management. Below is an example that demonstrates how to configure a `pydase` service
 for a sensor readout application.
 
 ### Scenario: Configuring a Sensor Service
 
-Imagine you have multiple sensors distributed across your lab. You need to configure 
+Imagine you have multiple sensors distributed across your lab. You need to configure
 each service instance with:
 
 1. **Hostname**: The hostname or IP address of the sensor.
 2. **Authentication Token**: A token or credentials to authenticate with the sensor.
-3. **Readout Interval**: A periodic interval to read sensor data and log it to a 
+3. **Readout Interval**: A periodic interval to read sensor data and log it to a
   database.
 
 Given the repository structure:
 
 ```bash title="Service Repository Structure"
 my_sensor
-├── pyproject.toml        
-├── README.md             
-└── src                   
-    └── my_sensor       
+├── pyproject.toml
+├── README.md
+└── src
+    └── my_sensor
         ├── my_sensor.py
-        ├── config.py     
-        ├── __init__.py   
-        └── __main__.py   
+        ├── config.py
+        ├── __init__.py
+        └── __main__.py
 ```
 
 Your service might look like this:
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class MySensorConfig(confz.BaseConfig):
 
 This class defines configurable parameters and loads values from a `config.yaml` file
 located in the service’s configuration directory (which is configurable through an 
-environment variable, see [above](#configuring-pydase-using-environment-variables)).  
+environment variable, see [above](#configuring-pydase-using-environment-variables)).
 A sample YAML file might look like this:
 
 ```yaml title="config.yaml"

docs/user-guide/Logging.md

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+# Logging in pydase
+
+The `pydase` library organizes its loggers per module, mirroring the Python package hierarchy. This structured approach allows for granular control over logging levels and behaviour across different parts of the library. Logs can also include details about client identification based on headers sent by the client or proxy, providing additional context for debugging or auditing.
+
+## Changing the pydase Log Level
+
+You have two primary ways to adjust the log levels in `pydase`:
+
+1. **Directly targeting `pydase` loggers**
+
+     You can set the log level for any `pydase` logger directly in your code. This method is useful for fine-tuning logging levels for specific modules within `pydase`. For instance, if you want to change the log level of the main `pydase` logger or target a submodule like `pydase.data_service`, you can do so as follows:
+
+    ```python
+    # <your_script.py>
+    import logging
+
+    # Set the log level for the main pydase logger
+    logging.getLogger("pydase").setLevel(logging.INFO)
+
+    # Optionally, target a specific submodule logger
+    # logging.getLogger("pydase.data_service").setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+
+    # Your logger for the current script
+    from pydase.utils.logging import configure_logging_with_pydase_formatter
+    configure_logging_with_pydase_formatter(level=logging.DEBUG)
+
+    logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+    logger.debug("My debug message.")
+    ```
+
+    This approach allows for specific control over different parts of the `pydase` library, depending on your logging needs.
+
+2. **Using the `ENVIRONMENT` environment variable**
+
+    For a more global setting that affects the entire `pydase` library, you can utilize the `ENVIRONMENT` environment variable. Setting this variable to `"production"` will configure all `pydase` loggers to only log messages of level `"INFO"` and above, filtering out more verbose logging. This is particularly useful for production environments where excessive logging can be overwhelming or unnecessary.
+
+    ```bash
+    ENVIRONMENT="production" python -m <module_using_pydase>
+    ```
+
+    In the absence of this setting, the default behavior is to log everything of level `"DEBUG"` and above, suitable for development environments where more detailed logs are beneficial.
+
+## Client Identification in pydase Logs
+
+The logging system in `pydase` includes information about clients based on headers sent by the client or a proxy. The priority for identifying the client is fixed and as follows:
+
+1. **`Remote-User` Header**: This header is typically set by authentication servers like [Authelia](https://www.authelia.com/). While it can be set manually by users, its primary purpose is to provide client information authenticated through such servers.
+2. **`X-Client-ID` Header**: This header is intended for use by Python clients to pass custom client identification information. It acts as a fallback when the `Remote-User` header is not available.
+3. **Default Socket.IO Session ID**: If neither of the above headers is present, the system falls back to the default Socket.IO session ID to identify the client.
+
+For example, a log entries might include the following details based on the available headers:
+
+```plaintext
+2025-01-20 06:47:50.940 | INFO     | pydase.server.web_server.api.v1.application:_get_value:36 - Client [id=This is me!] is getting the value of 'property_attr'
+
+2025-01-20 06:48:13.710 | INFO     | pydase.server.web_server.api.v1.application:_get_value:36 - Client [user=Max Muster] is getting the value of 'property_attr'
+```
+
+## Configuring Logging in Services
+
+To configure logging in services built with `pydase`, use the helper function [`configure_logging_with_pydase_formatter`][pydase.utils.logging.configure_logging_with_pydase_formatter]. This function sets up a logger with the same formatting used internally by `pydase`, so your service logs match the style and structure of `pydase` logs.
+
+### Example
+
+If your service follows a typical layout like:
+
+```text
+└── src
+    └── my_service
+        ├── __init__.py
+        └── ...
+```
+
+you should call `configure_logging_with_pydase_formatter` inside `src/my_service/__init__.py`. This ensures the logger is configured as soon as your service is imported, and before any log messages are emitted.
+
+```python title="src/my_service/__init__.py"
+import sys
+from pydase.utils.logging import configure_logging_with_pydase_formatter
+
+configure_logging_with_pydase_formatter(
+    name="my_service",      # Use the package/module name or None for the root logger
+    level=logging.DEBUG,    # Set the desired logging level (defaults to INFO)
+    stream=sys.stderr       # Optional: set the output stream (stderr by default)
+)
+```
+
+### Notes
+
+- If you pass `name=None`, the root logger will be configured. This affects **all logs** that propagate to the root logger.
+- Passing a specific `name` like `"my_service"` allows you to scope the configuration to your service only, which is safer in multi-library environments.
+- You can use `sys.stdout` instead of `sys.stderr` if your logs are being captured or processed differently (e.g., in containers or logging systems).

docs/user-guide/Service_Persistence.md

@@ -2,29 +2,47 @@
 
 `pydase` allows you to easily persist the state of your service by saving it to a file. This is especially useful when you want to maintain the service's state across different runs.
 
-To save the state of your service, pass a `filename` keyword argument to the constructor of the `pydase.Server` class. If the file specified by `filename` does not exist, the state manager will create this file and store its state in it when the service is shut down. If the file already exists, the state manager will load the state from this file, setting the values of its attributes to the values stored in the file.
+To enable persistence, pass a `filename` keyword argument to the constructor of the [`pydase.Server`][pydase.Server] class. The `filename` specifies the file where the state will be saved:
 
-Here's an example:
+- If the file **does not exist**, it will be created and populated with the current state when the service shuts down or saves.
+- If the file **already exists**, the state manager will **load** the saved values into the service at startup.
+
+Here’s an example:
 
 ```python
 import pydase
 
 class Device(pydase.DataService):
-    # ... defining the Device class ...
-
+    # ... define your service class ...
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     service = Device()
     pydase.Server(service=service, filename="device_state.json").run()
 ```
 
-In this example, the state of the `Device` service will be saved to `device_state.json` when the service is shut down. If `device_state.json` exists when the server is started, the state manager will restore the state of the service from this file.
+In this example, the service state will be automatically loaded from `device_state.json` at startup (if it exists), and saved to the same file periodically and upon shutdown.
+
+## Automatic Periodic State Saving
+
+When a `filename` is provided, `pydase` automatically enables **periodic autosaving** of the service state to that file. This ensures that the current state is regularly persisted, reducing the risk of data loss during unexpected shutdowns.
+
+The autosave happens every 30 seconds by default. You can customize the interval using the `autosave_interval` argument (in seconds):
+
+```python
+pydase.Server(
+    service=service,
+    filename="device_state.json",
+    autosave_interval=10.0,  # save every 10 seconds
+).run()
+```
+
+To disable automatic saving, set `autosave_interval` to `None`.
 
 ## Controlling Property State Loading with `@load_state`
 
-By default, the state manager only restores values for public attributes of your service. If you have properties that you want to control the loading for, you can use the `@load_state` decorator on your property setters. This indicates to the state manager that the value of the property should be loaded from the state file.
+By default, the state manager only restores values for public attributes of your service (i.e. *it does not restore property values*). If you have properties that you want to control the loading for, you can use the [`@load_state`][pydase.data_service.state_manager.load_state] decorator on your property setters. This indicates to the state manager that the value of the property should be loaded from the state file.
 
-Here is how you can apply the `@load_state` decorator:
+Example:
 
 ```python
 import pydase
@@ -43,7 +61,6 @@ class Device(pydase.DataService):
         self._name = value
 ```
 
-With the `@load_state` decorator applied to the `name` property setter, the state manager will load and apply the `name` property's value from the file storing the state upon server startup, assuming it exists.
-
-Note: If the service class structure has changed since the last time its state was saved, only the attributes and properties decorated with `@load_state` that have remained the same will be restored from the settings file.
+With the `@load_state` decorator applied to the `name` property setter, the state manager will load and apply the `name` property's value from the file upon server startup.
 
+**Note**: If the structure of your service class changes between saves, only properties decorated with `@load_state` and unchanged public attributes will be restored safely.

docs/user-guide/Tasks.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # Understanding Tasks
 
-In `pydase`, a task is defined as an asynchronous function without arguments that is decorated with the `@task` decorator and contained in a class that inherits from `pydase.DataService`. These tasks usually contain a while loop and are designed to carry out periodic functions. For example, a task might be used to periodically read sensor data, update a database, or perform any other recurring job.
+In `pydase`, a task is defined as an asynchronous function without arguments that is decorated with the [`@task`][pydase.task.decorator.task] decorator and contained in a class that inherits from [`pydase.DataService`][pydase.DataService]. These tasks usually contain a while loop and are designed to carry out periodic functions. For example, a task might be used to periodically read sensor data, update a database, or perform any other recurring job.
 
-`pydase` allows you to control task execution via both the frontend and Python clients and can automatically start tasks upon initialization of the service. By using the `@task` decorator with the `autostart=True` argument in your service class, `pydase` will automatically start these tasks when the server is started. Here's an example:
+`pydase` allows you to control task execution via both the frontend and Python clients and can automatically start tasks upon initialization of the service. By using the [`@task`][pydase.task.decorator.task] decorator with the `autostart=True` argument in your service class, `pydase` will automatically start these tasks when the server is started. Here's an example:
 
 ```python
 import pydase
@@ -35,4 +35,48 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
 
 In this example, `read_sensor_data` is a task that continuously reads data from a sensor. By decorating it with `@task(autostart=True)`, it will automatically start running when `pydase.Server(service).run()` is executed.
 
-The `@task` decorator replaces the function with a task object that has `start()` and `stop()` methods. This means you can control the task execution directly using these methods. For instance, you can manually start or stop the task by calling `service.read_sensor_data.start()` and `service.read_sensor_data.stop()`, respectively.
+## Task Lifecycle Control
+
+The [`@task`][pydase.task.decorator.task] decorator replaces the function with a task object that has `start()` and `stop()` methods. This means you can control the task execution directly using these methods. For instance, you can manually start or stop the task by calling `service.read_sensor_data.start()` and `service.read_sensor_data.stop()`, respectively.
+
+## Advanced Task Options
+
+The [`@task`][pydase.task.decorator.task] decorator supports several options inspired by systemd unit services, allowing fine-grained control over task behavior:
+
+- **`autostart`**: Automatically starts the task when the service initializes. Defaults to `False`.
+- **`restart_on_exception`**: Configures whether the task should restart if it exits due to an exception (other than `asyncio.CancelledError`). Defaults to `True`.
+- **`restart_sec`**: Specifies the delay (in seconds) before restarting a failed task. Defaults to `1.0`.
+- **`start_limit_interval_sec`**: Configures a time window (in seconds) for rate limiting task restarts. If the task restarts more than `start_limit_burst` times within this interval, it will no longer restart. Defaults to `None` (disabled).
+- **`start_limit_burst`**: Defines the maximum number of restarts allowed within the interval specified by `start_limit_interval_sec`. Defaults to `3`.
+- **`exit_on_failure`**: If set to `True`, the service will exit if the task fails and either `restart_on_exception` is `False` or the start rate limiting is exceeded. Defaults to `False`.
+
+### Example with Advanced Options
+
+Here is an example showcasing advanced task options:
+
+```python
+import pydase
+from pydase.task.decorator import task
+
+
+class AdvancedTaskService(pydase.DataService):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+
+    @task(
+        autostart=True,
+        restart_on_exception=True,
+        restart_sec=2.0,
+        start_limit_interval_sec=10.0,
+        start_limit_burst=5,
+        exit_on_failure=True,
+    )
+    async def critical_task(self):
+        while True:
+            raise Exception("Critical failure")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    service = AdvancedTaskService()
+    pydase.Server(service=service).run()
+```

docs/user-guide/advanced/SOCKS-Proxy.md

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# Connecting Through a SOCKS5 Proxy
+
+If your target service is only reachable via an SSH gateway or resides behind a 
+firewall, you can route your [`pydase.Client`][pydase.Client] connection through a local
+SOCKS5 proxy. This is particularly useful in network environments where direct access to
+the service is not possible.
+
+## Setting Up a SOCKS5 Proxy
+
+You can create a local [SOCKS5 proxy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCKS) using SSH's
+`-D` option:
+
+```bash
+ssh -D 2222 user@gateway.example.com
+```
+
+This command sets up a SOCKS5 proxy on `localhost:2222`, securely forwarding traffic
+over the SSH connection.
+
+## Using the Proxy in Your Python Client
+
+Once the proxy is running, configure the [`pydase.Client`][pydase.Client] to route 
+traffic through it using the `proxy_url` parameter:
+
+```python
+import pydase
+
+client = pydase.Client(
+    url="ws://target-service:8001",
+    proxy_url="socks5://localhost:2222"
+).proxy
+```
+
+* You can also use this setup with `wss://` URLs for encrypted WebSocket connections.
+
+## Installing Required Dependencies
+
+To use this feature, you must install the optional `socks` dependency group, which 
+includes [`aiohttp_socks`](https://pypi.org/project/aiohttp-socks/):
+
+- `poetry`
+  ```bash
+  poetry add "pydase[socks]"
+  ```
+- `pip`
+  ```bash
+  pip install "pydase[socks]"
+  ```

docs/user-guide/interaction/Auto-generated-Frontend.md

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ Each key in the file corresponds to the full access path of public attributes, p
 - **Control Component Visibility**: Utilize the `"display"` key-value pair to control whether a component is rendered in the frontend. Set the value to `true` to make the component visible or `false` to hide it.
 - **Adjustable Component Order**: The `"displayOrder"` values determine the order of components. Alter these values to rearrange the components as desired. The value defaults to [`Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number/MAX_SAFE_INTEGER).
 
-The `web_settings.json` file will be stored in the directory specified by the `SERVICE_CONFIG_DIR` environment variable. You can generate a `web_settings.json` file by setting the `GENERATE_WEB_SETTINGS` to `True`. For more information, see the [configuration section](../Configuration).
+The `web_settings.json` file will be stored in the directory specified by the `SERVICE_CONFIG_DIR` environment variable. You can generate a `web_settings.json` file by setting the `GENERATE_WEB_SETTINGS` to `True`. For more information, see the [configuration section](../Configuration.md).
 
 For example, styling the following service 
 

docs/user-guide/interaction/Python-Client.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Python RPC Client
 
-The [`pydase.Client`][pydase.Client] allows you to connect to a remote `pydase` service using socket.io, facilitating interaction with the service as though it were running locally.
+The [`pydase.Client`][pydase.Client] allows you to connect to a remote `pydase` service using Socket.IO, facilitating interaction with the service as though it were running locally.
 
 ## Basic Usage
 
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import pydase
 
 # Replace <ip_addr> and <service_port> with the appropriate values for your service
 client_proxy = pydase.Client(url="ws://<ip_addr>:<service_port>").proxy
+
 # For SSL-encrypted services, use the wss protocol
 # client_proxy = pydase.Client(url="wss://your-domain.ch").proxy
 
@@ -22,6 +23,12 @@ The proxy acts as a local representation of the remote service, enabling intuiti
 
 The proxy class automatically synchronizes with the server's attributes and methods, keeping itself up-to-date with any changes. This dynamic synchronization essentially mirrors the server's API, making it feel like you're working with a local object.
 
+### Accessing Services Behind Firewalls or SSH Gateways
+
+If your service is only reachable through a private network or SSH gateway, you can route your connection through a local SOCKS5 proxy using the `proxy_url` parameter.
+
+See [Connecting Through a SOCKS5 Proxy](../advanced/SOCKS-Proxy.md) for details.
+
 ## Context Manager Support
 
 You can also use the client within a context manager, which automatically handles connection management (i.e., opening and closing the connection):
@@ -50,12 +57,15 @@ import pydase
 class MyService(pydase.DataService):
     proxy = pydase.Client(
         url="ws://<ip_addr>:<service_port>",
-        block_until_connected=False
+        block_until_connected=False,
+        client_id="my_pydase_client_id",  # optional, defaults to system hostname
     ).proxy
+
     # For SSL-encrypted services, use the wss protocol
     # proxy = pydase.Client(
     #     url="wss://your-domain.ch",
-    #     block_until_connected=False
+    #     block_until_connected=False,
+    #     client_id="my_pydase_client_id",
     # ).proxy
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
@@ -66,11 +76,12 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
 
 In this example:
 - The `MyService` class has a `proxy` attribute that connects to a `pydase` service at `<ip_addr>:<service_port>`.
-- By setting `block_until_connected=False`, the service can start without waiting for the connection to succeed, which is particularly useful in distributed systems where services may initialize in any order.
+- By setting `block_until_connected=False`, the service can start without waiting for the connection to succeed.
+- The `client_id` is optional. If not specified, it defaults to the system hostname, which will be sent in the `X-Client-Id` HTTP header for logging or authentication on the server side.
 
 ## Custom `socketio.AsyncClient` Connection Parameters
 
-You can also configure advanced connection options by passing additional arguments to the underlying [`AsyncClient`][socketio.AsyncClient] via `sio_client_kwargs`. This allows you to fine-tune reconnection behaviour, delays, and other settings:
+You can configure advanced connection options by passing arguments to the underlying [`AsyncClient`][socketio.AsyncClient] via `sio_client_kwargs`. For example:
 
 ```python
 client = pydase.Client(

docs/user-guide/interaction/README.md

@@ -1,81 +1,7 @@
 # Interacting with `pydase` Services
 
-`pydase` offers multiple ways for users to interact with the services they create, providing flexibility and convenience for different use cases. This section outlines the primary interaction methods available, including an auto-generated frontend, a RESTful API, and a Python client based on Socket.IO.
+`pydase` offers multiple ways for users to interact with the services they create.
 
-{%
-   include-markdown "./Auto-generated Frontend.md"
-   heading-offset=1
-%}
-
-{%
-   include-markdown "./RESTful API.md"
-   heading-offset=1
-%}
-
-{%
-   include-markdown "./Python Client.md"
-   heading-offset=1
-%}
-
-<!-- ## 2. **Socket.IO for Real-Time Updates** -->
-<!-- For scenarios requiring real-time data updates, `pydase` includes a Socket.IO server. This feature is ideal for applications where live data tracking is crucial, such as monitoring systems or interactive dashboards. -->
-<!---->
-<!-- ### Key Features: -->
-<!-- - **Live Data Streams**: Receive real-time updates for data changes. -->
-<!-- - **Event-Driven Communication**: Utilize event-based messaging to push updates and handle client actions. -->
-<!---->
-<!-- ### Example Usage: -->
-<!-- Clients can connect to the Socket.IO server to receive updates: -->
-<!-- ```javascript -->
-<!-- var socket = io.connect('http://<hostname>:<port>'); -->
-<!-- socket.on('<event_name>', function(data) { -->
-<!--     console.log(data); -->
-<!-- }); -->
-<!-- ``` -->
-<!---->
-<!-- **Use Cases:** -->
-<!---->
-<!-- - Real-time monitoring and alerts -->
-<!-- - Live data visualization -->
-<!-- - Collaborative applications -->
-<!---->
-<!-- ## 3. **Auto-Generated Frontend** -->
-<!-- `pydase` automatically generates a web frontend based on the service definitions. This frontend is a convenient interface for interacting with the service, especially for users who prefer a graphical interface over command-line or code-based interactions. -->
-<!---->
-<!-- ### Key Features: -->
-<!-- - **User-Friendly Interface**: Intuitive and easy to use, with real-time interaction capabilities. -->
-<!-- - **Customizable**: Adjust the frontend's appearance and functionality to suit specific needs. -->
-<!---->
-<!-- ### Accessing the Frontend: -->
-<!-- Once the service is running, access the frontend via a web browser: -->
-<!-- ``` -->
-<!-- http://<hostname>:<port> -->
-<!-- ``` -->
-<!---->
-<!-- **Use Cases:** -->
-<!---->
-<!-- - End-user interfaces for data control and visualization -->
-<!-- - Rapid prototyping and testing -->
-<!-- - Demonstrations and training -->
-<!---->
-<!-- ## 4. **Python Client** -->
-<!-- `pydase` also provides a Python client for programmatic interactions. This client is particularly useful for developers who want to integrate `pydase` services into other Python applications or automate interactions. -->
-<!---->
-<!-- ### Key Features: -->
-<!-- - **Direct Interaction**: Call methods and access properties as if they were local. -->
-<!-- - **Tab Completion**: Supports tab completion in interactive environments like Jupyter notebooks. -->
-<!---->
-<!-- ### Example Usage: -->
-<!-- ```python -->
-<!-- import pydase -->
-<!---->
-<!-- client = pydase.Client(hostname="<ip_addr>", port=8001) -->
-<!-- service = client.proxy -->
-<!-- service.some_method() -->
-<!-- ``` -->
-<!---->
-<!-- **Use Cases:** -->
-<!---->
-<!-- - Integrating with other Python applications -->
-<!-- - Automation and scripting -->
-<!-- - Data analysis and manipulation -->
+- [Auto-generated Frontend](./Auto-generated-Frontend.md)
+- [RESTful API](./RESTful-API.md)
+- [Python Client](./Python-Client.md)

frontend/index.html

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
     // this will be set by the python backend if the service is behind a proxy which strips a prefix. The frontend can use this to build the paths to the resources.
     window.__FORWARDED_PREFIX__ = "";
     window.__FORWARDED_PROTO__ = "";
-</script>`
+</script>
 
 <body>
     <noscript>You need to enable JavaScript to run this app.</noscript>

frontend/package.json

@@ -10,31 +10,31 @@
         "preview": "vite preview"
     },
     "dependencies": {
-        "@emotion/styled": "^11.11.0",
-        "@mui/material": "^5.14.1",
+        "@emotion/styled": "^11.14.0",
+        "@mui/material": "^5.16.14",
         "bootstrap": "^5.3.3",
         "deep-equal": "^2.2.3",
-        "react": "^18.3.1",
-        "react-bootstrap": "^2.10.0",
-        "react-bootstrap-icons": "^1.11.4",
-        "socket.io-client": "^4.7.1"
+        "react": "^19.0.0",
+        "react-bootstrap": "^2.10.7",
+        "react-bootstrap-icons": "^1.11.5",
+        "socket.io-client": "^4.8.1"
     },
     "devDependencies": {
-        "@eslint/js": "^9.6.0",
+        "@eslint/js": "^9.18.0",
         "@types/deep-equal": "^1.0.4",
         "@types/eslint__js": "^8.42.3",
-        "@types/node": "^20.14.10",
-        "@types/react": "^18.3.3",
-        "@types/react-dom": "^18.3.0",
+        "@types/node": "^20.17.14",
+        "@types/react": "^19.0.7",
+        "@types/react-dom": "^19.0.3",
         "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^7.15.0",
-        "@vitejs/plugin-react-swc": "^3.5.0",
-        "eslint": "^8.57.0",
+        "@vitejs/plugin-react-swc": "^3.7.2",
+        "eslint": "^8.57.1",
         "eslint-config-prettier": "^9.1.0",
-        "eslint-plugin-prettier": "^5.1.3",
-        "eslint-plugin-react": "^7.34.3",
+        "eslint-plugin-prettier": "^5.2.3",
+        "eslint-plugin-react": "^7.37.4",
         "prettier": "3.3.2",
-        "typescript": "^5.5.3",
-        "typescript-eslint": "^7.15.0",
-        "vite": "^5.3.1"
+        "typescript": "^5.7.3",
+        "typescript-eslint": "^7.18.0",
+        "vite": "^5.4.12"
     }
 }

frontend/src/components/NumberComponent.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import React, { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import React, { useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
 import { Form, InputGroup } from "react-bootstrap";
 import { DocStringComponent } from "./DocStringComponent";
 import "../App.css";
@@ -175,6 +175,33 @@ const handleNumericKey = (
   return { value: newValue, selectionStart: selectionStart + 1 };
 };
 
+/**
+ * Calculates the new cursor position after moving left by a specified step size.
+ *
+ * @param cursorPosition - The current position of the cursor.
+ * @param step - The number of positions to move left.
+ * @returns The new cursor position, clamped to a minimum of 0.
+ */
+const getCursorLeftPosition = (cursorPosition: number, step: number): number => {
+  return Math.max(0, cursorPosition - step);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Calculates the new cursor position after moving right by a specified step size.
+ *
+ * @param cursorPosition - The current position of the cursor.
+ * @param step - The number of positions to move right.
+ * @param maxPosition - The maximum allowed cursor position (e.g., value.length).
+ * @returns The new cursor position, clamped to a maximum of maxPosition.
+ */
+const getCursorRightPosition = (
+  cursorPosition: number,
+  step: number,
+  maxPosition: number,
+): number => {
+  return Math.min(maxPosition, cursorPosition + step);
+};
+
 export const NumberComponent = React.memo((props: NumberComponentProps) => {
   const {
     fullAccessPath,
@@ -191,7 +218,8 @@ export const NumberComponent = React.memo((props: NumberComponentProps) => {
   } = props;
 
   // Create a state for the cursor position
-  const [cursorPosition, setCursorPosition] = useState<number | null>(null);
+  const cursorPositionRef = useRef<number | null>(null);
+
   // Create a state for the input string
   const [inputString, setInputString] = useState(value.toString());
   const renderCount = useRenderCount();
@@ -199,25 +227,36 @@ export const NumberComponent = React.memo((props: NumberComponentProps) => {
   const handleKeyDown = (event: React.KeyboardEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => {
     const { key, target } = event;
 
-    // Typecast
     const inputTarget = target as HTMLInputElement;
-    if (
-      key === "F1" ||
-      key === "F5" ||
-      key === "F12" ||
-      key === "Tab" ||
-      key === "ArrowRight" ||
-      key === "ArrowLeft"
-    ) {
-      return;
-    }
-    event.preventDefault();
 
     // Get the current input value and cursor position
     const { value } = inputTarget;
+    const valueLength = value.length;
     const selectionEnd = inputTarget.selectionEnd ?? 0;
     let selectionStart = inputTarget.selectionStart ?? 0;
 
+    if (key === "F1" || key === "F5" || key === "F12" || key === "Tab") {
+      return;
+    } else if (key === "ArrowLeft" || key === "ArrowRight") {
+      const hasSelection = selectionEnd > selectionStart;
+
+      if (hasSelection && !event.shiftKey) {
+        // Collapse selection: ArrowLeft -> start, ArrowRight -> end
+        const collapseTo = key === "ArrowLeft" ? selectionStart : selectionEnd;
+        cursorPositionRef.current = collapseTo;
+      } else {
+        // No selection or shift key is pressed, just move cursor by one
+        const newSelectionStart =
+          key === "ArrowLeft"
+            ? getCursorLeftPosition(selectionStart, 1)
+            : getCursorRightPosition(selectionEnd, 1, valueLength);
+
+        cursorPositionRef.current = newSelectionStart;
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+    event.preventDefault();
+
     let newValue: string = value;
     if (event.ctrlKey && key === "a") {
       // Select everything when pressing Ctrl + a
@@ -317,7 +356,7 @@ export const NumberComponent = React.memo((props: NumberComponentProps) => {
     setInputString(newValue);
 
     // Save the current cursor position before the component re-renders
-    setCursorPosition(selectionStart);
+    cursorPositionRef.current = selectionStart;
   };
 
   const handleBlur = () => {
@@ -370,8 +409,11 @@ export const NumberComponent = React.memo((props: NumberComponentProps) => {
   useEffect(() => {
     // Set the cursor position after the component re-renders
     const inputElement = document.getElementsByName(id)[0] as HTMLInputElement;
-    if (inputElement && cursorPosition !== null) {
-      inputElement.setSelectionRange(cursorPosition, cursorPosition);
+    if (inputElement && cursorPositionRef.current !== null) {
+      inputElement.setSelectionRange(
+        cursorPositionRef.current,
+        cursorPositionRef.current,
+      );
     }
   });
 

mkdocs.yml

@@ -6,14 +6,20 @@ nav:
   - Getting Started: getting-started.md
   - User Guide:
     - Components Guide: user-guide/Components.md
-    - Interacting with pydase Services: user-guide/interaction/README.md
+    - Interaction:
+        - Overview: user-guide/interaction/README.md
+        - Auto-generated Frontend: user-guide/interaction/Auto-generated-Frontend.md
+        - RESTful API: user-guide/interaction/RESTful-API.md
+        - Python Client: user-guide/interaction/Python-Client.md
     - Achieving Service Persistence: user-guide/Service_Persistence.md
     - Understanding Tasks: user-guide/Tasks.md
     - Understanding Units: user-guide/Understanding-Units.md
     - Validating Property Setters: user-guide/Validating-Property-Setters.md
     - Configuring pydase: user-guide/Configuration.md
+    - Logging in pydase: user-guide/Logging.md
     - Advanced:
         - Deploying behind a Reverse Proxy: user-guide/advanced/Reverse-Proxy.md
+        - Connecting through a SOCKS Proxy: user-guide/advanced/SOCKS-Proxy.md
   - Developer Guide: 
     - Developer Guide: dev-guide/README.md
     - API Reference: dev-guide/api.md
@@ -54,7 +60,7 @@ plugins:
     handlers:
       python:
         paths: [src]  # search packages in the src folder
-        import:
+        inventories:
           - https://docs.python.org/3/objects.inv
           - https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/objects.inv
           - https://confz.readthedocs.io/en/latest/objects.inv

pyproject.toml

@@ -1,50 +1,56 @@
-[tool.poetry]
+[project]
 name = "pydase"
-version = "0.10.7"
+version = "0.10.15"
 description = "A flexible and robust Python library for creating, managing, and interacting with data services, with built-in support for web and RPC servers, and customizable features for diverse use cases."
-authors = ["Mose Mueller <mosmuell@ethz.ch>"]
+authors = [
+    {name = "Mose Müller",email = "mosemueller@gmail.com"}
+]
 readme = "README.md"
-packages = [{ include = "pydase", from = "src" }]
+requires-python = ">=3.10,<4.0"
+dependencies = [
+    "toml (>=0.10.2,<0.11.0)",
+    "python-socketio (>=5.13.0,<6.0.0)",
+    "confz (>=2.1.0,<3.0.0)",
+    "pint (>=0.24.4,<0.25.0)",
+    "websocket-client (>=1.8.0,<2.0.0)",
+    "aiohttp (>=3.11.18,<4.0.0)",
+    "click (>=8.2.0,<9.0.0)",
+    "aiohttp-middlewares (>=2.4.0,<3.0.0)",
+    "anyio (>=4.9.0,<5.0.0)"
+]
 
+[project.optional-dependencies]
+socks = ["aiohttp-socks (>=0.10.1,<0.11.0)"]
 
-[tool.poetry.dependencies]
-python = "^3.10"
-toml = "^0.10.2"
-python-socketio = "^5.8.0"
-confz = "^2.0.0"
-pint = "^0.24"
-websocket-client = "^1.7.0"
-aiohttp = "^3.9.3"
-click = "^8.1.7"
-aiohttp-middlewares = "^2.3.0"
-anyio = "^4.6.0"
+[tool.poetry]
+packages = [{include = "pydase", from = "src"}]
 
 [tool.poetry.group.dev]
 optional = true
 
 [tool.poetry.group.dev.dependencies]
-types-toml = "^0.10.8.6"
-pytest = "^7.4.0"
-pytest-cov = "^4.1.0"
-mypy = "^1.4.1"
-matplotlib = "^3.7.2"
-pyright = "^1.1.323"
-pytest-mock = "^3.11.1"
-ruff = "^0.5.0"
-pytest-asyncio = "^0.23.2"
+types-toml = "^0.10.8.20240310"
+pytest = "^8.3.5"
+pytest-cov = "^6.1.1"
+mypy = "^1.15.0"
+matplotlib = "^3.10.3"
+pyright = "^1.1.400"
+pytest-mock = "^3.14.0"
+ruff = "^0.11.10"
+pytest-asyncio = "^0.26.0"
 
 [tool.poetry.group.docs]
 optional = true
 
 [tool.poetry.group.docs.dependencies]
-mkdocs-material = "^9.5.30"
-mkdocs-include-markdown-plugin = "^3.9.1"
-mkdocstrings = {extras = ["python"], version = "^0.25.2"}
-pymdown-extensions = "^10.1"
-mkdocs-swagger-ui-tag = "^0.6.10"
+mkdocs-material = "^9.6.14"
+mkdocs-include-markdown-plugin = "^7.1.5"
+mkdocstrings = {extras = ["python"], version = "^0.29.1"}
+pymdown-extensions = "^10.15"
+mkdocs-swagger-ui-tag = "^0.7.1"
 
 [build-system]
-requires = ["poetry-core"]
+requires = ["poetry-core>=2.0.0,<3.0.0"]
 build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"
 
 [tool.ruff]
@@ -86,6 +92,7 @@ select = [
 ignore = [
     "RUF006",  # asyncio-dangling-task
     "PERF203",  # try-except-in-loop
+    "ASYNC110", # async-busy-wait
 ]
 
 [tool.ruff.lint.mccabe]
@@ -104,3 +111,10 @@ disallow_incomplete_defs = true
 disallow_any_generics = true
 check_untyped_defs = true
 ignore_missing_imports = false
+
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+asyncio_default_fixture_loop_scope = "function"
+filterwarnings = [
+    # I don't controll the usage of the timeout
+    "ignore:parameter 'timeout' of type 'float' is deprecated, please use 'timeout=ClientWSTimeout"
+]

src/pydase/__init__.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from pydase.utils.logging import setup_logging
 setup_logging()
 
 __all__ = [
+    "Client",
     "DataService",
     "Server",
-    "Client",
 ]

src/pydase/client/client.py

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 import asyncio
 import logging
+import socket
 import sys
 import threading
 import urllib.parse
+from builtins import ModuleNotFoundError
 from types import TracebackType
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, TypedDict, cast
 
+import aiohttp
 import socketio  # type: ignore
 
 from pydase.client.proxy_class import ProxyClass
@@ -33,48 +36,60 @@ class NotifyDict(TypedDict):
 
 def asyncio_loop_thread(loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop) -> None:
     asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
-    loop.run_forever()
+    try:
+        loop.run_forever()
+    finally:
+        loop.close()
 
 
 class Client:
-    """
-    A client for connecting to a remote pydase service using socket.io. This client
+    """A client for connecting to a remote pydase service using Socket.IO. This client
     handles asynchronous communication with a service, manages events such as
     connection, disconnection, and updates, and ensures that the proxy object is
     up-to-date with the server state.
 
     Args:
-        url:
-            The URL of the pydase Socket.IO server. This should always contain the
-            protocol and the hostname.
-        block_until_connected:
-            If set to True, the constructor will block until the connection to the
-            service has been established. This is useful for ensuring the client is
-            ready to use immediately after instantiation. Default is True.
-        sio_client_kwargs:
-            Additional keyword arguments passed to the underlying
+        url: The URL of the pydase Socket.IO server. This should always contain the
+            protocol (e.g., `ws` or `wss`) and the hostname, and can optionally include
+            a path prefix (e.g., `ws://localhost:8001/service`).
+        block_until_connected: If set to True, the constructor will block until the
+            connection to the service has been established. This is useful for ensuring
+            the client is ready to use immediately after instantiation. Default is True.
+        sio_client_kwargs: Additional keyword arguments passed to the underlying
             [`AsyncClient`][socketio.AsyncClient]. This allows fine-tuning of the
             client's behaviour (e.g., reconnection attempts or reconnection delay).
-            Default is an empty dictionary.
+        client_id: An optional client identifier. This ID is sent to the server as the
+            `X-Client-Id` HTTP header. It can be used for logging or authentication
+            purposes on the server side. If not provided, it defaults to the hostname
+            of the machine running the client.
+        proxy_url: An optional proxy URL to route the connection through. This is useful
+            if the service is only reachable via an SSH tunnel or behind a firewall
+            (e.g., `socks5://localhost:2222`).
 
     Example:
-        The following example demonstrates a `Client` instance that connects to another
-        pydase service, while customising some of the connection settings for the
-        underlying [`AsyncClient`][socketio.AsyncClient].
+        Connect to a service directly:
 
         ```python
-        pydase.Client(url="ws://localhost:8001", sio_client_kwargs={
-            "reconnection_attempts": 2,
-            "reconnection_delay": 2,
-            "reconnection_delay_max": 8,
-        })
+        client = pydase.Client(url="ws://localhost:8001")
         ```
 
-        When connecting to a server over a secure connection (i.e., the server is using
-        SSL/TLS encryption), make sure that the `wss` protocol is used instead of `ws`:
+        Connect over a secure connection:
 
         ```python
-        pydase.Client(url="wss://my-service.example.com")
+        client = pydase.Client(url="wss://my-service.example.com")
+        ```
+
+        Connect using a SOCKS5 proxy (e.g., through an SSH tunnel):
+
+        ```bash
+        ssh -D 2222 user@gateway.example.com
+        ```
+
+        ```python
+        client = pydase.Client(
+            url="ws://remote-server:8001",
+            proxy_url="socks5://localhost:2222"
+        )
         ```
     """
 
@@ -84,6 +99,8 @@ class Client:
         url: str,
         block_until_connected: bool = True,
         sio_client_kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {},
+        client_id: str | None = None,
+        proxy_url: str | None = None,
     ):
         # Parse the URL to separate base URL and path prefix
         parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
@@ -96,17 +113,14 @@ class Client:
         # Store the path prefix (e.g., "/service" in "ws://localhost:8081/service")
         self._path_prefix = parsed_url.path.rstrip("/")  # Remove trailing slash if any
         self._url = url
-        self._sio = socketio.AsyncClient(**sio_client_kwargs)
-        self._loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
-        self.proxy = ProxyClass(
-            sio_client=self._sio, loop=self._loop, reconnect=self.connect
-        )
+        self._proxy_url = proxy_url
+        self._client_id = client_id or socket.gethostname()
+        self._sio_client_kwargs = sio_client_kwargs
+        self._loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop | None = None
+        self._thread: threading.Thread | None = None
+        self.proxy: ProxyClass
         """A proxy object representing the remote service, facilitating interaction as
         if it were local."""
-        self._thread = threading.Thread(
-            target=asyncio_loop_thread, args=(self._loop,), daemon=True
-        )
-        self._thread.start()
         self.connect(block_until_connected=block_until_connected)
 
     def __enter__(self) -> Self:
@@ -121,23 +135,84 @@ class Client:
         self.disconnect()
 
     def connect(self, block_until_connected: bool = True) -> None:
+        if self._thread is None or self._loop is None:
+            self._loop = self._initialize_loop_and_thread()
+            self._initialize_socketio_client()
+            self.proxy = ProxyClass(
+                sio_client=self._sio,
+                loop=self._loop,
+                reconnect=self.connect,
+            )
+
         connection_future = asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
             self._connect(), self._loop
         )
         if block_until_connected:
             connection_future.result()
 
-    def disconnect(self) -> None:
-        connection_future = asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
-            self._disconnect(), self._loop
+    def _initialize_socketio_client(self) -> None:
+        if self._proxy_url is not None:
+            try:
+                import aiohttp_socks.connector
+            except ModuleNotFoundError:
+                raise ModuleNotFoundError(
+                    "Missing dependency 'aiohttp_socks'. To use SOCKS5 proxy support, "
+                    "install the optional 'socks' extra:\n\n"
+                    '    pip install "pydase[socks]"\n\n'
+                    "This is required when specifying a `proxy_url` for "
+                    "`pydase.Client`."
+                )
+
+            session = aiohttp.ClientSession(
+                connector=aiohttp_socks.connector.ProxyConnector.from_url(
+                    url=self._proxy_url, loop=self._loop
+                ),
+                loop=self._loop,
+            )
+            self._sio = socketio.AsyncClient(
+                http_session=session, **self._sio_client_kwargs
+            )
+        else:
+            self._sio = socketio.AsyncClient(**self._sio_client_kwargs)
+
+    def _initialize_loop_and_thread(self) -> asyncio.AbstractEventLoop:
+        """Initialize a new asyncio event loop, start it in a background thread,
+        and create the ProxyClass instance bound to that loop.
+        """
+
+        loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+        self._thread = threading.Thread(
+            target=asyncio_loop_thread,
+            args=(loop,),
+            daemon=True,
         )
-        connection_future.result()
+        self._thread.start()
+
+        return loop
+
+    def disconnect(self) -> None:
+        if self._loop is not None and self._thread is not None:
+            connection_future = asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
+                self._disconnect(), self._loop
+            )
+            connection_future.result()
+
+            # Stop the event loop and thread
+            self._loop.call_soon_threadsafe(self._loop.stop)
+            self._thread.join()
+            self._thread = None
 
     async def _connect(self) -> None:
         logger.debug("Connecting to server '%s' ...", self._url)
         await self._setup_events()
+
+        headers = {}
+        if self._client_id is not None:
+            headers["X-Client-Id"] = self._client_id
+
         await self._sio.connect(
-            self._base_url,
+            url=self._base_url,
+            headers=headers,
             socketio_path=f"{self._path_prefix}/ws/socket.io",
             transports=["websocket"],
             retry=True,
@@ -154,7 +229,7 @@ class Client:
     async def _handle_connect(self) -> None:
         logger.debug("Connected to '%s' ...", self._url)
         serialized_object = cast(
-            SerializedDataService, await self._sio.call("service_serialization")
+            "SerializedDataService", await self._sio.call("service_serialization")
         )
         ProxyLoader.update_data_service_proxy(
             self.proxy, serialized_object=serialized_object

src/pydase/client/proxy_class.py

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ class ProxyClass(ProxyClassMixin, pydase.components.DeviceConnection):
     def serialize(self) -> SerializedObject:
         if self._service_representation is None:
             serialization_future = cast(
-                asyncio.Future[SerializedDataService],
+                "asyncio.Future[SerializedDataService]",
                 asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
                     self._sio.call("service_serialization"), self._loop
                 ),
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ class ProxyClass(ProxyClassMixin, pydase.components.DeviceConnection):
                 self._service_representation = serialization_future.result()
 
         device_connection_value = cast(
-            dict[str, SerializedObject],
+            "dict[str, SerializedObject]",
             pydase.components.DeviceConnection().serialize()["value"],
         )
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class ProxyClass(ProxyClassMixin, pydase.components.DeviceConnection):
 
         value = {
             **cast(
-                dict[str, SerializedObject],
+                "dict[str, SerializedObject]",
                 # need to deepcopy to not overwrite the _service_representation dict
                 # when adding a prefix with add_prefix_to_full_access_path
                 deepcopy(self._service_representation["value"]),

src/pydase/client/proxy_loader.py

@@ -123,35 +123,35 @@ class ProxyList(list[Any]):
 
         update_value(self._sio, self._loop, full_access_path, value)
 
-    def append(self, __object: Any) -> None:
+    def append(self, object_: Any, /) -> None:
         full_access_path = f"{self._parent_path}.append"
 
-        trigger_method(self._sio, self._loop, full_access_path, [__object], {})
+        trigger_method(self._sio, self._loop, full_access_path, [object_], {})
 
     def clear(self) -> None:
         full_access_path = f"{self._parent_path}.clear"
 
         trigger_method(self._sio, self._loop, full_access_path, [], {})
 
-    def extend(self, __iterable: Iterable[Any]) -> None:
+    def extend(self, iterable: Iterable[Any], /) -> None:
         full_access_path = f"{self._parent_path}.extend"
 
-        trigger_method(self._sio, self._loop, full_access_path, [__iterable], {})
+        trigger_method(self._sio, self._loop, full_access_path, [iterable], {})
 
-    def insert(self, __index: SupportsIndex, __object: Any) -> None:
+    def insert(self, index: SupportsIndex, object_: Any, /) -> None:
         full_access_path = f"{self._parent_path}.insert"
 
-        trigger_method(self._sio, self._loop, full_access_path, [__index, __object], {})
+        trigger_method(self._sio, self._loop, full_access_path, [index, object_], {})
 
-    def pop(self, __index: SupportsIndex = -1) -> Any:
+    def pop(self, index: SupportsIndex = -1, /) -> Any:
         full_access_path = f"{self._parent_path}.pop"
 
-        return trigger_method(self._sio, self._loop, full_access_path, [__index], {})
+        return trigger_method(self._sio, self._loop, full_access_path, [index], {})
 
-    def remove(self, __value: Any) -> None:
+    def remove(self, value: Any, /) -> None:
         full_access_path = f"{self._parent_path}.remove"
 
-        trigger_method(self._sio, self._loop, full_access_path, [__value], {})
+        trigger_method(self._sio, self._loop, full_access_path, [value], {})
 
 
 class ProxyClassMixin:
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ class ProxyLoader:
         return ProxyList(
             [
                 ProxyLoader.loads_proxy(item, sio_client, loop)
-                for item in cast(list[SerializedObject], serialized_object["value"])
+                for item in cast("list[SerializedObject]", serialized_object["value"])
             ],
             parent_path=serialized_object["full_access_path"],
             sio_client=sio_client,
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ class ProxyLoader:
             {
                 key: ProxyLoader.loads_proxy(value, sio_client, loop)
                 for key, value in cast(
-                    dict[str, SerializedObject], serialized_object["value"]
+                    "dict[str, SerializedObject]", serialized_object["value"]
                 ).items()
             },
             parent_path=serialized_object["full_access_path"],
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ class ProxyLoader:
         proxy_class._proxy_setters.clear()
         proxy_class._proxy_methods.clear()
         for key, value in cast(
-            dict[str, SerializedObject], serialized_object["value"]
+            "dict[str, SerializedObject]", serialized_object["value"]
         ).items():
             type_handler: dict[str | None, None | Callable[..., Any]] = {
                 None: None,
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ class ProxyLoader:
     ) -> Any:
         # Custom types like Components or DataService classes
         component_class = cast(
-            type, Deserializer.get_service_base_class(serialized_object["type"])
+            "type", Deserializer.get_service_base_class(serialized_object["type"])
         )
         class_bases = (
             ProxyClassMixin,

src/pydase/components/__init__.py

@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ from pydase.components.image import Image
 from pydase.components.number_slider import NumberSlider
 
 __all__ = [
-    "NumberSlider",
-    "Image",
     "ColouredEnum",
     "DeviceConnection",
+    "Image",
+    "NumberSlider",
 ]

src/pydase/components/number_slider.py

@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ class NumberSlider(DataService):
 
     Args:
         value:
-            The initial value of the slider. Defaults to 0.
+            The initial value of the slider. Defaults to 0.0.
         min_:
-            The minimum value of the slider. Defaults to 0.
+            The minimum value of the slider. Defaults to 0.0.
         max_:
-            The maximum value of the slider. Defaults to 100.
+            The maximum value of the slider. Defaults to 100.0.
         step_size:
             The increment/decrement step size of the slider. Defaults to 1.0.
 
@@ -84,9 +84,9 @@ class NumberSlider(DataService):
     def __init__(
         self,
         value: Any = 0.0,
-        min_: float = 0.0,
-        max_: float = 100.0,
-        step_size: float = 1.0,
+        min_: Any = 0.0,
+        max_: Any = 100.0,
+        step_size: Any = 1.0,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__()
         self._step_size = step_size
@@ -95,17 +95,17 @@ class NumberSlider(DataService):
         self._max = max_
 
     @property
-    def min(self) -> float:
+    def min(self) -> Any:
         """The min property."""
         return self._min
 
     @property
-    def max(self) -> float:
+    def max(self) -> Any:
         """The min property."""
         return self._max
 
     @property
-    def step_size(self) -> float:
+    def step_size(self) -> Any:
         """The min property."""
         return self._step_size
 

src/pydase/data_service/data_service.py

@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ from pydase.utils.helpers import (
     is_property_attribute,
 )
 from pydase.utils.serialization.serializer import (
-    SerializedObject,
     Serializer,
 )
+from pydase.utils.serialization.types import SerializedObject
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -27,17 +27,17 @@ class DataService(AbstractDataService):
         super().__init__()
         self.__check_instance_classes()
 
-    def __setattr__(self, __name: str, __value: Any) -> None:
+    def __setattr__(self, name: str, value: Any, /) -> None:
         # Check and warn for unexpected type changes in attributes
-        self._warn_on_type_change(__name, __value)
+        self._warn_on_type_change(name, value)
 
         # every class defined by the user should inherit from DataService if it is
         # assigned to a public attribute
-        if not __name.startswith("_") and not inspect.isfunction(__value):
-            self.__warn_if_not_observable(__value)
+        if not name.startswith("_") and not inspect.isfunction(value):
+            self.__warn_if_not_observable(value)
 
         # Set the attribute
-        super().__setattr__(__name, __value)
+        super().__setattr__(name, value)
 
     def _warn_on_type_change(self, attr_name: str, new_value: Any) -> None:
         if is_property_attribute(self, attr_name):
@@ -56,16 +56,14 @@ class DataService(AbstractDataService):
 
     def _is_unexpected_type_change(self, current_value: Any, new_value: Any) -> bool:
         return (
-            isinstance(current_value, float)
-            and not isinstance(new_value, float)
-            or (
-                isinstance(current_value, u.Quantity)
-                and not isinstance(new_value, u.Quantity)
-            )
+            isinstance(current_value, float) and not isinstance(new_value, float)
+        ) or (
+            isinstance(current_value, u.Quantity)
+            and not isinstance(new_value, u.Quantity)
         )
 
-    def __warn_if_not_observable(self, __value: Any) -> None:
-        value_class = __value if inspect.isclass(__value) else __value.__class__
+    def __warn_if_not_observable(self, value: Any, /) -> None:
+        value_class = value if inspect.isclass(value) else value.__class__
 
         if not issubclass(
             value_class,
@@ -81,7 +79,7 @@ class DataService(AbstractDataService):
                 | Observable
                 | Callable
             ),
-        ) and not is_descriptor(__value):
+        ) and not is_descriptor(value):
             logger.warning(
                 "Class '%s' does not inherit from DataService. This may lead to"
                 " unexpected behaviour!",

src/pydase/data_service/data_service_cache.py

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ import logging
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, cast
 
 from pydase.utils.serialization.serializer import (
-    SerializedObject,
     get_nested_dict_by_path,
     set_nested_value_by_path,
 )
+from pydase.utils.serialization.types import SerializedObject
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from pydase import DataService
@@ -14,6 +14,22 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class DataServiceCache:
+    """Maintains a serialized cache of the current state of a DataService instance.
+
+    This class is responsible for storing and updating a representation of the service's
+    public attributes and properties. It is primarily used by the StateManager and the
+    web server to serve consistent state to clients without accessing the DataService
+    attributes directly.
+
+    The cache is initialized once upon construction by serializing the full state of
+    the service. After that, it can be incrementally updated using attribute paths and
+    values as notified by the
+    [`DataServiceObserver`][pydase.data_service.data_service_observer.DataServiceObserver].
+
+    Args:
+        service: The DataService instance whose state should be cached.
+    """
+
     def __init__(self, service: "DataService") -> None:
         self._cache: SerializedObject
         self.service = service
@@ -30,13 +46,13 @@ class DataServiceCache:
 
     def update_cache(self, full_access_path: str, value: Any) -> None:
         set_nested_value_by_path(
-            cast(dict[str, SerializedObject], self._cache["value"]),
+            cast("dict[str, SerializedObject]", self._cache["value"]),
             full_access_path,
             value,
         )
 
     def get_value_dict_from_cache(self, full_access_path: str) -> SerializedObject:
         return get_nested_dict_by_path(
-            cast(dict[str, SerializedObject], self._cache["value"]),
+            cast("dict[str, SerializedObject]", self._cache["value"]),
             full_access_path,
         )

src/pydase/data_service/data_service_observer.py

@@ -10,17 +10,29 @@ from pydase.observer_pattern.observer.property_observer import (
 )
 from pydase.utils.helpers import (
     get_object_attr_from_path,
-    normalize_full_access_path_string,
 )
 from pydase.utils.serialization.serializer import (
     SerializationPathError,
-    SerializedObject,
     dump,
 )
+from pydase.utils.serialization.types import SerializedObject
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+def _is_nested_attribute(full_access_path: str, changing_attributes: list[str]) -> bool:
+    """Return True if the full_access_path is a nested attribute of any
+    changing_attribute."""
+
+    return any(
+        (
+            full_access_path.startswith((f"{attr}.", f"{attr}["))
+            and full_access_path != attr
+        )
+        for attr in changing_attributes
+    )
+
+
 class DataServiceObserver(PropertyObserver):
     def __init__(self, state_manager: StateManager) -> None:
         self.state_manager = state_manager
@@ -30,11 +42,7 @@ class DataServiceObserver(PropertyObserver):
         super().__init__(state_manager.service)
 
     def on_change(self, full_access_path: str, value: Any) -> None:
-        if any(
-            full_access_path.startswith(changing_attribute)
-            and full_access_path != changing_attribute
-            for changing_attribute in self.changing_attributes
-        ):
+        if _is_nested_attribute(full_access_path, self.changing_attributes):
             return
         cached_value_dict: SerializedObject
 
@@ -102,8 +110,7 @@ class DataServiceObserver(PropertyObserver):
         )
 
     def _notify_dependent_property_changes(self, changed_attr_path: str) -> None:
-        normalized_attr_path = normalize_full_access_path_string(changed_attr_path)
-        changed_props = self.property_deps_dict.get(normalized_attr_path, [])
+        changed_props = self.property_deps_dict.get(changed_attr_path, [])
         for prop in changed_props:
             # only notify about changing attribute if it is not currently being
             # "changed" e.g. when calling the getter of a property within another

src/pydase/data_service/state_manager.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import asyncio
 import contextlib
 import json
 import logging
@@ -16,11 +17,11 @@ from pydase.utils.helpers import (
 from pydase.utils.serialization.deserializer import loads
 from pydase.utils.serialization.serializer import (
     SerializationPathError,
-    SerializedObject,
     generate_serialized_data_paths,
     get_nested_dict_by_path,
     serialized_dict_is_nested_object,
 )
+from pydase.utils.serialization.types import SerializedObject
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from pydase import DataService
@@ -66,43 +67,41 @@ def has_load_state_decorator(prop: property) -> bool:
 class StateManager:
     """
     Manages the state of a DataService instance, serving as both a cache and a
-    persistence layer. It is designed to provide quick access to the latest known state
-    for newly connecting web clients without the need for expensive property accesses
-    that may involve complex calculations or I/O operations.
+    persistence layer. It provides fast access to the most recently known state of the
+    service and ensures consistent state updates across connected clients and service
+    restarts.
 
-    The StateManager listens for state change notifications from the DataService's
-    callback manager and updates its cache accordingly. This cache does not always
-    reflect the most current complex property states but rather retains the value from
-    the last known state, optimizing for performance and reducing the load on the
-    system.
+    The StateManager is used by the web server to apply updates to service attributes
+    and to serve the current state to newly connected clients. Internally, it creates a
+    [`DataServiceCache`][pydase.data_service.data_service_cache.DataServiceCache]
+    instance to track the state of public attributes and properties.
 
-    While the StateManager ensures that the cached state is as up-to-date as possible,
-    it does not autonomously update complex properties of the DataService. Such
-    properties must be updated programmatically, for instance, by invoking specific
-    tasks or methods that trigger the necessary operations to refresh their state.
-
-    The cached state maintained by the StateManager is particularly useful for web
-    clients that connect to the system and need immediate access to the current state of
-    the DataService. By avoiding direct and potentially costly property accesses, the
-    StateManager provides a snapshot of the DataService's state that is sufficiently
-    accurate for initial rendering and interaction.
+    The StateManager also handles state persistence: it can load a previously saved
+    state from disk at startup and periodically autosave the current state to a file
+    during runtime.
 
     Args:
-        service:
-            The DataService instance whose state is being managed.
-        filename:
-            The file name used for storing the DataService's state.
+        service: The DataService instance whose state is being managed.
+        filename: The file name used for loading and storing the DataService's state.
+            If provided, the state is loaded from this file at startup and saved to it
+            on shutdown or at regular intervals.
+        autosave_interval: Interval in seconds between automatic state save events.
+            If set to `None`, automatic saving is disabled.
 
     Note:
-        The StateManager's cache updates are triggered by notifications and do not
-        include autonomous updates of complex DataService properties, which must be
-        managed programmatically. The cache serves the purpose of providing immediate
-        state information to web clients, reflecting the state after the last property
-        update.
+        The StateManager does not autonomously poll hardware state. It relies on the
+        service to perform such updates. The cache maintained by
+        [`DataServiceCache`][pydase.data_service.data_service_cache.DataServiceCache]
+        reflects the last known state as notified by the `DataServiceObserver`, and is
+        used by the web interface to provide fast and accurate state rendering for
+        connected clients.
     """
 
     def __init__(
-        self, service: "DataService", filename: str | Path | None = None
+        self,
+        service: "DataService",
+        filename: str | Path | None = None,
+        autosave_interval: float | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         self.filename = getattr(service, "_filename", None)
 
@@ -115,30 +114,51 @@ class StateManager:
 
         self.service = service
         self.cache_manager = DataServiceCache(self.service)
+        self.autosave_interval = autosave_interval
+
+    async def autosave(self) -> None:
+        """Periodically saves the current service state to the configured file.
+
+        This coroutine is automatically started by the [`pydase.Server`][pydase.Server]
+        when a filename is provided. It runs in the background and writes the latest
+        known state of the service to disk every `autosave_interval` seconds.
+
+        If `autosave_interval` is set to `None`, autosaving is disabled and this
+        coroutine exits immediately.
+        """
+
+        if self.autosave_interval is None:
+            return
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                if self.filename is not None:
+                    self.save_state()
+                await asyncio.sleep(self.autosave_interval)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.exception(e)
 
     @property
     def cache_value(self) -> dict[str, SerializedObject]:
         """Returns the "value" value of the DataService serialization."""
-        return cast(dict[str, SerializedObject], self.cache_manager.cache["value"])
+        return cast("dict[str, SerializedObject]", self.cache_manager.cache["value"])
 
     def save_state(self) -> None:
-        """
-        Saves the DataService's current state to a JSON file defined by `self.filename`.
-        Logs an error if `self.filename` is not set.
+        """Saves the DataService's current state to a JSON file defined by
+        `self.filename`.
         """
 
         if self.filename is not None:
             with open(self.filename, "w") as f:
                 json.dump(self.cache_value, f, indent=4)
         else:
-            logger.info(
+            logger.debug(
                 "State manager was not initialised with a filename. Skipping "
                 "'save_state'..."
             )
 
     def load_state(self) -> None:
-        """
-        Loads the DataService's state from a JSON file defined by `self.filename`.
+        """Loads the DataService's state from a JSON file defined by `self.filename`.
         Updates the service's attributes, respecting type and read-only constraints.
         """
 
@@ -183,7 +203,7 @@ class StateManager:
             with open(self.filename) as f:
                 # Load JSON data from file and update class attributes with these
                 # values
-                return cast(dict[str, Any], json.load(f))
+                return cast("dict[str, Any]", json.load(f))
         return {}
 
     def set_service_attribute_value_by_path(
@@ -191,8 +211,7 @@ class StateManager:
         path: str,
         serialized_value: SerializedObject,
     ) -> None:
-        """
-        Sets the value of an attribute in the service managed by the `StateManager`
+        """Sets the value of an attribute in the service managed by the `StateManager`
         given its path as a dot-separated string.
 
         This method updates the attribute specified by 'path' with 'value' only if the

src/pydase/frontend/index.html

@@ -7,15 +7,15 @@
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
     <meta name="theme-color" content="#000000" />
     <meta name="description" content="Web site displaying a pydase UI." />
-  <script type="module" crossorigin src="/assets/index-BqF7l_R8.js"></script>
-  <link rel="stylesheet" crossorigin href="/assets/index-D2aktF3W.css">
+  <script type="module" crossorigin src="/assets/index-BLJetjaQ.js"></script>
+  <link rel="stylesheet" crossorigin href="/assets/index-DJzFvk4W.css">
 </head>
 
 <script>
     // this will be set by the python backend if the service is behind a proxy which strips a prefix. The frontend can use this to build the paths to the resources.
     window.__FORWARDED_PREFIX__ = "";
     window.__FORWARDED_PROTO__ = "";
-</script>`
+</script>
 
 <body>
     <noscript>You need to enable JavaScript to run this app.</noscript>

src/pydase/observer_pattern/observable/observable.py

@@ -55,6 +55,10 @@ class Observable(ObservableObject):
         value = super().__getattribute__(name)
 
         if is_property_attribute(self, name):
+            # fixes https://github.com/tiqi-group/pydase/issues/187 and
+            # https://github.com/tiqi-group/pydase/issues/192
+            if isinstance(value, ObservableObject):
+                value.add_observer(self, name)
             self._notify_changed(name, value)
 
         return value

src/pydase/observer_pattern/observable/observable_object.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import contextlib
 import logging
 import weakref
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
@@ -164,9 +165,9 @@ class _ObservableList(ObservableObject, list[Any]):
 
         self._notify_changed(f"[{key}]", value)
 
-    def append(self, __object: Any) -> None:
+    def append(self, object_: Any, /) -> None:
         self._notify_change_start("")
-        super().append(self._initialise_new_objects(f"[{len(self)}]", __object))
+        super().append(self._initialise_new_objects(f"[{len(self)}]", object_))
         self._notify_changed("", self)
 
     def clear(self) -> None:
@@ -176,33 +177,33 @@ class _ObservableList(ObservableObject, list[Any]):
 
         self._notify_changed("", self)
 
-    def extend(self, __iterable: Iterable[Any]) -> None:
+    def extend(self, iterable: Iterable[Any], /) -> None:
         self._remove_self_from_observables()
 
         try:
-            super().extend(__iterable)
+            super().extend(iterable)
         finally:
             for i, item in enumerate(self):
                 super().__setitem__(i, self._initialise_new_objects(f"[{i}]", item))
 
             self._notify_changed("", self)
 
-    def insert(self, __index: SupportsIndex, __object: Any) -> None:
+    def insert(self, index: SupportsIndex, object_: Any, /) -> None:
         self._remove_self_from_observables()
 
         try:
-            super().insert(__index, __object)
+            super().insert(index, object_)
         finally:
             for i, item in enumerate(self):
                 super().__setitem__(i, self._initialise_new_objects(f"[{i}]", item))
 
             self._notify_changed("", self)
 
-    def pop(self, __index: SupportsIndex = -1) -> Any:
+    def pop(self, index: SupportsIndex = -1, /) -> Any:
         self._remove_self_from_observables()
 
         try:
-            popped_item = super().pop(__index)
+            popped_item = super().pop(index)
         finally:
             for i, item in enumerate(self):
                 super().__setitem__(i, self._initialise_new_objects(f"[{i}]", item))
@@ -210,11 +211,11 @@ class _ObservableList(ObservableObject, list[Any]):
             self._notify_changed("", self)
         return popped_item
 
-    def remove(self, __value: Any) -> None:
+    def remove(self, value: Any, /) -> None:
         self._remove_self_from_observables()
 
         try:
-            super().remove(__value)
+            super().remove(value)
         finally:
             for i, item in enumerate(self):
                 super().__setitem__(i, self._initialise_new_objects(f"[{i}]", item))
@@ -252,7 +253,8 @@ class _ObservableDict(ObservableObject, dict[str, Any]):
             self.__setitem__(key, self._initialise_new_objects(f'["{key}"]', value))
 
     def __del__(self) -> None:
-        self._dict_mapping.pop(id(self._original_dict))
+        with contextlib.suppress(KeyError):
+            self._dict_mapping.pop(id(self._original_dict))
 
     def __setitem__(self, key: str, value: Any) -> None:
         if not isinstance(key, str):

src/pydase/observer_pattern/observer/property_observer.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ def reverse_dict(original_dict: dict[str, list[str]]) -> dict[str, list[str]]:
 
 def get_property_dependencies(prop: property, prefix: str = "") -> list[str]:
     source_code_string = inspect.getsource(prop.fget)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
-    pattern = r"self\.([^\s\{\}]+)"
+    pattern = r"self\.([^\s\{\}\(\)]+)"
     matches = re.findall(pattern, source_code_string)
     return [prefix + match for match in matches if "(" not in match]
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class PropertyObserver(Observer):
         elif isinstance(collection, dict):
             for key, val in collection.items():
                 if isinstance(val, Observable):
-                    new_prefix = f"{parent_path}['{key}']"
+                    new_prefix = f'{parent_path}["{key}"]'
                     deps.update(
                         self._get_properties_and_their_dependencies(val, new_prefix)
                     )

src/pydase/server/server.py

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ from pydase.data_service.data_service_observer import DataServiceObserver
 from pydase.data_service.state_manager import StateManager
 from pydase.server.web_server import WebServer
 from pydase.task.autostart import autostart_service_tasks
-from pydase.utils.helpers import current_event_loop_exists
 
 HANDLED_SIGNALS = (
     signal.SIGINT,  # Unix signal 2. Sent by Ctrl+C.
@@ -84,21 +83,17 @@ class Server:
     The `Server` class provides a flexible server implementation for the `DataService`.
 
     Args:
-        service:
-            The DataService instance that this server will manage.
-        host:
-            The host address for the server. Defaults to `'0.0.0.0'`, which means all
+        service: The DataService instance that this server will manage.
+        host: The host address for the server. Defaults to `'0.0.0.0'`, which means all
             available network interfaces.
-        web_port:
-            The port number for the web server. Defaults to
-            [`ServiceConfig().web_port`][pydase.config.ServiceConfig.web_port].
-        enable_web:
-            Whether to enable the web server.
-        filename:
-            Filename of the file managing the service state persistence.
-        additional_servers:
-            A list of additional servers to run alongside the main server.
-
+        web_port: The port number for the web server. If set to None, it will use the
+            port defined in
+            [`ServiceConfig().web_port`][pydase.config.ServiceConfig.web_port]. Defaults
+            to None.
+        enable_web: Whether to enable the web server.
+        filename: Filename of the file managing the service state persistence.
+        additional_servers: A list of additional servers to run alongside the main
+            server.
             Here's an example of how you might define an additional server:
 
             ```python
@@ -137,39 +132,47 @@ class Server:
             )
             server.run()
             ```
-        **kwargs:
-            Additional keyword arguments.
+        autosave_interval: Interval in seconds between automatic state save events.
+            If set to `None`, automatic saving is disabled. Defaults to 30 seconds.
+        **kwargs: Additional keyword arguments.
     """
 
     def __init__(  # noqa: PLR0913
         self,
         service: DataService,
         host: str = "0.0.0.0",
-        web_port: int = ServiceConfig().web_port,
+        web_port: int | None = None,
         enable_web: bool = True,
         filename: str | Path | None = None,
         additional_servers: list[AdditionalServer] | None = None,
+        autosave_interval: float = 30.0,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> None:
         if additional_servers is None:
             additional_servers = []
         self._service = service
         self._host = host
-        self._web_port = web_port
+        if web_port is None:
+            self._web_port = ServiceConfig().web_port
+        else:
+            self._web_port = web_port
         self._enable_web = enable_web
         self._kwargs = kwargs
         self._additional_servers = additional_servers
         self.should_exit = False
         self.servers: dict[str, asyncio.Future[Any]] = {}
-        self._state_manager = StateManager(self._service, filename)
+
+        self._loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+        asyncio.set_event_loop(self._loop)
+
+        self._state_manager = StateManager(
+            service=self._service,
+            filename=filename,
+            autosave_interval=autosave_interval,
+        )
         self._observer = DataServiceObserver(self._state_manager)
         self._state_manager.load_state()
         autostart_service_tasks(self._service)
-        if not current_event_loop_exists():
-            self._loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
-            asyncio.set_event_loop(self._loop)
-        else:
-            self._loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
 
     def run(self) -> None:
         """
@@ -177,7 +180,10 @@ class Server:
 
         This method should be called to start the server after it's been instantiated.
         """
-        self._loop.run_until_complete(self.serve())
+        try:
+            self._loop.run_until_complete(self.serve())
+        finally:
+            self._loop.close()
 
     async def serve(self) -> None:
         process_id = os.getpid()
@@ -223,6 +229,8 @@ class Server:
             server_task.add_done_callback(self._handle_server_shutdown)
             self.servers["web"] = server_task
 
+        self._loop.create_task(self._state_manager.autosave())
+
     def _handle_server_shutdown(self, task: asyncio.Task[Any]) -> None:
         """Handle server shutdown. If the service should exit, do nothing. Else, make
         the service exit."""
@@ -258,7 +266,7 @@ class Server:
             except asyncio.CancelledError:
                 logger.debug("Cancelled '%s' server.", server_name)
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error("Unexpected exception: %s", e)
+                logger.exception("Unexpected exception: %s", e)
 
     async def __cancel_tasks(self) -> None:
         for task in asyncio.all_tasks(self._loop):

src/pydase/server/web_server/api/v1/application.py

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 import inspect
 import logging
+from functools import partial
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 import aiohttp.web
 import aiohttp_middlewares.error
+import click
 
 from pydase.data_service.state_manager import StateManager
 from pydase.server.web_server.api.v1.endpoints import (
@@ -25,12 +27,14 @@ STATUS_FAILED = 400
 
 
 async def _get_value(
-    state_manager: StateManager, request: aiohttp.web.Request
+    request: aiohttp.web.Request, state_manager: StateManager
 ) -> aiohttp.web.Response:
-    logger.info("Handle api request: %s", request)
+    log_id = get_log_id(request)
 
     access_path = request.rel_url.query["access_path"]
 
+    logger.info("Client [%s] is getting the value of '%s'", log_id, access_path)
+
     status = STATUS_OK
     try:
         result = get_value(state_manager, access_path)
@@ -42,10 +46,16 @@ async def _get_value(
 
 
 async def _update_value(
-    state_manager: StateManager, request: aiohttp.web.Request
+    request: aiohttp.web.Request, state_manager: StateManager
 ) -> aiohttp.web.Response:
+    log_id = get_log_id(request)
+
     data: UpdateDict = await request.json()
 
+    logger.info(
+        "Client [%s] is updating the value of '%s'", log_id, data["access_path"]
+    )
+
     try:
         update_value(state_manager, data)
 
@@ -56,11 +66,17 @@ async def _update_value(
 
 
 async def _trigger_method(
-    state_manager: StateManager, request: aiohttp.web.Request
+    request: aiohttp.web.Request, state_manager: StateManager
 ) -> aiohttp.web.Response:
+    log_id = get_log_id(request)
+
     data: TriggerMethodDict = await request.json()
 
-    method = get_object_attr_from_path(state_manager.service, data["access_path"])
+    access_path = data["access_path"]
+
+    logger.info("Client [%s] is triggering the method '%s'", log_id, access_path)
+
+    method = get_object_attr_from_path(state_manager.service, access_path)
 
     try:
         if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(method):
@@ -77,22 +93,33 @@ async def _trigger_method(
         return aiohttp.web.json_response(dump(e), status=STATUS_FAILED)
 
 
+def get_log_id(request: aiohttp.web.Request) -> str:
+    client_id_header = request.headers.get("x-client-id", None)
+    remote_username_header = request.headers.get("remote-user", None)
+
+    if remote_username_header is not None:
+        log_id = f"user={click.style(remote_username_header, fg='cyan')}"
+    elif client_id_header is not None:
+        log_id = f"id={click.style(client_id_header, fg='cyan')}"
+    else:
+        log_id = f"id={click.style(None, fg='cyan')}"
+
+    return log_id
+
+
 def create_api_application(state_manager: StateManager) -> aiohttp.web.Application:
     api_application = aiohttp.web.Application(
         middlewares=(aiohttp_middlewares.error.error_middleware(),)
     )
 
     api_application.router.add_get(
-        "/get_value",
-        lambda request: _get_value(state_manager=state_manager, request=request),
+        "/get_value", partial(_get_value, state_manager=state_manager)
     )
     api_application.router.add_put(
-        "/update_value",
-        lambda request: _update_value(state_manager=state_manager, request=request),
+        "/update_value", partial(_update_value, state_manager=state_manager)
     )
     api_application.router.add_put(
-        "/trigger_method",
-        lambda request: _trigger_method(state_manager=state_manager, request=request),
+        "/trigger_method", partial(_trigger_method, state_manager=state_manager)
     )
 
     return api_application

src/pydase/server/web_server/sio_setup.py

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ from pydase.data_service.data_service_observer import DataServiceObserver
 from pydase.data_service.state_manager import StateManager
 from pydase.server.web_server.api.v1 import endpoints
 from pydase.utils.logging import SocketIOHandler
-from pydase.utils.serialization.serializer import SerializedObject
+from pydase.utils.serialization.types import SerializedObject
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -141,22 +141,41 @@ def setup_sio_server(
 def setup_sio_events(sio: socketio.AsyncServer, state_manager: StateManager) -> None:  # noqa: C901
     @sio.event  # type: ignore
     async def connect(sid: str, environ: Any) -> None:
-        logger.debug("Client [%s] connected", click.style(str(sid), fg="cyan"))
+        client_id_header = environ.get("HTTP_X_CLIENT_ID", None)
+        remote_username_header = environ.get("HTTP_REMOTE_USER", None)
+
+        if remote_username_header is not None:
+            log_id = f"user={click.style(remote_username_header, fg='cyan')}"
+        elif client_id_header is not None:
+            log_id = f"id={click.style(client_id_header, fg='cyan')}"
+        else:
+            log_id = f"sid={click.style(sid, fg='cyan')}"
+
+        async with sio.session(sid) as session:
+            session["client_id"] = log_id
+            logger.info("Client [%s] connected", session["client_id"])
 
     @sio.event  # type: ignore
     async def disconnect(sid: str) -> None:
-        logger.debug("Client [%s] disconnected", click.style(str(sid), fg="cyan"))
+        async with sio.session(sid) as session:
+            logger.info("Client [%s] disconnected", session["client_id"])
 
     @sio.event  # type: ignore
     async def service_serialization(sid: str) -> SerializedObject:
-        logger.debug(
-            "Client [%s] requested service serialization",
-            click.style(str(sid), fg="cyan"),
-        )
+        async with sio.session(sid) as session:
+            logger.info(
+                "Client [%s] requested service serialization", session["client_id"]
+            )
         return state_manager.cache_manager.cache
 
     @sio.event
     async def update_value(sid: str, data: UpdateDict) -> SerializedObject | None:
+        async with sio.session(sid) as session:
+            logger.info(
+                "Client [%s] is updating the value of '%s'",
+                session["client_id"],
+                data["access_path"],
+            )
         try:
             endpoints.update_value(state_manager=state_manager, data=data)
         except Exception as e:
@@ -166,6 +185,12 @@ def setup_sio_events(sio: socketio.AsyncServer, state_manager: StateManager) ->
 
     @sio.event
     async def get_value(sid: str, access_path: str) -> SerializedObject:
+        async with sio.session(sid) as session:
+            logger.info(
+                "Client [%s] is getting the value of '%s'",
+                session["client_id"],
+                access_path,
+            )
         try:
             return endpoints.get_value(
                 state_manager=state_manager, access_path=access_path
@@ -176,16 +201,23 @@ def setup_sio_events(sio: socketio.AsyncServer, state_manager: StateManager) ->
 
     @sio.event
     async def trigger_method(sid: str, data: TriggerMethodDict) -> Any:
-        method = get_object_attr_from_path(state_manager.service, data["access_path"])
-
+        async with sio.session(sid) as session:
+            logger.info(
+                "Client [%s] is triggering the method '%s'",
+                session["client_id"],
+                data["access_path"],
+            )
         try:
+            method = get_object_attr_from_path(
+                state_manager.service, data["access_path"]
+            )
             if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(method):
                 return await endpoints.trigger_async_method(
                     state_manager=state_manager, data=data
                 )
             return endpoints.trigger_method(state_manager=state_manager, data=data)
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(e)
+            logger.exception(e)
             return dump(e)
 
 

src/pydase/server/web_server/web_server.py

@@ -150,10 +150,7 @@ class WebServer:
                     f"{escaped_prefix}/favicon.ico",
                 )
 
-                return aiohttp.web.Response(
-                    text=modified_html, content_type="text/html"
-                )
-            return aiohttp.web.FileResponse(self.frontend_src / "index.html")
+            return aiohttp.web.Response(text=modified_html, content_type="text/html")
 
         app = aiohttp.web.Application()
 

src/pydase/task/decorator.py

@@ -26,15 +26,25 @@ class PerInstanceTaskDescriptor(Generic[R]):
     the service class.
     """
 
-    def __init__(
+    def __init__(  # noqa: PLR0913
         self,
         func: Callable[[Any], Coroutine[None, None, R]]
         | Callable[[], Coroutine[None, None, R]],
-        autostart: bool = False,
+        autostart: bool,
+        restart_on_exception: bool,
+        restart_sec: float,
+        start_limit_interval_sec: float | None,
+        start_limit_burst: int,
+        exit_on_failure: bool,
     ) -> None:
         self.__func = func
         self.__autostart = autostart
         self.__task_instances: dict[object, Task[R]] = {}
+        self.__restart_on_exception = restart_on_exception
+        self.__restart_sec = restart_sec
+        self.__start_limit_interval_sec = start_limit_interval_sec
+        self.__start_limit_burst = start_limit_burst
+        self.__exit_on_failure = exit_on_failure
 
     def __set_name__(self, owner: type[DataService], name: str) -> None:
         """Stores the name of the task within the owning class. This method is called
@@ -67,14 +77,28 @@ class PerInstanceTaskDescriptor(Generic[R]):
         if instance not in self.__task_instances:
             self.__task_instances[instance] = instance._initialise_new_objects(
                 self.__task_name,
-                Task(self.__func.__get__(instance, owner), autostart=self.__autostart),
+                Task(
+                    self.__func.__get__(instance, owner),
+                    autostart=self.__autostart,
+                    restart_on_exception=self.__restart_on_exception,
+                    restart_sec=self.__restart_sec,
+                    start_limit_interval_sec=self.__start_limit_interval_sec,
+                    start_limit_burst=self.__start_limit_burst,
+                    exit_on_failure=self.__exit_on_failure,
+                ),
             )
 
         return self.__task_instances[instance]
 
 
-def task(
-    *, autostart: bool = False
+def task(  # noqa: PLR0913
+    *,
+    autostart: bool = False,
+    restart_on_exception: bool = True,
+    restart_sec: float = 1.0,
+    start_limit_interval_sec: float | None = None,
+    start_limit_burst: int = 3,
+    exit_on_failure: bool = False,
 ) -> Callable[
     [
         Callable[[Any], Coroutine[None, None, R]]
@@ -96,13 +120,30 @@ def task(
     periodically or perform asynchronous operations, such as polling data sources,
     updating databases, or any recurring job that should be managed within the context
     of a `DataService`.
-    time.
+
+    The keyword arguments that can be passed to this decorator are inspired by systemd
+    unit services.
 
     Args:
         autostart:
             If set to True, the task will automatically start when the service is
             initialized. Defaults to False.
-
+        restart_on_exception:
+            Configures whether the task shall be restarted when it exits with an
+            exception other than [`asyncio.CancelledError`][asyncio.CancelledError].
+        restart_sec:
+            Configures the time to sleep before restarting a task. Defaults to 1.0.
+        start_limit_interval_sec:
+            Configures start rate limiting. Tasks which are started more than
+            `start_limit_burst` times within an `start_limit_interval_sec` time span are
+            not permitted to start any more. Defaults to None (disabled rate limiting).
+        start_limit_burst:
+            Configures unit start rate limiting. Tasks which are started more than
+            `start_limit_burst` times within an `start_limit_interval_sec` time span are
+            not permitted to start any more. Defaults to 3.
+        exit_on_failure:
+            If True, exit the service if the task fails and restart_on_exception is
+            False or burst limits are exceeded.
     Returns:
         A decorator that wraps an asynchronous function in a
         [`PerInstanceTaskDescriptor`][pydase.task.decorator.PerInstanceTaskDescriptor]
@@ -140,6 +181,14 @@ def task(
         func: Callable[[Any], Coroutine[None, None, R]]
         | Callable[[], Coroutine[None, None, R]],
     ) -> PerInstanceTaskDescriptor[R]:
-        return PerInstanceTaskDescriptor(func, autostart=autostart)
+        return PerInstanceTaskDescriptor(
+            func,
+            autostart=autostart,
+            restart_on_exception=restart_on_exception,
+            restart_sec=restart_sec,
+            start_limit_interval_sec=start_limit_interval_sec,
+            start_limit_burst=start_limit_burst,
+            exit_on_failure=exit_on_failure,
+        )
 
     return decorator

src/pydase/task/task.py

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 import asyncio
-import inspect
 import logging
+import os
+import signal
 from collections.abc import Callable, Coroutine
+from datetime import datetime
+from time import time
 from typing import (
     Generic,
     TypeVar,
@@ -28,6 +31,9 @@ class Task(pydase.data_service.data_service.DataService, Generic[R]):
     decorator, it is replaced by a `Task` instance that controls the execution of the
     original function.
 
+    The keyword arguments that can be passed to this class are inspired by systemd unit
+    services.
+
     Args:
         func:
             The asynchronous function that this task wraps. It must be a coroutine
@@ -35,6 +41,22 @@ class Task(pydase.data_service.data_service.DataService, Generic[R]):
         autostart:
             If set to True, the task will automatically start when the service is
             initialized. Defaults to False.
+        restart_on_exception:
+            Configures whether the task shall be restarted when it exits with an
+            exception other than [`asyncio.CancelledError`][asyncio.CancelledError].
+        restart_sec:
+            Configures the time to sleep before restarting a task. Defaults to 1.0.
+        start_limit_interval_sec:
+            Configures start rate limiting. Tasks which are started more than
+            `start_limit_burst` times within an `start_limit_interval_sec` time span are
+            not permitted to start any more. Defaults to None (disabled rate limiting).
+        start_limit_burst:
+            Configures unit start rate limiting. Tasks which are started more than
+            `start_limit_burst` times within an `start_limit_interval_sec` time span are
+            not permitted to start any more. Defaults to 3.
+        exit_on_failure:
+            If True, exit the service if the task fails and restart_on_exception is
+            False or burst limits are exceeded.
 
     Example:
         ```python
@@ -63,14 +85,24 @@ class Task(pydase.data_service.data_service.DataService, Generic[R]):
         `service.my_task.start()` and `service.my_task.stop()`, respectively.
     """
 
-    def __init__(
+    def __init__(  # noqa: PLR0913
         self,
         func: Callable[[], Coroutine[None, None, R | None]],
         *,
-        autostart: bool = False,
+        autostart: bool,
+        restart_on_exception: bool,
+        restart_sec: float,
+        start_limit_interval_sec: float | None,
+        start_limit_burst: int,
+        exit_on_failure: bool,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__()
         self._autostart = autostart
+        self._restart_on_exception = restart_on_exception
+        self._restart_sec = restart_sec
+        self._start_limit_interval_sec = start_limit_interval_sec
+        self._start_limit_burst = start_limit_burst
+        self._exit_on_failure = exit_on_failure
         self._func_name = func.__name__
         self._func = func
         self._task: asyncio.Task[R | None] | None = None
@@ -109,38 +141,95 @@ class Task(pydase.data_service.data_service.DataService, Generic[R]):
             self._task = None
             self._status = TaskStatus.NOT_RUNNING
 
-            exception = task.exception()
+            exception = None
+            try:
+                exception = task.exception()
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                return
+
             if exception is not None:
-                # Handle the exception, or you can re-raise it.
                 logger.error(
-                    "Task '%s' encountered an exception: %s: %s",
+                    "Task '%s' encountered an exception: %r",
                     self._func_name,
-                    type(exception).__name__,
                     exception,
                 )
-                raise exception
-
-            self._result = task.result()
-
-        async def run_task() -> R | None:
-            if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(self._func):
-                logger.info("Starting task %r", self._func_name)
-                self._status = TaskStatus.RUNNING
-                res: Coroutine[None, None, R | None] = self._func()
-                try:
-                    return await res
-                except asyncio.CancelledError:
-                    logger.info("Task '%s' was cancelled", self._func_name)
-                    return None
-            logger.warning(
-                "Cannot start task %r. Function has not been bound yet", self._func_name
-            )
-            return None
+                os.kill(os.getpid(), signal.SIGTERM)
+            else:
+                self._result = task.result()
 
         logger.info("Creating task %r", self._func_name)
-        self._task = self._loop.create_task(run_task())
+        self._task = self._loop.create_task(self.__running_task_loop())
         self._task.add_done_callback(task_done_callback)
 
+    async def __running_task_loop(self) -> R | None:
+        logger.info("Starting task %r", self._func_name)
+        self._status = TaskStatus.RUNNING
+        attempts = 0
+        start_time_of_start_limit_interval = None
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                return await self._func()
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                logger.info("Task '%s' was cancelled", self._func_name)
+                raise
+            except Exception as e:
+                attempts, start_time_of_start_limit_interval = (
+                    self._handle_task_exception(
+                        e, attempts, start_time_of_start_limit_interval
+                    )
+                )
+                if not self._should_restart_task(
+                    attempts, start_time_of_start_limit_interval
+                ):
+                    if self._exit_on_failure:
+                        raise e
+                    break
+                await asyncio.sleep(self._restart_sec)
+        return None
+
+    def _handle_task_exception(
+        self,
+        exception: Exception,
+        attempts: int,
+        start_time_of_start_limit_interval: float | None,
+    ) -> tuple[int, float]:
+        """Handle an exception raised during task execution."""
+        if start_time_of_start_limit_interval is None:
+            start_time_of_start_limit_interval = time()
+
+        attempts += 1
+        logger.exception(
+            "Task %r encountered an exception: %r [attempt %s since %s].",
+            self._func.__name__,
+            exception,
+            attempts,
+            datetime.fromtimestamp(start_time_of_start_limit_interval),
+        )
+        return attempts, start_time_of_start_limit_interval
+
+    def _should_restart_task(
+        self, attempts: int, start_time_of_start_limit_interval: float
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Determine if the task should be restarted."""
+        if not self._restart_on_exception:
+            return False
+
+        if self._start_limit_interval_sec is not None:
+            if (
+                time() - start_time_of_start_limit_interval
+            ) > self._start_limit_interval_sec:
+                # Reset attempts if interval is exceeded
+                start_time_of_start_limit_interval = time()
+                attempts = 1
+            elif attempts > self._start_limit_burst:
+                logger.error(
+                    "Task %r exceeded restart burst limit. Stopping.",
+                    self._func.__name__,
+                )
+                return False
+        return True
+
     def stop(self) -> None:
         """Stops the running asynchronous task by cancelling it."""
 

src/pydase/utils/helpers.py

@@ -219,29 +219,18 @@ def is_descriptor(obj: object) -> bool:
 
 
 def current_event_loop_exists() -> bool:
-    """Check if an event loop has been set."""
-    import asyncio
+    """Check if a running and open asyncio event loop exists in the current thread.
 
-    return asyncio.get_event_loop_policy()._local._loop is not None  # type: ignore
-
-
-def normalize_full_access_path_string(s: str) -> str:
-    """Normalizes a string representing a full access path by converting double quotes
-    to single quotes.
-
-    This function is useful for ensuring consistency in strings that represent access
-    paths containing dictionary keys, by replacing all double quotes (`"`) with single
-    quotes (`'`).
-
-    Args:
-        s (str): The input string to be normalized.
+    This checks if an event loop is set via the current event loop policy and verifies
+    that the loop has not been closed.
 
     Returns:
-        A new string with all double quotes replaced by single quotes.
-
-    Example:
-        >>> normalize_full_access_path_string('dictionary["first"].my_task')
-        "dictionary['first'].my_task"
+        True if an event loop exists and is not closed, False otherwise.
     """
 
-    return s.replace('"', "'")
+    import asyncio
+
+    try:
+        return not asyncio.get_event_loop().is_closed()
+    except RuntimeError:
+        return False

src/pydase/utils/logging.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import logging.config
 import sys
 from collections.abc import Callable
 from copy import copy
-from typing import ClassVar, Literal
+from typing import ClassVar, Literal, TextIO
 
 import click
 import socketio  # type: ignore[import-untyped]
@@ -29,22 +29,44 @@ LOGGING_CONFIG = {
             "datefmt": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
         },
     },
+    "filters": {
+        "only_pydase_server": {
+            "()": "pydase.utils.logging.NameFilter",
+            "match": "pydase.server",
+        },
+        "exclude_pydase_server": {
+            "()": "pydase.utils.logging.NameFilter",
+            "match": "pydase.server",
+            "invert": True,
+        },
+    },
     "handlers": {
-        "default": {
+        "stdout_handler": {
             "formatter": "default",
             "class": "logging.StreamHandler",
             "stream": "ext://sys.stdout",
+            "filters": ["only_pydase_server"],
+        },
+        "stderr_handler": {
+            "formatter": "default",
+            "class": "logging.StreamHandler",
+            "stream": "ext://sys.stderr",
+            "filters": ["exclude_pydase_server"],
         },
     },
     "loggers": {
-        "pydase": {"handlers": ["default"], "level": LOG_LEVEL, "propagate": False},
+        "pydase": {
+            "handlers": ["stdout_handler", "stderr_handler"],
+            "level": LOG_LEVEL,
+            "propagate": False,
+        },
         "aiohttp_middlewares": {
-            "handlers": ["default"],
+            "handlers": ["stderr_handler"],
             "level": logging.WARNING,
             "propagate": False,
         },
         "aiohttp": {
-            "handlers": ["default"],
+            "handlers": ["stderr_handler"],
             "level": logging.INFO,
             "propagate": False,
         },
@@ -52,6 +74,23 @@ LOGGING_CONFIG = {
 }
 
 
+class NameFilter(logging.Filter):
+    """
+    Logging filter that allows filtering logs based on the logger name.
+    Can either include or exclude a specific logger.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, match: str, invert: bool = False):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.match = match
+        self.invert = invert
+
+    def filter(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> bool:
+        if self.invert:
+            return not record.name.startswith(self.match)
+        return record.name.startswith(self.match)
+
+
 class DefaultFormatter(logging.Formatter):
     """
     A custom log formatter class that:
@@ -150,3 +189,51 @@ def setup_logging() -> None:
     logger.debug("Configuring pydase logging.")
 
     logging.config.dictConfig(LOGGING_CONFIG)
+
+
+def configure_logging_with_pydase_formatter(
+    name: str | None = None, level: int = logging.INFO, stream: TextIO | None = None
+) -> None:
+    """Configure a logger with the pydase `DefaultFormatter`.
+
+    This sets up a `StreamHandler` with the custom `DefaultFormatter`, which includes
+    timestamp, log level with color (if supported), logger name, function, and line
+    number. It can be used to configure the root logger or any named logger.
+
+    Args:
+        name: The name of the logger to configure. If None, the root logger is used.
+        level: The logging level to set on the logger (e.g., logging.DEBUG,
+            logging.INFO). Defaults to logging.INFO.
+        stream: The output stream for the log messages (e.g., sys.stdout or sys.stderr).
+            If None, defaults to sys.stderr.
+
+    Example:
+        Configure logging in your service:
+
+        ```python
+        import sys
+        from pydase.utils.logging import configure_logging_with_pydase_formatter
+
+        configure_logging_with_pydase_formatter(
+            name="my_service",      # Use the package/module name or None for the root logger
+            level=logging.DEBUG,    # Set the desired logging level (defaults to INFO)
+            stream=sys.stdout       # Set the output stream (stderr by default)
+        )
+        ```
+
+    Notes:
+        - This function adds a new handler each time it's called.
+          Use carefully to avoid duplicate logs.
+        - Colors are enabled if the stream supports TTY (e.g., in terminal).
+    """  # noqa: E501
+
+    logger = logging.getLogger(name=name)
+    handler = logging.StreamHandler(stream=stream)
+    formatter = DefaultFormatter(
+        fmt="%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d | %(levelprefix)s | "
+        "%(name)s:%(funcName)s:%(lineno)d - %(message)s",
+        datefmt="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
+    )
+    handler.setFormatter(formatter)
+    logger.addHandler(handler)
+    logger.setLevel(level)

src/pydase/utils/serialization/deserializer.py

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ class Deserializer:
     def deserialize_list(cls, serialized_object: SerializedObject) -> Any:
         return [
             cls.deserialize(item)
-            for item in cast(list[SerializedObject], serialized_object["value"])
+            for item in cast("list[SerializedObject]", serialized_object["value"])
         ]
 
     @classmethod
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ class Deserializer:
         return {
             key: cls.deserialize(value)
             for key, value in cast(
-                dict[str, SerializedObject], serialized_object["value"]
+                "dict[str, SerializedObject]", serialized_object["value"]
             ).items()
         }
 
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ class Deserializer:
 
             # Process and add properties based on the serialized object
             for key, value in cast(
-                dict[str, SerializedObject], serialized_object["value"]
+                "dict[str, SerializedObject]", serialized_object["value"]
             ).items():
                 if value["type"] != "method":
                     class_attrs[key] = cls.create_attr_property(value)

src/pydase/utils/serialization/serializer.py

@@ -20,29 +20,29 @@ from pydase.utils.helpers import (
     parse_full_access_path,
     parse_serialized_key,
 )
-from pydase.utils.serialization.types import (
-    DataServiceTypes,
-    SerializedBool,
-    SerializedDataService,
-    SerializedDatetime,
-    SerializedDict,
-    SerializedEnum,
-    SerializedException,
-    SerializedFloat,
-    SerializedInteger,
-    SerializedList,
-    SerializedMethod,
-    SerializedNoneType,
-    SerializedObject,
-    SerializedQuantity,
-    SerializedString,
-    SignatureDict,
-)
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from collections.abc import Callable
 
     from pydase.client.proxy_class import ProxyClass
+    from pydase.utils.serialization.types import (
+        DataServiceTypes,
+        SerializedBool,
+        SerializedDataService,
+        SerializedDatetime,
+        SerializedDict,
+        SerializedEnum,
+        SerializedException,
+        SerializedFloat,
+        SerializedInteger,
+        SerializedList,
+        SerializedMethod,
+        SerializedNoneType,
+        SerializedObject,
+        SerializedQuantity,
+        SerializedString,
+        SignatureDict,
+    )
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ class Serializer:
 
         for k, v in sig.parameters.items():
             default_value = cast(
-                dict[str, Any], {} if v.default == inspect._empty else dump(v.default)
+                "dict[str, Any]", {} if v.default == inspect._empty else dump(v.default)
             )
             default_value.pop("full_access_path", None)
             signature["parameters"][k] = {
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ def set_nested_value_by_path(
                 current_dict, path_part, allow_append=False
             )
             current_dict = cast(
-                dict[Any, SerializedObject],
+                "dict[Any, SerializedObject]",
                 next_level_serialized_object["value"],
             )
 
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ def set_nested_value_by_path(
             current_dict, path_parts[-1], allow_append=True
         )
     except (SerializationPathError, KeyError) as e:
-        logger.error("Error occured trying to change %a: %s", path, e)
+        logger.exception("Error occured trying to change %a: %s", path, e)
         return
 
     if next_level_serialized_object["type"] == "method":  # state change of task
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ def get_nested_dict_by_path(
             current_dict, path_part, allow_append=False
         )
         current_dict = cast(
-            dict[Any, SerializedObject],
+            "dict[Any, SerializedObject]",
             next_level_serialized_object["value"],
         )
     return get_container_item_by_key(current_dict, path_parts[-1], allow_append=False)
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ def get_or_create_item_in_container(
         return container[key]
     except IndexError:
         if allow_add_key and key == len(container):
-            cast(list[SerializedObject], container).append(
+            cast("list[SerializedObject]", container).append(
                 create_empty_serialized_object()
             )
             return container[key]
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ def get_data_paths_from_serialized_object(  # noqa: C901
 
     elif serialized_dict_is_nested_object(serialized_obj):
         for key, value in cast(
-            dict[str, SerializedObject], serialized_obj["value"]
+            "dict[str, SerializedObject]", serialized_obj["value"]
         ).items():
             # Serialized dictionaries need to have a different new_path than nested
             # classes
@@ -628,13 +628,13 @@ def add_prefix_to_full_access_path(
 
         if isinstance(serialized_obj["value"], list):
             for value in serialized_obj["value"]:
-                add_prefix_to_full_access_path(cast(SerializedObject, value), prefix)
+                add_prefix_to_full_access_path(cast("SerializedObject", value), prefix)
 
         elif isinstance(serialized_obj["value"], dict):
             for value in cast(
-                dict[str, SerializedObject], serialized_obj["value"]
+                "dict[str, SerializedObject]", serialized_obj["value"]
             ).values():
-                add_prefix_to_full_access_path(cast(SerializedObject, value), prefix)
+                add_prefix_to_full_access_path(cast("SerializedObject", value), prefix)
     except (TypeError, KeyError, AttributeError):
         # passed dictionary is not a serialized object
         pass

tests/client/test_client.py

@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@ import threading
 from collections.abc import Generator
 from typing import Any
 
-import pydase
 import pytest
+
+import pydase
 from pydase.client.proxy_loader import ProxyAttributeError
 
 
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ def pydase_client() -> Generator[pydase.Client, None, Any]:
 
     yield client
 
+    client.disconnect()
     server.handle_exit()
     thread.join()
 
@@ -161,3 +163,17 @@ def test_context_manager(pydase_client: pydase.Client) -> None:
         assert client.proxy.my_property == 1337.01
 
     assert not client.proxy.connected
+
+
+def test_client_id(
+    pydase_client: pydase.Client, caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture
+) -> None:
+    import socket
+
+    pydase.Client(url="ws://localhost:9999")
+
+    assert f"Client [id={socket.gethostname()}]" in caplog.text
+    caplog.clear()
+
+    pydase.Client(url="ws://localhost:9999", client_id="my_service")
+    assert "Client [id=my_service] connected" in caplog.text

tests/client/test_reconnection.py

@@ -2,27 +2,26 @@ import threading
 from collections.abc import Callable, Generator
 from typing import Any
 
-import pydase
 import pytest
 import socketio.exceptions
 
+import pydase
+
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="function")
-def pydase_restartable_server() -> (
-    Generator[
-        tuple[
-            pydase.Server,
-            threading.Thread,
-            pydase.DataService,
-            Callable[
-                [pydase.Server, threading.Thread, pydase.DataService],
-                tuple[pydase.Server, threading.Thread],
-            ],
+def pydase_restartable_server() -> Generator[
+    tuple[
+        pydase.Server,
+        threading.Thread,
+        pydase.DataService,
+        Callable[
+            [pydase.Server, threading.Thread, pydase.DataService],
+            tuple[pydase.Server, threading.Thread],
         ],
-        None,
-        Any,
-    ]
-):
+    ],
+    None,
+    Any,
+]:
     class MyService(pydase.DataService):
         def __init__(self) -> None:
             super().__init__()
@@ -62,9 +61,6 @@ def pydase_restartable_server() -> (
 
     yield server, thread, service_instance, restart
 
-    server.handle_exit()
-    thread.join()
-
 
 def test_reconnection(
     pydase_restartable_server: tuple[
@@ -105,3 +101,6 @@ def test_reconnection(
     # the service proxies successfully reconnect and get the new service name
     assert client.proxy.name == "New service name"
     assert client_2.proxy.name == "New service name"
+
+    server.handle_exit()
+    thread.join()

tests/components/test_device_connection.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from pydase.task.autostart import autostart_service_tasks
 from pytest import LogCaptureFixture
 
 
-@pytest.mark.asyncio(scope="function")
+@pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
 async def test_reconnection(caplog: LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
     class MyService(pydase.components.device_connection.DeviceConnection):
         def __init__(

tests/data_service/test_data_service_observer.py

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import logging
 from typing import Any
 
-import pydase
 import pytest
+
+import pydase
 from pydase.data_service.data_service_observer import DataServiceObserver
 from pydase.data_service.state_manager import StateManager
 from pydase.utils.serialization.serializer import SerializationError, dump
@@ -167,8 +168,8 @@ def test_normalized_attr_path_in_dependent_property_changes(
     state_manager = StateManager(service=service_instance)
     observer = DataServiceObserver(state_manager=state_manager)
 
-    assert observer.property_deps_dict["service_dict['one']._prop"] == [
-        "service_dict['one'].prop"
+    assert observer.property_deps_dict['service_dict["one"]._prop'] == [
+        'service_dict["one"].prop'
     ]
 
     # We can use dict key path encoded with double quotes
@@ -184,3 +185,99 @@ def test_normalized_attr_path_in_dependent_property_changes(
     )
     assert service_instance.service_dict["one"].prop == 12.0
     assert "'service_dict[\"one\"].prop' changed to '12.0'" in caplog.text
+
+
+def test_nested_dict_property_changes(
+    caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+) -> None:
+    def get_voltage() -> float:
+        """Mocking a remote device."""
+        return 2.0
+
+    def set_voltage(value: float) -> None:
+        """Mocking a remote device."""
+
+    class OtherService(pydase.DataService):
+        _voltage = 1.0
+
+        @property
+        def voltage(self) -> float:
+            # Property dependency _voltage changes within the property itself.
+            # This should be handled gracefully, i.e. not introduce recursion
+            self._voltage = get_voltage()
+            return self._voltage
+
+        @voltage.setter
+        def voltage(self, value: float) -> None:
+            self._voltage = value
+            set_voltage(self._voltage)
+
+    class MyService(pydase.DataService):
+        def __init__(self) -> None:
+            super().__init__()
+            self.my_dict = {"key": OtherService()}
+
+    service = MyService()
+    pydase.Server(service)
+
+    # Changing the _voltage attribute should re-evaluate the voltage property, but avoid
+    # recursion
+    service.my_dict["key"].voltage = 1.2
+
+
+def test_read_only_dict_property(caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
+    class MyObservable(pydase.DataService):
+        def __init__(self) -> None:
+            super().__init__()
+            self._dict_attr = {"dotted.key": 1.0}
+
+        @property
+        def dict_attr(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+            return self._dict_attr
+
+    service_instance = MyObservable()
+    state_manager = StateManager(service=service_instance)
+    DataServiceObserver(state_manager)
+
+    service_instance._dict_attr["dotted.key"] = 2.0
+
+    assert "'dict_attr[\"dotted.key\"]' changed to '2.0'" in caplog.text
+
+
+def test_dependency_as_function_argument(caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
+    class MyObservable(pydase.DataService):
+        some_int = 0
+
+        @property
+        def other_int(self) -> int:
+            return self.add_one(self.some_int)
+
+        def add_one(self, value: int) -> int:
+            return value + 1
+
+    service_instance = MyObservable()
+    state_manager = StateManager(service=service_instance)
+    DataServiceObserver(state_manager)
+
+    service_instance.some_int = 1337
+
+    assert "'other_int' changed to '1338'" in caplog.text
+
+
+def test_property_starting_with_dependency_name(
+    caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+) -> None:
+    class MyObservable(pydase.DataService):
+        my_int = 0
+
+        @property
+        def my_int_2(self) -> int:
+            return self.my_int + 1
+
+    service_instance = MyObservable()
+    state_manager = StateManager(service=service_instance)
+    DataServiceObserver(state_manager)
+
+    service_instance.my_int = 1337
+
+    assert "'my_int_2' changed to '1338'" in caplog.text

tests/data_service/test_state_manager.py

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
+import asyncio
 import json
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any
 
+import anyio
 import pydase
 import pydase.components
 import pydase.units as u
+import pytest
 from pydase.data_service.data_service_observer import DataServiceObserver
 from pydase.data_service.state_manager import (
     StateManager,
@@ -349,4 +352,24 @@ def test_property_load_state(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
 
     assert service_instance.name == "Some other name"
     assert service_instance.not_loadable_attr == "Not loadable"
-    assert not has_load_state_decorator(type(service_instance).property_without_setter)
+    assert not has_load_state_decorator(type(service_instance).property_without_setter)  # type: ignore
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio()
+async def test_autosave(tmp_path: Path, caplog: LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
+    filename = tmp_path / "state.json"
+
+    service = Service()
+    manager = StateManager(service=service, filename=filename, autosave_interval=0.1)
+    DataServiceObserver(state_manager=manager)
+
+    task = asyncio.create_task(manager.autosave())
+    service.property_attr = 198.0
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+    task.cancel()
+
+    assert filename.exists(), "Autosave should write to the file"
+    async with await anyio.open_file(filename) as f:
+        data = json.loads(await f.read())
+
+    assert data["property_attr"]["value"] == service.property_attr

tests/observer_pattern/observable/test_decorators.py

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import asyncio
 import threading
 
-import pydase
 import pytest
+
+import pydase
 from pydase.observer_pattern.observable.decorators import validate_set
 
 
@@ -17,7 +18,10 @@ def linspace(start: float, stop: float, n: int):
 
 def asyncio_loop_thread(loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop) -> None:
     asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
-    loop.run_forever()
+    try:
+        loop.run_forever()
+    finally:
+        loop.close()
 
 
 def test_validate_set_precision(caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
@@ -89,10 +93,10 @@ def test_validate_set_timeout(caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
         def value(self, value: float) -> None:
             self.loop.create_task(self.set_value(value))
 
-        async def set_value(self, value) -> None:
+        async def set_value(self, value: float) -> None:
             for i in linspace(self._value, value, 10):
                 self._value = i
-                await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+                await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
 
     class Service(pydase.DataService):
         def __init__(self) -> None:
@@ -104,7 +108,7 @@ def test_validate_set_timeout(caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
             return self._driver.value
 
         @value_1.setter
-        @validate_set(timeout=0.5)
+        @validate_set(timeout=0.01)
         def value_1(self, value: float) -> None:
             self._driver.value = value
 
@@ -113,7 +117,7 @@ def test_validate_set_timeout(caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
             return self._driver.value
 
         @value_2.setter
-        @validate_set(timeout=1)
+        @validate_set(timeout=0.11)
         def value_2(self, value: float) -> None:
             self._driver.value = value
 

tests/server/web_server/api/v1/test_endpoints.py

@@ -4,12 +4,13 @@ from collections.abc import Generator
 from typing import Any
 
 import aiohttp
-import pydase
 import pytest
+
+import pydase
 from pydase.utils.serialization.deserializer import Deserializer
 
 
-@pytest.fixture()
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
 def pydase_server() -> Generator[None, None, None]:
     class SubService(pydase.DataService):
         name = "SubService"
@@ -52,6 +53,9 @@ def pydase_server() -> Generator[None, None, None]:
 
     yield
 
+    server.handle_exit()
+    thread.join()
+
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "access_path, expected",
@@ -107,7 +111,7 @@ def pydase_server() -> Generator[None, None, None]:
         ),
     ],
 )
-@pytest.mark.asyncio()
+@pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="module")
 async def test_get_value(
     access_path: str,
     expected: dict[str, Any],
@@ -179,12 +183,13 @@ async def test_get_value(
         ),
     ],
 )
-@pytest.mark.asyncio()
+@pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="module")
 async def test_update_value(
     access_path: str,
     new_value: dict[str, Any],
     ok: bool,
     pydase_server: pydase.DataService,
+    caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
 ) -> None:
     async with aiohttp.ClientSession("http://localhost:9998") as session:
         resp = await session.put(
@@ -218,7 +223,7 @@ async def test_update_value(
         ),
     ],
 )
-@pytest.mark.asyncio()
+@pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="module")
 async def test_trigger_method(
     access_path: str,
     expected: Any,
@@ -250,3 +255,43 @@ async def test_trigger_method(
         if resp.ok:
             content = Deserializer.deserialize(json.loads(await resp.text()))
             assert content == expected
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "headers, log_id",
+    [
+        ({}, "id=None"),
+        (
+            {
+                "X-Client-Id": "client-header",
+            },
+            "id=client-header",
+        ),
+        (
+            {
+                "Remote-User": "Remote User",
+            },
+            "user=Remote User",
+        ),
+        (
+            {
+                "X-Client-Id": "client-header",
+                "Remote-User": "Remote User",
+            },
+            "user=Remote User",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+@pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="module")
+async def test_client_information_logging(
+    headers: dict[str, str],
+    log_id: str,
+    pydase_server: pydase.DataService,
+    caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+) -> None:
+    async with aiohttp.ClientSession("http://localhost:9998") as session:
+        await session.get(
+            "/api/v1/get_value?access_path=readonly_attr", headers=headers
+        )
+
+    assert log_id in caplog.text

tests/server/web_server/test_sio_setup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+import threading
+from collections.abc import Generator
+from typing import Any
+
+import pytest
+import socketio
+
+import pydase
+from pydase.utils.serialization.deserializer import Deserializer
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def pydase_server() -> Generator[None, None, None]:
+    class SubService(pydase.DataService):
+        name = "SubService"
+
+    subservice_instance = SubService()
+
+    class MyService(pydase.DataService):
+        def __init__(self) -> None:
+            super().__init__()
+            self._readonly_attr = "MyService"
+            self._my_property = 12.1
+            self.sub_service = SubService()
+            self.list_attr = [1, 2]
+            self.dict_attr = {
+                "foo": subservice_instance,
+                "dotted.key": subservice_instance,
+            }
+
+        @property
+        def my_property(self) -> float:
+            return self._my_property
+
+        @my_property.setter
+        def my_property(self, value: float) -> None:
+            self._my_property = value
+
+        @property
+        def readonly_attr(self) -> str:
+            return self._readonly_attr
+
+        def my_method(self, input_str: str) -> str:
+            return f"{input_str}: my_method"
+
+        async def my_async_method(self, input_str: str) -> str:
+            return f"{input_str}: my_async_method"
+
+    server = pydase.Server(MyService(), web_port=9997)
+    thread = threading.Thread(target=server.run, daemon=True)
+    thread.start()
+
+    yield
+
+    server.handle_exit()
+    thread.join()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "access_path, expected",
+    [
+        (
+            "readonly_attr",
+            {
+                "full_access_path": "readonly_attr",
+                "doc": None,
+                "readonly": False,
+                "type": "str",
+                "value": "MyService",
+            },
+        ),
+        (
+            "sub_service.name",
+            {
+                "full_access_path": "sub_service.name",
+                "doc": None,
+                "readonly": False,
+                "type": "str",
+                "value": "SubService",
+            },
+        ),
+        (
+            "list_attr[0]",
+            {
+                "full_access_path": "list_attr[0]",
+                "doc": None,
+                "readonly": False,
+                "type": "int",
+                "value": 1,
+            },
+        ),
+        (
+            'dict_attr["foo"]',
+            {
+                "full_access_path": 'dict_attr["foo"]',
+                "doc": None,
+                "name": "SubService",
+                "readonly": False,
+                "type": "DataService",
+                "value": {
+                    "name": {
+                        "doc": None,
+                        "full_access_path": 'dict_attr["foo"].name',
+                        "readonly": False,
+                        "type": "str",
+                        "value": "SubService",
+                    }
+                },
+            },
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+@pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="module")
+async def test_get_value(
+    access_path: str,
+    expected: dict[str, Any],
+    pydase_server: None,
+) -> None:
+    client = socketio.AsyncClient()
+    await client.connect(
+        "http://localhost:9997", socketio_path="/ws/socket.io", transports=["websocket"]
+    )
+    response = await client.call("get_value", access_path)
+    assert response == expected
+    await client.disconnect()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "access_path, new_value, ok",
+    [
+        (
+            "sub_service.name",
+            {
+                "full_access_path": "sub_service.name",
+                "doc": None,
+                "readonly": False,
+                "type": "str",
+                "value": "New Name",
+            },
+            True,
+        ),
+        (
+            "list_attr[0]",
+            {
+                "full_access_path": "list_attr[0]",
+                "doc": None,
+                "readonly": False,
+                "type": "int",
+                "value": 11,
+            },
+            True,
+        ),
+        (
+            'dict_attr["foo"].name',
+            {
+                "full_access_path": 'dict_attr["foo"].name',
+                "doc": None,
+                "readonly": False,
+                "type": "str",
+                "value": "foo name",
+            },
+            True,
+        ),
+        (
+            "readonly_attr",
+            {
+                "full_access_path": "readonly_attr",
+                "doc": None,
+                "readonly": True,
+                "type": "str",
+                "value": "Other Name",
+            },
+            False,
+        ),
+        (
+            "invalid_attribute",
+            {
+                "full_access_path": "invalid_attribute",
+                "doc": None,
+                "readonly": False,
+                "type": "float",
+                "value": 12.0,
+            },
+            False,
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+@pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="module")
+async def test_update_value(
+    access_path: str,
+    new_value: dict[str, Any],
+    ok: bool,
+    pydase_server: None,
+    caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+) -> None:
+    client = socketio.AsyncClient()
+    await client.connect(
+        "http://localhost:9997", socketio_path="/ws/socket.io", transports=["websocket"]
+    )
+    response = await client.call(
+        "update_value",
+        {"access_path": access_path, "value": new_value},
+    )
+
+    if ok:
+        assert response is None
+    else:
+        assert response["type"] == "Exception"
+
+    await client.disconnect()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "access_path, expected, ok",
+    [
+        (
+            "my_method",
+            "Hello from function: my_method",
+            True,
+        ),
+        (
+            "my_async_method",
+            "Hello from function: my_async_method",
+            True,
+        ),
+        (
+            "invalid_method",
+            None,
+            False,
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+@pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="module")
+async def test_trigger_method(
+    access_path: str,
+    expected: Any,
+    ok: bool,
+    pydase_server: pydase.DataService,
+) -> None:
+    client = socketio.AsyncClient()
+    await client.connect(
+        "http://localhost:9997", socketio_path="/ws/socket.io", transports=["websocket"]
+    )
+    response = await client.call(
+        "trigger_method",
+        {
+            "access_path": access_path,
+            "kwargs": {
+                "full_access_path": "",
+                "type": "dict",
+                "value": {
+                    "input_str": {
+                        "docs": None,
+                        "full_access_path": "",
+                        "readonly": False,
+                        "type": "str",
+                        "value": "Hello from function",
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        },
+    )
+
+    if ok:
+        content = Deserializer.deserialize(response)
+        assert content == expected
+    else:
+        assert response["type"] == "Exception"
+
+    await client.disconnect()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "headers, log_id",
+    [
+        ({}, "sid="),
+        (
+            {
+                "X-Client-Id": "client-header",
+            },
+            "id=client-header",
+        ),
+        (
+            {
+                "Remote-User": "Remote User",
+            },
+            "user=Remote User",
+        ),
+        (
+            {
+                "X-Client-Id": "client-header",
+                "Remote-User": "Remote User",
+            },
+            "user=Remote User",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+@pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="module")
+async def test_client_information_logging(
+    headers: dict[str, str],
+    log_id: str,
+    pydase_server: pydase.DataService,
+    caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+) -> None:
+    client = socketio.AsyncClient()
+    await client.connect(
+        "http://localhost:9997",
+        socketio_path="/ws/socket.io",
+        transports=["websocket"],
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+    await client.call("get_value", "readonly_attr")
+
+    assert log_id in caplog.text
+
+    await client.disconnect()

tests/task/test_task.py

@@ -1,19 +1,20 @@
 import asyncio
 import logging
 
-import pydase
 import pytest
+from pytest import LogCaptureFixture
+
+import pydase
 from pydase.data_service.data_service_observer import DataServiceObserver
 from pydase.data_service.state_manager import StateManager
 from pydase.task.autostart import autostart_service_tasks
 from pydase.task.decorator import task
 from pydase.task.task_status import TaskStatus
-from pytest import LogCaptureFixture
 
 logger = logging.getLogger("pydase")
 
 
-@pytest.mark.asyncio(scope="function")
+@pytest.mark.asyncio()
 async def test_start_and_stop_task(caplog: LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
     class MyService(pydase.DataService):
         @task()
@@ -28,11 +29,11 @@ async def test_start_and_stop_task(caplog: LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
     DataServiceObserver(state_manager)
 
     autostart_service_tasks(service_instance)
-    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
     assert service_instance.my_task.status == TaskStatus.NOT_RUNNING
 
     service_instance.my_task.start()
-    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
     assert service_instance.my_task.status == TaskStatus.RUNNING
 
     assert "'my_task.status' changed to 'TaskStatus.RUNNING'" in caplog.text
@@ -40,12 +41,12 @@ async def test_start_and_stop_task(caplog: LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
     caplog.clear()
 
     service_instance.my_task.stop()
-    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
     assert service_instance.my_task.status == TaskStatus.NOT_RUNNING
     assert "Task 'my_task' was cancelled" in caplog.text
 
 
-@pytest.mark.asyncio(scope="function")
+@pytest.mark.asyncio()
 async def test_autostart_task(caplog: LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
     class MyService(pydase.DataService):
         @task(autostart=True)
@@ -61,13 +62,16 @@ async def test_autostart_task(caplog: LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
 
     autostart_service_tasks(service_instance)
 
-    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
     assert service_instance.my_task.status == TaskStatus.RUNNING
 
     assert "'my_task.status' changed to 'TaskStatus.RUNNING'" in caplog.text
 
+    service_instance.my_task.stop()
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
 
-@pytest.mark.asyncio(scope="function")
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio()
 async def test_nested_list_autostart_task(
     caplog: LogCaptureFixture,
 ) -> None:
@@ -86,7 +90,7 @@ async def test_nested_list_autostart_task(
     DataServiceObserver(state_manager)
     autostart_service_tasks(service_instance)
 
-    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
     assert service_instance.sub_services_list[0].my_task.status == TaskStatus.RUNNING
     assert service_instance.sub_services_list[1].my_task.status == TaskStatus.RUNNING
 
@@ -99,8 +103,12 @@ async def test_nested_list_autostart_task(
         in caplog.text
     )
 
+    service_instance.sub_services_list[0].my_task.stop()
+    service_instance.sub_services_list[1].my_task.stop()
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
 
-@pytest.mark.asyncio(scope="function")
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio()
 async def test_nested_dict_autostart_task(
     caplog: LogCaptureFixture,
 ) -> None:
@@ -120,7 +128,7 @@ async def test_nested_dict_autostart_task(
 
     autostart_service_tasks(service_instance)
 
-    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
 
     assert (
         service_instance.sub_services_dict["first"].my_task.status == TaskStatus.RUNNING
@@ -139,8 +147,12 @@ async def test_nested_dict_autostart_task(
         in caplog.text
     )
 
+    service_instance.sub_services_dict["first"].my_task.stop()
+    service_instance.sub_services_dict["second"].my_task.stop()
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
 
-@pytest.mark.asyncio(scope="function")
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio()
 async def test_manual_start_with_multiple_service_instances(
     caplog: LogCaptureFixture,
 ) -> None:
@@ -161,7 +173,7 @@ async def test_manual_start_with_multiple_service_instances(
 
     autostart_service_tasks(service_instance)
 
-    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
 
     assert (
         service_instance.sub_services_list[0].my_task.status == TaskStatus.NOT_RUNNING
@@ -289,3 +301,180 @@ async def test_manual_start_with_multiple_service_instances(
     await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
 
     assert "Task 'my_task' was cancelled" in caplog.text
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio()
+async def test_restart_on_exception(caplog: LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
+    class MyService(pydase.DataService):
+        @task(restart_on_exception=True, restart_sec=0.1)
+        async def my_task(self) -> None:
+            logger.info("Triggered task.")
+            raise Exception("Task failure")
+
+    service_instance = MyService()
+    state_manager = StateManager(service_instance)
+    DataServiceObserver(state_manager)
+    service_instance.my_task.start()
+
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
+    assert "Task 'my_task' encountered an exception" in caplog.text
+    caplog.clear()
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+    assert service_instance.my_task.status == TaskStatus.RUNNING
+    assert "Task 'my_task' encountered an exception" in caplog.text
+    assert "Triggered task." in caplog.text
+
+    service_instance.my_task.stop()
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio()
+async def test_restart_sec(caplog: LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
+    class MyService(pydase.DataService):
+        @task(restart_on_exception=True, restart_sec=0.1)
+        async def my_task(self) -> None:
+            logger.info("Triggered task.")
+            raise Exception("Task failure")
+
+    service_instance = MyService()
+    state_manager = StateManager(service_instance)
+    DataServiceObserver(state_manager)
+    service_instance.my_task.start()
+
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.001)
+    assert "Triggered task." in caplog.text
+    caplog.clear()
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.05)
+    assert "Triggered task." not in caplog.text
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.05)
+    assert "Triggered task." in caplog.text  # Ensures the task restarted after 0.2s
+
+    service_instance.my_task.stop()
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio()
+async def test_exceeding_start_limit_interval_sec_and_burst(
+    caplog: LogCaptureFixture,
+) -> None:
+    class MyService(pydase.DataService):
+        @task(
+            restart_on_exception=True,
+            restart_sec=0.0,
+            start_limit_interval_sec=1.0,
+            start_limit_burst=2,
+        )
+        async def my_task(self) -> None:
+            raise Exception("Task failure")
+
+    service_instance = MyService()
+    state_manager = StateManager(service_instance)
+    DataServiceObserver(state_manager)
+    service_instance.my_task.start()
+
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+    assert "Task 'my_task' exceeded restart burst limit" in caplog.text
+    assert service_instance.my_task.status == TaskStatus.NOT_RUNNING
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio()
+async def test_non_exceeding_start_limit_interval_sec_and_burst(
+    caplog: LogCaptureFixture,
+) -> None:
+    class MyService(pydase.DataService):
+        @task(
+            restart_on_exception=True,
+            restart_sec=0.1,
+            start_limit_interval_sec=0.1,
+            start_limit_burst=2,
+        )
+        async def my_task(self) -> None:
+            raise Exception("Task failure")
+
+    service_instance = MyService()
+    state_manager = StateManager(service_instance)
+    DataServiceObserver(state_manager)
+    service_instance.my_task.start()
+
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
+    assert "Task 'my_task' exceeded restart burst limit" not in caplog.text
+    assert service_instance.my_task.status == TaskStatus.RUNNING
+
+    service_instance.my_task.stop()
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio()
+async def test_exit_on_failure(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch, caplog: LogCaptureFixture
+) -> None:
+    class MyService(pydase.DataService):
+        @task(restart_on_exception=False, exit_on_failure=True)
+        async def my_task(self) -> None:
+            logger.info("Triggered task.")
+            raise Exception("Critical failure")
+
+    def mock_os_kill(pid: int, signal: int) -> None:
+        logger.critical("os.kill called with signal=%s and pid=%s", signal, pid)
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr("os.kill", mock_os_kill)
+
+    service_instance = MyService()
+    state_manager = StateManager(service_instance)
+    DataServiceObserver(state_manager)
+    service_instance.my_task.start()
+
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+    assert "os.kill called with signal=" in caplog.text
+    assert "Task 'my_task' encountered an exception" in caplog.text
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio()
+async def test_exit_on_failure_exceeding_rate_limit(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch, caplog: LogCaptureFixture
+) -> None:
+    class MyService(pydase.DataService):
+        @task(
+            restart_on_exception=True,
+            restart_sec=0.0,
+            start_limit_interval_sec=0.1,
+            start_limit_burst=2,
+            exit_on_failure=True,
+        )
+        async def my_task(self) -> None:
+            raise Exception("Critical failure")
+
+    def mock_os_kill(pid: int, signal: int) -> None:
+        logger.critical("os.kill called with signal=%s and pid=%s", signal, pid)
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr("os.kill", mock_os_kill)
+
+    service_instance = MyService()
+    state_manager = StateManager(service_instance)
+    DataServiceObserver(state_manager)
+    service_instance.my_task.start()
+
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
+    assert "os.kill called with signal=" in caplog.text
+    assert "Task 'my_task' encountered an exception" in caplog.text
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio()
+async def test_gracefully_finishing_task(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch, caplog: LogCaptureFixture
+) -> None:
+    class MyService(pydase.DataService):
+        @task()
+        async def my_task(self) -> None:
+            print("Hello")
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+
+    service_instance = MyService()
+    state_manager = StateManager(service_instance)
+    DataServiceObserver(state_manager)
+    service_instance.my_task.start()
+
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.05)
+    assert service_instance.my_task.status == TaskStatus.RUNNING
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+    assert service_instance.my_task.status == TaskStatus.NOT_RUNNING

tests/test_version.py

@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ import toml
 
 def test_project_version() -> None:
     pyproject = toml.load("pyproject.toml")
-    pydase_pyroject_version = pyproject["tool"]["poetry"]["version"]
+    pydase_pyroject_version = pyproject["project"]["version"]
     assert pydase.version.__version__ == pydase_pyroject_version

tests/utils/serialization/test_serializer.py

@@ -3,15 +3,15 @@ from datetime import datetime
 from enum import Enum
 from typing import Any, ClassVar
 
+import pytest
+
 import pydase
 import pydase.units as u
-import pytest
 from pydase.components.coloured_enum import ColouredEnum
 from pydase.task.task_status import TaskStatus
 from pydase.utils.decorators import frontend
 from pydase.utils.serialization.serializer import (
     SerializationPathError,
-    SerializedObject,
     add_prefix_to_full_access_path,
     dump,
     generate_serialized_data_paths,
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ from pydase.utils.serialization.serializer import (
     serialized_dict_is_nested_object,
     set_nested_value_by_path,
 )
+from pydase.utils.serialization.types import SerializedObject
 
 
 class MyEnum(enum.Enum):
@@ -207,7 +208,7 @@ def test_ColouredEnum_serialize() -> None:
     }
 
 
-@pytest.mark.asyncio(scope="module")
+@pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="module")
 async def test_method_serialization() -> None:
     class ClassWithMethod(pydase.DataService):
         def some_method(self) -> str:
@@ -252,7 +253,7 @@ def test_methods_with_type_hints() -> None:
     def method_with_type_hint(some_argument: int) -> None:
         pass
 
-    def method_with_union_type_hint(some_argument: int | float) -> None:
+    def method_with_union_type_hint(some_argument: int | float) -> None:  # noqa: PYI041
         pass
 
     assert dump(method_without_type_hint) == {

tests/utils/test_logging.py

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import logging
 
-from pytest import LogCaptureFixture
+import pytest
+from pydase.utils.logging import configure_logging_with_pydase_formatter
 
 
-def test_log_error(caplog: LogCaptureFixture):
+def test_log_error(caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
     logger = logging.getLogger("pydase")
     logger.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
 
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ def test_log_error(caplog: LogCaptureFixture):
     assert any(record.levelname == "ERROR" for record in caplog.records)
 
 
-def test_log_warning(caplog: LogCaptureFixture):
+def test_log_warning(caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
     logger = logging.getLogger("pydase")
     logger.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
 
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ def test_log_warning(caplog: LogCaptureFixture):
     assert any(record.levelname == "ERROR" for record in caplog.records)
 
 
-def test_log_debug(caplog: LogCaptureFixture):
+def test_log_debug(caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
     logger = logging.getLogger("pydase")
     logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
 
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ def test_log_debug(caplog: LogCaptureFixture):
     assert "This is an error message" in caplog.text
 
 
-def test_log_info(caplog: LogCaptureFixture):
+def test_log_info(caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
     logger = logging.getLogger("pydase")
     logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
 
@@ -67,3 +68,21 @@ def test_log_info(caplog: LogCaptureFixture):
     assert "This is an info message" in caplog.text
     assert "This is a warning message" in caplog.text
     assert "This is an error message" in caplog.text
+
+
+def test_before_configuring_root_logger(caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
+    logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+    logger.info("Hello world")
+
+    assert "Hello world" not in caplog.text
+
+
+def test_configure_root_logger(caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture) -> None:
+    configure_logging_with_pydase_formatter()
+    logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+    logger.info("Hello world")
+
+    assert (
+        "INFO     tests.utils.test_logging:test_logging.py:83 Hello world"
+        in caplog.text
+    )