mirror of
https://https.git.savannah.gnu.org/git/bash.git
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commit bash-20110311 snapshot
This commit is contained in:
Chet Ramey
+148
-144
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ the Bash shell (version 4.2, 28 December 2010).
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This is Edition 4.2, last updated 28 December 2010, of `The GNU Bash
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Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.2.
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Copyright (C) 1988-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Copyright (C) 1988-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
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manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
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@@ -887,7 +887,7 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: Conditional Constructs, Next: Command Grouping, Pre
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without regard to the case of alphabetic characters. The return
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value is 0 if the string matches (`==') or does not match
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(`!=')the pattern, and 1 otherwise. Any part of the pattern may
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be quoted to force it to be matched as a string.
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be quoted to force the quoted portion to be matched as a string.
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An additional binary operator, `=~', is available, with the same
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precedence as `==' and `!='. When it is used, the string to the
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@@ -899,13 +899,13 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: Conditional Constructs, Next: Command Grouping, Pre
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(see the description of `shopt' in *note The Shopt Builtin::) is
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enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of
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alphabetic characters. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to
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force it to be matched as a string. Substrings matched by
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parenthesized subexpressions within the regular expression are
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saved in the array variable `BASH_REMATCH'. The element of
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`BASH_REMATCH' with index 0 is the portion of the string matching
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the entire regular expression. The element of `BASH_REMATCH' with
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index N is the portion of the string matching the Nth
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parenthesized subexpression.
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force the quoted portion to be matched as a string. Substrings
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matched by parenthesized subexpressions within the regular
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expression are saved in the array variable `BASH_REMATCH'. The
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element of `BASH_REMATCH' with index 0 is the portion of the string
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matching the entire regular expression. The element of
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`BASH_REMATCH' with index N is the portion of the string matching
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the Nth parenthesized subexpression.
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Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed
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in decreasing order of precedence:
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@@ -2068,8 +2068,9 @@ indented in a natural fashion.
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A variant of here documents, the format is:
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<<< WORD
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The WORD is expanded and supplied to the command on its standard
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input.
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The WORD is expanded as described above, with the exception that
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pathname expansion is not applied, and supplied as a single string to
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the command on its standard input.
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3.6.8 Duplicating File Descriptors
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----------------------------------
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@@ -2689,20 +2690,22 @@ standard.
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current directory or an invalid option is supplied.
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`readonly'
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readonly [-aApf] [NAME[=VALUE]] ...
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readonly [-aAf] [-p] [NAME[=VALUE]] ...
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Mark each NAME as readonly. The values of these names may not be
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changed by subsequent assignment. If the `-f' option is supplied,
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each NAME refers to a shell function. The `-a' option means each
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NAME refers to an indexed array variable; the `-A' option means
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each NAME refers to an associative array variable. If no NAME
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arguments are given, or if the `-p' option is supplied, a list of
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all readonly names is printed. The `-p' option causes output to
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be displayed in a format that may be reused as input. If a
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variable name is followed by =VALUE, the value of the variable is
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set to VALUE. The return status is zero unless an invalid option
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is supplied, one of the NAME arguments is not a valid shell
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variable or function name, or the `-f' option is supplied with a
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name that is not a shell function.
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each NAME refers to an associative array variable. If both
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options are supplied, `-A' takes precedence. If no NAME arguments
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are given, or if the `-p' option is supplied, a list of all
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readonly names is printed. The other options may be used to
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restrict the output to a subset of the set of readonly names. The
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`-p' option causes output to be displayed in a format that may be
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reused as input. If a variable name is followed by =VALUE, the
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value of the variable is set to VALUE. The return status is zero
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unless an invalid option is supplied, one of the NAME arguments is
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not a valid shell variable or function name, or the `-f' option is
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supplied with a name that is not a shell function.
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`return'
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return [N]
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@@ -3044,8 +3047,8 @@ POSIX standard.
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are displayed as well. `-F' implies `-f'.
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The `-g' option forces variables to be created or modified at the
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global scope, even when \fBdeclare\fP is executed in a shell
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function. It is ignored in all other cases.
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global scope, even when `declare' is executed in a shell function.
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It is ignored in all other cases.
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The following options can be used to restrict output to variables
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with the specified attributes or to give variables attributes:
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@@ -4011,7 +4014,7 @@ This builtin allows you to change additional shell optional behavior.
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`globstar'
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If set, the pattern `**' used in a filename expansion context
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will match a files and zero or more directories and
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will match all files and zero or more directories and
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subdirectories. If the pattern is followed by a `/', only
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directories and subdirectories match.
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@@ -5524,7 +5527,7 @@ Any variable may be used as an indexed array; the `declare' builtin
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will explicitly declare an array. There is no maximum limit on the
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size of an array, nor any requirement that members be indexed or
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assigned contiguously. Indexed arrays are referenced using integers
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(including arithmetic expressions (*note Shell Arithmetic::) and are
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(including arithmetic expressions (*note Shell Arithmetic::)) and are
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zero-based; associative arrays use arbitrary strings.
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An indexed array is created automatically if any variable is
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@@ -5592,11 +5595,12 @@ array. A subscript of `*' or `@' also removes the entire array.
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The `declare', `local', and `readonly' builtins each accept a `-a'
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option to specify an indexed array and a `-A' option to specify an
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associative array. The `read' builtin accepts a `-a' option to assign
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a list of words read from the standard input to an array, and can read
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values from the standard input into individual array elements. The
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`set' and `declare' builtins display array values in a way that allows
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them to be reused as input.
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associative array. If both options are supplied, `-A' takes precedence.
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The `read' builtin accepts a `-a' option to assign a list of words read
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from the standard input to an array, and can read values from the
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standard input into individual array elements. The `set' and `declare'
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builtins display array values in a way that allows them to be reused as
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input.
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File: bashref.info, Node: The Directory Stack, Next: Printing a Prompt, Prev: Arrays, Up: Bash Features
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@@ -9884,7 +9888,7 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
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* :: Bourne Shell Builtins.
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(line 11)
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* [: Bourne Shell Builtins.
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(line 217)
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(line 219)
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* alias: Bash Builtins. (line 11)
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* bg: Job Control Builtins.
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(line 7)
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@@ -9950,28 +9954,28 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
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* readonly: Bourne Shell Builtins.
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(line 176)
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* return: Bourne Shell Builtins.
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(line 192)
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(line 194)
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* set: The Set Builtin. (line 11)
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* shift: Bourne Shell Builtins.
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(line 205)
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(line 207)
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* shopt: The Shopt Builtin. (line 9)
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* source: Bash Builtins. (line 535)
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* suspend: Job Control Builtins.
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(line 94)
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* test: Bourne Shell Builtins.
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(line 217)
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(line 219)
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* times: Bourne Shell Builtins.
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(line 290)
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(line 292)
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* trap: Bourne Shell Builtins.
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(line 295)
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(line 297)
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* type: Bash Builtins. (line 539)
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* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 570)
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* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 576)
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* umask: Bourne Shell Builtins.
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(line 341)
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(line 343)
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* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 665)
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* unset: Bourne Shell Builtins.
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(line 358)
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(line 360)
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* wait: Job Control Builtins.
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(line 73)
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@@ -10496,111 +10500,111 @@ Node: Lists23743
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Node: Compound Commands25472
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Node: Looping Constructs26276
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Node: Conditional Constructs28735
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Node: Command Grouping36848
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Node: Coprocesses38327
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Node: GNU Parallel39992
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Node: Shell Functions42460
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Node: Shell Parameters47404
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Node: Positional Parameters49820
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Node: Special Parameters50720
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Node: Shell Expansions53684
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Node: Brace Expansion55609
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Node: Tilde Expansion58364
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Node: Shell Parameter Expansion60715
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Node: Command Substitution69850
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Node: Arithmetic Expansion71183
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Node: Process Substitution72033
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Node: Word Splitting73083
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Node: Filename Expansion74706
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Node: Pattern Matching76845
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Node: Quote Removal80484
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Node: Redirections80779
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Node: Executing Commands89304
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Node: Simple Command Expansion89974
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Node: Command Search and Execution91904
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Node: Command Execution Environment94241
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Node: Environment97227
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Node: Exit Status98887
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Node: Signals100508
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Node: Shell Scripts102476
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Node: Shell Builtin Commands104994
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Node: Bourne Shell Builtins107022
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Node: Bash Builtins124952
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Node: Modifying Shell Behavior151166
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Node: The Set Builtin151511
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Node: The Shopt Builtin161045
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Node: Special Builtins173217
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Node: Shell Variables174196
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Node: Bourne Shell Variables174636
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Node: Bash Variables176663
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Node: Bash Features201572
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Node: Invoking Bash202455
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Node: Bash Startup Files208219
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Node: Interactive Shells213240
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Node: What is an Interactive Shell?213650
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Node: Is this Shell Interactive?214299
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Node: Interactive Shell Behavior215114
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Node: Bash Conditional Expressions218394
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Node: Shell Arithmetic222183
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Node: Aliases224942
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Node: Arrays227514
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Node: The Directory Stack231629
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Node: Directory Stack Builtins232343
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Node: Printing a Prompt235235
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Node: The Restricted Shell237987
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Node: Bash POSIX Mode239819
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Node: Job Control248480
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Node: Job Control Basics248940
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Node: Job Control Builtins253657
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Node: Job Control Variables258021
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Node: Command Line Editing259179
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Node: Introduction and Notation260746
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Node: Readline Interaction262368
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Node: Readline Bare Essentials263559
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Node: Readline Movement Commands265348
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Node: Readline Killing Commands266313
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Node: Readline Arguments268233
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Node: Searching269277
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Node: Readline Init File271463
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Node: Readline Init File Syntax272610
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Node: Conditional Init Constructs287952
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Node: Sample Init File290485
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Node: Bindable Readline Commands293602
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Node: Commands For Moving294809
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Node: Commands For History295953
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Node: Commands For Text299388
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Node: Commands For Killing302061
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Node: Numeric Arguments304518
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Node: Commands For Completion305657
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Node: Keyboard Macros309849
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Node: Miscellaneous Commands310420
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Node: Readline vi Mode316226
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Node: Programmable Completion317133
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Node: Programmable Completion Builtins324343
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Node: Using History Interactively333479
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Node: Bash History Facilities334163
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Node: Bash History Builtins337077
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Node: History Interaction340934
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Node: Event Designators343639
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Node: Word Designators344861
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Node: Modifiers346500
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Node: Installing Bash347904
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Node: Basic Installation349041
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Node: Compilers and Options351733
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Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures352474
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Node: Installation Names354138
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Node: Specifying the System Type354956
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Node: Sharing Defaults355672
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Node: Operation Controls356345
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Node: Optional Features357303
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Node: Reporting Bugs366871
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Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell368072
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Node: GNU Free Documentation License384759
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Node: Indexes409955
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Node: Builtin Index410409
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Node: Reserved Word Index417236
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Node: Variable Index419684
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Node: Function Index432779
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Node: Concept Index439788
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Node: Command Grouping36880
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Node: Coprocesses38359
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Node: GNU Parallel40024
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Node: Shell Functions42492
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Node: Shell Parameters47436
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Node: Positional Parameters49852
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Node: Special Parameters50752
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Node: Shell Expansions53716
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Node: Brace Expansion55641
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Node: Tilde Expansion58396
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Node: Shell Parameter Expansion60747
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Node: Command Substitution69882
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Node: Arithmetic Expansion71215
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Node: Process Substitution72065
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Node: Word Splitting73115
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Node: Filename Expansion74738
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Node: Pattern Matching76877
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Node: Quote Removal80516
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Node: Redirections80811
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Node: Executing Commands89434
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Node: Simple Command Expansion90104
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Node: Command Search and Execution92034
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Node: Command Execution Environment94371
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Node: Environment97357
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Node: Exit Status99017
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Node: Signals100638
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Node: Shell Scripts102606
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Node: Shell Builtin Commands105124
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Node: Bourne Shell Builtins107152
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Node: Bash Builtins125246
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Node: Modifying Shell Behavior151455
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Node: The Set Builtin151800
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Node: The Shopt Builtin161334
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Node: Special Builtins173508
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Node: Shell Variables174487
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Node: Bourne Shell Variables174927
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Node: Bash Variables176954
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Node: Bash Features201863
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Node: Invoking Bash202746
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Node: Bash Startup Files208510
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Node: Interactive Shells213531
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Node: What is an Interactive Shell?213941
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Node: Is this Shell Interactive?214590
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Node: Interactive Shell Behavior215405
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Node: Bash Conditional Expressions218685
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Node: Shell Arithmetic222474
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Node: Aliases225233
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Node: Arrays227805
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Node: The Directory Stack231974
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Node: Directory Stack Builtins232688
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Node: Printing a Prompt235580
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Node: The Restricted Shell238332
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Node: Bash POSIX Mode240164
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Node: Job Control248825
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Node: Job Control Basics249285
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Node: Job Control Builtins254002
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Node: Job Control Variables258366
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Node: Command Line Editing259524
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Node: Introduction and Notation261091
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Node: Readline Interaction262713
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Node: Readline Bare Essentials263904
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Node: Readline Movement Commands265693
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Node: Readline Killing Commands266658
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Node: Readline Arguments268578
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Node: Searching269622
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Node: Readline Init File271808
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Node: Readline Init File Syntax272955
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Node: Conditional Init Constructs288297
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Node: Sample Init File290830
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Node: Bindable Readline Commands293947
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Node: Commands For Moving295154
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Node: Commands For History296298
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Node: Commands For Text299733
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Node: Commands For Killing302406
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Node: Numeric Arguments304863
|
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Node: Commands For Completion306002
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Node: Keyboard Macros310194
|
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Node: Miscellaneous Commands310765
|
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Node: Readline vi Mode316571
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||||
Node: Programmable Completion317478
|
||||
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins324688
|
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Node: Using History Interactively333824
|
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Node: Bash History Facilities334508
|
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Node: Bash History Builtins337422
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Node: History Interaction341279
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Node: Event Designators343984
|
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Node: Word Designators345206
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Node: Modifiers346845
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Node: Installing Bash348249
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Node: Basic Installation349386
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Node: Compilers and Options352078
|
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Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures352819
|
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Node: Installation Names354483
|
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Node: Specifying the System Type355301
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Node: Sharing Defaults356017
|
||||
Node: Operation Controls356690
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||||
Node: Optional Features357648
|
||||
Node: Reporting Bugs367216
|
||||
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell368417
|
||||
Node: GNU Free Documentation License385104
|
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Node: Indexes410300
|
||||
Node: Builtin Index410754
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Node: Reserved Word Index417581
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Node: Variable Index420029
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Node: Function Index433124
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Node: Concept Index440133
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End Tag Table
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user