bash-5.0 distribution sources and documentation

examples/loadables/Makefile.in

@@ -100,10 +100,10 @@ INC = -I. -I.. -I$(topdir) -I$(topdir)/lib -I$(topdir)/builtins -I${srcdir} \
 	$(SHOBJ_CC) $(SHOBJ_CFLAGS) $(CCFLAGS) $(INC) -c -o $@ $<
 
 
-ALLPROG = print truefalse sleep finfo logname basename dirname \
+ALLPROG = print truefalse sleep finfo logname basename dirname fdflags \
 	  tty pathchk tee head mkdir rmdir printenv id whoami \
-	  uname sync push ln unlink realpath strftime mypid setpgid
-OTHERPROG = necho hello cat pushd
+	  uname sync push ln unlink realpath strftime mypid setpgid seq
+OTHERPROG = necho hello cat pushd stat rm
 
 all:	$(SHOBJ_STATUS)
 
@@ -142,6 +142,15 @@ finfo:	finfo.o
 cat:	cat.o
 	$(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ cat.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
 
+rm:	rm.o
+	$(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ rm.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+fdflags:	fdflags.o
+	$(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ fdflags.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+seq:	seq.o
+	$(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ seq.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
 logname:	logname.o
 	$(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ logname.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
 
@@ -202,10 +211,12 @@ strftime:	strftime.o
 mypid:	mypid.o
 	$(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ mypid.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
 
-
 setpgid:	setpgid.o
 	$(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ setpgid.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
 
+stat:	stat.o
+	$(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ stat.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
 # pushd is a special case.  We use the same source that the builtin version
 # uses, with special compilation options.
 #
@@ -236,6 +247,7 @@ installdirs:
 
 install-dev:	installdirs
 	@$(INSTALL_DATA) Makefile.inc $(DESTDIR)$(loadablesdir)/Makefile.inc
+	@$(INSTALL_DATA) $(srcdir)/loadables.h $(DESTDIR)$(loadablesdir)/loadables.h
 	@( cd $(BUILD_DIR) && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} DESTDIR="$(DESTDIR)" install-headers)
 
 install-supported:	all installdirs install-dev
@@ -246,7 +258,7 @@ install-supported:	all installdirs install-dev
 	done
 
 uninstall-dev:
-	-$(RM) $(DESTDIR)$(loadablesdir)/Makefile.inc
+	-$(RM) $(DESTDIR)$(loadablesdir)/Makefile.inc $(DESTDIR)$(loadablesdir)/loadables.h
 	-( cd $(BUILD_DIR) && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} DESTDIR="$(DESTDIR)" uninstall-headers)
 
 uninstall-supported:	uninstall-dev
@@ -283,3 +295,6 @@ mkdir.o: mkdir.c
 realpath.o: realpath.c
 strftime.o: strftime.c
 setpgid.o: setpgid.c
+stat.o: stat.c
+fdflags.o: fdflags.c
+seq.o: seq.c

examples/loadables/README

@@ -32,28 +32,39 @@ the canonical example.  There is no real `builtin writers' programming
 guide'.  The file template.c provides a template to use for creating
 new loadable builtins.
 
+The file "Makefile.inc" is created using the same values that configure
+writes into Makefile.in, and is installed in the same directory as the
+rest of the example builtins. It's intended to be a start at something
+that can be modified or included to help you build your own loadables
+without having to search for the right CFLAGS and LDFLAGS.
+
 basename.c	Return non-directory portion of pathname.
 cat.c		cat(1) replacement with no options - the way cat was intended.
 dirname.c	Return directory portion of pathname.
+fdflags.c	Change the flag associated with one of bash's open file desriptors.
 finfo.c		Print file info.
 head.c		Copy first part of files.
 hello.c		Obligatory "Hello World" / sample loadable.
 id.c		POSIX.2 user identity.
 ln.c		Make links.
-loadables.h	Start at a file loadable builtins can include for shell definitions
+loadables.h	File loadable builtins can include for shell definitions.
 logname.c	Print login name of current user.
 Makefile.in	Simple makefile for the sample loadable builtins.
+Makefile.inc.in	Sample makefile to use for loadable builtin development.
 mkdir.c		Make directories.
-mypid.c		Add $MYPID variable, demonstrate use of unload hook function
+mypid.c		Add $MYPID variable, demonstrate use of unload hook functio.n
 necho.c		echo without options or argument interpretation.
 pathchk.c	Check pathnames for validity and portability.
 print.c		Loadable ksh-93 style print builtin.
 printenv.c	Minimal builtin clone of BSD printenv(1).
 push.c		Anyone remember TOPS-20?
-README		README
 realpath.c	Canonicalize pathnames, resolving symlinks.
+rm.c		Remove files and directories.
 rmdir.c		Remove directory.
+seq.c		Print a sequence of decimal or floating point numbers.
+setpgid.c	Set a process's pgrp; example of how to wrap a system call.
 sleep.c		sleep for fractions of a second.
+stat.c		populate an associative array with information about a file
 strftime.c	Loadable builtin interface to strftime(3).
 sync.c		Sync the disks by forcing pending filesystem writes to complete.
 tee.c		Duplicate standard input.

examples/loadables/basename.c

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "builtins.h"
 #include "shell.h"
 #include "common.h"
+#include "bashgetopt.h"
 
 int
 basename_builtin (list)
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ basename_builtin (list)
 
   if (no_options (list))
     return (EX_USAGE);
+  list = loptend;
 
   string = list->word->word;
   suffix = (char *)NULL;

examples/loadables/cat.c

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ int	fd;
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int
 cat_main (argc, argv)
 int	argc;
 char	**argv;
@@ -88,6 +89,7 @@ char	**argv;
 	return (r);
 }
 
+int
 cat_builtin(list)
 WORD_LIST *list;
 {

examples/loadables/dirname.c

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "builtins.h"
 #include "shell.h"
 #include "common.h"
+#include "bashgetopt.h"
 
 int
 dirname_builtin (list)
@@ -38,15 +39,16 @@ dirname_builtin (list)
   int slen;
   char *string;
 
+  if (no_options (list))
+    return (EX_USAGE);
+  list = loptend;
+
   if (list == 0 || list->next)
     {
       builtin_usage ();
       return (EX_USAGE);
     }
 
-  if (no_options (list))
-    return (EX_USAGE);
-
   string = list->word->word;
   slen = strlen (string);
 

examples/loadables/fdflags.c

@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+/* Loadable builtin to get and set file descriptor flags. */
+
+/* See Makefile for compilation details. */
+
+/*
+   Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This file is part of GNU Bash.
+   Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with Bash.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+#  include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "loadables.h"
+
+static const struct
+{
+  const char *name;
+  int value;
+} file_flags[] =
+{
+#ifdef O_APPEND
+  { "append",	O_APPEND 	},
+#endif
+#ifdef O_ASYNC
+  { "async",	O_ASYNC		},
+#endif
+#ifdef O_SYNC
+  { "sync",	O_SYNC		},
+#endif
+#ifdef O_NONBLOCK
+  { "nonblock",	O_NONBLOCK	},
+#endif
+#ifdef O_FSYNC
+  { "fsync",	O_FSYNC		},
+#endif
+#ifdef O_DSYNC
+  { "dsync",	O_DSYNC		},
+#endif
+#ifdef O_RSYNC
+  { "rsync",	O_RSYNC		},
+#endif
+#ifdef O_ALT_IO
+  { "altio",	O_ALT_IO	},
+#endif
+#ifdef O_DIRECT
+  { "direct",	O_DIRECT	},
+#endif
+#ifdef O_NOATIME
+  { "noatime",	O_NOATIME	},
+#endif
+#ifdef O_NOSIGPIPE
+  { "nosigpipe",	O_NOSIGPIPE	},
+#endif
+#ifdef O_CLOEXEC
+  { "cloexec",	O_CLOEXEC	},
+#endif
+};
+
+#define N_FLAGS		(sizeof (file_flags) / sizeof (file_flags[0]))
+
+#ifndef errno
+extern int errno;
+#endif
+
+/* FIX THIS */
+static int
+getallflags ()
+{
+  int i, allflags;
+  
+  for (i = allflags = 0; i < N_FLAGS; i++)
+    allflags |= file_flags[i].value;
+  return allflags;
+}
+
+static int
+getflags(int fd, int p)
+{
+  int c, f;
+  int allflags;
+
+  if ((c = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD)) == -1)
+    {
+      if (p)
+	builtin_error("can't get status for fd %d: %s", fd, strerror(errno));
+      return -1;
+    }
+    
+  if ((f = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL)) == -1)
+    {
+      if (p)
+	builtin_error("Can't get flags for fd %d: %s", fd, strerror(errno));
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+  if (c)
+    f |= O_CLOEXEC;
+
+  return f & getallflags();
+}
+
+static void
+printone(int fd, int p, int verbose)
+{
+  int f;
+  size_t i;
+
+  if ((f = getflags(fd, p)) == -1)
+    return;
+
+  printf ("%d:", fd);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < N_FLAGS; i++)
+    {
+      if (f & file_flags[i].value)
+	{
+	  printf ("%s%s", verbose ? "+" : "", file_flags[i].name);
+	  f &= ~file_flags[i].value;
+	}
+      else if (verbose)
+	printf ( "-%s", file_flags[i].name);
+      else
+	continue;
+
+      if (f || (verbose && i != N_FLAGS - 1))
+	putchar (',');
+    }
+  printf ("\n");
+}
+
+static int
+parseflags(char *s, int *p, int *n)
+{
+  int f, *v;
+  size_t i;
+
+  f = 0;
+  *p = *n = 0;
+
+  for (s = strtok(s, ","); s; s = strtok(NULL, ","))
+    {
+      switch (*s)
+        {
+	case '+':
+	  v = p;
+	  s++;
+	  break;
+	case '-':
+	  v = n;
+	  s++;
+	  break;
+	default:
+	  v = &f;
+	  break;
+	}
+			
+      for (i = 0; i < N_FLAGS; i++)
+	if (strcmp(s, file_flags[i].name) == 0)
+	  {
+	    *v |= file_flags[i].value;
+	    break;
+	  }
+      if (i == N_FLAGS)
+	builtin_error("invalid flag `%s'", s);
+    }
+
+  return f;
+}
+
+static void
+setone(int fd, char *v, int verbose)
+{
+  int f, n, pos, neg, cloexec;
+
+  f = getflags(fd, 1);
+  if (f == -1)
+    return;
+
+  parseflags(v, &pos, &neg);
+
+  cloexec = -1;
+  if ((pos & O_CLOEXEC) && (f & O_CLOEXEC) == 0)
+    cloexec = FD_CLOEXEC;
+  if ((neg & O_CLOEXEC) && (f & O_CLOEXEC))
+    cloexec = 0;
+  if (cloexec != -1 && fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, cloexec) == -1)
+    builtin_error("can't set status for fd %d: %s", fd, strerror(errno));
+
+  pos &= ~O_CLOEXEC;
+  neg &= ~O_CLOEXEC;
+  f &= ~O_CLOEXEC;
+
+  n = f;
+  n |= pos;
+  n &= ~neg;
+
+  if (n != f && fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, n) == -1)
+    builtin_error("can't set flags for fd %d: %s", fd, strerror(errno));
+}
+
+static int
+getmaxfd ()
+{
+  int maxfd, ignore;
+
+#ifdef F_MAXFD
+  maxfd = fcntl (0, F_MAXFD);
+  if (maxfd > 0)
+    return maxfd;
+#endif
+
+  maxfd = getdtablesize ();
+  if (maxfd <= 0)
+    maxfd = HIGH_FD_MAX;
+  for (maxfd--; maxfd > 0; maxfd--)
+    if (fcntl (maxfd, F_GETFD, &ignore) != -1)
+      break;
+
+  return maxfd;
+}
+
+int
+fdflags_builtin (WORD_LIST *list)
+{
+  int opt, maxfd, i, num, verbose, setflag;
+  char *setspec;
+  WORD_LIST *l;
+  intmax_t inum;
+
+  setflag = verbose = 0;
+  reset_internal_getopt ();
+  while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "s:v")) != -1)
+    {
+      switch (opt)
+	{
+	case 's':
+	  setflag = 1;
+	  setspec = list_optarg;
+	  break;
+	case 'v':
+	  verbose = 1;
+	  break;
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
+	default:
+	  builtin_usage ();
+	  return (EX_USAGE);
+	}
+	
+    }
+  list = loptend;
+
+  /* Maybe we could provide some default here, but we don't yet. */
+  if (list == 0 && setflag)
+    return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+
+  if (list == 0)
+    {
+      maxfd = getmaxfd ();
+      if (maxfd < 0)
+	{
+	  builtin_error ("can't get max fd: %s", strerror (errno));
+	  return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+	}
+      for (i = 0; i < maxfd; i++)
+	printone (i, 0, verbose);
+      return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+  opt = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+  for (l = list; l; l = l->next)
+    {
+      if (legal_number (l->word->word, &inum) == 0 || inum < 0)
+	{
+	  builtin_error ("%s: invalid file descriptor", l->word->word);
+	  opt = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+	  continue;
+	}
+      num = inum;		/* truncate to int */
+      if (setflag)
+	setone (num, setspec, verbose);
+      else
+	printone (num, 1, verbose);
+    }
+
+  return (opt);
+}
+
+char *fdflags_doc[] =
+{
+  "Display and modify file descriptor flags.",
+  "",
+  "Display or, if the -s option is supplied, set flags for each file",
+  "descriptor supplied as an argument.  If the -v option is supplied,",
+  "the display is verbose, including each settable option name in the",
+  "form of a string such as that accepted by the -s option.",
+  "",
+  "The -s option accepts a string with a list of flag names, each preceded",
+  "by a `+' (set) or `-' (unset).  Those changes are applied to each file",
+  "descriptor supplied as an argument.",
+  "",
+  "If no file descriptor arguments are supplied, the displayed information",
+  "consists of the status of flags for each of the shell's open files.",
+  (char *)NULL
+};
+
+/* The standard structure describing a builtin command.  bash keeps an array
+   of these structures.  The flags must include BUILTIN_ENABLED so the
+   builtin can be used. */
+struct builtin fdflags_struct = {
+	"fdflags",		/* builtin name */
+	fdflags_builtin,		/* function implementing the builtin */
+	BUILTIN_ENABLED,	/* initial flags for builtin */
+	fdflags_doc,		/* array of long documentation strings. */
+	"fdflags [-v] [-s flags_string] [fd ...]",	/* usage synopsis; becomes short_doc */
+	0			/* reserved for internal use */
+};

examples/loadables/finfo.c

@@ -336,9 +336,9 @@ int	flags;
 	} else if (flags & OPT_DEV)
 		printf("%d\n", st->st_dev);
 	else if (flags & OPT_INO)
-		printf("%d\n", st->st_ino);
+		printf("%lu\n", (unsigned long)st->st_ino);
 	else if (flags & OPT_FID)
-		printf("%d:%ld\n", st->st_dev, st->st_ino);
+		printf("%d:%lu\n", st->st_dev, (unsigned long)st->st_ino);
 	else if (flags & OPT_NLINK)
 		printf("%d\n", st->st_nlink);
 	else if (flags & OPT_LNKNAM) {

examples/loadables/head.c

@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ head_builtin (list)
 	      return (EX_USAGE);
 	    }
 	  break;
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
 	default:
 	  builtin_usage ();
 	  return (EX_USAGE);

examples/loadables/id.c

@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ id_builtin (list)
 	case 'n': id_flags |= ID_USENAME; break;
 	case 'r': id_flags |= ID_USEREAL; break;
 	case 'u': id_flags |= ID_USERONLY; break;
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
 	default:
 	  builtin_usage ();
 	  return (EX_USAGE);

examples/loadables/ln.c

@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ ln_builtin (list)
 	case 'n':
 	  flags |= LN_NOFOLLOW;
 	  break;
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
 	default:
 	  builtin_usage ();
 	  return (EX_USAGE);

examples/loadables/mkdir.c

@@ -52,12 +52,12 @@ int
 mkdir_builtin (list)
      WORD_LIST *list;
 {
-  int opt, pflag, omode, rval, nmode, parent_mode;
+  int opt, pflag, mflag, omode, rval, nmode, parent_mode;
   char *mode;
   WORD_LIST *l;
 
   reset_internal_getopt ();
-  pflag = 0;
+  pflag = mflag = 0;
   mode = (char *)NULL;
   while ((opt = internal_getopt(list, "m:p")) != -1)
     switch (opt)
@@ -66,8 +66,10 @@ mkdir_builtin (list)
 	  pflag = 1;
 	  break;
 	case 'm':
+	  mflag = 1;
 	  mode = list_optarg;
 	  break;
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
 	default:
 	  builtin_usage();
 	  return (EX_USAGE);
@@ -114,7 +116,7 @@ mkdir_builtin (list)
 
   for (rval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS, l = list; l; l = l->next)
     {
-      if (pflag && make_path (l->word->word, nmode, parent_mode))
+      if (pflag && make_path (l->word->word, mflag, nmode, parent_mode))
 	{
 	  rval = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
 	  continue;
@@ -132,8 +134,9 @@ mkdir_builtin (list)
    this changes the process's umask; make sure that all paths leading to a
    return reset it to ORIGINAL_UMASK */
 static int
-make_path (path, nmode, parent_mode)
+make_path (path, user_mode, nmode, parent_mode)
      char *path;
+     int user_mode;
      int nmode, parent_mode;
 {
   int oumask;
@@ -148,7 +151,7 @@ make_path (path, nmode, parent_mode)
 	  return 1;
 	}
 	
-      if (chmod (path, nmode))
+      if (user_mode && chmod (path, nmode))
         {
           builtin_error ("%s: %s", path, strerror (errno));
           return 1;
@@ -172,13 +175,20 @@ make_path (path, nmode, parent_mode)
       *p = '\0';
       if (stat (npath, &sb) != 0)
 	{
-	  if (mkdir (npath, parent_mode))
+	  if (mkdir (npath, 0))
 	    {
 	      builtin_error ("cannot create directory `%s': %s", npath, strerror (errno));
 	      umask (original_umask);
 	      free (npath);
 	      return 1;
 	    }
+	  if (chmod (npath, parent_mode) != 0)
+	    {
+	      builtin_error ("cannot chmod directory `%s': %s", npath, strerror (errno));
+	      umask (original_umask);
+	      free (npath);
+	      return 1;
+	    }
 	}
       else if (S_ISDIR (sb.st_mode) == 0)
         {

examples/loadables/necho.c

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ WORD_LIST *list;
 char *necho_doc[] = {
 	"Display arguments.",
 	"",
-	"Print the arguments to the standard ouput separated",
+	"Print the arguments to the standard output separated",
 	"by space characters and terminated with a newline.",
 	(char *)NULL
 };

examples/loadables/pathchk.c

@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ pathchk_builtin (list)
 	case 'p':
 	  pflag = 1;
 	  break;
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
 	default:
 	  builtin_usage ();
 	  return (EX_USAGE);
@@ -135,7 +136,7 @@ char *pathchk_doc[] = {
 	"Check pathnames for validity.",
 	"",
 	"Check each pathname argument for validity (i.e., it may be used to",
-	"create or access a file without casuing syntax errors) and portability",
+	"create or access a file without causing syntax errors) and portability",
 	"(i.e., no filename truncation will result).  If the `-p' option is",
 	"supplied, more extensive portability checks are performed.",
 	(char *)NULL

examples/loadables/print.c

@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ print_builtin (list)
 	case 'f':
 	  pfmt = list_optarg;
 	  break;
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
 	default:
 	  builtin_usage ();
 	  return (EX_USAGE);

examples/loadables/printenv.c

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ printenv_builtin (list)
     {
       switch (opt)
 	{
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
 	default:
 	  builtin_usage ();
 	  return (EX_USAGE);

examples/loadables/push.c

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ push_builtin (list)
     {
       switch (opt)
 	{
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
 	default:
 	  builtin_usage ();
 	  return (EX_USAGE);

examples/loadables/realpath.c

@@ -86,15 +86,19 @@ WORD_LIST	*list;
 		case 'v':
 			vflag = 1;
 			break;
+		CASE_HELPOPT;
 		default:
 			builtin_usage();
+			return (EX_USAGE);
 		}
 	}
 
 	list = loptend;
 
-	if (list == 0)
+	if (list == 0) {
 		builtin_usage();
+		return (EX_USAGE);
+	}
 
 	for (es = EXECUTION_SUCCESS; list; list = list->next) {
 		p = list->word->word;

examples/loadables/rm.c

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+/* rm - remove files and directories with -r */
+
+/* See Makefile for compilation details. */
+
+/*
+   Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This file is part of GNU Bash.
+   Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with Bash.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "common.h"
+#include "bashgetopt.h"
+
+#if !defined (errno)
+extern int errno;
+#endif
+
+static int rm_file(const char *fname);
+
+static int force, recursive;
+
+static int
+_remove_directory(const char *dirname)
+{
+  DIR *dir;
+  struct dirent *dp;
+  size_t dirlen;
+  int err;
+
+  dirlen = strlen (dirname);
+  err = 0;
+
+  if ((dir = opendir(dirname)))
+    {
+      while ((dp = readdir(dir)))
+	{	
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+	  char fname[dirlen + 1 + strlen (dp->d_name) + 1];
+#else
+	  char *fname;
+	  int fnsize;
+#endif
+	  
+          if (*dp->d_name == '.' && (dp->d_name[1] == 0 || (dp->d_name[1] == '.' && dp->d_name[2] == 0)))
+            continue;
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+	  snprintf(fname, sizeof (fname), "%s/%s", dirname, dp->d_name);
+#else
+	  fnsize = dirlen + 1 + strlen (dp->d_name) + 1;
+          fname = xmalloc (fnsize);
+	  snprintf(fname, fnsize, "%s/%s", dirname, dp->d_name);
+#endif
+
+           if (rm_file (fname) && force == 0)
+             err = 1;
+#ifndef __GNUC__
+           free (fname);
+#endif
+        }
+
+      closedir(dir);
+		
+      if (err == 0 && rmdir (dirname) && force == 0)
+        err = 1;
+    }
+  else if (force == 0)
+    err = 1;
+
+  if (err)
+    builtin_error ("%s: %s", dirname, strerror (errno));
+
+  return err;
+}
+
+static int
+rm_file(const char *fname)
+{
+  if (unlink (fname) == 0)
+    return 0;
+
+  /* If FNAME is a directory glibc returns EISDIR but correct POSIX value
+     would be EPERM.  If we get that error and FNAME is a directory and -r
+     was supplied, recursively remove the directory and its contents */
+  if ((errno == EISDIR || errno == EPERM) && recursive && file_isdir (fname))
+    return _remove_directory(fname);
+  else if (force)
+    return 0;
+
+  builtin_error ("%s: %s", fname, strerror (errno));
+  return 1;
+}
+
+int
+rm_builtin (list)
+     WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+  const char *name;
+  WORD_LIST *l;
+  int rval, opt;
+
+  recursive = force = 0;
+  rval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+
+  reset_internal_getopt ();
+  while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "Rrfi")) != -1)
+    {
+      switch (opt)
+	{
+	case 'R':
+	case 'r':
+	  recursive = 1;
+	  break;
+	case 'f':
+	  force = 1;
+	  break;
+	case 'i':
+	  return (EX_DISKFALLBACK);
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
+	default:
+	  builtin_usage ();
+	  return (EX_USAGE);
+	}
+    }
+  list = loptend;
+
+  if (list == 0)
+    {
+      builtin_usage ();
+      return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+    }
+
+  for (l = list; l; l = l->next)
+    {
+      if (rm_file(l->word->word) && force == 0)
+	rval = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+    }
+
+  return rval;
+}
+
+char *rm_doc[] = {
+	"Remove files.",
+	"",
+	"rm removes the files specified as arguments.",
+	(char *)NULL
+};
+
+/* The standard structure describing a builtin command.  bash keeps an array
+   of these structures. */
+struct builtin rm_struct = {
+	"rm",			/* builtin name */
+	rm_builtin,		/* function implementing the builtin */
+	BUILTIN_ENABLED,	/* initial flags for builtin */
+	rm_doc,			/* array of long documentation strings. */
+	"rm [-rf] file ...",	/* usage synopsis; becomes short_doc */
+	0			/* reserved for internal use */
+};

examples/loadables/seq.c

@@ -0,0 +1,490 @@
+/* seq - print sequence of numbers to standard output.
+   Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+/* Written as bash builtin by Chet Ramey. Portions from seq.c by Ulrich Drepper. */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
+#  include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include "loadables.h"
+#include "bashintl.h"
+
+#ifndef errno
+extern int errno;
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_LONG_DOUBLE) && HAVE_DECL_STRTOLD && !defined(STRTOLD_BROKEN)
+typedef long double floatmax_t;
+#  define FLOATMAX_CONV "L"
+#  define strtofltmax   strtold
+#  define FLOATMAX_FMT "%Lg"
+#  define FLOATMAX_WFMT "%0.Lf"
+#  define USE_LONG_DOUBLE
+#else
+typedef double floatmax_t;
+#  define FLOATMAX_CONV ""
+#  define strtofltmax   strtod
+#  define FLOATMAX_FMT "%g"
+#  define FLOATMAX_WFMT "%0.f"
+#endif
+static floatmax_t getfloatmax __P((const char *));
+static char *genformat __P((floatmax_t, floatmax_t, floatmax_t));
+
+#define MAX(a, b) (((a) < (b))? (b) : (a))
+
+static int conversion_error = 0;
+
+/* If true print all number with equal width.  */
+static int equal_width;
+
+/* The string used to separate two numbers.  */
+static char const *separator;
+
+/* The string output after all numbers have been output. */
+static char const terminator[] = "\n";
+
+static char decimal_point;
+
+/* Pretty much the same as the version in builtins/printf.def */
+static floatmax_t
+getfloatmax (arg)
+     const char *arg;
+{
+  floatmax_t ret;
+  char *ep;
+
+  errno = 0;
+  ret = strtofltmax (arg, &ep);
+
+  if (*ep)
+    {
+      sh_invalidnum ((char *)arg);
+      conversion_error = 1;
+    }
+  else if (errno == ERANGE)
+    {
+      builtin_error ("warning: %s: %s", arg, strerror(ERANGE));
+      conversion_error = 1;
+    }
+
+  if (ret == -0.0)
+    ret = 0.0;
+
+  return (ret);
+}
+
+/* If FORMAT is a valid printf format for a double argument, return
+   its long double equivalent, allocated from dynamic storage. This
+   was written by Ulrich Drepper, taken from coreutils:seq.c */
+static char *
+long_double_format (char const *fmt)
+{
+  size_t i;
+  size_t length_modifier_offset;
+  int has_L;
+
+  for (i = 0; ! (fmt[i] == '%' && fmt[i + 1] != '%'); i += (fmt[i] == '%') + 1)
+    {
+      if (!fmt[i])
+	{
+	  builtin_error ("format %s has no %% directive", fmt);
+	  return 0;
+	}
+    }
+
+  i++;
+  i += strspn (fmt + i, "-+#0 '");	/* zero or more flags */
+  i += strspn (fmt + i, "0123456789");	/* optional minimum field width */
+  if (fmt[i] == '.')			/* optional precision */
+    {
+      i++;
+      i += strspn (fmt + i, "0123456789");
+    }
+
+  length_modifier_offset = i;		/* optional length modifier */
+  /* we could ignore an 'l' length modifier here */
+  has_L = (fmt[i] == 'L');
+  i += has_L;
+  switch (fmt[i])
+    {
+    case '\0':
+      builtin_error ("format %s ends in %%", fmt);
+      return 0;
+    case 'A':
+    case 'a':
+    case 'e':
+    case 'E':
+    case 'f':
+    case 'F':
+    case 'g':
+    case 'G':
+      break;
+    default:
+      builtin_error ("format %s has unknown `%%%c' directive", fmt, fmt[i]);
+      return 0;
+    }
+  for (i++; ; i += (fmt[i] == '%') + 1)
+    if (fmt[i] == '%' && fmt[i + 1] != '%')
+      {
+        builtin_error ("format %s has too many %% directives", fmt);
+        return 0;
+      }
+    else if (fmt[i] == 0)
+      {
+        size_t format_size = i + 1;
+        char *ldfmt = xmalloc (format_size + 1);
+        memcpy (ldfmt, fmt, length_modifier_offset);
+#ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
+        ldfmt[length_modifier_offset] = 'L';
+        strcpy (ldfmt + length_modifier_offset + 1,
+                fmt + length_modifier_offset + has_L);
+#else
+        strcpy (ldfmt + length_modifier_offset, fmt + length_modifier_offset);
+#endif
+        return ldfmt;
+      }
+}
+
+/* Return the number of digits following the decimal point in NUMBUF */
+static int
+getprec (numbuf)
+     const char *numbuf;
+{
+  int p;
+  char *dp;
+
+  if (dp = strchr (numbuf, decimal_point))
+    dp++;		/* skip over decimal point */
+  for (p = 0; dp && *dp && ISDIGIT (*dp); dp++)
+    p++;
+  return p;
+}
+
+/* Return the default format given FIRST, INCR, and LAST.  */
+static char *
+genformat (first, incr, last)
+       floatmax_t first, incr, last;
+{
+  static char buf[6 + 2 * INT_STRLEN_BOUND (int)];
+  int wfirst, wlast, width;
+  int iprec, fprec, lprec, prec;
+
+  if (equal_width == 0)
+    return (FLOATMAX_FMT);
+
+  /* OK, we have to figure out the largest number of decimal places. This is
+     a little more expensive than using the original strings. */
+  snprintf (buf, sizeof (buf), FLOATMAX_FMT, incr);
+  iprec = getprec (buf);
+
+  wfirst = snprintf (buf, sizeof (buf), FLOATMAX_FMT, first);
+  fprec = getprec (buf);
+    
+  prec = MAX (fprec, iprec);
+
+  wlast = snprintf (buf, sizeof (buf), FLOATMAX_FMT, last);
+  lprec = getprec (buf);
+
+  /* increase first width by any increased precision in increment */
+  wfirst += (prec - fprec);
+
+  /* adjust last width to use precision from first/incr */
+  wlast += (prec - lprec);
+
+  if (lprec && prec == 0)
+    wlast--;		/* no decimal point */
+  if (lprec == 0 && prec)
+    wlast++;		/* include decimal point */
+  if (fprec == 0 && prec)
+    wfirst++;		/* include decimal point */
+
+  width = MAX (wfirst, wlast);
+  if (width)
+    sprintf (buf, "%%0%d.%d%sf", width, prec, FLOATMAX_CONV);
+  else
+    sprintf (buf, "%%.%d%sf", prec, FLOATMAX_CONV);
+
+  return buf;
+}
+
+int
+print_fltseq (fmt, first, last, incr)
+     const char *fmt;
+     floatmax_t first, last, incr;
+{
+  int n;
+  floatmax_t next;
+  const char *s;
+
+  n = 0;		/* interation counter */
+  s = "";
+  for (next = first; incr >= 0 ? (next <= last) : (next >= last); next = first + n * incr)
+    {
+      QUIT;
+      if (*s && fputs (s, stdout) == EOF)
+	return (sh_chkwrite (EXECUTION_FAILURE));
+      if (printf (fmt, next) < 0)
+	return (sh_chkwrite (EXECUTION_FAILURE));
+      s = separator;
+      n++;
+    }
+
+  if (n > 0 && fputs (terminator, stdout) == EOF)
+    return (sh_chkwrite (EXECUTION_FAILURE));
+  return (sh_chkwrite (EXECUTION_SUCCESS));
+}
+
+/* must be <= INT_STRLEN_BOUND(intmax_t) */
+int
+width_needed (num)
+     intmax_t num;
+{
+  int ret;
+
+  ret = num < 0;		/* sign */
+  if (ret)
+    num = -num;
+  do
+    ret++;
+  while (num /= 10);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+int
+print_intseq (ifirst, ilast, iincr)
+     intmax_t ifirst, ilast, iincr;
+{
+  char intwfmt[6 + INT_STRLEN_BOUND(int) + sizeof (PRIdMAX)];
+  const char *s;
+  intmax_t i, next;
+
+  /* compute integer format string */
+  if (equal_width)	/* -w supplied */
+    {
+      int wfirst, wlast, width;
+
+      wfirst = width_needed (ifirst);
+      wlast = width_needed (ilast);
+      width = MAX(wfirst, wlast);
+
+      /* The leading %s is for the separator */
+      snprintf (intwfmt, sizeof (intwfmt), "%%s%%0%u" PRIdMAX, width);
+    }
+
+  /* We could use braces.c:mkseq here but that allocates lots of memory */
+  s = "";
+  for (i = ifirst; (ifirst <= ilast) ? (i <= ilast) : (i >= ilast); i = next)
+    {
+      QUIT;
+      /* The leading %s is for the separator */
+      if (printf (equal_width ?  intwfmt : "%s%" PRIdMAX, s, i) < 0)
+	return (sh_chkwrite (EXECUTION_FAILURE));
+      s = separator;
+      next = i + iincr;
+    }
+
+  if (fputs (terminator, stdout) == EOF)
+    return (sh_chkwrite (EXECUTION_FAILURE));
+  return (sh_chkwrite (EXECUTION_SUCCESS));
+}
+
+int
+seq_builtin (list)
+     WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+  floatmax_t first, last, incr;
+  intmax_t ifirst, ilast, iincr;
+  WORD_LIST *l;
+  int opt, nargs, intseq, freefmt;
+  char *first_str, *incr_str, *last_str;
+  char const *fmtstr;		/* The printf(3) format used for output.  */
+
+  equal_width = 0;
+  separator = "\n";
+  fmtstr = NULL;
+
+  first = 1.0;
+  last = 0.0;
+  incr = 0.0;		/* set later */
+  ifirst = ilast = iincr = 0;
+  first_str = incr_str = last_str = 0;
+
+  intseq = freefmt = 0;
+  opt = 0;
+
+  reset_internal_getopt ();
+  while (opt != -1)
+    {
+      l = lcurrent ? lcurrent : list;
+      if (l && l->word && l->word->word && l->word->word[0] == '-' &&
+	   (l->word->word[1] == '.' || DIGIT (l->word->word[1])))
+	{
+	  loptend = l;
+	  break;	/* negative number */
+	}
+      if ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "f:s:w")) == -1)
+        break;
+
+      switch (opt)
+	{
+	case 'f':
+	  fmtstr = list_optarg;
+	  break;
+	case 's':
+	  separator = list_optarg;
+	  break;
+	case 'w':
+	  equal_width = 1;
+	  break;
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
+	default:
+	  builtin_usage ();
+	  return (EX_USAGE);
+	}
+    }
+  list = loptend;
+
+  if (list == 0)
+    {
+      builtin_usage ();
+      return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+    }
+
+  for (nargs = 1, l = list; l->next; l = l->next)
+    nargs++;
+  if (nargs > 3)
+    {
+      builtin_usage ();
+      return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+    }
+
+  /* LAST */
+  conversion_error = 0;
+  last = getfloatmax (last_str = l->word->word);
+  if (conversion_error)
+    return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+
+  /* FIRST LAST */
+  if (nargs > 1)
+    {
+      conversion_error = 0;
+      first = getfloatmax (first_str = list->word->word);
+      if (conversion_error)
+	return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+    }
+
+  /* FIRST INCR LAST */
+  if (nargs > 2)
+    {
+      conversion_error = 0;
+      incr = getfloatmax (incr_str = list->next->word->word);
+      if (conversion_error)
+	return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+      if (incr == 0.0)
+	{
+	  builtin_error ("zero %screment", (first < last) ?  "in" : "de");
+	  return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+	}
+    }
+
+  /* Sanitize arguments */
+  if (incr == 0.0)
+    incr = (first <= last) ?  1.0 : -1.0;
+  if ((incr < 0.0 && first < last) || (incr > 0 && first > last))
+    {
+      builtin_error ("incorrect %screment", (first < last) ?  "in" : "de");
+      return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+    }
+
+  /* validate format here */
+  if (fmtstr)
+    {
+      fmtstr = long_double_format (fmtstr);
+      freefmt = 1;
+      if (fmtstr == 0)
+	return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+    }
+      
+  if (fmtstr != NULL && equal_width)
+    {
+      builtin_warning ("-w ignored when the format string is specified");
+      equal_width = 0;
+    }
+
+  /* Placeholder for later additional conditions */
+  if (last_str && all_digits (last_str) &&
+      (first_str == 0 || all_digits (first_str)) &&
+      (incr_str == 0 || all_digits (incr_str)) &&
+      fmtstr == NULL)
+    intseq = 1;
+
+  if (intseq)
+    {
+      ifirst = (intmax_t)first; /* truncation */
+      ilast = (intmax_t)last;
+      iincr = (intmax_t)incr;
+
+      return (print_intseq (ifirst, ilast, iincr));
+    }
+
+  decimal_point = locale_decpoint ();
+  if (fmtstr == NULL)
+    fmtstr = genformat (first, incr, last);
+
+  print_fltseq (fmtstr, first, last, incr);
+
+  if (freefmt)
+    free ((void *)fmtstr);
+  return sh_chkwrite (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+/* Taken largely from GNU seq. */
+char *seq_doc[] = {
+	"Print numbers from FIRST to LAST, in steps of INCREMENT.",
+	"",
+	"-f FORMAT    use printf style floating-point FORMAT",
+	"-s STRING    use STRING to separate numbers (default: \\n)",
+	"-w           equalize width by padding with leading zeroes",
+	"",
+	"If FIRST or INCREMENT is omitted, it defaults to 1.  However, an",
+	"omitted INCREMENT defaults to -1 when LAST is smaller than FIRST.",
+	"The sequence of numbers ends when the sum of the current number and",
+	"INCREMENT would become greater than LAST.",
+	"FIRST, INCREMENT, and LAST are interpreted as floating point values.",
+	"",
+	"FORMAT must be suitable for printing one argument of type 'double';",
+	"it defaults to %.PRECf if FIRST, INCREMENT, and LAST are all fixed point",
+	"decimal numbers with maximum precision PREC, and to %g otherwise.",
+	(char *)NULL
+};	
+
+struct builtin seq_struct = {
+	"seq",
+	seq_builtin,
+	BUILTIN_ENABLED,
+	seq_doc,
+	"seq [-f format] [-s separator] [-w] [FIRST [INCR]] LAST",
+	0
+};

examples/loadables/sleep.c

@@ -48,13 +48,6 @@
 #include "builtins.h"
 #include "common.h"
 
-#define RETURN(x) \
-	do { \
-		if (sp) *sp = sec; \
-		if (usp) *usp = usec; \
-		return (x); \
-	} while (0)
-
 int
 sleep_builtin (list)
 WORD_LIST	*list;

examples/loadables/stat.c

@@ -0,0 +1,430 @@
+/* stat - load up an associative array with stat information about a file */
+
+/* See Makefile for compilation details. */
+
+/*
+   Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This file is part of GNU Bash.
+   Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with Bash.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+#  include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include "posixstat.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <pwd.h>
+#include <grp.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include "posixtime.h"
+
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "common.h"
+#include "bashgetopt.h"
+
+#ifndef errno
+extern int	errno;
+#endif
+
+#define ST_NAME		0
+#define ST_DEV		1
+#define ST_INO		2
+#define ST_MODE		3
+#define ST_NLINK	4
+#define ST_UID		5
+#define ST_GID		6
+#define ST_RDEV		7
+#define ST_SIZE		8
+#define ST_ATIME	9
+#define ST_MTIME	10
+#define ST_CTIME	11
+#define ST_BLKSIZE	12
+#define ST_BLOCKS	13
+#define ST_CHASELINK	14
+#define ST_PERMS	15
+
+#define ST_END		16
+
+static char *arraysubs[] =
+  {
+    "name", "device", "inode", "type", "nlink", "uid", "gid", "rdev",
+    "size", "atime", "mtime", "ctime", "blksize", "blocks", "link", "perms",
+    0
+  };
+
+static int
+getstat (fname, flags, sp)
+     const char *fname;
+     int flags;
+     struct stat *sp;
+{
+  intmax_t lfd;
+  int fd, r;
+
+  if (strncmp (fname, "/dev/fd/", 8) == 0)
+    {
+      if ((legal_number(fname + 8, &lfd) == 0) || (int)lfd != lfd)
+	{
+	  errno = EINVAL;
+	  return -1;
+	}
+      fd = lfd;
+      r = fstat(fd, sp);
+    }
+#ifdef HAVE_LSTAT
+  else if (flags & 1)
+    r = lstat(fname, sp);
+#endif
+  else
+    r = stat(fname, sp);
+
+  return r;
+}
+
+static char *
+statlink (fname, sp)
+     char *fname;
+     struct stat *sp;
+{
+#if defined (HAVE_READLINK)
+  char linkbuf[PATH_MAX];
+  int n;
+
+  if (fname && S_ISLNK (sp->st_mode) && (n = readlink (fname, linkbuf, PATH_MAX)) > 0)
+    {
+      linkbuf[n] = '\0';
+      return (savestring (linkbuf));
+    }
+  else
+#endif
+    return (savestring (fname));
+}
+
+static char *
+octalperms (m)
+     int m;
+{
+  int operms;
+  char *ret;
+
+  operms = 0;
+
+  if (m & S_IRUSR)
+    operms |= 0400;
+  if (m & S_IWUSR)
+    operms |= 0200;
+  if (m & S_IXUSR)
+    operms |= 0100;
+
+  if (m & S_IRGRP)
+    operms |= 0040;
+  if (m & S_IWGRP)
+    operms |= 0020;
+  if (m & S_IXGRP)
+    operms |= 0010;
+
+  if (m & S_IROTH)
+    operms |= 0004;
+  if (m & S_IWOTH)
+    operms |= 0002;
+  if (m & S_IXOTH)
+    operms |= 0001;
+
+  if (m & S_ISUID)
+    operms |= 04000;
+  if (m & S_ISGID)
+    operms |= 02000;
+  if (m & S_ISVTX)
+    operms |= 01000;
+
+  ret = (char *)xmalloc (16);
+  snprintf (ret, 16, "%04o", operms);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+static char *
+statperms (m)
+     int m;
+{
+  char ubits[4], gbits[4], obits[4];	/* u=rwx,g=rwx,o=rwx */
+  int i;
+  char *ret;
+
+  i = 0;
+  if (m & S_IRUSR)
+    ubits[i++] = 'r';
+  if (m & S_IWUSR)
+    ubits[i++] = 'w';
+  if (m & S_IXUSR)
+    ubits[i++] = 'x';
+  ubits[i] = '\0';
+
+  i = 0;
+  if (m & S_IRGRP)
+    gbits[i++] = 'r';
+  if (m & S_IWGRP)
+    gbits[i++] = 'w';
+  if (m & S_IXGRP)
+    gbits[i++] = 'x';
+  gbits[i] = '\0';
+
+  i = 0;
+  if (m & S_IROTH)
+    obits[i++] = 'r';
+  if (m & S_IWOTH)
+    obits[i++] = 'w';
+  if (m & S_IXOTH)
+    obits[i++] = 'x';
+  obits[i] = '\0';
+
+  if (m & S_ISUID)
+    ubits[2] = (m & S_IXUSR) ? 's' : 'S';
+  if (m & S_ISGID)
+    gbits[2] = (m & S_IXGRP) ? 's' : 'S';
+  if (m & S_ISVTX)
+    obits[2] = (m & S_IXOTH) ? 't' : 'T';
+
+  ret = (char *)xmalloc (32);
+  snprintf (ret, 32, "u=%s,g=%s,o=%s", ubits, gbits, obits);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+static char *
+statmode(mode)
+     int mode;
+{
+  char *modestr, *m;
+
+  modestr = m = (char *)xmalloc (8);
+  if (S_ISBLK (mode))
+    *m++ = 'b';
+  if (S_ISCHR (mode))
+    *m++ = 'c';
+  if (S_ISDIR (mode))
+    *m++ = 'd';
+  if (S_ISREG(mode))
+    *m++ = '-';
+  if (S_ISFIFO(mode))
+    *m++ = 'p';
+  if (S_ISLNK(mode))
+    *m++ = 'l';
+  if (S_ISSOCK(mode))
+    *m++ = 's';
+
+#ifdef S_ISDOOR
+  if (S_ISDOOR (mode))
+    *m++ = 'D';
+#endif
+#ifdef S_ISWHT
+  if (S_ISWHT(mode))
+    *m++ = 'W';
+#endif
+#ifdef S_ISNWK
+  if (S_ISNWK(mode))
+    *m++ = 'n';
+#endif
+#ifdef S_ISMPC
+  if (S_ISMPC (mode))
+    *m++ = 'm';
+#endif
+
+  *m = '\0';
+  return (modestr);
+}
+
+static char *
+stattime (t)
+     time_t t;
+{
+  char *tbuf, *ret;
+  size_t tlen;
+
+  tbuf = ctime (&t);
+  tlen = strlen (tbuf);
+  ret = savestring (tbuf);
+  ret[tlen-1] = '\0';
+  return ret;
+}
+
+static char *
+statval (which, fname, flags, sp)
+     int which;
+     char *fname;
+     int flags;
+     struct stat *sp;
+{
+  int temp;
+
+  switch (which)
+    {
+    case ST_NAME:
+      return savestring (fname);
+    case ST_DEV:
+      return itos (sp->st_dev);
+    case ST_INO:
+      return itos (sp->st_ino);
+    case ST_MODE:
+      return (statmode (sp->st_mode));
+    case ST_NLINK:
+      return itos (sp->st_nlink);
+    case ST_UID:
+      return itos (sp->st_uid);
+    case ST_GID:
+      return itos (sp->st_gid);
+    case ST_RDEV:
+      return itos (sp->st_rdev);
+    case ST_SIZE:
+      return itos (sp->st_size);
+    case ST_ATIME:
+      return ((flags & 2) ? stattime (sp->st_atime) : itos (sp->st_atime));
+    case ST_MTIME:
+      return ((flags & 2) ? stattime (sp->st_mtime) : itos (sp->st_mtime));
+    case ST_CTIME:
+      return ((flags & 2) ? stattime (sp->st_ctime) : itos (sp->st_ctime));
+    case ST_BLKSIZE:
+      return itos (sp->st_blksize);
+    case ST_BLOCKS:
+      return itos (sp->st_blocks);
+    case ST_CHASELINK:
+      return (statlink (fname, sp));
+    case ST_PERMS:
+      temp = sp->st_mode & (S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO|S_ISUID|S_ISGID);
+      return (flags & 2) ? statperms (temp) : octalperms (temp);
+    default:
+      return savestring ("42");
+    }
+}
+
+static int
+loadstat (vname, var, fname, flags, sp)
+     char *vname;
+     SHELL_VAR *var;
+     char *fname;
+     int flags;
+     struct stat *sp;
+{
+  int i;
+  char *key, *value;
+  SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+  for (i = 0; arraysubs[i]; i++)
+    {
+      key = savestring (arraysubs[i]);
+      value = statval (i, fname, flags, sp);
+      v = bind_assoc_variable (var, vname, key, value, ASS_FORCE);
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int
+stat_builtin (list)
+     WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+  int opt, flags;
+  char *aname, *fname;
+  struct stat st;
+  SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+  aname = "STAT";
+  flags = 0;
+
+  reset_internal_getopt ();
+  while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "A:Ll")) != -1)
+    {
+      switch (opt)
+	{
+	case 'A':
+	  aname = list_optarg;
+	  break;
+	case 'L':
+	  flags |= 1;		/* operate on links rather than resolving them */
+	  break;
+	case 'l':
+	  flags |= 2;
+	  break;
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
+	default:
+	  builtin_usage ();
+	  return (EX_USAGE);
+	}
+    }
+
+  list = loptend;
+  if (list == 0)
+    {
+      builtin_usage ();
+      return (EX_USAGE);
+    }
+
+  fname = list->word->word;
+
+  if (getstat (fname, flags, &st) < 0)
+    {
+      builtin_error ("%s: cannot stat: %s", fname, strerror (errno));
+      return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+    }
+
+  unbind_variable (aname);
+  v = make_new_assoc_variable (aname);
+  if (v == 0)
+    {
+      builtin_error ("%s: cannot create variable", aname);
+      return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+    }
+  if (loadstat (aname, v, fname, flags, &st) < 0)
+    {
+      builtin_error ("%s: cannot assign file status information", aname);
+      unbind_variable (aname);
+      return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+    }
+
+  return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+/* An array of strings forming the `long' documentation for a builtin xxx,
+   which is printed by `help xxx'.  It must end with a NULL.  By convention,
+   the first line is a short description. */
+char *stat_doc[] = {
+	"Load an associative array with file status information.",
+	"",
+	"Take a filename and load the status information returned by a",
+	"stat(2) call on that file into the associative array specified",
+	"by the -A option.  The default array name is STAT.  If the -L",
+	"option is supplied, stat does not resolve symbolic links and",
+	"reports information about the link itself.  The -l option results",
+	"in longer-form listings for some of the fields. The exit status is 0",
+	"unless the stat fails or assigning the array is unsuccessful.",
+	(char *)NULL
+};
+
+/* The standard structure describing a builtin command.  bash keeps an array
+   of these structures.  The flags must include BUILTIN_ENABLED so the
+   builtin can be used. */
+struct builtin stat_struct = {
+	"stat",			/* builtin name */
+	stat_builtin,		/* function implementing the builtin */
+	BUILTIN_ENABLED,	/* initial flags for builtin */
+	stat_doc,		/* array of long documentation strings. */
+	"stat [-lL] [-A aname] file",	/* usage synopsis; becomes short_doc */
+	0			/* reserved for internal use */
+};

examples/loadables/tee.c

@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ tee_builtin (list)
 	case 'i':
 	  nointr = 1;
 	  break;
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
 	default:
 	  builtin_usage ();
 	  return (EX_USAGE);

examples/loadables/template.c

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ template_builtin (list)
     {
       switch (opt)
 	{
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
 	default:
 	  builtin_usage ();
 	  return (EX_USAGE);

examples/loadables/tty.c

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ tty_builtin (list)
 	case 's':
 	  sflag = 1;
 	  break;
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
 	default:
 	  builtin_usage ();
 	  return (EX_USAGE);

examples/loadables/uname.c

@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ uname_builtin (list)
 	case 'v':
 	  uname_flags |= FLAG_VERSION;
 	  break;
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
 	default:
 	  builtin_usage ();
 	  return (EX_USAGE);

examples/loadables/whoami.c

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ whoami_builtin (list)
     {
       switch (opt)
 	{
+	CASE_HELPOPT;
 	default:
 	  builtin_usage ();
 	  return (EX_USAGE);