fix cosmetic error when printing if commands containing here-documents in the body; compiling -DSTRICT_POSIX now forces posix-mode shells to expand redirections before assignment statements preceding simple commands

2026-07-01 09:29:51 +02:00 · 2026-03-03 11:14:10 -05:00
parent 044c1acc91
commit d0b41c2c5f
60 changed files with 526 additions and 7259 deletions
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 This is bash.info, produced by makeinfo version 7.2 from bashref.texi.

 This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
-Bash shell (version 5.3, 14 January 2026).
+Bash shell (version 5.3, 27 February 2026).

-   This is Edition 5.3, last updated 14 January 2026, of ‘The GNU Bash
+   This is Edition 5.3, last updated 27 February 2026, of ‘The GNU Bash
 Reference Manual’, for ‘Bash’, Version 5.3.

   Copyright © 1988-2026 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ Bash Features
 *************

 This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
-Bash shell (version 5.3, 14 January 2026).  The Bash home page is
+Bash shell (version 5.3, 27 February 2026).  The Bash home page is
 <http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/>.

-   This is Edition 5.3, last updated 14 January 2026, of ‘The GNU Bash
+   This is Edition 5.3, last updated 27 February 2026, of ‘The GNU Bash
 Reference Manual’, for ‘Bash’, Version 5.3.

   Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
@@ -7774,7 +7774,8 @@ startup files.
     builtins.

  12. Tilde expansion is only performed on assignments preceding a
-     command name, rather than on all assignment statements on the line.
+     command name, rather than on all assignment statements on the line,
+     unless the command is a declaration command.

  13. While variable indirection is available, it may not be applied to
     the ‘#’ and ‘?’ special parameters.
@@ -8062,7 +8063,13 @@ default even when in POSIX mode.  Specifically:
     entries if ‘FCEDIT’ is unset, rather than defaulting directly to
     ‘ed’.  ‘fc’ uses ‘ed’ if ‘EDITOR’ is unset.

-  3. As noted above, Bash requires the ‘xpg_echo’ option to be enabled
+  3. Bash does not perform redirections before expanding variable
+     assignments preceding a simple command; it does not allow the
+     redirections access to the results of the variable assignments, but
+     any side effects of expanding the redirections take place first.
+     If compiled in strict posix mode, Bash performs redirections first.
+
+  4. As noted above, Bash requires the ‘xpg_echo’ option to be enabled
     for the ‘echo’ builtin to be fully conformant.

   Bash can be configured to be POSIX-conformant by default, by
@@ -13728,138 +13735,138 @@ D.5 Concept Index


 Tag Table:
-Node: Top899
-Node: Introduction2838
-Node: What is Bash?3051
-Node: What is a shell?4184
-Node: Definitions6794
-Node: Basic Shell Features10121
-Node: Shell Syntax11345
-Node: Shell Operation12372
-Node: Quoting13663
-Node: Escape Character15001
-Node: Single Quotes15536
-Node: Double Quotes15885
-Node: ANSI-C Quoting17230
-Node: Locale Translation18624
-Node: Creating Internationalized Scripts20027
-Node: Comments24225
-Node: Shell Commands24992
-Node: Reserved Words25931
-Node: Simple Commands27074
-Node: Pipelines27736
-Node: Lists30992
-Node: Compound Commands32941
-Node: Looping Constructs33950
-Node: Conditional Constructs36499
-Node: Command Grouping51636
-Node: Coprocesses53128
-Node: GNU Parallel55814
-Node: Shell Functions56732
-Node: Shell Parameters65180
-Node: Positional Parameters70081
-Node: Special Parameters71171
-Node: Shell Expansions74632
-Node: Brace Expansion76821
-Node: Tilde Expansion80157
-Node: Shell Parameter Expansion83112
-Node: Command Substitution103759
-Node: Arithmetic Expansion107610
-Node: Process Substitution108786
-Node: Word Splitting109894
-Node: Filename Expansion112338
-Node: Pattern Matching115562
-Node: Quote Removal121328
-Node: Redirections121632
-Node: Executing Commands131888
-Node: Simple Command Expansion132555
-Node: Command Search and Execution134663
-Node: Command Execution Environment137107
-Node: Environment140633
-Node: Exit Status142536
-Node: Signals144595
-Node: Shell Scripts149543
-Node: Shell Builtin Commands152841
-Node: Bourne Shell Builtins155182
-Node: Bash Builtins181901
-Node: Modifying Shell Behavior219637
-Node: The Set Builtin219979
-Node: The Shopt Builtin231973
-Node: Special Builtins249026
-Node: Shell Variables250015
-Node: Bourne Shell Variables250449
-Node: Bash Variables252957
-Node: Bash Features292241
-Node: Invoking Bash293255
-Node: Bash Startup Files299839
-Node: Interactive Shells305081
-Node: What is an Interactive Shell?305489
-Node: Is this Shell Interactive?306151
-Node: Interactive Shell Behavior306975
-Node: Bash Conditional Expressions310736
-Node: Shell Arithmetic316153
-Node: Aliases319480
-Node: Arrays322614
-Node: The Directory Stack330317
-Node: Directory Stack Builtins331114
-Node: Controlling the Prompt335559
-Node: The Restricted Shell338443
-Node: Bash POSIX Mode341536
-Node: Shell Compatibility Mode360952
-Node: Job Control369959
-Node: Job Control Basics370416
-Node: Job Control Builtins376784
-Node: Job Control Variables383572
-Node: Command Line Editing384803
-Node: Introduction and Notation386506
-Node: Readline Interaction388858
-Node: Readline Bare Essentials390046
-Node: Readline Movement Commands391854
-Node: Readline Killing Commands392850
-Node: Readline Arguments394873
-Node: Searching395963
-Node: Readline Init File398206
-Node: Readline Init File Syntax399509
-Node: Conditional Init Constructs426460
-Node: Sample Init File430845
-Node: Bindable Readline Commands433965
-Node: Commands For Moving435503
-Node: Commands For History437967
-Node: Commands For Text443358
-Node: Commands For Killing447483
-Node: Numeric Arguments450271
-Node: Commands For Completion451423
-Node: Keyboard Macros457119
-Node: Miscellaneous Commands457820
-Node: Readline vi Mode465363
-Node: Programmable Completion466340
-Node: Programmable Completion Builtins476076
-Node: A Programmable Completion Example487813
-Node: Using History Interactively493158
-Node: Bash History Facilities493839
-Node: Bash History Builtins497574
-Node: History Interaction505169
-Node: Event Designators510119
-Node: Word Designators511697
-Node: Modifiers514089
-Node: Installing Bash516026
-Node: Basic Installation517142
-Node: Compilers and Options521018
-Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures521768
-Node: Installation Names523521
-Node: Specifying the System Type525755
-Node: Sharing Defaults526501
-Node: Operation Controls527215
-Node: Optional Features528234
-Node: Reporting Bugs540957
-Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell542314
-Node: GNU Free Documentation License563741
-Node: Indexes588918
-Node: Builtin Index589369
-Node: Reserved Word Index596467
-Node: Variable Index598912
-Node: Function Index616325
-Node: Concept Index630458
+Node: Top901
+Node: Introduction2842
+Node: What is Bash?3055
+Node: What is a shell?4188
+Node: Definitions6798
+Node: Basic Shell Features10125
+Node: Shell Syntax11349
+Node: Shell Operation12376
+Node: Quoting13667
+Node: Escape Character15005
+Node: Single Quotes15540
+Node: Double Quotes15889
+Node: ANSI-C Quoting17234
+Node: Locale Translation18628
+Node: Creating Internationalized Scripts20031
+Node: Comments24229
+Node: Shell Commands24996
+Node: Reserved Words25935
+Node: Simple Commands27078
+Node: Pipelines27740
+Node: Lists30996
+Node: Compound Commands32945
+Node: Looping Constructs33954
+Node: Conditional Constructs36503
+Node: Command Grouping51640
+Node: Coprocesses53132
+Node: GNU Parallel55818
+Node: Shell Functions56736
+Node: Shell Parameters65184
+Node: Positional Parameters70085
+Node: Special Parameters71175
+Node: Shell Expansions74636
+Node: Brace Expansion76825
+Node: Tilde Expansion80161
+Node: Shell Parameter Expansion83116
+Node: Command Substitution103763
+Node: Arithmetic Expansion107614
+Node: Process Substitution108790
+Node: Word Splitting109898
+Node: Filename Expansion112342
+Node: Pattern Matching115566
+Node: Quote Removal121332
+Node: Redirections121636
+Node: Executing Commands131892
+Node: Simple Command Expansion132559
+Node: Command Search and Execution134667
+Node: Command Execution Environment137111
+Node: Environment140637
+Node: Exit Status142540
+Node: Signals144599
+Node: Shell Scripts149547
+Node: Shell Builtin Commands152845
+Node: Bourne Shell Builtins155186
+Node: Bash Builtins181905
+Node: Modifying Shell Behavior219641
+Node: The Set Builtin219983
+Node: The Shopt Builtin231977
+Node: Special Builtins249030
+Node: Shell Variables250019
+Node: Bourne Shell Variables250453
+Node: Bash Variables252961
+Node: Bash Features292245
+Node: Invoking Bash293259
+Node: Bash Startup Files299843
+Node: Interactive Shells305085
+Node: What is an Interactive Shell?305493
+Node: Is this Shell Interactive?306155
+Node: Interactive Shell Behavior306979
+Node: Bash Conditional Expressions310740
+Node: Shell Arithmetic316157
+Node: Aliases319484
+Node: Arrays322618
+Node: The Directory Stack330321
+Node: Directory Stack Builtins331118
+Node: Controlling the Prompt335563
+Node: The Restricted Shell338447
+Node: Bash POSIX Mode341540
+Node: Shell Compatibility Mode361356
+Node: Job Control370363
+Node: Job Control Basics370820
+Node: Job Control Builtins377188
+Node: Job Control Variables383976
+Node: Command Line Editing385207
+Node: Introduction and Notation386910
+Node: Readline Interaction389262
+Node: Readline Bare Essentials390450
+Node: Readline Movement Commands392258
+Node: Readline Killing Commands393254
+Node: Readline Arguments395277
+Node: Searching396367
+Node: Readline Init File398610
+Node: Readline Init File Syntax399913
+Node: Conditional Init Constructs426864
+Node: Sample Init File431249
+Node: Bindable Readline Commands434369
+Node: Commands For Moving435907
+Node: Commands For History438371
+Node: Commands For Text443762
+Node: Commands For Killing447887
+Node: Numeric Arguments450675
+Node: Commands For Completion451827
+Node: Keyboard Macros457523
+Node: Miscellaneous Commands458224
+Node: Readline vi Mode465767
+Node: Programmable Completion466744
+Node: Programmable Completion Builtins476480
+Node: A Programmable Completion Example488217
+Node: Using History Interactively493562
+Node: Bash History Facilities494243
+Node: Bash History Builtins497978
+Node: History Interaction505573
+Node: Event Designators510523
+Node: Word Designators512101
+Node: Modifiers514493
+Node: Installing Bash516430
+Node: Basic Installation517546
+Node: Compilers and Options521422
+Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures522172
+Node: Installation Names523925
+Node: Specifying the System Type526159
+Node: Sharing Defaults526905
+Node: Operation Controls527619
+Node: Optional Features528638
+Node: Reporting Bugs541361
+Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell542718
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License564145
+Node: Indexes589322
+Node: Builtin Index589773
+Node: Reserved Word Index596871
+Node: Variable Index599316
+Node: Function Index616729
+Node: Concept Index630862

 End Tag Table

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 7.2 from
 bashref.texi.

 This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
-Bash shell (version 5.3, 14 January 2026).
+Bash shell (version 5.3, 27 February 2026).

-   This is Edition 5.3, last updated 14 January 2026, of ‘The GNU Bash
+   This is Edition 5.3, last updated 27 February 2026, of ‘The GNU Bash
 Reference Manual’, for ‘Bash’, Version 5.3.

   Copyright © 1988-2026 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ Bash Features
 *************

 This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
-Bash shell (version 5.3, 14 January 2026).  The Bash home page is
+Bash shell (version 5.3, 27 February 2026).  The Bash home page is
 <http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/>.

-   This is Edition 5.3, last updated 14 January 2026, of ‘The GNU Bash
+   This is Edition 5.3, last updated 27 February 2026, of ‘The GNU Bash
 Reference Manual’, for ‘Bash’, Version 5.3.

   Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
@@ -7775,7 +7775,8 @@ startup files.
     builtins.

  12. Tilde expansion is only performed on assignments preceding a
-     command name, rather than on all assignment statements on the line.
+     command name, rather than on all assignment statements on the line,
+     unless the command is a declaration command.

  13. While variable indirection is available, it may not be applied to
     the ‘#’ and ‘?’ special parameters.
@@ -8063,7 +8064,13 @@ default even when in POSIX mode.  Specifically:
     entries if ‘FCEDIT’ is unset, rather than defaulting directly to
     ‘ed’.  ‘fc’ uses ‘ed’ if ‘EDITOR’ is unset.

-  3. As noted above, Bash requires the ‘xpg_echo’ option to be enabled
+  3. Bash does not perform redirections before expanding variable
+     assignments preceding a simple command; it does not allow the
+     redirections access to the results of the variable assignments, but
+     any side effects of expanding the redirections take place first.
+     If compiled in strict posix mode, Bash performs redirections first.
+
+  4. As noted above, Bash requires the ‘xpg_echo’ option to be enabled
     for the ‘echo’ builtin to be fully conformant.

   Bash can be configured to be POSIX-conformant by default, by
@@ -13729,138 +13736,138 @@ D.5 Concept Index


 Tag Table:
-Node: Top902
-Node: Introduction2844
-Node: What is Bash?3060
-Node: What is a shell?4196
-Node: Definitions6809
-Node: Basic Shell Features10139
-Node: Shell Syntax11366
-Node: Shell Operation12396
-Node: Quoting13690
-Node: Escape Character15031
-Node: Single Quotes15569
-Node: Double Quotes15921
-Node: ANSI-C Quoting17269
-Node: Locale Translation18666
-Node: Creating Internationalized Scripts20072
-Node: Comments24273
-Node: Shell Commands25043
-Node: Reserved Words25985
-Node: Simple Commands27131
-Node: Pipelines27796
-Node: Lists31055
-Node: Compound Commands33007
-Node: Looping Constructs34019
-Node: Conditional Constructs36571
-Node: Command Grouping51711
-Node: Coprocesses53206
-Node: GNU Parallel55895
-Node: Shell Functions56816
-Node: Shell Parameters65267
-Node: Positional Parameters70171
-Node: Special Parameters71264
-Node: Shell Expansions74728
-Node: Brace Expansion76920
-Node: Tilde Expansion80259
-Node: Shell Parameter Expansion83217
-Node: Command Substitution103867
-Node: Arithmetic Expansion107721
-Node: Process Substitution108900
-Node: Word Splitting110011
-Node: Filename Expansion112458
-Node: Pattern Matching115685
-Node: Quote Removal121454
-Node: Redirections121761
-Node: Executing Commands132020
-Node: Simple Command Expansion132690
-Node: Command Search and Execution134801
-Node: Command Execution Environment137248
-Node: Environment140777
-Node: Exit Status142683
-Node: Signals144745
-Node: Shell Scripts149696
-Node: Shell Builtin Commands152997
-Node: Bourne Shell Builtins155341
-Node: Bash Builtins182063
-Node: Modifying Shell Behavior219802
-Node: The Set Builtin220147
-Node: The Shopt Builtin232144
-Node: Special Builtins249200
-Node: Shell Variables250192
-Node: Bourne Shell Variables250629
-Node: Bash Variables253140
-Node: Bash Features292427
-Node: Invoking Bash293444
-Node: Bash Startup Files300031
-Node: Interactive Shells305276
-Node: What is an Interactive Shell?305687
-Node: Is this Shell Interactive?306352
-Node: Interactive Shell Behavior307179
-Node: Bash Conditional Expressions310943
-Node: Shell Arithmetic316363
-Node: Aliases319693
-Node: Arrays322830
-Node: The Directory Stack330536
-Node: Directory Stack Builtins331336
-Node: Controlling the Prompt335784
-Node: The Restricted Shell338671
-Node: Bash POSIX Mode341767
-Node: Shell Compatibility Mode361186
-Node: Job Control370196
-Node: Job Control Basics370656
-Node: Job Control Builtins377027
-Node: Job Control Variables383818
-Node: Command Line Editing385052
-Node: Introduction and Notation386758
-Node: Readline Interaction389113
-Node: Readline Bare Essentials390304
-Node: Readline Movement Commands392115
-Node: Readline Killing Commands393114
-Node: Readline Arguments395140
-Node: Searching396233
-Node: Readline Init File398479
-Node: Readline Init File Syntax399785
-Node: Conditional Init Constructs426739
-Node: Sample Init File431127
-Node: Bindable Readline Commands434250
-Node: Commands For Moving435791
-Node: Commands For History438258
-Node: Commands For Text443652
-Node: Commands For Killing447780
-Node: Numeric Arguments450571
-Node: Commands For Completion451726
-Node: Keyboard Macros457425
-Node: Miscellaneous Commands458129
-Node: Readline vi Mode465675
-Node: Programmable Completion466655
-Node: Programmable Completion Builtins476394
-Node: A Programmable Completion Example488134
-Node: Using History Interactively493482
-Node: Bash History Facilities494166
-Node: Bash History Builtins497904
-Node: History Interaction505502
-Node: Event Designators510455
-Node: Word Designators512036
-Node: Modifiers514431
-Node: Installing Bash516371
-Node: Basic Installation517490
-Node: Compilers and Options521369
-Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures522122
-Node: Installation Names523878
-Node: Specifying the System Type526115
-Node: Sharing Defaults526864
-Node: Operation Controls527581
-Node: Optional Features528603
-Node: Reporting Bugs541329
-Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell542689
-Node: GNU Free Documentation License564119
-Node: Indexes589299
-Node: Builtin Index589753
-Node: Reserved Word Index596854
-Node: Variable Index599302
-Node: Function Index616718
-Node: Concept Index630854
+Node: Top904
+Node: Introduction2848
+Node: What is Bash?3064
+Node: What is a shell?4200
+Node: Definitions6813
+Node: Basic Shell Features10143
+Node: Shell Syntax11370
+Node: Shell Operation12400
+Node: Quoting13694
+Node: Escape Character15035
+Node: Single Quotes15573
+Node: Double Quotes15925
+Node: ANSI-C Quoting17273
+Node: Locale Translation18670
+Node: Creating Internationalized Scripts20076
+Node: Comments24277
+Node: Shell Commands25047
+Node: Reserved Words25989
+Node: Simple Commands27135
+Node: Pipelines27800
+Node: Lists31059
+Node: Compound Commands33011
+Node: Looping Constructs34023
+Node: Conditional Constructs36575
+Node: Command Grouping51715
+Node: Coprocesses53210
+Node: GNU Parallel55899
+Node: Shell Functions56820
+Node: Shell Parameters65271
+Node: Positional Parameters70175
+Node: Special Parameters71268
+Node: Shell Expansions74732
+Node: Brace Expansion76924
+Node: Tilde Expansion80263
+Node: Shell Parameter Expansion83221
+Node: Command Substitution103871
+Node: Arithmetic Expansion107725
+Node: Process Substitution108904
+Node: Word Splitting110015
+Node: Filename Expansion112462
+Node: Pattern Matching115689
+Node: Quote Removal121458
+Node: Redirections121765
+Node: Executing Commands132024
+Node: Simple Command Expansion132694
+Node: Command Search and Execution134805
+Node: Command Execution Environment137252
+Node: Environment140781
+Node: Exit Status142687
+Node: Signals144749
+Node: Shell Scripts149700
+Node: Shell Builtin Commands153001
+Node: Bourne Shell Builtins155345
+Node: Bash Builtins182067
+Node: Modifying Shell Behavior219806
+Node: The Set Builtin220151
+Node: The Shopt Builtin232148
+Node: Special Builtins249204
+Node: Shell Variables250196
+Node: Bourne Shell Variables250633
+Node: Bash Variables253144
+Node: Bash Features292431
+Node: Invoking Bash293448
+Node: Bash Startup Files300035
+Node: Interactive Shells305280
+Node: What is an Interactive Shell?305691
+Node: Is this Shell Interactive?306356
+Node: Interactive Shell Behavior307183
+Node: Bash Conditional Expressions310947
+Node: Shell Arithmetic316367
+Node: Aliases319697
+Node: Arrays322834
+Node: The Directory Stack330540
+Node: Directory Stack Builtins331340
+Node: Controlling the Prompt335788
+Node: The Restricted Shell338675
+Node: Bash POSIX Mode341771
+Node: Shell Compatibility Mode361590
+Node: Job Control370600
+Node: Job Control Basics371060
+Node: Job Control Builtins377431
+Node: Job Control Variables384222
+Node: Command Line Editing385456
+Node: Introduction and Notation387162
+Node: Readline Interaction389517
+Node: Readline Bare Essentials390708
+Node: Readline Movement Commands392519
+Node: Readline Killing Commands393518
+Node: Readline Arguments395544
+Node: Searching396637
+Node: Readline Init File398883
+Node: Readline Init File Syntax400189
+Node: Conditional Init Constructs427143
+Node: Sample Init File431531
+Node: Bindable Readline Commands434654
+Node: Commands For Moving436195
+Node: Commands For History438662
+Node: Commands For Text444056
+Node: Commands For Killing448184
+Node: Numeric Arguments450975
+Node: Commands For Completion452130
+Node: Keyboard Macros457829
+Node: Miscellaneous Commands458533
+Node: Readline vi Mode466079
+Node: Programmable Completion467059
+Node: Programmable Completion Builtins476798
+Node: A Programmable Completion Example488538
+Node: Using History Interactively493886
+Node: Bash History Facilities494570
+Node: Bash History Builtins498308
+Node: History Interaction505906
+Node: Event Designators510859
+Node: Word Designators512440
+Node: Modifiers514835
+Node: Installing Bash516775
+Node: Basic Installation517894
+Node: Compilers and Options521773
+Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures522526
+Node: Installation Names524282
+Node: Specifying the System Type526519
+Node: Sharing Defaults527268
+Node: Operation Controls527985
+Node: Optional Features529007
+Node: Reporting Bugs541733
+Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell543093
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License564523
+Node: Indexes589703
+Node: Builtin Index590157
+Node: Reserved Word Index597258
+Node: Variable Index599706
+Node: Function Index617122
+Node: Concept Index631258

 End Tag Table

@@ -9707,6 +9707,13 @@ the @code{command} builtin or another non-special builtin fails.
 There is ambiguity in @sc{posix} about this.
@end ignore

+@item
+Bash does not perform redirections before expanding variable assignments
+preceding a simple command; it does not allow the redirections access to
+the results of the variable assignments, but any side effects of expanding
+the redirections take place first.
+If compiled in @i{strict posix} mode, Bash performs redirections first.
+
@item
 As noted above, Bash requires the @code{xpg_echo} option to be enabled for
 the @code{echo} builtin to be fully conformant.
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
 Copyright (C) 1988-2026 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@end ignore

-@set LASTCHANGE Wed Jan 14 15:46:16 EST 2026
+@set LASTCHANGE Fri Feb 27 12:23:35 EST 2026

@set EDITION 5.3
@set VERSION 5.3

-@set UPDATED 14 January 2026
-@set UPDATED-MONTH January 2026
+@set UPDATED 27 February 2026
+@set UPDATED-MONTH February 2026