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bash-4.4 beta2 release

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Chet Ramey
2016-07-11 16:52:30 -04:00
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@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<!-- This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
the Bash shell (version 4.4, 8 February 2016).
the Bash shell (version 4.4, 29 May 2016).
This is Edition 4.4, last updated 8 February 2016,
This is Edition 4.4, last updated 29 May 2016,
of The GNU Bash Reference Manual,
for Bash, Version 4.4.
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
"GNU Free Documentation License". -->
<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 6.0, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 6.1, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
<head>
<title>Bash Reference Manual</title>
@@ -50,9 +50,8 @@ pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller}
pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller}
span.nocodebreak {white-space: nowrap}
span.nolinebreak {white-space: nowrap}
span.roman {font-family: serif; font-weight: normal}
span.roman {font-family: initial; font-weight: normal}
span.sansserif {font-family: sans-serif; font-weight: normal}
ul.no-bullet {list-style: none}
-->
@@ -285,10 +284,10 @@ Next: <a href="#Introduction" accesskey="n" rel="next">Introduction</a>, Previou
<h1 class="top">Bash Features</h1>
<p>This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
the Bash shell (version 4.4, 8 February 2016).
the Bash shell (version 4.4, 29 May 2016).
The Bash home page is <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/">http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/</a>.
</p>
<p>This is Edition 4.4, last updated 8 February 2016,
<p>This is Edition 4.4, last updated 29 May 2016,
of <cite>The GNU Bash Reference Manual</cite>,
for <code>Bash</code>, Version 4.4.
</p>
@@ -1962,12 +1961,13 @@ When applied to a string-valued variable, <var>value</var> is expanded and
appended to the variable&rsquo;s value.
</p>
<p>A variable can be assigned the <var>nameref</var> attribute using the
<samp>-n</samp> option to the \fBdeclare\fP or \fBlocal\fP builtin commands
<samp>-n</samp> option to the <code>declare</code> or <code>local</code> builtin commands
(see <a href="#Bash-Builtins">Bash Builtins</a>)
to create a <var>nameref</var>, or a reference to another variable.
This allows variables to be manipulated indirectly.
Whenever the nameref variable is referenced, assigned to, unset, or has
its attributes modified (other than the nameref attribute itself), the
its attributes modified (other than using or changing the nameref
attribute itself), the
operation is actually performed on the variable specified by the nameref
variable&rsquo;s value.
A nameref is commonly used within shell functions to refer to a variable
@@ -3327,7 +3327,7 @@ input (or file descriptor <var>n</var> if <var>n</var> is specified) for a comma
<p>No parameter and variable expansion, command substitution,
arithmetic expansion, or filename expansion is performed on
<var>word</var>. If any characters in <var>word</var> are quoted, the
<var>word</var>. If any part of <var>word</var> is quoted, the
<var>delimiter</var> is the result of quote removal on <var>word</var>,
and the lines in the here-document are not expanded.
If <var>word</var> is unquoted,
@@ -4275,8 +4275,7 @@ less than zero, non-zero otherwise.
<pre class="example">test <var>expr</var>
</pre></div>
<p>Evaluate a conditional express
ion <var>expr</var> and return a status of 0
<p>Evaluate a conditional expression <var>expr</var> and return a status of 0
(true) or 1 (false).
Each operator and operand must be a separate argument.
Expressions are composed of the primaries described below in
@@ -4469,7 +4468,7 @@ results in permissions of <code>755</code>.
<p>Remove each variable or function <var>name</var>.
If the <samp>-v</samp> option is given, each
<var>name</var> refers to a shell variable and that variable is remvoved.
<var>name</var> refers to a shell variable and that variable is removed.
If the <samp>-f</samp> option is given, the <var>name</var>s refer to shell
functions, and the function definition is removed.
If the <samp>-n</samp> option is supplied, and <var>name</var> is a variable with
@@ -4750,7 +4749,7 @@ The upper-case attribute is disabled.
it a name reference to another variable.
That other variable is defined by the value of <var>name</var>.
All references, assignments, and attribute modifications
to <var>name</var>, except for changing the
to <var>name</var>, except for those using or changing the
<samp>-n</samp> attribute itself, are performed on the variable referenced by
<var>name</var>&rsquo;s value.
The nameref attribute cannot be applied to array variables.
@@ -6011,7 +6010,9 @@ This option is enabled by default for interactive shells.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>extdebug</code></dt>
<dd><p>If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is enabled:
<dd><p>If set at shell invocation, arrange to execute the debugger profile
before the shell starts, identical to the <samp>--debugger</samp> option.
If set after invocation, behavior intended for use by debuggers is enabled:
</p>
<ol>
<li> The <samp>-F</samp> option to the <code>declare</code> builtin (see <a href="#Bash-Builtins">Bash Builtins</a>)
@@ -6773,11 +6774,14 @@ is readonly.
<a name="index-EXECIGNORE"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>A colon-separated list of shell patterns (see <a href="#Pattern-Matching">Pattern Matching</a>)
defining the list of filenames to be ignored by command search.
defining the list of filenames to be ignored by command search using
<code>PATH</code>.
Files whose full pathnames match one of these patterns are not considered
executable files for the purposes of completion and command execution.
executable files for the purposes of completion and command execution
via <code>PATH</code> lookup.
This does not affect the behavior of the <code>[</code>, <code>test</code>, and <code>[[</code>
commands.
Full pathnames in the command hash table are not subject to <code>EXECIGNORE</code>.
Use this variable to ignore shared library files that have the executable
bit set, but are not executable files.
The pattern matching honors the setting of the <code>extglob</code> shell
@@ -8078,8 +8082,8 @@ Next: <a href="#Aliases" accesskey="n" rel="next">Aliases</a>, Previous: <a href
<a name="index-arithmetic-evaluation"></a>
<p>The shell allows arithmetic expressions to be evaluated, as one of
the shell expansions or by the <code>let</code> and the <samp>-i</samp> option
to the <code>declare</code> builtins.
the shell expansions or by using the <code>((</code> compound command, the
<code>let</code> builtin, or the <samp>-i</samp> option to the <code>declare</code> builtin.
</p>
<p>Evaluation is done in fixed-width integers with no check for overflow,
though division by 0 is trapped and flagged as an error.
@@ -8923,6 +8927,9 @@ has been set.
If Bash receives a trapped signal while executing <code>read</code>, the trap
handler executes and <code>read</code> returns an exit status greater than 128.
</li><li> Bash removes an exited background process&rsquo;s status from the list of such
statuses after the <code>wait</code> builtin is used to obtain it.
</li></ol>
<p>There is other <small>POSIX</small> behavior that Bash does not implement by
@@ -9668,9 +9675,11 @@ incorporating any changes that you might have made to it.
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#Readline-Init-File-Syntax" accesskey="1">Readline Init File Syntax</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Syntax for the commands in the inputrc file.
</td></tr>
<tr><th colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><pre class="menu-comment">
</pre></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#Conditional-Init-Constructs" accesskey="2">Conditional Init Constructs</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Conditional key bindings in the inputrc file.
</td></tr>
<tr><th colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><pre class="menu-comment">
</pre></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#Sample-Init-File" accesskey="3">Sample Init File</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">An example inputrc file.
</td></tr>
</table>
@@ -9822,7 +9831,9 @@ The default limit is <code>100</code>.
<p>If set to &lsquo;<samp>on</samp>&rsquo;, Readline will convert characters with the
eighth bit set to an <small>ASCII</small> key sequence by stripping the eighth
bit and prefixing an <tt class="key">ESC</tt> character, converting them to a
meta-prefixed key sequence. The default value is &lsquo;<samp>on</samp>&rsquo;.
meta-prefixed key sequence. The default value is &lsquo;<samp>on</samp>&rsquo;, but
will be set to &lsquo;<samp>off</samp>&rsquo; if the locale is one that contains
eight-bit characters.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>disable-completion</code></dt>
@@ -9832,6 +9843,13 @@ Completion characters will be inserted into the line as if they had
been mapped to <code>self-insert</code>. The default is &lsquo;<samp>off</samp>&rsquo;.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>echo-control-characters</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-echo_002dcontrol_002dcharacters"></a>
<p>When set to &lsquo;<samp>on</samp>&rsquo;, on operating systems that indicate they support it,
readline echoes a character corresponding to a signal generated from the
keyboard. The default is &lsquo;<samp>on</samp>&rsquo;.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>editing-mode</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-editing_002dmode"></a>
<p>The <code>editing-mode</code> variable controls which default set of
@@ -9852,13 +9870,6 @@ sequence into the mode string.
The default is &lsquo;<samp>@</samp>&rsquo;.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>echo-control-characters</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-echo_002dcontrol_002dcharacters"></a>
<p>When set to &lsquo;<samp>on</samp>&rsquo;, on operating systems that indicate they support it,
readline echoes a character corresponding to a signal generated from the
keyboard. The default is &lsquo;<samp>on</samp>&rsquo;.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>enable-bracketed-paste</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-enable_002dbracketed_002dpaste"></a>
<p>When set to &lsquo;<samp>On</samp>&rsquo;, Readline will configure the terminal in a way
@@ -9904,6 +9915,8 @@ are saved.
If set to a value less than zero, the number of history entries is not
limited.
By default, the number of history entries is not limited.
If an attempt is made to set <var>history-size</var> to a non-numeric value,
the maximum number of history entries will be set to 500.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>horizontal-scroll-mode</code></dt>
@@ -9921,8 +9934,9 @@ this variable is set to &lsquo;<samp>off</samp>&rsquo;.
<p>If set to &lsquo;<samp>on</samp>&rsquo;, Readline will enable eight-bit input (it
will not clear the eighth bit in the characters it reads),
regardless of what the terminal claims it can support. The
default value is &lsquo;<samp>off</samp>&rsquo;. The name <code>meta-flag</code> is a
synonym for this variable.
default value is &lsquo;<samp>off</samp>&rsquo;, but Readline will set it to &lsquo;<samp>on</samp>&rsquo; if the
locale contains eight-bit characters.
The name <code>meta-flag</code> is a synonym for this variable.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>isearch-terminators</code></dt>
@@ -10010,7 +10024,9 @@ the list. The default is &lsquo;<samp>off</samp>&rsquo;.
<dd><a name="index-output_002dmeta"></a>
<p>If set to &lsquo;<samp>on</samp>&rsquo;, Readline will display characters with the
eighth bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape
sequence. The default is &lsquo;<samp>off</samp>&rsquo;.
sequence.
The default is &lsquo;<samp>off</samp>&rsquo;, but Readline will set it to &lsquo;<samp>on</samp>&rsquo; if the
locale contains eight-bit characters.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>page-completions</code></dt>