commit bash-20051208 snapshot

This commit is contained in:
Chet Ramey
2011-12-03 22:42:51 -05:00
parent 0fdd7e94ff
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This is the Bash FAQ, version 3.27, for Bash version 3.0.
This is the Bash FAQ, version 3.31, for Bash version 3.0.
This document contains a set of frequently-asked questions concerning
Bash, the GNU Bourne-Again Shell. Bash is a freely-available command
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ of Case Western Reserve University.
A2) What's the latest version?
The latest version is 3.0, first made available on xxx, 2004.
The latest version is 3.0, first made available on 27 July, 2004.
A3) Where can I get it?
@@ -157,6 +157,10 @@ Formatted versions of the documentation are available with the URLs:
ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/bash-doc-3.0.tar.gz
ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-doc-3.0.tar.gz
Any patches for the current version are available with the URL:
ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-3.0-patches/
A4) On what machines will bash run?
Bash has been ported to nearly every version of Unix. All you
@@ -181,16 +185,15 @@ earlier Minix versions yet.
Bash has been ported to versions of Windows implementing the Win32
programming interface. This includes Windows 95 and Windows NT.
The port was done by Cygnus Solutions as part of their CYGWIN
project. For more information about the project, look at the URLs
http://www.cygwin.com/
http://sourceware.cygnus.com/cygwin
The port was done by Cygnus Solutions (now part of Red Hat) as part
of their CYGWIN project. For more information about the project, see
http://www.cygwin.com/.
Cygnus originally ported bash-1.14.7, and that port was part of their
early GNU-Win32 (the original name) releases. Cygnus has also done a
port of bash-2.05 to the CYGWIN environment, and it is available as
part of their current release.
port of bash-2.05b to the CYGWIN environment, and it is available as
part of their current release. Bash-3.0 is currently being tested and
should be available soon.
Bash-2.05b and later versions should require no local Cygnus changes to
build and run under CYGWIN.
@@ -1128,12 +1131,12 @@ simple calls to `read'. For example, piping a command's output
into a `while' loop that repeatedly calls `read' will result in
the same behavior.
Each element of a pipeline runs in a separate process, a child of
the shell running the pipeline. A subprocess cannot affect its
parent's environment. When the `read' command sets the variable
to the input, that variable is set only in the subshell, not the
parent shell. When the subshell exits, the value of the variable
is lost.
Each element of a pipeline, even a builtin or shell function,
runs in a separate process, a child of the shell running the
pipeline. A subprocess cannot affect its parent's environment.
When the `read' command sets the variable to the input, that
variable is set only in the subshell, not the parent shell. When
the subshell exits, the value of the variable is lost.
Many pipelines that end with `read variable' can be converted
into command substitutions, which will capture the output of
@@ -1763,7 +1766,6 @@ These are features that may or may not appear in a future version of bash.
breaking some of the shell functionality into embeddable libraries
a module system like zsh's, using dynamic loading like builtins
date-stamped command history
a bash programmer's guide with a chapter on creating loadable builtins
a better loadable interface to perl with access to the shell builtins and
variables (contributions gratefully accepted)
@@ -1777,7 +1779,7 @@ H5) When will the next release appear?
The next version will appear sometime in 2005. Never make predictions.
This document is Copyright 1995-2004 by Chester Ramey.
This document is Copyright 1995-2005 by Chester Ramey.
Permission is hereby granted, without written agreement and
without license or royalty fees, to use, copy, and distribute
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.\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
.if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
.if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
.TH BASH 1 "2005 Aug 27" "GNU Bash-3.1-beta1"
.TH BASH 1 "2005 Dec 10" "GNU Bash-3.1"
.\"
.\" There's some problem with having a `@'
.\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
@@ -8484,7 +8484,7 @@ option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the \fBcommand\fP builtin.
returns true if any of the arguments are found, false if
none are found.
.TP
\fBulimit\fP [\fB\-SHacdflmnpstuv\fP [\fIlimit\fP]]
\fBulimit\fP [\fB\-SHacdfilmnpqstuvx\fP [\fIlimit\fP]]
Provides control over the resources available to the shell and to
processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
The \fB\-H\fP and \fB\-S\fP options specify that the hard or soft limit is
@@ -8523,6 +8523,9 @@ The maximum size of a process's data segment
.B \-f
The maximum size of files created by the shell
.TP
.B \-i
The maximum number of pending signals
.TP
.B \-l
The maximum size that may be locked into memory
.TP
@@ -8536,6 +8539,9 @@ allow this value to be set)
.B \-p
The pipe size in 512-byte blocks (this may not be set)
.TP
.B \-q
The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues
.TP
.B \-s
The maximum stack size
.TP
@@ -8547,6 +8553,9 @@ The maximum number of processes available to a single user
.TP
.B \-v
The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the shell
.TP
.B \-x
The maximum number of file locks
.PD
.PP
If
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@@ -3833,7 +3833,7 @@ builtin command.
@item ulimit
@btindex ulimit
@example
ulimit [-acdflmnpstuvSH] [@var{limit}]
ulimit [-acdfilmnpqstuvxSH] [@var{limit}]
@end example
@code{ulimit} provides control over the resources available to processes
started by the shell, on systems that allow such control. If an
@@ -3857,6 +3857,9 @@ The maximum size of a process's data segment.
@item -f
The maximum size of files created by the shell.
@item -i
The maximum number of pending signals.
@item -l
The maximum size that may be locked into memory.
@@ -3869,6 +3872,9 @@ The maximum number of open file descriptors.
@item -p
The pipe buffer size.
@item -q
The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues.
@item -s
The maximum stack size.
@@ -3881,6 +3887,9 @@ The maximum number of processes available to a single user.
@item -v
The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the process.
@item -x
The maximum number of file locks.
@end table
If @var{limit} is given, it is the new value of the specified resource;
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texinfo.tex.20030205
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Copyright (C) 1988-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@end ignore
@set LASTCHANGE Mon Sep 5 11:47:04 EDT 2005
@set LASTCHANGE Sat Dec 10 19:58:23 EST 2005
@set EDITION 3.1-beta1
@set VERSION 3.1-beta1
@set UPDATED 5 September 2005
@set UPDATED-MONTH September 2005
@set EDITION 3.1
@set VERSION 3.1
@set UPDATED 10 December 2005
@set UPDATED-MONTH December 2005
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@ignore
Copyright (C) 1988-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@end ignore
@set LASTCHANGE Mon Sep 5 11:47:04 EDT 2005
@set EDITION 3.1
@set VERSION 3.1
@set UPDATED 5 September 2005
@set UPDATED-MONTH September 2005