diff --git a/ABOUT-NLS b/ABOUT-NLS index 47d5e39f..3cc82865 100644 --- a/ABOUT-NLS +++ b/ABOUT-NLS @@ -1,592 +1,1348 @@ -Notes on the Free Translation Project -************************************* +1 Notes on the Free Translation Project +*************************************** - Free software is going international! The Free Translation Project -is a way to get maintainers of free software, translators, and users all -together, so that will gradually become able to speak many languages. -A few packages already provide translations for their messages. +Free software is going international! The Free Translation Project is a +way to get maintainers of free software, translators, and users all +together, so that free software will gradually become able to speak many +languages. A few packages already provide translations for their +messages. - If you found this `ABOUT-NLS' file inside a distribution, you may -assume that the distributed package does use GNU `gettext' internally, + If you found this 'ABOUT-NLS' file inside a distribution, you may +assume that the distributed package does use GNU 'gettext' internally, itself available at your nearest GNU archive site. But you do _not_ -need to install GNU `gettext' prior to configuring, installing or using +need to install GNU 'gettext' prior to configuring, installing or using this package with messages translated. Installers will find here some useful hints. These notes also explain how users should proceed for getting the programs to use the available translations. They tell how people wanting to contribute and -work at translations should contact the appropriate team. +work on translations can contact the appropriate team. - When reporting bugs in the `intl/' directory or bugs which may be -related to internationalization, you should tell about the version of -`gettext' which is used. The information can be found in the -`intl/VERSION' file, in internationalized packages. +1.1 INSTALL Matters +=================== -Quick configuration advice -========================== - - If you want to exploit the full power of internationalization, you -should configure it using - - ./configure --with-included-gettext - -to force usage of internationalizing routines provided within this -package, despite the existence of internationalizing capabilities in the -operating system where this package is being installed. So far, only -the `gettext' implementation in the GNU C library version 2 provides as -many features (such as locale alias, message inheritance, automatic -charset conversion or plural form handling) as the implementation here. -It is also not possible to offer this additional functionality on top -of a `catgets' implementation. Future versions of GNU `gettext' will -very likely convey even more functionality. So it might be a good idea -to change to GNU `gettext' as soon as possible. - - So you need _not_ provide this option if you are using GNU libc 2 or -you have installed a recent copy of the GNU gettext package with the -included `libintl'. - -INSTALL Matters -=============== - - Some packages are "localizable" when properly installed; the -programs they contain can be made to speak your own native language. -Most such packages use GNU `gettext'. Other packages have their own -ways to internationalization, predating GNU `gettext'. +Some packages are "localizable" when properly installed; the programs +they contain can be made to speak your own native language. Most such +packages use GNU 'gettext'. Other packages have their own ways to +internationalization, predating GNU 'gettext'. By default, this package will be installed to allow translation of messages. It will automatically detect whether the system already -provides the GNU `gettext' functions. If not, the GNU `gettext' own -library will be used. This library is wholly contained within this -package, usually in the `intl/' subdirectory, so prior installation of -the GNU `gettext' package is _not_ required. Installers may use -special options at configuration time for changing the default -behaviour. The commands: +provides the GNU 'gettext' functions. Installers may use special +options at configuration time for changing the default behaviour. The +command: - ./configure --with-included-gettext ./configure --disable-nls -will respectively bypass any pre-existing `gettext' to use the -internationalizing routines provided within this package, or else, -_totally_ disable translation of messages. +will _totally_ disable translation of messages. - When you already have GNU `gettext' installed on your system and run -configure without an option for your new package, `configure' will -probably detect the previously built and installed `libintl.a' file and -will decide to use this. This might be not what is desirable. You -should use the more recent version of the GNU `gettext' library. I.e. -if the file `intl/VERSION' shows that the library which comes with this -package is more recent, you should use + When you already have GNU 'gettext' installed on your system and run +configure without an option for your new package, 'configure' will +probably detect the previously built and installed 'libintl' library and +will decide to use it. If not, you may have to to use the +'--with-libintl-prefix' option to tell 'configure' where to look for it. - ./configure --with-included-gettext - -to prevent auto-detection. - - The configuration process will not test for the `catgets' function -and therefore it will not be used. The reason is that even an -emulation of `gettext' on top of `catgets' could not provide all the -extensions of the GNU `gettext' library. - - Internationalized packages have usually many `po/LL.po' files, where + Internationalized packages usually have many 'po/LL.po' files, where LL gives an ISO 639 two-letter code identifying the language. Unless -translations have been forbidden at `configure' time by using the -`--disable-nls' switch, all available translations are installed -together with the package. However, the environment variable `LINGUAS' +translations have been forbidden at 'configure' time by using the +'--disable-nls' switch, all available translations are installed +together with the package. However, the environment variable 'LINGUAS' may be set, prior to configuration, to limit the installed set. -`LINGUAS' should then contain a space separated list of two-letter +'LINGUAS' should then contain a space separated list of two-letter codes, stating which languages are allowed. -Using This Package -================== +1.2 Using This Package +====================== - As a user, if your language has been installed for this package, you -only have to set the `LANG' environment variable to the appropriate -`LL_CC' combination. Here `LL' is an ISO 639 two-letter language code, -and `CC' is an ISO 3166 two-letter country code. For example, let's -suppose that you speak German and live in Germany. At the shell -prompt, merely execute `setenv LANG de_DE' (in `csh'), -`export LANG; LANG=de_DE' (in `sh') or `export LANG=de_DE' (in `bash'). -This can be done from your `.login' or `.profile' file, once and for -all. +As a user, if your language has been installed for this package, you +only have to set the 'LANG' environment variable to the appropriate +'LL_CC' combination. If you happen to have the 'LC_ALL' or some other +'LC_xxx' environment variables set, you should unset them before setting +'LANG', otherwise the setting of 'LANG' will not have the desired +effect. Here 'LL' is an ISO 639 two-letter language code, and 'CC' is +an ISO 3166 two-letter country code. For example, let's suppose that +you speak German and live in Germany. At the shell prompt, merely +execute 'setenv LANG de_DE' (in 'csh'), 'export LANG; LANG=de_DE' (in +'sh') or 'export LANG=de_DE' (in 'bash'). This can be done from your +'.login' or '.profile' file, once and for all. You might think that the country code specification is redundant. But in fact, some languages have dialects in different countries. For -example, `de_AT' is used for Austria, and `pt_BR' for Brazil. The +example, 'de_AT' is used for Austria, and 'pt_BR' for Brazil. The country code serves to distinguish the dialects. - The locale naming convention of `LL_CC', with `LL' denoting the -language and `CC' denoting the country, is the one use on systems based -on GNU libc. On other systems, some variations of this scheme are -used, such as `LL' or `LL_CC.ENCODING'. You can get the list of -locales supported by your system for your country by running the command -`locale -a | grep '^LL''. + The locale naming convention of 'LL_CC', with 'LL' denoting the +language and 'CC' denoting the country, is the one use on systems based +on GNU libc. On other systems, some variations of this scheme are used, +such as 'LL' or 'LL_CC.ENCODING'. You can get the list of locales +supported by your system for your language by running the command +'locale -a | grep '^LL''. Not all programs have translations for all languages. By default, an English message is shown in place of a nonexistent translation. If you understand other languages, you can set up a priority list of languages. This is done through a different environment variable, called -`LANGUAGE'. GNU `gettext' gives preference to `LANGUAGE' over `LANG' -for the purpose of message handling, but you still need to have `LANG' +'LANGUAGE'. GNU 'gettext' gives preference to 'LANGUAGE' over 'LANG' +for the purpose of message handling, but you still need to have 'LANG' set to the primary language; this is required by other parts of the -system libraries. For example, some Swedish users who would rather -read translations in German than English for when Swedish is not -available, set `LANGUAGE' to `sv:de' while leaving `LANG' to `sv_SE'. +system libraries. For example, some Swedish users who would rather read +translations in German than English for when Swedish is not available, +set 'LANGUAGE' to 'sv:de' while leaving 'LANG' to 'sv_SE'. - In the `LANGUAGE' environment variable, but not in the `LANG' -environment variable, `LL_CC' combinations can be abbreviated as `LL' -to denote the language's main dialect. For example, `de' is equivalent -to `de_DE' (German as spoken in Germany), and `pt' to `pt_PT' -(Portuguese as spoken in Portugal) in this context. + Special advice for Norwegian users: The language code for Norwegian +bokma*l changed from 'no' to 'nb' recently (in 2003). During the +transition period, while some message catalogs for this language are +installed under 'nb' and some older ones under 'no', it's recommended +for Norwegian users to set 'LANGUAGE' to 'nb:no' so that both newer and +older translations are used. -Translating Teams -================= + In the 'LANGUAGE' environment variable, but not in the 'LANG' +environment variable, 'LL_CC' combinations can be abbreviated as 'LL' to +denote the language's main dialect. For example, 'de' is equivalent to +'de_DE' (German as spoken in Germany), and 'pt' to 'pt_PT' (Portuguese +as spoken in Portugal) in this context. - For the Free Translation Project to be a success, we need interested +1.3 Translating Teams +===================== + +For the Free Translation Project to be a success, we need interested people who like their own language and write it well, and who are also able to synergize with other translators speaking the same language. Each translation team has its own mailing list. The up-to-date list of teams can be found at the Free Translation Project's homepage, -`http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/contrib/po/HTML/', in the "National teams" -area. +'http://translationproject.org/', in the "Teams" area. If you'd like to volunteer to _work_ at translating messages, you should become a member of the translating team for your own language. The subscribing address is _not_ the same as the list itself, it has -`-request' appended. For example, speakers of Swedish can send a -message to `sv-request@li.org', having this message body: +'-request' appended. For example, speakers of Swedish can send a +message to 'sv-request@li.org', having this message body: subscribe - Keep in mind that team members are expected to participate -_actively_ in translations, or at solving translational difficulties, -rather than merely lurking around. If your team does not exist yet and -you want to start one, or if you are unsure about what to do or how to -get started, please write to `translation@iro.umontreal.ca' to reach the + Keep in mind that team members are expected to participate _actively_ +in translations, or at solving translational difficulties, rather than +merely lurking around. If your team does not exist yet and you want to +start one, or if you are unsure about what to do or how to get started, +please write to 'coordinator@translationproject.org' to reach the coordinator for all translator teams. The English team is special. It works at improving and uniformizing -the terminology in use. Proven linguistic skill are praised more than -programming skill, here. +the terminology in use. Proven linguistic skills are praised more than +programming skills, here. -Available Packages -================== +1.4 Available Packages +====================== - Languages are not equally supported in all packages. The following -matrix shows the current state of internationalization, as of May 2003. +Languages are not equally supported in all packages. The following +matrix shows the current state of internationalization, as of Jun 2014. The matrix shows, in regard of each package, for which languages PO files have been submitted to translation coordination, with a translation percentage of at least 50%. - Ready PO files am az be bg ca cs da de el en en_GB eo es - +-------------------------------------------+ - a2ps | [] [] [] [] | - aegis | () | - anubis | | - ap-utils | | - bash | [] [] [] | - batchelor | | - bfd | [] [] | - binutils | [] [] | - bison | [] [] [] | - bluez-pin | [] [] | - clisp | | - clisp | [] [] [] | - coreutils | [] [] [] [] | - cpio | [] [] [] | - darkstat | () [] | - diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - e2fsprogs | [] [] | - enscript | [] [] [] [] | - error | [] [] [] [] [] | - fetchmail | [] () [] [] [] [] | - fileutils | [] [] [] | - findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | - flex | [] [] [] [] | - gas | [] | - gawk | [] [] [] [] | - gcal | [] | - gcc | [] [] | - gettext | [] [] [] [] [] | - gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] | - gettext-tools | [] [] | - gimp-print | [] [] [] [] [] | - gliv | | - glunarclock | [] [] [] | - gnucash | () [] | - gnucash-glossary | [] () [] | - gnupg | [] () [] [] [] [] | - gpe-calendar | [] | - gpe-conf | [] | - gpe-contacts | [] | - gpe-edit | | - gpe-login | [] | - gpe-ownerinfo | [] | - gpe-sketchbook | [] | - gpe-timesheet | | - gpe-today | [] | - gpe-todo | [] | - gphoto2 | [] [] [] [] | - gprof | [] [] | - gpsdrive | () () () | - grep | [] [] [] [] [] | - gretl | [] | - hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] | - id-utils | [] [] | - indent | [] [] [] [] | - jpilot | [] [] [] [] | - jwhois | [] | - kbd | [] [] [] [] [] | - ld | [] [] | - libc | [] [] [] [] [] [] | - libgpewidget | [] | - libiconv | [] [] [] [] [] | - lifelines | [] () | - lilypond | [] | - lingoteach | | - lingoteach_lessons | () () | - lynx | [] [] [] [] | - m4 | [] [] [] [] | - mailutils | [] [] | - make | [] [] [] | - man-db | [] () [] [] () | - mysecretdiary | [] [] [] | - nano | [] () [] [] [] | - nano_1_0 | [] () [] [] [] | - opcodes | [] [] | - parted | [] [] [] [] [] | - ptx | [] [] [] [] [] | - python | | - radius | | - recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] | - screem | | - sed | [] [] [] [] [] | - sh-utils | [] [] [] | - sharutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | - sketch | [] () [] | - soundtracker | [] [] [] | - sp | [] | - tar | [] [] [] [] | - texinfo | [] [] [] [] | - textutils | [] [] [] [] | - tin | () () | - util-linux | [] [] [] [] [] | - vorbis-tools | [] [] [] | - wastesedge | () | - wdiff | [] [] [] [] | - wget | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - xchat | [] [] [] | - xpad | | - +-------------------------------------------+ - am az be bg ca cs da de el en en_GB eo es - 0 1 4 2 31 17 54 60 14 1 4 12 56 - - et fa fi fr ga gl he hr hu id it ja ko - +----------------------------------------+ - a2ps | [] [] [] () () | - aegis | | - anubis | [] | - ap-utils | [] | - bash | [] [] | - batchelor | [] | - bfd | [] [] | - binutils | [] [] | - bison | [] [] [] [] | - bluez-pin | [] [] [] [] | - clisp | | - clisp | [] | - coreutils | [] [] [] [] | - cpio | [] [] [] [] | - darkstat | () [] [] [] | - diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - e2fsprogs | | - enscript | [] [] | - error | [] [] [] [] | - fetchmail | [] | - fileutils | [] [] [] [] [] | - findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - flex | [] [] | - gas | [] | - gawk | [] [] | - gcal | [] | - gcc | [] | - gettext | [] [] [] | - gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] | - gettext-tools | [] | - gimp-print | [] [] | - gliv | () | - glunarclock | [] [] [] [] | - gnucash | [] | - gnucash-glossary | [] | - gnupg | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - gpe-calendar | [] | - gpe-conf | | - gpe-contacts | [] | - gpe-edit | [] [] | - gpe-login | [] | - gpe-ownerinfo | [] [] [] | - gpe-sketchbook | [] | - gpe-timesheet | [] [] [] | - gpe-today | [] [] | - gpe-todo | [] [] | - gphoto2 | [] [] [] | - gprof | [] [] | - gpsdrive | () [] () () | - grep | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - gretl | [] | - hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - id-utils | [] [] [] | - indent | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - jpilot | [] () | - jwhois | [] [] [] [] | - kbd | [] | - ld | [] | - libc | [] [] [] [] [] [] | - libgpewidget | [] [] [] | - libiconv | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - lifelines | () | - lilypond | [] | - lingoteach | [] [] | - lingoteach_lessons | | - lynx | [] [] [] [] | - m4 | [] [] [] [] | - mailutils | | - make | [] [] [] [] [] [] | - man-db | [] () () | - mysecretdiary | [] [] | - nano | [] [] [] [] | - nano_1_0 | [] [] [] [] | - opcodes | [] [] | - parted | [] [] [] | - ptx | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - python | | - radius | | - recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] | - screem | | - sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - sh-utils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | - sharutils | [] [] [] [] [] | - sketch | [] | - soundtracker | [] [] [] | - sp | [] () | - tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - texinfo | [] [] [] [] | - textutils | [] [] [] [] [] | - tin | [] () | - util-linux | [] [] [] [] () [] | - vorbis-tools | [] | - wastesedge | () | - wdiff | [] [] [] [] [] | - wget | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - xchat | [] [] [] | - xpad | | - +----------------------------------------+ - et fa fi fr ga gl he hr hu id it ja ko - 20 1 15 73 14 24 8 10 30 31 19 31 9 - - lg lt lv ms nb nl nn no pl pt pt_BR ro - +----------------------------------------+ - a2ps | [] [] () () () [] [] | - aegis | () | - anubis | [] [] | - ap-utils | () | - bash | [] | - batchelor | | - bfd | | - binutils | | - bison | [] [] [] [] | - bluez-pin | [] | - clisp | | - clisp | [] | - coreutils | [] | - cpio | [] [] [] | - darkstat | [] [] [] [] | - diffutils | [] [] [] | - e2fsprogs | | - enscript | [] [] | - error | [] [] | - fetchmail | () () | - fileutils | [] | - findutils | [] [] [] [] | - flex | [] | - gas | | - gawk | [] | - gcal | | - gcc | | - gettext | [] | - gettext-runtime | [] | - gettext-tools | | - gimp-print | [] | - gliv | [] | - glunarclock | [] | - gnucash | | - gnucash-glossary | [] [] | - gnupg | | - gpe-calendar | [] [] | - gpe-conf | [] [] | - gpe-contacts | [] | - gpe-edit | [] [] | - gpe-login | [] [] | - gpe-ownerinfo | [] [] | - gpe-sketchbook | [] [] | - gpe-timesheet | [] [] | - gpe-today | [] [] | - gpe-todo | [] [] | - gphoto2 | | - gprof | [] | - gpsdrive | () () () | - grep | [] [] [] [] | - gretl | | - hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - id-utils | [] [] [] | - indent | [] [] [] | - jpilot | () () | - jwhois | [] [] [] | - kbd | | - ld | | - libc | [] [] [] [] | - libgpewidget | [] [] | - libiconv | [] [] | - lifelines | | - lilypond | [] | - lingoteach | | - lingoteach_lessons | | - lynx | [] [] | - m4 | [] [] [] [] | - mailutils | | - make | [] [] | - man-db | [] | - mysecretdiary | [] | - nano | [] [] [] [] | - nano_1_0 | [] [] [] [] | - opcodes | [] [] [] | - parted | [] [] [] | - ptx | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | - python | | - radius | | - recode | [] [] [] | - screem | | - sed | [] [] | - sh-utils | [] | - sharutils | [] | - sketch | [] | - soundtracker | | - sp | | - tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] | - texinfo | [] | - textutils | [] | - tin | | - util-linux | [] [] | - vorbis-tools | [] [] | - wastesedge | | - wdiff | [] [] [] [] | - wget | [] [] [] | - xchat | [] [] | - xpad | [] | - +----------------------------------------+ - lg lt lv ms nb nl nn no pl pt pt_BR ro - 0 0 2 11 7 26 3 4 18 15 34 34 - - ru sk sl sr sv ta tr uk vi wa zh_CN zh_TW - +-------------------------------------------+ - a2ps | [] [] [] [] [] | 16 - aegis | () | 0 - anubis | [] [] | 5 - ap-utils | () | 1 - bash | [] | 7 - batchelor | | 1 - bfd | [] [] [] | 7 - binutils | [] [] [] | 7 - bison | [] [] | 13 - bluez-pin | | 7 - clisp | | 0 - clisp | | 5 - coreutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 14 - cpio | [] [] [] | 13 - darkstat | [] () () | 9 - diffutils | [] [] [] [] | 21 - e2fsprogs | [] | 3 - enscript | [] [] [] | 11 - error | [] [] [] | 14 - fetchmail | [] | 7 - fileutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 15 - findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 27 - flex | [] [] [] | 10 - gas | [] | 3 - gawk | [] [] | 9 - gcal | [] [] | 4 - gcc | [] | 4 - gettext | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 15 - gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 16 - gettext-tools | [] [] | 5 - gimp-print | [] [] | 10 - gliv | | 1 - glunarclock | [] [] [] | 11 - gnucash | [] [] | 4 - gnucash-glossary | [] [] [] | 8 - gnupg | [] [] [] [] | 16 - gpe-calendar | [] | 5 - gpe-conf | | 3 - gpe-contacts | [] | 4 - gpe-edit | [] | 5 - gpe-login | [] | 5 - gpe-ownerinfo | [] | 7 - gpe-sketchbook | [] | 5 - gpe-timesheet | [] | 6 - gpe-today | [] | 6 - gpe-todo | [] | 6 - gphoto2 | [] [] | 9 - gprof | [] [] | 7 - gpsdrive | [] [] | 3 - grep | [] [] [] [] | 24 - gretl | | 2 - hello | [] [] [] [] [] | 33 - id-utils | [] [] [] | 11 - indent | [] [] [] [] | 19 - jpilot | [] [] [] [] [] | 10 - jwhois | () () [] [] | 10 - kbd | [] [] | 8 - ld | [] [] | 5 - libc | [] [] [] [] | 20 - libgpewidget | | 6 - libiconv | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 21 - lifelines | [] | 2 - lilypond | [] | 4 - lingoteach | | 2 - lingoteach_lessons | () | 0 - lynx | [] [] [] [] | 14 - m4 | [] [] [] | 15 - mailutils | | 2 - make | [] [] [] [] | 15 - man-db | [] | 6 - mysecretdiary | [] [] | 8 - nano | [] [] [] | 15 - nano_1_0 | [] [] [] | 15 - opcodes | [] [] | 9 - parted | [] [] | 13 - ptx | [] [] [] | 22 - python | | 0 - radius | | 0 - recode | [] [] [] [] | 19 - screem | [] | 1 - sed | [] [] [] [] [] | 20 - sh-utils | [] [] [] | 13 - sharutils | [] [] [] [] | 16 - sketch | [] | 5 - soundtracker | [] | 7 - sp | [] | 3 - tar | [] [] [] [] [] | 24 - texinfo | [] [] [] [] | 13 - textutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 15 - tin | | 1 - util-linux | [] [] | 14 - vorbis-tools | [] | 7 - wastesedge | | 0 - wdiff | [] [] [] [] | 17 - wget | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 25 - xchat | [] [] [] | 11 - xpad | | 1 - +-------------------------------------------+ - 50 teams ru sk sl sr sv ta tr uk vi wa zh_CN zh_TW - 97 domains 32 19 16 0 56 0 48 10 1 1 12 23 913 + Ready PO files af am an ar as ast az be bg bn bn_IN bs ca crh cs + +---------------------------------------------------+ + a2ps | [] [] [] | + aegis | | + anubis | | + aspell | [] [] [] | + bash | [] [] [] | + bfd | | + binutils | [] | + bison | | + bison-runtime | [] | + buzztrax | [] | + ccd2cue | | + ccide | | + cflow | | + clisp | | + coreutils | [] [] | + cpio | | + cppi | | + cpplib | [] | + cryptsetup | [] | + datamash | | + denemo | [] [] | + dfarc | [] | + dialog | [] [] [] | + dico | | + diffutils | [] | + dink | [] | + direvent | | + doodle | [] | + dos2unix | | + dos2unix-man | | + e2fsprogs | [] [] | + enscript | [] | + exif | [] | + fetchmail | [] [] | + findutils | [] | + flex | [] | + freedink | [] [] | + fusionforge | | + gas | | + gawk | [] | + gcal | [] | + gcc | | + gdbm | | + gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] | + gettext-runtime | [] [] [] | + gettext-tools | [] [] | + gjay | | + glunarclock | [] [] [] | + gnubiff | [] | + gnubik | [] | + gnucash | () () [] | + gnuchess | | + gnulib | [] | + gnunet | | + gnunet-gtk | | + gold | | + gphoto2 | [] | + gprof | [] | + gramadoir | | + grep | [] [] [] | + grub | [] | + gsasl | | + gss | | + gst-plugins-bad | [] [] | + gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] | + gstreamer | [] [] [] [] | + gtick | [] | + gtkam | [] [] | + gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] | + guix | | + guix-packages | | + gutenprint | [] | + hello | [] | + help2man | | + help2man-texi | | + hylafax | | + idutils | | + iso_15924 | [] | + iso_3166 | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + iso_3166_2 | | + iso_4217 | [] | + iso_639 | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + iso_639_3 | [] [] | + iso_639_5 | | + jwhois | | + kbd | [] | + klavaro | [] [] [] [] [] | + ld | [] | + leafpad | [] [] [] [] | + libc | [] [] [] | + libexif | () | + libextractor | | + libgnutls | [] | + libgphoto2 | [] | + libgphoto2_port | [] | + libgsasl | | + libiconv | [] [] | + libidn | [] | + liferea | [] [] [] [] | + lilypond | [] [] | + lordsawar | [] | + lprng | | + lynx | [] [] | + m4 | [] | + mailfromd | | + mailutils | | + make | [] | + man-db | [] [] | + man-db-manpages | | + midi-instruments | [] [] [] | + minicom | [] | + mkisofs | [] | + myserver | [] | + nano | [] [] [] | + opcodes | | + parted | [] | + pies | | + pnmixer | | + popt | [] | + procps-ng | | + procps-ng-man | | + psmisc | [] | + pspp | [] | + pushover | [] | + pwdutils | | + pyspread | | + radius | [] | + recode | [] [] [] | + recutils | | + rpm | | + rush | | + sarg | | + sed | [] [] [] [] | + sharutils | [] | + shishi | | + skribilo | | + solfege | [] [] | + solfege-manual | | + spotmachine | | + sudo | [] [] | + sudoers | [] [] | + sysstat | [] | + tar | [] [] [] | + texinfo | [] [] | + texinfo_document | [] [] | + tigervnc | [] | + tin | | + tin-man | | + tracgoogleappsa... | | + trader | | + util-linux | [] | + ve | | + vice | | + vmm | | + vorbis-tools | [] | + wastesedge | | + wcd | | + wcd-man | | + wdiff | [] [] | + wget | [] | + wyslij-po | | + xboard | | + xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] | + +---------------------------------------------------+ + af am an ar as ast az be bg bn bn_IN bs ca crh cs + 4 0 2 5 3 11 0 8 25 3 3 1 55 4 74 + + da de el en en_GB en_ZA eo es et eu fa fi fr + +--------------------------------------------------+ + a2ps | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + aegis | [] [] [] [] | + anubis | [] [] [] [] [] | + aspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + bash | [] [] [] | + bfd | [] [] [] [] | + binutils | [] [] [] | + bison | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + buzztrax | [] [] [] [] | + ccd2cue | [] [] [] [] | + ccide | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + cflow | [] [] [] [] [] | + clisp | [] [] [] [] [] | + coreutils | [] [] [] [] [] | + cpio | [] [] [] [] [] | + cppi | [] [] [] [] [] | + cpplib | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + cryptsetup | [] [] [] [] [] | + datamash | [] [] [] [] | + denemo | [] | + dfarc | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + dialog | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + dico | [] [] [] [] | + diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + dink | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + direvent | [] [] [] [] | + doodle | [] [] [] [] | + dos2unix | [] [] [] [] [] | + dos2unix-man | [] [] [] | + e2fsprogs | [] [] [] [] [] | + enscript | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + exif | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + fetchmail | [] () [] [] [] [] [] | + findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + flex | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + freedink | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + fusionforge | [] [] [] | + gas | [] [] [] | + gawk | [] [] [] [] [] | + gcal | [] [] [] [] | + gcc | [] | + gdbm | [] [] [] [] [] | + gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gettext-tools | [] [] [] [] [] | + gjay | [] [] [] [] | + glunarclock | [] [] [] [] [] | + gnubiff | () [] [] () | + gnubik | [] [] [] [] [] | + gnucash | [] () () () () () () | + gnuchess | [] [] [] [] | + gnulib | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gnunet | [] | + gnunet-gtk | [] | + gold | [] [] [] | + gphoto2 | [] () [] [] | + gprof | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gramadoir | [] [] [] [] [] | + grep | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + grub | [] [] [] [] [] | + gsasl | [] [] [] [] [] | + gss | [] [] [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-bad | [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gstreamer | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gtick | [] () [] [] [] | + gtkam | [] () [] [] [] [] | + gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + guix | [] [] | + guix-packages | | + gutenprint | [] [] [] [] | + hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + help2man | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + help2man-texi | [] [] [] | + hylafax | [] [] | + idutils | [] [] [] [] [] | + iso_15924 | [] () [] [] () [] () | + iso_3166 | [] () [] [] [] [] () [] () | + iso_3166_2 | [] () () () | + iso_4217 | [] () [] [] [] () [] () | + iso_639 | [] () [] [] () [] () | + iso_639_3 | () () () | + iso_639_5 | () () () | + jwhois | [] [] [] [] [] | + kbd | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + klavaro | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + ld | [] [] [] [] | + leafpad | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + libc | [] [] [] [] [] | + libexif | [] [] () [] [] | + libextractor | [] | + libgnutls | [] [] [] [] | + libgphoto2 | [] () [] | + libgphoto2_port | [] () [] [] [] [] | + libgsasl | [] [] [] [] [] | + libiconv | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + libidn | [] [] [] [] [] | + liferea | [] () [] [] [] [] [] | + lilypond | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + lordsawar | [] [] | + lprng | | + lynx | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + m4 | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + mailfromd | [] | + mailutils | [] [] [] [] | + make | [] [] [] [] [] | + man-db | [] [] [] [] | + man-db-manpages | [] [] | + midi-instruments | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + minicom | [] [] [] [] [] | + mkisofs | [] [] [] | + myserver | [] [] [] [] | + nano | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + opcodes | [] [] [] [] [] | + parted | [] [] [] | + pies | [] | + pnmixer | [] [] | + popt | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + procps-ng | [] [] | + procps-ng-man | [] [] | + psmisc | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + pspp | [] [] [] | + pushover | () [] [] [] | + pwdutils | [] [] [] | + pyspread | [] [] [] | + radius | [] [] | + recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + recutils | [] [] [] [] | + rpm | [] [] [] [] [] | + rush | [] [] [] | + sarg | [] [] | + sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + sharutils | [] [] [] [] | + shishi | [] [] [] | + skribilo | [] [] [] | + solfege | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + solfege-manual | [] [] [] [] [] | + spotmachine | [] [] [] [] [] | + sudo | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + sudoers | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + sysstat | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + texinfo | [] [] [] [] [] | + texinfo_document | [] [] [] [] | + tigervnc | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + tin | [] [] [] [] | + tin-man | [] | + tracgoogleappsa... | [] [] [] [] [] | + trader | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + util-linux | [] [] [] [] | + ve | [] [] [] [] [] | + vice | () () () | + vmm | [] [] | + vorbis-tools | [] [] [] [] | + wastesedge | [] | + wcd | [] [] [] [] | + wcd-man | [] | + wdiff | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + wget | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + wyslij-po | [] [] [] [] | + xboard | [] [] [] [] | + xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + da de el en en_GB en_ZA eo es et eu fa fi fr + 119 131 32 1 6 0 94 95 22 13 4 102 139 + + ga gd gl gu he hi hr hu hy ia id is it ja ka kk + +-------------------------------------------------+ + a2ps | [] [] [] [] | + aegis | [] | + anubis | [] [] [] [] | + aspell | [] [] [] [] [] | + bash | [] [] [] [] | + bfd | [] [] | + binutils | [] [] [] | + bison | [] | + bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + buzztrax | | + ccd2cue | [] | + ccide | [] [] | + cflow | [] [] [] | + clisp | | + coreutils | [] [] | + cpio | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + cppi | [] [] [] [] [] | + cpplib | [] [] | + cryptsetup | [] | + datamash | | + denemo | [] | + dfarc | [] [] [] | + dialog | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + dico | | + diffutils | [] [] [] [] | + dink | [] | + direvent | [] | + doodle | [] [] | + dos2unix | [] [] | + dos2unix-man | | + e2fsprogs | [] [] | + enscript | [] [] [] | + exif | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + fetchmail | [] [] [] | + findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + flex | [] | + freedink | [] [] [] [] | + fusionforge | | + gas | [] | + gawk | [] () [] | + gcal | | + gcc | | + gdbm | | + gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gettext-tools | [] [] [] | + gjay | [] | + glunarclock | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gnubiff | [] [] () | + gnubik | [] [] [] | + gnucash | () () () () () | + gnuchess | | + gnulib | [] [] [] [] [] | + gnunet | | + gnunet-gtk | | + gold | [] [] | + gphoto2 | [] [] [] [] | + gprof | [] [] [] [] | + gramadoir | [] [] [] | + grep | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + grub | [] [] [] | + gsasl | [] [] [] [] [] | + gss | [] [] [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-bad | [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gstreamer | [] [] [] [] [] | + gtick | [] [] [] [] [] | + gtkam | [] [] [] [] [] | + gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + guix | | + guix-packages | | + gutenprint | [] [] [] | + hello | [] [] [] [] [] | + help2man | [] [] [] | + help2man-texi | | + hylafax | [] | + idutils | [] [] | + iso_15924 | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + iso_3166 | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + iso_3166_2 | [] [] | + iso_4217 | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + iso_639 | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + iso_639_3 | [] [] | + iso_639_5 | | + jwhois | [] [] [] [] | + kbd | [] [] [] | + klavaro | [] [] [] [] [] | + ld | [] [] [] [] | + leafpad | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] () | + libc | [] [] [] [] [] | + libexif | [] | + libextractor | | + libgnutls | [] | + libgphoto2 | [] [] | + libgphoto2_port | [] [] | + libgsasl | [] [] [] [] | + libiconv | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + libidn | [] [] [] [] | + liferea | [] [] [] [] [] | + lilypond | [] | + lordsawar | | + lprng | [] | + lynx | [] [] [] [] | + m4 | [] [] [] [] [] | + mailfromd | | + mailutils | | + make | [] [] [] [] | + man-db | [] [] | + man-db-manpages | [] [] | + midi-instruments | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + minicom | [] [] [] | + mkisofs | [] [] | + myserver | [] | + nano | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + opcodes | [] [] [] | + parted | [] [] [] [] [] | + pies | | + pnmixer | [] [] | + popt | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + procps-ng | | + procps-ng-man | | + psmisc | [] [] [] [] | + pspp | [] [] | + pushover | [] | + pwdutils | [] | + pyspread | | + radius | [] | + recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + recutils | | + rpm | [] | + rush | [] | + sarg | | + sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + sharutils | | + shishi | | + skribilo | [] | + solfege | [] [] | + solfege-manual | | + spotmachine | | + sudo | [] [] [] [] | + sudoers | [] [] [] | + sysstat | [] [] [] [] | + tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + texinfo | [] [] [] | + texinfo_document | [] [] [] | + tigervnc | | + tin | | + tin-man | | + tracgoogleappsa... | [] [] [] [] | + trader | [] [] | + util-linux | [] | + ve | [] | + vice | () () | + vmm | | + vorbis-tools | [] [] | + wastesedge | [] | + wcd | | + wcd-man | | + wdiff | [] [] [] | + wget | [] [] [] [] | + wyslij-po | [] [] [] | + xboard | | + xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + +-------------------------------------------------+ + ga gd gl gu he hi hr hu hy ia id is it ja ka kk + 35 2 47 4 8 2 60 71 2 6 81 11 87 57 0 3 + + kn ko ku ky lg lt lv mk ml mn mr ms mt nb ne nl + +--------------------------------------------------+ + a2ps | [] [] | + aegis | [] | + anubis | [] [] [] | + aspell | [] [] | + bash | [] [] | + bfd | | + binutils | | + bison | [] | + bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + buzztrax | | + ccd2cue | | + ccide | [] [] | + cflow | [] | + clisp | [] | + coreutils | [] [] | + cpio | [] | + cppi | | + cpplib | [] | + cryptsetup | [] | + datamash | [] [] | + denemo | | + dfarc | [] [] | + dialog | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + dico | | + diffutils | [] [] [] | + dink | [] | + direvent | [] | + doodle | [] | + dos2unix | [] [] | + dos2unix-man | [] | + e2fsprogs | [] | + enscript | [] | + exif | [] [] [] | + fetchmail | [] | + findutils | [] [] | + flex | [] | + freedink | [] [] | + fusionforge | | + gas | | + gawk | [] | + gcal | | + gcc | | + gdbm | | + gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gettext-runtime | [] [] [] | + gettext-tools | [] | + gjay | | + glunarclock | [] [] | + gnubiff | [] | + gnubik | [] [] | + gnucash | () () () () () () () [] | + gnuchess | [] [] | + gnulib | [] | + gnunet | | + gnunet-gtk | | + gold | | + gphoto2 | [] | + gprof | [] [] | + gramadoir | [] | + grep | [] [] | + grub | [] [] [] | + gsasl | [] | + gss | | + gst-plugins-bad | [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] | + gstreamer | [] [] [] | + gtick | [] | + gtkam | [] [] | + gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + guix | | + guix-packages | | + gutenprint | [] | + hello | [] [] [] | + help2man | [] | + help2man-texi | | + hylafax | [] | + idutils | [] | + iso_15924 | () [] [] | + iso_3166 | [] [] [] () [] [] [] [] [] [] | + iso_3166_2 | () [] | + iso_4217 | () [] [] [] | + iso_639 | [] [] () [] [] [] [] | + iso_639_3 | [] () [] | + iso_639_5 | () | + jwhois | [] [] | + kbd | [] | + klavaro | [] [] | + ld | | + leafpad | [] [] [] [] [] | + libc | [] [] | + libexif | [] | + libextractor | [] | + libgnutls | [] [] | + libgphoto2 | [] | + libgphoto2_port | [] | + libgsasl | [] | + libiconv | [] [] | + libidn | [] | + liferea | [] [] [] | + lilypond | [] | + lordsawar | | + lprng | | + lynx | [] | + m4 | [] | + mailfromd | | + mailutils | | + make | [] [] | + man-db | [] | + man-db-manpages | [] | + midi-instruments | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + minicom | [] | + mkisofs | [] | + myserver | | + nano | [] [] [] | + opcodes | [] | + parted | [] [] | + pies | | + pnmixer | [] | + popt | [] [] [] [] [] | + procps-ng | | + procps-ng-man | | + psmisc | [] | + pspp | [] [] | + pushover | | + pwdutils | [] | + pyspread | | + radius | [] | + recode | [] [] | + recutils | [] | + rpm | [] | + rush | [] | + sarg | | + sed | [] [] | + sharutils | [] | + shishi | | + skribilo | | + solfege | [] [] | + solfege-manual | [] | + spotmachine | [] | + sudo | [] [] [] | + sudoers | [] [] [] | + sysstat | [] [] | + tar | [] [] [] | + texinfo | [] | + texinfo_document | [] | + tigervnc | [] | + tin | | + tin-man | | + tracgoogleappsa... | [] [] [] | + trader | [] | + util-linux | [] | + ve | [] | + vice | [] | + vmm | [] | + vorbis-tools | [] | + wastesedge | [] | + wcd | [] | + wcd-man | [] | + wdiff | [] | + wget | [] [] | + wyslij-po | [] | + xboard | [] | + xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + kn ko ku ky lg lt lv mk ml mn mr ms mt nb ne nl + 5 15 4 6 0 13 23 3 3 3 4 11 2 42 1 125 + + nn or pa pl ps pt pt_BR ro ru rw sk sl sq sr + +------------------------------------------------+ + a2ps | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + aegis | [] [] | + anubis | [] [] [] | + aspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + bash | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + bfd | [] [] | + binutils | [] [] | + bison | [] [] [] | + bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + buzztrax | [] | + ccd2cue | [] [] | + ccide | [] [] [] | + cflow | [] [] [] | + clisp | [] | + coreutils | [] [] [] [] | + cpio | [] [] [] | + cppi | [] [] [] | + cpplib | [] [] [] | + cryptsetup | [] [] [] | + datamash | [] [] | + denemo | | + dfarc | [] [] [] | + dialog | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + dico | [] | + diffutils | [] [] [] | + dink | | + direvent | [] [] [] | + doodle | [] [] | + dos2unix | [] [] [] [] | + dos2unix-man | [] [] | + e2fsprogs | [] | + enscript | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + exif | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + fetchmail | [] [] [] | + findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + flex | [] [] [] [] [] | + freedink | [] [] [] [] [] | + fusionforge | | + gas | | + gawk | [] | + gcal | | + gcc | | + gdbm | [] [] [] | + gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gettext-tools | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gjay | [] | + glunarclock | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gnubiff | [] | + gnubik | [] [] [] [] | + gnucash | () () () () () [] | + gnuchess | [] [] | + gnulib | [] [] [] [] [] | + gnunet | | + gnunet-gtk | | + gold | | + gphoto2 | [] [] [] [] [] | + gprof | [] [] [] [] | + gramadoir | [] [] | + grep | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + grub | [] [] [] [] [] | + gsasl | [] [] [] | + gss | [] [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-bad | [] [] [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gstreamer | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gtick | [] [] [] [] [] | + gtkam | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + guix | | + guix-packages | | + gutenprint | [] [] | + hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + help2man | [] [] [] [] | + help2man-texi | [] | + hylafax | | + idutils | [] [] [] | + iso_15924 | [] () [] [] [] [] | + iso_3166 | [] [] [] [] () [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + iso_3166_2 | [] () [] | + iso_4217 | [] [] () [] [] [] [] [] | + iso_639 | [] [] [] () [] [] [] [] [] [] | + iso_639_3 | [] () | + iso_639_5 | () [] | + jwhois | [] [] [] [] | + kbd | [] [] | + klavaro | [] [] [] [] [] | + ld | | + leafpad | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + libc | [] [] [] | + libexif | [] () [] | + libextractor | [] | + libgnutls | [] | + libgphoto2 | [] | + libgphoto2_port | [] [] [] [] [] | + libgsasl | [] [] [] [] | + libiconv | [] [] [] [] [] | + libidn | [] [] [] | + liferea | [] [] [] [] () [] [] | + lilypond | | + lordsawar | | + lprng | [] | + lynx | [] [] | + m4 | [] [] [] [] [] | + mailfromd | [] | + mailutils | [] | + make | [] [] [] | + man-db | [] [] [] | + man-db-manpages | [] [] [] | + midi-instruments | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + minicom | [] [] [] [] | + mkisofs | [] [] [] | + myserver | [] [] | + nano | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + opcodes | | + parted | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + pies | [] | + pnmixer | [] | + popt | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + procps-ng | [] | + procps-ng-man | [] | + psmisc | [] [] [] [] | + pspp | [] [] | + pushover | | + pwdutils | [] | + pyspread | [] [] | + radius | [] [] | + recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + recutils | [] [] | + rpm | [] | + rush | [] [] [] | + sarg | [] [] | + sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + sharutils | [] [] [] | + shishi | [] [] | + skribilo | [] | + solfege | [] [] [] | + solfege-manual | [] [] | + spotmachine | [] [] | + sudo | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + sudoers | [] [] [] [] | + sysstat | [] [] [] [] [] | + tar | [] [] [] [] [] | + texinfo | [] [] [] | + texinfo_document | [] [] | + tigervnc | [] [] [] | + tin | [] | + tin-man | | + tracgoogleappsa... | [] [] [] [] | + trader | [] [] | + util-linux | [] [] | + ve | [] [] [] | + vice | | + vmm | | + vorbis-tools | [] [] [] | + wastesedge | | + wcd | | + wcd-man | | + wdiff | [] [] [] [] [] | + wget | [] [] [] [] [] | + wyslij-po | [] [] [] [] | + xboard | [] [] [] | + xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] [] | + +------------------------------------------------+ + nn or pa pl ps pt pt_BR ro ru rw sk sl sq sr + 7 3 6 114 1 12 88 32 82 3 40 45 7 101 + + sv sw ta te tg th tr uk ur vi wa wo zh_CN + +----------------------------------------------+ + a2ps | [] [] [] [] [] | + aegis | [] | + anubis | [] [] [] [] | + aspell | [] [] [] [] [] | + bash | [] [] [] [] | + bfd | [] [] [] | + binutils | [] [] [] | + bison | [] [] [] [] | + bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + buzztrax | [] [] [] | + ccd2cue | [] [] [] | + ccide | [] [] [] [] | + cflow | [] [] [] [] | + clisp | | + coreutils | [] [] [] | + cpio | [] [] [] [] [] | + cppi | [] [] [] [] | + cpplib | [] [] [] [] [] | + cryptsetup | [] [] [] | + datamash | [] [] [] | + denemo | [] | + dfarc | [] [] | + dialog | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + dico | [] | + diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] | + dink | [] | + direvent | [] [] | + doodle | [] [] | + dos2unix | [] [] [] [] | + dos2unix-man | [] [] [] | + e2fsprogs | [] [] [] [] | + enscript | [] [] [] [] | + exif | [] [] [] [] [] | + fetchmail | [] [] [] [] | + findutils | [] [] [] [] [] | + flex | [] [] [] [] | + freedink | [] [] [] | + fusionforge | | + gas | [] | + gawk | [] [] [] | + gcal | [] [] [] | + gcc | [] | + gdbm | [] [] | + gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] | + gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] | + gettext-tools | [] [] [] [] [] | + gjay | [] [] [] | + glunarclock | [] [] [] [] | + gnubiff | [] [] | + gnubik | [] [] [] [] | + gnucash | () () () () [] | + gnuchess | [] [] [] | + gnulib | [] [] [] [] | + gnunet | | + gnunet-gtk | | + gold | [] [] | + gphoto2 | [] [] [] [] | + gprof | [] [] [] [] | + gramadoir | [] [] [] | + grep | [] [] [] [] [] | + grub | [] [] [] [] | + gsasl | [] [] [] [] | + gss | [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-bad | [] [] [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] [] | + gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] | + gstreamer | [] [] [] [] [] | + gtick | [] [] [] | + gtkam | [] [] [] [] | + gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + guix | | + guix-packages | | + gutenprint | [] [] [] [] | + hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + help2man | [] [] [] | + help2man-texi | [] | + hylafax | [] | + idutils | [] [] [] | + iso_15924 | [] () [] [] () [] | + iso_3166 | [] [] () [] [] () [] [] | + iso_3166_2 | () [] [] () [] | + iso_4217 | [] () [] [] () [] | + iso_639 | [] [] [] () [] [] () [] [] | + iso_639_3 | [] () [] [] () | + iso_639_5 | () [] () | + jwhois | [] [] [] [] | + kbd | [] [] [] [] | + klavaro | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + ld | [] [] [] [] [] | + leafpad | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + libc | [] [] [] [] [] | + libexif | [] [] () | + libextractor | [] [] | + libgnutls | [] [] [] [] | + libgphoto2 | [] [] [] | + libgphoto2_port | [] [] [] [] | + libgsasl | [] [] [] [] | + libiconv | [] [] [] [] [] | + libidn | () [] [] [] | + liferea | [] [] [] [] [] | + lilypond | [] | + lordsawar | | + lprng | [] | + lynx | [] [] [] [] | + m4 | [] [] [] | + mailfromd | [] [] | + mailutils | [] | + make | [] [] [] [] | + man-db | [] [] [] | + man-db-manpages | [] [] | + midi-instruments | [] [] [] [] [] [] | + minicom | [] [] | + mkisofs | [] [] [] | + myserver | [] | + nano | [] [] [] [] | + opcodes | [] [] [] | + parted | [] [] [] [] [] | + pies | [] [] | + pnmixer | [] [] [] | + popt | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + procps-ng | [] [] | + procps-ng-man | [] | + psmisc | [] [] [] [] | + pspp | [] [] [] | + pushover | [] | + pwdutils | [] [] | + pyspread | [] | + radius | [] [] | + recode | [] [] [] [] | + recutils | [] [] [] | + rpm | [] [] [] [] | + rush | [] [] | + sarg | | + sed | [] [] [] [] [] | + sharutils | [] [] [] [] | + shishi | [] [] | + skribilo | [] [] | + solfege | [] [] [] [] | + solfege-manual | [] | + spotmachine | [] [] [] | + sudo | [] [] [] [] [] | + sudoers | [] [] [] [] | + sysstat | [] [] [] [] [] | + tar | [] [] [] [] [] | + texinfo | [] [] [] | + texinfo_document | [] | + tigervnc | [] [] [] | + tin | [] | + tin-man | | + tracgoogleappsa... | [] [] [] [] [] | + trader | [] | + util-linux | [] [] [] [] | + ve | [] [] [] [] | + vice | () () | + vmm | | + vorbis-tools | [] [] | + wastesedge | | + wcd | [] [] [] | + wcd-man | [] | + wdiff | [] [] [] [] | + wget | [] [] [] | + wyslij-po | [] [] | + xboard | [] [] | + xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | + xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] [] | + +----------------------------------------------+ + sv sw ta te tg th tr uk ur vi wa wo zh_CN + 106 1 4 3 0 13 51 115 1 125 7 1 100 + + zh_HK zh_TW + +-------------+ + a2ps | | 30 + aegis | | 9 + anubis | | 19 + aspell | | 29 + bash | [] | 23 + bfd | | 11 + binutils | | 12 + bison | [] | 18 + bison-runtime | [] | 38 + buzztrax | | 9 + ccd2cue | | 10 + ccide | | 17 + cflow | | 16 + clisp | | 10 + coreutils | | 18 + cpio | | 20 + cppi | | 17 + cpplib | [] | 19 + cryptsetup | | 14 + datamash | | 11 + denemo | | 5 + dfarc | | 17 + dialog | [] | 42 + dico | | 6 + diffutils | | 22 + dink | | 10 + direvent | | 11 + doodle | | 12 + dos2unix | [] | 18 + dos2unix-man | | 9 + e2fsprogs | | 15 + enscript | | 21 + exif | | 27 + fetchmail | | 19 + findutils | | 29 + flex | [] | 19 + freedink | | 24 + fusionforge | | 3 + gas | | 5 + gawk | | 13 + gcal | | 8 + gcc | | 2 + gdbm | | 10 + gettext-examples | [] [] | 40 + gettext-runtime | [] [] | 35 + gettext-tools | [] | 24 + gjay | | 9 + glunarclock | [] | 27 + gnubiff | | 9 + gnubik | | 19 + gnucash | () | 6 + gnuchess | | 11 + gnulib | | 23 + gnunet | | 1 + gnunet-gtk | | 1 + gold | | 7 + gphoto2 | [] | 19 + gprof | | 21 + gramadoir | | 14 + grep | [] | 31 + grub | | 21 + gsasl | [] | 19 + gss | | 17 + gst-plugins-bad | | 21 + gst-plugins-base | | 27 + gst-plugins-good | | 32 + gst-plugins-ugly | | 34 + gstreamer | [] | 32 + gtick | | 19 + gtkam | | 24 + gtkspell | [] [] | 48 + guix | | 2 + guix-packages | | 0 + gutenprint | | 15 + hello | [] | 30 + help2man | | 18 + help2man-texi | | 5 + hylafax | | 5 + idutils | | 14 + iso_15924 | [] | 23 + iso_3166 | [] [] | 58 + iso_3166_2 | | 9 + iso_4217 | [] [] | 28 + iso_639 | [] [] | 46 + iso_639_3 | | 10 + iso_639_5 | | 2 + jwhois | [] | 20 + kbd | | 17 + klavaro | | 30 + ld | [] | 15 + leafpad | [] | 39 + libc | [] | 24 + libexif | | 10 + libextractor | | 5 + libgnutls | | 13 + libgphoto2 | | 10 + libgphoto2_port | [] | 19 + libgsasl | | 18 + libiconv | [] | 29 + libidn | | 17 + liferea | | 29 + lilypond | | 11 + lordsawar | | 3 + lprng | | 3 + lynx | | 19 + m4 | [] | 22 + mailfromd | | 4 + mailutils | | 6 + make | | 19 + man-db | | 15 + man-db-manpages | | 10 + midi-instruments | [] | 43 + minicom | [] | 17 + mkisofs | | 13 + myserver | | 9 + nano | [] | 30 + opcodes | | 12 + parted | [] | 23 + pies | | 4 + pnmixer | | 9 + popt | [] | 36 + procps-ng | | 5 + procps-ng-man | | 4 + psmisc | [] | 22 + pspp | | 13 + pushover | | 6 + pwdutils | | 8 + pyspread | | 6 + radius | | 9 + recode | | 31 + recutils | | 10 + rpm | [] | 13 + rush | | 10 + sarg | | 4 + sed | [] | 35 + sharutils | | 13 + shishi | | 7 + skribilo | | 7 + solfege | | 21 + solfege-manual | | 9 + spotmachine | | 11 + sudo | | 26 + sudoers | | 22 + sysstat | | 23 + tar | [] | 30 + texinfo | | 17 + texinfo_document | | 13 + tigervnc | | 14 + tin | [] | 7 + tin-man | | 1 + tracgoogleappsa... | [] | 22 + trader | | 12 + util-linux | | 13 + ve | | 14 + vice | | 1 + vmm | | 3 + vorbis-tools | | 13 + wastesedge | | 3 + wcd | | 8 + wcd-man | | 3 + wdiff | [] | 23 + wget | | 21 + wyslij-po | | 14 + xboard | | 10 + xdg-user-dirs | [] [] | 68 + xkeyboard-config | [] | 28 + +-------------+ + 89 teams zh_HK zh_TW + 166 domains 7 42 2809 Some counters in the preceding matrix are higher than the number of visible blocks let us expect. This is because a few extra PO files are @@ -594,32 +1350,30 @@ used for implementing regional variants of languages, or language dialects. For a PO file in the matrix above to be effective, the package to -which it applies should also have been internationalized and -distributed as such by its maintainer. There might be an observable -lag between the mere existence a PO file and its wide availability in a -distribution. +which it applies should also have been internationalized and distributed +as such by its maintainer. There might be an observable lag between the +mere existence a PO file and its wide availability in a distribution. - If May 2003 seems to be old, you may fetch a more recent copy of -this `ABOUT-NLS' file on most GNU archive sites. The most up-to-date -matrix with full percentage details can be found at -`http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/contrib/po/HTML/matrix.html'. + If Jun 2014 seems to be old, you may fetch a more recent copy of this +'ABOUT-NLS' file on most GNU archive sites. The most up-to-date matrix +with full percentage details can be found at +'http://translationproject.org/extra/matrix.html'. -Using `gettext' in new packages -=============================== +1.5 Using 'gettext' in new packages +=================================== - If you are writing a freely available program and want to -internationalize it you are welcome to use GNU `gettext' in your -package. Of course you have to respect the GNU Library General Public -License which covers the use of the GNU `gettext' library. This means -in particular that even non-free programs can use `libintl' as a shared -library, whereas only free software can use `libintl' as a static -library or use modified versions of `libintl'. +If you are writing a freely available program and want to +internationalize it you are welcome to use GNU 'gettext' in your +package. Of course you have to respect the GNU Lesser General Public +License which covers the use of the GNU 'gettext' library. This means +in particular that even non-free programs can use 'libintl' as a shared +library, whereas only free software can use 'libintl' as a static +library or use modified versions of 'libintl'. Once the sources are changed appropriately and the setup can handle -the use of `gettext' the only thing missing are the translations. The +the use of 'gettext' the only thing missing are the translations. The Free Translation Project is also available for packages which are not developed inside the GNU project. Therefore the information given above applies also for every other Free Software Project. Contact -`translation@iro.umontreal.ca' to make the `.pot' files available to -the translation teams. - +'coordinator@translationproject.org' to make the '.pot' files available +to the translation teams. diff --git a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog index 89bf32c8..8e8ea670 100644 --- a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog +++ b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog @@ -3984,3 +3984,113 @@ doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi} - indirect expansion: clarify that the expansion works on parameters, not just variables (NAMEs). Suggested by konsolebox + + 7/16 + ---- +doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi} + - INSIDE_EMACS: document its effect on line editing + + 7/17 + ---- +lib/readline/{readline.c,rlprivate.h} + - _rl_eof_found: new variable, private to the readline library, that + indicates whether the current call to readline() will return NULL + because we read EOF + +lib/readline/rltty.c + - rl_deprep_terminal: if bracketed paste mode is active, the last + character of the string to disable it is \r (to avoid confusing + the terminal driver about where the cursor is). In this case, + output a newline before returning so subsequent text (like the + `exit' bash prints) doesn't overwrite the prompt. Bug from + https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=903936 + +variables.c + - make_local_assoc_variable: add second argument like corresponding + local array function, to allow this function to return an existing + local array variable to the caller for the caller to handle + +variables.h + - make_local_assoc_variable: change function prototype to add second + arg + +{subst.c,variables.c} + - make_local_assoc_variable: change callers + +builtins/declare.def + - declare_internal: call make_local_assoc_variable with a non-zero + second arg to have it return an existing local array variable to be + flagged as an error. Fixes bug reported by Grisha Levit + + - declare_internal: call make_local_array_variable with unconditional + second argument of 1 for the same reason as above + + 7/18 + ---- +variables.c + - bind_invalid_envvar: new function, takes invalid names from the + initial environment (names that are not valid shell identifiers) and + stores them in a separate hash table (invalid_env) + - maybe_make_export_env: make sure to add names from invalid_env to + the export env + - assign_in_env: for now, prevent variable names that aren't shell + identifiers from being added to the temporary environment. Addresses + issue raised by Grisha Levit + +test.c + - unary_test: rearrange code slightly to avoid a wasted variable lookup + if the argument to -v is a subscripted array reference + + 7/19 + ---- +variables.c + - nameref_transform_name: if a name doesn't resolve to a shell variable, + this function will check whether it resolves to a nameref that + points to a variable that hasn't been created yet + +variables.h + - nameref_transform_name: extern declaration + +subst.c + - do_compound_assignment: make sure that we follow any nameref chain + if the name passed resolves to a nameref that points to a variable + that doesn't exist. Fixes issue raised by Grisha Levit + + +builtins/declare.def + - declare_internal: before calling any variant of make_local_variable, + make sure to perform any transformation of the name indicated by an + existing nameref. Fixes issue raised by Grisha Levit + + + 7/20 + ---- +builtins/declare.def + - declare_internal: if we are creating a global variable with -g, even + if we're not giving it a value, check for namerefs at the global + scope to avoid confusion with namerefs at the local (function) scope. + +subst.c + - expand_word_internal: if a double-quoted string expands to nothing, + make sure we note that for later by setting had_quoted_null, just + as we do for single-quoted empty strings + +subst.[ch] + - W_SAWQUOTEDNULL: new flag (replaces W_HASCTLESC, which is unused), + means that we saw a possibly-discarded quoted null while expanding + this word + +subst.c + - expand_word_internal: if expansion results in a non-empty word but + we saw a quoted null during expansion (had_quoted_null == 1), set + W_SAWQUOTED_NULL in the returned word + - expand_word_internal: if a recursive call to param_expand comes back + with W_SAWQUOTEDNULL set in the resulting word, set had_quoted_null + to note it + - parameter_brace_expand_rhs: if a recursive call to expand_word_internal + returns a non-quoted-null string (after an optional call to + string_list) make sure we pass the W_SAWQUOTEDNULL flag back to the + caller + - word_list_split: if a word expands to nothing after expansion and + splitting, but we saw a quoted null during the expansion + (W_SAWQUOTEDNULL), return an empty word diff --git a/MANIFEST b/MANIFEST index 61f7cbf1..2fe3081e 100644 --- a/MANIFEST +++ b/MANIFEST @@ -882,6 +882,7 @@ tests/assoc6.sub f tests/assoc7.sub f tests/assoc8.sub f tests/assoc9.sub f +tests/assoc10.sub f tests/attr.tests f tests/attr.right f tests/attr1.sub f @@ -1139,6 +1140,7 @@ tests/nameref16.sub f tests/nameref17.sub f tests/nameref18.sub f tests/nameref19.sub f +tests/nameref20.sub f tests/nameref.right f tests/new-exp.tests f tests/new-exp1.sub f @@ -1203,6 +1205,7 @@ tests/procsub1.sub f tests/quote.tests f tests/quote.right f tests/quote1.sub f +tests/quote2.sub f tests/read.tests f tests/read.right f tests/read1.sub f @@ -1369,6 +1372,7 @@ tests/varenv9.sub f tests/varenv10.sub f tests/varenv11.sub f tests/varenv12.sub f +tests/varenv13.sub f tests/version f tests/version.mini f tests/vredir.tests f diff --git a/builtins/declare.def b/builtins/declare.def index 4c9ce4e9..27b30d14 100644 --- a/builtins/declare.def +++ b/builtins/declare.def @@ -440,19 +440,25 @@ restart_new_var_name: refvar = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL; if (variable_context && mkglobal == 0 && ((flags_on & att_function) == 0)) { + char *newname; + /* check name for validity here? */ + var = find_variable (name); + newname = (var == 0) ? nameref_transform_name (name, ASS_MKLOCAL) : name; #if defined (ARRAY_VARS) + /* Pass 1 as second argument to make_local_{assoc,array}_variable + return an existing {array,assoc} variable to be flagged as an + error below. */ if (flags_on & att_assoc) - var = make_local_assoc_variable (name); + var = make_local_assoc_variable (newname, 1); else if ((flags_on & att_array) || making_array_special) - var = make_local_array_variable (name, making_array_special); + var = make_local_array_variable (newname, 1); else #endif if (offset == 0 && (flags_on & att_nameref)) { /* First look for refvar at current scope */ refvar = find_variable_last_nameref (name, 1); - var = find_variable (name); /* VARIABLE_CONTEXT != 0, so we are attempting to create or modify the attributes for a local variable at the same scope. If we've used a reference from a previous context to resolve VAR, we @@ -471,7 +477,8 @@ restart_new_var_name: } else /* XXX - check name for validity here with valid_nameref_value */ - var = make_local_variable (name, 0); /* sets att_invisible for new vars */ + var = make_local_variable ((flags_on & att_nameref) ? name : newname, 0); /* sets att_invisible for new vars */ + if (var == 0) { any_failed++; @@ -623,14 +630,14 @@ restart_new_var_name: } #endif - /* See if we are trying to set flags or value for an existing nameref - that points to a non-existent variable: e.g., + /* See if we are trying to set flags or value (or create) for an + existing nameref that points to a non-existent variable: e.g., declare -n foo=bar unset foo # unsets bar declare -i foo foo=4+4 declare -p foo */ - if (var == 0 && (flags_on || flags_off || offset)) + if (var == 0 && (mkglobal || flags_on || flags_off || offset)) { refvar = mkglobal ? find_global_variable_last_nameref (name, 0) : find_variable_last_nameref (name, 0); if (refvar && nameref_p (refvar) == 0) diff --git a/command.h b/command.h index 85626440..32495162 100644 --- a/command.h +++ b/command.h @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ enum command_type { cm_for, cm_case, cm_while, cm_if, cm_simple, cm_select, #define W_HASQUOTEDNULL 0x040000 /* word contains a quoted null character */ #define W_DQUOTE 0x080000 /* word should be treated as if double-quoted */ #define W_NOPROCSUB 0x100000 /* don't perform process substitution */ -#define W_HASCTLESC 0x200000 /* word contains literal CTLESC characters */ +#define W_SAWQUOTEDNULL 0x200000 /* word contained a quoted null that was removed */ #define W_ASSIGNASSOC 0x400000 /* word looks like associative array assignment */ #define W_ASSIGNARRAY 0x800000 /* word looks like a compound indexed array assignment */ #define W_ARRAYIND 0x1000000 /* word is an array index being expanded */ diff --git a/doc/bash.0 b/doc/bash.0 index 883703d8..fef9bb0c 100644 --- a/doc/bash.0 +++ b/doc/bash.0 @@ -382,24 +382,24 @@ SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR An additional binary operator, ==~~, is available, with the same precedence as ==== and !!==. When it is used, the string to the - right of the operator is considered an extended regular expres- - sion and matched accordingly (as in _r_e_g_e_x(3)). The return value - is 0 if the string matches the pattern, and 1 otherwise. If the - regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional - expression's return value is 2. If the nnooccaasseemmaattcchh shell option - is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of - alphabetic characters. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to - force the quoted portion to be matched as a string. Bracket - expressions in regular expressions must be treated carefully, - since normal quoting characters lose their meanings between - brackets. If the pattern is stored in a shell variable, quoting - the variable expansion forces the entire pattern to be matched - as a string. Substrings matched by parenthesized subexpressions - within the regular expression are saved in the array variable - BBAASSHH__RREEMMAATTCCHH. The element of BBAASSHH__RREEMMAATTCCHH with index 0 is the - portion of the string matching the entire regular expression. - The element of BBAASSHH__RREEMMAATTCCHH with index _n is the portion of the - string matching the _nth parenthesized subexpression. + right of the operator is considered a POSIX extended regular + expression and matched accordingly (as in _r_e_g_e_x(3)). The return + value is 0 if the string matches the pattern, and 1 otherwise. + If the regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the condi- + tional expression's return value is 2. If the nnooccaasseemmaattcchh shell + option is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the + case of alphabetic characters. Any part of the pattern may be + quoted to force the quoted portion to be matched as a string. + Bracket expressions in regular expressions must be treated care- + fully, since normal quoting characters lose their meanings + between brackets. If the pattern is stored in a shell variable, + quoting the variable expansion forces the entire pattern to be + matched as a string. Substrings matched by parenthesized subex- + pressions within the regular expression are saved in the array + variable BBAASSHH__RREEMMAATTCCHH. The element of BBAASSHH__RREEMMAATTCCHH with index 0 + is the portion of the string matching the entire regular expres- + sion. The element of BBAASSHH__RREEMMAATTCCHH with index _n is the portion + of the string matching the _nth parenthesized subexpression. Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed in decreasing order of precedence: @@ -812,18 +812,20 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS is pushed onto BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC. The shell sets BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC only when in extended debugging mode (see the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the sshhoopptt builtin below). Setting eexxttddeebbuugg after the - shell has started to execute a script may result in inconsistent - values. + shell has started to execute a script, or referencing this vari- + able when eexxttddeebbuugg is not set, may result in inconsistent val- + ues. BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV - An array variable containing all of the parameters in the cur- + An array variable containing all of the parameters in the cur- rent bbaasshh execution call stack. The final parameter of the last - subroutine call is at the top of the stack; the first parameter + subroutine call is at the top of the stack; the first parameter of the initial call is at the bottom. When a subroutine is exe- - cuted, the parameters supplied are pushed onto BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV. The - shell sets BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV only when in extended debugging mode (see - the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the sshhoopptt builtin + cuted, the parameters supplied are pushed onto BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV. The + shell sets BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV only when in extended debugging mode (see + the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the sshhoopptt builtin below). Setting eexxttddeebbuugg after the shell has started to execute - a script may result in inconsistent values. + a script, or referencing this variable when eexxttddeebbuugg is not set, + may result in inconsistent values. BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV00 When referenced, this variable expands to the name of the shell or shell script (identical to $$00; see the description of special @@ -1603,18 +1605,18 @@ EEXXPPAANNSSIIOONN (AArrrraayyss). If the first character of _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is an exclamation point (!!), and - _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is not a _n_a_m_e_r_e_f, it introduces a level of variable indirec- - tion. BBaasshh uses the value of the variable formed from the rest of - _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r as the name of the variable; this variable is then expanded - and that value is used in the rest of the substitution, rather than the - value of _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r itself. This is known as _i_n_d_i_r_e_c_t _e_x_p_a_n_s_i_o_n. The - value is subject to tilde expansion, parameter expansion, command sub- - stitution, and arithmetic expansion. If _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is a nameref, this - expands to the name of the variable referenced by _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r instead of - performing the complete indirect expansion. The exceptions to this are - the expansions of ${!!_p_r_e_f_i_x**} and ${!!_n_a_m_e[_@]} described below. The - exclamation point must immediately follow the left brace in order to - introduce indirection. + _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is not a _n_a_m_e_r_e_f, it introduces a level of indirection. BBaasshh + uses the value formed by expanding the rest of _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r as the new + _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r; this is then expanded and that value is used in the rest of + the expansion, rather than the expansion of the original _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r. + This is known as _i_n_d_i_r_e_c_t _e_x_p_a_n_s_i_o_n. The value is subject to tilde + expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic + expansion. If _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is a nameref, this expands to the name of the + parameter referenced by _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r instead of performing the complete + indirect expansion. The exceptions to this are the expansions of + ${!!_p_r_e_f_i_x**} and ${!!_n_a_m_e[_@]} described below. The exclamation point + must immediately follow the left brace in order to introduce indirec- + tion. In each of the cases below, _w_o_r_d is subject to tilde expansion, parame- ter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion. diff --git a/doc/bash.1 b/doc/bash.1 index 73bd9204..c3109783 100644 --- a/doc/bash.1 +++ b/doc/bash.1 @@ -2286,6 +2286,11 @@ startup file, overriding the default of .B READLINE below). .TP +.B INSIDE_EMACS +If this variable appears in the environment when the shell starts, +\fBbash\fP assumes that it is running inside an Emacs shell buffer +and may disable line editing, depending on the value of \fBTERM\fP. +.TP .B LANG Used to determine the locale category for any category not specifically selected with a variable starting with \fBLC_\fP. diff --git a/doc/bash.html b/doc/bash.html index 3c4a7740..51410c32 100644 --- a/doc/bash.html +++ b/doc/bash.html @@ -965,7 +965,7 @@ to be matched as a string. An additional binary operator, =~, is available, with the same precedence as == and !=. When it is used, the string to the right of the operator is considered -an extended regular expression and matched accordingly (as in regex(3)). +a POSIX extended regular expression and matched accordingly (as in regex(3)). The return value is 0 if the string matches the pattern, and 1 otherwise. If the regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional @@ -1929,7 +1929,8 @@ option to the shopt builtin below). -Setting extdebug after the shell has started to execute a script +Setting extdebug after the shell has started to execute a script, +or referencing this variable when extdebug is not set, may result in inconsistent values.
BASH_ARGV @@ -1954,7 +1955,8 @@ option to the shopt builtin below). -Setting extdebug after the shell has started to execute a script +Setting extdebug after the shell has started to execute a script, +or referencing this variable when extdebug is not set, may result in inconsistent values.
BASH_ARGV0 @@ -3745,16 +3747,16 @@ The parameter is a shell parameter as described above If the first character of parameter is an exclamation point (!), and parameter is not a nameref, -it introduces a level of variable indirection. -Bash uses the value of the variable formed from the rest of -parameter as the name of the variable; this variable is then -expanded and that value is used in the rest of the substitution, rather -than the value of parameter itself. +it introduces a level of indirection. +Bash uses the value formed by expanding the rest of +parameter as the new parameter; this is then +expanded and that value is used in the rest of the expansion, rather +than the expansion of the original parameter. This is known as indirect expansion. The value is subject to tilde expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion. If parameter is a nameref, this expands to the name of the -variable referenced by parameter instead of performing the +parameter referenced by parameter instead of performing the complete indirect expansion. The exceptions to this are the expansions of ${!prefix*} and ${!name[@]} described below. @@ -13975,6 +13977,6 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
This document was created by man2html from bash.1.
-Time: 12 June 2018 15:50:58 EDT +Time: 16 July 2018 10:36:49 EDT diff --git a/doc/bash.info b/doc/bash.info index 8aca1f81..d4fed90c 100644 --- a/doc/bash.info +++ b/doc/bash.info @@ -890,25 +890,25 @@ File: bash.info, Node: Conditional Constructs, Next: Command Grouping, Prev: An additional binary operator, '=~', is available, with the same precedence as '==' and '!='. When it is used, the string to the - right of the operator is considered an extended regular expression - and matched accordingly (as in regex3)). The return value is 0 if - the string matches the pattern, and 1 otherwise. If the regular - expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional expression's - return value is 2. If the 'nocasematch' shell option (see the - description of 'shopt' in *note The Shopt Builtin::) is enabled, - the match is performed without regard to the case of alphabetic - characters. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to force the - quoted portion to be matched as a string. Bracket expressions in - regular expressions must be treated carefully, since normal quoting - characters lose their meanings between brackets. If the pattern is - stored in a shell variable, quoting the variable expansion forces - the entire pattern to be matched as a string. Substrings matched - by parenthesized subexpressions within the regular expression are - saved in the array variable 'BASH_REMATCH'. The element of - 'BASH_REMATCH' with index 0 is the portion of the string matching - the entire regular expression. The element of 'BASH_REMATCH' with - index N is the portion of the string matching the Nth parenthesized - subexpression. + right of the operator is considered a POSIX extended regular + expression and matched accordingly (as in regex3)). The return + value is 0 if the string matches the pattern, and 1 otherwise. If + the regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional + expression's return value is 2. If the 'nocasematch' shell option + (see the description of 'shopt' in *note The Shopt Builtin::) is + enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of + alphabetic characters. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to + force the quoted portion to be matched as a string. Bracket + expressions in regular expressions must be treated carefully, since + normal quoting characters lose their meanings between brackets. If + the pattern is stored in a shell variable, quoting the variable + expansion forces the entire pattern to be matched as a string. + Substrings matched by parenthesized subexpressions within the + regular expression are saved in the array variable 'BASH_REMATCH'. + The element of 'BASH_REMATCH' with index 0 is the portion of the + string matching the entire regular expression. The element of + 'BASH_REMATCH' with index N is the portion of the string matching + the Nth parenthesized subexpression. For example, the following will match a line (stored in the shell variable LINE) if there is a sequence of characters in the value @@ -1670,18 +1670,17 @@ parameter with more than one digit, or when PARAMETER is followed by a character that is not to be interpreted as part of its name. If the first character of PARAMETER is an exclamation point (!), and -PARAMETER is not a NAMEREF, it introduces a level of variable -indirection. Bash uses the value of the variable formed from the rest -of PARAMETER as the name of the variable; this variable is then expanded -and that value is used in the rest of the substitution, rather than the -value of PARAMETER itself. This is known as 'indirect expansion'. The -value is subject to tilde expansion, parameter expansion, command -substitution, and arithmetic expansion. If PARAMETER is a nameref, this -expands to the name of the variable referenced by PARAMETER instead of -performing the complete indirect expansion. The exceptions to this are -the expansions of ${!PREFIX*} and ${!NAME[@]} described below. The -exclamation point must immediately follow the left brace in order to -introduce indirection. +PARAMETER is not a NAMEREF, it introduces a level of indirection. Bash +uses the value formed by expanding the rest of PARAMETER as the new +PARAMETER; this is then expanded and that value is used in the rest of +the expansion, rather than the expansion of the original PARAMETER. +This is known as 'indirect expansion'. The value is subject to tilde +expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic +expansion. If PARAMETER is a nameref, this expands to the name of the +variable referenced by PARAMETER instead of performing the complete +indirect expansion. The exceptions to this are the expansions of +${!PREFIX*} and ${!NAME[@]} described below. The exclamation point must +immediately follow the left brace in order to introduce indirection. In each of the cases below, WORD is subject to tilde expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion. @@ -4843,7 +4842,8 @@ Variables::). onto 'BASH_ARGC'. The shell sets 'BASH_ARGC' only when in extended debugging mode (see *note The Shopt Builtin:: for a description of the 'extdebug' option to the 'shopt' builtin). Setting 'extdebug' - after the shell has started to execute a script may result in + after the shell has started to execute a script, or referencing + this variable when 'extdebug' is not set, may result in inconsistent values. 'BASH_ARGV' @@ -4855,7 +4855,8 @@ Variables::). sets 'BASH_ARGV' only when in extended debugging mode (see *note The Shopt Builtin:: for a description of the 'extdebug' option to the 'shopt' builtin). Setting 'extdebug' after the shell has - started to execute a script may result in inconsistent values. + started to execute a script, or referencing this variable when + 'extdebug' is not set, may result in inconsistent values. 'BASH_ARGV0' When referenced, this variable expands to the name of the shell or @@ -9294,7 +9295,8 @@ previous commands quickly. History expansion is performed immediately after a complete line is read, before the shell breaks it into words, and is performed on each -line individually without taking quoting on previous lines into account. +line individually. Bash attempts to inform the history expansion +functions about quoting still in effect from previous lines. History expansion takes place in two parts. The first is to determine which line from the history list should be used during @@ -9305,10 +9307,20 @@ are called "words". Various "modifiers" are available to manipulate the selected words. The line is broken into words in the same fashion that Bash does, so that several words surrounded by quotes are considered one word. History expansions are introduced by the appearance of the -history expansion character, which is '!' by default. Only '\' and ''' -may be used to escape the history expansion character, but the history -expansion character is also treated as quoted if it immediately precedes -the closing double quote in a double-quoted string. +history expansion character, which is '!' by default. + + History expansion implements shell-like quoting conventions: a +backslash can be used to remove the special handling for the next +character; single quotes enclose verbatim sequences of characters, and +can be used to inhibit history expansion; and characters enclosed within +double quotes may be subject to history expansion, since backslash can +escape the history expansion character, but single quotes may not, since +they are not treated specially within double quotes. + + When using the shell, only '\' and ''' may be used to escape the +history expansion character, but the history expansion character is also +treated as quoted if it immediately precedes the closing double quote in +a double-quoted string. Several shell options settable with the 'shopt' builtin (*note The Shopt Builtin::) may be used to tailor the behavior of history @@ -11062,21 +11074,21 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index * BASHPID: Bash Variables. (line 25) * BASH_ALIASES: Bash Variables. (line 32) * BASH_ARGC: Bash Variables. (line 41) -* BASH_ARGV: Bash Variables. (line 53) -* BASH_ARGV0: Bash Variables. (line 64) -* BASH_CMDS: Bash Variables. (line 72) -* BASH_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 81) -* BASH_COMPAT: Bash Variables. (line 86) -* BASH_ENV: Bash Variables. (line 101) -* BASH_EXECUTION_STRING: Bash Variables. (line 107) -* BASH_LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 110) -* BASH_LOADABLES_PATH: Bash Variables. (line 118) -* BASH_REMATCH: Bash Variables. (line 122) -* BASH_SOURCE: Bash Variables. (line 130) -* BASH_SUBSHELL: Bash Variables. (line 137) -* BASH_VERSINFO: Bash Variables. (line 142) -* BASH_VERSION: Bash Variables. (line 165) -* BASH_XTRACEFD: Bash Variables. (line 168) +* BASH_ARGV: Bash Variables. (line 54) +* BASH_ARGV0: Bash Variables. (line 66) +* BASH_CMDS: Bash Variables. (line 74) +* BASH_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 83) +* BASH_COMPAT: Bash Variables. (line 88) +* BASH_ENV: Bash Variables. (line 103) +* BASH_EXECUTION_STRING: Bash Variables. (line 109) +* BASH_LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 112) +* BASH_LOADABLES_PATH: Bash Variables. (line 120) +* BASH_REMATCH: Bash Variables. (line 124) +* BASH_SOURCE: Bash Variables. (line 132) +* BASH_SUBSHELL: Bash Variables. (line 139) +* BASH_VERSINFO: Bash Variables. (line 144) +* BASH_VERSION: Bash Variables. (line 167) +* BASH_XTRACEFD: Bash Variables. (line 170) * bell-style: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 38) * bind-tty-special-chars: Readline Init File Syntax. @@ -11085,12 +11097,12 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index (line 50) * CDPATH: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 9) -* CHILD_MAX: Bash Variables. (line 179) +* CHILD_MAX: Bash Variables. (line 181) * colored-completion-prefix: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 55) * colored-stats: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 62) -* COLUMNS: Bash Variables. (line 186) +* COLUMNS: Bash Variables. (line 188) * comment-begin: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 68) * completion-display-width: Readline Init File Syntax. @@ -11103,90 +11115,90 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index (line 91) * completion-query-items: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 98) -* COMPREPLY: Bash Variables. (line 238) -* COMP_CWORD: Bash Variables. (line 192) -* COMP_KEY: Bash Variables. (line 221) -* COMP_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 198) -* COMP_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 203) -* COMP_TYPE: Bash Variables. (line 211) -* COMP_WORDBREAKS: Bash Variables. (line 225) -* COMP_WORDS: Bash Variables. (line 231) +* COMPREPLY: Bash Variables. (line 240) +* COMP_CWORD: Bash Variables. (line 194) +* COMP_KEY: Bash Variables. (line 223) +* COMP_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 200) +* COMP_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 205) +* COMP_TYPE: Bash Variables. (line 213) +* COMP_WORDBREAKS: Bash Variables. (line 227) +* COMP_WORDS: Bash Variables. (line 233) * convert-meta: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 108) -* COPROC: Bash Variables. (line 244) -* DIRSTACK: Bash Variables. (line 248) +* COPROC: Bash Variables. (line 246) +* DIRSTACK: Bash Variables. (line 250) * disable-completion: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 116) * echo-control-characters: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 121) * editing-mode: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 126) -* EMACS: Bash Variables. (line 258) +* EMACS: Bash Variables. (line 260) * emacs-mode-string: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 132) * enable-bracketed-paste: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 142) * enable-keypad: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 150) -* ENV: Bash Variables. (line 263) -* EPOCHREALTIME: Bash Variables. (line 267) -* EPOCHSECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 275) -* EUID: Bash Variables. (line 282) -* EXECIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 286) +* ENV: Bash Variables. (line 265) +* EPOCHREALTIME: Bash Variables. (line 269) +* EPOCHSECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 277) +* EUID: Bash Variables. (line 284) +* EXECIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 288) * expand-tilde: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 161) -* FCEDIT: Bash Variables. (line 299) -* FIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 303) -* FUNCNAME: Bash Variables. (line 309) -* FUNCNEST: Bash Variables. (line 326) -* GLOBIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 331) -* GROUPS: Bash Variables. (line 338) -* histchars: Bash Variables. (line 344) -* HISTCMD: Bash Variables. (line 359) -* HISTCONTROL: Bash Variables. (line 364) -* HISTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 380) -* HISTFILESIZE: Bash Variables. (line 384) -* HISTIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 395) +* FCEDIT: Bash Variables. (line 301) +* FIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 305) +* FUNCNAME: Bash Variables. (line 311) +* FUNCNEST: Bash Variables. (line 328) +* GLOBIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 333) +* GROUPS: Bash Variables. (line 340) +* histchars: Bash Variables. (line 346) +* HISTCMD: Bash Variables. (line 361) +* HISTCONTROL: Bash Variables. (line 366) +* HISTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 382) +* HISTFILESIZE: Bash Variables. (line 386) +* HISTIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 397) * history-preserve-point: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 165) * history-size: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 171) -* HISTSIZE: Bash Variables. (line 415) -* HISTTIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 422) +* HISTSIZE: Bash Variables. (line 417) +* HISTTIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 424) * HOME: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 13) * horizontal-scroll-mode: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 180) -* HOSTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 430) -* HOSTNAME: Bash Variables. (line 441) -* HOSTTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 444) +* HOSTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 432) +* HOSTNAME: Bash Variables. (line 443) +* HOSTTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 446) * IFS: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 18) -* IGNOREEOF: Bash Variables. (line 447) +* IGNOREEOF: Bash Variables. (line 449) * input-meta: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 187) -* INPUTRC: Bash Variables. (line 457) +* INPUTRC: Bash Variables. (line 459) * isearch-terminators: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 195) * keymap: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 202) -* LANG: Bash Variables. (line 461) -* LC_ALL: Bash Variables. (line 465) -* LC_COLLATE: Bash Variables. (line 469) -* LC_CTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 476) +* LANG: Bash Variables. (line 463) +* LC_ALL: Bash Variables. (line 467) +* LC_COLLATE: Bash Variables. (line 471) +* LC_CTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 478) * LC_MESSAGES: Locale Translation. (line 11) -* LC_MESSAGES <1>: Bash Variables. (line 481) -* LC_NUMERIC: Bash Variables. (line 485) -* LC_TIME: Bash Variables. (line 489) -* LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 493) -* LINES: Bash Variables. (line 497) -* MACHTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 503) +* LC_MESSAGES <1>: Bash Variables. (line 483) +* LC_NUMERIC: Bash Variables. (line 487) +* LC_TIME: Bash Variables. (line 491) +* LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 495) +* LINES: Bash Variables. (line 499) +* MACHTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 505) * MAIL: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 22) -* MAILCHECK: Bash Variables. (line 507) +* MAILCHECK: Bash Variables. (line 509) * MAILPATH: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 27) -* MAPFILE: Bash Variables. (line 515) +* MAPFILE: Bash Variables. (line 517) * mark-modified-lines: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 232) * mark-symlinked-directories: Readline Init File Syntax. @@ -11197,42 +11209,42 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index (line 249) * meta-flag: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 187) -* OLDPWD: Bash Variables. (line 519) +* OLDPWD: Bash Variables. (line 521) * OPTARG: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 34) -* OPTERR: Bash Variables. (line 522) +* OPTERR: Bash Variables. (line 524) * OPTIND: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 38) -* OSTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 526) +* OSTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 528) * output-meta: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 254) * page-completions: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 260) * PATH: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 42) -* PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables. (line 529) -* POSIXLY_CORRECT: Bash Variables. (line 534) -* PPID: Bash Variables. (line 543) -* PROMPT_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 547) -* PROMPT_DIRTRIM: Bash Variables. (line 551) -* PS0: Bash Variables. (line 557) +* PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables. (line 531) +* POSIXLY_CORRECT: Bash Variables. (line 536) +* PPID: Bash Variables. (line 545) +* PROMPT_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 549) +* PROMPT_DIRTRIM: Bash Variables. (line 553) +* PS0: Bash Variables. (line 559) * PS1: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 48) * PS2: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 53) -* PS3: Bash Variables. (line 562) -* PS4: Bash Variables. (line 567) -* PWD: Bash Variables. (line 575) -* RANDOM: Bash Variables. (line 578) -* READLINE_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 583) -* READLINE_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 587) -* REPLY: Bash Variables. (line 591) +* PS3: Bash Variables. (line 564) +* PS4: Bash Variables. (line 569) +* PWD: Bash Variables. (line 577) +* RANDOM: Bash Variables. (line 580) +* READLINE_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 585) +* READLINE_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 589) +* REPLY: Bash Variables. (line 593) * revert-all-at-newline: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 270) -* SECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 594) -* SHELL: Bash Variables. (line 600) -* SHELLOPTS: Bash Variables. (line 605) -* SHLVL: Bash Variables. (line 614) +* SECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 596) +* SHELL: Bash Variables. (line 602) +* SHELLOPTS: Bash Variables. (line 607) +* SHLVL: Bash Variables. (line 616) * show-all-if-ambiguous: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 276) * show-all-if-unmodified: Readline Init File Syntax. @@ -11243,10 +11255,10 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index (line 297) * TEXTDOMAIN: Locale Translation. (line 11) * TEXTDOMAINDIR: Locale Translation. (line 11) -* TIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 619) -* TMOUT: Bash Variables. (line 657) -* TMPDIR: Bash Variables. (line 669) -* UID: Bash Variables. (line 673) +* TIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 621) +* TMOUT: Bash Variables. (line 659) +* TMPDIR: Bash Variables. (line 671) +* UID: Bash Variables. (line 675) * vi-cmd-mode-string: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 310) * vi-ins-mode-string: Readline Init File Syntax. @@ -11637,112 +11649,112 @@ Node: Lists23773 Node: Compound Commands25512 Node: Looping Constructs26524 Node: Conditional Constructs29019 -Node: Command Grouping40099 -Node: Coprocesses41578 -Node: GNU Parallel43481 -Node: Shell Functions47539 -Node: Shell Parameters54622 -Node: Positional Parameters59035 -Node: Special Parameters59935 -Node: Shell Expansions63649 -Node: Brace Expansion65772 -Node: Tilde Expansion68496 -Node: Shell Parameter Expansion70844 -Node: Command Substitution85327 -Node: Arithmetic Expansion86682 -Node: Process Substitution87614 -Node: Word Splitting88734 -Node: Filename Expansion90678 -Node: Pattern Matching93208 -Node: Quote Removal97194 -Node: Redirections97489 -Node: Executing Commands107047 -Node: Simple Command Expansion107717 -Node: Command Search and Execution109647 -Node: Command Execution Environment112023 -Node: Environment115007 -Node: Exit Status116666 -Node: Signals118336 -Node: Shell Scripts120303 -Node: Shell Builtin Commands122818 -Node: Bourne Shell Builtins124856 -Node: Bash Builtins145514 -Node: Modifying Shell Behavior174422 -Node: The Set Builtin174767 -Node: The Shopt Builtin185180 -Node: Special Builtins202050 -Node: Shell Variables203029 -Node: Bourne Shell Variables203466 -Node: Bash Variables205570 -Node: Bash Features235584 -Node: Invoking Bash236483 -Node: Bash Startup Files242496 -Node: Interactive Shells247599 -Node: What is an Interactive Shell?248009 -Node: Is this Shell Interactive?248658 -Node: Interactive Shell Behavior249473 -Node: Bash Conditional Expressions252960 -Node: Shell Arithmetic257326 -Node: Aliases260143 -Node: Arrays262691 -Node: The Directory Stack268057 -Node: Directory Stack Builtins268841 -Node: Controlling the Prompt271809 -Node: The Restricted Shell274575 -Node: Bash POSIX Mode276400 -Node: Job Control286751 -Node: Job Control Basics287211 -Node: Job Control Builtins292179 -Node: Job Control Variables296906 -Node: Command Line Editing298062 -Node: Introduction and Notation299733 -Node: Readline Interaction301356 -Node: Readline Bare Essentials302547 -Node: Readline Movement Commands304330 -Node: Readline Killing Commands305290 -Node: Readline Arguments307208 -Node: Searching308252 -Node: Readline Init File310438 -Node: Readline Init File Syntax311585 -Node: Conditional Init Constructs331985 -Node: Sample Init File336181 -Node: Bindable Readline Commands339298 -Node: Commands For Moving340502 -Node: Commands For History342351 -Node: Commands For Text346646 -Node: Commands For Killing350034 -Node: Numeric Arguments352515 -Node: Commands For Completion353654 -Node: Keyboard Macros357845 -Node: Miscellaneous Commands358532 -Node: Readline vi Mode364485 -Node: Programmable Completion365392 -Node: Programmable Completion Builtins372986 -Node: A Programmable Completion Example383514 -Node: Using History Interactively388754 -Node: Bash History Facilities389438 -Node: Bash History Builtins392443 -Node: History Interaction396974 -Node: Event Designators400041 -Node: Word Designators401260 -Node: Modifiers402897 -Node: Installing Bash404299 -Node: Basic Installation405436 -Node: Compilers and Options408694 -Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures409435 -Node: Installation Names411128 -Node: Specifying the System Type411946 -Node: Sharing Defaults412662 -Node: Operation Controls413335 -Node: Optional Features414293 -Node: Reporting Bugs424811 -Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell426005 -Node: GNU Free Documentation License442857 -Node: Indexes468034 -Node: Builtin Index468488 -Node: Reserved Word Index475315 -Node: Variable Index477763 -Node: Function Index493441 -Node: Concept Index506744 +Node: Command Grouping40102 +Node: Coprocesses41581 +Node: GNU Parallel43484 +Node: Shell Functions47542 +Node: Shell Parameters54625 +Node: Positional Parameters59038 +Node: Special Parameters59938 +Node: Shell Expansions63652 +Node: Brace Expansion65775 +Node: Tilde Expansion68499 +Node: Shell Parameter Expansion70847 +Node: Command Substitution85303 +Node: Arithmetic Expansion86658 +Node: Process Substitution87590 +Node: Word Splitting88710 +Node: Filename Expansion90654 +Node: Pattern Matching93184 +Node: Quote Removal97170 +Node: Redirections97465 +Node: Executing Commands107023 +Node: Simple Command Expansion107693 +Node: Command Search and Execution109623 +Node: Command Execution Environment111999 +Node: Environment114983 +Node: Exit Status116642 +Node: Signals118312 +Node: Shell Scripts120279 +Node: Shell Builtin Commands122794 +Node: Bourne Shell Builtins124832 +Node: Bash Builtins145490 +Node: Modifying Shell Behavior174398 +Node: The Set Builtin174743 +Node: The Shopt Builtin185156 +Node: Special Builtins202026 +Node: Shell Variables203005 +Node: Bourne Shell Variables203442 +Node: Bash Variables205546 +Node: Bash Features235686 +Node: Invoking Bash236585 +Node: Bash Startup Files242598 +Node: Interactive Shells247701 +Node: What is an Interactive Shell?248111 +Node: Is this Shell Interactive?248760 +Node: Interactive Shell Behavior249575 +Node: Bash Conditional Expressions253062 +Node: Shell Arithmetic257428 +Node: Aliases260245 +Node: Arrays262793 +Node: The Directory Stack268159 +Node: Directory Stack Builtins268943 +Node: Controlling the Prompt271911 +Node: The Restricted Shell274677 +Node: Bash POSIX Mode276502 +Node: Job Control286853 +Node: Job Control Basics287313 +Node: Job Control Builtins292281 +Node: Job Control Variables297008 +Node: Command Line Editing298164 +Node: Introduction and Notation299835 +Node: Readline Interaction301458 +Node: Readline Bare Essentials302649 +Node: Readline Movement Commands304432 +Node: Readline Killing Commands305392 +Node: Readline Arguments307310 +Node: Searching308354 +Node: Readline Init File310540 +Node: Readline Init File Syntax311687 +Node: Conditional Init Constructs332087 +Node: Sample Init File336283 +Node: Bindable Readline Commands339400 +Node: Commands For Moving340604 +Node: Commands For History342453 +Node: Commands For Text346748 +Node: Commands For Killing350136 +Node: Numeric Arguments352617 +Node: Commands For Completion353756 +Node: Keyboard Macros357947 +Node: Miscellaneous Commands358634 +Node: Readline vi Mode364587 +Node: Programmable Completion365494 +Node: Programmable Completion Builtins373088 +Node: A Programmable Completion Example383616 +Node: Using History Interactively388856 +Node: Bash History Facilities389540 +Node: Bash History Builtins392545 +Node: History Interaction397076 +Node: Event Designators400696 +Node: Word Designators401915 +Node: Modifiers403552 +Node: Installing Bash404954 +Node: Basic Installation406091 +Node: Compilers and Options409349 +Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures410090 +Node: Installation Names411783 +Node: Specifying the System Type412601 +Node: Sharing Defaults413317 +Node: Operation Controls413990 +Node: Optional Features414948 +Node: Reporting Bugs425466 +Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell426660 +Node: GNU Free Documentation License443512 +Node: Indexes468689 +Node: Builtin Index469143 +Node: Reserved Word Index475970 +Node: Variable Index478418 +Node: Function Index494096 +Node: Concept Index507399  End Tag Table diff --git a/doc/bash.pdf b/doc/bash.pdf index f935be00..a908e4cf 100644 Binary files a/doc/bash.pdf and b/doc/bash.pdf differ diff --git a/doc/bash.ps b/doc/bash.ps index 6046a56a..9e2accf6 100644 --- a/doc/bash.ps +++ b/doc/bash.ps @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.22.3 -%%CreationDate: Tue Jun 12 15:50:57 2018 +%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 16 10:36:39 2018 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic @@ -802,9 +802,9 @@ to force the quoted portion to be matched as a string.)-2.5 E .243 (An additional binary operator)144 481.2 R(,)-.4 E F1(=~)2.743 E F0 2.743(,i)C 2.743(sa)-2.743 G -.25(va)-2.943 G .243 (ilable, with the same precedence as).25 F F1(==)2.743 E F0(and)2.743 E -F1(!=)2.743 E F0 5.243(.W)C .243(hen it is)-5.243 F 1.953 -(used, the string to the right of the operator is considered an e)144 -493.2 R 1.953(xtended re)-.15 F 1.953(gular e)-.15 F 1.953 +F1(!=)2.743 E F0 5.243(.W)C .243(hen it is)-5.243 F .182 +(used, the string to the right of the operator is considered a POSIX e) +144 493.2 R .182(xtended re)-.15 F .181(gular e)-.15 F .181 (xpression and)-.15 F .207(matched accordingly \(as in)144 505.2 R F2 -.37(re)2.707 G -.1(ge)-.03 G(x)-.1 E F0 2.707(\(3\)\). The)B .207 (return v)2.707 F .207 @@ -1550,85 +1550,88 @@ F1(bash)3.435 E F0 -.15(exe)144 168 S .535(cution call stack.).15 F .535 (tended deb).15 F .283(ugging mode \(see the description of the)-.2 F F1 (extdeb)2.784 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .284(option to the)2.784 F F1(shopt)2.784 E F0 -.2(bu)2.784 G .284(iltin belo).2 F(w\).)-.25 E(Setting)144 216 Q F1 -(extdeb)2.5 E(ug)-.2 E F0(after the shell has started to e)2.5 E -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(cute a script may result in inconsistent v).15 E(alues.)-.25 -E F1 -.3(BA)108 228 S(SH_ARGV).3 E F0 .98(An array v)144 240 R .979 +(extdeb)3.363 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .863(after the shell has started to e)3.363 +F -.15(xe)-.15 G .862(cute a script, or referencing this v).15 F .862 +(ariable when)-.25 F F1(extdeb)144 228 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 +(is not set, may result in inconsistent v)2.5 E(alues.)-.25 E F1 -.3(BA) +108 240 S(SH_ARGV).3 E F0 .979(An array v)144 252 R .979 (ariable containing all of the parameters in the current)-.25 F F1(bash) -3.479 E F0 -.15(exe)3.479 G .979(cution call stack.).15 F(The)5.979 E -.275(\214nal parameter of the last subroutine call is at the top of the\ - stack; the \214rst parameter of the initial)144 252 R 1.424 -(call is at the bottom.)144 264 R 1.424(When a subroutine is e)6.424 F +3.48 E F0 -.15(exe)3.48 G .98(cution call stack.).15 F(The)5.98 E .275(\ +\214nal parameter of the last subroutine call is at the top of the stac\ +k; the \214rst parameter of the initial)144 264 R 1.424 +(call is at the bottom.)144 276 R 1.424(When a subroutine is e)6.424 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.424(cuted, the parameters supplied are pushed onto).15 -F F2 -.27(BA)144 276 S(SH_ARGV).27 E F3(.)A F0 2.197(The shell sets) +F F2 -.27(BA)144 288 S(SH_ARGV).27 E F3(.)A F0 2.197(The shell sets) 6.697 F F2 -.27(BA)4.697 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 2.197(only when in e)4.447 F -2.197(xtended deb)-.15 F 2.197(ugging mode \(see the)-.2 F .966 -(description of the)144 288 R F1(extdeb)3.466 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .966 -(option to the)3.466 F F1(shopt)3.466 E F0 -.2(bu)3.466 G .966 -(iltin belo).2 F 3.466(w\). Setting)-.25 F F1(extdeb)3.465 E(ug)-.2 E F0 -.965(after the shell)3.465 F(has started to e)144 300 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cute a script may result in inconsistent v).15 E(alues.)-.25 E F1 -.3 -(BA)108 312 S(SH_ARGV0).3 E F0 .25(When referenced, this v)144 324 R .25 -(ariable e)-.25 F .251 +2.197(xtended deb)-.15 F 2.197(ugging mode \(see the)-.2 F .965 +(description of the)144 300 R F1(extdeb)3.465 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .966 +(option to the)3.465 F F1(shopt)3.466 E F0 -.2(bu)3.466 G .966 +(iltin belo).2 F 3.466(w\). Setting)-.25 F F1(extdeb)3.466 E(ug)-.2 E F0 +.966(after the shell)3.466 F .32(has started to e)144 312 R -.15(xe)-.15 +G .32(cute a script, or referencing this v).15 F .319(ariable when)-.25 +F F1(extdeb)2.819 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .319(is not set, may result in)2.819 F +(inconsistent v)144 324 Q(alues.)-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 336 S(SH_ARGV0).3 +E F0 .25(When referenced, this v)144 348 R .25(ariable e)-.25 F .251 (xpands to the name of the shell or shell script \(identical to)-.15 F F1($0)2.751 E F0 2.751(;s)C(ee)-2.751 E 1.224 -(the description of special parameter 0 abo)144 336 R -.15(ve)-.15 G +(the description of special parameter 0 abo)144 360 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.724(\). Assignment).15 F(to)3.724 E F1 -.3(BA)3.724 G(SH_ARGV0).3 E F0 1.224(causes the v)3.724 F(alue)-.25 E .247 -(assigned to also be assigned to)144 348 R F1($0)2.747 E F0 5.247(.I)C +(assigned to also be assigned to)144 372 R F1($0)2.747 E F0 5.247(.I)C (f)-5.247 E F1 -.3(BA)2.747 G(SH_ARGV0).3 E F0 .247 (is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.747 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n) -.15 E(if it is subsequently reset.)144 360 Q F1 -.3(BA)108 372 S -(SH_CMDS).3 E F0 .668(An associati)144 384 R .968 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .668 +.15 E(if it is subsequently reset.)144 384 Q F1 -.3(BA)108 396 S +(SH_CMDS).3 E F0 .668(An associati)144 408 R .968 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .668 (rray v).15 F .668(ariable whose members correspond to the internal has\ -h table of commands)-.25 F .195(as maintained by the)144 396 R F1(hash) +h table of commands)-.25 F .195(as maintained by the)144 420 R F1(hash) 2.695 E F0 -.2(bu)2.695 G 2.695(iltin. Elements).2 F .196 (added to this array appear in the hash table; ho)2.696 F(we)-.25 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G .852(unsetting array elements currently does no\ -t cause command names to be remo)144 408 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.352(df).15 G -.852(rom the hash)-3.352 F 2.5(table. If)144 420 R F1 -.3(BA)2.5 G +t cause command names to be remo)144 432 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.352(df).15 G +.852(rom the hash)-3.352 F 2.5(table. If)144 444 R F1 -.3(BA)2.5 G (SH_CMDS).3 E F0(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.5 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G -(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 432 S(SH_COMMAND).3 E F0 1.242 -(The command currently being e)144 444 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.243 +(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 456 S(SH_COMMAND).3 E F0 1.242 +(The command currently being e)144 468 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.243 (cuted or about to be e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.243 (cuted, unless the shell is e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.243(cuting a).15 F (command as the result of a trap, in which case it is the command e)144 -456 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting at the time of the trap.).15 E F1 -.3(BA)108 -468 S(SH_EXECUTION_STRING).3 E F0(The command ar)144 480 Q +480 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting at the time of the trap.).15 E F1 -.3(BA)108 +492 S(SH_EXECUTION_STRING).3 E F0(The command ar)144 504 Q (gument to the)-.18 E F12.5 E F0(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -(cation option.).2 E F1 -.3(BA)108 492 S(SH_LINENO).3 E F0 .693 -(An array v)144 504 R .692(ariable whose members are the line numbers i\ -n source \214les where each corresponding)-.25 F .969(member of)144 516 +(cation option.).2 E F1 -.3(BA)108 516 S(SH_LINENO).3 E F0 .693 +(An array v)144 528 R .692(ariable whose members are the line numbers i\ +n source \214les where each corresponding)-.25 F .969(member of)144 540 R F2(FUNCN)3.469 E(AME)-.18 E F0 -.1(wa)3.219 G 3.469(si).1 G -1.9 -.4 (nv o)-3.469 H -.1(ke).4 G(d.).1 E F1(${B)5.969 E(ASH_LINENO[)-.3 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF($i)A F1(]})A F0 .97 -(is the line number in the source)3.469 F 14.672(\214le \()144 528 R F1 +(is the line number in the source)3.469 F 14.672(\214le \()144 552 R F1 (${B)A(ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F4($i+1)A F1(]})A F0 17.172(\)w)C(here)-17.172 E F1(${FUNCN)17.172 E(AME[)-.2 E F4($i)A F1(]})A F0 -.1(wa)17.172 G -17.171(sc).1 G 14.671(alled \(or)-17.171 F F1(${B)144 540 Q(ASH_LINENO[) +17.171(sc).1 G 14.671(alled \(or)-17.171 F F1(${B)144 564 Q(ASH_LINENO[) -.3 E F4($i-1)A F1(]})A F0 .115 (if referenced within another shell function\).)2.615 F(Use)5.115 E F2 (LINENO)2.615 E F0 .115(to obtain the)2.365 F(current line number)144 -552 Q(.)-.55 E F1 -.3(BA)108 564 S(SH_LO).3 E(AD)-.4 E(ABLES_P)-.35 E --.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 4.07(Ac)144 576 S 1.57(olon-separated list of\ +576 Q(.)-.55 E F1 -.3(BA)108 588 S(SH_LO).3 E(AD)-.4 E(ABLES_P)-.35 E +-.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 4.07(Ac)144 600 S 1.57(olon-separated list of\ directories in which the shell looks for dynamically loadable b)-4.07 F -(uiltins)-.2 E(speci\214ed by the)144 588 Q F1(enable)2.5 E F0(command.) -2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 600 S(SH_REMA).3 E(TCH)-.95 E F0 .005(An array v)144 -612 R .005(ariable whose members are assigned by the)-.25 F F1(=~)2.506 +(uiltins)-.2 E(speci\214ed by the)144 612 Q F1(enable)2.5 E F0(command.) +2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 624 S(SH_REMA).3 E(TCH)-.95 E F0 .005(An array v)144 +636 R .005(ariable whose members are assigned by the)-.25 F F1(=~)2.506 E F0 .006(binary operator to the)2.506 F F1([[)2.506 E F0 .006 -(conditional com-)2.506 F 2.507(mand. The)144 624 R .007 +(conditional com-)2.506 F 2.507(mand. The)144 648 R .007 (element with inde)2.507 F 2.507(x0i)-.15 G 2.507(st)-2.507 G .007 (he portion of the string matching the entire re)-2.507 F .006(gular e) --.15 F(xpression.)-.15 E .997(The element with inde)144 636 R(x)-.15 E +-.15 F(xpression.)-.15 E .997(The element with inde)144 660 R(x)-.15 E F4(n)3.497 E F0 .997(is the portion of the string matching the)3.497 F F4(n)3.498 E F0 .998(th parenthesized sube)B(xpres-)-.15 E 2.5 -(sion. This)144 648 R -.25(va)2.5 G(riable is read-only).25 E(.)-.65 E -F1 -.3(BA)108 660 S(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 .126(An array v)144 672 R .125(ar\ +(sion. This)144 672 R -.25(va)2.5 G(riable is read-only).25 E(.)-.65 E +F1 -.3(BA)108 684 S(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 .126(An array v)144 696 R .125(ar\ iable whose members are the source \214lenames where the corresponding \ -shell function)-.25 F .78(names in the)144 684 R F2(FUNCN)3.28 E(AME) +shell function)-.25 F .78(names in the)144 708 R F2(FUNCN)3.28 E(AME) -.18 E F0 .78(array v)3.03 F .78(ariable are de\214ned.)-.25 F .78 (The shell function)5.78 F F1(${FUNCN)3.281 E(AME[)-.2 E F4($i)A F1(]})A -F0(is)3.281 E(de\214ned in the \214le)144 696 Q F1(${B)2.5 E +F0(is)3.281 E(de\214ned in the \214le)144 720 Q F1(${B)2.5 E (ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F4($i)A F1(]})A F0(and called from)2.5 E F1(${B)2.5 E (ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F4($i+1)A F1(]})A F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q (2018 June 8)150.675 E(11)199.835 E 0 Cg EP @@ -2845,18 +2848,18 @@ E(ameter)-.15 E F0 2.676(is a shell parameter as described abo)5.177 F .346(is an e)2.846 F .346(xclamation point \()-.15 F F1(!)A F0 .346 (\), and)B F2(par)2.846 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .346(is not a)2.846 F F2 (namer)2.846 E(ef)-.37 E F0 2.847(,i)C 2.847(ti)-2.847 G(ntroduces) --2.847 E 2.635(al)108 700.8 S -2.15 -.25(ev e)-2.635 H 2.635(lo).25 G -2.635(fv)-2.635 G .135(ariable indirection.)-2.885 F F1(Bash)5.134 E F0 -.134(uses the v)2.634 F .134(alue of the v)-.25 F .134 -(ariable formed from the rest of)-.25 F F2(par)2.634 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -.134(as the)2.634 F 1.003(name of the v)108 712.8 R 1.003 -(ariable; this v)-.25 F 1.003(ariable is then e)-.25 F 1.003 -(xpanded and that v)-.15 F 1.003 -(alue is used in the rest of the substitution,)-.25 F .258 -(rather than the v)108 724.8 R .258(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)2.757 E -(ameter)-.15 E F0 2.757(itself. This)2.757 F .257(is kno)2.757 F .257 -(wn as)-.25 F F2(indir)2.757 E .257(ect e)-.37 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 5.257 -(.T)C .257(he v)-5.257 F .257(alue is subject to tilde)-.25 F +-2.847 E 2.907(al)108 700.8 S -2.15 -.25(ev e)-2.907 H 2.907(lo).25 G +2.906(fi)-2.907 G(ndirection.)-2.906 E F1(Bash)5.406 E F0 .406 +(uses the v)2.906 F .406(alue formed by e)-.25 F .406 +(xpanding the rest of)-.15 F F2(par)2.906 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .406 +(as the ne)2.906 F(w)-.25 E F2(par)2.906 E(ame-)-.15 E(ter)108 712.8 Q +F0 2.578(;t)C .078(his is then e)-2.578 F .078(xpanded and that v)-.15 F +.079(alue is used in the rest of the e)-.25 F .079 +(xpansion, rather than the e)-.15 F .079(xpansion of the)-.15 F +(original)108 724.8 Q F2(par)2.543 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.043(.T)C .043 +(his is kno)-5.043 F .043(wn as)-.25 F F2(indir)2.543 E .043(ect e)-.37 +F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 5.043(.T)C .043(he v)-5.043 F .042 +(alue is subject to tilde e)-.25 F .042(xpansion, parameter)-.15 F (GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(21)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 22 22 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -2864,123 +2867,121 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -.15(ex)108 84 S -2.766(pansion, parameter e).15 F 2.766 -(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 5.267 -(xpansion. If)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(par)5.267 E(ameter)-.15 E -F0 2.767(is a)5.267 F .462(nameref, this e)108 96 R .461 -(xpands to the name of the v)-.15 F .461(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F1 -(par)2.961 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .461(instead of performing the com-)2.961 -F 2.418(plete indirect e)108 108 R 4.918(xpansion. The)-.15 F -.15(ex) -4.918 G 2.418(ceptions to this are the e).15 F 2.419(xpansions of ${) --.15 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)A F1(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F2(*)A F0 4.919 -(}a)C 2.419(nd ${)-4.919 F F2(!)A F1(name)A F0([)A F1(@)A F0(]})A .465 -(described belo)108 120 R 4.265 -.65(w. T)-.25 H .465(he e).65 F .465 -(xclamation point must immediately follo)-.15 F 2.965(wt)-.25 G .464 -(he left brace in order to introduce indi-)-2.965 F(rection.)108 132 Q -.334(In each of the cases belo)108 148.8 R -.65(w,)-.25 G F1(wor)3.484 E +.248(pansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e).15 F 2.748 +(xpansion. If)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(par)2.749 E(ameter)-.15 E +F0 .249(is a nameref, this e)2.749 F .249(xpands to the)-.15 F 1.51 +(name of the parameter referenced by)108 96 R F1(par)4.01 E(ameter)-.15 +E F0 1.51(instead of performing the complete indirect e)4.01 F +(xpansion.)-.15 E .387(The e)108 108 R .387(xceptions to this are the e) +-.15 F .387(xpansions of ${)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)A F1(pr)A +(e\214x)-.37 E F2(*)A F0 2.887(}a)C .387(nd ${)-2.887 F F2(!)A F1(name)A +F0([)A F1(@)A F0 .387(]} described belo)B 4.188 -.65(w. T)-.25 H .388 +(he e).65 F(xclama-)-.15 E(tion point must immediately follo)108 120 Q +2.5(wt)-.25 G(he left brace in order to introduce indirection.)-2.5 E +.334(In each of the cases belo)108 136.8 R -.65(w,)-.25 G F1(wor)3.484 E (d)-.37 E F0 .334(is subject to tilde e)2.834 F .334 (xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F .334(xpansion, command substitution,)-.15 -F(and arithmetic e)108 160.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.09 -(When not performing substring e)108 177.6 R 1.089 +F(and arithmetic e)108 148.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.089 +(When not performing substring e)108 165.6 R 1.089 (xpansion, using the forms documented belo)-.15 F 3.589(w\()-.25 G -(e.g.,)-3.589 E F2(:-)3.589 E F0(\),)A F2(bash)3.589 E F0 1.089 -(tests for a)3.589 F(parameter that is unset or null.)108 189.6 Q(Omitt\ -ing the colon results in a test only for a parameter that is unset.)5 E -(${)108 206.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2<3aad>A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(}) -A F2 .722(Use Default V)144 218.4 R(alues)-.92 E F0 5.722(.I)C(f)-5.722 -E F1(par)4.472 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .723(is unset or null, the e)3.952 F -.723(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.563 E(d)-.37 E F0 .723(is substituted.) -3.993 F(Other)5.723 E(-)-.2 E(wise, the v)144 230.4 Q(alue of)-.25 E F1 -(par)3.75 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is substituted.)3.23 E(${)108 242.4 Q F1 -(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:=)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2 2.005 -(Assign Default V)144 254.4 R(alues)-.92 E F0 7.005(.I)C(f)-7.005 E F1 -(par)5.755 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 2.005(is unset or null, the e)5.235 F -2.004(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)4.844 E(d)-.37 E F0 2.004 -(is assigned to)5.274 F F1(par)144 266.4 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.278(.T).73 -G .278(he v)-5.278 F .278(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.028 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -.278(is then substituted.)3.508 F .279 +(e.g.,)-3.589 E F2(:-)3.59 E F0(\),)A F2(bash)3.59 E F0 1.09 +(tests for a)3.59 F(parameter that is unset or null.)108 177.6 Q(Omitti\ +ng the colon results in a test only for a parameter that is unset.)5 E +(${)108 194.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2<3aad>A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(}) +A F2 .723(Use Default V)144 206.4 R(alues)-.92 E F0 5.723(.I)C(f)-5.723 +E F1(par)4.473 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .723(is unset or null, the e)3.953 F +.722(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.562 E(d)-.37 E F0 .722(is substituted.) +3.992 F(Other)5.722 E(-)-.2 E(wise, the v)144 218.4 Q(alue of)-.25 E F1 +(par)3.75 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is substituted.)3.23 E(${)108 230.4 Q F1 +(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:=)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2 2.004 +(Assign Default V)144 242.4 R(alues)-.92 E F0 7.004(.I)C(f)-7.004 E F1 +(par)5.754 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 2.005(is unset or null, the e)5.234 F +2.005(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)4.845 E(d)-.37 E F0 2.005 +(is assigned to)5.275 F F1(par)144 254.4 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.279(.T).73 +G .279(he v)-5.279 F .279(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.029 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 +.278(is then substituted.)3.508 F .278 (Positional parameters and special param-)5.278 F -(eters may not be assigned to in this w)144 278.4 Q(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E -(${)108 290.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:?)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A -F2 .535(Display Err)144 302.4 R .535(or if Null or Unset)-.18 F F0 5.535 +(eters may not be assigned to in this w)144 266.4 Q(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E +(${)108 278.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:?)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A +F2 .535(Display Err)144 290.4 R .535(or if Null or Unset)-.18 F F0 5.535 (.I)C(f)-5.535 E F1(par)4.285 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .535 (is null or unset, the e)3.765 F .535(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.035 E -(d)-.37 E F0 .535(\(or a mes-)3.035 F .661(sage to that ef)144 314.4 R -.661(fect if)-.25 F F1(wor)3.501 E(d)-.37 E F0 .662(is not present\) is\ - written to the standard error and the shell, if it is not)3.931 F -(interacti)144 326.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e).15 G 2.5(xits. Otherwise,) +(d)-.37 E F0 .535(\(or a mes-)3.035 F .662(sage to that ef)144 302.4 R +.662(fect if)-.25 F F1(wor)3.502 E(d)-.37 E F0 .661(is not present\) is\ + written to the standard error and the shell, if it is not)3.932 F +(interacti)144 314.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e).15 G 2.5(xits. Otherwise,) -2.65 F(the v)2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(par)2.5 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -(is substituted.)2.5 E(${)108 338.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:+)A F1 -(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2 .745(Use Alter)144 350.4 R .745(nate V)-.15 F +(is substituted.)2.5 E(${)108 326.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:+)A F1 +(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2 .745(Use Alter)144 338.4 R .745(nate V)-.15 F (alue)-.92 E F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F1(par)4.495 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .745(is null or unset, nothing is substituted, otherwise the e)3.975 F -(xpan-)-.15 E(sion of)144 362.4 Q F1(wor)2.84 E(d)-.37 E F0 -(is substituted.)3.27 E(${)108 374.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:)A F1 -(of)A(fset)-.18 E F0(})A(${)108 386.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:)A F1 +(xpan-)-.15 E(sion of)144 350.4 Q F1(wor)2.84 E(d)-.37 E F0 +(is substituted.)3.27 E(${)108 362.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:)A F1 +(of)A(fset)-.18 E F0(})A(${)108 374.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:)A F1 (of)A(fset)-.18 E F2(:)A F1(length)A F0(})A F2 .002(Substring Expansion) -144 398.4 R F0 5.002(.E)C .002(xpands to up to)-5.002 F F1(length)2.502 +144 386.4 R F0 5.002(.E)C .002(xpands to up to)-5.002 F F1(length)2.502 E F0 .002(characters of the v)2.502 F .002(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.502 E -(ameter)-.15 E F0 .002(starting at the)2.502 F 1.082 -(character speci\214ed by)144 410.4 R F1(of)3.582 E(fset)-.18 E F0 6.082 -(.I)C(f)-6.082 E F1(par)3.582 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.582 E F2(@)3.582 E +(ameter)-.15 E F0 .002(starting at the)2.502 F 1.081 +(character speci\214ed by)144 398.4 R F1(of)3.581 E(fset)-.18 E F0 6.081 +(.I)C(f)-6.081 E F1(par)3.582 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.582 E F2(@)3.582 E F0 3.582(,a)C 3.582(ni)-3.582 G(nde)-3.582 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.582(da).15 -G 1.082(rray subscripted by)-3.582 F F2(@)3.582 E F0(or)3.581 E F2(*) -3.581 E F0 3.581(,o)C 3.581(ra)-3.581 G(n)-3.581 E(associati)144 422.4 Q +G 1.082(rray subscripted by)-3.582 F F2(@)3.582 E F0(or)3.582 E F2(*) +3.582 E F0 3.582(,o)C 3.582(ra)-3.582 G(n)-3.582 E(associati)144 410.4 Q 1.022 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .722(rray name, the results dif).15 F .722 (fer as described belo)-.25 F 4.522 -.65(w. I)-.25 H(f).65 E F1(length) -3.222 E F0 .722(is omitted, e)3.222 F .722(xpands to the)-.15 F .043 -(substring of the v)144 434.4 R .043(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.543 E -(ameter)-.15 E F0 .042(starting at the character speci\214ed by)2.543 F -F1(of)2.542 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .042(and e)2.542 F .042(xtending to the) --.15 F .846(end of the v)144 446.4 R(alue.)-.25 E F1(length)5.846 E F0 +3.222 E F0 .722(is omitted, e)3.222 F .722(xpands to the)-.15 F .042 +(substring of the v)144 422.4 R .042(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.542 E +(ameter)-.15 E F0 .043(starting at the character speci\214ed by)2.542 F +F1(of)2.543 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .043(and e)2.543 F .043(xtending to the) +-.15 F .847(end of the v)144 434.4 R(alue.)-.25 E F1(length)5.846 E F0 (and)3.346 E F1(of)3.346 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .846(are arithmetic e)3.346 F -.847(xpressions \(see)-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .847(ARITHMETIC EV) -3.347 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(belo)144 458.4 Q -(w\).)-.25 E(If)144 482.4 Q F1(of)3.029 E(fset)-.18 E F0 -.25(eva)3.029 +.846(xpressions \(see)-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .846(ARITHMETIC EV) +3.346 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(belo)144 446.4 Q +(w\).)-.25 E(If)144 470.4 Q F1(of)3.028 E(fset)-.18 E F0 -.25(eva)3.029 G .529(luates to a number less than zero, the v).25 F .529 (alue is used as an of)-.25 F .529(fset in characters from the)-.25 F -.045(end of the v)144 494.4 R .045(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.546 E(ameter) +.046(end of the v)144 482.4 R .046(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.546 E(ameter) -.15 E F0 5.046(.I)C(f)-5.046 E F1(length)2.546 E F0 -.25(eva)2.546 G .046(luates to a number less than zero, it is interpreted as an).25 F -(of)144 506.4 Q .203(fset in characters from the end of the v)-.25 F -.202(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.702 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .202 -(rather than a number of characters, and)2.702 F .557(the e)144 518.4 R -.557(xpansion is the characters between)-.15 F F1(of)3.057 E(fset)-.18 E -F0 .557(and that result.)3.057 F .558(Note that a ne)5.558 F -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E .858 -.15(ve o)-.25 H -.25(ff).15 G .558(set must be).25 -F(separated from the colon by at least one space to a)144 530.4 Q -.2 +(of)144 494.4 Q .202(fset in characters from the end of the v)-.25 F +.202(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.702 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .203 +(rather than a number of characters, and)2.702 F .558(the e)144 506.4 R +.558(xpansion is the characters between)-.15 F F1(of)3.058 E(fset)-.18 E +F0 .558(and that result.)3.058 F .557(Note that a ne)5.557 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E .857 -.15(ve o)-.25 H -.25(ff).15 G .557(set must be).25 +F(separated from the colon by at least one space to a)144 518.4 Q -.2 (vo)-.2 G(id being confused with the).2 E F2(:-)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(pansion.).15 E(If)144 554.4 Q F1(par)2.959 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)2.959 -E F2(@)2.959 E F0 2.959(,t)C .459(he result is)-2.959 F F1(length)2.959 -E F0 .459(positional parameters be)2.959 F .458(ginning at)-.15 F F1(of) -2.958 E(fset)-.18 E F0 5.458(.A)C(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G F1(of)3.108 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .6(is tak)144 566.4 R .6 +(pansion.).15 E(If)144 542.4 Q F1(par)2.958 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)2.958 +E F2(@)2.958 E F0 2.958(,t)C .458(he result is)-2.958 F F1(length)2.959 +E F0 .459(positional parameters be)2.959 F .459(ginning at)-.15 F F1(of) +2.959 E(fset)-.18 E F0 5.459(.A)C(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15 +(ve)-.25 G F1(of)3.109 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .6(is tak)144 554.4 R .6 (en relati)-.1 F .9 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.1(oo).15 G .6 (ne greater than the greatest positional parameter)-3.1 F 3.1(,s)-.4 G 3.1(oa)-3.1 G 3.1(no)-3.1 G -.25(ff)-3.1 G .6(set of \2551 e).25 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G(luates).25 E .64(to the last positional parameter)144 578.4 R -5.64(.I)-.55 G 3.14(ti)-5.64 G 3.14(sa)-3.14 G 3.139(ne)-3.14 G .639 -(xpansion error if)-3.289 F F1(length)3.139 E F0 -.25(eva)3.139 G .639 -(luates to a number less than).25 F(zero.)144 590.4 Q(If)144 614.4 Q F1 -(par)3.013 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .514(is an inde)3.013 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +(va)-.25 G(luates).25 E .639(to the last positional parameter)144 566.4 +R 5.639(.I)-.55 G 3.139(ti)-5.639 G 3.139(sa)-3.139 G 3.139(ne)-3.139 G +.639(xpansion error if)-3.289 F F1(length)3.14 E F0 -.25(eva)3.14 G .64 +(luates to a number less than).25 F(zero.)144 578.4 Q(If)144 602.4 Q F1 +(par)3.014 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .514(is an inde)3.014 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.014(da).15 G .514(rray name subscripted by @ or *, the result is the) --3.014 F F1(length)3.014 E F0 .514(members of)3.014 F 1.082 -(the array be)144 626.4 R 1.082(ginning with ${)-.15 F F1(par)A(ameter) --.15 E F0([)A F1(of)A(fset)-.18 E F0 3.582(]}. A)B(ne)3.582 E -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G F1(of)3.732 E(fset)-.18 E F0 1.081 -(is tak)3.581 F 1.081(en relati)-.1 F 1.381 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.581(oo) -.15 G 1.081(ne greater)-3.581 F 1.079(than the maximum inde)144 638.4 R -3.579(xo)-.15 G 3.579(ft)-3.579 G 1.079(he speci\214ed array)-3.579 F -6.079(.I)-.65 G 3.579(ti)-6.079 G 3.579(sa)-3.579 G 3.58(ne)-3.579 G -1.08(xpansion error if)-3.73 F F1(length)3.58 E F0 -.25(eva)3.58 G 1.08 -(luates to a).25 F(number less than zero.)144 650.4 Q(Substring e)144 -674.4 Q(xpansion applied to an associati)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -(rray produces unde\214ned results.).15 E 1.931(Substring inde)144 698.4 +-3.014 F F1(length)3.014 E F0 .513(members of)3.013 F 1.081 +(the array be)144 614.4 R 1.081(ginning with ${)-.15 F F1(par)A(ameter) +-.15 E F0([)A F1(of)A(fset)-.18 E F0 3.581(]}. A)B(ne)3.581 E -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G F1(of)3.732 E(fset)-.18 E F0 1.082 +(is tak)3.582 F 1.082(en relati)-.1 F 1.382 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.582(oo) +.15 G 1.082(ne greater)-3.582 F 1.08(than the maximum inde)144 626.4 R +3.58(xo)-.15 G 3.58(ft)-3.58 G 1.08(he speci\214ed array)-3.58 F 6.079 +(.I)-.65 G 3.579(ti)-6.079 G 3.579(sa)-3.579 G 3.579(ne)-3.579 G 1.079 +(xpansion error if)-3.729 F F1(length)3.579 E F0 -.25(eva)3.579 G 1.079 +(luates to a).25 F(number less than zero.)144 638.4 Q(Substring e)144 +662.4 Q(xpansion applied to an associati)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H +(rray produces unde\214ned results.).15 E 1.93(Substring inde)144 686.4 R 1.931(xing is zero-based unless the positional parameters are used, i\ -n which case the)-.15 F(inde)144 710.4 Q .306(xing starts at 1 by def) --.15 F 2.806(ault. If)-.1 F F1(of)2.807 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .307 -(is 0, and the positional parameters are used,)2.807 F F2($0)2.807 E F0 -.307(is pre\214x)2.807 F(ed)-.15 E(to the list.)144 722.4 Q +n which case the)-.15 F(inde)144 698.4 Q .307(xing starts at 1 by def) +-.15 F 2.807(ault. If)-.1 F F1(of)2.807 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .307 +(is 0, and the positional parameters are used,)2.807 F F2($0)2.806 E F0 +.306(is pre\214x)2.806 F(ed)-.15 E(to the list.)144 710.4 Q (GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(22)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 23 23 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -2989,46 +2990,46 @@ BP /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(${)108 84 Q/F1 10 /Times-Bold@0 SF(!)A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F1(*)A -F0(})A(${)108 96 Q F1(!)A F2(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F1(@)A F0(})A F1 .085 -(Names matching pr)144 108 R(e\214x)-.18 E F0 5.085(.E)C .084 -(xpands to the names of v)-5.085 F .084(ariables whose names be)-.25 F -.084(gin with)-.15 F F2(pr)2.584 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.584(,s)C(epa-) --2.584 E .257(rated by the \214rst character of the)144 120 R/F3 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.757 E F0 .257(special v)2.507 F 2.757 -(ariable. When)-.25 F F2(@)2.758 E F0 .258(is used and the e)2.758 F -.258(xpansion appears)-.15 F(within double quotes, each v)144 132 Q +F0(})A(${)108 96 Q F1(!)A F2(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F1(@)A F0(})A F1 .084 +(Names matching pr)144 108 R(e\214x)-.18 E F0 5.084(.E)C .084 +(xpands to the names of v)-5.084 F .084(ariables whose names be)-.25 F +.085(gin with)-.15 F F2(pr)2.585 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.585(,s)C(epa-) +-2.585 E .258(rated by the \214rst character of the)144 120 R/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.758 E F0 .257(special v)2.507 F 2.757 +(ariable. When)-.25 F F2(@)2.757 E F0 .257(is used and the e)2.757 F +.257(xpansion appears)-.15 F(within double quotes, each v)144 132 Q (ariable name e)-.25 E(xpands to a separate w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E(${)108 148.8 Q F1(!)A F2(name)A F0([)A F2(@)A F0(]})A(${)108 160.8 Q F1(!)A F2 -(name)A F0([)A F2(*)A F0(]})A F1 2.036(List of array k)144 172.8 R(eys) +(name)A F0([)A F2(*)A F0(]})A F1 2.035(List of array k)144 172.8 R(eys) -.1 E F0 7.036(.I)C(f)-7.036 E F2(name)4.536 E F0 2.036(is an array v) 4.536 F 2.036(ariable, e)-.25 F 2.036 (xpands to the list of array indices \(k)-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(s\)).15 E -.595(assigned in)144 184.8 R F2(name)3.095 E F0 5.595(.I)C(f)-5.595 E F2 -(name)3.095 E F0 .595(is not an array)3.095 F 3.095(,e)-.65 G .595 -(xpands to 0 if)-3.245 F F2(name)3.095 E F0 .596 -(is set and null otherwise.)3.095 F(When)5.596 E F2(@)144 196.8 Q F0 +.596(assigned in)144 184.8 R F2(name)3.096 E F0 5.596(.I)C(f)-5.596 E F2 +(name)3.096 E F0 .595(is not an array)3.096 F 3.095(,e)-.65 G .595 +(xpands to 0 if)-3.245 F F2(name)3.095 E F0 .595 +(is set and null otherwise.)3.095 F(When)5.595 E F2(@)144 196.8 Q F0 (is used and the e)2.5 E(xpansion appears within double quotes, each k) -.15 E .3 -.15(ey ex)-.1 H(pands to a separate w).15 E(ord.)-.1 E(${)108 -213.6 Q F1(#)A F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F0(})A F1 -.1(Pa)144 225.6 S .471 -(rameter length).1 F F0 5.471(.T)C .471 -(he length in characters of the v)-5.471 F .471(alue of)-.25 F F2(par) -2.971 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .47(is substituted.)2.97 F(If)5.47 E F2(par) -4.22 E(ame-)-.15 E(ter)144 237.6 Q F0(is)4.438 E F1(*)3.708 E F0(or) -3.708 E F1(@)3.708 E F0 3.708(,t)C 1.208(he v)-3.708 F 1.208 +213.6 Q F1(#)A F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F0(})A F1 -.1(Pa)144 225.6 S .47 +(rameter length).1 F F0 5.47(.T)C .471(he length in characters of the v) +-5.47 F .471(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)2.971 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .471 +(is substituted.)2.971 F(If)5.471 E F2(par)4.221 E(ame-)-.15 E(ter)144 +237.6 Q F0(is)4.439 E F1(*)3.709 E F0(or)3.709 E F1(@)3.709 E F0 3.708 +(,t)C 1.208(he v)-3.708 F 1.208 (alue substituted is the number of positional parameters.)-.25 F(If) -6.209 E F2(par)4.959 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.209(is an)4.439 F .349 +6.208 E F2(par)4.958 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.208(is an)4.438 F .348 (array name subscripted by)144 249.6 R F1(*)2.849 E F0(or)2.849 E F1(@) 2.849 E F0 2.849(,t)C .349(he v)-2.849 F .349 -(alue substituted is the number of elements in the array)-.25 F 5.348 -(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.348 E F2(par)145.25 261.6 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0 .455 -(is an inde)3.685 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.955(da).15 G .456 -(rray name subscripted by a ne)-2.955 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .756 --.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E 2.956(,t)-.4 G .456 -(hat number is interpreted)-2.956 F .973(as relati)144 273.6 R 1.273 --.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.473(oo).15 G .973(ne greater than the maximum inde) --3.473 F 3.473(xo)-.15 G(f)-3.473 E F2(par)3.473 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -3.472(,s)C 3.472(on)-3.472 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-3.472 H(ti).15 E 1.272 --.15(ve i)-.25 H .972(ndices count back).15 F(from the end of the array) +(alue substituted is the number of elements in the array)-.25 F 5.349 +(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.349 E F2(par)145.25 261.6 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0 .456 +(is an inde)3.686 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.956(da).15 G .456 +(rray name subscripted by a ne)-2.956 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .756 +-.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E 2.955(,t)-.4 G .455 +(hat number is interpreted)-2.955 F .972(as relati)144 273.6 R 1.272 +-.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.472(oo).15 G .973(ne greater than the maximum inde) +-3.472 F 3.473(xo)-.15 G(f)-3.473 E F2(par)3.473 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 +3.473(,s)C 3.473(on)-3.473 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-3.473 H(ti).15 E 1.273 +-.15(ve i)-.25 H .973(ndices count back).15 F(from the end of the array) 144 285.6 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G(nd an inde)-2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5<66ad>-2.5 G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G(eferences the last element.)-2.5 E(${)108 302.4 Q F2 (par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(#)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A(${)108 314.4 Q F2 @@ -3036,93 +3037,94 @@ G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G(eferences the last element.)-2.5 E(${)108 302.4 Q F2 Q 1.396 -.1(ve m)-.1 H 1.196(atching pr).1 F 1.196(e\214x patter)-.18 F (n)-.15 E F0 6.196(.T)C(he)-6.196 E F2(wor)4.036 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.196 (is e)4.466 F 1.196(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in path-)-.15 F -.544(name e)144 338.4 R .544(xpansion, and matched ag)-.15 F .544 +.543(name e)144 338.4 R .544(xpansion, and matched ag)-.15 F .544 (ainst the e)-.05 F .544(xpanded v)-.15 F .544(alue of)-.25 F F2(par) -4.294 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .543(using the rules described)3.774 F(under) -144 350.4 Q F1 -.1(Pa)3.221 G(tter).1 E 3.221(nM)-.15 G(atching)-3.221 E -F0(belo)3.221 E 4.521 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.221(ft).65 G .721 -(he pattern matches the be)-3.221 F .722(ginning of the v)-.15 F .722 -(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.222 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(,).73 E 1.152 +4.294 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .544(using the rules described)3.774 F(under) +144 350.4 Q F1 -.1(Pa)3.222 G(tter).1 E 3.222(nM)-.15 G(atching)-3.222 E +F0(belo)3.222 E 4.522 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.222(ft).65 G .721 +(he pattern matches the be)-3.222 F .721(ginning of the v)-.15 F .721 +(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.221 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(,).73 E 1.151 (then the result of the e)144 362.4 R 1.151(xpansion is the e)-.15 F -1.151(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.151(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)4.901 E(ameter)-.15 E -F0 1.151(with the shortest matching)4.381 F .183(pattern \(the `)144 -374.4 R(`)-.74 E F1(#)A F0 1.663 -.74('' c)D .184 +1.151(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.151(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)4.902 E(ameter)-.15 E +F0 1.152(with the shortest matching)4.382 F .184(pattern \(the `)144 +374.4 R(`)-.74 E F1(#)A F0 1.664 -.74('' c)D .184 (ase\) or the longest matching pattern \(the `).74 F(`)-.74 E F1(##)A F0 -1.664 -.74('' c)D .184(ase\) deleted.).74 F(If)5.184 E F2(par)3.934 E -(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.414 E F1(@)2.684 E F0(or)144 386.4 Q F1(*)3.019 E -F0 3.019(,t)C .518(he pattern remo)-3.019 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.018(lo).25 +1.664 -.74('' c)D .184(ase\) deleted.).74 F(If)5.183 E F2(par)3.933 E +(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.413 E F1(@)2.683 E F0(or)144 386.4 Q F1(*)3.018 E +F0 3.018(,t)C .518(he pattern remo)-3.018 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.018(lo).25 G .518 (peration is applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the e) --3.018 F(xpan-)-.15 E 1.121(sion is the resultant list.)144 398.4 R(If) +-3.018 F(xpan-)-.15 E 1.122(sion is the resultant list.)144 398.4 R(If) 6.121 E F2(par)4.871 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.121(is an array v)4.351 F 1.121(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F1(@)3.621 E F0(or)3.621 E F1(*) -3.622 E F0 3.622(,t)C 1.122(he pattern)-3.622 F(remo)144 410.4 Q -.25 +3.621 E F0 3.621(,t)C 1.121(he pattern)-3.621 F(remo)144 410.4 Q -.25 (va)-.15 G 2.53(lo).25 G .03 (peration is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e) -2.53 F .03(xpansion is the resultant)-.15 F(list.)144 422.4 Q(${)108 439.2 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(%)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A(${)108 451.2 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(%%)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F1(Remo) -144 463.2 Q .346 -.1(ve m)-.1 H .146(atching suf\214x patter).1 F(n)-.15 -E F0 5.146(.T)C(he)-5.146 E F2(wor)2.646 E(d)-.37 E F0 .147(is e)2.647 F -.147(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname)-.15 F -.15(ex)144 -475.2 S .459(pansion, and matched ag).15 F .459(ainst the e)-.05 F .459 -(xpanded v)-.15 F .458(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)4.208 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -.458(using the rules described under)3.688 F F1 -.1(Pa)144 487.2 S(tter) -.1 E 4.592(nM)-.15 G(atching)-4.592 E F0(belo)4.592 E 5.892 -.65(w. I) +144 463.2 Q .347 -.1(ve m)-.1 H .147(atching suf\214x patter).1 F(n)-.15 +E F0 5.147(.T)C(he)-5.147 E F2(wor)2.647 E(d)-.37 E F0 .147(is e)2.647 F +.146(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname)-.15 F -.15(ex)144 +475.2 S .458(pansion, and matched ag).15 F .458(ainst the e)-.05 F .458 +(xpanded v)-.15 F .458(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)4.209 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 +.459(using the rules described under)3.689 F F1 -.1(Pa)144 487.2 S(tter) +.1 E 4.593(nM)-.15 G(atching)-4.593 E F0(belo)4.593 E 5.892 -.65(w. I) -.25 H 4.592(ft).65 G 2.092 -(he pattern matches a trailing portion of the e)-4.592 F 2.093 -(xpanded v)-.15 F 2.093(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)144 499.2 Q(ameter)-.15 E +(he pattern matches a trailing portion of the e)-4.592 F 2.092 +(xpanded v)-.15 F 2.092(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)144 499.2 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0 3.15(,t).73 G .65(hen the result of the e)-3.15 F .65 (xpansion is the e)-.15 F .65(xpanded v)-.15 F .65(alue of)-.25 F F2 -(par)4.4 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .65(with the shortest)3.88 F 1.084 -(matching pattern \(the `)144 511.2 R(`)-.74 E F1(%)A F0 2.564 -.74 +(par)4.4 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .65(with the shortest)3.88 F 1.085 +(matching pattern \(the `)144 511.2 R(`)-.74 E F1(%)A F0 2.565 -.74 ('' c)D 1.084(ase\) or the longest matching pattern \(the `).74 F(`)-.74 -E F1(%%)A F0 2.565 -.74('' c)D 1.085(ase\) deleted.).74 F(If)6.085 E F2 -(par)145.25 523.2 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.39 E F1(@)2.66 E F0(or)2.66 E -F1(*)2.66 E F0 2.66(,t)C .16(he pattern remo)-2.66 F -.25(va)-.15 G -2.659(lo).25 G .159 -(peration is applied to each positional parameter in turn,)-2.659 F .509 -(and the e)144 535.2 R .509(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 F(If) -5.509 E F2(par)4.259 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .51(is an array v)3.739 F .51 -(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F1(@)3.01 E F0(or)3.01 E F1(*)3.01 E F0 -(,)A .423(the pattern remo)144 547.2 R -.25(va)-.15 G 2.923(lo).25 G +E F1(%%)A F0 2.564 -.74('' c)D 1.084(ase\) deleted.).74 F(If)6.084 E F2 +(par)145.25 523.2 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.389 E F1(@)2.659 E F0(or)2.659 +E F1(*)2.659 E F0 2.659(,t)C .159(he pattern remo)-2.659 F -.25(va)-.15 +G 2.659(lo).25 G .16 +(peration is applied to each positional parameter in turn,)-2.659 F .51 +(and the e)144 535.2 R .51(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 F(If) +5.51 E F2(par)4.259 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .509(is an array v)3.739 F .509 +(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F1(@)3.009 E F0(or)3.009 E F1(*)3.009 E +F0(,)A .422(the pattern remo)144 547.2 R -.25(va)-.15 G 2.922(lo).25 G .422(peration is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e) --2.923 F .422(xpansion is)-.15 F(the resultant list.)144 559.2 Q(${)108 +-2.922 F .423(xpansion is)-.15 F(the resultant list.)144 559.2 Q(${)108 576 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(/)A F2(pattern)A F1(/)A F2(string)A F0 -(})A F1 -.1(Pa)144 588 S(tter).1 E 3.606(ns)-.15 G(ubstitution)-3.606 E -F0 6.106(.T)C(he)-6.106 E F2(pattern)3.606 E F0 1.106(is e)3.606 F 1.107 +(})A F1 -.1(Pa)144 588 S(tter).1 E 3.607(ns)-.15 G(ubstitution)-3.607 E +F0 6.107(.T)C(he)-6.107 E F2(pattern)3.607 E F0 1.107(is e)3.607 F 1.106 (xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname e)-.15 F(xpan-)-.15 E (sion,)144 600 Q F2 -.8(Pa)3.7 G -.15(ra).8 G(meter).15 E F0 1.2(is e) 3.7 F 1.2(xpanded and the longest match of)-.15 F F2(pattern)3.7 E F0 (ag)3.7 E 1.2(ainst its v)-.05 F 1.2(alue is replaced with)-.25 F F2 -(string)144 612 Q F0 5.396(.T)C .396 -(he match is performed using the rules described under)-5.396 F F1 -.1 -(Pa)2.897 G(tter).1 E 2.897(nM)-.15 G(atching)-2.897 E F0(belo)2.897 E -4.197 -.65(w. I)-.25 H(f).65 E F2(pat-)2.897 E(tern)144 624 Q F0(be)2.57 -E .07(gins with)-.15 F F1(/)2.57 E F0 2.57(,a)C .07(ll matches of)-2.57 -F F2(pattern)2.57 E F0 .069(are replaced with)2.569 F F2(string)2.569 E -F0 5.069(.N)C .069(ormally only the \214rst match is)-5.069 F 2.579 -(replaced. If)144 636 R F2(pattern)2.579 E F0(be)2.579 E .079(gins with) --.15 F F1(#)2.579 E F0 2.579(,i)C 2.579(tm)-2.579 G .079 -(ust match at the be)-2.579 F .08(ginning of the e)-.15 F .08(xpanded v) --.15 F .08(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)2.58 E(am-)-.15 E(eter)144 648 Q F0 -5.762(.I)C(f)-5.762 E F2(pattern)3.262 E F0(be)3.261 E .761(gins with) --.15 F F1(%)3.261 E F0 3.261(,i)C 3.261(tm)-3.261 G .761 -(ust match at the end of the e)-3.261 F .761(xpanded v)-.15 F .761 -(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.261 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.761(.I)C(f)-5.761 E F2 -(string)144 660 Q F0 .957(is null, matches of)3.457 F F2(pattern)3.457 E -F0 .958(are deleted and the)3.457 F F1(/)3.458 E F0(follo)3.458 E(wing) --.25 E F2(pattern)3.458 E F0 .958(may be omitted.)3.458 F .958(If the) -5.958 F F1(nocasematch)144 672 Q F0 .492 +(string)144 612 Q F0 5.397(.T)C .397 +(he match is performed using the rules described under)-5.397 F F1 -.1 +(Pa)2.896 G(tter).1 E 2.896(nM)-.15 G(atching)-2.896 E F0(belo)2.896 E +4.196 -.65(w. I)-.25 H(f).65 E F2(pat-)2.896 E(tern)144 624 Q F0(be) +2.569 E .069(gins with)-.15 F F1(/)2.569 E F0 2.569(,a)C .069 +(ll matches of)-2.569 F F2(pattern)2.569 E F0 .069(are replaced with) +2.569 F F2(string)2.57 E F0 5.07(.N)C .07 +(ormally only the \214rst match is)-5.07 F 2.58(replaced. If)144 636 R +F2(pattern)2.58 E F0(be)2.58 E .08(gins with)-.15 F F1(#)2.58 E F0 2.58 +(,i)C 2.58(tm)-2.58 G .079(ust match at the be)-2.58 F .079 +(ginning of the e)-.15 F .079(xpanded v)-.15 F .079(alue of)-.25 F F2 +(par)2.579 E(am-)-.15 E(eter)144 648 Q F0 5.761(.I)C(f)-5.761 E F2 +(pattern)3.261 E F0(be)3.261 E .761(gins with)-.15 F F1(%)3.261 E F0 +3.261(,i)C 3.261(tm)-3.261 G .761(ust match at the end of the e)-3.261 F +.761(xpanded v)-.15 F .761(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.262 E(ameter)-.15 E +F0 5.762(.I)C(f)-5.762 E F2(string)144 660 Q F0 .958 +(is null, matches of)3.458 F F2(pattern)3.458 E F0 .958 +(are deleted and the)3.458 F F1(/)3.458 E F0(follo)3.458 E(wing)-.25 E +F2(pattern)3.457 E F0 .957(may be omitted.)3.457 F .957(If the)5.957 F +F1(nocasematch)144 672 Q F0 .492 (shell option is enabled, the match is performed without re)2.992 F -.05 -(ga)-.15 G .492(rd to the case of alpha-).05 F .883(betic characters.) -144 684 R(If)5.883 E F2(par)4.633 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)4.113 E F1(@) -3.383 E F0(or)3.383 E F1(*)3.383 E F0 3.383(,t)C .884 +(ga)-.15 G .492(rd to the case of alpha-).05 F .884(betic characters.) +144 684 R(If)5.884 E F2(par)4.634 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)4.114 E F1(@) +3.384 E F0(or)3.383 E F1(*)3.383 E F0 3.383(,t)C .883 (he substitution operation is applied to each positional)-3.383 F 1.002 (parameter in turn, and the e)144 696 R 1.002 (xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 F(If)6.002 E F2(par)4.752 E -(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.002(is an array v)4.232 F 1.001(ariable sub-)-.25 F -.158(scripted with)144 708 R F1(@)2.658 E F0(or)2.659 E F1(*)2.659 E F0 +(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.002(is an array v)4.232 F 1.002(ariable sub-)-.25 F +.159(scripted with)144 708 R F1(@)2.659 E F0(or)2.659 E F1(*)2.659 E F0 2.659(,t)C .159(he substitution operation is applied to each member of \ the array in turn, and)-2.659 F(the e)144 720 Q (xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q @@ -3136,14 +3138,14 @@ BP /Times-Italic@0 SF(par)A(ameter)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(^)A F1 (pattern)A F0(})A(${)108 96 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(^^)A F1(pattern) A F0(})A(${)108 108 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(,)A F1(pattern)A F0(})A -(${)108 120 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(,,)A F1(pattern)A F0(})A F2 .438 -(Case modi\214cation)144 132 R F0 5.438(.T)C .438(his e)-5.438 F .437 +(${)108 120 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(,,)A F1(pattern)A F0(})A F2 .437 +(Case modi\214cation)144 132 R F0 5.437(.T)C .437(his e)-5.437 F .438 (xpansion modi\214es the case of alphabetic characters in)-.15 F F1(par) -2.937 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.437(.T)C(he)-5.437 E F1(pattern)144 144 Q F0 -1.406(is e)3.906 F 1.407 -(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname e)-.15 F 3.907 -(xpansion. Each)-.15 F 1.407(character in the)3.907 F -.15(ex)144 156 S -1.232(panded v).15 F 1.232(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)3.732 E(ameter)-.15 E +2.938 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.438(.T)C(he)-5.438 E F1(pattern)144 144 Q F0 +1.407(is e)3.907 F 1.407 +(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname e)-.15 F 3.906 +(xpansion. Each)-.15 F 1.406(character in the)3.906 F -.15(ex)144 156 S +1.231(panded v).15 F 1.231(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)3.732 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.232(is tested ag)3.732 F(ainst)-.05 E F1(pattern)3.732 E F0 3.732 (,a)C 1.232(nd, if it matches the pattern, its case is)-3.732 F(con)144 168 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G 2.924(rted. The).15 F .424 @@ -3152,86 +3154,86 @@ F0 1.232(is tested ag)3.732 F(ainst)-.05 E F1(pattern)3.732 E F0 3.732 -.15(ve)144 180 S .61(rts lo).15 F .61(wercase letters matching)-.25 F F1(pattern)3.11 E F0 .61(to uppercase; the)3.11 F F2(,)3.11 E F0 .61 (operator con)3.11 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .61(rts matching uppercase).15 F -1.547(letters to lo)144 192 R 4.047(wercase. The)-.25 F F2(^^)4.047 E F0 +1.548(letters to lo)144 192 R 4.047(wercase. The)-.25 F F2(^^)4.047 E F0 (and)4.047 E F2(,,)4.047 E F0 -.15(ex)4.047 G 1.547(pansions con).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.547(rt each matched character in the e).15 F(xpanded) --.15 E -.25(va)144 204 S .634(lue; the).25 F F2(^)3.134 E F0(and)3.134 E -F2(,)3.134 E F0 -.15(ex)3.134 G .634(pansions match and con).15 F -.15 -(ve)-.4 G .633(rt only the \214rst character in the e).15 F .633 -(xpanded v)-.15 F 3.133(alue. If)-.25 F F1(pattern)144 216 Q F0 .78 +-.15 E -.25(va)144 204 S .633(lue; the).25 F F2(^)3.133 E F0(and)3.133 E +F2(,)3.133 E F0 -.15(ex)3.133 G .633(pansions match and con).15 F -.15 +(ve)-.4 G .634(rt only the \214rst character in the e).15 F .634 +(xpanded v)-.15 F 3.134(alue. If)-.25 F F1(pattern)144 216 Q F0 .78 (is omitted, it is treated lik)3.28 F 3.28(ea)-.1 G F2(?)A F0 3.28(,w)C .78(hich matches e)-3.28 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .78(ry character).15 F 5.78 (.I)-.55 G(f)-5.78 E F1(par)4.53 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)4.01 E F2(@)3.28 E F0(or)3.28 E F2(*)3.28 E F0(,)A .582(the case modi\214cation operatio\ n is applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the e)144 228 R -(xpansion)-.15 E .468(is the resultant list.)144 240 R(If)5.468 E F1 +(xpansion)-.15 E .469(is the resultant list.)144 240 R(If)5.469 E F1 (par)4.218 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .468(is an array v)3.698 F .468 -(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)2.968 E F0(or)2.968 E F2(*)2.969 E -F0 2.969(,t)C .469(he case modi\214ca-)-2.969 F(tion operation is appli\ +(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)2.968 E F0(or)2.968 E F2(*)2.968 E +F0 2.968(,t)C .468(he case modi\214ca-)-2.968 F(tion operation is appli\ ed to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 252 Q (xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E(${)108 268.8 Q F1(par)A(ameter) -.15 E F2(@)A F1(oper)A(ator)-.15 E F0(})A F2 -.1(Pa)144 280.8 S .86 (rameter transf).1 F(ormation)-.25 E F0 5.86(.T)C .86(he e)-5.86 F .86 (xpansion is either a transformation of the v)-.15 F .86(alue of)-.25 F -F1(par)3.36 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .153(or information about)144 292.8 R F1 -(par)2.653 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .153(itself, depending on the v)2.653 F -.153(alue of)-.25 F F1(oper)2.653 E(ator)-.15 E F0 5.154(.E)C(ach)-5.154 -E F1(oper)2.654 E(ator)-.15 E F0 .154(is a sin-)2.654 F(gle letter:)144 -304.8 Q F2(Q)144 328.8 Q F0 1.065(The e)180 328.8 R 1.065 +F1(par)3.36 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .154(or information about)144 292.8 R F1 +(par)2.654 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .153(itself, depending on the v)2.654 F +.153(alue of)-.25 F F1(oper)2.653 E(ator)-.15 E F0 5.153(.E)C(ach)-5.153 +E F1(oper)2.653 E(ator)-.15 E F0 .153(is a sin-)2.653 F(gle letter:)144 +304.8 Q F2(Q)144 328.8 Q F0 1.064(The e)180 328.8 R 1.064 (xpansion is a string that is the v)-.15 F 1.065(alue of)-.25 F F1(par) -3.565 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.064(quoted in a format that can be)3.565 F -(reused as input.)180 340.8 Q F2(E)144 352.8 Q F0 .44(The e)180 352.8 R +3.565 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.065(quoted in a format that can be)3.565 F +(reused as input.)180 340.8 Q F2(E)144 352.8 Q F0 .441(The e)180 352.8 R .441(xpansion is a string that is the v)-.15 F .441(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(par)2.941 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .441(with backslash escape sequences)2.941 -F -.15(ex)180 364.8 S(panded as with the).15 E F2($'...)2.5 E(')-.55 E -F0(quoting mechanism.)2.5 E F2(P)144 376.8 Q F0 1.073(The e)180 376.8 R +(par)2.941 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .44(with backslash escape sequences)2.94 F +-.15(ex)180 364.8 S(panded as with the).15 E F2($'...)2.5 E(')-.55 E F0 +(quoting mechanism.)2.5 E F2(P)144 376.8 Q F0 1.072(The e)180 376.8 R 1.073(xpansion is a string that is the result of e)-.15 F 1.073 (xpanding the v)-.15 F 1.073(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)3.573 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.073(as if it)3.573 F(were a prompt string \(see)180 388.8 Q F2(PR) -2.5 E(OMPTING)-.3 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(A)144 400.8 Q F0 1.137 +2.5 E(OMPTING)-.3 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(A)144 400.8 Q F0 1.138 (The e)180 400.8 R 1.138 (xpansion is a string in the form of an assignment statement or)-.15 F -F2(declar)3.638 E(e)-.18 E F0(command)3.638 E(that, if e)180 412.8 Q +F2(declar)3.637 E(e)-.18 E F0(command)3.637 E(that, if e)180 412.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(luated, will recreate).25 E F1(par)2.5 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 (with its attrib)2.5 E(utes and v)-.2 E(alue.)-.25 E F2(a)144 424.8 Q F0 (The e)180 424.8 Q(xpansion is a string consisting of \215ag v)-.15 E (alues representing)-.25 E F1(par)2.5 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.1 -.55('s a)D -(ttrib).55 E(utes.)-.2 E(If)144 441.6 Q F1(par)5.331 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -(is)4.811 E F2(@)4.081 E F0(or)4.081 E F2(*)4.081 E F0 4.081(,t)C 1.58 +(ttrib).55 E(utes.)-.2 E(If)144 441.6 Q F1(par)5.33 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 +(is)4.81 E F2(@)4.08 E F0(or)4.08 E F2(*)4.08 E F0 4.08(,t)C 1.581 (he operation is applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the) --4.081 F -.15(ex)144 453.6 S .129(pansion is the resultant list.).15 F -(If)5.129 E F1(par)3.879 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .129(is an array v)3.359 F -.13(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)2.63 E F0(or)2.63 E F2(*)2.63 E -F0 2.63(,t)C .13(he oper)-2.63 F(-)-.2 E +-4.08 F -.15(ex)144 453.6 S .13(pansion is the resultant list.).15 F(If) +5.13 E F1(par)3.88 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .129(is an array v)3.36 F .129 +(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)2.629 E F0(or)2.629 E F2(*)2.629 E +F0 2.629(,t)C .129(he oper)-2.629 F(-)-.2 E (ation is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 -465.6 Q(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E 1.85(The result of the e) -144 489.6 R 1.849(xpansion is subject to w)-.15 F 1.849 -(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F 1.849(xpansion as described)-.15 F -(belo)144 501.6 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G F2(Command Substitution)87 518.4 Q F1 -1.697(Command substitution)108 530.4 R F0(allo)4.197 E 1.697 -(ws the output of a command to replace the command name.)-.25 F 1.698 -(There are tw)6.698 F(o)-.1 E(forms:)108 542.4 Q F2($\()144 559.2 Q F1 +465.6 Q(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E 1.849 +(The result of the e)144 489.6 R 1.849(xpansion is subject to w)-.15 F +1.849(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F 1.85(xpansion as described)-.15 +F(belo)144 501.6 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G F2(Command Substitution)87 518.4 Q F1 +1.698(Command substitution)108 530.4 R F0(allo)4.198 E 1.697 +(ws the output of a command to replace the command name.)-.25 F 1.697 +(There are tw)6.697 F(o)-.1 E(forms:)108 542.4 Q F2($\()144 559.2 Q F1 (command)A F2(\))1.666 E F0(or)108 571.2 Q F2<92>144 583.2 Q F1(command) -A F2<92>A(Bash)108 600 Q F0 .089(performs the e)2.589 F .089 -(xpansion by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(command)2.589 E F0 -.088(in a subshell en)2.589 F .088(vironment and replacing the command) +A F2<92>A(Bash)108 600 Q F0 .088(performs the e)2.588 F .088 +(xpansion by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(command)2.588 E F0 +.089(in a subshell en)2.589 F .089(vironment and replacing the command) -.4 F .41(substitution with the standard output of the command, with an) 108 612 R 2.91(yt)-.15 G .41(railing ne)-2.91 F .41(wlines deleted.)-.25 -F .41(Embedded ne)5.41 F(w-)-.25 E .192(lines are not deleted, b)108 624 +F .41(Embedded ne)5.41 F(w-)-.25 E .191(lines are not deleted, b)108 624 R .192(ut the)-.2 F 2.692(ym)-.15 G .192(ay be remo)-2.692 F -.15(ve) -.15 G 2.692(dd).15 G .192(uring w)-2.692 F .192(ord splitting.)-.1 F -.192(The command substitution)5.192 F F2($\(cat)2.691 E F1(\214le)2.691 +.192(The command substitution)5.192 F F2($\(cat)2.692 E F1(\214le)2.692 E F2(\))A F0(can be replaced by the equi)108 636 Q -.25(va)-.25 G (lent b).25 E(ut f)-.2 E(aster)-.1 E F2($\(<)2.5 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F2 (\))A F0(.)A 1.724(When the old-style backquote form of substitution is\ used, backslash retains its literal meaning e)108 652.8 R(xcept)-.15 E -.315(when follo)108 664.8 R .315(wed by)-.25 F F2($)2.815 E F0(,)A F2 -<92>2.815 E F0 2.815(,o)C(r)-2.815 E F2(\\)2.815 E F0 5.315(.T)C .314(h\ +.314(when follo)108 664.8 R .314(wed by)-.25 F F2($)2.814 E F0(,)A F2 +<92>2.814 E F0 2.814(,o)C(r)-2.814 E F2(\\)2.814 E F0 5.314(.T)C .315(h\ e \214rst backquote not preceded by a backslash terminates the command \ -sub-)-5.315 F 3.886(stitution. When)108 676.8 R 1.386(using the $\() -3.886 F F1(command).833 E F0 3.886(\)f)1.666 G 1.387 -(orm, all characters between the parentheses mak)-3.886 F 3.887(eu)-.1 G -3.887(pt)-3.887 G 1.387(he com-)-3.887 F +sub-)-5.314 F 3.887(stitution. When)108 676.8 R 1.387(using the $\() +3.887 F F1(command).833 E F0 3.887(\)f)1.666 G 1.386 +(orm, all characters between the parentheses mak)-3.887 F 3.886(eu)-.1 G +3.886(pt)-3.886 G 1.386(he com-)-3.886 F (mand; none are treated specially)108 688.8 Q(.)-.65 E .894 (Command substitutions may be nested.)108 705.6 R 2.494 -.8(To n)5.894 H .894(est when using the backquoted form, escape the inner back-).8 F @@ -3244,56 +3246,56 @@ BP /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .422 (If the substitution appears within double quotes, w)108 84 R .422 -(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F .423(xpansion are not performed)-.15 +(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F .422(xpansion are not performed)-.15 F(on the results.)108 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Arithmetic Expansion)87 -112.8 Q F0 1.035(Arithmetic e)108 124.8 R 1.035(xpansion allo)-.15 F -1.035(ws the e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.034(luation of an arithmetic e) -.25 F 1.034(xpression and the substitution of the result.)-.15 F +112.8 Q F0 1.034(Arithmetic e)108 124.8 R 1.034(xpansion allo)-.15 F +1.034(ws the e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.034(luation of an arithmetic e) +.25 F 1.035(xpression and the substitution of the result.)-.15 F (The format for arithmetic e)108 136.8 Q(xpansion is:)-.15 E F1($\(\() 144 153.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F1 -(\)\))A F0(The)108 170.4 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.665 G(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0 -.165(is treated as if it were within double quotes, b)2.905 F .166 -(ut a double quote inside the parentheses is not)-.2 F .231 -(treated specially)108 182.4 R 5.231(.A)-.65 G .231(ll tok)-5.231 F .231 +(\)\))A F0(The)108 170.4 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.666 G(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0 +.165(is treated as if it were within double quotes, b)2.906 F .165 +(ut a double quote inside the parentheses is not)-.2 F .23 +(treated specially)108 182.4 R 5.23(.A)-.65 G .23(ll tok)-5.23 F .231 (ens in the e)-.1 F .231(xpression under)-.15 F .231(go parameter and v) --.18 F .23(ariable e)-.25 F .23(xpansion, command substi-)-.15 F 1.059 -(tution, and quote remo)108 194.4 R -.25(va)-.15 G 3.559(l. The).25 F -1.059(result is treated as the arithmetic e)3.559 F 1.06 -(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.56(luated. Arithmetic).25 F --.15(ex)108 206.4 S(pansions may be nested.).15 E 1.379(The e)108 223.2 +-.18 F .231(ariable e)-.25 F .231(xpansion, command substi-)-.15 F 1.06 +(tution, and quote remo)108 194.4 R -.25(va)-.15 G 3.56(l. The).25 F +1.059(result is treated as the arithmetic e)3.56 F 1.059 +(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.559(luated. Arithmetic).25 F +-.15(ex)108 206.4 S(pansions may be nested.).15 E 1.378(The e)108 223.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.378 (luation is performed according to the rules listed belo).25 F 3.878(wu) -.25 G(nder)-3.878 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.378(ARITHMETIC EV)3.878 F (ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 -(If)5.878 E F2 -.2(ex)108 235.2 S(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0(is in)2.74 E +(If)5.879 E F2 -.2(ex)108 235.2 S(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0(is in)2.74 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid,).25 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(prints a message indicating f) 2.5 E(ailure and no substitution occurs.)-.1 E F1(Pr)87 252 Q (ocess Substitution)-.18 E F2(Pr)108 264 Q .405(ocess substitution)-.45 F F0(allo)2.905 E .405(ws a process')-.25 F 2.905(si)-.55 G .405 (nput or output to be referred to using a \214lename.)-2.905 F .405 -(It tak)5.405 F .405(es the form)-.1 F(of)108 276 Q F1(<\()3.251 E F2 -(list)A F1(\)).833 E F0(or)3.251 E F1(>\()3.251 E F2(list)A F1(\)).833 E -F0 5.751(.T)C .751(he process)-5.751 F F2(list)3.251 E F0 .751 +(It tak)5.405 F .405(es the form)-.1 F(of)108 276 Q F1(<\()3.25 E F2 +(list)A F1(\)).833 E F0(or)3.25 E F1(>\()3.25 E F2(list)A F1(\)).833 E +F0 5.75(.T)C .751(he process)-5.75 F F2(list)3.251 E F0 .751 (is run asynchronously)3.251 F 3.251(,a)-.65 G .751 -(nd its input or output appears as a \214lename.)-3.251 F .147 +(nd its input or output appears as a \214lename.)-3.251 F .148 (This \214lename is passed as an ar)108 288 R .148 -(gument to the current command as the result of the e)-.18 F 2.648 -(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the)2.648 E F1(>\()2.648 E F2(list)A F1(\)).833 E -F0 .56(form is used, writing to the \214le will pro)108 300 R .56 +(gument to the current command as the result of the e)-.18 F 2.647 +(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the)2.647 E F1(>\()2.647 E F2(list)A F1(\)).833 E +F0 .559(form is used, writing to the \214le will pro)108 300 R .559 (vide input for)-.15 F F2(list)3.059 E F0 5.559(.I)C 3.059(ft)-5.559 G -(he)-3.059 E F1(<\()3.059 E F2(list)A F1(\)).833 E F0 .559 -(form is used, the \214le passed as an)3.059 F(ar)108 312 Q .308 +(he)-3.059 E F1(<\()3.06 E F2(list)A F1(\)).833 E F0 .56 +(form is used, the \214le passed as an)3.06 F(ar)108 312 Q .309 (gument should be read to obtain the output of)-.18 F F2(list)2.808 E F0 -5.308(.P)C .309(rocess substitution is supported on systems that sup-) +5.308(.P)C .308(rocess substitution is supported on systems that sup-) -5.308 F(port named pipes \()108 324 Q F2(FIFOs)A F0 2.5(\)o)C 2.5(rt) -2.5 G(he)-2.5 E F1(/de)2.5 E(v/fd)-.15 E F0 -(method of naming open \214les.)2.5 E .897(When a)108 340.8 R -.25(va) +(method of naming open \214les.)2.5 E .896(When a)108 340.8 R -.25(va) -.2 G .896(ilable, process substitution is performed simultaneously wit\ -h parameter and v).25 F .896(ariable e)-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E +h parameter and v).25 F .897(ariable e)-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E (command substitution, and arithmetic e)108 352.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 --.75(Wo)87 369.6 S(rd Splitting).75 E F0 1.142 -(The shell scans the results of parameter e)108 381.6 R 1.143 -(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.143 +-.75(Wo)87 369.6 S(rd Splitting).75 E F0 1.143 +(The shell scans the results of parameter e)108 381.6 R 1.142 +(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.142 (xpansion that)-.15 F(did not occur within double quotes for)108 393.6 Q F2(wor)2.5 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G(plitting)-2.5 E F0(.).22 E .063 (The shell treats each character of)108 410.4 R F3(IFS)2.563 E F0 .063 @@ -3301,128 +3303,128 @@ F2(wor)2.5 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G(plitting)-2.5 E F0(.).22 E .063 (nd splits the results of the other e)-2.563 F .063(xpansions into w) -.15 F(ords)-.1 E .207(using these characters as \214eld terminators.) 108 422.4 R(If)5.207 E F3(IFS)2.707 E F0 .207(is unset, or its v)2.457 F -.207(alue is e)-.25 F(xactly)-.15 E F1()2.708 E F0 -(,)A .837(the def)108 434.4 R .837(ault, then sequences of)-.1 F F1 -()3.337 E F0(,)A F1()3.337 E F0 3.337(,a)C(nd)-3.337 E F1 -()3.337 E F0 .836(at the be)3.336 F .836 -(ginning and end of the results of)-.15 F .345(the pre)108 446.4 R .345 +.207(alue is e)-.25 F(xactly)-.15 E F1()2.707 E F0 +(,)A .836(the def)108 434.4 R .836(ault, then sequences of)-.1 F F1 +()3.336 E F0(,)A F1()3.336 E F0 3.336(,a)C(nd)-3.336 E F1 +()3.336 E F0 .837(at the be)3.336 F .837 +(ginning and end of the results of)-.15 F .346(the pre)108 446.4 R .345 (vious e)-.25 F .345(xpansions are ignored, and an)-.15 F 2.845(ys)-.15 G .345(equence of)-2.845 F F3(IFS)2.845 E F0 .345 (characters not at the be)2.595 F .345(ginning or end serv)-.15 F(es) --.15 E 1.237(to delimit w)108 458.4 R 3.737(ords. If)-.1 F F3(IFS)3.737 -E F0 1.236(has a v)3.486 F 1.236(alue other than the def)-.25 F 1.236 +-.15 E 1.236(to delimit w)108 458.4 R 3.736(ords. If)-.1 F F3(IFS)3.736 +E F0 1.236(has a v)3.486 F 1.236(alue other than the def)-.25 F 1.237 (ault, then sequences of the whitespace characters)-.1 F F1(space)108 -470.4 Q F0(,)A F1(tab)2.506 E F0 2.506(,a)C(nd)-2.506 E F1(newline)2.506 -E F0 .006(are ignored at the be)2.506 F .006(ginning and end of the w) --.15 F .007(ord, as long as the whitespace charac-)-.1 F .921 +470.4 Q F0(,)A F1(tab)2.507 E F0 2.507(,a)C(nd)-2.507 E F1(newline)2.507 +E F0 .007(are ignored at the be)2.507 F .006(ginning and end of the w) +-.15 F .006(ord, as long as the whitespace charac-)-.1 F .92 (ter is in the v)108 482.4 R .92(alue of)-.25 F F3(IFS)3.42 E F0(\(an) 3.17 E F3(IFS)3.42 E F0 .92(whitespace character\).)3.17 F(An)5.92 E -3.42(yc)-.15 G .92(haracter in)-3.42 F F3(IFS)3.42 E F0 .92(that is not) -3.17 F F3(IFS)3.42 E F0(whitespace,)3.17 E .428(along with an)108 494.4 -R 2.928(ya)-.15 G(djacent)-2.928 E F3(IFS)2.928 E F0 .428 -(whitespace characters, delimits a \214eld.)2.678 F 2.928(As)5.428 G -.428(equence of)-2.928 F F3(IFS)2.928 E F0 .429(whitespace charac-)2.679 -F(ters is also treated as a delimiter)108 506.4 Q 5(.I)-.55 G 2.5(ft)-5 -G(he v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F3(IFS)2.5 E F0(is null, no w)2.25 E -(ord splitting occurs.)-.1 E 1.927(Explicit null ar)108 523.2 R 1.927 -(guments \()-.18 F F1 .833("").833 G F0(or)3.594 E F1 .833<0808>5.26 G -F0 4.427(\)a)C 1.927 +3.42(yc)-.15 G .92(haracter in)-3.42 F F3(IFS)3.42 E F0 .921 +(that is not)3.17 F F3(IFS)3.421 E F0(whitespace,)3.171 E .429 +(along with an)108 494.4 R 2.928(ya)-.15 G(djacent)-2.928 E F3(IFS)2.928 +E F0 .428(whitespace characters, delimits a \214eld.)2.678 F 2.928(As) +5.428 G .428(equence of)-2.928 F F3(IFS)2.928 E F0 .428 +(whitespace charac-)2.678 F(ters is also treated as a delimiter)108 +506.4 Q 5(.I)-.55 G 2.5(ft)-5 G(he v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F3(IFS)2.5 E +F0(is null, no w)2.25 E(ord splitting occurs.)-.1 E 1.927 +(Explicit null ar)108 523.2 R 1.927(guments \()-.18 F F1 .833("").833 G +F0(or)3.594 E F1 .833<0808>5.26 G F0 4.427(\)a)C 1.927 (re retained and passed to commands as empty strings.)-4.427 F(Unquoted) -6.927 E .484(implicit null ar)108 535.2 R .484 +6.927 E .485(implicit null ar)108 535.2 R .485 (guments, resulting from the e)-.18 F .484 -(xpansion of parameters that ha)-.15 F .785 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.985(ov).15 -G .485(alues, are remo)-3.235 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.985(d. If).15 F(a)2.985 -E 1.572(parameter with no v)108 547.2 R 1.572(alue is e)-.25 F 1.571 -(xpanded within double quotes, a null ar)-.15 F 1.571 -(gument results and is retained and)-.18 F .723 +(xpansion of parameters that ha)-.15 F .784 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.984(ov).15 +G .484(alues, are remo)-3.234 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.984(d. If).15 F(a)2.984 +E 1.571(parameter with no v)108 547.2 R 1.571(alue is e)-.25 F 1.571 +(xpanded within double quotes, a null ar)-.15 F 1.572 +(gument results and is retained and)-.18 F .724 (passed to a command as an empty string.)108 559.2 R .724 -(When a quoted null ar)5.724 F .724(gument appears as part of a w)-.18 F -.724(ord whose)-.1 F -.15(ex)108 571.2 S .176 +(When a quoted null ar)5.724 F .723(gument appears as part of a w)-.18 F +.723(ord whose)-.1 F -.15(ex)108 571.2 S .175 (pansion is non-null, the null ar).15 F .176(gument is remo)-.18 F -.15 (ve)-.15 G 2.676(d. That).15 F .176(is, the w)2.676 F(ord)-.1 E/F5 10 -/Courier@0 SF -5.1672.676 F F0(becomes)2.675 E F52.675 -E F0 .175(after w)2.675 F .175(ord split-)-.1 F(ting and null ar)108 +/Courier@0 SF -5.1672.676 F F0(becomes)2.676 E F52.676 +E F0 .176(after w)2.676 F .176(ord split-)-.1 F(ting and null ar)108 583.2 Q(gument remo)-.18 E -.25(va)-.15 G(l.).25 E(Note that if no e)108 600 Q(xpansion occurs, no splitting is performed.)-.15 E F1 -.1(Pa)87 -616.8 S(thname Expansion).1 E F0 .37(After w)108 628.8 R .37 -(ord splitting, unless the)-.1 F F12.87 E F0 .37 -(option has been set,)2.87 F F1(bash)2.87 E F0 .371(scans each w)2.871 F -.371(ord for the characters)-.1 F F1(*)2.871 E F0(,)A F1(?)2.871 E F0 -2.871(,a)C(nd)-2.871 E F1([)2.871 E F0(.)A .678 +616.8 S(thname Expansion).1 E F0 .371(After w)108 628.8 R .371 +(ord splitting, unless the)-.1 F F12.871 E F0 .371 +(option has been set,)2.871 F F1(bash)2.871 E F0 .37(scans each w)2.87 F +.37(ord for the characters)-.1 F F1(*)2.87 E F0(,)A F1(?)2.87 E F0 2.87 +(,a)C(nd)-2.87 E F1([)2.87 E F0(.)A .677 (If one of these characters appears, then the w)108 640.8 R .677 (ord is re)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .677(rded as a).05 F F2(pattern)3.177 E -F0 3.177(,a).24 G .677(nd replaced with an alphabeti-)-3.177 F .562 +F0 3.177(,a).24 G .678(nd replaced with an alphabeti-)-3.177 F .562 (cally sorted list of \214lenames matching the pattern \(see)108 652.8 R F3 -.09(Pa)3.062 G(tter).09 E 2.812(nM)-.135 G(atching)-2.812 E F0(belo) -2.812 E 3.062(w\). If)-.25 F .562(no matching \214lenames)3.062 F .009 -(are found, and the shell option)108 664.8 R F1(nullglob)2.509 E F0 .008 -(is not enabled, the w)2.509 F .008(ord is left unchanged.)-.1 F .008 -(If the)5.008 F F1(nullglob)2.508 E F0 .008(option is)2.508 F .442 -(set, and no matches are found, the w)108 676.8 R .442(ord is remo)-.1 F --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.942(d. If).15 F(the)2.943 E F1(failglob)2.943 E F0 .443 -(shell option is set, and no matches are)2.943 F 1.38 +2.812 E 3.062(w\). If)-.25 F .561(no matching \214lenames)3.061 F .008 +(are found, and the shell option)108 664.8 R F1(nullglob)2.508 E F0 .008 +(is not enabled, the w)2.508 F .009(ord is left unchanged.)-.1 F .009 +(If the)5.009 F F1(nullglob)2.509 E F0 .009(option is)2.509 F .443 +(set, and no matches are found, the w)108 676.8 R .443(ord is remo)-.1 F +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.943(d. If).15 F(the)2.942 E F1(failglob)2.942 E F0 .442 +(shell option is set, and no matches are)2.942 F 1.38 (found, an error message is printed and the command is not e)108 688.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.88(cuted. If).15 F 1.38(the shell option)3.88 F F1 -(nocaseglob)3.88 E F0(is)3.88 E .103 +(nocaseglob)3.88 E F0(is)3.88 E .104 (enabled, the match is performed without re)108 700.8 R -.05(ga)-.15 G -.104(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F .104 -(When a pattern is used)5.104 F .378(for pathname e)108 712.8 R .378 +.104(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F .103 +(When a pattern is used)5.103 F .377(for pathname e)108 712.8 R .377 (xpansion, the character)-.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.878 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 -E F0 .378(at the start of a name or immediately follo)5.378 F .377 -(wing a slash must be)-.25 F 1.353(matched e)108 724.8 R(xplicitly)-.15 -E 3.853(,u)-.65 G 1.353(nless the shell option)-3.853 F F1(dotglob)3.854 +E F0 .378(at the start of a name or immediately follo)5.378 F .378 +(wing a slash must be)-.25 F 1.354(matched e)108 724.8 R(xplicitly)-.15 +E 3.854(,u)-.65 G 1.354(nless the shell option)-3.854 F F1(dotglob)3.854 E F0 1.354(is set.)3.854 F 1.354(The \214lenames)6.354 F F1 -.63(``) -3.854 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)6.354 E F1 -.63(``)3.854 G(..).63 -E -.63('')-.55 G F0 1.354(must al)6.984 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.354(ys be).1 F +3.854 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)6.354 E F1 -.63(``)3.853 G(..).63 +E -.63('')-.55 G F0 1.353(must al)6.983 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.353(ys be).1 F (GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(25)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 26 26 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .486(matched e)108 -84 R(xplicitly)-.15 E 2.986(,e)-.65 G -.15(ve)-3.236 G 2.986(ni).15 G(f) --2.986 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dotglob)2.986 E F0 .485(is set.)2.986 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .485(matched e)108 +84 R(xplicitly)-.15 E 2.985(,e)-.65 G -.15(ve)-3.235 G 2.985(ni).15 G(f) +-2.985 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dotglob)2.985 E F0 .485(is set.)2.985 F .485(In other cases, the)5.485 F F1 -.63(``)2.985 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 -E F0 .485(character is not treated specially)5.485 F 5.485(.W)-.65 G -(hen)-5.485 E .114(matching a pathname, the slash character must al)108 -96 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .114(ys be matched e).1 F .115 -(xplicitly by a slash in the pattern, b)-.15 F .115(ut in)-.2 F .581 +E F0 .486(character is not treated specially)5.485 F 5.486(.W)-.65 G +(hen)-5.486 E .115(matching a pathname, the slash character must al)108 +96 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .114(ys be matched e).1 F .114 +(xplicitly by a slash in the pattern, b)-.15 F .114(ut in)-.2 F .581 (other matching conte)108 108 R .581 (xts it can be matched by a special pattern character as described belo) -.15 F 3.081(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.081 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.09(Pa)3.081 G(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E(Matching)108 120 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 -.072(See the description of)4.572 F F1(shopt)2.572 E F0(belo)2.572 E -2.572(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.572 E F2 .073(SHELL B)2.572 F(UIL)-.09 E .073 -(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .073(for a description of the)2.323 F F1 +.073(See the description of)4.573 F F1(shopt)2.573 E F0(belo)2.573 E +2.573(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.573 E F2 .072(SHELL B)2.572 F(UIL)-.09 E .072 +(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .072(for a description of the)2.322 F F1 (nocaseglob)108 132 Q F0(,)A F1(nullglob)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(failglob)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1(dotglob)2.5 E F0(shell options.)2.5 E(The)108 -148.8 Q F2(GLOBIGNORE)2.631 E F0 .131(shell v)2.381 F .131 +148.8 Q F2(GLOBIGNORE)2.63 E F0 .13(shell v)2.38 F .131 (ariable may be used to restrict the set of \214le names matching a)-.25 -F/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(pattern)2.63 E F0 5.13(.I).24 G(f)-5.13 E F2 -(GLO-)2.63 E(BIGNORE)108 160.8 Q F0 2.015(is set, each matching \214le \ -name that also matches one of the patterns in)4.264 F F2(GLOBIGNORE) -4.515 E F0(is)4.265 E(remo)108 172.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.915(df).15 G -1.415(rom the list of matches.)-3.915 F 1.415(If the)6.415 F F1 +F/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(pattern)2.631 E F0 5.131(.I).24 G(f)-5.131 E +F2(GLO-)2.631 E(BIGNORE)108 160.8 Q F0 2.015(is set, each matching \214\ +le name that also matches one of the patterns in)4.265 F F2(GLOBIGNORE) +4.515 E F0(is)4.264 E(remo)108 172.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.914(df).15 G +1.414(rom the list of matches.)-3.914 F 1.415(If the)6.415 F F1 (nocaseglob)3.915 E F0 1.415(option is set, the matching ag)3.915 F -1.414(ainst the patterns in)-.05 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)108 184.8 Q F0 .146 -(is performed without re)2.396 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .146(rd to case.).05 F +1.415(ainst the patterns in)-.05 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)108 184.8 Q F0 .147 +(is performed without re)2.397 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .147(rd to case.).05 F .146(The \214lenames)5.146 F F1 -.63(``)2.646 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E -F0(and)5.147 E F1 -.63(``)2.647 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .147 -(are al)5.777 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .147(ys ignored when).1 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)108 +F0(and)5.146 E F1 -.63(``)2.646 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .146 +(are al)5.776 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .146(ys ignored when).1 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)108 196.8 Q F0 .827(is set and not null.)3.077 F(Ho)5.827 E(we)-.25 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G 1.627 -.4(r, s).15 H(etting).4 E F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.327 E F0 .827(to a non-null v)3.077 F .827(alue has the ef)-.25 F .827(fect of) --.25 F .682(enabling the)108 208.8 R F1(dotglob)3.182 E F0 .682 -(shell option, so all other \214lenames be)3.182 F .682(ginning with a) +-.25 F .683(enabling the)108 208.8 R F1(dotglob)3.183 E F0 .682 +(shell option, so all other \214lenames be)3.183 F .682(ginning with a) -.15 F F1 -.63(``)3.182 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 .682(will match.) -5.682 F 2.283 -.8(To g)5.683 H .683(et the old).8 F(beha)108 220.8 Q -1.185(vior of ignoring \214lenames be)-.2 F 1.185(ginning with a)-.15 F +5.682 F 2.282 -.8(To g)5.682 H .682(et the old).8 F(beha)108 220.8 Q +1.184(vior of ignoring \214lenames be)-.2 F 1.184(ginning with a)-.15 F F1 -.63(``)3.684 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 3.684(,m)C(ak)-3.684 E(e) --.1 E F1 -.63(``)3.684 G(.*').63 E(')-.63 E F0 1.184 -(one of the patterns in)6.184 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.684 E F3(.)A F0(The)108 -232.8 Q F1(dotglob)3.131 E F0 .631(option is disabled when)3.131 F F2 -(GLOBIGNORE)3.132 E F0 .632(is unset.)2.882 F .632 +-.1 E F1 -.63(``)3.684 G(.*').63 E(')-.63 E F0 1.185 +(one of the patterns in)6.185 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.685 E F3(.)A F0(The)108 +232.8 Q F1(dotglob)3.132 E F0 .632(option is disabled when)3.132 F F2 +(GLOBIGNORE)3.132 E F0 .632(is unset.)2.882 F .631 (The pattern matching honors the setting of)5.632 F(the)108 244.8 Q F1 (extglob)2.5 E F0(shell option.)2.5 E F1 -.1(Pa)108 261.6 S(tter).1 E 2.5(nM)-.15 G(atching)-2.5 E F0(An)108 278.4 Q 3.138(yc)-.15 G .638(har\ @@ -3435,9 +3437,9 @@ ers described belo)-3.138 F 1.938 -.65(w, m)-.25 H(atches).65 E 3.62 (The special pattern characters must be quoted if the)5.576 F 3.076(ya) -.15 G(re)-3.076 E(to be matched literally)108 314.4 Q(.)-.65 E (The special pattern characters ha)108 331.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H -(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1(*)144 348 Q F0 .376(Matches an) -180 348 R 2.876(ys)-.15 G .376(tring, including the null string.)-2.876 -F .376(When the)5.376 F F1(globstar)2.876 E F0 .377 +(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1(*)144 348 Q F0 .377(Matches an) +180 348 R 2.877(ys)-.15 G .376(tring, including the null string.)-2.877 +F .376(When the)5.376 F F1(globstar)2.876 E F0 .376 (shell option is enabled,)2.876 F(and)180 360 Q F1(*)3.275 E F0 .775 (is used in a pathname e)3.275 F .775(xpansion conte)-.15 F .775(xt, tw) -.15 F 3.275(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-3.275 E F1(*)3.275 E F0 3.275(su)C .775 @@ -3447,61 +3449,60 @@ F 1.058(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)3.558 E F0(,)A(tw)180 384 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G (djacent)-2.5 E F1(*)2.5 E F0 2.5(sw)C (ill match only directories and subdirectories.)-2.5 E F1(?)144 396 Q F0 (Matches an)180 396 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle character)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1 -([...])144 408 Q F0 .579(Matches an)180 408 R 3.079(yo)-.15 G .579 -(ne of the enclosed characters.)-3.079 F 3.079(Ap)5.579 G .578 -(air of characters separated by a h)-3.079 F(yphen)-.05 E .684 -(denotes a)180 420 R F4 -.15(ra)3.184 G(ng).15 E 3.184(ee)-.1 G(xpr) +([...])144 408 Q F0 .578(Matches an)180 408 R 3.078(yo)-.15 G .578 +(ne of the enclosed characters.)-3.078 F 3.079(Ap)5.579 G .579 +(air of characters separated by a h)-3.079 F(yphen)-.05 E .685 +(denotes a)180 420 R F4 -.15(ra)3.185 G(ng).15 E 3.184(ee)-.1 G(xpr) -3.384 E(ession)-.37 E F0 3.184(;a)C .984 -.15(ny c)-3.184 H .684 -(haracter that f).15 F .684(alls between those tw)-.1 F 3.185(oc)-.1 G -.685(haracters, inclu-)-3.185 F(si)180 432 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.713(,u).15 -G 1.213(sing the current locale')-3.713 F 3.712(sc)-.55 G 1.212 -(ollating sequence and character set, is matched.)-3.712 F 1.212(If the) -6.212 F 1.123(\214rst character follo)180 444 R 1.123(wing the)-.25 F F1 -([)3.623 E F0 1.123(is a)3.623 F F1(!)3.623 E F0 1.124(or a)6.123 F F1 -(^)3.624 E F0 1.124(then an)3.624 F 3.624(yc)-.15 G 1.124 -(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.624 F .895 -(The sorting order of characters in range e)180 456 R .894 -(xpressions is determined by the current locale)-.15 F .375(and the v) -180 468 R .375(alues of the)-.25 F F2(LC_COLLA)2.875 E(TE)-.855 E F0(or) +(haracter that f).15 F .684(alls between those tw)-.1 F 3.184(oc)-.1 G +.684(haracters, inclu-)-3.184 F(si)180 432 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.712(,u).15 +G 1.212(sing the current locale')-3.712 F 3.712(sc)-.55 G 1.212 +(ollating sequence and character set, is matched.)-3.712 F 1.213(If the) +6.213 F 1.124(\214rst character follo)180 444 R 1.124(wing the)-.25 F F1 +([)3.624 E F0 1.124(is a)3.624 F F1(!)3.624 E F0 1.124(or a)6.124 F F1 +(^)3.623 E F0 1.123(then an)3.623 F 3.623(yc)-.15 G 1.123 +(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.623 F .894 +(The sorting order of characters in range e)180 456 R .895 +(xpressions is determined by the current locale)-.15 F .376(and the v) +180 468 R .376(alues of the)-.25 F F2(LC_COLLA)2.875 E(TE)-.855 E F0(or) 2.625 E F2(LC_ALL)2.875 E F0 .375(shell v)2.625 F .375 -(ariables, if set.)-.25 F 1.976 -.8(To o)5.376 H .376(btain the tra-).8 -F .068(ditional interpretation of range e)180 480 R .068 -(xpressions, where)-.15 F F1([a\255d])2.568 E F0 .067(is equi)2.567 F --.25(va)-.25 G .067(lent to).25 F F1([abcd])2.567 E F0 2.567(,s)C .067 -(et v)-2.567 F(alue)-.25 E .156(of the)180 492 R F1(LC_ALL)2.656 E F0 -.156(shell v)2.656 F .156(ariable to)-.25 F F1(C)2.657 E F0 2.657(,o)C +(ariables, if set.)-.25 F 1.975 -.8(To o)5.375 H .375(btain the tra-).8 +F .067(ditional interpretation of range e)180 480 R .067 +(xpressions, where)-.15 F F1([a\255d])2.567 E F0 .068(is equi)2.568 F +-.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F1([abcd])2.568 E F0 2.568(,s)C .068 +(et v)-2.568 F(alue)-.25 E .157(of the)180 492 R F1(LC_ALL)2.657 E F0 +.157(shell v)2.657 F .157(ariable to)-.25 F F1(C)2.657 E F0 2.657(,o)C 2.657(re)-2.657 G .157(nable the)-2.657 F F1(globasciiranges)2.657 E F0 -.157(shell option.)2.657 F(A)5.157 E F12.657 E F0(may)2.657 E .193(\ +.156(shell option.)2.656 F(A)5.156 E F12.656 E F0(may)2.656 E .193(\ be matched by including it as the \214rst or last character in the set.) -180 504 R(A)5.193 E F1(])2.693 E F0 .193(may be matched by)2.693 F +180 504 R(A)5.193 E F1(])2.693 E F0 .194(may be matched by)2.693 F (including it as the \214rst character in the set.)180 516 Q -.4(Wi)180 -534 S(thin).4 E F1([)3.07 E F0(and)3.07 E F1(])3.07 E F0(,)A F4 -.15(ch) -3.07 G(ar).15 E .571(acter classes)-.15 F F0 .571 -(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.071 F F1([:)3.071 E F4(class)A F1 -(:])A F0 3.071(,w)C(here)-3.071 E F4(class)3.071 E F0 -(is one of the follo)180 546 Q -(wing classes de\214ned in the POSIX standard:)-.25 E F1 8.173 +534 S(thin).4 E F1([)3.071 E F0(and)3.071 E F1(])3.071 E F0(,)A F4 -.15 +(ch)3.071 G(ar).15 E .571(acter classes)-.15 F F0 .571 +(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.071 F F1([:)3.07 E F4(class)A F1 +(:])A F0 3.07(,w)C(here)-3.07 E F4(class)3.07 E F0(is one of the follo) +180 546 Q(wing classes de\214ned in the POSIX standard:)-.25 E F1 8.173 (alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)180 558 R 8.173 (wer print punct space)-.1 F 5(upper w)180 570 R 5(ord xdigit)-.1 F F0 -4.289(Ac)180 582 S 1.789(haracter class matches an)-4.289 F 4.289(yc) --.15 G 1.789(haracter belonging to that class.)-4.289 F(The)6.789 E F1 --.1(wo)4.29 G(rd).1 E F0(character)4.29 E +4.29(Ac)180 582 S 1.789(haracter class matches an)-4.29 F 4.289(yc)-.15 +G 1.789(haracter belonging to that class.)-4.289 F(The)6.789 E F1 -.1 +(wo)4.289 G(rd).1 E F0(character)4.289 E (class matches letters, digits, and the character _.)180 594 Q -.4(Wi) -180 612 S(thin).4 E F1([)4.537 E F0(and)4.537 E F1(])4.537 E F0 4.537 -(,a)C(n)-4.537 E F4 2.037(equivalence class)4.537 F F0 2.036 -(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)4.536 F F1([=)4.536 E F4(c)A F1(=]) -A F0 4.536(,w)C(hich)-4.536 E .125(matches all characters with the same\ +180 612 S(thin).4 E F1([)4.536 E F0(and)4.536 E F1(])4.536 E F0 4.536 +(,a)C(n)-4.536 E F4 2.036(equivalence class)4.536 F F0 2.037 +(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)4.536 F F1([=)4.537 E F4(c)A F1(=]) +A F0 4.537(,w)C(hich)-4.537 E .125(matches all characters with the same\ collation weight \(as de\214ned by the current locale\) as)180 624 R (the character)180 636 Q F4(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)180 654 S(thin).4 E F1 ([)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he syntax)-2.5 E F1([.)2.5 E F4(symbol)A F1(.])A F0(matches the collating symbol)2.5 E F4(symbol) -2.5 E F0(.)A .705(If the)108 670.8 R F1(extglob)3.205 E F0 .705 -(shell option is enabled using the)3.205 F F1(shopt)3.205 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.205 G .704(iltin, se).2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .704(ral e).15 F .704 -(xtended pattern matching operators)-.15 F .255(are recognized.)108 -682.8 R .255(In the follo)5.255 F .255(wing description, a)-.25 F F4 +2.5 E F0(.)A .704(If the)108 670.8 R F1(extglob)3.204 E F0 .705 +(shell option is enabled using the)3.204 F F1(shopt)3.205 E F0 -.2(bu) +3.205 G .705(iltin, se).2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .705(ral e).15 F .705 +(xtended pattern matching operators)-.15 F .256(are recognized.)108 +682.8 R .256(In the follo)5.256 F .256(wing description, a)-.25 F F4 (pattern-list)2.755 E F0 .255 -(is a list of one or more patterns separated by a)2.755 F F1(|)2.756 E +(is a list of one or more patterns separated by a)2.755 F F1(|)2.755 E F0(.)A(Composite patterns may be formed using one or more of the follo) 108 694.8 Q(wing sub-patterns:)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8) 150.675 E(26)199.835 E 0 Cg EP @@ -3522,17 +3523,17 @@ E F1(\)).833 E F0(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 144 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(!\()144 180 Q F2 (pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0(Matches an)180 192 Q(ything e)-.15 E(xcept one of the gi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E -.969(Complicated e)108 208.8 R .969(xtended pattern matching ag)-.15 F -.969(ainst long strings is slo)-.05 F 2.268 -.65(w, e)-.25 H .968 +.968(Complicated e)108 208.8 R .968(xtended pattern matching ag)-.15 F +.968(ainst long strings is slo)-.05 F 2.269 -.65(w, e)-.25 H .969 (specially when the patterns contain).65 F 1.23 (alternations and the strings contain multiple matches.)108 220.8 R 1.23 (Using separate matches ag)6.23 F 1.23(ainst shorter strings, or)-.05 F (using arrays of strings instead of a single long string, may be f)108 232.8 Q(aster)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1(Quote Remo)87 249.6 Q -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 -E F0 1.113(After the preceding e)108 261.6 R 1.113 +E F0 1.112(After the preceding e)108 261.6 R 1.112 (xpansions, all unquoted occurrences of the characters)-.15 F F1(\\) -3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.612 E F0 3.612(,a)C(nd)-3.612 E F1(")4.445 E F0 -1.112(that did not result)4.445 F(from one of the abo)108 273.6 Q .3 +3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.613 E F0 3.613(,a)C(nd)-3.613 E F1(")4.446 E F0 +1.113(that did not result)4.446 F(from one of the abo)108 273.6 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H(pansions are remo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 290.4 Q F0 .545 (Before a command is e)108 302.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545 @@ -3540,46 +3541,47 @@ E F0 1.113(After the preceding e)108 261.6 R 1.113 (ected)-.37 E F0 .545(using a special notation interpreted)3.815 F .405 (by the shell.)108 314.4 R .405(Redirection allo)5.405 F .405(ws comman\ ds' \214le handles to be duplicated, opened, closed, made to refer to) --.25 F(dif)108 326.4 Q 1.019(ferent \214les, and can change the \214les\ - the command reads from and writes to.)-.25 F 1.02 -(Redirection may also be)6.02 F .215 +-.25 F(dif)108 326.4 Q 1.02(ferent \214les, and can change the \214les \ +the command reads from and writes to.)-.25 F 1.019 +(Redirection may also be)6.019 F .215 (used to modify \214le handles in the current shell e)108 338.4 R -.15 (xe)-.15 G .215(cution en).15 F 2.715(vironment. The)-.4 F(follo)2.715 E -.215(wing redirection operators)-.25 F .875(may precede or appear an)108 -350.4 R .875(ywhere within a)-.15 F F2 .875(simple command)3.715 F F0 -.875(or may follo)4.145 F 3.376(wa)-.25 G F2(command)A F0 5.876(.R).77 G -.876(edirections are)-5.876 F(processed in the order the)108 362.4 Q 2.5 +.215(wing redirection operators)-.25 F .876(may precede or appear an)108 +350.4 R .876(ywhere within a)-.15 F F2 .875(simple command)3.715 F F0 +.875(or may follo)4.145 F 3.375(wa)-.25 G F2(command)A F0 5.875(.R).77 G +.875(edirections are)-5.875 F(processed in the order the)108 362.4 Q 2.5 (ya)-.15 G(ppear)-2.5 E 2.5(,f)-.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .771(Eac\ h redirection that may be preceded by a \214le descriptor number may in\ -stead be preceded by a w)108 379.2 R .771(ord of)-.1 F .292(the form {) +stead be preceded by a w)108 379.2 R .772(ord of)-.1 F .293(the form {) 108 391.2 R F2(varname)A F0 2.793(}. In)B .293 (this case, for each redirection operator e)2.793 F .293 -(xcept >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate)-.15 F 3.18<618c>108 403.2 S -.679(le descriptor greater than or equal to 10 and assign it to)-3.18 F -F2(varname)3.179 E F0 5.679(.I)C 3.179(f>)-5.679 G .679 +(xcept >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate)-.15 F 3.179<618c>108 403.2 +S .679(le descriptor greater than or equal to 10 and assign it to)-3.179 +F F2(varname)3.179 E F0 5.679(.I)C 3.179(f>)-5.679 G .679 (&- or <&- is preceded by {)-3.179 F F2(var)A(-)-.2 E(name)108 415.2 Q -F0 .599(}, the v)B .599(alue of)-.25 F F2(varname)3.099 E F0 .599 -(de\214nes the \214le descriptor to close.)3.099 F .6(If {)5.6 F F2 -(varname)A F0 3.1(}i)C 3.1(ss)-3.1 G .6(upplied, the redirection)-3.1 F -1.238(persists be)108 427.2 R 1.238(yond the scope of the command, allo) --.15 F 1.238(wing the shell programmer to manage the \214le descriptor) --.25 F(himself.)108 439.2 Q .283(In the follo)108 456 R .284(wing descr\ -iptions, if the \214le descriptor number is omitted, and the \214rst ch\ -aracter of the redirect-)-.25 F .513(ion operator is)108 468 R F1(<) -3.012 E F0 3.012(,t)C .512 +F0 .6(}, the v)B .6(alue of)-.25 F F2(varname)3.1 E F0 .599 +(de\214nes the \214le descriptor to close.)3.1 F .599(If {)5.599 F F2 +(varname)A F0 3.099(}i)C 3.099(ss)-3.099 G .599 +(upplied, the redirection)-3.099 F 1.238(persists be)108 427.2 R 1.238 +(yond the scope of the command, allo)-.15 F 1.238 +(wing the shell programmer to manage the \214le descriptor)-.25 F +(himself.)108 439.2 Q .284(In the follo)108 456 R .283(wing description\ +s, if the \214le descriptor number is omitted, and the \214rst characte\ +r of the redirect-)-.25 F .512(ion operator is)108 468 R F1(<)3.012 E F0 +3.012(,t)C .512 (he redirection refers to the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\).) -3.012 F .512(If the \214rst character of the)5.512 F (redirection operator is)108 480 Q F1(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C (he redirection refers to the standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\).) --2.5 E .824(The w)108 496.8 R .824(ord follo)-.1 F .824 -(wing the redirection operator in the follo)-.25 F .825 -(wing descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is sub-)-.25 F .463 -(jected to brace e)108 508.8 R .463(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .462 -(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .462(ariable e)-.25 F .462 -(xpansion, command substitution, arith-)-.15 F .866(metic e)108 520.8 R -.866(xpansion, quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .866(l, pathname e).25 F +-2.5 E .825(The w)108 496.8 R .825(ord follo)-.1 F .824 +(wing the redirection operator in the follo)-.25 F .824 +(wing descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is sub-)-.25 F .462 +(jected to brace e)108 508.8 R .462(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .463 +(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .463(ariable e)-.25 F .463 +(xpansion, command substitution, arith-)-.15 F .867(metic e)108 520.8 R +.867(xpansion, quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .867(l, pathname e).25 F .867(xpansion, and w)-.15 F .867(ord splitting.)-.1 F .867(If it e)5.867 -F .867(xpands to more than one)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 532.8 S(rd,).1 E F1 +F .866(xpands to more than one)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 532.8 S(rd,).1 E F1 (bash)2.5 E F0(reports an error)2.5 E(.)-.55 E (Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 549.6 Q -.15 (Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(ls)144 566.4 Q F1(>)2.5 @@ -3591,12 +3593,12 @@ Q F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1(>)2.5 E F0(dirlist)2.5 E .527 E F0 3.027(,b).68 G .527(ecause the standard error w)-3.027 F .527 (as duplicated from the standard)-.1 F (output before the standard output w)108 628.8 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E -F2(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F1(Bash)108 645.6 Q F0 .598(handles se)3.098 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G .598(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya) --.15 G .599(re used in redirections, as described in the follo)-3.099 F -(wing)-.25 E 3.478(table. If)108 657.6 R .978 -(the operating system on which)3.478 F F1(bash)3.478 E F0 .978 -(is running pro)3.478 F .977 +F2(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F1(Bash)108 645.6 Q F0 .599(handles se)3.099 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G .599(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya) +-.15 G .598(re used in redirections, as described in the follo)-3.099 F +(wing)-.25 E 3.477(table. If)108 657.6 R .977 +(the operating system on which)3.477 F F1(bash)3.478 E F0 .978 +(is running pro)3.478 F .978 (vides these special \214les, bash will use them;)-.15 F (otherwise it will emulate them internally with the beha)108 669.6 Q (vior described belo)-.2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F1(/de)144 686.4 Q(v/fd/)-.15 @@ -3615,21 +3617,21 @@ SF(/de)144 84 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.)180 (File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 120 Q F1(/de)144 132 Q(v/stderr) -.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 144 Q F1(/de)144 156 Q (v/tcp/)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 -168 Q F2(host)2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496 -(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.997 E F0 .497 -(is an inte)2.997 F .497(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E +168 Q F2(host)2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497 +(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496 +(is an inte)2.996 F .496(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E (vice name,)180 180 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 (attempts to open the corresponding TCP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E F1(/de)144 192 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 204 Q F2(host) -2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497 -(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496 -(is an inte)2.996 F .496(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E +2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496 +(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.997 E F0 .497 +(is an inte)2.997 F .497(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E (vice name,)180 216 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 (attempts to open the corresponding UDP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E 2.5(Af)108 232.8 S(ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f) --2.6 E(ail.)-.1 E .946(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater th\ -an 9 should be used with care, as the)108 249.6 R 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947 -(ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.447 F +-2.6 E(ail.)-.1 E .947(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater th\ +an 9 should be used with care, as the)108 249.6 R 3.446(ym)-.15 G .946 +(ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.446 F (descriptors the shell uses internally)108 261.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1(Redir)87 278.4 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391 (Redirection of input causes the \214le whose name results from the e) @@ -3640,43 +3642,43 @@ an 9 should be used with care, as the)108 249.6 R 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947 (is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E (The general format for redirecting input is:)108 319.2 Q([)144 336 Q F2 (n)A F0(])A F1(<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 352.8 Q(ecting Output) --.18 E F0 .174 +-.18 E F0 .175 (Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e) -108 364.8 R .175(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.015 E(d)-.37 E F0 .175 -(to be opened for writ-)3.445 F .825(ing on \214le descriptor)108 376.8 -R F2(n)3.325 E F0 3.325(,o).24 G 3.325(rt)-3.325 G .824 -(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.325 F F2(n)3.684 E F0 -.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .824(If the \214le does not)5.824 F +108 364.8 R .174(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.014 E(d)-.37 E F0 .174 +(to be opened for writ-)3.444 F .824(ing on \214le descriptor)108 376.8 +R F2(n)3.324 E F0 3.324(,o).24 G 3.324(rt)-3.324 G .824 +(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.324 F F2(n)3.684 E F0 +.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .825(If the \214le does not)5.825 F -.15(ex)108 388.8 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E (xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E (The general format for redirecting output is:)108 405.6 Q([)144 422.4 Q -F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .154 -(If the redirection operator is)108 439.2 R F1(>)2.654 E F0 2.654(,a)C -.154(nd the)-2.654 F F1(noclob)2.654 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the) -2.654 F F1(set)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .155 -(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .658(will f)108 451.2 R -.658(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658 -(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .657 -(ists and is a re).15 F .657(gular \214le.)-.15 F .657(If the redi-) -5.657 F .408(rection operator is)108 463.2 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C +F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .155 +(If the redirection operator is)108 439.2 R F1(>)2.655 E F0 2.655(,a)C +.155(nd the)-2.655 F F1(noclob)2.655 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the) +2.654 F F1(set)2.654 E F0 -.2(bu)2.654 G .154 +(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .657(will f)108 451.2 R +.657(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658 +(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .658 +(ists and is a re).15 F .658(gular \214le.)-.15 F .658(If the redi-) +5.658 F .409(rection operator is)108 463.2 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C 2.909(rt)-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909 F F1(>)2.909 E F0 .409(and the)2.909 F F1(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .409 -(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.909 G .409 +(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.908 G .408 (iltin command).2 F(is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108 475.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by) -2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1 -.25(Ap)87 -492 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .642 +492 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .641 (Redirection of output in this f)108 504 R .642 -(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .641 -(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.481 E(d)-.37 E F0 .641(to be)3.911 F .473 -(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 516 R F2(n)2.973 E F0 +(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .642 +(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.482 E(d)-.37 E F0 .642(to be)3.912 F .474 +(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 516 R F2(n)2.974 E F0 2.974(,o).24 G 2.974(rt)-2.974 G .474 -(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F2(n)3.334 E F0 -.474(is not speci\214ed.)3.214 F(If)5.474 E(the \214le does not e)108 +(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F2(n)3.333 E F0 +.473(is not speci\214ed.)3.213 F(If)5.473 E(the \214le does not e)108 528 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E (The general format for appending output is:)108 544.8 Q([)144 561.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 578.4 Q -(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249 +(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248 (This construct allo)108 590.4 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\ \214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-) -.25 F(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108 @@ -3687,10 +3689,10 @@ F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 578.4 Q A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 676.8 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G (orms, the \214rst is preferred.)-2.5 E(This is semantically equi)5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 693.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 -E F1(>&)A F0(1)A .114(When using the second form,)108 710.4 R F2(wor) +E F1(>&)A F0(1)A .115(When using the second form,)108 710.4 R F2(wor) 2.614 E(d)-.37 E F0 .114(may not e)2.614 F .114(xpand to a number or) --.15 F F12.614 E F0 5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.615(td)-2.614 G -.115(oes, other redirection operators)-2.615 F(apply \(see)108 722.4 Q +-.15 F F12.614 E F0 5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.614(td)-2.614 G +.114(oes, other redirection operators)-2.614 F(apply \(see)108 722.4 Q F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E (w\) for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q (2018 June 8)150.675 E(28)199.835 E 0 Cg EP @@ -3701,7 +3703,7 @@ BP /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.25(Ap)87 84 S(pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or) --.18 E F0 .249(This construct allo)108 96 R .249(ws both the standard o\ +-.18 E F0 .248(This construct allo)108 96 R .249(ws both the standard o\ utput \(\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le de\ scrip-)-.25 F(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e) 108 108 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E @@ -3713,31 +3715,31 @@ F0(.).77 E 192 Q F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1 (Her)87 208.8 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of redir\ ection instructs the shell to read input from the current source until \ -a line containing only)108 220.8 R F2(delimiter)108.35 232.8 Q F0 .615 -(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.845 F .615 +a line containing only)108 220.8 R F2(delimiter)108.35 232.8 Q F0 .614 +(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.844 F .615 (All of the lines read up to that point are then used as the stan-)5.615 F(dard input \(or \214le descriptor)108 244.8 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\) for a command.)2.5 E (The format of here-documents is:)108 261.6 Q([)144 278.4 Q F2(n)A F0(]) A F1(<<)A F0([)A F1A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 290.4 Q -(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 302.4 Q F0 .301(No parameter and v)108 +(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 302.4 Q F0 .302(No parameter and v)108 319.2 R .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302 -(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .302 +(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .301 (xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.15 E .415(is performed on)108 331.2 R F2(wor)2.915 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.415(.I).77 G 2.915(fa)-5.415 G .715 -.15(ny p)-2.915 H .415(art of).15 F F2(wor)3.255 E(d)-.37 E F0 .415 (is quoted, the)3.685 F F2(delimiter)3.265 E F0 .415 (is the result of quote remo)3.645 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.915(lo).25 G(n) --2.915 E F2(wor)2.915 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E .773 +-2.915 E F2(wor)2.915 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E .774 (and the lines in the here-document are not e)108 343.2 R 3.274 -(xpanded. If)-.15 F F2(wor)3.274 E(d)-.37 E F0 .774 -(is unquoted, all lines of the here-document)3.274 F 2.59 +(xpanded. If)-.15 F F2(wor)3.273 E(d)-.37 E F0 .773 +(is unquoted, all lines of the here-document)3.273 F 2.59 (are subjected to parameter e)108 355.2 R 2.59 (xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 2.59 (xpansion, the character)-.15 F(sequence)108 367.2 Q F1(\\)2.5 E F0(is ignored, and)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0 (must be used to quote the characters)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($)2.5 -E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .601 +E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .602 (If the redirection operator is)108 384 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101(,t) C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines and\ the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 396 Q F2(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5(.T).73 G @@ -3746,43 +3748,43 @@ C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines and\ -.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F1(Her)87 412.8 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0 2.5(Av)108 424.8 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E([) 144 441.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<<<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 458.4 Q -F2(wor)3.292 E(d)-.37 E F0(under)3.292 E .792(goes tilde e)-.18 F .792 -(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .792(ariable e)-.25 F .791 +F2(wor)3.291 E(d)-.37 E F0(under)3.291 E .792(goes tilde e)-.18 F .792 +(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .792(ariable e)-.25 F .792 (xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 470.4 S -1.187(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.687(l. P).25 F +1.188(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.687(l. P).25 F 1.187(athname e)-.15 F 1.187(xpansion and w)-.15 F 1.187 -(ord splitting are not performed.)-.1 F 1.188(The result is)6.187 F .375 -(supplied as a single string, with a ne)108 482.4 R .374(wline appended\ +(ord splitting are not performed.)-.1 F 1.187(The result is)6.187 F .374 +(supplied as a single string, with a ne)108 482.4 R .375(wline appended\ , to the command on its standard input \(or \214le descrip-)-.25 F(tor) 108 494.4 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\).)2.5 E F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 511.2 Q F0(The redirection operator) -108 523.2 Q([)144 540 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .126 +108 523.2 Q([)144 540 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .127 (is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 556.8 R(If)5.127 E -F2(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .127 +F2(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .126 (pands to one or more digits, the \214le descriptor denoted).15 F(by)108 -568.8 Q F2(n)3.318 E F0 .458(is made to be a cop)3.198 F 2.958(yo)-.1 G -2.958(ft)-2.958 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.958 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G -2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.297 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.457(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.727 F .149 -(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 580.8 R(If)5.149 E F2(wor) -2.989 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.419 G .149(luates to).25 F F12.649 E -F0 2.65<2c8c>C .15(le descriptor)-2.65 F F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is closed.) -2.89 F(If)5.15 E F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is not speci\214ed,)2.89 F -(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 592.8 Q +568.8 Q F2(n)3.317 E F0 .457(is made to be a cop)3.197 F 2.957(yo)-.1 G +2.957(ft)-2.957 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.957 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G +2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.298 E(d)-.37 E F0 +.458(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.728 F .15 +(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 580.8 R(If)5.15 E F2(wor) +2.99 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.42 G .15(luates to).25 F F12.65 E F0 +2.649<2c8c>C .149(le descriptor)-2.649 F F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149 +(is closed.)2.889 F(If)5.149 E F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is not speci\214ed,) +2.889 F(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 592.8 Q (The operator)108 609.6 Q([)144 626.4 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A -(d)-.37 E F0 .444 +(d)-.37 E F0 .443 (is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 643.2 R -(If)5.444 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .443 -(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.183 F 1.357 -(tor 1\) is used.)108 655.2 R 1.357(If the digits in)6.357 F F2(wor) -4.197 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.358(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\ -utput, a redirection error)4.627 F 2.754(occurs. If)108 667.2 R F2(wor) -3.094 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.524 G .254(luates to).25 F F12.754 E +(If)5.443 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .444 +(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.184 F 1.358 +(tor 1\) is used.)108 655.2 R 1.358(If the digits in)6.358 F F2(wor) +4.198 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.357(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\ +utput, a redirection error)4.628 F 2.753(occurs. If)108 667.2 R F2(wor) +3.093 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.523 G .253(luates to).25 F F12.754 E F0 2.754<2c8c>C .254(le descriptor)-2.754 F F2(n)3.114 E F0 .254 (is closed.)2.994 F .254(As a special case, if)5.254 F F2(n)2.754 E F0 -.253(is omitted, and)2.754 F F2(wor)2.753 E(d)-.37 E F0(does)2.753 E -.965(not e)108 679.2 R .965(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F1 -3.465 E F0 3.466(,t)C .966 +.254(is omitted, and)2.754 F F2(wor)2.754 E(d)-.37 E F0(does)2.754 E +.966(not e)108 679.2 R .966(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F1 +3.466 E F0 3.466(,t)C .965 (he standard output and standard error are redirected as described) -3.466 F(pre)108 691.2 Q(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q (2018 June 8)150.675 E(29)199.835 E 0 Cg EP @@ -3794,19 +3796,19 @@ BP (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Mo)87 84 Q(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0(The redirection operator) 108 96 Q([)144 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2 -(digit)A F1A F0(mo)108 129.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.036(st).15 G .536 -(he \214le descriptor)-3.036 F F2(digit)3.036 E F0 .536 -(to \214le descriptor)3.036 F F2(n)3.036 E F0 3.036(,o).24 G 3.036(rt) --3.036 G .535(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.036 F F2 -(n)3.035 E F0 .535(is not speci-)3.035 F(\214ed.)108 141.6 Q F2(digit)5 +(digit)A F1A F0(mo)108 129.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(st).15 G .535 +(he \214le descriptor)-3.035 F F2(digit)3.035 E F0 .535 +(to \214le descriptor)3.035 F F2(n)3.035 E F0 3.035(,o).24 G 3.035(rt) +-3.035 G .536(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.035 F F2 +(n)3.036 E F0 .536(is not speci-)3.036 F(\214ed.)108 141.6 Q F2(digit)5 E F0(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A (Similarly)108 158.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([) 144 175.2 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(digit)A F1A F0(mo)108 192 Q --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.785(st).15 G .285(he \214le descriptor)-2.785 F F2 -(digit)2.785 E F0 .285(to \214le descriptor)2.785 F F2(n)2.785 E F0 -2.785(,o).24 G 2.785(rt)-2.785 G .286 -(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.785 F F2(n)2.786 E F0 -.286(is not speci-)2.786 F(\214ed.)108 204 Q F1 +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.786(st).15 G .286(he \214le descriptor)-2.786 F F2 +(digit)2.786 E F0 .286(to \214le descriptor)2.786 F F2(n)2.786 E F0 +2.786(,o).24 G 2.786(rt)-2.786 G .285 +(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.786 F F2(n)2.785 E F0 +.285(is not speci-)2.785 F(\214ed.)108 204 Q F1 (Opening File Descriptors f)87 220.8 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0 (The redirection operator)108 232.8 Q([)144 249.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<>) A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108 @@ -3815,36 +3817,36 @@ A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108 108 278.4 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G (le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E (If the \214le does not e)5 E(xist, it is created.)-.15 E/F3 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 295.2 Q F2(Aliases)108 307.2 Q F0(allo)3.173 -E 3.173(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.173 F .674 -(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .674 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 295.2 Q F2(Aliases)108 307.2 Q F0(allo)3.174 +E 3.174(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.174 F .674 +(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .673 (ord of a simple command.)-.1 F .394(The shell maintains a list of alia\ -ses that may be set and unset with the)108 319.2 R F1(alias)2.893 E F0 -(and)2.893 E F1(unalias)2.893 E F0 -.2(bu)2.893 G .393(iltin commands).2 -F(\(see)108 331.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.979(SHELL B)4.479 F(UIL)-.09 -E 1.979(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.229 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98 -(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.98(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 F -(check)108 343.2 Q .473(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .473 -(If so, that w)5.473 F .472(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .472 -(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .472(The characters)5.472 F F1(/)2.972 E F0(,)A -F1($)2.972 E F0(,)A F1<92>2.972 E F0(,)A(and)108 355.2 Q F1(=)3.611 E F0 -1.111(and an)3.611 F 3.611(yo)-.15 G 3.611(ft)-3.611 G 1.111(he shell) --3.611 F F2(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112 -(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.412 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.112 -(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.62(name. The)108 367.2 R 1.12 -(replacement te)3.62 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G -1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.119 -(The \214rst)6.119 F -.1(wo)108 379.2 S .513(rd of the replacement te).1 -F .513(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .513(ut a w)-.2 F .514 -(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .514(xpanded is)-.15 F -.296(not e)108 391.2 R .296(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296 -(This means that one may alias)5.296 F F1(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F1 -.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .295(or instance, and)-2.796 F F1 -(bash)2.795 E F0 .295(does not try)2.795 F .542(to recursi)108 403.2 R --.15(ve)-.25 G .542(ly e).15 F .542(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F -3.042(xt. If)-.15 F .543(the last character of the alias v)3.042 F .543 -(alue is a)-.25 F F2(blank)3.043 E F0 3.043(,t).67 G .543(hen the ne) --3.043 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 415.2 Q(ord follo)-.1 E +ses that may be set and unset with the)108 319.2 R F1(alias)2.894 E F0 +(and)2.894 E F1(unalias)2.894 E F0 -.2(bu)2.894 G .394(iltin commands).2 +F(\(see)108 331.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.98(SHELL B)4.48 F(UIL)-.09 E +1.98(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.23 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98 +(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.979(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 +F(check)108 343.2 Q .472(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .472 +(If so, that w)5.472 F .473(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .473 +(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .473(The characters)5.473 F F1(/)2.973 E F0(,)A +F1($)2.973 E F0(,)A F1<92>2.973 E F0(,)A(and)108 355.2 Q F1(=)3.612 E F0 +1.112(and an)3.612 F 3.612(yo)-.15 G 3.612(ft)-3.612 G 1.112(he shell) +-3.612 F F2(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112 +(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.411 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.111 +(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.619(name. The)108 367.2 R 1.119 +(replacement te)3.619 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G +1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.12 +(The \214rst)6.12 F -.1(wo)108 379.2 S .514(rd of the replacement te).1 +F .514(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .514(ut a w)-.2 F .513 +(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .513(xpanded is)-.15 F +.295(not e)108 391.2 R .295(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296 +(This means that one may alias)5.295 F F1(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F1 +.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .296(or instance, and)-2.796 F F1 +(bash)2.796 E F0 .296(does not try)2.796 F .543(to recursi)108 403.2 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G .543(ly e).15 F .543(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F +3.043(xt. If)-.15 F .543(the last character of the alias v)3.043 F .542 +(alue is a)-.25 F F2(blank)3.042 E F0 3.042(,t).67 G .542(hen the ne) +-3.042 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 415.2 Q(ord follo)-.1 E (wing the alias is also check)-.25 E(ed for alias e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15 E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 432 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0 (command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F1 @@ -3859,54 +3861,54 @@ E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 432 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0 (shell option is set)3.72 F(using)108 489.6 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 (\(see the description of)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F4 (SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 -E .436 +E .435 (The rules concerning the de\214nition and use of aliases are some)108 -506.4 R .435(what confusing.)-.25 F F1(Bash)5.435 E F0(al)2.935 E -.1 -(wa)-.1 G .435(ys reads at least).1 F .337 +506.4 R .436(what confusing.)-.25 F F1(Bash)5.436 E F0(al)2.936 E -.1 +(wa)-.1 G .436(ys reads at least).1 F .338 (one complete line of input before e)108 518.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .338 (cuting an).15 F 2.838(yo)-.15 G 2.838(ft)-2.838 G .338 -(he commands on that line.)-2.838 F .338(Aliases are e)5.338 F .338 -(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.404(ac)108 530.4 S .904 -(ommand is read, not when it is e)-3.404 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.404 +(he commands on that line.)-2.838 F .337(Aliases are e)5.337 F .337 +(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.403(ac)108 530.4 S .904 +(ommand is read, not when it is e)-3.403 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.404 (cuted. Therefore,).15 F .904 -(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.161 +(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.162 (another command does not tak)108 542.4 R 3.662(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.662 G 1.162(ect until the ne).25 F 1.162(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F -1.162(The commands follo)6.162 F 1.162(wing the)-.25 F .277 +1.161(The commands follo)6.161 F 1.161(wing the)-.25 F .277 (alias de\214nition on that line are not af)108 554.4 R .277 (fected by the ne)-.25 F 2.777(wa)-.25 G 2.777(lias. This)-2.777 F(beha) -2.777 E .277(vior is also an issue when functions)-.2 F .698(are e)108 -566.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.198(cuted. Aliases).15 F .698(are e)3.198 F +2.777 E .277(vior is also an issue when functions)-.2 F .699(are e)108 +566.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.199(cuted. Aliases).15 F .699(are e)3.199 F .699(xpanded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the functio\ -n is e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .613 -(because a function de\214nition is itself a command.)108 578.4 R .612 +n is e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .612 +(because a function de\214nition is itself a command.)108 578.4 R .613 (As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a function are not)5.612 F -.2 -(av)108 590.4 S .058(ailable until after that function is e)-.05 F -.15 +(av)108 590.4 S .059(ailable until after that function is e)-.05 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G 2.558(cuted. T).15 F 2.558(ob)-.8 G 2.558(es)-2.558 G .058 -(afe, al)-2.558 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .059 +(afe, al)-2.558 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .058 (ys put alias de\214nitions on a separate line, and).1 F(do not use)108 602.4 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0(in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 619.2 S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G (ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.).15 E F3 -(FUNCTIONS)72 636 Q F0 3.468(As)108 648 S .968 -(hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.468 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15 +(FUNCTIONS)72 636 Q F0 3.467(As)108 648 S .967 +(hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.467 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F4 .967(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.467 F/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 -.967(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.001(later e)108 660 R --.15(xe)-.15 G 3.501(cution. When).15 F 1.002(the name of a shell funct\ -ion is used as a simple command name, the list of com-)3.501 F .316 +.968(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.002(later e)108 660 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G 3.502(cution. When).15 F 1.002(the name of a shell funct\ +ion is used as a simple command name, the list of com-)3.502 F .315 (mands associated with that function name is e)108 672 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .315 -(cuted in the conte).15 F .315(xt of the current)-.15 F .035 -(shell; no ne)108 684 R 2.535(wp)-.25 G .036 -(rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.535 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script\).).15 F .036(When a)5.036 -F .64(function is e)108 696 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .64(cuted, the ar).15 F +2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .316 +(cuted in the conte).15 F .316(xt of the current)-.15 F .036 +(shell; no ne)108 684 R 2.536(wp)-.25 G .036 +(rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.536 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script\).).15 F .035(When a)5.035 +F .639(function is e)108 696 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .639(cuted, the ar).15 F .639 (guments to the function become the positional parameters during its e) --.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .532(The special parameter)108 708 R -F1(#)3.032 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.032 F .532 -(Special parameter)5.532 F F1(0)3.033 E F0 .533(is unchanged.)3.033 F -.533(The \214rst ele-)5.533 F(ment of the)108 720 Q F4(FUNCN)2.5 E(AME) +-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .533(The special parameter)108 708 R +F1(#)3.033 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.033 F .532 +(Special parameter)5.532 F F1(0)3.032 E F0 .532(is unchanged.)3.032 F +.532(The \214rst ele-)5.532 F(ment of the)108 720 Q F4(FUNCN)2.5 E(AME) -.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G (riable is set to the name of the function while the function is e).25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E @@ -3920,111 +3922,111 @@ BP (All other aspects of the shell e)108 84 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.25 (cution en).15 F 1.25 (vironment are identical between a function and its caller with)-.4 F -1.214(these e)108 96 R 1.214(xceptions: the)-.15 F/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(DEB)3.714 E(UG)-.09 E F0(and)3.464 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(RETURN)3.715 -E F0 1.215(traps \(see the description of the)3.715 F F2(trap)3.715 E F0 --.2(bu)3.715 G 1.215(iltin under).2 F F1(SHELL)3.715 E -.09(BU)108 108 S -(IL).09 E .479(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.729 E .479 +1.215(these e)108 96 R 1.215(xceptions: the)-.15 F/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(DEB)3.715 E(UG)-.09 E F0(and)3.465 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(RETURN)3.715 +E F0 1.215(traps \(see the description of the)3.715 F F2(trap)3.714 E F0 +-.2(bu)3.714 G 1.214(iltin under).2 F F1(SHELL)3.714 E -.09(BU)108 108 S +(IL).09 E .478(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.728 E .479 (w\) are not inherited unless the function has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.978(nt).15 G(he)-2.978 E F2(trace)2.978 E F0(attrib)2.978 E -.478(ute \(see)-.2 F .42(the description of the)108 120 R F1(declar)2.92 -E(e)-.162 E F0 -.2(bu)2.67 G .42(iltin belo).2 F .42(w\) or the)-.25 F -F2 .42(\255o functrace)2.92 F F0 .42 -(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F2(set)2.921 E F0 -.2(bu) -108 132 S .072(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F2 +-.25 G 2.979(nt).15 G(he)-2.979 E F2(trace)2.979 E F0(attrib)2.979 E +.479(ute \(see)-.2 F .421(the description of the)108 120 R F1(declar) +2.92 E(e)-.162 E F0 -.2(bu)2.67 G .42(iltin belo).2 F .42(w\) or the) +-.25 F F2 .42(\255o functrace)2.92 F F0 .42 +(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F2(set)2.92 E F0 -.2(bu) +108 132 S .071(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F2 (DEB)2.572 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.572 E F2(RETURN)2.572 E F0 .072 -(traps\), and the)2.572 F F1(ERR)2.571 E F0 .071(trap is not inher)2.321 +(traps\), and the)2.572 F F1(ERR)2.572 E F0 .072(trap is not inher)2.322 F(-)-.2 E(ited unless the)108 144 Q F2(\255o errtrace)2.5 E F0 -(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E -1.11(Va)108 160.8 S .655 +(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E -1.11(Va)108 160.8 S .656 (riables local to the function may be declared with the)1.11 F F2(local) -3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.156 G .656(iltin command.).2 F(Ordinarily)5.656 E -3.156(,v)-.65 G .656(ariables and)-3.406 F .051(their v)108 172.8 R .051 +3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.155 G .655(iltin command.).2 F(Ordinarily)5.655 E +3.155(,v)-.65 G .655(ariables and)-3.405 F .05(their v)108 172.8 R .05 (alues are shared between the function and its caller)-.25 F 5.051(.I) --.55 G 2.55(fav)-5.051 G .05(ariable is declared)-2.8 F F2(local)2.55 E -F0 2.55(,t)C .05(he v)-2.55 F(ariable')-.25 E 2.55(sv)-.55 G(isi-)-2.55 -E 1.186(ble scope is restricted to that function and its children \(inc\ -luding the functions it calls\).)108 184.8 R 1.186(Local v)6.186 F -(ariables)-.25 E("shado)108 196.8 Q .155(w" v)-.25 F .155 +-.55 G 2.551(fav)-5.051 G .051(ariable is declared)-2.801 F F2(local) +2.551 E F0 2.551(,t)C .051(he v)-2.551 F(ariable')-.25 E 2.551(sv)-.55 G +(isi-)-2.551 E 1.186(ble scope is restricted to that function and its c\ +hildren \(including the functions it calls\).)108 184.8 R 1.185(Local v) +6.185 F(ariables)-.25 E("shado)108 196.8 Q .154(w" v)-.25 F .154 (ariables with the same name declared at pre)-.25 F .155(vious scopes.) --.25 F -.15(Fo)5.155 G 2.654(ri).15 G .154(nstance, a local v)-2.654 F -.154(ariable declared)-.25 F .669(in a function hides a global v)108 -208.8 R .67(ariable of the same name: references and assignments refer \ -to the local v)-.25 F(ari-)-.25 E .688(able, lea)108 220.8 R .688 +-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.155 G 2.655(ri).15 G .155(nstance, a local v)-2.655 F +.155(ariable declared)-.25 F .67(in a function hides a global v)108 +208.8 R .669(ariable of the same name: references and assignments refer\ + to the local v)-.25 F(ari-)-.25 E .688(able, lea)108 220.8 R .688 (ving the global v)-.2 F .688(ariable unmodi\214ed.)-.25 F .688 (When the function returns, the global v)5.688 F .688 -(ariable is once ag)-.25 F(ain)-.05 E(visible.)108 232.8 Q .726 -(The shell uses)108 249.6 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .726 -(dynamic scoping)3.226 F F0 .726(to control a v)3.226 F(ariable')-.25 E -3.227(sv)-.55 G .727(isibility within functions.)-3.227 F -.4(Wi)5.727 G -.727(th dynamic scoping,).4 F .008(visible v)108 261.6 R .008 +(ariable is once ag)-.25 F(ain)-.05 E(visible.)108 232.8 Q .727 +(The shell uses)108 249.6 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .727 +(dynamic scoping)3.227 F F0 .726(to control a v)3.227 F(ariable')-.25 E +3.226(sv)-.55 G .726(isibility within functions.)-3.226 F -.4(Wi)5.726 G +.726(th dynamic scoping,).4 F .007(visible v)108 261.6 R .007 (ariables and their v)-.25 F .007 (alues are a result of the sequence of function calls that caused e)-.25 -F -.15(xe)-.15 G .007(cution to reach).15 F .813(the current function.) -108 273.6 R .813(The v)5.813 F .813(alue of a v)-.25 F .813 -(ariable that a function sees depends on its v)-.25 F .814 -(alue within its caller)-.25 F 3.314(,i)-.4 G(f)-3.314 E(an)108 285.6 Q -2.117 -.65(y, w)-.15 H .817 +F -.15(xe)-.15 G .008(cution to reach).15 F .814(the current function.) +108 273.6 R .813(The v)5.814 F .813(alue of a v)-.25 F .813 +(ariable that a function sees depends on its v)-.25 F .813 +(alue within its caller)-.25 F 3.313(,i)-.4 G(f)-3.313 E(an)108 285.6 Q +2.116 -.65(y, w)-.15 H .816 (hether that caller is the "global" scope or another shell function.).65 -F .816(This is also the v)5.816 F .816(alue that a local)-.25 F -.25(va) +F .817(This is also the v)5.816 F .817(alue that a local)-.25 F -.25(va) 108 297.6 S(riable declaration "shado).25 E(ws", and the v)-.25 E (alue that is restored when the function returns.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)108 -314.4 S 2.723(re).15 G .223(xample, if a v)-2.873 F(ariable)-.25 E F3 -(var)2.723 E F0 .223(is declared as local in function)2.723 F F3(func1) -2.723 E F0 2.724(,a)C(nd)-2.724 E F3(func1)2.724 E F0 .224 -(calls another function)2.724 F F3(func2)2.724 E F0(,)A .464 -(references to)108 326.4 R F3(var)2.964 E F0 .464(made from within)2.964 -F F3(func2)2.964 E F0 .464(will resolv)2.964 F 2.964(et)-.15 G 2.963(ot) --2.964 G .463(he local v)-2.963 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(var)2.963 E F0(from) -2.963 E F3(func1)2.963 E F0 2.963(,s)C(hado)-2.963 E .463(wing an)-.25 F +314.4 S 2.724(re).15 G .224(xample, if a v)-2.874 F(ariable)-.25 E F3 +(var)2.724 E F0 .223(is declared as local in function)2.724 F F3(func1) +2.723 E F0 2.723(,a)C(nd)-2.723 E F3(func1)2.723 E F0 .223 +(calls another function)2.723 F F3(func2)2.723 E F0(,)A .463 +(references to)108 326.4 R F3(var)2.963 E F0 .463(made from within)2.963 +F F3(func2)2.963 E F0 .463(will resolv)2.963 F 2.964(et)-.15 G 2.964(ot) +-2.964 G .464(he local v)-2.964 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(var)2.964 E F0(from) +2.964 E F3(func1)2.964 E F0 2.964(,s)C(hado)-2.964 E .464(wing an)-.25 F (y)-.15 E(global v)108 338.4 Q(ariable named)-.25 E F3(var)2.5 E F0(.)A -(The)108 355.2 Q F2(unset)2.982 E F0 -.2(bu)2.982 G .482 -(iltin also acts using the same dynamic scope: if a v).2 F .483 -(ariable is local to the current scope,)-.25 F F2(unset)2.983 E F0 .19 +(The)108 355.2 Q F2(unset)2.983 E F0 -.2(bu)2.983 G .483 +(iltin also acts using the same dynamic scope: if a v).2 F .482 +(ariable is local to the current scope,)-.25 F F2(unset)2.982 E F0 .19 (will unset it; otherwise the unset will refer to the v)108 367.2 R .19 (ariable found in an)-.25 F 2.69(yc)-.15 G .19 (alling scope as described abo)-2.69 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.19(.I).15 G(f) --5.19 E 2.72(av)108 379.2 S .221(ariable at the current local scope is \ -unset, it will remain so until it is reset in that scope or until the f\ -unc-)-2.97 F .014(tion returns.)108 391.2 R .014 -(Once the function returns, an)5.014 F 2.514(yi)-.15 G .014 -(nstance of the v)-2.514 F .013(ariable at a pre)-.25 F .013 -(vious scope will become visible.)-.25 F .566(If the unset acts on a v) +-5.19 E 2.721(av)108 379.2 S .221(ariable at the current local scope is\ + unset, it will remain so until it is reset in that scope or until the \ +func-)-2.971 F .013(tion returns.)108 391.2 R .013 +(Once the function returns, an)5.013 F 2.513(yi)-.15 G .014 +(nstance of the v)-2.513 F .014(ariable at a pre)-.25 F .014 +(vious scope will become visible.)-.25 F .567(If the unset acts on a v) 108 403.2 R .566(ariable at a pre)-.25 F .566(vious scope, an)-.25 F -3.066(yi)-.15 G .566(nstance of a v)-3.066 F .567 +3.066(yi)-.15 G .566(nstance of a v)-3.066 F .566 (ariable with that name that had been)-.25 F(shado)108 415.2 Q -(wed will become visible.)-.25 E(The)108 432 Q F2(FUNCNEST)3.529 E F0 --.25(va)3.529 G 1.028(riable, if set to a numeric v).25 F 1.028 +(wed will become visible.)-.25 E(The)108 432 Q F2(FUNCNEST)3.528 E F0 +-.25(va)3.528 G 1.028(riable, if set to a numeric v).25 F 1.028 (alue greater than 0, de\214nes a maximum function nesting)-.25 F(le)108 444 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l. Function).15 F(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G (cations that e).2 E(xceed the limit cause the entire command to abort.) --.15 E .043(If the b)108 460.8 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F F2 -.18(re) +-.15 E .044(If the b)108 460.8 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F F2 -.18(re) 2.543 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .043(is e)2.543 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .043 (cuted in a function, the function completes and e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.044(cution resumes with).15 F 1.012(the ne)108 472.8 R 1.012 +.043(cution resumes with).15 F 1.011(the ne)108 472.8 R 1.011 (xt command after the function call.)-.15 F(An)6.011 E 3.511(yc)-.15 G -1.011(ommand associated with the)-3.511 F F2(RETURN)3.511 E F0 1.011 -(trap is e)3.511 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .213(before e)108 484.8 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .213(cution resumes.).15 F .213 -(When a function completes, the v)5.213 F .214 +1.011(ommand associated with the)-3.511 F F2(RETURN)3.512 E F0 1.012 +(trap is e)3.512 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .214(before e)108 484.8 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .214(cution resumes.).15 F .213 +(When a function completes, the v)5.214 F .213 (alues of the positional parameters and the spe-)-.25 F(cial parameter) 108 496.8 Q F2(#)2.5 E F0(are restored to the v)2.5 E(alues the)-.25 E 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad prior to the function')-2.5 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe) --2.65 G(cution.).15 E 1.359 +-2.65 G(cution.).15 E 1.358 (Function names and de\214nitions may be listed with the)108 513.6 R F2 3.858 E F0 1.358(option to the)3.858 F F2(declar)3.858 E(e)-.18 E -F0(or)3.858 E F2(typeset)3.858 E F0 -.2(bu)3.858 G 1.358(iltin com-).2 F +F0(or)3.859 E F2(typeset)3.859 E F0 -.2(bu)3.859 G 1.359(iltin com-).2 F 3.39(mands. The)108 525.6 R F23.39 E F0 .89(option to)3.39 F F2 (declar)3.39 E(e)-.18 E F0(or)3.39 E F2(typeset)3.39 E F0 .89 (will list the function names only \(and optionally the source)3.39 F -.327(\214le and line number)108 537.6 R 2.827(,i)-.4 G 2.827(ft)-2.827 G -(he)-2.827 E F2(extdeb)2.827 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .326 -(shell option is enabled\).)2.827 F .326(Functions may be e)5.326 F .326 -(xported so that subshells)-.15 F 1.297(automatically ha)108 549.6 R -1.597 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.297(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F23.797 E -F0 1.297(option to the)3.797 F F2(export)3.798 E F0 -.2(bu)3.798 G 3.798 -(iltin. A).2 F 1.298(function de\214nition may be)3.798 F +.326(\214le and line number)108 537.6 R 2.826(,i)-.4 G 2.826(ft)-2.826 G +(he)-2.826 E F2(extdeb)2.826 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .326 +(shell option is enabled\).)2.826 F .327(Functions may be e)5.327 F .327 +(xported so that subshells)-.15 F 1.298(automatically ha)108 549.6 R +1.598 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.298(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F23.798 E +F0 1.298(option to the)3.798 F F2(export)3.797 E F0 -.2(bu)3.797 G 3.797 +(iltin. A).2 F 1.297(function de\214nition may be)3.797 F (deleted using the)108 561.6 Q F22.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E F2 -(unset)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .372(Functions may be recursi) +(unset)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .371(Functions may be recursi) 108 578.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.371(.T).15 G(he)-5.371 E F2(FUNCNEST)2.871 E F0 -.25(va)2.871 G .371 (riable may be used to limit the depth of the function call).25 F 1.141 @@ -4032,23 +4034,23 @@ E F0 -.25(va)2.871 G .371 3.641(cations. By).2 F(def)3.641 E 1.141 (ault, no limit is imposed on the number of)-.1 F(recursi)108 602.4 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls.).15 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(ARITHMETIC EV)72 -619.2 Q(ALU)-1.478 E -1.04(AT)-.657 G(ION)1.04 E F0 2.298 +619.2 Q(ALU)-1.478 E -1.04(AT)-.657 G(ION)1.04 E F0 2.297 (The shell allo)108 631.2 R 2.297(ws arithmetic e)-.25 F 2.297 (xpressions to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.297 -(luated, under certain circumstances \(see the).25 F F2(let)4.797 E F0 -(and)4.797 E F2(declar)108 643.2 Q(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.683 G .183 +(luated, under certain circumstances \(see the).25 F F2(let)4.798 E F0 +(and)4.798 E F2(declar)108 643.2 Q(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.684 G .183 (iltin commands, the).2 F F2(\(\()2.683 E F0 .183(compound command, and) 2.683 F F2 .183(Arithmetic Expansion)2.683 F F0 2.683(\). Ev)B .183 -(aluation is done in)-.25 F<8c78>108 655.2 Q 1.058(ed-width inte)-.15 F +(aluation is done in)-.25 F<8c78>108 655.2 Q 1.057(ed-width inte)-.15 F 1.057(gers with no check for o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r\215o).15 E 2.357 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 1.057(hough di).65 F 1.057 -(vision by 0 is trapped and \215agged as an error)-.25 F(.)-.55 E .828 +(vision by 0 is trapped and \215agged as an error)-.25 F(.)-.55 E .829 (The operators and their precedence, associati)108 667.2 R(vity)-.25 E 3.329(,a)-.65 G .829(nd v)-3.329 F .829 -(alues are the same as in the C language.)-.25 F .829(The fol-)5.829 F -(lo)108 679.2 Q .44(wing list of operators is grouped into le)-.25 F --.15(ve)-.25 G .439(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 F .439(The le) -5.439 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .439(ls are listed in order).15 F +(alues are the same as in the C language.)-.25 F .828(The fol-)5.828 F +(lo)108 679.2 Q .439(wing list of operators is grouped into le)-.25 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G .439(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 F .44(The le) +5.44 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .44(ls are listed in order).15 F (of decreasing precedence.)108 691.2 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q (2018 June 8)150.675 E(31)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 32 32 @@ -4079,49 +4081,49 @@ F2(||)108 288 Q F0(logical OR)144 288 Q F1 -.2(ex)108 300 S(pr).2 E F2 F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(comma)144 360 Q .68(Shell v)108 376.8 R .68 (ariables are allo)-.25 F .68(wed as operands; parameter e)-.25 F .68 (xpansion is performed before the e)-.15 F .68(xpression is e)-.15 F --.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.508(ated. W)108 388.8 R 1.008(ithin an e)-.4 -F 1.008(xpression, shell v)-.15 F 1.007 +-.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.507(ated. W)108 388.8 R 1.007(ithin an e)-.4 +F 1.007(xpression, shell v)-.15 F 1.007 (ariables may also be referenced by name without using the parameter) --.25 F -.15(ex)108 400.8 S 1.04(pansion syntax.).15 F 3.54(As)6.04 G -1.04(hell v)-3.54 F 1.04(ariable that is null or unset e)-.25 F -.25(va) --.25 G 1.041(luates to 0 when referenced by name without).25 F 1.467 -(using the parameter e)108 412.8 R 1.467(xpansion syntax.)-.15 F 1.467 -(The v)6.467 F 1.467(alue of a v)-.25 F 1.467(ariable is e)-.25 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G 1.466(luated as an arithmetic e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E 1.257 +-.25 F -.15(ex)108 400.8 S 1.041(pansion syntax.).15 F 3.541(As)6.041 G +1.041(hell v)-3.541 F 1.041(ariable that is null or unset e)-.25 F -.25 +(va)-.25 G 1.04(luates to 0 when referenced by name without).25 F 1.466 +(using the parameter e)108 412.8 R 1.466(xpansion syntax.)-.15 F 1.467 +(The v)6.466 F 1.467(alue of a v)-.25 F 1.467(ariable is e)-.25 F -.25 +(va)-.25 G 1.467(luated as an arithmetic e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E 1.258 (when it is referenced, or when a v)108 424.8 R 1.258 (ariable which has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.758(nt).15 G(he) --3.758 E F1(inte)3.758 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib)3.758 E 1.258 -(ute using)-.2 F F2(declar)3.758 E 3.758<65ad>-.18 G(i)-3.758 E F0(is) -3.758 E .333(assigned a v)108 436.8 R 2.832(alue. A)-.25 F .332(null v) +-3.758 E F1(inte)3.758 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib)3.758 E 1.257 +(ute using)-.2 F F2(declar)3.757 E 3.757<65ad>-.18 G(i)-3.757 E F0(is) +3.757 E .332(assigned a v)108 436.8 R 2.832(alue. A)-.25 F .332(null v) 2.832 F .332(alue e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .332(luates to 0.).25 F 2.832 (As)5.332 G .332(hell v)-2.832 F .332(ariable need not ha)-.25 F .632 -.15(ve i)-.2 H(ts).15 E F1(inte)2.832 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib) -2.832 E .332(ute turned on)-.2 F(to be used in an e)108 448.8 Q +2.832 E .333(ute turned on)-.2 F(to be used in an e)108 448.8 Q (xpression.)-.15 E 1.406 (Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.)108 465.6 -R 3.906(Al)6.406 G 1.407(eading 0x or 0X denotes he)-3.906 F(xadecimal.) --.15 E .113(Otherwise, numbers tak)108 477.6 R 2.613(et)-.1 G .113 -(he form [)-2.613 F F1(base#)A F0 .112(]n, where the optional)B F1(base) -2.612 E F0 .112(is a decimal number between 2 and 64)2.612 F .533 -(representing the arithmetic base, and)108 489.6 R F1(n)3.033 E F0 .533 -(is a number in that base.)3.033 F(If)5.534 E F1(base#)3.034 E F0 .534 -(is omitted, then base 10 is used.)3.034 F .513(When specifying)108 -501.6 R F1(n)3.013 E F0 3.013(,t)C .513 -(he digits greater than 9 are represented by the lo)-3.013 F .512 -(wercase letters, the uppercase letters,)-.25 F .942 -(@, and _, in that order)108 513.6 R 5.942(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.942 E F1(base) -3.442 E F0 .942(is less than or equal to 36, lo)3.442 F .943 +R 3.906(Al)6.406 G 1.406(eading 0x or 0X denotes he)-3.906 F(xadecimal.) +-.15 E .112(Otherwise, numbers tak)108 477.6 R 2.612(et)-.1 G .112 +(he form [)-2.612 F F1(base#)A F0 .112(]n, where the optional)B F1(base) +2.612 E F0 .113(is a decimal number between 2 and 64)2.612 F .534 +(representing the arithmetic base, and)108 489.6 R F1(n)3.034 E F0 .534 +(is a number in that base.)3.034 F(If)5.533 E F1(base#)3.033 E F0 .533 +(is omitted, then base 10 is used.)3.033 F .512(When specifying)108 +501.6 R F1(n)3.012 E F0 3.012(,t)C .512 +(he digits greater than 9 are represented by the lo)-3.012 F .513 +(wercase letters, the uppercase letters,)-.25 F .943 +(@, and _, in that order)108 513.6 R 5.943(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.943 E F1(base) +3.443 E F0 .942(is less than or equal to 36, lo)3.443 F .942 (wercase and uppercase letters may be used)-.25 F (interchangeably to represent numbers between 10 and 35.)108 525.6 Q -.235(Operators are e)108 542.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G .235 +.234(Operators are e)108 542.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G .234 (luated in order of precedence.).25 F(Sub-e)5.234 E .234 -(xpressions in parentheses are e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .234 +(xpressions in parentheses are e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .235 (luated \214rst and may).25 F -.15(ove)108 554.4 S (rride the precedence rules abo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E/F3 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDITION)72 571.2 Q(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.219 E F0 .255 -(Conditional e)108 583.2 R .255(xpressions are used by the)-.15 F F2([[) +/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDITION)72 571.2 Q(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.219 E F0 .256 +(Conditional e)108 583.2 R .256(xpressions are used by the)-.15 F F2([[) 2.755 E F0 .255(compound command and the)2.755 F F2(test)2.755 E F0(and) -2.755 E F2([)2.756 E F0 -.2(bu)2.756 G .256(iltin commands to test).2 F +2.755 E F2([)2.755 E F0 -.2(bu)2.755 G .255(iltin commands to test).2 F .77(\214le attrib)108 595.2 R .77 (utes and perform string and arithmetic comparisons.)-.2 F .77 (Expressions are formed from the follo)5.77 F(wing)-.25 E .426 @@ -4135,21 +4137,21 @@ R 3.906(Al)6.406 G 1.407(eading 0x or 0X denotes he)-3.906 F(xadecimal.) .589(will emulate them internally with this beha)108 631.2 R .589 (vior: If an)-.2 F(y)-.15 E F1(\214le)3.089 E F0(ar)3.089 E .589 (gument to one of the primaries is of the form)-.18 F F1(/de)108 643.2 Q -(v/fd/n)-.15 E F0 2.917(,t)C .417(hen \214le descriptor)-2.917 F F1(n) +(v/fd/n)-.15 E F0 2.916(,t)C .416(hen \214le descriptor)-2.916 F F1(n) 2.917 E F0 .417(is check)2.917 F 2.917(ed. If)-.1 F(the)2.917 E F1 (\214le)2.917 E F0(ar)2.917 E .417 -(gument to one of the primaries is one of)-.18 F F1(/de)2.916 E(v/stdin) +(gument to one of the primaries is one of)-.18 F F1(/de)2.917 E(v/stdin) -.15 E F0(,)A F1(/de)108 655.2 Q(v/stdout)-.15 E F0 2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5 E F1 (/de)2.5 E(v/stderr)-.15 E F0 2.5<2c8c>C (le descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respecti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 2.5 -(,i)-.65 G 2.5(sc)-2.5 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed.)-.1 E .721 +(,i)-.65 G 2.5(sc)-2.5 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed.)-.1 E .722 (Unless otherwise speci\214ed, primaries that operate on \214les follo) -108 672 R 3.221(ws)-.25 G .722(ymbolic links and operate on the tar) +108 672 R 3.221(ws)-.25 G .721(ymbolic links and operate on the tar) -3.221 F(get)-.18 E(of the link, rather than the link itself.)108 684 Q -1.096(When used with)108 702 R F2([[)3.596 E F0 3.596(,t)C(he)-3.596 E -F2(<)3.596 E F0(and)3.595 E F2(>)3.595 E F0 1.095(operators sort le) -3.595 F 1.095(xicographically using the current locale.)-.15 F(The)6.095 -E F2(test)3.595 E F0(com-)3.595 E(mand sorts using ASCII ordering.)108 +1.095(When used with)108 702 R F2([[)3.595 E F0 3.595(,t)C(he)-3.595 E +F2(<)3.595 E F0(and)3.595 E F2(>)3.595 E F0 1.095(operators sort le) +3.595 F 1.095(xicographically using the current locale.)-.15 F(The)6.096 +E F2(test)3.596 E F0(com-)3.596 E(mand sorts using ASCII ordering.)108 714 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(32)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 33 33 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -4212,10 +4214,10 @@ A F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 372 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0 396 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0(is older than)2.5 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri)-2.5 G(f)-2.5 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G (ists and).15 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0(does not.)2.5 E F1108 408 Q F2 -(optname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 420 S .262(ue if the shell option).35 F F2 +(optname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 420 S .263(ue if the shell option).35 F F2 (optname)2.992 E F0 .262(is enabled.)2.942 F .262 (See the list of options under the description of the)5.262 F F1 -2.763 E F0(option to the)144 432 Q F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +2.762 E F0(option to the)144 432 Q F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltin belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F1108 444 Q F2(varname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 456 S(ue if the shell v).35 E(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)2.79 E F0(is set \(has been assigned a v)2.68 E(alue\).)-.25 E F1108 @@ -4226,12 +4228,12 @@ E F0(is set \(has been assigned a v)2.68 E(alue\).)-.25 E F1108 108 516 Q F1108 528 Q F2(string)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 540 S (ue if the length of).35 E F2(string)2.84 E F0(is non-zero.)2.72 E F2 (string1)108 556.8 Q F1(==)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E(string1)108 568.8 Q F1 -(=)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 580.8 S .862 +(=)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 580.8 S .861 (ue if the strings are equal.).35 F F1(=)5.861 E F0 .861 -(should be used with the)3.361 F F1(test)3.361 E F0 .861 -(command for POSIX conformance.)3.361 F .446(When used with the)144 +(should be used with the)3.361 F F1(test)3.361 E F0 .862 +(command for POSIX conformance.)3.362 F .447(When used with the)144 592.8 R F1([[)2.946 E F0 .446 -(command, this performs pattern matching as described abo)2.946 F .747 +(command, this performs pattern matching as described abo)2.946 F .746 -.15(ve \()-.15 H F1(Compound).15 E(Commands)144 604.8 Q F0(\).)A F2 (string1)108 621.6 Q F1(!=)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 633.6 S (ue if the strings are not equal.).35 E F2(string1)108 650.4 Q F1(<)2.5 @@ -4249,68 +4251,68 @@ BP (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)108.33 84 Q(g1)-.37 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(OP)2.5 E F1(ar)2.5 E(g2)-.37 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(OP)144 96 Q F0 .385 -(is one of)2.635 F F2(\255eq)2.885 E F0(,)A F2(\255ne)2.885 E F0(,)A F2 +(is one of)2.634 F F2(\255eq)2.885 E F0(,)A F2(\255ne)2.885 E F0(,)A F2 (\255lt)2.885 E F0(,)A F2(\255le)2.885 E F0(,)A F2(\255gt)2.885 E F0 2.885(,o)C(r)-2.885 E F2(\255ge)2.885 E F0 5.385(.T)C .385 -(hese arithmetic binary operators return true if)-5.385 F F1(ar)2.884 E +(hese arithmetic binary operators return true if)-5.385 F F1(ar)2.885 E (g1)-.37 E F0 .845(is equal to, not equal to, less than, less than or e\ qual to, greater than, or greater than or equal to)144 108 R F1(ar)144 -120 Q(g2)-.37 E F0 3.59(,r)C(especti)-3.59 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.) --.65 E F1(Ar)7.1 E(g1)-.37 E F0(and)3.59 E F1(ar)3.92 E(g2)-.37 E F0 -1.089(may be positi)3.61 F 1.389 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 3.589(rn).15 G -2.25 --.15(eg a)-3.589 H(ti).15 E 1.389 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E 3.589 -(gers. When)-.15 F 1.089(used with the)3.589 F F2([[)3.589 E F0 -(command,)144 132 Q F1(Ar)4.219 E(g1)-.37 E F0(and)3.209 E F1(Ar)4.219 E -(g2)-.37 E F0 .71(are e)3.23 F -.25(va)-.25 G .71 -(luated as arithmetic e).25 F 3.21(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F3 .71 -(ARITHMETIC EV)3.21 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)144 144 Q F0(abo)2.25 -E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIMPLE COMMAND EXP) -72 160.8 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .614(When a simple command is e)108 172.8 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .614(cuted, the shell performs the follo).15 F .613 -(wing e)-.25 F .613(xpansions, assignments, and redi-)-.15 F -(rections, from left to right.)108 184.8 Q(1.)108 201.6 Q 1.848(The w) -144 201.6 R 1.848(ords that the parser has mark)-.1 F 1.848(ed as v)-.1 -F 1.849(ariable assignments \(those preceding the command)-.25 F +120 Q(g2)-.37 E F0 3.589(,r)C(especti)-3.589 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E +(.)-.65 E F1(Ar)7.099 E(g1)-.37 E F0(and)3.589 E F1(ar)3.919 E(g2)-.37 E +F0 1.089(may be positi)3.609 F 1.389 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 3.589(rn).15 G +-2.25 -.15(eg a)-3.589 H(ti).15 E 1.389 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E 3.59 +(gers. When)-.15 F 1.09(used with the)3.59 F F2([[)3.59 E F0(command,) +144 132 Q F1(Ar)4.22 E(g1)-.37 E F0(and)3.21 E F1(Ar)4.22 E(g2)-.37 E F0 +.71(are e)3.23 F -.25(va)-.25 G .71(luated as arithmetic e).25 F 3.209 +(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F3 .709(ARITHMETIC EV)3.209 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-) +-.54 E(TION)144 144 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E/F4 10.95 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIMPLE COMMAND EXP)72 160.8 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .613 +(When a simple command is e)108 172.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .614 +(cuted, the shell performs the follo).15 F .614(wing e)-.25 F .614 +(xpansions, assignments, and redi-)-.15 F(rections, from left to right.) +108 184.8 Q(1.)108 201.6 Q 1.849(The w)144 201.6 R 1.849 +(ords that the parser has mark)-.1 F 1.848(ed as v)-.1 F 1.848 +(ariable assignments \(those preceding the command)-.25 F (name\) and redirections are sa)144 213.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(df).15 G -(or later processing.)-2.5 E(2.)108 230.4 Q 1.164(The w)144 230.4 R -1.164(ords that are not v)-.1 F 1.164 -(ariable assignments or redirections are e)-.25 F 3.663(xpanded. If)-.15 -F(an)3.663 E 3.663(yw)-.15 G 1.163(ords remain)-3.763 F .775(after e)144 -242.4 R .775(xpansion, the \214rst w)-.15 F .775(ord is tak)-.1 F .775 +(or later processing.)-2.5 E(2.)108 230.4 Q 1.163(The w)144 230.4 R +1.163(ords that are not v)-.1 F 1.164 +(ariable assignments or redirections are e)-.25 F 3.664(xpanded. If)-.15 +F(an)3.664 E 3.664(yw)-.15 G 1.164(ords remain)-3.764 F .776(after e)144 +242.4 R .776(xpansion, the \214rst w)-.15 F .776(ord is tak)-.1 F .775 (en to be the name of the command and the remaining w)-.1 F(ords)-.1 E (are the ar)144 254.4 Q(guments.)-.18 E(3.)108 271.2 Q (Redirections are performed as described abo)144 271.2 Q .3 -.15(ve u) -.15 H(nder).15 E F3(REDIRECTION)2.5 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(4.) -108 288 Q .717(The te)144 288 R .717(xt after the)-.15 F F2(=)3.217 E F0 +108 288 Q .716(The te)144 288 R .717(xt after the)-.15 F F2(=)3.217 E F0 .717(in each v)3.217 F .717(ariable assignment under)-.25 F .717 (goes tilde e)-.18 F .717(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F(xpansion,)-.15 E -.339(command substitution, arithmetic e)144 300 R .339 +.34(command substitution, arithmetic e)144 300 R .339 (xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.839(lb).25 G .339 (efore being assigned to the v)-2.839 F(ari-)-.25 E(able.)144 312 Q .332 (If no command name results, the v)108 328.8 R .332 (ariable assignments af)-.25 F .332(fect the current shell en)-.25 F -2.832(vironment. Otherwise,)-.4 F(the)2.832 E -.25(va)108 340.8 S .757 +2.833(vironment. Otherwise,)-.4 F(the)2.833 E -.25(va)108 340.8 S .757 (riables are added to the en).25 F .757(vironment of the e)-.4 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .757(cuted command and do not af).15 F .757 -(fect the current shell en)-.25 F(vi-)-.4 E 3.177(ronment. If)108 352.8 -R(an)3.177 E 3.177(yo)-.15 G 3.177(ft)-3.177 G .677 -(he assignments attempts to assign a v)-3.177 F .677 -(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .676(ariable, an error occurs, and)-.25 F -(the command e)108 364.8 Q(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 E .149 +(fect the current shell en)-.25 F(vi-)-.4 E 3.176(ronment. If)108 352.8 +R(an)3.176 E 3.176(yo)-.15 G 3.176(ft)-3.176 G .677 +(he assignments attempts to assign a v)-3.176 F .677 +(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .677(ariable, an error occurs, and)-.25 F +(the command e)108 364.8 Q(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 E .15 (If no command name results, redirections are performed, b)108 381.6 R -.149(ut do not af)-.2 F .15(fect the current shell en)-.25 F 2.65 +.149(ut do not af)-.2 F .149(fect the current shell en)-.25 F 2.649 (vironment. A)-.4 F(redirection error causes the command to e)108 393.6 Q(xit with a non-zero status.)-.15 E 1.064 (If there is a command name left after e)108 410.4 R 1.064(xpansion, e) -.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.064(cution proceeds as described belo).15 F -4.864 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.064(therwise, the).65 F .068(command e)108 -422.4 R 2.568(xits. If)-.15 F .069(one of the e)2.568 F .069 -(xpansions contained a command substitution, the e)-.15 F .069 -(xit status of the command)-.15 F .467(is the e)108 434.4 R .466 -(xit status of the last command substitution performed.)-.15 F .466 +4.864 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.064(therwise, the).65 F .069(command e)108 +422.4 R 2.569(xits. If)-.15 F .069(one of the e)2.569 F .069 +(xpansions contained a command substitution, the e)-.15 F .068 +(xit status of the command)-.15 F .466(is the e)108 434.4 R .466 +(xit status of the last command substitution performed.)-.15 F .467 (If there were no command substitutions, the)5.466 F(command e)108 446.4 Q(xits with a status of zero.)-.15 E F4(COMMAND EXECUTION)72 463.2 Q F0 -.546(After a command has been split into w)108 475.2 R .547 +.547(After a command has been split into w)108 475.2 R .546 (ords, if it results in a simple command and an optional list of ar)-.1 F(gu-)-.18 E(ments, the follo)108 487.2 Q(wing actions are tak)-.25 E (en.)-.1 E .379(If the command name contains no slashes, the shell atte\ @@ -4321,51 +4323,52 @@ mpts to locate it.)108 504 R .379(If there e)5.379 F .379 E F5(.)A F0 .246(If the name does not match a func-)4.746 F (tion, the shell searches for it in the list of shell b)108 528 Q 2.5 (uiltins. If)-.2 F 2.5(am)2.5 G(atch is found, that b)-2.5 E -(uiltin is in)-.2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .31 -(If the name is neither a shell function nor a b)108 544.8 R .309 -(uiltin, and contains no slashes,)-.2 F F2(bash)2.809 E F0 .309 -(searches each element of)2.809 F(the)108 556.8 Q F3 -.666(PA)3.162 G -(TH)-.189 E F0 .662(for a directory containing an e)2.912 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G .662(cutable \214le by that name.).15 F F2(Bash)5.662 E F0 .663 -(uses a hash table to remember)3.162 F 1.915(the full pathnames of e)108 +(uiltin is in)-.2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .309 +(If the name is neither a shell function nor a b)108 544.8 R .31 +(uiltin, and contains no slashes,)-.2 F F2(bash)2.81 E F0 .31 +(searches each element of)2.81 F(the)108 556.8 Q F3 -.666(PA)3.163 G(TH) +-.189 E F0 .662(for a directory containing an e)2.913 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.662(cutable \214le by that name.).15 F F2(Bash)5.662 E F0 .662 +(uses a hash table to remember)3.162 F 1.914(the full pathnames of e)108 568.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.915(cutable \214les \(see).15 F F2(hash)4.415 E -F0(under)4.415 E F3 1.915(SHELL B)4.415 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.914(TIN COMMANDS) --.828 F F0(belo)4.164 E 4.414(w\). A)-.25 F(full)4.414 E .719 -(search of the directories in)108 580.8 R F3 -.666(PA)3.219 G(TH)-.189 E -F0 .72(is performed only if the command is not found in the hash table.) -2.969 F .72(If the)5.72 F .956(search is unsuccessful, the shell search\ -es for a de\214ned shell function named)108 592.8 R F2(command_not_f) -3.455 E(ound_han-)-.25 E(dle)108 604.8 Q F0 6.005(.I)C 3.505(ft)-6.005 G -1.005(hat function e)-3.505 F 1.005(xists, it is in)-.15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G 3.506(di).1 G 3.506(nas)-3.506 G 1.006(eparate e)-3.506 F --.15(xe)-.15 G 1.006(cution en).15 F 1.006 -(vironment with the original command)-.4 F .256 -(and the original command')108 616.8 R 2.756(sa)-.55 G -.18(rg)-2.756 G -.256(uments as its ar).18 F .256(guments, and the function')-.18 F 2.755 -(se)-.55 G .255(xit status becomes the e)-2.905 F .255(xit sta-)-.15 F +F0(under)4.415 E F3 1.915(SHELL B)4.415 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.915(TIN COMMANDS) +-.828 F F0(belo)4.165 E 4.415(w\). A)-.25 F(full)4.415 E .72 +(search of the directories in)108 580.8 R F3 -.666(PA)3.22 G(TH)-.189 E +F0 .719 +(is performed only if the command is not found in the hash table.)2.97 F +.719(If the)5.719 F .956(search is unsuccessful, the shell searches for\ + a de\214ned shell function named)108 592.8 R F2(command_not_f)3.456 E +(ound_han-)-.25 E(dle)108 604.8 Q F0 6.006(.I)C 3.506(ft)-6.006 G 1.006 +(hat function e)-3.506 F 1.006(xists, it is in)-.15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 +(ke).2 G 3.506(di).1 G 3.506(nas)-3.506 G 1.005(eparate e)-3.506 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.005(cution en).15 F 1.005 +(vironment with the original command)-.4 F .255 +(and the original command')108 616.8 R 2.755(sa)-.55 G -.18(rg)-2.755 G +.255(uments as its ar).18 F .256(guments, and the function')-.18 F 2.756 +(se)-.55 G .256(xit status becomes the e)-2.906 F .256(xit sta-)-.15 F .263(tus of that subshell.)108 628.8 R .263(If that function is not de\ \214ned, the shell prints an error message and returns an e)5.263 F .263 (xit sta-)-.15 F(tus of 127.)108 640.8 Q 1.089(If the search is success\ ful, or if the command name contains one or more slashes, the shell e) -108 657.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.089(cutes the).15 F .197 -(named program in a separate e)108 669.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .197 +108 657.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.09(cutes the).15 F .198 +(named program in a separate e)108 669.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .198 (cution en).15 F 2.698(vironment. Ar)-.4 F .198 -(gument 0 is set to the name gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .198 +(gument 0 is set to the name gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .197 (n, and the remain-).15 F(ing ar)108 681.6 Q (guments to the command are set to the ar)-.18 E(guments gi)-.18 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G(n, if an).15 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.809(If this e)108 698.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.809(cution f).15 F 1.809 (ails because the \214le is not in e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.809 (cutable format, and the \214le is not a directory).15 F 4.309(,i)-.65 G -4.309(ti)-4.309 G(s)-4.309 E .677(assumed to be a)108 710.4 R F1 .678 -(shell script)3.177 F F0 3.178(,a\214)C .678 +4.309(ti)-4.309 G(s)-4.309 E .678(assumed to be a)108 710.4 R F1 .678 +(shell script)3.178 F F0 3.178(,a\214)C .678 (le containing shell commands.)-3.178 F 3.178(As)5.678 G .678 -(ubshell is spa)-3.178 F .678(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .678 -(cute it.).15 F(This)5.678 E .33 -(subshell reinitializes itself, so that the ef)108 722.4 R .33 -(fect is as if a ne)-.25 F 2.829(ws)-.25 G .329(hell had been in)-2.829 -F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.829(dt).1 G 2.829(oh)-2.829 G .329 -(andle the script, with)-2.829 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8) +(ubshell is spa)-3.178 F .677(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .677 +(cute it.).15 F(This)5.677 E .329 +(subshell reinitializes itself, so that the ef)108 722.4 R .329 +(fect is as if a ne)-.25 F 2.83(ws)-.25 G .33(hell had been in)-2.83 F +-.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.83(dt).1 G 2.83(oh)-2.83 G .33 +(andle the script, with)-2.83 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8) 150.675 E(34)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 35 35 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -4378,34 +4381,34 @@ R 1.219 -.15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(hash)3.719 E F0(belo)3.719 E 3.719(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.719 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL)3.719 E -.09(BU)108 96 S(IL) .09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\))A F0 -(are retained by the child.)2.25 E .348(If the program is a \214le be) -108 112.8 R .348(ginning with)-.15 F F1(#!)2.848 E F0 2.848(,t)C .347(h\ +(are retained by the child.)2.25 E .347(If the program is a \214le be) +108 112.8 R .347(ginning with)-.15 F F1(#!)2.847 E F0 2.847(,t)C .348(h\ e remainder of the \214rst line speci\214es an interpreter for the pro-) --2.848 F 3.178(gram. The)108 124.8 R .678(shell e)3.178 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +-2.847 F 3.178(gram. The)108 124.8 R .678(shell e)3.178 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .678(cutes the speci\214ed interpreter on operating systems that do not\ - handle this e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutable).15 E 1.193(format themselv) -108 136.8 R 3.693(es. The)-.15 F(ar)3.693 E 1.193 -(guments to the interpreter consist of a single optional ar)-.18 F 1.192 -(gument follo)-.18 F 1.192(wing the)-.25 F 1.13 + handle this e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutable).15 E 1.192(format themselv) +108 136.8 R 3.692(es. The)-.15 F(ar)3.693 E 1.193 +(guments to the interpreter consist of a single optional ar)-.18 F 1.193 +(gument follo)-.18 F 1.193(wing the)-.25 F 1.131 (interpreter name on the \214rst line of the program, follo)108 148.8 R -1.131(wed by the name of the program, follo)-.25 F 1.131(wed by the)-.25 -F(command ar)108 160.8 Q(guments, if an)-.18 E -.65(y.)-.15 G/F4 10.95 +1.13(wed by the name of the program, follo)-.25 F 1.13(wed by the)-.25 F +(command ar)108 160.8 Q(guments, if an)-.18 E -.65(y.)-.15 G/F4 10.95 /Times-Bold@0 SF(COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIR)72 177.6 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 (The shell has an)108 189.6 Q/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G (ecution en).2 E(vir)-.4 E(onment)-.45 E F0 2.5(,w)C -(hich consists of the follo)-2.5 E(wing:)-.25 E<83>108 206.4 Q 1.406 +(hich consists of the follo)-2.5 E(wing:)-.25 E<83>108 206.4 Q 1.405 (open \214les inherited by the shell at in)144 206.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -1.405(cation, as modi\214ed by redirections supplied to the).2 F F1 -(exec)3.905 E F0 -.2(bu)144 218.4 S(iltin).2 E<83>108 235.2 Q +1.406(cation, as modi\214ed by redirections supplied to the).2 F F1 +(exec)3.906 E F0 -.2(bu)144 218.4 S(iltin).2 E<83>108 235.2 Q (the current w)144 235.2 Q(orking directory as set by)-.1 E F1(cd)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(pushd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5 E F1(popd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5 (ri)-2.5 G(nherited by the shell at in)-2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation).2 E <83>108 252 Q(the \214le creation mode mask as set by)144 252 Q F1 (umask)2.5 E F0(or inherited from the shell')2.5 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G(arent) -2.5 E<83>108 268.8 Q(current traps set by)144 268.8 Q F1(trap)2.5 E F0 -<83>108 285.6 Q .256(shell parameters that are set by v)144 285.6 R .256 -(ariable assignment or with)-.25 F F1(set)2.756 E F0 .257 -(or inherited from the shell')2.756 F 2.757(sp)-.55 G(arent)-2.757 E +<83>108 285.6 Q .257(shell parameters that are set by v)144 285.6 R .256 +(ariable assignment or with)-.25 F F1(set)2.756 E F0 .256 +(or inherited from the shell')2.756 F 2.756(sp)-.55 G(arent)-2.756 E (in the en)144 297.6 Q(vironment)-.4 E<83>108 314.4 Q (shell functions de\214ned during e)144 314.4 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cution or inherited from the shell').15 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G @@ -4417,53 +4420,53 @@ F0(,)A F1(pushd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5 E F1(popd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5 <83>108 381.6 Q -.25(va)144 381.6 S (rious process IDs, including those of background jobs, the v).25 E (alue of)-.25 E F1($$)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd the v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E -F2(PPID)2.5 E F0 .427(When a simple command other than a b)108 398.4 R -.426(uiltin or shell function is to be e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .426 -(cuted, it is in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.926(di).1 G 2.926(nas) --2.926 G(eparate)-2.926 E -.15(exe)108 410.4 S .133(cution en).15 F .133 +F2(PPID)2.5 E F0 .426(When a simple command other than a b)108 398.4 R +.427(uiltin or shell function is to be e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .427 +(cuted, it is in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.927(di).1 G 2.927(nas) +-2.927 G(eparate)-2.927 E -.15(exe)108 410.4 S .134(cution en).15 F .134 (vironment that consists of the follo)-.4 F 2.634(wing. Unless)-.25 F -.134(otherwise noted, the v)2.634 F .134(alues are inherited from)-.25 F -(the shell.)108 422.4 Q<83>108 439.2 Q 1.056(the shell')144 439.2 R -3.556(so)-.55 G 1.056(pen \214les, plus an)-3.556 F 3.556(ym)-.15 G +.133(otherwise noted, the v)2.634 F .133(alues are inherited from)-.25 F +(the shell.)108 422.4 Q<83>108 439.2 Q 1.055(the shell')144 439.2 R +3.555(so)-.55 G 1.055(pen \214les, plus an)-3.555 F 3.556(ym)-.15 G 1.056 (odi\214cations and additions speci\214ed by redirections to the com-) -3.556 F(mand)144 451.2 Q<83>108 468 Q(the current w)144 468 Q (orking directory)-.1 E<83>108 484.8 Q(the \214le creation mode mask)144 -484.8 Q<83>108 501.6 Q .856(shell v)144 501.6 R .857 +484.8 Q<83>108 501.6 Q .857(shell v)144 501.6 R .857 (ariables and functions mark)-.25 F .857(ed for e)-.1 F .857 (xport, along with v)-.15 F .857(ariables e)-.25 F .857 (xported for the command,)-.15 F(passed in the en)144 513.6 Q(vironment) --.4 E<83>108 530.4 Q .307(traps caught by the shell are reset to the v) -144 530.4 R .306(alues inherited from the shell')-.25 F 2.806(sp)-.55 G -.306(arent, and traps ignored)-2.806 F(by the shell are ignored)144 +-.4 E<83>108 530.4 Q .306(traps caught by the shell are reset to the v) +144 530.4 R .307(alues inherited from the shell')-.25 F 2.807(sp)-.55 G +.307(arent, and traps ignored)-2.807 F(by the shell are ignored)144 542.4 Q 2.5(Ac)108 559.2 S(ommand in)-2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5 (di).1 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(his separate en)-2.5 E(vironment cannot af)-.4 E (fect the shell')-.25 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe)-2.65 G(cution en).15 E (vironment.)-.4 E .577(Command substitution, commands grouped with pare\ ntheses, and asynchronous commands are in)108 576 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke) -.2 G 3.078(di).1 G(n)-3.078 E 2.745(as)108 588 S .245(ubshell en)-2.745 -F .245(vironment that is a duplicate of the shell en)-.4 F .244 -(vironment, e)-.4 F .244(xcept that traps caught by the shell are)-.15 F -.358(reset to the v)108 600 R .358 +.2 G 3.077(di).1 G(n)-3.077 E 2.744(as)108 588 S .244(ubshell en)-2.744 +F .244(vironment that is a duplicate of the shell en)-.4 F .245 +(vironment, e)-.4 F .245(xcept that traps caught by the shell are)-.15 F +.359(reset to the v)108 600 R .358 (alues that the shell inherited from its parent at in)-.25 F -.2(vo)-.4 -G 2.858(cation. Builtin).2 F .359(commands that are in)2.859 F -.2(vo) --.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E .857(as part of a pipeline are also e)108 612 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .856(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 3.356 -(vironment. Changes)-.4 F .856(made to the subshell en)3.356 F(viron-) +G 2.858(cation. Builtin).2 F .358(commands that are in)2.858 F -.2(vo) +-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E .856(as part of a pipeline are also e)108 612 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .856(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 3.357 +(vironment. Changes)-.4 F .857(made to the subshell en)3.357 F(viron-) -.4 E(ment cannot af)108 624 Q(fect the shell')-.25 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15 -(xe)-2.65 G(cution en).15 E(vironment.)-.4 E 1.376(Subshells spa)108 -640.8 R 1.376(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.377 +(xe)-2.65 G(cution en).15 E(vironment.)-.4 E 1.377(Subshells spa)108 +640.8 R 1.377(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.377 (cute command substitutions inherit the v).15 F 1.377(alue of the)-.25 F -F13.877 E F0 1.377(option from the parent)3.877 F 2.5(shell. When) +F13.876 E F0 1.376(option from the parent)3.876 F 2.5(shell. When) 108 652.8 R(not in)2.5 E F5(posix mode)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(bash)2.5 E F0 -(clears the)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(option in such subshells.)2.5 E .405 -(If a command is follo)108 669.6 R .405(wed by a)-.25 F F1(&)2.905 E F0 -.404(and job control is not acti)2.905 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.904(,t).15 G -.404(he def)-2.904 F .404(ault standard input for the command)-.1 F .197 -(is the empty \214le)108 681.6 R F5(/de)2.697 E(v/null)-.15 E F0 5.197 -(.O)C .197(therwise, the in)-5.197 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.697(dc) -.1 G .198(ommand inherits the \214le descriptors of the calling shell) --2.697 F(as modi\214ed by redirections.)108 693.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 +(clears the)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(option in such subshells.)2.5 E .404 +(If a command is follo)108 669.6 R .404(wed by a)-.25 F F1(&)2.904 E F0 +.405(and job control is not acti)2.904 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.905(,t).15 G +.405(he def)-2.905 F .405(ault standard input for the command)-.1 F .198 +(is the empty \214le)108 681.6 R F5(/de)2.698 E(v/null)-.15 E F0 5.198 +(.O)C .198(therwise, the in)-5.198 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.698(dc) +.1 G .197(ommand inherits the \214le descriptors of the calling shell) +-2.698 F(as modi\214ed by redirections.)108 693.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(35)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 36 36 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -4471,25 +4474,25 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(ENVIR)72 84 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 2.354 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(ENVIR)72 84 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 2.353 (When a program is in)108 96 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.853(di).1 G 4.853(ti)-4.853 G 4.853(sg)-4.853 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)-4.853 H 4.853(na) .25 G 4.853(na)-4.853 G 2.353(rray of strings called the)-4.853 F/F2 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(en)4.853 E(vir)-.4 E(onment)-.45 E F0 7.353(.T).68 G -2.353(his is a list of)-7.353 F F2(name)108 108 Q F0A F2(value)A F0 +2.354(his is a list of)-7.353 F F2(name)108 108 Q F0A F2(value)A F0 (pairs, of the form)2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(=)A F2(value)A F0(.).18 E -1.485(The shell pro)108 124.8 R 1.485(vides se)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -1.485(ral w).15 F 1.485(ays to manipulate the en)-.1 F 3.985 -(vironment. On)-.4 F(in)3.985 E -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.486 +1.486(The shell pro)108 124.8 R 1.486(vides se)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +1.486(ral w).15 F 1.485(ays to manipulate the en)-.1 F 3.985 +(vironment. On)-.4 F(in)3.985 E -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.485 (cation, the shell scans its o).2 F(wn)-.25 E(en)108 136.8 Q .144(viron\ ment and creates a parameter for each name found, automatically marking\ - it for)-.4 F F2 -.2(ex)2.643 G(port).2 E F0 .143(to child pro-)3.323 F -2.703(cesses. Ex)108 148.8 R .203(ecuted commands inherit the en)-.15 F + it for)-.4 F F2 -.2(ex)2.644 G(port).2 E F0 .144(to child pro-)3.324 F +2.704(cesses. Ex)108 148.8 R .203(ecuted commands inherit the en)-.15 F 2.703(vironment. The)-.4 F/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(export)2.703 E F0(and) 2.703 E F3(declar)2.703 E 2.703<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.703 E F0 .203 -(commands allo)2.703 F 2.704(wp)-.25 G(aram-)-2.704 E 1.153 +(commands allo)2.703 F 2.703(wp)-.25 G(aram-)-2.703 E 1.153 (eters and functions to be added to and deleted from the en)108 160.8 R -3.653(vironment. If)-.4 F 1.153(the v)3.653 F 1.153 +3.653(vironment. If)-.4 F 1.153(the v)3.653 F 1.154 (alue of a parameter in the)-.25 F(en)108 172.8 Q .64 (vironment is modi\214ed, the ne)-.4 F 3.14(wv)-.25 G .64 (alue becomes part of the en)-3.39 F .64(vironment, replacing the old.) @@ -4497,104 +4500,104 @@ ment and creates a parameter for each name found, automatically marking\ R 3.08(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.23 G .58 (cuted command consists of the shell').15 F 3.08(si)-.55 G .58 (nitial en)-3.08 F .58(vironment, whose v)-.4 F .58(alues may be)-.25 F -.3(modi\214ed in the shell, less an)108 196.8 R 2.8(yp)-.15 G .3 -(airs remo)-2.8 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(db).15 G 2.801(yt)-2.8 G(he)-2.801 -E F3(unset)2.801 E F0 .301(command, plus an)2.801 F 2.801(ya)-.15 G .301 -(dditions via the)-2.801 F F3(export)2.801 E F0(and)2.801 E F3(declar) -108 208.8 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E .563(The en)108 -225.6 R .563(vironment for an)-.4 F(y)-.15 E F2 .563(simple command) -3.403 F F0 .562 +.301(modi\214ed in the shell, less an)108 196.8 R 2.801(yp)-.15 G .301 +(airs remo)-2.801 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.801(db).15 G 2.801(yt)-2.801 G(he) +-2.801 E F3(unset)2.801 E F0 .3(command, plus an)2.8 F 2.8(ya)-.15 G .3 +(dditions via the)-2.8 F F3(export)2.8 E F0(and)2.8 E F3(declar)108 +208.8 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E .562(The en)108 +225.6 R .562(vironment for an)-.4 F(y)-.15 E F2 .562(simple command) +3.402 F F0 .563 (or function may be augmented temporarily by pre\214xing it with)3.833 F -.202(parameter assignments, as described abo)108 237.6 R .502 -.15(ve i) +.203(parameter assignments, as described abo)108 237.6 R .502 -.15(ve i) -.15 H(n).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.702 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .202(These assignment statements af)4.702 F -.203(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 249.6 Q +.202(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 249.6 Q (vironment seen by that command.)-.4 E .81(If the)108 266.4 R F3 3.31 E F0 .81(option is set \(see the)3.31 F F3(set)3.31 E F0 -.2(bu) 3.31 G .81(iltin command belo).2 F .81(w\), then)-.25 F F2(all)3.64 E F0 .81(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 278.4 Q (vironment for a command, not just those that precede the command name.) --.4 E(When)108 295.2 Q F3(bash)3.585 E F0(in)3.585 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 -(ke).2 G 3.585(sa).1 G 3.585(ne)-3.585 G 1.085(xternal command, the v) --3.735 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(_)3.585 E F0 1.086 +-.4 E(When)108 295.2 Q F3(bash)3.586 E F0(in)3.586 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 +(ke).2 G 3.586(sa).1 G 3.586(ne)-3.586 G 1.086(xternal command, the v) +-3.736 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(_)3.586 E F0 1.085 (is set to the full \214lename of the command and)3.586 F (passed to that command in its en)108 307.2 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F1 -(EXIT ST)72 324 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .151(The e)108 336 R -.151(xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .151 -(cuted command is the v).15 F .15(alue returned by the)-.25 F F2 -(waitpid)2.65 E F0 .15(system call or equi)2.65 F -.25(va)-.25 G .15 -(lent func-).25 F 2.847(tion. Exit)108 348 R .347(statuses f)2.847 F -.347(all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F -1.647 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .347(he shell may use v).65 F .348(alues abo)-.25 -F .648 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 360 Q 5.507(.E)-.65 G -.507(xit statuses from shell b)-5.507 F .507 +(EXIT ST)72 324 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .15(The e)108 336 R .15 +(xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .15(cuted command is the v).15 +F .151(alue returned by the)-.25 F F2(waitpid)2.651 E F0 .151 +(system call or equi)2.651 F -.25(va)-.25 G .151(lent func-).25 F 2.848 +(tion. Exit)108 348 R .348(statuses f)2.848 F .347 +(all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F +1.647 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .347(he shell may use v).65 F .347(alues abo)-.25 +F .647 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 360 Q 5.506(.E)-.65 G +.506(xit statuses from shell b)-5.506 F .507 (uiltins and compound commands are also limited to this range.)-.2 F -(Under)5.506 E(certain circumstances, the shell will use special v)108 +(Under)5.507 E(certain circumstances, the shell will use special v)108 372 Q(alues to indicate speci\214c f)-.25 E(ailure modes.)-.1 E -.15(Fo) -108 388.8 S 3.372(rt).15 G .872(he shell')-3.372 F 3.372(sp)-.55 G .873 -(urposes, a command which e)-3.372 F .873(xits with a zero e)-.15 F .873 -(xit status has succeeded.)-.15 F .873(An e)5.873 F .873(xit status of) --.15 F .049(zero indicates success.)108 400.8 R 2.549(An)5.049 G .049 -(on-zero e)-2.549 F .049(xit status indicates f)-.15 F 2.549 -(ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .048(ommand terminates on a f) --2.549 F .048(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 412.8 Q F2(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F3(bash) +108 388.8 S 3.373(rt).15 G .873(he shell')-3.373 F 3.373(sp)-.55 G .873 +(urposes, a command which e)-3.373 F .873(xits with a zero e)-.15 F .873 +(xit status has succeeded.)-.15 F .872(An e)5.872 F .872(xit status of) +-.15 F .048(zero indicates success.)108 400.8 R 2.548(An)5.048 G .049 +(on-zero e)-2.548 F .049(xit status indicates f)-.15 F 2.549 +(ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .049(ommand terminates on a f) +-2.549 F .049(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 412.8 Q F2(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F3(bash) 2.5 E F0(uses the v)2.5 E(alue of 128+)-.25 E F2(N)A F0(as the e)2.5 E -(xit status.)-.15 E .404 +(xit status.)-.15 E .405 (If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 429.6 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .404(cute it returns a status of 127.).15 F .405 -(If a command is)5.405 F(found b)108 441.6 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe) +-.15(xe)-.15 G .404(cute it returns a status of 127.).15 F .404 +(If a command is)5.404 F(found b)108 441.6 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe) -.15 G(cutable, the return status is 126.).15 E(If a command f)108 458.4 Q(ails because of an error during e)-.1 E (xpansion or redirection, the e)-.15 E(xit status is greater than zero.) --.15 E .081(Shell b)108 475.2 R .081 +-.15 E .08(Shell b)108 475.2 R .08 (uiltin commands return a status of 0 \()-.2 F F2(true)A F0 2.581(\)i)C -2.581(fs)-2.581 G .08(uccessful, and non-zero \()-2.581 F F2(false)A F0 -2.58(\)i)C 2.58(fa)-2.58 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G .08(rror occurs while)-2.58 F -(the)108 487.2 Q 2.967(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.117 G 2.967(cute. All).15 F --.2(bu)2.967 G .467(iltins return an e).2 F .468 +2.581(fs)-2.581 G .081(uccessful, and non-zero \()-2.581 F F2(false)A F0 +2.581(\)i)C 2.581(fa)-2.581 G 2.581(ne)-2.581 G .081(rror occurs while) +-2.581 F(the)108 487.2 Q 2.968(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.118 G 2.968 +(cute. All).15 F -.2(bu)2.968 G .468(iltins return an e).2 F .468 (xit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage, generally in)-.15 F -.25 -(va)-.4 G .468(lid options or).25 F(missing ar)108 499.2 Q(guments.)-.18 -E F3(Bash)108 516 Q F0 .202(itself returns the e)2.702 F .202 -(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .201 +(va)-.4 G .467(lid options or).25 F(missing ar)108 499.2 Q(guments.)-.18 +E F3(Bash)108 516 Q F0 .201(itself returns the e)2.701 F .202 +(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .202 (cuted, unless a syntax error occurs, in which case).15 F(it e)108 528 Q (xits with a non-zero v)-.15 E 2.5(alue. See)-.25 F(also the)2.5 E F3 (exit)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F1 -(SIGN)72 544.8 Q(ALS)-.219 E F0(When)108 556.8 Q F3(bash)3.182 E F0 .682 -(is interacti)3.182 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.182(,i).15 G 3.182(nt)-3.182 G -.682(he absence of an)-3.182 F 3.183(yt)-.15 G .683(raps, it ignores) --3.183 F F4(SIGTERM)3.183 E F0 .683(\(so that)2.933 F F3 .683(kill 0) -3.183 F F0 .683(does not kill an)3.183 F(interacti)108 568.8 Q .758 -.15 -(ve s)-.25 H .458(hell\), and).15 F F4(SIGINT)2.958 E F0 .458 -(is caught and handled \(so that the)2.708 F F3(wait)2.958 E F0 -.2(bu) -2.958 G .457(iltin is interruptible\).).2 F .457(In all cases,)5.457 F +(SIGN)72 544.8 Q(ALS)-.219 E F0(When)108 556.8 Q F3(bash)3.183 E F0 .683 +(is interacti)3.183 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.183(,i).15 G 3.183(nt)-3.183 G +.683(he absence of an)-3.183 F 3.183(yt)-.15 G .683(raps, it ignores) +-3.183 F F4(SIGTERM)3.183 E F0 .682(\(so that)2.933 F F3 .682(kill 0) +3.182 F F0 .682(does not kill an)3.182 F(interacti)108 568.8 Q .757 -.15 +(ve s)-.25 H .457(hell\), and).15 F F4(SIGINT)2.957 E F0 .458 +(is caught and handled \(so that the)2.707 F F3(wait)2.958 E F0 -.2(bu) +2.958 G .458(iltin is interruptible\).).2 F .458(In all cases,)5.458 F F3(bash)108 580.8 Q F0(ignores)2.5 E F4(SIGQ)2.5 E(UIT)-.09 E F5(.)A F0 (If job control is in ef)4.5 E(fect,)-.25 E F3(bash)2.5 E F0(ignores)2.5 E F4(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F5(,)A F4(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F5(,)A F0(and)2.25 -E F4(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0(Non-b)108 597.6 Q 1.064 -(uiltin commands run by)-.2 F F3(bash)3.564 E F0(ha)3.564 E 1.365 -.15 -(ve s)-.2 H 1.065(ignal handlers set to the v).15 F 1.065 -(alues inherited by the shell from its)-.25 F 3.248(parent. When)108 -609.6 R .748(job control is not in ef)3.248 F .747 -(fect, asynchronous commands ignore)-.25 F F4(SIGINT)3.247 E F0(and) -2.997 E F4(SIGQ)3.247 E(UIT)-.09 E F0 .747(in addi-)2.997 F .652 +E F4(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0(Non-b)108 597.6 Q 1.065 +(uiltin commands run by)-.2 F F3(bash)3.565 E F0(ha)3.565 E 1.365 -.15 +(ve s)-.2 H 1.065(ignal handlers set to the v).15 F 1.064 +(alues inherited by the shell from its)-.25 F 3.247(parent. When)108 +609.6 R .747(job control is not in ef)3.247 F .747 +(fect, asynchronous commands ignore)-.25 F F4(SIGINT)3.248 E F0(and) +2.998 E F4(SIGQ)3.248 E(UIT)-.09 E F0 .748(in addi-)2.998 F .653 (tion to these inherited handlers.)108 621.6 R .653 -(Commands run as a result of command substitution ignore the k)5.652 F +(Commands run as a result of command substitution ignore the k)5.653 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(board-).15 E(generated job control signals)108 633.6 Q F4 (SIGTTIN)2.5 E F5(,)A F4(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F5(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F4 -(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0 2.046(The shell e)108 650.4 R 2.046 +(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0 2.045(The shell e)108 650.4 R 2.045 (xits by def)-.15 F 2.045(ault upon receipt of a)-.1 F F4(SIGHUP)4.545 E -F5(.)A F0 2.045(Before e)6.545 F 2.045(xiting, an interacti)-.15 F 2.345 --.15(ve s)-.25 H 2.045(hell resends the).15 F F4(SIGHUP)108 662.4 Q F0 -1.004(to all jobs, running or stopped.)3.254 F 1.004 -(Stopped jobs are sent)6.004 F F4(SIGCONT)3.505 E F0 1.005 -(to 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.93(nt the shell from sending the signal\ + to a particular job, it should be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.43(df).15 +G .93(rom the)-3.43 F 1.357(jobs table with the)108 686.4 R F3(diso) +3.857 E(wn)-.1 E F0 -.2(bu)3.857 G 1.357(iltin \(see).2 F F4 1.356 +(SHELL B)3.856 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.356(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.606 E +1.356(w\) or mark)-.25 F 1.356(ed to not recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F4 (SIGHUP)108 698.4 Q F0(using)2.25 E F3(diso)2.5 E(wn \255h)-.1 E F0(.)A .166(If the)108 715.2 R F3(huponexit)2.666 E F0 .166 (shell option has been set with)2.666 F F3(shopt)2.666 E F0(,)A F3(bash) @@ -4608,100 +4611,100 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(If)108 84 Q/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)3.046 E F0 .546(is w)3.046 F .546 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)3.047 E F0 .547(is w)3.047 F .546 (aiting for a command to complete and recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.046 (sas).15 G .546(ignal for which a 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When)2.841 F F1(bash)2.841 E F0 .341 +(starts a job asynchronously \(in the)2.841 F F3(bac)2.84 E(kgr)-.2 E +(ound)-.45 E F0 .34(\), it prints a line).77 F(that looks lik)108 213.6 Q(e:)-.1 E([1] 25647)144 230.4 Q .241(indicating that this job is job n\ umber 1 and that the process ID of the last process in the pipeline ass\ -ociated)108 247.2 R .732(with this job is 25647.)108 259.2 R .733 +ociated)108 247.2 R .733(with this job is 25647.)108 259.2 R .732 (All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job) -5.732 F(.)-.4 E F1(Bash)5.733 E F0(uses)3.233 E(the)108 271.2 Q F3(job) -4.24 E F0(abstraction as the basis for job control.)2.73 E 3.063 -.8 -(To f)108 288 T 1.463(acilitate the implementation of the user interf).7 -F 1.462(ace to job control, the operating system maintains the)-.1 F .87 -(notion of a)108 300 R F3(curr)3.37 E .87(ent terminal pr)-.37 F .871 -(ocess gr)-.45 F .871(oup ID)-.45 F F0 5.871(.M)C .871 +5.733 F(.)-.4 E F1(Bash)5.732 E F0(uses)3.232 E(the)108 271.2 Q F3(job) +4.24 E F0(abstraction as the basis for job control.)2.73 E 3.062 -.8 +(To f)108 288 T 1.462(acilitate the implementation of the user interf).7 +F 1.463(ace to job control, the operating system maintains the)-.1 F +.871(notion of a)108 300 R F3(curr)3.371 E .871(ent terminal pr)-.37 F +.871(ocess gr)-.45 F .871(oup ID)-.45 F F0 5.871(.M)C .87 (embers of this process group \(processes whose process)-5.871 F .023 (group ID is equal to the current terminal process group ID\) recei)108 312 R .323 -.15(ve k)-.25 H -.15(ey).05 G .023 -(board-generated signals such as).15 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG-)2.522 E -(INT)108 324 Q/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.346 -(These processes are said to be in the)5.846 F F3(for)3.847 E -.4(eg) --.37 G -.45(ro).4 G(und).45 E F0(.).77 E F3(Bac)6.927 E(kgr)-.2 E(ound) --.45 E F0 1.347(processes are those whose process)4.617 F .146 -(group ID dif)108 336 R .146(fers from the terminal')-.25 F .146 -(s; such processes are immune to k)-.55 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .145 -(board-generated signals.).15 F .145(Only fore-)5.145 F .16 +(board-generated signals such as).15 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG-)2.523 E +(INT)108 324 Q/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.347 +(These processes are said to be in the)5.847 F F3(for)3.846 E -.4(eg) +-.37 G -.45(ro).4 G(und).45 E F0(.).77 E F3(Bac)6.926 E(kgr)-.2 E(ound) +-.45 E F0 1.346(processes are those whose process)4.616 F .145 +(group ID dif)108 336 R .145(fers from the terminal')-.25 F .146 +(s; such processes are immune to k)-.55 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .146 +(board-generated signals.).15 F .146(Only fore-)5.146 F .16 (ground processes are allo)108 348 R .16(wed to read from or)-.25 F 2.66 (,i)-.4 G 2.66(ft)-2.66 G .16(he user so speci\214es with)-2.66 F/F6 10 /Courier@0 SF .16(stty tostop)2.66 F F0 2.66(,w)C .16(rite to the ter) --2.66 F(-)-.2 E 3.052(minal. Background)108 360 R .551 -(processes which attempt to read from \(write to when)3.052 F F6 .551 -(stty tostop)3.051 F F0 .551(is in ef)3.051 F .551(fect\) the)-.25 F -.717(terminal are sent a)108 372 R F4 .717(SIGTTIN \(SIGTT)3.217 F(OU\)) --.162 E F0 .718(signal by the k)2.967 F(ernel')-.1 E 3.218(st)-.55 G -.718(erminal dri)-3.218 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.518 -.4(r, w).15 H .718 -(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 384 Q 1.088 -(If the operating system on which)108 400.8 R F1(bash)3.588 E F0 1.088 -(is running supports job control,)3.588 F F1(bash)3.587 E F0 1.087 -(contains f)3.587 F 1.087(acilities to use it.)-.1 F -.8(Ty)108 412.8 S -.301(ping the).8 F F3(suspend)3.141 E F0 .301(character \(typically) -3.571 F F1(^Z)2.801 E F0 2.801(,C)C .301 +-2.66 F(-)-.2 E 3.051(minal. Background)108 360 R .551 +(processes which attempt to read from \(write to when)3.051 F F6 .551 +(stty tostop)3.051 F F0 .552(is in ef)3.052 F .552(fect\) the)-.25 F +.718(terminal are sent a)108 372 R F4 .718(SIGTTIN \(SIGTT)3.218 F(OU\)) +-.162 E F0 .718(signal by the k)2.968 F(ernel')-.1 E 3.217(st)-.55 G +.717(erminal dri)-3.217 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.517 -.4(r, w).15 H .717 +(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 384 Q 1.087 +(If the operating system on which)108 400.8 R F1(bash)3.587 E F0 1.088 +(is running supports job control,)3.588 F F1(bash)3.588 E F0 1.088 +(contains f)3.588 F 1.088(acilities to use it.)-.1 F -.8(Ty)108 412.8 S +.302(ping the).8 F F3(suspend)3.142 E F0 .302(character \(typically) +3.572 F F1(^Z)2.801 E F0 2.801(,C)C .301 (ontrol-Z\) while a process is running causes that process to be)-2.801 -F 2.143(stopped and returns control to)108 424.8 R F1(bash)4.642 E F0 +F 2.142(stopped and returns control to)108 424.8 R F1(bash)4.642 E F0 7.142(.T)C 2.142(yping the)-7.942 F F3 2.142(delayed suspend)4.992 F F0 -2.142(character \(typically)5.412 F F1(^Y)4.642 E F0 4.642(,C)C -(ontrol-Y\))-4.642 E .021(causes the process to be stopped when it atte\ +2.143(character \(typically)5.413 F F1(^Y)4.643 E F0 4.643(,C)C +(ontrol-Y\))-4.643 E .021(causes the process to be stopped when it atte\ mpts to read input from the terminal, and control to be returned)108 436.8 R(to)108 448.8 Q F1(bash)3.392 E F0 5.892(.T)C .892 (he user may then manipulate the state of this job, using the)-5.892 F -F1(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .894 -(background, the)108 460.8 R F1(fg)3.394 E F0 .895 -(command to continue it in the fore)3.394 F .895(ground, or the)-.15 F -F1(kill)3.395 E F0 .895(command to kill it.)3.395 F(A)5.895 E F1(^Z) -3.395 E F0(tak)3.395 E(es)-.1 E(ef)108 472.8 Q .949(fect immediately) --.25 F 3.449(,a)-.65 G .948(nd has the additional side ef)-3.449 F .948 +F1(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .895 +(background, the)108 460.8 R F1(fg)3.395 E F0 .895 +(command to continue it in the fore)3.395 F .895(ground, or the)-.15 F +F1(kill)3.395 E F0 .894(command to kill it.)3.395 F(A)5.894 E F1(^Z) +3.394 E F0(tak)3.394 E(es)-.1 E(ef)108 472.8 Q .948(fect immediately) +-.25 F 3.448(,a)-.65 G .948(nd has the additional side ef)-3.448 F .948 (fect of causing pending output and typeahead to be dis-)-.25 F(carded.) 108 484.8 Q .777(There are a number of w)108 501.6 R .777 (ays to refer to a job in the shell.)-.1 F .777(The character)5.777 F F1 (%)3.277 E F0 .777(introduces a job speci\214cation)3.277 F(\()108 513.6 -Q F3(jobspec)A F0 3.458(\). Job)B(number)3.458 E F3(n)3.818 E F0 .957 +Q F3(jobspec)A F0 3.457(\). Job)B(number)3.457 E F3(n)3.817 E F0 .957 (may be referred to as)3.697 F F1(%n)3.457 E F0 5.957(.A)C .957 (job may also be referred to using a pre\214x of the)-2.5 F .59(name us\ ed to start it, or using a substring that appears in its command line.) 108 525.6 R -.15(Fo)5.59 G 3.09(re).15 G(xample,)-3.24 E F1(%ce)3.09 E -F0 .59(refers to a)3.09 F(stopped)108 537.6 Q F1(ce)3.464 E F0(job)3.464 -E 5.964(.I)-.4 G 3.463(fap)-5.964 G .963 +F0 .59(refers to a)3.09 F(stopped)108 537.6 Q F1(ce)3.463 E F0(job)3.463 +E 5.963(.I)-.4 G 3.463(fap)-5.963 G .963 (re\214x matches more than one job,)-3.463 F F1(bash)3.463 E F0 .963 (reports an error)3.463 F 5.963(.U)-.55 G(sing)-5.963 E F1(%?ce)3.463 E -F0 3.463(,o)C 3.463(nt)-3.463 G .963(he other)-3.463 F .086 +F0 3.464(,o)C 3.464(nt)-3.464 G .964(he other)-3.464 F .087 (hand, refers to an)108 549.6 R 2.587(yj)-.15 G .087 (ob containing the string)-2.587 F F1(ce)2.587 E F0 .087 (in its command line.)2.587 F .087 @@ -4710,38 +4713,38 @@ F0 3.463(,o)C 3.463(nt)-3.463 G .963(he other)-3.463 F .086 (he symbols)-5.018 F F1(%%)2.518 E F0(and)2.518 E F1(%+)2.518 E F0 .018 (refer to the shell')2.518 F 2.518(sn)-.55 G .018(otion of the)-2.518 F F3(curr)2.518 E .018(ent job)-.37 F F0 2.518(,w).23 G .018(hich is) --2.518 F .494(the last job stopped while it w)108 573.6 R .495 +-2.518 F .495(the last job stopped while it w)108 573.6 R .495 (as in the fore)-.1 F .495(ground or started in the background.)-.15 F -(The)5.495 E F3(pr)4.245 E -.15(ev)-.37 G .495(ious job).15 F F0 .495 -(may be)3.225 F .788(referenced using)108 585.6 R F1<25ad>3.288 E F0 -5.788(.I)C 3.288(ft)-5.788 G .787(here is only a single job,)-3.288 F F1 -(%+)3.287 E F0(and)3.287 E F1<25ad>3.287 E F0 .787 -(can both be used to refer to that job)3.287 F 5.787(.I)-.4 G(n)-5.787 E -.256(output pertaining to jobs \(e.g., the output of the)108 597.6 R F1 +(The)5.494 E F3(pr)4.244 E -.15(ev)-.37 G .494(ious job).15 F F0 .494 +(may be)3.224 F .787(referenced using)108 585.6 R F1<25ad>3.287 E F0 +5.787(.I)C 3.287(ft)-5.787 G .787(here is only a single job,)-3.287 F F1 +(%+)3.287 E F0(and)3.287 E F1<25ad>3.287 E F0 .788 +(can both be used to refer to that job)3.287 F 5.788(.I)-.4 G(n)-5.788 E +.257(output pertaining to jobs \(e.g., the output of the)108 597.6 R F1 (jobs)2.756 E F0 .256(command\), the current job is al)2.756 F -.1(wa) --.1 G .257(ys \215agged with a).1 F F1(+)2.757 E F0(,)A .411 -(and the pre)108 609.6 R .411(vious job with a)-.25 F F12.911 E F0 -5.411(.A)C .411(single % \(with no accompan)-2.5 F .41 +-.1 G .256(ys \215agged with a).1 F F1(+)2.756 E F0(,)A .41(and the pre) +108 609.6 R .41(vious job with a)-.25 F F12.91 E F0 5.41(.A)C .411 +(single % \(with no accompan)-2.5 F .411 (ying job speci\214cation\) also refers to the cur)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(rent job)108 621.6 Q(.)-.4 E .443 +(rent job)108 621.6 Q(.)-.4 E .444 (Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the fore)108 638.4 R -(ground:)-.15 E F1(%1)2.944 E F0 .444(is a synon)2.944 F .444(ym for) --.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.944 G .444(fg %1').63 F(')-.63 E F0 2.944(,b)C -(ringing)-2.944 E 1.473(job 1 from the background into the fore)108 -650.4 R 3.973(ground. Similarly)-.15 F(,)-.65 E F1 -.63(``)3.972 G 1.472 -(%1 &').63 F(')-.63 E F0 1.472(resumes job 1 in the background,)3.972 F +(ground:)-.15 E F1(%1)2.943 E F0 .443(is a synon)2.943 F .443(ym for) +-.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.943 G .443(fg %1').63 F(')-.63 E F0 2.943(,b)C +(ringing)-2.943 E 1.472(job 1 from the background into the fore)108 +650.4 R 3.972(ground. Similarly)-.15 F(,)-.65 E F1 -.63(``)3.973 G 1.473 +(%1 &').63 F(')-.63 E F0 1.473(resumes job 1 in the background,)3.973 F (equi)108 662.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(bg %1') -.63 E(')-.63 E F0(.)A .13(The shell learns immediately whene)108 679.2 R --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.63(raj).15 G .13(ob changes state.)-2.63 F(Normally) -5.131 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)2.631 E F0 -.1(wa)2.631 G .131 -(its until it is about to print a).1 F .158 -(prompt before reporting changes in a job')108 691.2 R 2.658(ss)-.55 G -.158(tatus so as to not interrupt an)-2.658 F 2.657(yo)-.15 G .157 -(ther output.)-2.657 F .157(If the)5.157 F F12.657 E F0 .157 -(option to)2.657 F(the)108 703.2 Q F1(set)2.647 E F0 -.2(bu)2.647 G .147 -(iltin command is enabled,).2 F F1(bash)2.647 E F0 .148 -(reports such changes immediately)2.648 F 5.148(.A)-.65 G .448 -.15 -(ny t)-5.148 H .148(rap on).15 F F4(SIGCHLD)2.648 E F0 .148(is e)2.398 F +.63 E(')-.63 E F0(.)A .131(The shell learns immediately whene)108 679.2 +R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.631(raj).15 G .131(ob changes state.)-2.631 F +(Normally)5.131 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)2.631 E F0 -.1(wa)2.63 G .13 +(its until it is about to print a).1 F .157 +(prompt before reporting changes in a job')108 691.2 R 2.657(ss)-.55 G +.157(tatus so as to not interrupt an)-2.657 F 2.658(yo)-.15 G .158 +(ther output.)-2.658 F .158(If the)5.158 F F12.658 E F0 .158 +(option to)2.658 F(the)108 703.2 Q F1(set)2.648 E F0 -.2(bu)2.648 G .148 +(iltin command is enabled,).2 F F1(bash)2.648 E F0 .148 +(reports such changes immediately)2.648 F 5.147(.A)-.65 G .447 -.15 +(ny t)-5.147 H .147(rap on).15 F F4(SIGCHLD)2.647 E F0 .147(is e)2.397 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cuted for each child that e)108 715.2 Q(xits.) -.15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(37)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 38 38 @@ -4749,48 +4752,47 @@ F3(curr)2.518 E .018(ent job)-.37 F F0 2.518(,w).23 G .018(hich is) BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .033 -(If an attempt to e)108 84 R(xit)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)2.533 -E F0 .033(is made while jobs are stopped \(or)2.533 F 2.532(,i)-.4 G -2.532(ft)-2.532 G(he)-2.532 E F1(checkjobs)2.532 E F0 .032 -(shell option has been enabled)2.532 F 2.019(using the)108 96 R F1 -(shopt)4.519 E F0 -.2(bu)4.519 G 2.019 -(iltin, running\), the shell prints a w).2 F 2.02 -(arning message, and, if the)-.1 F F1(checkjobs)4.52 E F0 2.02 -(option is)4.52 F .459(enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses.)108 -108 R(The)5.459 E F1(jobs)2.959 E F0 .458 -(command may then be used to inspect their status.)2.958 F .458(If a) -5.458 F .603(second attempt to e)108 120 R .604 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .032 +(If an attempt to e)108 84 R(xit)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)2.532 +E F0 .032(is made while jobs are stopped \(or)2.532 F 2.533(,i)-.4 G +2.533(ft)-2.533 G(he)-2.533 E F1(checkjobs)2.533 E F0 .033 +(shell option has been enabled)2.533 F 2.02(using the)108 96 R F1(shopt) +4.52 E F0 -.2(bu)4.52 G 2.02(iltin, running\), the shell prints a w).2 F +2.019(arning message, and, if the)-.1 F F1(checkjobs)4.519 E F0 2.019 +(option is)4.519 F .458(enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses.)108 +108 R(The)5.458 E F1(jobs)2.958 E F0 .459 +(command may then be used to inspect their status.)2.958 F .459(If a) +5.459 F .604(second attempt to e)108 120 R .604 (xit is made without an interv)-.15 F .604 (ening command, the shell does not print another w)-.15 F(arning,)-.1 E -(and an)108 132 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(topped jobs are terminated.)-2.5 E .645 -(When the shell is w)108 148.8 R .645 -(aiting for a job or process using the)-.1 F F1(wait)3.144 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.144 G .644(iltin, and job control is enabled,).2 F F1(wait)3.144 E F0 -(will)3.144 E .428(return when the job changes state. The)108 160.8 R F1 +(and an)108 132 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(topped jobs are terminated.)-2.5 E .644 +(When the shell is w)108 148.8 R .644 +(aiting for a job or process using the)-.1 F F1(wait)3.145 E F0 -.2(bu) +3.145 G .645(iltin, and job control is enabled,).2 F F1(wait)3.145 E F0 +(will)3.145 E .428(return when the job changes state. The)108 160.8 R F1 2.928 E F0 .428(option will force)2.928 F F1(wait)2.928 E F0 .428 (to w)2.928 F .428(ait until the job or process terminates)-.1 F (before returning.)108 172.8 Q/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 189.6 Q -(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .645(When e)108 201.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .645 -(cuting interacti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)3.145 E +(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .644(When e)108 201.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .644 +(cuting interacti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)3.144 E F0 .645(displays the primary prompt)3.145 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PS1) -3.145 E F0 .645(when it is ready to read a command,)2.895 F .427 -(and the secondary prompt)108 213.6 R F3(PS2)2.927 E F0 .427 -(when it needs more input to complete a command.)2.677 F F1(Bash)5.428 E -F0(displays)2.928 E F3(PS0)2.928 E F0(after)2.678 E .038 -(it reads a command b)108 225.6 R .038(ut before e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.038(cuting it.).15 F F1(Bash)5.038 E F0(displays)2.537 E F3(PS4)2.537 E -F0 .037(as described abo)2.287 F .337 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .037 -(efore tracing each com-).15 F 1.121(mand when the)108 237.6 R F1 -3.621 E F0 1.122(option is enabled.)3.621 F F1(Bash)6.122 E F0(allo) +3.145 E F0 .645(when it is ready to read a command,)2.895 F .428 +(and the secondary prompt)108 213.6 R F3(PS2)2.928 E F0 .427 +(when it needs more input to complete a command.)2.678 F F1(Bash)5.427 E +F0(displays)2.927 E F3(PS0)2.927 E F0(after)2.677 E .037 +(it reads a command b)108 225.6 R .037(ut before e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.037(cuting it.).15 F F1(Bash)5.037 E F0(displays)2.537 E F3(PS4)2.538 E +F0 .038(as described abo)2.288 F .338 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .038 +(efore tracing each com-).15 F 1.122(mand when the)108 237.6 R F1 +3.622 E F0 1.122(option is enabled.)3.622 F F1(Bash)6.122 E F0(allo) 3.622 E 1.122(ws these prompt strings to be customized by inserting a) -.25 F(number of backslash-escaped special characters that are decoded \ as follo)108 249.6 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1(\\a)144 261.6 Q F0 (an ASCII bell character \(07\))180 261.6 Q F1(\\d)144 273.6 Q F0 (the date in "W)180 273.6 Q(eekday Month Date" format \(e.g., "T)-.8 E (ue May 26"\))-.45 E F1(\\D{)144 285.6 Q/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(format) -A F1(})A F0(the)180 297.6 Q F4(format)3.927 E F0 1.427(is passed to) -3.927 F F4(strftime)3.927 E F0 1.427 +A F1(})A F0(the)180 297.6 Q F4(format)3.926 E F0 1.426(is passed to) +3.926 F F4(strftime)3.926 E F0 1.427 (\(3\) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an)B(empty)180 309.6 Q F4(format)2.5 E F0 (results in a locale-speci\214c time representation.)2.5 E @@ -4813,10 +4815,10 @@ Q F0(the hostname)180 345.6 Q F1(\\j)144 357.6 Q F0 144 477.6 Q F0(the v)180 477.6 Q(ersion of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 (\(e.g., 2.00\))2.5 E F1(\\V)144 489.6 Q F0(the release of)180 489.6 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C(ersion + patch le)-2.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 -(l\().15 G(e.g., 2.00.0\))-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 501.6 Q F0 .115 -(the current w)180 501.6 R .115(orking directory)-.1 F 2.615(,w)-.65 G -(ith)-2.615 E F3($HOME)2.615 E F0(abbre)2.365 E .116 -(viated with a tilde \(uses the v)-.25 F .116(alue of the)-.25 F F3(PR) +(l\().15 G(e.g., 2.00.0\))-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 501.6 Q F0 .116 +(the current w)180 501.6 R .116(orking directory)-.1 F 2.616(,w)-.65 G +(ith)-2.616 E F3($HOME)2.616 E F0(abbre)2.366 E .115 +(viated with a tilde \(uses the v)-.25 F .115(alue of the)-.25 F F3(PR) 180 513.6 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)-.36 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable\)).25 E F1(\\W)144 525.6 Q F0(the basename of the current w)180 525.6 Q (orking directory)-.1 E 2.5(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.5 E F3($HOME)2.5 E F0 @@ -4830,19 +4832,19 @@ F1(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E(\\)144 573.6 Q F4 (\\[)144 597.6 Q F0(be)180 597.6 Q 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing\ characters, which could be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F (control sequence into the prompt)180 609.6 Q F1(\\])144 621.6 Q F0 -(end a sequence of non-printing characters)180 621.6 Q .119 +(end a sequence of non-printing characters)180 621.6 Q .12 (The command number and the history number are usually dif)108 638.4 R -.12(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F 1.585(positio\ -n in the history list, which may include commands restored from the his\ -tory \214le \(see)108 650.4 R F3(HIST)4.084 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0 +.119(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F 1.585(positi\ +on in the history list, which may include commands restored from the hi\ +story \214le \(see)108 650.4 R F3(HIST)4.085 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0 (belo)108 662.4 Q .541(w\), while the command number is the position in\ - the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .541 + the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .54 (cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546(rent shell session.)108 674.4 R .546(After the string is decoded, it is e)5.546 F .546 (xpanded via parameter e)-.15 F .546(xpansion, command substitu-)-.15 F -.351(tion, arithmetic e)108 686.4 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F +.352(tion, arithmetic e)108 686.4 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F F1 -(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .352(shell option \(see the)2.852 +(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .351(shell option \(see the)2.852 F(description of the)108 698.4 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E F3(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).) -.25 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(38)199.835 E 0 Cg EP @@ -4852,61 +4854,62 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)72 84 Q F0 .151 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)72 84 Q F0 .15 (This is the library that handles reading input when using an interacti) -108 96 R .45 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .15(hell, unless the).15 F/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(\255\255noediting)2.65 E F0(option)2.65 E 1.208(is gi) -108 108 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.708(na).15 G 3.708(ts)-3.708 G 1.208(hell in) --3.708 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 3.708(cation. Line).2 F 1.208 -(editing is also used when using the)3.708 F F23.709 E F0 1.209 -(option to the)3.709 F F2 -.18(re)3.709 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.709 G -3.709(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 120 Q .851 +108 96 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F/F2 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E 1.209 +(is gi)108 108 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.709(na).15 G 3.709(ts)-3.709 G 1.209 +(hell in)-3.709 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 3.709(cation. Line).2 F 1.208 +(editing is also used when using the)3.709 F F23.708 E F0 1.208 +(option to the)3.708 F F2 -.18(re)3.708 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.708 G +3.708(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 120 Q .851 (ault, the line editing commands are similar to those of Emacs.)-.1 F -3.351(Av)5.851 G .851(i-style line editing interf)-3.351 F .851 +3.351(Av)5.851 G .851(i-style line editing interf)-3.351 F .852 (ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 132 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85 (editing can be enabled at an)3.35 F 3.35(yt)-.15 G .85(ime using the) -3.35 F F2 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F2 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0 .85(options to the)3.35 F F2(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E -(\(see)108 144 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .763(SHELL B)3.263 F(UIL)-.09 E -.763(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.013 E 3.263(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot) +(\(see)108 144 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E +.762(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.012 E 3.262(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot) -.8 G .763(urn of)-3.263 F 3.263(fl)-.25 G .763 -(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F2(+o)3.262 E +(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F2(+o)3.263 E (emacs)108 156 Q F0(or)2.5 E F2(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F2 (set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F2(Readline Notation)87 172.8 Q F0 .463(In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote k) 108 184.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke) 2.963 G .463(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1 -(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A 1.153(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 196.8 R -(Similarly)6.153 E(,)-.65 E F4(meta)4.033 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153 -(ys are denoted by M\255)-.05 F F4 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.652(,s)C 3.652 -(oM)-3.652 G 1.152(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.652 F(\(On)6.152 E -.1(ke) -108 208.8 S .83(yboards without a)-.05 F F4(meta)3.71 E F0 -.1(ke)3.59 G -2.13 -.65(y, M)-.05 H.65 E F4(x)A F0 .83(means ESC)3.33 F F4(x)3.33 -E F0 3.33(,i)C .831(.e., press the Escape k)-3.33 F 1.131 -.15(ey t)-.1 -H .831(hen the).15 F F4(x)4.101 E F0 -.1(ke)3.861 G 4.631 -.65(y. T)-.05 -H .831(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .6(ESC the)108 220.8 R F4 .6(meta pr)3.1 F -(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.6(.T)C .6(he combination M\255C\255)-5.6 F F4(x)A F0 -.599(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F4(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp) --3.099 G .599(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .899 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .599 -(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 232.8 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H -(hile pressing the).15 E F4(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\)) -.65 E .619(Readline commands may be gi)108 249.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119 -(nn).15 G(umeric)-3.119 E F4(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G -.619(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.62 E(ho) -108 261.6 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.419 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.119(ti).4 G -3.119(st)-3.119 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619 +(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A 1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 196.8 R +(Similarly)6.152 E(,)-.65 E F4(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153 +(ys are denoted by M\255)-.05 F F4 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653 +(oM)-3.653 G 1.153(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke) +108 208.8 S .831(yboards without a)-.05 F F4(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke) +3.591 G 2.131 -.65(y, M)-.05 H.65 E F4(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F +F4(x)3.331 E F0 3.331(,i)C .83(.e., press the Escape k)-3.331 F 1.13 +-.15(ey t)-.1 H .83(hen the).15 F F4(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65 +(y. T)-.05 H .83(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 220.8 R F4 .599 +(meta pr)3.099 F(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.599(.T)C .599 +(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F4(x)A F0 .599 +(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F4(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp)-3.099 G +.6(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .9 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .6(hen hold).15 F +(the Control k)108 232.8 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H(hile pressing the).15 E F4 +(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\)).65 E .62 +(Readline commands may be gi)108 249.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119(nn).15 G +(umeric)-3.119 E F4(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G .619 +(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.619 E(ho)108 +261.6 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti).4 G +3.119(st)-3.118 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619 (gument that is signi\214cant.)-.18 F -.15(Pa)5.619 G .619(ssing a ne) .15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .919 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .619 -(ument to a command that).18 F 1.018(acts in the forw)108 273.6 R 1.018 +(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 273.6 R 1.018 (ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F2(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518(\)c)C -1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.019 -(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.019 E(mands whose beha)108 285.6 Q +1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.018 +(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 285.6 Q (vior with ar)-.2 E(guments de)-.18 E(viates from this are noted belo) --.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .812(When a command is described as)108 302.4 R F4 +-.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 302.4 R F4 (killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811 -(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .811 -(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.311(l\().25 G F4 -(yank-)-3.311 E(ing)108 314.4 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 +(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .812 +(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l\().25 G F4 +(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 314.4 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 F .029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F4 .029(kill ring)B F0 5.029(.C)C(onsecuti)-5.029 E .329 -.15(ve k)-.25 H .029(ills cause the te).15 F .029(xt to be accumulated into one unit,) @@ -4915,23 +4918,23 @@ F .029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F4 (xt separate the chunks of te)-.15 F .567(xt on the kill)-.15 F(ring.) 108 338.4 Q F2(Readline Initialization)87 355.2 Q F0 .091(Readline is c\ ustomized by putting commands in an initialization \214le \(the)108 -367.2 R F4(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .092 -(name of this \214le)2.591 F .197(is tak)108 379.2 R .196(en from the v) +367.2 R F4(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .091 +(name of this \214le)2.591 F .196(is tak)108 379.2 R .196(en from the v) -.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25 F F3(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0 -.25(va)2.446 G 2.696(riable. If).25 F .196(that v)2.696 F .196 (ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .196(ault is)-.1 F F4(~/.inputr)2.696 -E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .196(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which us\ +E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .197(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which us\ es the readline library starts up, the initialization \214le is read, a\ -nd the k)108 391.2 R 1.335 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.035(indings and).15 F -.25 -(va)108 403.2 S 1.15(riables are set.).25 F 1.15(There are only a fe) -6.15 F 3.649(wb)-.25 G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.149 -(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.149 E .736 +nd the k)108 391.2 R 1.334 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.034(indings and).15 F -.25 +(va)108 403.2 S 1.149(riables are set.).25 F 1.149(There are only a fe) +6.149 F 3.649(wb)-.25 G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.15 +(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.15 E .737 (lines are ignored.)108 415.2 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737 (ginning with a)-.15 F F2(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737 -(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F2($)3.237 E F0 .737 -(indicate conditional)3.237 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 427.2 R +(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F2($)3.237 E F0 .736 +(indicate conditional)3.236 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 427.2 R (lines denote k)2.5 E .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings and v).15 E -(ariable settings.)-.25 E .987(The def)108 444 R .987(ault k)-.1 F -.15 +(ariable settings.)-.25 E .986(The def)108 444 R .986(ault k)-.1 F -.15 (ey)-.1 G .987(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F4(inputr)3.497 E (c)-.37 E F0 3.487(\214le. Other)3.797 F .987 (programs that use this library may)3.487 F(add their o)108 456 Q @@ -4941,11 +4944,11 @@ G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(or)108 501.6 Q(C\255Meta\255u: uni)144 513.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(into the)108 525.6 Q F4(inputr)2.51 E(c)-.37 E F0 -.1(wo)2.81 G(uld mak).1 E 2.5(eM)-.1 G (\255C\255u e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the readline command).15 E F4 -(univer)2.5 E(sal\255ar)-.1 E(gument)-.37 E F0(.).68 E 1.26(The follo) +(univer)2.5 E(sal\255ar)-.1 E(gument)-.37 E F0(.).68 E 1.261(The follo) 108 542.4 R 1.261(wing symbolic character names are recognized:)-.25 F F4 -.4(RU)3.761 G(BOUT).4 E F0(,)1.27 E F4(DEL)3.761 E F0(,).53 E F4 -(ESC)3.761 E F0(,).72 E F4(LFD)3.761 E F0(,).28 E F4(NEWLINE)3.761 E F0 -(,).73 E F4(RET)3.761 E F0(,)1.27 E F4(RETURN)108 554.4 Q F0(,)1.1 E F4 +(ESC)3.761 E F0(,).72 E F4(LFD)3.761 E F0(,).28 E F4(NEWLINE)3.76 E F0 +(,).73 E F4(RET)3.76 E F0(,)1.27 E F4(RETURN)108 554.4 Q F0(,)1.1 E F4 (SPC)2.5 E F0(,).72 E F4(SP)2.5 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G (nd)-2.5 E F4 -.5(TA)2.5 G(B).5 E F0(.).27 E .209 (In addition to command names, readline allo)108 571.2 R .209(ws k)-.25 @@ -4956,19 +4959,19 @@ F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.709(st).15 G 2.709(ob)-2.709 G 2.709(eb)-2.709 G .209 (The syntax for controlling k)108 612 R .666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366 (indings in the).15 F F4(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 E F0 .366 (\214le is simple.)3.176 F .366(All that is required is the name of the) -5.366 F .264(command or the te)108 624 R .264(xt of a macro and a k)-.15 +5.366 F .263(command or the te)108 624 R .264(xt of a macro and a k)-.15 F .564 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .264(equence to which it should be bound.).15 F -.263(The name may be speci-)5.264 F .853(\214ed in one of tw)108 636 R +.264(The name may be speci-)5.264 F .853(\214ed in one of tw)108 636 R 3.353(ow)-.1 G .853(ays: as a symbolic k)-3.453 F 1.153 -.15(ey n)-.1 H .853(ame, possibly with).15 F F4(Meta\255)3.353 E F0(or)3.353 E F4 (Contr)3.353 E(ol\255)-.45 E F0(pre\214x)3.353 E .853(es, or as a k)-.15 -F -.15(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 648 Q .161(When using the form)108 664.8 R -F2 -.1(ke)2.661 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A F4(function\255name).833 E F0(or) -2.661 E F4(macr)2.661 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F4 -.1(ke)2.661 G(yname)-.2 E F0 -.16(is the name of a k)2.84 F .46 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .16 -(pelled out in Eng-).15 F 2.5(lish. F)108 676.8 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:) --.15 E(Control-u: uni)144 700.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E -(gument)-.18 E(Meta-Rubout: backw)144 712.8 Q(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E +F -.15(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 648 Q .16(When using the form)108 664.8 R +F2 -.1(ke)2.66 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A F4(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.66 +E F4(macr)2.66 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F4 -.1(ke)2.66 G(yname)-.2 E F0 .161 +(is the name of a k)2.84 F .461 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .161(pelled out in Eng-) +.15 F 2.5(lish. F)108 676.8 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E(Control-u: uni) +144 700.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E +(Meta-Rubout: backw)144 712.8 Q(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E (Control-o: "> output")144 724.8 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8) 150.675 E(39)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 40 40 @@ -4976,33 +4979,33 @@ F2 -.1(ke)2.661 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A F4(function\255name).833 E F0(or) BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .698(In the abo) +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .699(In the abo) 108 84 R .998 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H(ample,).15 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF (C\255u)3.038 E F0 .698(is bound to the function)3.448 F/F2 10 /Times-Bold@0 SF(uni)3.198 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(,)A F1(M\255DEL)3.878 E F0 .698(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion) -108 96 Q F2(backward\255kill\255w)2.759 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.759(,a)C(nd) --2.759 E F1(C\255o)2.599 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.939 F -.258(xpressed on the right hand side \(that is, to)-.15 F(insert the te) +108 96 Q F2(backward\255kill\255w)2.758 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.758(,a)C(nd) +-2.758 E F1(C\255o)2.598 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.938 F +.259(xpressed on the right hand side \(that is, to)-.15 F(insert the te) 108 108 Q(xt)-.15 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF 6(>o)2.5 G(utput)-6 E F0 -(into the line\).)2.5 E .055(In the second form,)108 124.8 R F2("k)2.555 -E(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F1(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.555 E F1(macr) -2.555 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F2 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yseq).1 E F0(dif)2.556 E .056 -(fers from)-.25 F F2 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.556 E .356 -.15 -(ve i)-.15 H 2.556(nt).15 G .056(hat strings)-2.556 F 1.284 +(into the line\).)2.5 E .056(In the second form,)108 124.8 R F2("k)2.556 +E(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F1(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.556 E F1(macr) +2.556 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F2 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yseq).1 E F0(dif)2.555 E .055 +(fers from)-.25 F F2 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.555 E .355 -.15 +(ve i)-.15 H 2.555(nt).15 G .055(hat strings)-2.555 F 1.284 (denoting an entire k)108 136.8 R 1.584 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.284(equence m\ ay be speci\214ed by placing the sequence within double quotes.).15 F -(Some)6.284 E .385(GNU Emacs style k)108 148.8 R .685 -.15(ey e)-.1 H -.385(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .386 -(xample, b)-.15 F .386(ut the symbolic character names)-.2 F +(Some)6.284 E .386(GNU Emacs style k)108 148.8 R .686 -.15(ey e)-.1 H +.385(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .385 +(xample, b)-.15 F .385(ut the symbolic character names)-.2 F (are not recognized.)108 160.8 Q("\\C\255u": uni)144 184.8 Q -.15(ve) -.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E ("\\C\255x\\C\255r": re\255read\255init\255\214le)144 196.8 Q -("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 208.8 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E .315 -(In this e)108 225.6 R(xample,)-.15 E F1(C\255u)2.655 E F0 .315(is ag) -3.065 F .315(ain bound to the function)-.05 F F2(uni)2.815 E -.1(ve)-.1 +("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 208.8 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E .314 +(In this e)108 225.6 R(xample,)-.15 E F1(C\255u)2.654 E F0 .314(is ag) +3.064 F .315(ain bound to the function)-.05 F F2(uni)2.815 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 .315(C\255x C\255r)5.155 F F0 -.314(is bound to the func-)3.544 F(tion)108 237.6 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G +.315(is bound to the func-)3.545 F(tion)108 237.6 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G .18 E(ead\255init\255\214le)-.18 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1 (ESC [ 1 1 ~)3.01 E F0(is bound to insert the te)3.94 E(xt)-.15 E F3 (Function Key 1)2.5 E F0(.)A @@ -5024,44 +5027,44 @@ F0(ne)180 403.2 Q(wline)-.25 E F2(\\r)144 415.2 Q F0(carriage return)180 (\(one to three digits\))2.5 E F2(\\x)144 463.2 Q F1(HH)A F0 (the eight-bit character whose v)180 463.2 Q(alue is the he)-.25 E (xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F1(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh) --.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.141(When entering the te)108 +-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.142(When entering the te)108 480 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double quotes must be used to indi\ -cate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .09(Unquoted te)108 492 R .09 -(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 F .089(In the macro body) -5.089 F 2.589(,t)-.65 G .089(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.589 F --.15(ve)-.15 G(are e)108 504 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F -(will quote an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G(ther character in the macro te)-2.5 E -(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E F2(Bash)108 520.8 Q F0(allo)2.929 E -.429(ws the current readline k)-.25 F .729 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429 -(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F2(bind)2.93 E F0 --.2(bu)2.93 G .43(iltin command.).2 F .046 -(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 532.8 R .346 -.15 -(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F22.545 E F0 .045 -(option to the)2.545 F F2(set)2.545 E F0 -.2(bu)2.545 G .045 +cate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .089(Unquoted te)108 492 R .089 +(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 F .09(In the macro body)5.089 +F 2.59(,t)-.65 G .09(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.59 F -.15(ve) +-.15 G(are e)108 504 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5 E +2.5(yo)-.15 G(ther character in the macro te)-2.5 E +(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E F2(Bash)108 520.8 Q F0(allo)2.93 E .43 +(ws the current readline k)-.25 F .73 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429 +(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F2(bind)2.929 E F0 +-.2(bu)2.929 G .429(iltin command.).2 F .045 +(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 532.8 R .345 -.15 +(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F22.546 E F0 .046 +(option to the)2.546 F F2(set)2.546 E F0 -.2(bu)2.546 G .046 (iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 544.8 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E (UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2 -(Readline V)87 561.6 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .043(Readline has v)108 573.6 +(Readline V)87 561.6 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108 573.6 R .043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F (vior)-.2 E 5.043(.A)-.55 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .043 -(riable may be set in the).25 F F1(inpu-)2.554 E(tr)108 585.6 Q(c)-.37 E +(riable may be set in the).25 F F1(inpu-)2.553 E(tr)108 585.6 Q(c)-.37 E F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F2(set)144 602.4 Q F1 (variable\255name value)2.5 E F0 .79(Except where noted, readline v)108 619.2 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F 3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F (alues)-.25 E F2(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F2(Off)3.29 E F0 .79 (\(without re)3.29 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .79(rd to case\).).05 F(Unrecog-) -5.79 E .448(nized v)108 631.2 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F +5.79 E .449(nized v)108 631.2 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F .448(When a v)5.448 F .448(ariable v)-.25 F .448 -(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .449(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-) --.25 F(ti)108 643.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(\), and "1" are equi).15 F +(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .448(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-) +-.25 F(ti)108 643.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467(\), and "1" are equi).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F2(On)2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468 (ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468 -(lent to).25 F F2(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .467(he v)-5.468 F .467 +(lent to).25 F F2(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .468(he v)-5.468 F .468 (ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 655.2 S(lues are:) -.25 E F2(bell\255style \(audible\))108 672 Q F0 .01 +.25 E F2(bell\255style \(audible\))108 672 Q F0 .011 (Controls what happens when readline w)144 684 R .011 -(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .011(If set to)5.011 F F2(none) -2.511 E F0 2.511(,r)C .011(eadline ne)-2.511 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E -.94(rings the bell.)144 696 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F2(visible)3.44 E F0 +(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .01(If set to)5.01 F F2(none)2.51 +E F0 2.51(,r)C .01(eadline ne)-2.51 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .94 +(rings the bell.)144 696 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F2(visible)3.44 E F0 3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25(va) -.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F2(audible)3.44 E F0(,)A (readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 708 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.) @@ -5072,10 +5075,10 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 84 Q F0 .055(If set to)144 -96 R F1(On)2.555 E F0 2.555(,r)C .056(eadline attempts to bind the cont\ -rol characters treated specially by the k)-2.555 F(ernel')-.1 E 2.556 -(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.556 E(nal dri)144 108 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G +SF(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 84 Q F0 .056(If set to)144 +96 R F1(On)2.556 E F0 2.556(,r)C .056(eadline attempts to bind the cont\ +rol characters treated specially by the k)-2.556 F(ernel')-.1 E 2.555 +(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.555 E(nal dri)144 108 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(heir readline equi)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lents.).25 E F1 (blink\255matching\255par)108 120 Q(en \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .21(If set to) 144 132 R F1(On)2.71 E F0 2.71(,r)C .21 @@ -5084,62 +5087,62 @@ rol characters treated specially by the k)-2.555 F(ernel')-.1 E 2.556 (parenthesis is inserted.)144 144 Q F1(color)108 156 Q (ed\255completion\255pr)-.18 E(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .515(If set to) 144 168 R F1(On)3.015 E F0 3.015(,w)C .515(hen listing completions, rea\ -dline displays the common pre\214x of the set of possible)-3.015 F 2.936 -(completions using a dif)144 180 R 2.936(ferent color)-.25 F 7.936(.T) --.55 G 2.936(he color de\214nitions are tak)-7.936 F 2.935 -(en from the v)-.1 F 2.935(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LS_COLORS)144 192 Q F0 +dline displays the common pre\214x of the set of possible)-3.015 F 2.935 +(completions using a dif)144 180 R 2.935(ferent color)-.25 F 7.936(.T) +-.55 G 2.936(he color de\214nitions are tak)-7.936 F 2.936 +(en from the v)-.1 F 2.936(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LS_COLORS)144 192 Q F0 (en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(color)108 204 Q -(ed\255stats \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.579(If set to)144 216 R F1(On)4.079 E -F0 4.079(,r)C 1.579(eadline displays possible completions using dif) --4.079 F 1.58(ferent colors to indicate their \214le)-.25 F 2.5 -(type. 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It)3.06 F -.561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.061(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.061 E .561(ger v) --.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 468 R +(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 432 Q F0 .529 +(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 444 R .53 +(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .561(erated by the) +144 456 R F1(possible\255completions)3.061 E F0 3.061(command. It)3.061 +F .561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.06(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.06 E .56(ger v) +-.15 F .56(alue greater than or)-.25 F .782(equal to zero.)144 468 R .783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or equal to \ -the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 480 S .237 +the v)5.782 F .783(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 480 S .237 (riable, the user is ask).25 F .237(ed whether or not he wishes to vie) -.1 F 2.737(wt)-.25 G .237(hem; otherwise the)-2.737 F 2.737(ya)-.15 G .237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 492 Q F1(con)108 504 -Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .613(If set to)144 516 R F1(On) -3.113 E F0 3.113(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.113 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .613 -(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .912 -.15 -(ey s)-.1 H .612(equence by).15 F .541 +Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to)144 516 R F1(On) +3.112 E F0 3.112(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.112 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .613 +(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .913 -.15 +(ey s)-.1 H .613(equence by).15 F .541 (stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character \(in ef) -144 528 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F F2 .542(meta pr)3.042 F +144 528 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F F2 .541(meta pr)3.041 F (e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 540 Q F0 2.5(\). The)B(def)2.5 E(ault is)-.1 E F2 (On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut readline will set it to)-2.7 E F2(Of)2.5 E(f) -.18 E F0(if the locale contains eight-bit characters.)2.5 E F1 @@ -5148,25 +5151,25 @@ Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .613(If set to)144 516 R F1(On) (ord completion.)-.1 F .038 (Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the) 144 576 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0 -(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 588 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0 1.21 -(When set to)144 600 R F1(On)3.71 E F0 3.71(,o)C 3.71(no)-3.71 G 1.211 -(perating systems that indicate the)-3.71 F 3.711(ys)-.15 G 1.211 +(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 588 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0 1.211 +(When set to)144 600 R F1(On)3.711 E F0 3.711(,o)C 3.711(no)-3.711 G +1.211(perating systems that indicate the)-3.711 F 3.711(ys)-.15 G 1.21 (upport it, readline echoes a character)-3.711 F (corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 612 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G -(board.).15 E F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 624 Q F0 .142 +(board.).15 E F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 624 Q F0 .141 (Controls whether readline be)144 636 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 F -.441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F F2(Emacs)2.641 E F0 -(or)2.641 E F2(vi)2.641 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.141 E F0 +.441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F F2(Emacs)2.642 E F0 +(or)2.642 E F2(vi)2.642 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.142 E F0 (can be set to either)144 648 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(emacs\255mode\255string \(@\))108 660 Q F0 .517(If the)144 672 -R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.017 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 -.25(va)3.017 G -.518(riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the) +F0(.)A F1(emacs\255mode\255string \(@\))108 660 Q F0 .518(If the)144 672 +R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.018 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 -.25(va)3.018 G +.517(riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the) .25 F .622 (last line of the primary prompt when emacs editing mode is acti)144 684 -R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.622(.T).15 G .622(he v)-5.622 F .621(alue is e)-.25 F -.621(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.121(ea)-.1 G -.1(ke)144 696 S 3.339(yb)-.05 G -.839(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x)-3.339 F -.84(es and backslash escape sequences is)-.15 F -.2(av)144 708 S 2.798 +R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.622(.T).15 G .622(he v)-5.622 F .622(alue is e)-.25 F +.622(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.122(ea)-.1 G -.1(ke)144 696 S 3.34(yb)-.05 G +.839(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x)-3.34 F +.839(es and backslash escape sequences is)-.15 F -.2(av)144 708 S 2.798 (ailable. Use)-.05 F .298(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.798 F .298 (gin and end sequences of non-printing characters, which)-.15 F (can be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the mode string.) @@ -5178,19 +5181,19 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(enable\255brack)108 84 Q(eted\255paste \(Off\))-.1 E F0 1.221 +SF(enable\255brack)108 84 Q(eted\255paste \(Off\))-.1 E F0 1.222 (When set to)144 96 R F1(On)3.721 E F0 3.721(,r)C 1.221 (eadline will con\214gure the terminal in a w)-3.721 F 1.221 (ay that will enable it to insert each)-.1 F .353 (paste into the editing b)144 108 R(uf)-.2 E .353(fer as a single strin\ -g of characters, instead of treating each character as if)-.25 F .543 +g of characters, instead of treating each character as if)-.25 F .544 (it had been read from the k)144 120 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.043(board. This) -.15 F .543(can pre)3.043 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .544 +.15 F .543(can pre)3.043 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .543 (nt pasted characters from being interpreted as).15 F(editing commands.) -144 132 Q F1(enable\255k)108 144 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .893 +144 132 Q F1(enable\255k)108 144 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .892 (When set to)144 156 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893 (eadline will try to enable the application k)-3.393 F -.15(ey)-.1 G -.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .892(Some sys-)5.893 F +.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .893(Some sys-)5.893 F (tems need this to enable the arro)144 168 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6 G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 180 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64 (When set to)144 192 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64 @@ -5202,79 +5205,79 @@ G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 180 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64 (expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 216 Q F0(If set to)144 228 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E(xpansion is performed when readline attempts w) -.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 240 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1 -(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.339(If set to)144 252 R F1(On) -3.839 E F0 3.839(,t)C 1.338(he history code attempts to place point at \ -the same location on each history line)-3.839 F(retrie)144 264 Q -.15 +(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.338(If set to)144 252 R F1(On) +3.838 E F0 3.838(,t)C 1.338(he history code attempts to place point at \ +the same location on each history line)-3.838 F(retrie)144 264 Q -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E -.15(ev)-.18 G (ious-history).15 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(history\255size \(unset\))108 276 Q F0 .948 +(history\255size \(unset\))108 276 Q F0 .949 (Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 288 R -.15(ve)-.2 G -3.448(di).15 G 3.448(nt)-3.448 G .948(he history list.)-3.448 F .949 -(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.449(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.599 E .483 -(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 300 R 2.983(we)-.25 G .483 -(ntries are sa)-2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .482(set to a v) -2.983 F .482(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F .277 -(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 312 R .277(By def)5.277 F -.278(ault, the number of history entries is set to the v)-.1 F .278 -(alue of)-.25 F(the)144 324 Q F1(HISTSIZE)3.411 E F0 .911(shell v)3.411 -F 3.411(ariable. If)-.25 F .911(an attempt is made to set)3.411 F/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(history\255size)3.41 E F0 .91(to a non-numeric v)3.41 -F(alue,)-.25 E +3.448(di).15 G 3.448(nt)-3.448 G .948(he history list.)-3.448 F .948 +(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.448(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.598 E .482 +(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 300 R 2.982(we)-.25 G .483 +(ntries are sa)-2.982 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .483(set to a v) +2.983 F .483(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F .278 +(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 312 R .277(By def)5.278 F +.277(ault, the number of history entries is set to the v)-.1 F .277 +(alue of)-.25 F(the)144 324 Q F1(HISTSIZE)3.41 E F0 .91(shell v)3.41 F +3.41(ariable. If)-.25 F .911(an attempt is made to set)3.41 F/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(history\255size)3.411 E F0 .911(to a non-numeric v) +3.411 F(alue,)-.25 E (the maximum number of history entries will be set to 500.)144 336 Q F1 -(horizontal\255scr)108 348 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .448 -(When set to)144 360 R F1(On)2.948 E F0 2.948(,m)C(ak)-2.948 E .448 -(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .449 +(horizontal\255scr)108 348 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .449 +(When set to)144 360 R F1(On)2.949 E F0 2.949(,m)C(ak)-2.949 E .448 +(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .448 (crolling the input horizontally on a)-2.948 F 1.194(single screen line\ when it becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a\ ne)144 372 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 384 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 396 -Q F0 1.061(If set to)144 408 R F1(On)3.561 E F0 3.561(,r)C 1.062(eadlin\ +Q F0 1.062(If set to)144 408 R F1(On)3.562 E F0 3.562(,r)C 1.061(eadlin\ e will enable eight-bit input \(that is, it will not strip the eighth b\ -it from the)-3.561 F .336(characters it reads\), re)144 420 R -.05(ga) +it from the)-3.562 F .335(characters it reads\), re)144 420 R -.05(ga) -.15 G .335(rdless of what the terminal claims it can support.).05 F -.335(The name)5.335 F F1(meta\255\215ag)2.835 E F0(is)2.835 E 2.864(as) -144 432 S(ynon)-2.864 E .364(ym for this v)-.15 F 2.864(ariable. The) +.336(The name)5.336 F F1(meta\255\215ag)2.836 E F0(is)2.836 E 2.865(as) +144 432 S(ynon)-2.865 E .365(ym for this v)-.15 F 2.864(ariable. The) -.25 F(def)2.864 E .364(ault is)-.1 F F2(Of)2.864 E(f)-.18 E F0 2.864 -(,b)C .364(ut readline will set it to)-3.064 F F2(On)2.864 E F0 .365 -(if the locale contains)2.865 F(eight-bit characters.)144 444 Q F1 +(,b)C .364(ut readline will set it to)-3.064 F F2(On)2.864 E F0 .364 +(if the locale contains)2.864 F(eight-bit characters.)144 444 Q F1 (isear)108 456 Q(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\)) -.63 E F0 .439(The string of characters that should terminate an increm\ ental search without subsequently e)144 468 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E -.934(ing the character as a command.)144 480 R .935(If this v)5.935 F -.935(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.435(nav).15 G .935 -(alue, the characters)-3.685 F F2(ESC)3.435 E F0(and)144 492 Q F2 +.935(ing the character as a command.)144 480 R .935(If this v)5.935 F +.935(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.434(nav).15 G .934 +(alue, the characters)-3.684 F F2(ESC)3.434 E F0(and)144 492 Q F2 (C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.)2.5 E F1 -.1(ke) -108 504 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.021(Set the current readline k)144 -516 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021 -(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.02 -(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.52 F(d,)-.37 E .068 +108 504 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.02(Set the current readline k)144 516 +R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021 +(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.021 +(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.521 F(d,)-.37 E .069 (emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 528 R F0 2.568(,a)C (nd)-2.568 E F2(vi\255insert)2.568 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.068 E F0 .068 (is equi)2.568 F -.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command) -2.569 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.569 E F0 1.544(is equi)144 540 R -.25(va)-.25 -G 1.544(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C +2.568 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.568 E F0 1.543(is equi)144 540 R -.25(va)-.25 +G 1.543(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C 1.544(he def)-6.544 F 1.544(ault v)-.1 F 1.544(alue is)-.25 F F2(emacs) 4.044 E F0 4.044(;t).27 G 1.544(he v)-4.044 F 1.544(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(editing\255mode)4.043 E F0(also)4.043 E(af)144 552 Q(fects the def)-.25 +(editing\255mode)4.044 E F0(also)4.044 E(af)144 552 Q(fects the def)-.25 E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1 -.1(ke)108 564 S -(yseq\255timeout \(500\)).1 E F0 .367(Speci\214es the duration)144 576 R +(yseq\255timeout \(500\)).1 E F0 .368(Speci\214es the duration)144 576 R F2 -.37(re)2.867 G(adline).37 E F0 .367(will w)2.867 F .367 -(ait for a character when reading an ambiguous k)-.1 F .668 -.15(ey s) +(ait for a character when reading an ambiguous k)-.1 F .667 -.15(ey s) -.1 H(equence).15 E 1.356(\(one that can form a complete k)144 588 R 1.656 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.356(equence using the input read so f).15 F(ar) --.1 E 3.856(,o)-.4 G 3.856(rc)-3.856 G 1.355(an tak)-3.856 F 3.855(ea) --.1 G(dditional)-3.855 E .32(input to complete a longer k)144 600 R .62 +-.1 E 3.856(,o)-.4 G 3.856(rc)-3.856 G 1.356(an tak)-3.856 F 3.856(ea) +-.1 G(dditional)-3.856 E .32(input to complete a longer k)144 600 R .62 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 2.82(equence\). If).15 F .32(no input is recei)2.82 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(dw).15 G .32(ithin the timeout,)-2.82 F F2 -.37(re) -2.82 G(adline).37 E F0(will)2.82 E .907(use the shorter b)144 612 R .907 +2.82 G(adline).37 E F0(will)2.82 E .906(use the shorter b)144 612 R .907 (ut complete k)-.2 F 1.207 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.407(equence. The).15 F -.25 -(va)3.407 G .907(lue is speci\214ed in milliseconds, so a v).25 F .906 +(va)3.407 G .907(lue is speci\214ed in milliseconds, so a v).25 F .907 (alue of)-.25 F .05(1000 means that)144 624 R F2 -.37(re)2.55 G(adline) .37 E F0 .05(will w)2.55 F .05(ait one second for additional input.)-.1 F .05(If this v)5.05 F .05(ariable is set to a v)-.25 F(alue)-.25 E .051 (less than or equal to zero, or to a non-numeric v)144 636 R(alue,)-.25 E F2 -.37(re)2.551 G(adline).37 E F0 .051(will w)2.551 F .051 -(ait until another k)-.1 F .351 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.551(sp).15 G(ressed) --2.551 E(to decide which k)144 648 Q .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H +(ait until another k)-.1 F .352 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.552(sp).15 G(ressed) +-2.552 E(to decide which k)144 648 Q .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H (equence to complete.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 660 Q(ectories \(On\)) -.18 E F0(If set to)144 672 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C (ompleted directory names ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a s)-.2 H(lash appended.) @@ -5294,98 +5297,98 @@ SF(mark\255symlink)108 84 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 (ompleted names which are symbolic links to directories ha)-2.675 F .475 -.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 108 Q(alue of)-.25 E F1(mark\255dir)2.5 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(\).)A F1 -(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 120 Q F0 .193(This v)144 132 R -.193(ariable, when set to)-.25 F F1(On)2.693 E F0 2.693(,c)C .192 -(auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.693 F .192 -(gin with a `.)-.15 F 2.692('\()-.7 G(hidden)-2.692 E .456 +(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 120 Q F0 .192(This v)144 132 R +.192(ariable, when set to)-.25 F F1(On)2.692 E F0 2.692(,c)C .192 +(auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.692 F .193 +(gin with a `.)-.15 F 2.693('\()-.7 G(hidden)-2.693 E .457 (\214les\) when performing \214lename completion.)144 144 R .456 (If set to)5.456 F F1(Off)2.956 E F0 2.956(,t)C .456(he leading `.) --2.956 F 2.956('m)-.7 G .457(ust be supplied by the)-2.956 F +-2.956 F 2.956('m)-.7 G .456(ust be supplied by the)-2.956 F (user in the \214lename to be completed.)144 156 Q F1 (menu\255complete\255display\255pr)108 168 Q(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 -1.586(If set to)144 180 R F1(On)4.086 E F0 4.086(,m)C 1.585(enu complet\ +1.585(If set to)144 180 R F1(On)4.085 E F0 4.085(,m)C 1.585(enu complet\ ion displays the common pre\214x of the list of possible completions) --4.086 F(\(which may be empty\) before c)144 192 Q +-4.085 F(\(which may be empty\) before c)144 192 Q (ycling through the list.)-.15 E F1(output\255meta \(Off\))108 204 Q F0 -.506(If set to)144 216 R F1(On)3.006 E F0 3.006(,r)C .507(eadline will \ +.507(If set to)144 216 R F1(On)3.007 E F0 3.007(,r)C .507(eadline will \ display characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than as a me\ -ta-)-3.006 F(pre\214x)144 228 Q .885(ed escape sequence.)-.15 F .884 +ta-)-3.007 F(pre\214x)144 228 Q .884(ed escape sequence.)-.15 F .884 (The def)5.884 F .884(ault is)-.1 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Of)3.384 E (f)-.18 E F0 3.384(,b)C .884(ut readline will set it to)-3.584 F F2(On) -3.384 E F0 .884(if the locale contains)3.384 F(eight-bit characters.)144 -240 Q F1(page\255completions \(On\))108 252 Q F0 .808(If set to)144 264 +3.384 E F0 .885(if the locale contains)3.384 F(eight-bit characters.)144 +240 Q F1(page\255completions \(On\))108 252 Q F0 .809(If set to)144 264 R F1(On)3.308 E F0 3.308(,r)C .808(eadline uses an internal)-3.308 F F2 (mor)3.308 E(e)-.37 E F0(-lik)A 3.308(ep)-.1 G .808 (ager to display a screenful of possible comple-)-3.308 F (tions at a time.)144 276 Q F1 -(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 288 Q F0 1.319 -(If set to)144 300 R F1(On)3.819 E F0 3.819(,r)C 1.318(eadline will dis\ -play completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical)-3.819 +(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 288 Q F0 1.318 +(If set to)144 300 R F1(On)3.818 E F0 3.818(,r)C 1.319(eadline will dis\ +play completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical)-3.818 F(order)144 312 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E(wn the screen.)-.25 E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 324 T(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E -F0 .698(If set to)144 336 R F1(On)3.198 E F0 3.198(,r)C .699 +F0 .699(If set to)144 336 R F1(On)3.199 E F0 3.199(,r)C .699 (eadline will undo all changes to history lines before returning when) --3.198 F F1(accept\255line)3.199 E F0(is)3.199 E -.15(exe)144 348 S +-3.199 F F1(accept\255line)3.198 E F0(is)3.198 E -.15(exe)144 348 S 2.686(cuted. By).15 F(def)2.686 E .186 (ault, history lines may be modi\214ed and retain indi)-.1 F .186 (vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)144 360 S(adline) .18 E F0(.)A F1(sho)108 372 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E -F0 .303(This alters the def)144 384 R .303(ault beha)-.1 F .304 +F0 .304(This alters the def)144 384 R .304(ault beha)-.1 F .304 (vior of the completion functions.)-.2 F .304(If set to)5.304 F F1(On) -2.804 E F0 2.804(,w)C .304(ords which ha)-2.904 F .604 -.15(ve m)-.2 H +2.804 E F0 2.803(,w)C .303(ords which ha)-2.903 F .603 -.15(ve m)-.2 H (ore).15 E 1.264(than one possible completion cause the matches to be l\ isted immediately instead of ringing the)144 396 R(bell.)144 408 Q F1 -(sho)108 420 Q(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.345 -(This alters the def)144 432 R 5.345(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345 -(vior of the completion functions in a f)-.2 F 5.346(ashion similar to) --.1 F F1(sho)144 444 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.691(.I)C -4.191(fs)-6.691 G 1.691(et to)-4.191 F F1(On)4.191 E F0 4.191(,w)C 1.691 +(sho)108 420 Q(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.346 +(This alters the def)144 432 R 5.346(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345 +(vior of the completion functions in a f)-.2 F 5.345(ashion similar to) +-.1 F F1(sho)144 444 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.69(.I)C +4.19(fs)-6.69 G 1.691(et to)-4.19 F F1(On)4.191 E F0 4.191(,w)C 1.691 (ords which ha)-4.291 F 1.991 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.691 -(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.039(without an)144 456 R 3.539 +(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.04(without an)144 456 R 3.54 (yp)-.15 G 1.039 -(ossible partial completion \(the possible completions don')-3.539 F -3.539(ts)-.18 G 1.04(hare a common pre\214x\))-3.539 F(cause the matche\ -s to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 468 Q F1 -(sho)108 480 Q(w\255mode\255in\255pr)-.1 E(ompt \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.022 -(If set to)144 492 R F1(On)3.522 E F0 3.522(,a)C 1.022 -(dd a string to the be)-3.522 F 1.021 +(ossible partial completion \(the possible completions don')-3.54 F +3.539(ts)-.18 G 1.039(hare a common pre\214x\))-3.539 F(cause the match\ +es to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 468 Q F1 +(sho)108 480 Q(w\255mode\255in\255pr)-.1 E(ompt \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.021 +(If set to)144 492 R F1(On)3.521 E F0 3.521(,a)C 1.022 +(dd a string to the be)-3.521 F 1.022 (ginning of the prompt indicating the editing mode: emacs, vi)-.15 F (command, or vi insertion.)144 504 Q(The mode strings are user)5 E (-settable \(e.g.,)-.2 E F2(emacs\255mode\255string)2.5 E F0(\).)A F1 -(skip\255completed\255text \(Off\))108 516 Q F0 .094(If set to)144 528 R -F1(On)2.594 E F0 2.594(,t)C .095(his alters the def)-2.594 F .095 -(ault completion beha)-.1 F .095 +(skip\255completed\255text \(Off\))108 516 Q F0 .095(If set to)144 528 R +F1(On)2.595 E F0 2.595(,t)C .095(his alters the def)-2.595 F .095 +(ault completion beha)-.1 F .094 (vior when inserting a single match into the line.)-.2 F(It')144 540 Q -2.546(so)-.55 G .046(nly acti)-2.546 F .346 -.15(ve w)-.25 H .046 -(hen performing completion in the middle of a w).15 F 2.545(ord. If)-.1 -F .045(enabled, readline does not)2.545 F 1.394(insert characters from \ +2.545(so)-.55 G .045(nly acti)-2.545 F .345 -.15(ve w)-.25 H .046 +(hen performing completion in the middle of a w).15 F 2.546(ord. If)-.1 +F .046(enabled, readline does not)2.546 F 1.394(insert characters from \ the completion that match characters after point in the w)144 552 R -1.395(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, so portions of the w)144 564 Q +1.394(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, so portions of the w)144 564 Q (ord follo)-.1 E(wing the cursor are not duplicated.)-.25 E F1 -(vi\255cmd\255mode\255string \(\(cmd\)\))108 576 Q F0 .518(If the)144 -588 R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.018 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 -.25(va)3.018 G -.517(riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the) +(vi\255cmd\255mode\255string \(\(cmd\)\))108 576 Q F0 .517(If the)144 +588 R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.017 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 -.25(va)3.017 G +.518(riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the) .25 F .475(last line of the primary prompt when vi editing mode is acti) -144 600 R .775 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .476(nd in command mode.).15 F .476 -(The v)5.476 F(alue)-.25 E 1.236(is e)144 612 R 1.236(xpanded lik)-.15 F -3.736(eak)-.1 G 1.536 -.15(ey b)-3.836 H 1.236 -(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x).15 F 1.235 -(es and backslash)-.15 F .314(escape sequences is a)144 624 R -.25(va) --.2 G 2.814(ilable. Use).25 F .314(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.814 F -.315(gin and end sequences of non-print-)-.15 F(ing characters, which c\ +144 600 R .775 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .475(nd in command mode.).15 F .475 +(The v)5.475 F(alue)-.25 E 1.235(is e)144 612 R 1.235(xpanded lik)-.15 F +3.735(eak)-.1 G 1.535 -.15(ey b)-3.835 H 1.236 +(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x).15 F 1.236 +(es and backslash)-.15 F .315(escape sequences is a)144 624 R -.25(va) +-.2 G 2.815(ilable. Use).25 F .314(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.815 F +.314(gin and end sequences of non-print-)-.15 F(ing characters, which c\ an be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the mode string.) -144 636 Q F1(vi\255ins\255mode\255string \(\(ins\)\))108 648 Q F0 .518 -(If the)144 660 R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.018 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 --.25(va)3.018 G .517 +144 636 Q F1(vi\255ins\255mode\255string \(\(ins\)\))108 648 Q F0 .517 +(If the)144 660 R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.017 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 +-.25(va)3.017 G .518 (riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the).25 F .186(last line of the primary prompt when vi editing mode is acti)144 -672 R .486 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .186(nd in insertion mode.).15 F .187(The v) -5.186 F .187(alue is)-.25 F -.15(ex)144 684 S 1.93(panded lik).15 F 4.43 -(eak)-.1 G 2.23 -.15(ey b)-4.53 H 1.929 -(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x).15 F 1.929 -(es and backslash)-.15 F .314(escape sequences is a)144 696 R -.25(va) --.2 G 2.814(ilable. Use).25 F .314(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.814 F -.315(gin and end sequences of non-print-)-.15 F(ing characters, which c\ +672 R .486 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .186(nd in insertion mode.).15 F .186(The v) +5.186 F .186(alue is)-.25 F -.15(ex)144 684 S 1.929(panded lik).15 F +4.429(eak)-.1 G 2.229 -.15(ey b)-4.529 H 1.929 +(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x).15 F 1.93 +(es and backslash)-.15 F .315(escape sequences is a)144 696 R -.25(va) +-.2 G 2.815(ilable. Use).25 F .314(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.815 F +.314(gin and end sequences of non-print-)-.15 F(ing characters, which c\ an be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the mode string.) 144 708 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(43)199.835 E 0 Cg EP @@ -5395,27 +5398,27 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(visible\255stats \(Off\))108 84 Q F0 .847(If set to)144 96 R F1(On) +SF(visible\255stats \(Off\))108 84 Q F0 .846(If set to)144 96 R F1(On) 3.346 E F0 3.346(,ac)C .846(haracter denoting a \214le')-3.346 F 3.346 (st)-.55 G .846(ype as reported by)-3.346 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF (stat)3.346 E F0 .846(\(2\) is appended to the \214lename)B (when listing possible completions.)144 108 Q F1 (Readline Conditional Constructs)87 124.8 Q F0 .05 (Readline implements a f)108 136.8 R .05(acility similar in spirit to t\ -he conditional compilation features of the C preprocessor)-.1 F .097 -(which allo)108 148.8 R .097(ws k)-.25 F .396 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .096 +he conditional compilation features of the C preprocessor)-.1 F .096 +(which allo)108 148.8 R .096(ws k)-.25 F .396 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .096 (indings and v).15 F .096 -(ariable settings to be performed as the result of tests.)-.25 F .096 +(ariable settings to be performed as the result of tests.)-.25 F .097 (There are four parser)5.096 F(directi)108 160.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 -(su).15 G(sed.)-2.5 E F1($if)108 177.6 Q F0(The)144 177.6 Q F1($if)2.962 -E F0 .462(construct allo)2.962 F .463(ws bindings to be made based on t\ +(su).15 G(sed.)-2.5 E F1($if)108 177.6 Q F0(The)144 177.6 Q F1($if)2.963 +E F0 .463(construct allo)2.963 F .462(ws bindings to be made based on t\ he editing mode, the terminal being used,)-.25 F (or the application using readline.)144 189.6 Q(The te)5 E (xt of the test, after an)-.15 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(omparison operator)-2.5 E (,)-.4 E -.15(ex)146.5 201.6 S(tends to the end of the line; unless oth\ erwise noted, no characters are required to isolate it.).15 E F1(mode) -144 218.4 Q F0(The)180 218.4 Q F1(mode=)3.712 E F0 1.212(form of the) -3.712 F F1($if)3.711 E F0(directi)3.711 E 1.511 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 3.711 +144 218.4 Q F0(The)180 218.4 Q F1(mode=)3.711 E F0 1.211(form of the) +3.711 F F1($if)3.711 E F0(directi)3.711 E 1.511 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 3.711 (su).15 G 1.211(sed to test whether readline is in emacs or vi)-3.711 F 3.065(mode. This)180 230.4 R .565(may be used in conjunction with the) 3.065 F F1 .565(set k)3.065 F(eymap)-.1 E F0 .565 @@ -5423,58 +5426,58 @@ erwise noted, no characters are required to isolate it.).15 E F1(mode) F2(emacs\255standar)3.235 E(d)-.37 E F0(and)3.235 E F2(emacs\255ctlx) 3.235 E F0 -.1(ke)3.235 G .735(ymaps only if readline is starting)-.05 F (out in emacs mode.)180 254.4 Q F1(term)144 271.2 Q F0(The)180 271.2 Q -F1(term=)3.196 E F0 .696 -(form may be used to include terminal-speci\214c k)3.196 F .996 -.15 -(ey b)-.1 H .697(indings, perhaps to bind).15 F .654(the k)180 283.2 R +F1(term=)3.197 E F0 .696 +(form may be used to include terminal-speci\214c k)3.197 F .996 -.15 +(ey b)-.1 H .696(indings, perhaps to bind).15 F .654(the k)180 283.2 R .954 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .654(equences output by the terminal').15 F 3.154 (sf)-.55 G .654(unction k)-3.154 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.154(s. The).15 F -.1 -(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 295.2 Q F1(=)3.231 -E F0 .731(is tested ag)3.231 F .732(ainst both the full name of the ter\ +(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 295.2 Q F1(=)3.232 +E F0 .732(is tested ag)3.232 F .732(ainst both the full name of the ter\ minal and the portion of the terminal)-.05 F(name before the \214rst)180 307.2 Q F12.5 E F0 5(.T)C(his allo)-5 E(ws)-.25 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0 (to match both)2.74 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0(and)2.74 E F2(sun\255cmd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,f).77 G(or instance.)-2.5 E F1 -.1(ve)144 324 S(rsion).1 E F0(The) -180 336 Q F1 -.1(ve)3.109 G(rsion).1 E F0 .608 -(test may be used to perform comparisons ag)3.109 F .608 +180 336 Q F1 -.1(ve)3.108 G(rsion).1 E F0 .608 +(test may be used to perform comparisons ag)3.108 F .609 (ainst speci\214c readline v)-.05 F(ersions.)-.15 E(The)180 348 Q F1 -.1 -(ve)3.928 G(rsion).1 E F0 -.15(ex)3.928 G 1.428 -(pands to the current readline v).15 F 3.928(ersion. The)-.15 F 1.429 -(set of comparison operators)3.929 F(includes)180 360 Q F1(=)2.606 E F0 -2.606(,\()C(and)-2.606 E F1(==)2.606 E F0(\),)A F1(!=)2.606 E F0(,)A F1 +(ve)3.929 G(rsion).1 E F0 -.15(ex)3.929 G 1.428 +(pands to the current readline v).15 F 3.928(ersion. The)-.15 F 1.428 +(set of comparison operators)3.928 F(includes)180 360 Q F1(=)2.605 E F0 +2.605(,\()C(and)-2.605 E F1(==)2.606 E F0(\),)A F1(!=)2.606 E F0(,)A F1 (<=)2.606 E F0(,)A F1(>=)2.606 E F0(,)A F1(<)2.606 E F0 2.606(,a)C(nd) -2.606 E F1(>)2.606 E F0 5.106(.T)C .106(he v)-5.106 F .106 -(ersion number supplied on the right side)-.15 F 1.471 +(ersion number supplied on the right side)-.15 F 1.472 (of the operator consists of a major v)180 372 R 1.471(ersion number) --.15 F 3.972(,a)-.4 G 3.972(no)-3.972 G 1.472 -(ptional decimal point, and an)-3.972 F .767(optional minor v)180 384 R -.767(ersion \(e.g.,)-.15 F F1(7.1)3.267 E F0 .766(\). If the minor v)B -.766(ersion is omitted, it is assumed to be)-.15 F F1(0)3.266 E F0(.)A -1.755(The operator may be separated from the string)180 396 R F1 -.1(ve) -4.255 G(rsion).1 E F0 1.756(and from the v)4.256 F 1.756(ersion number) +-.15 F 3.971(,a)-.4 G 3.971(no)-3.971 G 1.471 +(ptional decimal point, and an)-3.971 F .766(optional minor v)180 384 R +.766(ersion \(e.g.,)-.15 F F1(7.1)3.266 E F0 .766(\). If the minor v)B +.766(ersion is omitted, it is assumed to be)-.15 F F1(0)3.267 E F0(.)A +1.756(The operator may be separated from the string)180 396 R F1 -.1(ve) +4.255 G(rsion).1 E F0 1.755(and from the v)4.255 F 1.755(ersion number) -.15 F(ar)180 408 Q(gument by whitespace.)-.18 E F1(application)144 424.8 Q F0(The)180 436.8 Q F1(application)3.003 E F0 .503 (construct is used to include application-speci\214c settings.)3.003 F .503(Each program)5.503 F .114(using the readline library sets the)180 448.8 R F2 .114(application name)2.614 F F0 2.614(,a)C .114 -(nd an initialization \214le can test for a)-2.614 F .501(particular v) -180 460.8 R 3.001(alue. This)-.25 F .501(could be used to bind k)3.001 F -.801 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .5(equences to functions useful for a spe-).15 F -.396(ci\214c program.)180 472.8 R -.15(Fo)5.396 G 2.896(ri).15 G .396 +(nd an initialization \214le can test for a)-2.614 F .5(particular v)180 +460.8 R 3(alue. This)-.25 F .501(could be used to bind k)3 F .801 -.15 +(ey s)-.1 H .501(equences to functions useful for a spe-).15 F .397 +(ci\214c program.)180 472.8 R -.15(Fo)5.397 G 2.896(ri).15 G .396 (nstance, the follo)-2.896 F .396(wing command adds a k)-.25 F .696 -.15 -(ey s)-.1 H .397(equence that quotes the).15 F(current or pre)180 484.8 +(ey s)-.1 H .396(equence that quotes the).15 F(current or pre)180 484.8 Q(vious w)-.25 E(ord in)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(:)A F1($if)180 508.8 Q F0 (Bash)2.5 E 2.5(#Q)180 520.8 S(uote the current or pre)-2.5 E(vious w) -.25 E(ord)-.1 E("\\C\255xq": "\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")180 532.8 Q F1($endif)180 -544.8 Q F2(variable)144 561.6 Q F0(The)180 573.6 Q F2(variable)3.777 E -F0 1.277(construct pro)3.777 F 1.276 -(vides simple equality tests for readline v)-.15 F 1.276(ariables and v) --.25 F(alues.)-.25 E .079(The permitted comparison operators are)180 +544.8 Q F2(variable)144 561.6 Q F0(The)180 573.6 Q F2(variable)3.776 E +F0 1.276(construct pro)3.776 F 1.276 +(vides simple equality tests for readline v)-.15 F 1.277(ariables and v) +-.25 F(alues.)-.25 E .08(The permitted comparison operators are)180 585.6 R F2(=)2.579 E F0(,)A F2(==)2.579 E F0 2.579(,a)C(nd)-2.579 E F2 -(!=)2.579 E F0 5.079(.T)C .079(he v)-5.079 F .08 +(!=)2.579 E F0 5.079(.T)C .079(he v)-5.079 F .079 (ariable name must be sepa-)-.25 F .98(rated from the comparison operat\ -or by whitespace; the operator may be separated from)180 597.6 R .129 -(the v)180 609.6 R .129(alue on the right hand side by whitespace.)-.25 -F .13(Both string and boolean v)5.129 F .13(ariables may be)-.25 F +or by whitespace; the operator may be separated from)180 597.6 R .13 +(the v)180 609.6 R .13(alue on the right hand side by whitespace.)-.25 F +.129(Both string and boolean v)5.129 F .129(ariables may be)-.25 F (tested. Boolean v)180 621.6 Q(ariables must be tested ag)-.25 E (ainst the v)-.05 E(alues)-.25 E F2(on)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(of)2.5 E(f) -.18 E F0(.)A F1($endif)108 638.4 Q F0(This command, as seen in the pre) @@ -5482,8 +5485,8 @@ F .13(Both string and boolean v)5.129 F .13(ariables may be)-.25 F (command.)2.5 E F1($else)108 655.2 Q F0(Commands in this branch of the) 144 655.2 Q F1($if)2.5 E F0(directi)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(re e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted if the test f).15 E(ails.)-.1 E F1($include)108 672 -Q F0 .357(This directi)144 684 R .657 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(ak).15 E .357 -(es a single \214lename as an ar)-.1 F .356 +Q F0 .356(This directi)144 684 R .656 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(ak).15 E .356 +(es a single \214lename as an ar)-.1 F .357 (gument and reads commands and bindings from that)-.18 F 2.5(\214le. F) 144 696 R(or e)-.15 E(xample, the follo)-.15 E(wing directi)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve w)-.25 H(ould read).05 E F2(/etc/inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(:)A F1 @@ -5495,61 +5498,61 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(Sear)87 84 Q(ching)-.18 E F0 .834(Readline pro)108 96 R .834 +SF(Sear)87 84 Q(ching)-.18 E F0 .835(Readline pro)108 96 R .835 (vides commands for searching through the command history \(see)-.15 F -/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.335 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)3.085 E -.835(w\) for lines)-.25 F(containing a speci\214ed string.)108 108 Q +/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.334 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)3.084 E +.834(w\) for lines)-.25 F(containing a speci\214ed string.)108 108 Q (There are tw)5 E 2.5(os)-.1 G(earch modes:)-2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(incr)2.51 E(emental)-.37 E F0(and)3.01 E F3(non-incr)2.5 E(emental) --.37 E F0(.).51 E .698(Incremental searches be)108 124.8 R .698 +-.37 E F0(.).51 E .697(Incremental searches be)108 124.8 R .697 (gin before the user has \214nished typing the search string.)-.15 F -.697(As each character of the)5.697 F .112 +.698(As each character of the)5.698 F .113 (search string is typed, readline displays the ne)108 136.8 R .112 (xt entry from the history matching the string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 -E 5.113(.A)-.55 G(n)-5.113 E .542 +E 5.112(.A)-.55 G(n)-5.112 E .542 (incremental search requires only as man)108 148.8 R 3.042(yc)-.15 G .542(haracters as needed to \214nd the desired history entry)-3.042 F -5.541(.T)-.65 G .541(he char)-5.541 F(-)-.2 E .224 +5.542(.T)-.65 G .542(he char)-5.542 F(-)-.2 E .224 (acters present in the v)108 160.8 R .224(alue of the)-.25 F F1(isear) 2.724 E(ch-terminators)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.724 G .224 (riable are used to terminate an incremental search.).25 F .66 (If that v)108 172.8 R .66(ariable has not been assigned a v)-.25 F .66 (alue the Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incre-)-.25 -F .096(mental search.)108 184.8 R .096(Control-G will abort an incremen\ -tal search and restore the original line.)5.096 F .097 -(When the search is)5.097 F(terminated, the history entry containing th\ -e search string becomes the current line.)108 196.8 Q 2.939 -.8(To \214) +F .097(mental search.)108 184.8 R .096(Control-G will abort an incremen\ +tal search and restore the original line.)5.097 F .096 +(When the search is)5.096 F(terminated, the history entry containing th\ +e search string becomes the current line.)108 196.8 Q 2.938 -.8(To \214) 108 213.6 T 1.339(nd other matching entries in the history list, type C\ -ontrol-S or Control-R as appropriate.).8 F 1.338(This will)6.338 F .674 -(search backw)108 225.6 R .674(ard or forw)-.1 F .674 -(ard in the history for the ne)-.1 F .675 -(xt entry matching the search string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E 5.675 -(.A)-.55 G -.15(ny)-5.675 G .175(other k)108 237.6 R .475 -.15(ey s)-.1 +ontrol-S or Control-R as appropriate.).8 F 1.339(This will)6.339 F .675 +(search backw)108 225.6 R .675(ard or forw)-.1 F .675 +(ard in the history for the ne)-.1 F .674 +(xt entry matching the search string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E 5.674 +(.A)-.55 G -.15(ny)-5.674 G .174(other k)108 237.6 R .474 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .174 (equence bound to a readline command will terminate the search and e).15 -F -.15(xe)-.15 G .174(cute that command.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.174 G(r).15 E -.54(instance, a)108 249.6 R F3(ne)3.04 E(wline)-.15 E F0 .541 -(will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby e)3.04 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .541(cuting the command from the).15 F(history list.)108 -261.6 Q .653(Readline remembers the last incremental search string.)108 -278.4 R .653(If tw)5.653 F 3.153(oC)-.1 G .653 -(ontrol-Rs are typed without an)-3.153 F 3.152(yi)-.15 G(nterv)-3.152 E -(en-)-.15 E(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 290.4 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G +F -.15(xe)-.15 G .175(cute that command.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.175 G(r).15 E +.541(instance, a)108 249.6 R F3(ne)3.041 E(wline)-.15 E F0 .541 +(will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby e)3.041 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .54(cuting the command from the).15 F(history list.)108 261.6 +Q .653(Readline remembers the last incremental search string.)108 278.4 +R .653(If tw)5.653 F 3.153(oC)-.1 G .653(ontrol-Rs are typed without an) +-3.153 F 3.153(yi)-.15 G(nterv)-3.153 E(en-)-.15 E +(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 290.4 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G (earch string, an)-2.5 E 2.5(yr)-.15 G(emembered search string is used.) -2.5 E .567(Non-incremental searches read the entire search string befo\ re starting to search for matching history lines.)108 307.2 R(The searc\ h string may be typed by the user or be part of the contents of the cur\ -rent line.)108 319.2 Q F1(Readline Command Names)87 336 Q F0 1.392 +rent line.)108 319.2 Q F1(Readline Command Names)87 336 Q F0 1.391 (The follo)108 348 R 1.391 (wing is a list of the names of the commands and the def)-.25 F 1.391 (ault k)-.1 F 1.691 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.391(equences to which the).15 F -3.891(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.891 E 2.621(bound. Command)108 360 R .121 -(names without an accompan)2.621 F .121(ying k)-.15 F .421 -.15(ey s)-.1 -H .122(equence are unbound by def).15 F 2.622(ault. In)-.1 F .122 -(the follo)2.622 F(wing)-.25 E(descriptions,)108 372 Q F3(point)3.411 E -F0 .911(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.411 F F3(mark)3.411 -E F0 .91(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.41(db) -.15 G 3.41(yt)-3.41 G(he)-3.41 E F1(set\255mark)108 384 Q F0 2.5 +3.892(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.892 E 2.622(bound. Command)108 360 R .122 +(names without an accompan)2.622 F .122(ying k)-.15 F .421 -.15(ey s)-.1 +H .121(equence are unbound by def).15 F 2.621(ault. In)-.1 F .121 +(the follo)2.621 F(wing)-.25 E(descriptions,)108 372 Q F3(point)3.41 E +F0 .91(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.41 F F3(mark)3.411 E +F0 .911(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.411(db) +.15 G 3.411(yt)-3.411 G(he)-3.411 E F1(set\255mark)108 384 Q F0 2.5 (command. The)2.5 F(te)2.5 E (xt between the point and mark is referred to as the)-.15 E F3 -.37(re) 2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A F1(Commands f)87 400.8 Q(or Mo)-.25 E(ving)-.1 @@ -5561,9 +5564,9 @@ E(beginning\255of\255line \(C\255a\))108 412.8 Q F0(Mo)144 424.8 Q .3 -.15 H(orw).15 E(ard a character)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1 (backward\255char \(C\255b\))108 484.8 Q F0(Mo)144 496.8 Q .3 -.15(ve b) -.15 H(ack a character).15 E(.)-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)108 508.8 S(rward\255w) -.25 E(ord \(M\255f\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 520.8 Q .822 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) -.15 E .522(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .523(xt w)-.15 F 3.023(ord. W) --.1 F .523(ords are composed of alphanumeric characters \(let-)-.8 F +.25 E(ord \(M\255f\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 520.8 Q .823 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) +.15 E .523(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .523(xt w)-.15 F 3.023(ord. W) +-.1 F .522(ords are composed of alphanumeric characters \(let-)-.8 F (ters and digits\).)144 532.8 Q F1(backward\255w)108 544.8 Q (ord \(M\255b\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 556.8 Q 1.71 -.15(ve b)-.15 H 1.41 (ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F 1.41(vious w)-.25 F 3.91 @@ -5573,25 +5576,25 @@ Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 592.8 Q .784 -.15(ve f)-.15 H (orw).15 E .484(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .484(xt w)-.15 F 2.984 (ord. W)-.1 F .484(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharac-) -.8 F(ters.)144 604.8 Q F1(shell\255backward\255w)108 616.8 Q(ord)-.1 E -F0(Mo)144 628.8 Q .909 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .609 +F0(Mo)144 628.8 Q .908 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .609 (ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F .609(vious w)-.25 F 3.109 -(ord. W)-.1 F .608(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell)-.8 F +(ord. W)-.1 F .609(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell)-.8 F (metacharacters.)144 640.8 Q F1(pr)108 652.8 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G -(ious\255scr).15 E(een\255line)-.18 E F0 .89(Attempt to mo)144 664.8 R -1.19 -.15(ve p)-.15 H .89(oint to the same ph).15 F .891 -(ysical screen column on the pre)-.05 F .891(vious ph)-.25 F .891 +(ious\255scr).15 E(een\255line)-.18 E F0 .891(Attempt to mo)144 664.8 R +1.191 -.15(ve p)-.15 H .891(oint to the same ph).15 F .891 +(ysical screen column on the pre)-.05 F .89(vious ph)-.25 F .89 (ysical screen line.)-.05 F .87(This will not ha)144 676.8 R 1.17 -.15 (ve t)-.2 H .87(he desired ef).15 F .87 (fect if the current Readline line does not tak)-.25 F 3.37(eu)-.1 G 3.37(pm)-3.37 G .87(ore than one)-3.37 F(ph)144 688.8 Q(ysical line or \ if point is not greater than the length of the prompt plus the screen w\ -idth.)-.05 E F1(next\255scr)108 700.8 Q(een\255line)-.18 E F0 .637 -(Attempt to mo)144 712.8 R .937 -.15(ve p)-.15 H .637 -(oint to the same ph).15 F .638(ysical screen column on the ne)-.05 F -.638(xt ph)-.15 F .638(ysical screen line. This)-.05 F .009(will not ha) +idth.)-.05 E F1(next\255scr)108 700.8 Q(een\255line)-.18 E F0 .638 +(Attempt to mo)144 712.8 R .938 -.15(ve p)-.15 H .638 +(oint to the same ph).15 F .637(ysical screen column on the ne)-.05 F +.637(xt ph)-.15 F .637(ysical screen line. This)-.05 F .008(will not ha) 144 724.8 R .309 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .009(he desired ef).15 F .009 (fect if the current Readline line does not tak)-.25 F 2.509(eu)-.1 G -2.509(pm)-2.509 G .008(ore than one ph)-2.509 F(ysical)-.05 E +2.509(pm)-2.509 G .009(ore than one ph)-2.509 F(ysical)-.05 E (GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(45)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 46 46 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -5608,10 +5611,10 @@ SF(clear\255scr)108 108 Q(een \(C\255l\))-.18 E F0 .993 (current line without clearing the screen.)144 132 Q F1 -.18(re)108 144 S(draw\255curr).18 E(ent\255line)-.18 E F0(Refresh the current line.)144 156 Q F1(Commands f)87 172.8 Q(or Manipulating the History)-.25 E -(accept\255line \(Newline, Retur)108 184.8 Q(n\))-.15 E F0 .158 -(Accept the line re)144 196.8 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .158 +(accept\255line \(Newline, Retur)108 184.8 Q(n\))-.15 E F0 .159 +(Accept the line re)144 196.8 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .159 (rdless of where the cursor is.).05 F .158(If this line is non-empty) -5.158 F 2.659(,a)-.65 G .159(dd it to the history list)-2.659 F .699 +5.158 F 2.658(,a)-.65 G .158(dd it to the history list)-2.658 F .699 (according to the state of the)144 208.8 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF (HISTCONTR)3.199 E(OL)-.27 E F0 -.25(va)2.949 G 3.199(riable. If).25 F .699(the line is a modi\214ed history line, then)3.199 F @@ -5627,55 +5630,55 @@ E(ving forw)-.15 E(ard in the list.)-.1 E F1 .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the input history)-2.5 E 2.5 (,i)-.65 G(.e., the line currently being entered.)-2.5 E F1 -2.29 -.18 (re v)108 328.8 T(erse\255sear).08 E(ch\255history \(C\255r\))-.18 E F0 -1.47(Search backw)144 340.8 R 1.471 -(ard starting at the current line and mo)-.1 F 1.471 +1.471(Search backw)144 340.8 R 1.471 +(ard starting at the current line and mo)-.1 F 1.47 (ving `up' through the history as necessary)-.15 F(.)-.65 E (This is an incremental search.)144 352.8 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 364.8 S -(rward\255sear).25 E(ch\255history \(C\255s\))-.18 E F0 1.132 -(Search forw)144 376.8 R 1.132(ard starting at the current line and mo) --.1 F 1.131(ving `do)-.15 F 1.131(wn' through the history as necessary) +(rward\255sear).25 E(ch\255history \(C\255s\))-.18 E F0 1.131 +(Search forw)144 376.8 R 1.131(ard starting at the current line and mo) +-.1 F 1.132(ving `do)-.15 F 1.132(wn' through the history as necessary) -.25 F(.)-.65 E(This is an incremental search.)144 388.8 Q F1 (non\255incr)108 400.8 Q(emental\255r)-.18 E -2.3 -.15(ev e)-.18 H -(rse\255sear).15 E(ch\255history \(M\255p\))-.18 E F0 .164(Search backw) +(rse\255sear).15 E(ch\255history \(M\255p\))-.18 E F0 .165(Search backw) 144 412.8 R .164(ard through the history starting at the current line u\ sing a non-incremental search for)-.1 F 2.5(as)144 424.8 S (tring supplied by the user)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(non\255incr)108 436.8 Q (emental\255f)-.18 E(orward\255sear)-.25 E(ch\255history \(M\255n\))-.18 -E F0 1.354(Search forw)144 448.8 R 1.354(ard through the history using \ +E F0 1.353(Search forw)144 448.8 R 1.354(ard through the history using \ a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the)-.1 F(user)144 460.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1(history\255sear)108 472.8 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward) --.25 E F0 .248(Search forw)144 484.8 R .249(ard through the history for\ +-.25 E F0 .249(Search forw)144 484.8 R .249(ard through the history for\ the string of characters between the start of the current line)-.1 F (and the point.)144 496.8 Q(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1 -(history\255sear)108 508.8 Q(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .951(Search backw) +(history\255sear)108 508.8 Q(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .95(Search backw) 144 520.8 R .951(ard through the history for the string of characters b\ etween the start of the current)-.1 F(line and the point.)144 532.8 Q (This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1(history\255substring\255sear) -108 544.8 Q(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .95(Search backw)144 556.8 R .951(\ -ard through the history for the string of characters between the start \ -of the current)-.1 F .007(line and the current cursor position \(the)144 -568.8 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(point)2.507 E F0 2.507(\). The)B .007 -(search string may match an)2.507 F .006(ywhere in a history)-.15 F 2.5 -(line. This)144 580.8 R(is a non-incremental search.)2.5 E F1 +108 544.8 Q(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .951(Search backw)144 556.8 R .951 +(ard through the history for the string of characters between the start\ + of the current)-.1 F .007(line and the current cursor position \(the) +144 568.8 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(point)2.507 E F0 2.507(\). The)B +.007(search string may match an)2.507 F .007(ywhere in a history)-.15 F +2.5(line. This)144 580.8 R(is a non-incremental search.)2.5 E F1 (history\255substring\255sear)108 592.8 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward)-.25 E -F0 .248(Search forw)144 604.8 R .249(ard through the history for the st\ -ring of characters between the start of the current line)-.1 F .319 -(and the point.)144 616.8 R .319(The search string may match an)5.319 F -.319(ywhere in a history line.)-.15 F .318(This is a non-incremental) -5.318 F(search.)144 628.8 Q F1(yank\255nth\255ar)108 640.8 Q 2.5(g\()-.1 +F0 .249(Search forw)144 604.8 R .249(ard through the history for the st\ +ring of characters between the start of the current line)-.1 F .318 +(and the point.)144 616.8 R .319(The search string may match an)5.318 F +.319(ywhere in a history line.)-.15 F .319(This is a non-incremental) +5.319 F(search.)144 628.8 Q F1(yank\255nth\255ar)108 640.8 Q 2.5(g\()-.1 G<4dad43ad7929>-2.5 E F0 .622(Insert the \214rst ar)144 652.8 R .622 (gument to the pre)-.18 F .622(vious command \(usually the second w)-.25 -F .622(ord on the pre)-.1 F .622(vious line\))-.25 F .795(at point.)144 -664.8 R -.4(Wi)5.795 G .794(th an ar).4 F(gument)-.18 E F3(n)3.294 E F0 +F .622(ord on the pre)-.1 F .622(vious line\))-.25 F .794(at point.)144 +664.8 R -.4(Wi)5.794 G .794(th an ar).4 F(gument)-.18 E F3(n)3.294 E F0 3.294(,i).24 G .794(nsert the)-3.294 F F3(n)3.294 E F0 .794(th w)B .794 -(ord from the pre)-.1 F .794(vious command \(the w)-.25 F .794 -(ords in the)-.1 F(pre)144 676.8 Q .291(vious command be)-.25 F .291 +(ord from the pre)-.1 F .794(vious command \(the w)-.25 F .795 +(ords in the)-.1 F(pre)144 676.8 Q .292(vious command be)-.25 F .292 (gin with w)-.15 F .291(ord 0\).)-.1 F 2.791(An)5.291 G -2.25 -.15(eg a) -2.791 H(ti).15 E .591 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .291 -(ument inserts the).18 F F3(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .292 -(ord from the end of)-.1 F .282(the pre)144 688.8 R .282(vious command.) --.25 F .282(Once the ar)5.282 F(gument)-.18 E F3(n)2.781 E F0 .281 -(is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F .281 +(ument inserts the).18 F F3(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .291 +(ord from the end of)-.1 F .281(the pre)144 688.8 R .281(vious command.) +-.25 F .281(Once the ar)5.281 F(gument)-.18 E F3(n)2.781 E F0 .281 +(is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F .282 (xtracted as if the "!)-.15 F F3(n)A F0(")A(history e)144 700.8 Q (xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q (2018 June 8)150.675 E(46)199.835 E 0 Cg EP @@ -5686,56 +5689,56 @@ BP /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(yank\255last\255ar)108 84 Q 2.5(g\()-.1 G -1.667(M\255. ,)-2.5 F --1.667(M\255_ \))2.5 F F0 1.307(Insert the last ar)144 96 R 1.307 -(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307(vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.308 -(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.308(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 108 -S .204(th a numeric ar).4 F .204(gument, beha)-.18 F .504 -.15(ve ex)-.2 +-1.667(M\255_ \))2.5 F F0 1.308(Insert the last ar)144 96 R 1.308 +(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307(vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.307 +(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.307(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 108 +S .203(th a numeric ar).4 F .203(gument, beha)-.18 F .504 -.15(ve ex)-.2 H .204(actly lik).15 F(e)-.1 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)2.704 E(g)-.1 E F0 -5.203(.S)C(uccessi)-5.203 E .503 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .203(alls to).15 F F1 -(yank\255last\255ar)2.703 E(g)-.1 E F0(mo)144 120 Q .806 -.15(ve b)-.15 +5.204(.S)C(uccessi)-5.204 E .504 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .204(alls to).15 F F1 +(yank\255last\255ar)2.704 E(g)-.1 E F0(mo)144 120 Q .807 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .507(ack through the history list, inserting the last w).15 F .507 (ord \(or the w)-.1 F .507(ord speci\214ed by the ar)-.1 F(gument)-.18 E -1.397(to the \214rst call\) of each line in turn.)144 132 R(An)6.396 E -3.896(yn)-.15 G 1.396(umeric ar)-3.896 F 1.396 -(gument supplied to these successi)-.18 F 1.696 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls) -.15 E .491(determines the direction to mo)144 144 R .791 -.15(ve t)-.15 -H .491(hrough the history).15 F 5.492(.A)-.65 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G -(ti).05 E .792 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .492 +1.396(to the \214rst call\) of each line in turn.)144 132 R(An)6.396 E +3.896(yn)-.15 G 1.396(umeric ar)-3.896 F 1.397 +(gument supplied to these successi)-.18 F 1.697 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls) +.15 E .492(determines the direction to mo)144 144 R .792 -.15(ve t)-.15 +H .492(hrough the history).15 F 5.491(.A)-.65 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G +(ti).05 E .791 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .491 (ument switches the direction).18 F .494 (through the history \(back or forw)144 156 R 2.994(ard\). The)-.1 F .494(history e)2.994 F .494(xpansion f)-.15 F .494 (acilities are used to e)-.1 F .494(xtract the last)-.15 F -.1(wo)144 168 S(rd, as if the "!$" history e).1 E(xpansion had been speci\214ed.) --.15 E F1(shell\255expand\255line \(M\255C\255e\))108 180 Q F0 .622 +-.15 E F1(shell\255expand\255line \(M\255C\255e\))108 180 Q F0 .623 (Expand the line as the shell does.)144 192 R .622 -(This performs alias and history e)5.622 F .623 +(This performs alias and history e)5.622 F .622 (xpansion as well as all of the)-.15 F(shell w)144 204 Q(ord e)-.1 E 2.5 (xpansions. See)-.15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)2.5 E(OR)-.162 E 2.25 (YE)-.315 G(XP)-2.25 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)2.25 E 2.5(wf)-.25 G (or a description of history e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 -(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 216 Q F0 .939 +(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 216 Q F0 .938 (Perform history e)144 228 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F (See)5.939 E F2(HIST)3.439 E(OR)-.162 E 3.189(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.189 E -(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.438(wf)-.25 G .938(or a descrip-) --3.438 F(tion of history e)144 240 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(magic\255space) -108 252 Q F0 1.626(Perform history e)144 264 R 1.626 -(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)6.627 E F2 -(HIST)4.127 E(OR)-.162 E 3.877(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.877 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0 +(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.439(wf)-.25 G .939(or a descrip-) +-3.439 F(tion of history e)144 240 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(magic\255space) +108 252 Q F0 1.627(Perform history e)144 264 R 1.627 +(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)6.626 E F2 +(HIST)4.126 E(OR)-.162 E 3.876(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.876 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0 (belo)144 276 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or a description of history e)-2.5 E -(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(alias\255expand\255line)108 288 Q F0 .395 -(Perform alias e)144 300 R .395(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F -(See)5.395 E F2(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .694 -.15(ve f)-.15 H -.394(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 312 Q F1 +(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(alias\255expand\255line)108 288 Q F0 .394 +(Perform alias e)144 300 R .394(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F +(See)5.395 E F2(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .695 -.15(ve f)-.15 H +.395(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 312 Q F1 (history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 324 Q F0 (Perform history and alias e)144 336 Q(xpansion on the current line.) -.15 E F1(insert\255last\255ar)108 348 Q(gument \(M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M) .833 G -1.667(\255_ \))-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 360 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for) -.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 -(operate\255and\255get\255next \(C\255o\))108 372 Q F0 .947 +(operate\255and\255get\255next \(C\255o\))108 372 Q F0 .948 (Accept the current line for e)144 384 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .948 -(cution and fetch the ne).15 F .948(xt line relati)-.15 F 1.248 -.15 -(ve t)-.25 H 3.448(ot).15 G .948(he current line from the)-3.448 F .73 -(history for editing.)144 396 R 3.23(An)5.73 G .73(umeric ar)-3.23 F +(cution and fetch the ne).15 F .948(xt line relati)-.15 F 1.247 -.15 +(ve t)-.25 H 3.447(ot).15 G .947(he current line from the)-3.447 F .729 +(history for editing.)144 396 R 3.229(An)5.729 G .729(umeric ar)-3.229 F .729 (gument, if supplied, speci\214es the history entry to use instead of) -.18 F(the current line.)144 408 Q F1 @@ -5748,32 +5751,32 @@ H .491(hrough the history).15 F 5.492(.A)-.65 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G (and)2.25 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(emacs)2.5 E F0(as the editor)2.5 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(Commands f)87 460.8 Q(or Changing T)-.25 E(ext)-.92 E F4(end\255of\255\214le)108 472.8 -Q F1(\(usually C\255d\))2.5 E F0 .799 +Q F1(\(usually C\255d\))2.5 E F0 .798 (The character indicating end-of-\214le as set, for e)144 484.8 R .799 -(xample, by)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(stty)3.299 E F0 5.799(.I)C 3.298 -(ft)-5.799 G .798(his character is read when)-3.298 F .592 +(xample, by)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(stty)3.299 E F0 5.799(.I)C 3.299 +(ft)-5.799 G .799(his character is read when)-3.299 F .592 (there are no characters on the line, and point is at the be)144 496.8 R -.593(ginning of the line, Readline interprets it)-.15 F +.592(ginning of the line, Readline interprets it)-.15 F (as the end of input and returns)144 508.8 Q F2(EOF)2.5 E F3(.)A F1 -(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 520.8 Q F0 .442 +(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 520.8 Q F0 .441 (Delete the character at point.)144 532.8 R .442 -(If this function is bound to the same character as the tty)5.442 F F1 -(EOF)2.941 E F0(char)2.941 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 544.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s) +(If this function is bound to the same character as the tty)5.441 F F1 +(EOF)2.942 E F0(char)2.942 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 544.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s) -2.5 E F1(C\255d)2.5 E F0(commonly is, see abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H (or the ef).15 E(fects.)-.25 E F1(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\)) -108 556.8 Q F0 .552(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 568.8 R +108 556.8 Q F0 .553(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 568.8 R 5.553(.W)-.55 G .553(hen gi)-5.553 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.053(nan).15 G .553 -(umeric ar)-3.053 F .553(gument, sa)-.18 F .853 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .553 -(he deleted te).15 F .553(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 580.8 Q F1 --.25(fo)108 592.8 S(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .474 -(Delete the character under the cursor)144 604.8 R 2.974(,u)-.4 G .474 -(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.974 F +(umeric ar)-3.053 F .552(gument, sa)-.18 F .852 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .552 +(he deleted te).15 F .552(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 580.8 Q F1 +-.25(fo)108 592.8 S(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .473 +(Delete the character under the cursor)144 604.8 R 2.973(,u)-.4 G .474 +(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.973 F (character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 616.8 Q F1 -(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 628.8 Q F0 .778(Add the ne)144 +(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 628.8 Q F0 .779(Add the ne)144 640.8 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279 (erbatim. This)-.15 F .779(is ho)3.279 F 3.279(wt)-.25 G 3.279(oi)-3.279 -G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.279 E F0 3.279 -(,f)C(or)-3.279 E -.15(ex)144 652.8 S(ample.).15 E F1 +G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.278 E F0 3.278 +(,f)C(or)-3.278 E -.15(ex)144 652.8 S(ample.).15 E F1 (tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 664.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 (Insert a tab character)144 676.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1 (self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 688.8 Q F0 @@ -5785,56 +5788,56 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))108 84 Q F0 .322 +SF(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))108 84 Q F0 .321 (Drag the character before point forw)144 96 R .321(ard o)-.1 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .321 -(ving point forw)-.15 F .321(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182 +-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .322 +(ving point forw)-.15 F .322(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182 (If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144 108 -R 3.683(oc)-.1 G 1.183(haracters before point.)-3.683 F(Ne)6.183 E -.05 +R 3.682(oc)-.1 G 1.182(haracters before point.)-3.682 F(Ne)6.182 E -.05 (ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ar)144 120 Q(guments ha)-.18 E .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.).25 E F1 -(transpose\255w)108 132 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .024(Drag the w)144 -144 R .024(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo) --.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.523(rt).15 G .023(hat w) --2.523 F .023(ord as well.)-.1 F .023(If point)5.023 F +(transpose\255w)108 132 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .023(Drag the w)144 +144 R .023(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo) +-.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.524(rt).15 G .024(hat w) +-2.524 F .024(ord as well.)-.1 F .024(If point)5.024 F (is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 156 Q 2.5 (ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 168 Q -(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.698(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 180 +(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.699(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 180 R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E 1.999 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.699 +-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.998 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.698 (ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 192 S(rd, b).1 E (ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 204 Q -(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 216 Q 1.648 -(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.648(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.148 -(ord. W)-.1 F 1.647(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.947 -.15 -(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.647(ument, lo).18 F 1.647(wercase the pre) +(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 216 Q 1.647 +(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.647(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.147 +(ord. W)-.1 F 1.648(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.948 -.15 +(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.648(ument, lo).18 F 1.648(wercase the pre) -.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 228 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 240 Q -(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 252 +(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.975(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 252 R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.975 +-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.974 (ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 264 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 276 -S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 288 S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15(ve)-.15 -G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.438 G .438(th an e).4 F .438 -(xplicit positi)-.15 F .737 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .437(umeric ar).15 F .437 -(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4 -(Wi)144 300 S .78(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 -.15 -(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781(gument, switches to insert mode.) --.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F(fects)-.25 E(only)144 312 Q F1 -(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi)4.395 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.395 -F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G -1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)4.394 G -(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.894(starts in insert)4.394 F 3.968(mode. In)144 -324 R -.15(ove)3.968 G 1.468(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1 -(self\255insert)3.969 E F0 1.469(replace the te)3.969 F 1.469 -(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .958(pushing the te)144 336 R .958 -(xt to the right.)-.15 F .957(Characters bound to)5.958 F F1 -(backward\255delete\255char)3.457 E F0 .957(replace the character)3.457 -F(before point with a space.)144 348 Q(By def)5 E -(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 364.8 Q -(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 376.8 Q F0(Kill the te)144 -388.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1 +S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 288 S .437(ggle o).8 F -.15(ve)-.15 +G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.437 G .437(th an e).4 F .437 +(xplicit positi)-.15 F .738 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .438(umeric ar).15 F .438 +(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4 +(Wi)144 300 S .781(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 +-.15(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781 +(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .78(This command af)5.781 F +(fects)-.25 E(only)144 312 Q F1(emacs)4.394 E F0(mode;)4.394 E F1(vi) +4.394 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.394 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 +F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G 1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)4.395 G(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.895 +(starts in insert)4.395 F 3.969(mode. In)144 324 R -.15(ove)3.969 G +1.469(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1(self\255insert)3.969 E +F0 1.468(replace the te)3.969 F 1.468(xt at point rather than)-.15 F +.957(pushing the te)144 336 R .957(xt to the right.)-.15 F .958 +(Characters bound to)5.957 F F1(backward\255delete\255char)3.458 E F0 +.958(replace the character)3.458 F(before point with a space.)144 348 Q +(By def)5 E(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 +364.8 Q(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 376.8 Q F0 +(Kill the te)144 388.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1 (backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 400.8 Q F0(Kill backw) 144 412.8 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1 (unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 424.8 Q F0(Kill backw)144 436.8 @@ -5842,32 +5845,32 @@ Q(ard from point to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E (The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt) -2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 448.8 Q F0 (Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144 -460.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 472.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728 -(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 484.8 R .729 -(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729 +460.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 472.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .729 +(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 484.8 R .728 +(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .728 (xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 496.8 S (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G (rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 508.8 Q (ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 520.8 Q(ord behind point.) -.1 E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 (backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 532.8 Q -(ord)-.1 E F0 .729(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 544.8 -R .728(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F -.728(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 556.8 S +(ord)-.1 E F0 .728(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 544.8 +R .729(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F +.729(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 556.8 S (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1(shell\255f)2.5 E (orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255backward\255kill\255w) 108 568.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 580.8 R 3.025 (ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025 (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255back-) 5.525 E(ward\255w)144 592.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 604.8 Q -(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 616.8 R .365 -(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .364(ord boundary)-.1 -F 5.364(.T)-.65 G .364(he killed te)-5.364 F .364(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15 -(ve)-.2 G 2.864(do).15 G 2.864(nt)-2.864 G(he)-2.864 E(kill-ring.)144 -628.8 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 640.8 Q F0 .166(Kill the w) +(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .364(Kill the w)144 616.8 R .364 +(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .365(ord boundary)-.1 +F 5.365(.T)-.65 G .365(he killed te)-5.365 F .365(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15 +(ve)-.2 G 2.865(do).15 G 2.865(nt)-2.865 G(he)-2.865 E(kill-ring.)144 +628.8 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 640.8 Q F0 .167(Kill the w) 144 652.8 R .166 (ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w) --.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 664.8 Q +-.1 F .166(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.166 E(killed te)144 664.8 Q (xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.) -2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 676.8 Q F0 (Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 688.8 Q F1(kill\255r)108 @@ -5883,14 +5886,14 @@ BP SF(copy\255r)108 84 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E F0(Cop)144 96 Q 2.5(yt) -.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E(gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1(copy\255backward\255w)108 108 Q(ord)-.1 E F0 -(Cop)144 120 Q 4.801(yt)-.1 G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301 +(Cop)144 120 Q 4.8(yt)-.1 G 2.3(he w)-4.8 F 2.3 (ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 -G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-) -4.8 E(ward\255w)144 132 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 144 Q -(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 156 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007 -(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)-.1 F 2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25 -F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008(.T)-.55 G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008 -(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G +G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.301(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 +(back-)4.801 E(ward\255w)144 132 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 144 +Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 156 Q 4.508(yt)-.1 G 2.008 +(he w)-4.508 F 2.008(ord follo)-.1 F 2.008(wing point to the kill b)-.25 +F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.007(.T)-.55 G 2.007(he w)-7.007 F 2.007 +(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25(fo)4.507 G -.37(r-).25 G (ward\255w)144 168 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(yank \(C\255y\))108 180 Q F0 -1 (Ya)144 192 S(nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E (fer at point.)-.25 E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 204 Q F0 @@ -5901,36 +5904,36 @@ F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 232.8 Q (gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .367 (Add this digit to the ar)144 256.8 R .367 (gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 2.867(wa)-.25 G -.18 -(rg)-2.867 G 2.867(ument. M\255\255).18 F .366(starts a ne)2.867 F -.05 +(rg)-2.867 G 2.867(ument. M\255\255).18 F .367(starts a ne)2.867 F -.05 (ga)-.15 G(-).05 E(ti)144 268.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G (ument.).18 E F1(uni)108 280.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 -E F0 .778(This is another w)144 292.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F -3.279(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .779 +E F0 .779(This is another w)144 292.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F +3.279(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .778 (wed by one or more digits,)-.25 F 1.376 (optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144 304.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144 316.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni) 3.67 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(ag)3.67 E 1.17 (ain ends the numeric ar)-.05 F 1.17(gument, b)-.18 F 1.17(ut is other) --.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 328.8 R .898 -(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.899 F .898 +-.2 F(-)-.2 E .898(wise ignored.)144 328.8 R .898 +(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.898 F .898 (wed by a character that is)-.25 F 1.23 (neither a digit nor minus sign, the ar)144 340.8 R 1.23 (gument count for the ne)-.18 F 1.23(xt command is multiplied by four) --.15 F(.)-.55 E .823(The ar)144 352.8 R .823 +-.15 F(.)-.55 E .822(The ar)144 352.8 R .822 (gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .823 -(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .822(es the ar)-.1 F +(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .823(es the ar)-.1 F (gument)-.18 E(count four)144 364.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)-2.5 E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E F1(Completing) 87 381.6 Q(complete \(T)108 393.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137 (Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 405.6 R 1.137 (xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137 -(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 417.6 Q .533(xt as a v) --.15 F .533(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .533(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with) --.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .532(xt be)-.15 F -.532(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.032 E F0 .532(\), hostname \(if the)B(te) -144 429.6 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701 -(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .702 +(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 417.6 Q .532(xt as a v) +-.15 F .532(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .532(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with) +-.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .533(xt be)-.15 F +.533(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.033 E F0 .533(\), hostname \(if the)B(te) +144 429.6 Q .702(xt be)-.15 F .702(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.202 E F0 .701 +(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .701 (If none of these pro-)5.701 F (duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 441.6 Q F1 (possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 453.6 Q F0 @@ -5938,19 +5941,19 @@ E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E F1(Completing) -.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 477.6 Q F0 .783 (Insert all completions of the te)144 489.6 R .783 (xt before point that w)-.15 F .783(ould ha)-.1 F 1.083 -.15(ve b)-.2 H -.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.282 E(pletions)144 -501.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 513.6 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144 -525.6 R F1(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628 +.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.283 E(pletions)144 +501.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 513.6 Q F0 .929(Similar to)144 +525.6 R F1(complete)3.429 E F0 3.429(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.629 F .929(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F -1.194(possible completions.)144 537.6 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.194(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.193 -(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .828 +1.193(possible completions.)144 537.6 R 1.193(Repeated e)6.193 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.193(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.194 +(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .829 (completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 549.6 R .828 (At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung)5.828 F .727 (\(subject to the setting of)144 561.6 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 3.227(\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F .727(xt is restored.)-.15 F .727(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227 -E F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.227 E F0 1.73 +E F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.228 E F0 1.73 (positions forw)144 573.6 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.03 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.73 (ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1 @@ -5966,7 +5969,7 @@ E(through the list.)144 585.6 Q(This command is intended to be bound to) F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 633.6 Q F0 .234 (Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 645.6 R .234(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char) -2.735 E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 657.6 R -.15 +2.734 E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 657.6 R -.15 (ve)-.2 G 2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1 (possible\255completions)2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425 (his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 669.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 @@ -5999,10 +6002,10 @@ SF(complete\255user)108 84 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0 (possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 204 Q F0 (List the possible completions of the te)144 216 Q (xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1 -(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 228 Q F0 .58 +(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 228 Q F0 .581 (Attempt completion on the te)144 240 R .581 -(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .581 -(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 252 R +(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .58 +(Command comple-)5.58 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 252 R .715(xt ag)-.15 F .715(ainst aliases, reserv)-.05 F .715(ed w)-.15 F .715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F (\214nally e)144 264 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G @@ -6010,14 +6013,14 @@ SF(complete\255user)108 84 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0 (possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 276 Q F0 (List the possible completions of the te)144 288 Q (xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1 -(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 300 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424 +(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 300 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .425 (Attempt completion on the te)144 312 R .425 -(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .425 +(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .424 (ainst lines from the history list)-.05 F (for possible completion matches.)144 324 Q F1(dab)108 336 Q(br)-.1 E --.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .611 +-.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .61 (Attempt menu completion on the te)144 348 R .611 -(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .61(xt ag)-.15 F .61 +(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .611(xt ag)-.15 F .611 (ainst lines from the his-)-.05 F (tory list for possible completion matches.)144 360 Q F1 (complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 372 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\ @@ -6033,26 +6036,26 @@ E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 424.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\)) (ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G (board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1 (call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 472.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5 -E F0(Re-e)144 484.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 -G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro app\ -ear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 496.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1 -(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 508.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E F0 -(Print the last k)144 520.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G +E F0(Re-e)144 484.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G .999(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey) +-.1 G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro\ + appear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 496.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 +E F1(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 508.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E +F0(Print the last k)144 520.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G (board macro de\214ned in a format suitable for the).15 E/F2 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1 (Miscellaneous)87 537.6 Q -.18(re)108 549.6 S.18 E -(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.776 -(Read in the contents of the)144 561.6 R F2(inputr)4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0 -1.777(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.277(yb)-.15 G 1.777 -(indings or v)-4.277 F 1.777(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144 -573.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 585.6 Q F0 3.249 +(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.777 +(Read in the contents of the)144 561.6 R F2(inputr)4.277 E(c)-.37 E F0 +1.776(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.276(yb)-.15 G 1.776 +(indings or v)-4.276 F 1.776(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144 +573.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 585.6 Q F0 3.248 (Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 597.6 R -5.748(sb)-.55 G 3.248(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.748 F F1 +5.749(sb)-.55 G 3.249(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.749 F F1 (bell\255style)144 609.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255lo)108 621.6 Q(wer)-.1 E (case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255A, M\255B, M\255)-.1 E F2(x)A F1 2.5(,.) -C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.738(If the meta\214ed character)144 633.6 R F2(x) -4.238 E F0 1.739 -(is uppercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)4.238 +C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.739(If the meta\214ed character)144 633.6 R F2(x) +4.239 E F0 1.739 +(is uppercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)4.239 F(meta\214ed lo)144 645.6 Q(wercase character)-.25 E 5(.T)-.55 G (he beha)-5 E(vior is unde\214ned if)-.2 E F2(x)2.5 E F0(is already lo) 2.5 E(wercase.)-.25 E F1(pr)108 657.6 Q(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0 @@ -6078,61 +6081,60 @@ SF(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 84 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 96 Q (Set the mark to the point.)144 120 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E (gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1 (exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 132 Q F0(Sw)144 -144 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283 +144 Q .283(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283 (The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G -2.783(dp).15 G .283(osition, and the old)-2.783 F(cursor position is sa) +2.782(dp).15 G .282(osition, and the old)-2.782 F(cursor position is sa) 144 156 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1 -(character\255sear)108 168 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144 180 S -.536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt) +(character\255sear)108 168 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.035(Ac)144 180 S +.535(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.035 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt) .15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535 -(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.535(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .835 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre) +(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.536(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05 +(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .836 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre) 144 192 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 204 Q -(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 216 S 1.043 -(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.543 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G +(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.544(Ac)144 216 S 1.044 +(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.544 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G 3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044 -(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.044(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E +(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.043(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G (count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 228 Q F1 -(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 240 Q F0 1.827 +(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 240 Q F0 1.826 (Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 252 R 2.126 -.15(ey s) --.1 H 1.826(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G -4.326(sl).15 G(ik)-4.326 E(e)-.1 E .79(Home and End.)144 264 R .791 -(Such sequences be)5.79 F .791 +-.1 H 1.827(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G +4.327(sl).15 G(ik)-4.327 E(e)-.1 E .791(Home and End.)144 264 R .791 +(Such sequences be)5.791 F .791 (gin with a Control Sequence Indicator \(CSI\), usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F -.332(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 276 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831 -(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .631 -.15(ve n) --.2 H 2.831(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.831 G .331(ect unless e).25 F(xplic-) +.331(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 276 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831 +(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .632 -.15(ve n) +-.2 H 2.832(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.832 G .332(ect unless e).25 F(xplic-) -.15 E .026(itly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting stra\ y characters into the editing b)144 288 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T) -.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 300 Q(ault, b)-.1 E (ut usually bound to ESC\255[.)-.2 E F1(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 -312 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 324 S .481(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481 -(gument, the v)-.18 F .481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1 -(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)2.981 G .48 -(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 336 Q .244 -(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .245(If a numeric ar)5.244 F .245 -(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if)-.18 F .322 +312 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 324 S .48(thout a numeric ar).4 F .48(gument, the v) +-.18 F .481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 +-.25(va)2.981 G .481(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 336 Q .245 +(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .245(If a numeric ar)5.245 F .244 +(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if)-.18 F .321 (the characters at the be)144 348 R .321 (ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.821(,t)C .321(he v)-2.821 F .321(alue is) --.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 360 R F1 -(comment\255begin)3.331 E F0 .832(are deleted from the be)3.331 F .832 -(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.469 +(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.822(,t)C .322(he v)-2.822 F .322(alue is) +-.25 F .832(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 360 R F1 +(comment\255begin)3.332 E F0 .831(are deleted from the be)3.332 F .831 +(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.468 (In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 372 R 1.468 -(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.468(The def)6.468 F 1.468(ault v)-.1 F -1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 384 Q F0 .839 -(causes this command to mak)3.339 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839 -(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .84(If a numeric ar)5.84 F +(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.469(The def)6.469 F 1.469(ault v)-.1 F +1.469(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.969 E(ment\255begin)144 384 Q F0 .84 +(causes this command to mak)3.34 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839 +(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .839(If a numeric ar)5.839 F (gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 396 Q -.15 (ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G (cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 408 Q -(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144 420 R .791 -(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .791 +(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .791(The w)144 420 R .791 +(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .792 (xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 432 R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214lenames for possib\ le completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 444 Q(ord \(C\255x *\)) --.1 E F0 .175(The w)144 456 R .176 +-.1 E F0 .176(The w)144 456 R .176 (ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .176 (xpansion, and the list of matching \214le-)-.15 F .516 (names is inserted, replacing the w)144 468 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016 @@ -6145,34 +6147,34 @@ le completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 444 Q(ord \(C\255x *\)) .872(the line is redra)144 516 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G .872(umeric ar)-3.372 F .872 (gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F -.15 -(ex)144 528 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 540 Q F0 .626 -(Print all of the functions and their k)144 552 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H -.627(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .627(If a numeric ar) -5.627 F(gu-)-.18 E +(ex)144 528 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 540 Q F0 .627 +(Print all of the functions and their k)144 552 R .927 -.15(ey b)-.1 H +.626(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .626(If a numeric ar) +5.626 F(gu-)-.18 E (ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 564 Q (ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr) 2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 576 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0 -1.8(Print all of the settable readline v)144 588 R 1.799 -(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.799(alues to the readline output stream.) --.25 F 1.799(If a)6.799 F .304(numeric ar)144 600 R .304 +1.799(Print all of the settable readline v)144 588 R 1.799 +(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.8(alues to the readline output stream.) +-.25 F 1.8(If a)6.8 F .305(numeric ar)144 600 R .304 (gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .304 (ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)144 612 Q(c)-.37 E F0 -(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 624 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .593 -(Print all of the readline k)144 636 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592 -(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.092(yo)-.15 G -3.092(utput. If)-3.092 F 3.092(an)3.092 G(umeric)-3.092 E(ar)144 648 Q +(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 624 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .592 +(Print all of the readline k)144 636 R .892 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592 +(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.093(yo)-.15 G +3.093(utput. If)-3.093 F 3.093(an)3.093 G(umeric)-3.093 E(ar)144 648 Q .528(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .528 -(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.028 E(c)-.37 E F0 +(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.027 E(c)-.37 E F0 (\214le.)144 660 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 672 Q (ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 684 Q (ersion information about the current instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 700.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .147(When w)108 +F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 700.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .146(When w)108 712.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147 (gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation \(a)-.18 F -F2(compspec)108 724.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329 -(as been de\214ned using the)-3.828 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu) +F2(compspec)108 724.8 Q F0 3.829(\)h)C 1.329 +(as been de\214ned using the)-3.829 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu) 3.829 G 1.329(iltin \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829 -F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.329(w\), the) +F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.328(w\), the) -.25 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(51)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 52 52 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -6181,134 +6183,134 @@ BP /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E (programmable completion f)108 84 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .498(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 -100.8 R .498(If the command w)5.498 F .497 -(ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .233(the be)108 +-.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .497(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 +100.8 R .497(If the command w)5.497 F .498 +(ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .234(the be)108 112.8 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233 (ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.733 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF2.733 E F0 .233(option to)2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F -.234(If a comp-)5.234 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, \ +.233(If a comp-)5.233 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, \ the compspec is used to generate the list of possible completions)108 -124.8 R .822(for the w)108 136.8 R 3.322(ord. If)-.1 F .822 -(the command w)3.322 F .823(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the \ -full pathname is searched for)-.1 F 2.867(\214rst. If)108 148.8 R .366(\ +124.8 R .823(for the w)108 136.8 R 3.323(ord. If)-.1 F .823 +(the command w)3.323 F .822(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the \ +full pathname is searched for)-.1 F 2.866(\214rst. If)108 148.8 R .367(\ no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to \214n\ -d a compspec for the portion)2.867 F(follo)108 160.8 Q .298 +d a compspec for the portion)2.866 F(follo)108 160.8 Q .299 (wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298 -(If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.298 F 2.799(yc)-.15 -G .299(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.799 F F12.799 E F0(option to) +(If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.299 F 2.798(yc)-.15 +G .298(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.798 F F12.798 E F0(option to) 108 172.8 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0(is used as the def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of\ matching w)108 189.6 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F 3.317(ac)3.317 G .817 (ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 201.6 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash) 2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 -E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .463 +E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .464 (First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 218.4 R -.464(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .464(ed by the w)-.15 F -.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 230.4 R .596 -(When the)5.596 F F13.096 E F0(or)3.095 E F13.095 E F0 .595 +.463(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .463(ed by the w)-.15 F +.463(ord being)-.1 F .595(completed are returned.)108 230.4 R .595 +(When the)5.595 F F13.095 E F0(or)3.095 E F13.095 E F0 .596 (option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F (shell v)108 242.4 Q(ariable)-.25 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 259.2 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G 1.584(ompletions speci\214ed by a pathname e)-4.084 F 1.584 (xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F14.084 E F0 1.584 (option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 271.2 S -.555(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .554 -(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.554 E F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.054 E F0 .554 -(shell v)2.804 F(ari-)-.25 E +.554(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .555 +(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.555 E F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.055 E F0 .555 +(shell v)2.805 F(ari-)-.25 E (able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 283.2 Q(ut the)-.2 E F2 -(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 300 Q .32 -(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .32(gument to the)-.18 F F1 -2.82 E F0 .321(option is considered.)2.821 F .321 -(The string is \214rst split using the)5.321 F .413(characters in the) -108 312 R F2(IFS)2.913 E F0 .412(special v)2.663 F .412 +(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 300 Q .321 +(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .321(gument to the)-.18 F +F12.821 E F0 .32(option is considered.)2.821 F .32 +(The string is \214rst split using the)5.32 F .412(characters in the)108 +312 R F2(IFS)2.912 E F0 .412(special v)2.662 F .412 (ariable as delimiters.)-.25 F .412(Shell quoting is honored.)5.412 F -.412(Each w)5.412 F .412(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .091 -(using brace e)108 324 R .091(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092 -(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .092 -(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.397(metic e)108 336 +.413(Each w)5.412 F .413(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .092 +(using brace e)108 324 R .092(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092 +(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .091 +(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.396(metic e)108 336 R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder) .15 E F2(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.396 (The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108 348 Q -.509 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.709 G .209(rd Splitting) -.75 F F0 5.209(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.209 F .209 -(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .21(ainst the w)-.05 F .21 +.51 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.71 G .21(rd Splitting).75 F +F0 5.21(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.21 F .209 +(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .209(ainst the w)-.05 F .209 (ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 360 Q -(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.238 -(After these matches ha)108 376.8 R 1.538 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.238 -(een generated, an).15 F 3.738(ys)-.15 G 1.237 -(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.738 F F13.737 E -F0(and)3.737 E F13.737 E F0 3.375(options is in)108 388.8 R -.2 +(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.237 +(After these matches ha)108 376.8 R 1.537 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.237 +(een generated, an).15 F 3.737(ys)-.15 G 1.238 +(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.737 F F13.738 E +F0(and)3.738 E F13.738 E F0 3.376(options is in)108 388.8 R -.2 (vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875(d. When).1 F 3.375 (the command or function is in)5.875 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.375 -(d, the).1 F F2(COMP_LINE)5.876 E F3(,)A F2(COMP_POINT)5.626 E F3(,)A F2 -(COMP_KEY)108 400.8 Q F3(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F2(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25 -(va)2.408 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157 -(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .157 -(Shell V)2.657 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.157(.I)C(f)-5.157 E 3.485(as)108 -412.8 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.485 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G +(d, the).1 F F2(COMP_LINE)5.875 E F3(,)A F2(COMP_POINT)5.625 E F3(,)A F2 +(COMP_KEY)108 400.8 Q F3(,)A F0(and)2.407 E F2(COMP_TYPE)2.657 E F0 -.25 +(va)2.407 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157 +(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .158 +(Shell V)2.658 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.158(.I)C(f)-5.158 E 3.486(as)108 +412.8 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.486 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .986(d, the).1 F F2(COMP_W)3.486 E(ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F2 (COMP_CW)3.486 E(ORD)-.09 E F0 -.25(va)3.236 G .986 -(riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.986 E .347 -(the function or command is in)108 424.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .347 -(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument \()-.18 F F1($1)A F0 2.846(\)i)C -2.846(st)-2.846 G .346(he name of the command whose ar)-2.846 F(guments) --.18 E .263(are being completed, the second ar)108 436.8 R .263 -(gument \()-.18 F F1($2)A F0 2.763(\)i)C 2.763(st)-2.763 G .264(he w) --2.763 F .264(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .264 -(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.764(\)i)C(s)-2.764 E .629(the w)108 448.8 -R .629(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .629 -(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .628 -(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .714(completions ag)108 460.8 R -.714(ainst the w)-.05 F .714(ord being completed is performed; the func\ +(riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.985 E .346 +(the function or command is in)108 424.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .346 +(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument \()-.18 F F1($1)A F0 2.847(\)i)C +2.847(st)-2.847 G .347(he name of the command whose ar)-2.847 F(guments) +-.18 E .264(are being completed, the second ar)108 436.8 R .264 +(gument \()-.18 F F1($2)A F0 2.764(\)i)C 2.764(st)-2.764 G .264(he w) +-2.764 F .263(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .263 +(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.763(\)i)C(s)-2.763 E .628(the w)108 448.8 +R .628(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .629 +(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .629 +(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .715(completions ag)108 460.8 R +.715(ainst the w)-.05 F .714(ord being completed is performed; the func\ tion or command has complete free-)-.1 F(dom in generating the matches.) -108 472.8 Q(An)108 489.6 Q 2.938(yf)-.15 G .437 -(unction speci\214ed with)-2.938 F F12.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F +108 472.8 Q(An)108 489.6 Q 2.937(yf)-.15 G .437 +(unction speci\214ed with)-2.937 F F12.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.937<648c>.1 G 2.937(rst. The)-2.937 F .437 (function may use an)2.937 F 2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437 -(he shell f)-2.937 F .437(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 501.6 Q F1 -(compgen)2.956 E F0 -.2(bu)2.956 G .456(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 --.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .457 +(he shell f)-2.937 F .438(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 501.6 Q F1 +(compgen)2.957 E F0 -.2(bu)2.957 G .457(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 +-.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .456 (It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F2(COMPREPL)108 513.6 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable, one per array element.)-.25 -E(Ne)108 530.4 Q .081(xt, an)-.15 F 2.581(yc)-.15 G .081 -(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.581 F F12.581 E F0 .081 -(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.581(di).1 G 2.58(na) --2.581 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G -.4(nv)-2.58 G .08(ironment equi).4 F -.25(va) --.25 G .08(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.858(stitution. It)108 542.4 R -.359(should print a list of completions, one per line, to the standard \ -output.)2.858 F .359(Backslash may be used)5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 -554.4 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .377 +E(Ne)108 530.4 Q .08(xt, an)-.15 F 2.58(yc)-.15 G .08 +(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.58 F F12.58 E F0 .081 +(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.581(di).1 G 2.581(na) +-2.581 G 2.581(ne)-2.581 G -.4(nv)-2.581 G .081(ironment equi).4 F -.25 +(va)-.25 G .081(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.859(stitution. It)108 542.4 +R .359(should print a list of completions, one per line, to the standar\ +d output.)2.859 F .358(Backslash may be used)5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 +554.4 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .376 (After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 571.2 R -2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F12.876 -E F0 .376(option is applied to the)2.876 F 3.181(list. The)108 583.2 R -.681(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.181 F .681 -(xpansion; a)-.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .682 -(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.182 F .682(xt of)-.15 F .523 -(the w)108 595.2 R .523(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.023(Al)5.523 G -(iteral)-3.023 E F1(&)3.023 E F0 .522 +2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F12.877 +E F0 .377(option is applied to the)2.877 F 3.182(list. The)108 583.2 R +.682(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.182 F .681 +(xpansion; a)-.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .681 +(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.181 F .681(xt of)-.15 F .522 +(the w)108 595.2 R .522(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.022(Al)5.522 G +(iteral)-3.022 E F1(&)3.022 E F0 .523 (may be escaped with a backslash; the backslash is remo)3.022 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 3.022(db).15 G(efore)-3.022 E .849(attempting a match.)108 607.2 -R(An)5.849 E 3.349(yc)-.15 G .849 -(ompletion that matches the pattern will be remo)-3.349 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.35(df).15 G .85(rom the list.)-3.35 F 3.35(Al)5.85 G(eading)-3.35 E F1 -(!)3.35 E F0(ne)108 619.2 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G .764 +-.15 G 3.023(db).15 G(efore)-3.023 E .85(attempting a match.)108 607.2 R +(An)5.85 E 3.35(yc)-.15 G .849 +(ompletion that matches the pattern will be remo)-3.35 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +3.349(df).15 G .849(rom the list.)-3.349 F 3.349(Al)5.849 G(eading) +-3.349 E F1(!)3.349 E F0(ne)108 619.2 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G .764 (tes the pattern; in this case an).05 F 3.264(yc)-.15 G .764 (ompletion not matching the pattern will be remo)-3.264 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.264(d. If).15 F(the)3.264 E F1(nocase-)3.264 E(match)108 631.2 Q F0 +3.264(d. If).15 F(the)3.265 E F1(nocase-)3.265 E(match)108 631.2 Q F0 (shell option is enabled, the match is performed without re)2.5 E -.05 (ga)-.15 G(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 E(Finally)108 -648 Q 3.086(,a)-.65 G .886 -.15(ny p)-3.086 H .586(re\214x and suf).15 F +648 Q 3.087(,a)-.65 G .887 -.15(ny p)-3.087 H .587(re\214x and suf).15 F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F13.087 E F0(and)3.087 E F1 3.087 E F0 .587(options are added to each member of the com-)3.087 F(pletion list, and the result is returned to the readline completion c\ -ode as the list of possible completions.)108 660 Q .247(If the pre)108 +ode as the list of possible completions.)108 660 Q .246(If the pre)108 676.8 R .247(viously-applied actions do not generate an)-.25 F 2.747(ym) -.15 G .247(atches, and the)-2.747 F F1 .247(\255o dir)2.747 F(names) --.15 E F0 .247(option w)2.747 F .246(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete) +-.15 E F0 .247(option w)2.747 F .247(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete) 108 688.8 Q F0(when the compspec w)2.5 E -(as de\214ned, directory name completion is attempted.)-.1 E .461 -(If the)108 705.6 R F1 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.961 F F0 .462(option w) +(as de\214ned, directory name completion is attempted.)-.1 E .462 +(If the)108 705.6 R F1 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.962 F F0 .462(option w) 2.962 F .462(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)2.962 E F0 .462 (when the compspec w)2.962 F .462(as de\214ned, directory name com-)-.1 F(pletion is attempted and an)108 717.6 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G @@ -6319,51 +6321,51 @@ F(pletion is attempted and an)108 717.6 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .56(By def)108 84 -R .56(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.06(ri) -.15 G 3.06(tg)-3.06 G .559 -(enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.06 F -.631(of possible completions.)108 96 R .631(The def)5.631 F(ault)-.1 E -/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)3.131 E F0 .631 -(completions are not attempted, and the readline def)3.131 F .632 -(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .559(name completion is disabled.)108 108 R .559 -(If the)5.559 F F1 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w)3.059 -F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.058 E F0 .558 -(when the compspec)3.058 F -.1(wa)108 120 S 3.171(sd).1 G .671 -(e\214ned, the)-3.171 F F1(bash)3.171 E F0(def)3.171 E .671 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .559(By def)108 84 +R .559(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.059 +(ri).15 G 3.059(tg)-3.059 G .56 +(enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.059 F +.632(of possible completions.)108 96 R .632(The def)5.632 F(ault)-.1 E +/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)3.132 E F0 .631 +(completions are not attempted, and the readline def)3.131 F .631 +(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .558(name completion is disabled.)108 108 R .558 +(If the)5.558 F F1 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w)3.059 +F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.059 E F0 .559 +(when the compspec)3.059 F -.1(wa)108 120 S 3.172(sd).1 G .672 +(e\214ned, the)-3.172 F F1(bash)3.172 E F0(def)3.172 E .671 (ault completions are attempted if the compspec generates no matches.) --.1 F .672(If the)5.672 F F13.172 E(default)108 132 Q F0 1.207 -(option w)3.707 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.707 E F0 +-.1 F .671(If the)5.671 F F13.171 E(default)108 132 Q F0 1.207 +(option w)3.706 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.707 E F0 1.207(when the compspec w)3.707 F 1.207(as de\214ned, readline')-.1 F -3.707(sd)-.55 G(ef)-3.707 E 1.206(ault completion)-.1 F +3.707(sd)-.55 G(ef)-3.707 E 1.207(ault completion)-.1 F (will be performed if the compspec \(and, if attempted, the def)108 144 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.)2.5 E .245(When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is desire\ -d, the programmable completion func-)108 160.8 R .633(tions force readl\ +d, the programmable completion func-)108 160.8 R .632(tions force readl\ ine to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic links to di\ -rectories, subject)108 172.8 R 2.761(to the v)108 184.8 R 2.761 -(alue of the)-.25 F F1(mark\255dir)5.261 E(ectories)-.18 E F0 2.761 -(readline v)5.261 F 2.761(ariable, re)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.762 -(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F1(mark-sym-)5.262 E(link)108 196.8 +rectories, subject)108 172.8 R 2.762(to the v)108 184.8 R 2.762 +(alue of the)-.25 F F1(mark\255dir)5.262 E(ectories)-.18 E F0 2.761 +(readline v)5.262 F 2.761(ariable, re)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.761 +(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F1(mark-sym-)5.261 E(link)108 196.8 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(readline v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E -.191(There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.)108 -213.6 R .19(This is most useful when used in combina-)5.191 F 1.172 +.19(There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.)108 +213.6 R .191(This is most useful when used in combina-)5.191 F 1.172 (tion with a def)108 225.6 R 1.172(ault completion speci\214ed with)-.1 F F1 1.172(complete \255D)3.672 F F0 6.172(.I)C(t')-6.172 E 3.672(sp) -.55 G 1.172(ossible for shell functions e)-3.672 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.172 (cuted as).15 F .93(completion handlers to indicate that completion sho\ uld be retried by returning an e)108 237.6 R .93(xit status of 124.)-.15 F .93(If a)5.93 F .1(shell function returns 124, and changes the compsp\ -ec associated with the command on which completion is)108 249.6 R .666 -(being attempted \(supplied as the \214rst ar)108 261.6 R .665 -(gument when the function is e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .665 -(cuted\), programmable completion).15 F .083(restarts from the be)108 +ec associated with the command on which completion is)108 249.6 R .665 +(being attempted \(supplied as the \214rst ar)108 261.6 R .666 +(gument when the function is e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .666 +(cuted\), programmable completion).15 F .084(restarts from the be)108 273.6 R .084(ginning, with an attempt to \214nd a ne)-.15 F 2.584(wc) --.25 G .084(ompspec for that command.)-2.584 F .084(This allo)5.084 F -.084(ws a set of)-.25 F(completions to be b)108 285.6 Q(uilt dynamicall\ +-.25 G .084(ompspec for that command.)-2.584 F .083(This allo)5.083 F +.083(ws a set of)-.25 F(completions to be b)108 285.6 Q(uilt dynamicall\ y as completion is attempted, rather than being loaded all at once.)-.2 -E -.15(Fo)108 302.4 S 2.637(ri).15 G .137 -(nstance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each k)-2.637 F +E -.15(Fo)108 302.4 S 2.636(ri).15 G .137 +(nstance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each k)-2.636 F .137(ept in a \214le corresponding to the name of)-.1 F (the command, the follo)108 314.4 Q(wing def)-.25 E (ault completion function w)-.1 E(ould load completions dynamically:)-.1 @@ -6372,78 +6374,78 @@ E/F2 10/Courier@0 SF(_completion_loader\(\))108 331.2 Q({)108 343.2 Q 6 (/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124)-6 E(})108 367.2 Q(complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default)108 379.2 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 408 Q(OR)-.197 E(Y)-.383 E F0 -.371(When the)108 420 R F1 .371(\255o history)2.871 F F0 .371 -(option to the)2.871 F F1(set)2.872 E F0 -.2(bu)2.872 G .372 -(iltin is enabled, the shell pro).2 F .372(vides access to the)-.15 F/F4 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF .372(command history)2.872 F F0(,)A .305 -(the list of commands pre)108 432 R .305(viously typed.)-.25 F .305 -(The v)5.305 F .304(alue of the)-.25 F/F5 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTSIZE) -2.804 E F0 -.25(va)2.554 G .304(riable is used as the number of com-).25 -F .429(mands to sa)108 444 R .729 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.929(nah).15 G .429 -(istory list.)-2.929 F .429(The te)5.429 F .429(xt of the last)-.15 F F5 -(HISTSIZE)2.93 E F0 .43(commands \(def)2.68 F .43(ault 500\) is sa)-.1 F --.15(ve)-.2 G 2.93(d. The).15 F(shell)2.93 E .287 +.372(When the)108 420 R F1 .372(\255o history)2.872 F F0 .372 +(option to the)2.872 F F1(set)2.872 E F0 -.2(bu)2.872 G .372 +(iltin is enabled, the shell pro).2 F .371(vides access to the)-.15 F/F4 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF .371(command history)2.871 F F0(,)A .304 +(the list of commands pre)108 432 R .304(viously typed.)-.25 F .304 +(The v)5.304 F .304(alue of the)-.25 F/F5 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTSIZE) +2.804 E F0 -.25(va)2.554 G .305(riable is used as the number of com-).25 +F .43(mands to sa)108 444 R .73 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.93(nah).15 G .43 +(istory list.)-2.93 F .43(The te)5.43 F .429(xt of the last)-.15 F F5 +(HISTSIZE)2.929 E F0 .429(commands \(def)2.679 F .429(ault 500\) is sa) +-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.929(d. The).15 F(shell)2.929 E .287 (stores each command in the history list prior to parameter and v)108 456 R .287(ariable e)-.25 F .287(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F5(EXP)2.787 E (ANSION)-.666 E F0(abo)2.537 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -.2(bu)108 468 S -4.065(ta).2 G 1.565(fter history e)-4.065 F 1.565 +4.066(ta).2 G 1.565(fter history e)-4.066 F 1.565 (xpansion is performed, subject to the v)-.15 F 1.565 (alues of the shell v)-.25 F(ariables)-.25 E F5(HISTIGNORE)4.065 E F0 -(and)3.816 E F5(HISTCONTR)108 480 Q(OL)-.27 E/F6 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A +(and)3.815 E F5(HISTCONTR)108 480 Q(OL)-.27 E/F6 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .082 (On startup, the history is initialized from the \214le named by the v) -108 496.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F5(HISTFILE)2.582 E F0(\(def)2.332 E(ault)-.1 -E F4(~/.bash_history)2.582 E F0(\).)A .315(The \214le named by the v)108 +108 496.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F5(HISTFILE)2.583 E F0(\(def)2.333 E(ault)-.1 +E F4(~/.bash_history)2.583 E F0(\).)A .315(The \214le named by the v)108 508.8 R .315(alue of)-.25 F F5(HISTFILE)2.815 E F0 .315 (is truncated, if necessary)2.565 F 2.815(,t)-.65 G 2.815(oc)-2.815 G -.315(ontain no more than the number of)-2.815 F .659 -(lines speci\214ed by the v)108 520.8 R .659(alue of)-.25 F F5 +.315(ontain no more than the number of)-2.815 F .658 +(lines speci\214ed by the v)108 520.8 R .658(alue of)-.25 F F5 (HISTFILESIZE)3.158 E F6(.)A F0(If)5.158 E F1(HISTFILESIZE)3.158 E F0 -.658(is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric)3.158 F -.25(va)108 532.8 S +.659(is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric)3.158 F -.25(va)108 532.8 S .142(lue, or a numeric v).25 F .142 (alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 F .142 -(When the history \214le is read, lines)5.142 F(be)108 544.8 Q 1.605 +(When the history \214le is read, lines)5.142 F(be)108 544.8 Q 1.604 (ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F 1.604 -(wed immediately by a digit are interpreted as time-)-.25 F .15 -(stamps for the follo)108 556.8 R .15(wing history line.)-.25 F .151 +(wed immediately by a digit are interpreted as time-)-.25 F .151 +(stamps for the follo)108 556.8 R .151(wing history line.)-.25 F .151 (These timestamps are optionally displayed depending on the v)5.151 F -.151(alue of)-.25 F(the)108 568.8 Q F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.559 E(T)-.855 E -F0 -.25(va)3.309 G 3.559(riable. When).25 F 3.559(as)3.559 G 1.059 +.15(alue of)-.25 F(the)108 568.8 Q F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.558 E(T)-.855 E F0 +-.25(va)3.309 G 3.559(riable. When).25 F 3.559(as)3.559 G 1.059 (hell with history enabled e)-3.559 F 1.059(xits, the last)-.15 F F5 -($HISTSIZE)3.559 E F0 1.058(lines are)3.309 F .158 -(copied from the history list to)108 580.8 R F5($HISTFILE)2.658 E F6(.)A -F0 .158(If the)4.658 F F1(histappend)2.658 E F0 .159 -(shell option is enabled \(see the description of)2.659 F F1(shopt)108 -592.8 Q F0(under)2.582 E F5 .082(SHELL B)2.582 F(UIL)-.09 E .082 +($HISTSIZE)3.559 E F0 1.059(lines are)3.309 F .159 +(copied from the history list to)108 580.8 R F5($HISTFILE)2.659 E F6(.)A +F0 .159(If the)4.659 F F1(histappend)2.658 E F0 .158 +(shell option is enabled \(see the description of)2.658 F F1(shopt)108 +592.8 Q F0(under)2.581 E F5 .081(SHELL B)2.581 F(UIL)-.09 E .081 (TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.332 E .082 (w\), the lines are appended to the history \214le, otherwise the)-.25 F -.196(history \214le is o)108 604.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(rwritten. If) -.15 F F5(HISTFILE)2.696 E F0 .197(is unset, or if the history \214le is\ - unwritable, the history is not sa)2.446 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(d.).15 E .584 -(If the)108 616.8 R F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.084 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.834 +.197(history \214le is o)108 604.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.697(rwritten. If) +.15 F F5(HISTFILE)2.697 E F0 .196(is unset, or if the history \214le is\ + unwritable, the history is not sa)2.447 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(d.).15 E .583 +(If the)108 616.8 R F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.083 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.834 G .584 (riable is set, time stamps are written to the history \214le, mark).25 -F .583(ed with the his-)-.1 F 1.147(tory comment character)108 628.8 R -3.647(,s)-.4 G 3.647(ot)-3.647 G(he)-3.647 E 3.647(ym)-.15 G 1.147 -(ay be preserv)-3.647 F 1.147(ed across shell sessions.)-.15 F 1.148 -(This uses the history comment)6.148 F 1.377 +F .584(ed with the his-)-.1 F 1.148(tory comment character)108 628.8 R +3.648(,s)-.4 G 3.648(ot)-3.648 G(he)-3.648 E 3.648(ym)-.15 G 1.147 +(ay be preserv)-3.648 F 1.147(ed across shell sessions.)-.15 F 1.147 +(This uses the history comment)6.147 F 1.376 (character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.)108 640.8 -R 1.377(After sa)6.377 F 1.377(ving the history)-.2 F 3.876(,t)-.65 G -1.376(he history \214le is)-3.876 F .756 +R 1.377(After sa)6.377 F 1.377(ving the history)-.2 F 3.877(,t)-.65 G +1.377(he history \214le is)-3.877 F .757 (truncated to contain no more than)108 652.8 R F5(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E F0 3.257(lines. If)3.007 F F5(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E F0 .757 (is unset, or set to null, a non-)3.007 F(numeric v)108 664.8 Q (alue, or a numeric v)-.25 E -(alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 E .299 -(The b)108 681.6 R .299(uiltin command)-.2 F F1(fc)2.799 E F0(\(see) -2.799 E F5 .299(SHELL B)2.799 F(UIL)-.09 E .299(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 -(belo)2.549 E .298(w\) may be used to list or edit and re-e)-.25 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E .471(cute a portion of the history list.)108 693.6 R -(The)5.471 E F1(history)2.971 E F0 -.2(bu)2.971 G .472 -(iltin may be used to display or modify the history list and).2 F .002 +(alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 E .298 +(The b)108 681.6 R .298(uiltin command)-.2 F F1(fc)2.798 E F0(\(see) +2.798 E F5 .298(SHELL B)2.798 F(UIL)-.09 E .298(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 +(belo)2.549 E .299(w\) may be used to list or edit and re-e)-.25 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E .472(cute a portion of the history list.)108 693.6 R +(The)5.472 E F1(history)2.972 E F0 -.2(bu)2.972 G .471 +(iltin may be used to display or modify the history list and).2 F .001 (manipulate the history \214le.)108 705.6 R .001 -(When using command-line editing, search commands are a)5.002 F -.25(va) --.2 G .001(ilable in each edit-).25 F(ing mode that pro)108 717.6 Q +(When using command-line editing, search commands are a)5.001 F -.25(va) +-.2 G .002(ilable in each edit-).25 F(ing mode that pro)108 717.6 Q (vide access to the history list.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q (2018 June 8)150.675 E(53)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 54 54 @@ -6451,121 +6453,121 @@ F0 3.257(lines. If)3.007 F F5(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E F0 .757 BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.485 -(The shell allo)108 84 R 1.485(ws control o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.986 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.486 +(The shell allo)108 84 R 1.486(ws control o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.986 (rw).15 G 1.486(hich commands are sa)-3.986 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.986(do).15 -G 3.986(nt)-3.986 G 1.486(he history list.)-3.986 F(The)6.486 E/F1 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTCONTR)3.986 E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.736 E F1 -(HISTIGNORE)108 96 Q F0 -.25(va)2.708 G .458 -(riables may be set to cause the shell to sa).25 F .757 -.15(ve o)-.2 H -.457(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.457 E/F2 10 +G 3.986(nt)-3.986 G 1.486(he history list.)-3.986 F(The)6.485 E/F1 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTCONTR)3.985 E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.735 E F1 +(HISTIGNORE)108 96 Q F0 -.25(va)2.707 G .457 +(riables may be set to cause the shell to sa).25 F .758 -.15(ve o)-.2 H +.458(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.458 E/F2 10 /Times-Bold@0 SF(cmdhist)108 108 Q F0 .75 (shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to sa)3.25 F 1.05 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .75(ach line of a multi-line command in).15 F 1.077 (the same history entry)108 120 R 3.577(,a)-.65 G 1.077 (dding semicolons where necessary to preserv)-3.577 F 3.577(es)-.15 G -1.077(yntactic correctness.)-3.577 F(The)6.077 E F2(lithist)3.576 E F0 -.373(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 132 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2 H -.374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .374 -(wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .374(See the)5.374 F .319 -(description of the)108 144 R F2(shopt)2.819 E F0 -.2(bu)2.819 G .318 +1.077(yntactic correctness.)-3.577 F(The)6.077 E F2(lithist)3.577 E F0 +.374(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 132 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2 H +.374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .373 +(wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .373(See the)5.373 F .318 +(description of the)108 144 R F2(shopt)2.818 E F0 -.2(bu)2.818 G .318 (iltin belo).2 F 2.818(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.818 E F1 .318(SHELL B)2.818 F -(UIL)-.09 E .318(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .318 +(UIL)-.09 E .318(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .319 (for information on setting and)2.568 F(unsetting shell options.)108 156 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 172.8 Q(OR)-.197 E 2.738(YE)-.383 G -(XP)-2.738 E(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .61(The shell supports a history e)108 +(XP)-2.738 E(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .611(The shell supports a history e)108 184.8 R .611(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15 F -.611(xpansion in)-.15 F F2(csh)3.111 E F0 5.611(.T)C .611(his section) --5.611 F .871(describes what syntax features are a)108 196.8 R -.25(va) --.2 G 3.371(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def)3.371 F -.87(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.17 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .87(hells, and).15 F -2.013(can be disabled using the)108 208.8 R F2(+H)4.514 E F0 2.014 +.61(xpansion in)-.15 F F2(csh)3.11 E F0 5.61(.T)C .61(his section)-5.61 +F .87(describes what syntax features are a)108 196.8 R -.25(va)-.2 G +3.371(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def)3.371 F .871 +(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.171 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .871(hells, and).15 F +2.014(can be disabled using the)108 208.8 R F2(+H)4.514 E F0 2.014 (option to the)4.514 F F2(set)4.514 E F0 -.2(bu)4.514 G 2.014 -(iltin command \(see).2 F F1 2.014(SHELL B)4.514 F(UIL)-.09 E 2.014 +(iltin command \(see).2 F F1 2.013(SHELL B)4.513 F(UIL)-.09 E 2.013 (TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)108 220.8 Q 2.5(w\). Non-interacti)-.25 F .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells do not perform history e).15 E -(xpansion by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E 1.306(History e)108 237.6 R 1.306 +(xpansion by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E 1.305(History e)108 237.6 R 1.305 (xpansions introduce w)-.15 F 1.306(ords from the history list into the\ - input stream, making it easy to repeat)-.1 F .209 -(commands, insert the ar)108 249.6 R .209(guments to a pre)-.18 F .21 + input stream, making it easy to repeat)-.1 F .21 +(commands, insert the ar)108 249.6 R .21(guments to a pre)-.18 F .209 (vious command into the current input line, or \214x errors in pre)-.25 -F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 261.6 Q(.)-.65 E 1.164(History e)108 +F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 261.6 Q(.)-.65 E 1.163(History e)108 278.4 R 1.163(xpansion is performed immediately after a complete line i\ -s read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 290.4 S .251 +s read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 290.4 S .252 (rds, and is performed on each line indi).1 F .251 -(vidually without taking quoting on pre)-.25 F .252 -(vious lines into account.)-.25 F(It)5.252 E(tak)108 302.4 Q .146 -(es place in tw)-.1 F 2.646(op)-.1 G 2.646(arts. 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The)-.1 F -.538(line is brok)3.038 F .538(en into w)-.1 F .539(ords in the same f) --.1 F .539(ashion as when reading)-.1 F .573(input, so that se)108 350.4 -R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F4(metac)3.073 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 +2.753 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.253(.V)C(arious)-6.363 E F4(modi\214er)2.754 E(s) +-.1 E F0 .254(are a)2.754 F -.25(va)-.2 G(il-).25 E .539 +(able to manipulate the selected w)108 338.4 R 3.039(ords. The)-.1 F +.538(line is brok)3.038 F .538(en into w)-.1 F .538(ords in the same f) +-.1 F .538(ashion as when reading)-.1 F .572(input, so that se)108 350.4 +R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F4(metac)3.072 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .572(-separated w)B .572(ords surrounded by quotes are considered one w) --.1 F 3.072(ord. His-)-.1 F .355(tory e)108 362.4 R .355 +-.1 F 3.073(ord. His-)-.1 F .356(tory e)108 362.4 R .355 (xpansions are introduced by the appearance of the history e)-.15 F .355 -(xpansion character)-.15 F 2.855(,w)-.4 G .356(hich is)-2.855 F F2(!) -3.689 E F0 .356(by def)3.689 F(ault.)-.1 E .791(Only backslash \()108 -374.4 R F2(\\).833 E F0 3.291(\)a).833 G .79 -(nd single quotes can quote the history e)-3.291 F .79 -(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.29(,b)-.4 G .79(ut the history e)-3.49 F +(xpansion character)-.15 F 2.855(,w)-.4 G .355(hich is)-2.855 F F2(!) +3.688 E F0 .355(by def)3.688 F(ault.)-.1 E .79(Only backslash \()108 +374.4 R F2(\\).833 E F0 3.29(\)a).833 G .79 +(nd single quotes can quote the history e)-3.29 F .79 +(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.291(,b)-.4 G .791(ut the history e)-3.491 F (xpansion)-.15 E .789(character is also treated as quoted if it immedia\ tely precedes the closing double quote in a double-quoted)108 386.4 R (string.)108 398.4 Q(Se)108 415.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .03 (ral characters inhibit history e).15 F .03 (xpansion if found immediately follo)-.15 F .03(wing the history e)-.25 F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 427.2 T -3.162(ni).25 G 3.162(fi)-3.162 G 3.162(ti)-3.162 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G +3.163(ni).25 G 3.163(fi)-3.163 G 3.162(ti)-3.163 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G .662(nquoted: space, tab, ne)-3.162 F .662(wline, carriage return, and) -.25 F F2(=)3.162 E F0 5.662(.I)C 3.162(ft)-5.662 G(he)-3.162 E F2 -(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F2(\()3.163 E +(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F2(\()3.162 E F0(will also inhibit e)108 439.2 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 456 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .11(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F2(shopt)2.61 E -F0 -.2(bu)2.61 G .109(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .109 -(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.142(If the)108 468 R F2 +(ve)-.25 G .109(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F2(shopt)2.609 +E F0 -.2(bu)2.609 G .11(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .11 +(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.143(If the)108 468 R F2 (histv)3.643 E(erify)-.1 E F0 1.143 (shell option is enabled \(see the description of the)3.643 F F2(shopt) 3.643 E F0 -.2(bu)3.643 G 1.143(iltin belo).2 F 1.143(w\), and)-.25 F F2 --.18(re)3.643 G(adline).18 E F0(is)3.643 E .461(being used, history sub\ -stitutions are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108 480 R 5.46 -(.I)-.55 G .46(nstead, the e)-5.46 F .46(xpanded line)-.15 F 1.515 -(is reloaded into the)108 492 R F2 -.18(re)4.015 G(adline).18 E F0 1.515 -(editing b)4.015 F(uf)-.2 E 1.516(fer for further modi\214cation.)-.25 F -(If)6.516 E F2 -.18(re)4.016 G(adline).18 E F0 1.516 -(is being used, and the)4.016 F F2(histr)108 504 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 1.202 +-.18(re)3.643 G(adline).18 E F0(is)3.642 E .461(being used, history sub\ +stitutions are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108 480 R +5.461(.I)-.55 G .461(nstead, the e)-5.461 F .461(xpanded line)-.15 F +1.516(is reloaded into the)108 492 R F2 -.18(re)4.016 G(adline).18 E F0 +1.516(editing b)4.016 F(uf)-.2 E 1.516(fer for further modi\214cation.) +-.25 F(If)6.516 E F2 -.18(re)4.015 G(adline).18 E F0 1.515 +(is being used, and the)4.015 F F2(histr)108 504 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 1.202 (shell option is enabled, a f)3.702 F 1.202 (ailed history substitution will be reloaded into the)-.1 F F2 -.18(re) 3.702 G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.702 E -.2(bu)108 516 S -.25(ff).2 G -1.16(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.16 E F23.66 E F0 1.16 -(option to the)3.66 F F2(history)3.66 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.161 +1.161(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.161 E F23.661 E F0 1.161 +(option to the)3.661 F F2(history)3.661 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.16 (iltin command may be used to see what a history).2 F -.15(ex)108 528 S -.056(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.056 E F22.556 E -F0 .056(option to the)2.556 F F2(history)2.555 E F0 -.2(bu)2.555 G .055 +.055(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.055 E F22.555 E +F0 .055(option to the)2.555 F F2(history)2.556 E F0 -.2(bu)2.556 G .056 (iltin may be used to add commands to the).2 F (end of the history list without actually e)108 540 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cuting them, so that the).15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re a)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.2 G (ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E 2.2(The shell allo)108 556.8 R 2.2 (ws control of the v)-.25 F 2.2(arious characters used by the history e) --.25 F 2.2(xpansion mechanism \(see the)-.15 F 1.147(description of)108 -568.8 R F2(histchars)3.647 E F0(abo)3.647 E 1.447 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder) -.15 E F2 1.147(Shell V)3.647 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 3.646(\). The)B 1.146 +-.25 F 2.2(xpansion mechanism \(see the)-.15 F 1.146(description of)108 +568.8 R F2(histchars)3.646 E F0(abo)3.646 E 1.446 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder) +.15 E F2 1.146(Shell V)3.646 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 3.646(\). The)B 1.147 (shell uses the history comment character to)3.646 F (mark history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 580.8 Q F2 -(Ev)87 597.6 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .204(An e)108 609.6 R -.15(ve) +(Ev)87 597.6 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .205(An e)108 609.6 R -.15(ve) -.25 G .204(nt designator is a reference to a command line entry in the\ - history list.).15 F .205(Unless the reference is abso-)5.204 F(lute, e) + history list.).15 F .204(Unless the reference is abso-)5.204 F(lute, e) 108 621.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nts are relati).15 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.5 (ot).15 G(he current position in the history list.)-2.5 E F2(!)108 638.4 -Q F0 1.608(Start a history substitution, e)144 638.4 R 1.608 +Q F0 1.607(Start a history substitution, e)144 638.4 R 1.607 (xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F2(blank)4.107 E F0 4.107 -(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.607(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F +(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.608(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F (\(when the)144 650.4 Q F2(extglob)2.5 E F0 (shell option is enabled using the)2.5 E F2(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltin\).).2 E F2(!)108 662.4 Q F4(n)A F0(Refer to command line)144 @@ -6589,42 +6591,42 @@ ry list containing)144 96 R F2(string)144 108 Q F0 5(.T).22 G (he trailing)-5 E F1(?)2.5 E F0(may be omitted if)2.5 E F2(string)2.84 E F0(is follo)2.72 E(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 E(wline.)-.25 E/F3 12 /Times-Bold@0 SF(^)108 125 Q F2(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F3 -(^)5 I F0 .783(Quick substitution.)144 132 R .783(Repeat the pre)5.783 F -.784(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F2(string1)3.624 E F0(with)3.284 E -F2(string2)3.284 E F0 5.784(.E).02 G(qui)-5.784 E -.25(va)-.25 G .784 +(^)5 I F0 .784(Quick substitution.)144 132 R .784(Repeat the pre)5.784 F +.784(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F2(string1)3.624 E F0(with)3.283 E +F2(string2)3.283 E F0 5.783(.E).02 G(qui)-5.783 E -.25(va)-.25 G .783 (lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 144 S(!!:s/).74 E F2(string1)A F0(/)A F2 (string2)A F0(/')A 2.5('\()-.74 G(see)-2.5 E F1(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0 (belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(!#)108 156 Q F0 (The entire command line typed so f)144 156 Q(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1 -.75 -(Wo)87 172.8 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 184.8 S 1.314 +(Wo)87 172.8 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 184.8 S 1.313 (rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314(ords from the e) --.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F1(:)3.814 E F0 1.313 -(separates the e)3.813 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.313(nt speci\214cation).15 F -.529(from the w)108 196.8 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G +-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F1(:)3.814 E F0 1.314 +(separates the e)3.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.314(nt speci\214cation).15 F +.53(from the w)108 196.8 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G 3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529 (ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F1(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F1 ($)3.029 E F0(,)A F1(*)3.029 E F0(,)A F13.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r) --3.029 E F1(%)3.029 E F0 5.53(.W)C(ords)-6.33 E 1.301 -(are numbered from the be)108 208.8 R 1.301 -(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.3 -(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.3 G 1.3(rds are).8 F -(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 220.8 Q +-3.029 E F1(%)3.029 E F0 5.529(.W)C(ords)-6.329 E 1.3 +(are numbered from the be)108 208.8 R 1.3 +(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.301 +(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.301 G 1.301(rds are).8 +F(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 220.8 Q F1 2.5(0\()108 237.6 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 249.6 Q 2.5(ord. F)-.1 F(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E F2(n)108.36 261.6 Q F0(The)144 261.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E F1(^)108 273.6 Q F0(The \214rst ar)144 273.6 Q 2.5(gument. That)-.18 F -(is, w)2.5 E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 285.6 Q F0 .063(The last w)144 285.6 -R 2.563(ord. This)-.1 F .063(is usually the last ar)2.563 F .064 +(is, w)2.5 E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 285.6 Q F0 .064(The last w)144 285.6 +R 2.564(ord. This)-.1 F .064(is usually the last ar)2.564 F .064 (gument, b)-.18 F .064(ut will e)-.2 F .064(xpand to the zeroth w)-.15 F -.064(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 297.6 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E +.063(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 297.6 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E F1(%)108 309.6 Q F0(The w)144 309.6 Q(ord matched by the most recent `?) -.1 E F2(string)A F0(?' search.)A F2(x)108.77 321.6 Q F1A F2(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)144 321.6 S(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C (bbre)-2.5 E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)108 333.6 Q F0 -.316(All of the w)144 333.6 R .316(ords b)-.1 F .316(ut the zeroth.)-.2 +.315(All of the w)144 333.6 R .315(ords b)-.1 F .315(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815 -('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F1(*)2.815 E F0 .315 -(if there is)2.815 F(just one w)144 345.6 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve) +('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F1(*)2.816 E F0 .316 +(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 345.6 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve) -.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 E F1(x*)108 357.6 Q F0(Abbre)144 357.6 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 <78ad>108 369.6 Q F0(Abbre)144 369.6 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0 @@ -6632,9 +6634,9 @@ F .315(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815 (ord.)-.1 E(If a w)108 386.4 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e) -.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E (vious command is used as the e)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1 -(Modi\214ers)87 403.2 Q F0 .183(After the optional w)108 415.2 R .183 -(ord designator)-.1 F 2.683(,t)-.4 G .184 -(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.683 F .184 +(Modi\214ers)87 403.2 Q F0 .184(After the optional w)108 415.2 R .184 +(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4 G .183 +(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F .183 (wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 427.2 Q F1(h)108 444 Q F0(Remo)144 444 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H (railing \214lename component, lea).15 E(ving only the head.)-.2 E F1(t) @@ -6651,51 +6653,51 @@ E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 504 Q F0 (Quote the substituted w)144 516 Q(ords as with)-.1 E F1(q)2.5 E F0 2.5 (,b)C(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks)2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 528 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A -F0(Substitute)144 540 Q F2(ne)3.082 E(w)-.15 E F0 .221 -(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.032 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221(in the e) +F0(Substitute)144 540 Q F2(ne)3.081 E(w)-.15 E F0 .221 +(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.031 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221(in the e) 3.491 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .221(nt line.).15 F(An)5.221 E 2.721(yd)-.15 G -.221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .616(of /.)144 552 R .617 +.221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .617(of /.)144 552 R .617 (The \214nal delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e) -5.616 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .617(The delimiter may)5.617 +5.617 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .616(The delimiter may)5.616 F .666(be quoted in)144 564 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne)3.526 E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666 (If & appears in)5.666 F F2(ne)3.166 E(w)-.15 E F0 3.166(,i).31 G 3.166 (ti)-3.166 G 3.166(sr)-3.166 G .666(eplaced by)-3.166 F F2(old)3.166 E -F0 5.666(.A).77 G .274(single backslash will quote the &.)144 576 R(If) -5.274 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544 F F2 -(old)3.005 E F0 .275(substituted, or)3.545 F 2.775(,i)-.4 G 2.775(fn) --2.775 G 2.775(op)-2.775 G(re)-2.775 E(vi-)-.25 E +F0 5.666(.A).77 G .275(single backslash will quote the &.)144 576 R(If) +5.275 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544 F F2 +(old)3.004 E F0 .274(substituted, or)3.544 F 2.774(,i)-.4 G 2.774(fn) +-2.774 G 2.774(op)-2.774 G(re)-2.774 E(vi-)-.25 E (ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 588 Q F2(string)2.84 E F0(in a)2.72 E F1(!?)2.5 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0(search.)5 E F1(&) 108 600 Q F0(Repeat the pre)144 600 Q(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1(g) -108 612 Q F0 .398(Cause changes to be applied o)144 612 R -.15(ve)-.15 G -2.898(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.898 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.) -.15 F .397(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.897 -('\()C(e.g.,)-2.897 E(`)144 624 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w) --.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.218('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.718('. If)B 1.218 -(used with `)3.718 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.219 -(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .09 +108 612 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)144 612 R -.15(ve)-.15 G +2.897(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.) +.15 F .398(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.898 +('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 624 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w) +-.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.219('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.719('. If)B 1.219 +(used with `)3.719 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.218 +(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .089 (delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 636 R --.15(ve)-.25 G .089(nt line.).15 F(An)5.089 E F1(a)2.589 E F0 .089 -(may be used as a synon)2.589 F .089(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 648 Q F0(.)A +-.15(ve)-.25 G .09(nt line.).15 F(An)5.09 E F1(a)2.59 E F0 .09 +(may be used as a synon)2.59 F .09(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 648 Q F0(.)A F1(G)108 660 Q F0(Apply the follo)144 660 Q(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5 ('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G (nt line.).15 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 676.8 Q(UIL)-.11 E -(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 688.8 +(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 688.8 R .062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options p\ receded by)-.2 F F1108 700.8 Q F0(accepts)3.077 E F13.077 E F0 .577(to signify the end of the options.)3.077 F(The)5.577 E F1(:)3.077 E F0(,)A F1(true)3.077 E F0(,)A F1(false)3.077 E F0 3.077(,a)C(nd)-3.077 E F1(test)3.077 E F0(/)A F1([)A F0 -.2(bu)3.077 G .577 -(iltins do not accept options).2 F .461(and do not treat)108 712.8 R F1 +(iltins do not accept options).2 F .462(and do not treat)108 712.8 R F1 2.961 E F0(specially)2.961 E 5.461(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.461 E F1(exit) 2.961 E F0(,)A F1(logout)2.961 E F0(,)A F1 -.18(re)2.961 G(tur).18 E(n) -.15 E F0(,)A F1(br)2.961 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F1(continue)2.961 E F0(,)A F1(let)2.961 E F0 2.961(,a)C(nd)-2.961 E F1(shift)2.961 E F0 -.2(bu) -2.962 G .462(iltins accept and).2 F .261(process ar)108 724.8 R .261 -(guments be)-.18 F .261(ginning with)-.15 F F12.761 E F0 .261 -(without requiring)2.761 F F12.761 E F0 5.261(.O)C .261(ther b) --5.261 F .26(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .26(guments b)-.18 F .26 +2.961 G .461(iltins accept and).2 F .26(process ar)108 724.8 R .26 +(guments be)-.18 F .26(ginning with)-.15 F F12.76 E F0 .261 +(without requiring)2.76 F F12.761 E F0 5.261(.O)C .261(ther b) +-5.261 F .261(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .261(guments b)-.18 F .261 (ut are not)-.2 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(55)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 56 56 @@ -6709,10 +6711,10 @@ BP 3.654 E F0 1.154(as in)3.654 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.154 (lid options and require).25 F F13.654 E F0(to)3.654 E(pre)108 96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this interpretation.).15 E F1(:)108 114 Q F0([)2.5 E -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .452(No ef)144 126 R -.452(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F -(xpanding)-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .451(and performing an) -3.221 F 2.951(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.951 E 2.5(redirections. The)144 +/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 126 R +.451(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F +(xpanding)-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an) +3.222 F 2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. The)144 138 R(return status is zero.)2.5 E F1(.)110.5 154.8 Q F2(\214lename) 6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F1(sour)108 166.8 Q(ce) -.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02 @@ -6725,67 +6727,67 @@ Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this interpretation.).15 E F1(:)108 114 Q F0([)2.5 E .608(names in)144 202.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .608(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F2 (\214lename)3.108 E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in) --5.608 F F3 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .833(need not be e)144 214.8 -R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.333(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.333 E F0 .832 -(is not in)3.333 F F2 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .832 -(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .981 +-5.608 F F3 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 214.8 +R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.332 E F0 .832 +(is not in)3.332 F F2 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833 +(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982 (\214le is found in)144 226.8 R F3 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F4 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F1(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18 E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F1(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 -(iltin command is turned of).2 F .982(f, the)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)144 -238.8 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.363 F .112(If an)5.112 F +(iltin command is turned of).2 F .981(f, the)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)144 +238.8 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F (y)-.15 E F2(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F 2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F2 -(\214lename)144 250.8 Q F0 1.697(is e)4.196 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.197 +(\214lename)144 250.8 Q F0 1.697(is e)4.197 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.197 (cuted. Otherwise).15 F 1.697(the positional parameters are unchanged.) -4.197 F 1.697(If the)6.697 F F14.197 E F0 1.697(option is)4.197 F -(enabled,)144 262.8 Q F1(sour)3.618 E(ce)-.18 E F0 1.118(inherits an) -3.618 F 3.618(yt)-.15 G 1.118(rap on)-3.618 F F1(DEB)3.618 E(UG)-.1 E F0 +4.197 F 1.697(If the)6.697 F F14.197 E F0 1.696(option is)4.197 F +(enabled,)144 262.8 Q F1(sour)3.617 E(ce)-.18 E F0 1.117(inherits an) +3.617 F 3.617(yt)-.15 G 1.117(rap on)-3.617 F F1(DEB)3.617 E(UG)-.1 E F0 3.618(;i)C 3.618(fi)-3.618 G 3.618(ti)-3.618 G 3.618(sn)-3.618 G 1.118 -(ot, an)-3.618 F(y)-.15 E F1(DEB)3.617 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.117 -(trap string is sa)3.617 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.617(da).15 G(nd)-3.617 E .36 +(ot, an)-3.618 F(y)-.15 E F1(DEB)3.618 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.118 +(trap string is sa)3.618 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.618(da).15 G(nd)-3.618 E .36 (restored around the call to)144 274.8 R F1(sour)2.86 E(ce)-.18 E F0 2.86(,a)C(nd)-2.86 E F1(sour)2.86 E(ce)-.18 E F0 .36(unsets the)2.86 F F1(DEB)2.86 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .36(trap while it e)2.86 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.86 (cutes. If).15 F F12.86 E F0(is)2.86 E 1.435 (not set, and the sourced \214le changes the)144 286.8 R F1(DEB)3.935 E (UG)-.1 E F0 1.435(trap, the ne)3.935 F 3.935(wv)-.25 G 1.435 -(alue is retained when)-4.185 F F1(sour)3.935 E(ce)-.18 E F0 3.762 +(alue is retained when)-4.185 F F1(sour)3.935 E(ce)-.18 E F0 3.763 (completes. The)144 298.8 R 1.262 -(return status is the status of the last command e)3.762 F 1.263 +(return status is the status of the last command e)3.763 F 1.262 (xited within the script \(0 if no)-.15 F(commands are e)144 310.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted\), and f).15 E(alse if)-.1 E F2(\214lename)4.41 E F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F1(alias)108 327.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 339.6 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724 +(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 339.6 Q F0 2.724(with no ar)5.224 F 2.724 (guments or with the)-.18 F F15.224 E F0 2.724 -(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F1(alias)5.224 E +(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F1(alias)5.225 E F2(name)144 351.6 Q F0(=)A F2(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F .58(When ar)5.58 F .58 (guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F2(name) -3.08 E F0(whose)144 363.6 Q F2(value)2.509 E F0 .009(is gi)2.509 F -.15 +3.08 E F0(whose)144 363.6 Q F2(value)2.508 E F0 .009(is gi)2.508 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.509(n. A).15 F .009(trailing space in)2.509 F F2(value) 2.509 E F0 .009(causes the ne)2.509 F .009(xt w)-.15 F .009 -(ord to be check)-.1 F .008(ed for alias substi-)-.1 F .579 +(ord to be check)-.1 F .009(ed for alias substi-)-.1 F .579 (tution when the alias is e)144 375.6 R 3.079(xpanded. F)-.15 F .579 (or each)-.15 F F2(name)3.079 E F0 .579(in the ar)3.079 F .579 -(gument list for which no)-.18 F F2(value)3.079 E F0 .579(is sup-)3.079 -F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 387.6 R 1.314 +(gument list for which no)-.18 F F2(value)3.079 E F0 .578(is sup-)3.078 +F 1.313(plied, the name and v)144 387.6 R 1.314 (alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F1(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314 -(returns true unless a)3.814 F F2(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.813(nf).15 G(or)-3.813 E +(returns true unless a)3.814 F F2(name)3.814 E F0 1.314(is gi)3.814 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nf).15 G(or)-3.814 E (which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 399.6 Q F1(bg)108 416.4 Q F0([) -2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .744(Resume each suspended job)144 -428.4 R F2(jobspec)3.244 E F0 .745 -(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.244 F F1(&)3.245 E -F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F2(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 440.4 Q F0 .672 -(is not present, the shell')3.482 F 3.172(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the) --3.172 F F2(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F1 -(bg)5.671 E F2(jobspec)4.911 E F0 .671(returns 0 unless run)3.481 F .418 +2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .745(Resume each suspended job)144 +428.4 R F2(jobspec)3.245 E F0 .745 +(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.245 F F1(&)3.244 E +F0 5.744(.I)C(f)-5.744 E F2(job-)4.984 E(spec)144 440.4 Q F0 .671 +(is not present, the shell')3.481 F 3.171(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the) +-3.171 F F2(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F1 +(bg)5.672 E F2(jobspec)4.912 E F0 .672(returns 0 unless run)3.482 F .419 (when job control is disabled or)144 452.4 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419 -(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.919(ys)-.15 G -(peci\214ed)-2.919 E F2(jobspec)2.919 E F0 -.1(wa)2.919 G 2.919(sn).1 G -(ot)-2.919 E(found or w)144 464.4 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 +(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.918(ys)-.15 G +(peci\214ed)-2.918 E F2(jobspec)2.918 E F0 -.1(wa)2.918 G 2.918(sn).1 G +(ot)-2.918 E(found or w)144 464.4 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 E F1(bind)108 481.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lpsvPSVX)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(bind)108 493.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2 @@ -6798,28 +6800,28 @@ G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F12.5 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2 2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2 (function\255name)A F1(bind)108 541.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2 -.1(ke) 2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2 -.37(re)C -(adline\255command).37 E F0 .239(Display current)144 553.2 R F1 -.18(re) -2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.739 G 2.739(ya)-.05 G .239 -(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.739 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .238 -(equence to a).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 .238(function or) -2.738 F .475(macro, or set a)144 565.2 R F1 -.18(re)2.975 G(adline).18 E -F0 -.25(va)2.975 G 2.975(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F -.476(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .476(ould appear in)-.1 F F2 -(.inputr)144 577.2 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.984(,b).31 G .484 -(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.184 F -.483(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5 +(adline\255command).37 E F0 .238(Display current)144 553.2 R F1 -.18(re) +2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.738 G 2.738(ya)-.05 G .239 +(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.738 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .239 +(equence to a).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 .239(function or) +2.739 F .476(macro, or set a)144 565.2 R F1 -.18(re)2.976 G(adline).18 E +F0 -.25(va)2.976 G 2.976(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F +.475(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .475(ould appear in)-.1 F F2 +(.inputr)144 577.2 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.983(,b).31 G .484 +(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.183 F +.484(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5 (re\255read\255init\255\214le'. Options,)144 589.2 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 -601.2 Q F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 613.2 Q F2 -.1(ke)5.158 G -(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.658(as the k)5.348 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af) -.15 F 2.659(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.659 E -F2 -.1(ke)180 625.2 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.193(names are)5.883 F F2 3.193 -(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.693 F 3.192 +601.2 Q F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 613.2 Q F2 -.1(ke)5.159 G +(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.659(as the k)5.349 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af) +.15 F 2.658(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.658 E +F2 -.1(ke)180 625.2 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.192(names are)5.882 F F2 3.192 +(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.692 F 3.193 (d, emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255mo)-.37 F(ve)-.1 E(,)-.1 E -(vi\255command)180 637.2 Q F0 4.113(,a)C(nd)-4.113 E F2(vi\255insert) -4.113 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)6.613 E F0 1.613(is equi)4.113 F -.25(va)-.25 G +(vi\255command)180 637.2 Q F0 4.114(,a)C(nd)-4.114 E F2(vi\255insert) +4.114 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)6.614 E F0 1.613(is equi)4.114 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.613(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command)4.113 E F0(\()4.113 E F2(vi\255mo)A -(ve)-.1 E F0 1.614(is also a syn-)4.114 F(on)180 649.2 Q(ym\);)-.15 E F2 +(ve)-.1 E F0 1.613(is also a syn-)4.113 F(on)180 649.2 Q(ym\);)-.15 E F2 (emacs)2.5 E F0(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F2 (emacs\255standar)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1144 661.2 Q F0 (List the names of all)180 661.2 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 @@ -6859,108 +6861,108 @@ F0(.)A F1144 216 Q F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F1(:)A F2 (shell\255command)A F0(Cause)180 228 Q F2(shell\255command)4.325 E F0 1.825(to be e)4.325 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.825(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve) -.25 G(r).15 E F2 -.1(ke)4.325 G(yseq)-.2 E F0 1.825(is entered.)4.325 F -(When)6.825 E F2(shell\255com-)4.325 E(mand)180 240 Q F0 1.765(is e) -4.265 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.765(cuted, the shell sets the).15 F/F3 9 +(When)6.825 E F2(shell\255com-)4.325 E(mand)180 240 Q F0 1.764(is e) +4.264 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.765(cuted, the shell sets the).15 F/F3 9 /Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE_LINE)4.265 E F0 -.25(va)4.015 G 1.765 (riable to the contents of the).25 F F1 -.18(re)180 252 S(adline).18 E -F0 1.353(line b)3.852 F(uf)-.2 E 1.353(fer and the)-.25 F F3 +F0 1.353(line b)3.853 F(uf)-.2 E 1.353(fer and the)-.25 F F3 (READLINE_POINT)3.853 E F0 -.25(va)3.603 G 1.353 -(riable to the current location of the).25 F 2.012(insertion point.)180 -264 R 2.011(If the e)7.012 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.011 +(riable to the current location of the).25 F 2.011(insertion point.)180 +264 R 2.011(If the e)7.011 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.011 (cuted command changes the v).15 F 2.011(alue of)-.25 F F3 -(READLINE_LINE)4.511 E F0(or)4.261 E F3(READLINE_POINT)180 276 Q/F4 9 +(READLINE_LINE)4.512 E F0(or)4.262 E F3(READLINE_POINT)180 276 Q/F4 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0(those ne)2.25 E 2.5(wv)-.25 G (alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E F1144 288 -Q F0 .829(List all k)180 288 R 1.129 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .829 +Q F0 .83(List all k)180 288 R 1.13 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .829 (equences bound to shell commands and the associated commands in a for) .15 F(-)-.2 E(mat that can be reused as input.)180 300 Q(The return v) 144 316.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(no).15 G 2.5(ra)-2.5 G 2.5(ne)-2.5 G(rror occurred.)-2.5 -E F1(br)108 333.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .055 -(Exit from within a)144 345.6 R F1 -.25(fo)2.555 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1 -(while)2.555 E F0(,)A F1(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F1 +E F1(br)108 333.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .054 +(Exit from within a)144 345.6 R F1 -.25(fo)2.554 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1 +(while)2.554 E F0(,)A F1(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F1 (select)2.555 E F0 2.555(loop. If)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0 .055 (is speci\214ed, break)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0(le)2.555 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ls.).15 E F2(n)5.414 E F0 .054(must be)2.794 F/F5 10/Symbol SF2.554 -E F0(1.)2.554 E(If)144 357.6 Q F2(n)3.074 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ - number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e)2.954 F 2.715 -(xited. The)-.15 F .215(return v)2.715 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144 +(ls.).15 E F2(n)5.415 E F0 .055(must be)2.795 F/F5 10/Symbol SF2.555 +E F0(1.)2.555 E(If)144 357.6 Q F2(n)3.075 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ + number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e)2.955 F 2.714 +(xited. The)-.15 F .214(return v)2.714 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144 369.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E F1 -.2 (bu)108 386.4 S(iltin).2 E F2(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E -F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 398.4 Q .793 -(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .793(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F2 +F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 398.4 Q .792 +(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .792(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F2 (ar)3.293 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.293(,a).27 G .793(nd return its e)-3.293 -F .792(xit status.)-.15 F .792(This is useful)5.792 F .615 +F .793(xit status.)-.15 F .793(This is useful)5.793 F .616 (when de\214ning a function whose name is the same as a shell b)144 -410.4 R .616(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 +410.4 R .615(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 422.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F1(cd)3.07 E F0 -.2(bu)3.07 G .57(iltin is commonly rede\214ned this w).2 F(ay)-.1 E 5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 434.4 Q(alse if)-.1 E F2(shell\255b)2.84 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0(is not a shell b)2.74 E (uiltin command.)-.2 E F1(caller)108 451.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)C(pr) -.2 E F0(])A .253(Returns the conte)144 463.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F +.2 E F0(])A .254(Returns the conte)144 463.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F 2.754(ya)-.15 G(cti)-2.754 E .554 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .254 (ubroutine call \(a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.254(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.754 E F0(or)2.754 E F1(sour)144 475.2 Q -(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G 2.825(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F2 -.2 -(ex)2.825 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.825 E F0 .324 +.254(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.753 E F0(or)2.753 E F1(sour)144 475.2 Q +(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.824 G 2.824(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F2 -.2 +(ex)2.824 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.824 E F0 .324 (displays the line number and source \214lename of the current)2.824 F -.253(subroutine call.)144 487.2 R .253(If a non-ne)5.253 F -.05(ga)-.15 -G(ti).05 E .553 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 -F F2 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.753 E F0 .254 -(displays the line number)2.754 F 2.754(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.754 E 1.327(rou\ +.254(subroutine call.)144 487.2 R .254(If a non-ne)5.254 F -.05(ga)-.15 +G(ti).05 E .554 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 +F F2 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.753 E F0 .253 +(displays the line number)2.753 F 2.753(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.753 E 1.327(rou\ tine name, and source \214le corresponding to that position in the curr\ -ent e)144 499.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.327(cution call stack.).15 F(This e) -144 511.2 Q(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 E .001 -(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F .001(The current frame is frame) -5.001 F 3.02(0. The)144 523.2 R .52(return v)3.02 F .52 -(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .519 -(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F2 -.2(ex)3.019 G(pr).2 E F0 .519 -(does not corre-)3.019 F(spond to a v)144 535.2 Q +ent e)144 499.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.328(cution call stack.).15 F .001 +(This e)144 511.2 R .001(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 F .001 +(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F(The current frame is frame)5 E +3.019(0. The)144 523.2 R .519(return v)3.019 F .519 +(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .52 +(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F2 -.2(ex)3.02 G(pr).2 E F0 .52 +(does not corre-)3.02 F(spond to a v)144 535.2 Q (alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F1(cd)108 552 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 A F0(|[)A F1A F0([)2.5 E F1A F0(]] [\255@]] [)A F2 -(dir)A F0(])A .321(Change the current directory to)144 564 R F2(dir) -2.821 E F0 5.321(.i)C(f)-5.321 E F2(dir)2.821 E F0 .322 -(is not supplied, the v)2.821 F .322(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HOME)2.822 E -F0 .322(shell v)2.572 F .322(ariable is)-.25 F 1.036(the def)144 576 R -3.536(ault. An)-.1 F 3.536(ya)-.15 G 1.035(dditional ar)-3.536 F 1.035 +(dir)A F0(])A .322(Change the current directory to)144 564 R F2(dir) +2.822 E F0 5.322(.i)C(f)-5.322 E F2(dir)2.822 E F0 .321 +(is not supplied, the v)2.822 F .321(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HOME)2.821 E +F0 .321(shell v)2.571 F .321(ariable is)-.25 F 1.035(the def)144 576 R +3.535(ault. An)-.1 F 3.535(ya)-.15 G 1.035(dditional ar)-3.535 F 1.035 (guments follo)-.18 F(wing)-.25 E F2(dir)3.535 E F0 1.035(are ignored.) -3.535 F 1.035(The v)6.035 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(CDP)3.535 E -.855(AT)-.666 -G(H).855 E F0(de\214nes)3.285 E .849 -(the search path for the directory containing)144 588 R F2(dir)3.349 E -F0 3.35(:e).73 G .85(ach directory name in)-3.35 F F3(CDP)3.35 E -.855 -(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .85(is searched for)3.1 F F2(dir)144 600 Q F0 -5.665(.A)C(lternati)-5.665 E .965 -.15(ve d)-.25 H .665 +3.535 F 1.036(The v)6.035 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(CDP)3.536 E -.855(AT)-.666 +G(H).855 E F0(de\214nes)3.286 E .85 +(the search path for the directory containing)144 588 R F2(dir)3.35 E F0 +3.35(:e).73 G .849(ach directory name in)-3.35 F F3(CDP)3.349 E -.855 +(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .849(is searched for)3.099 F F2(dir)144 600 Q F0 +5.664(.A)C(lternati)-5.664 E .964 -.15(ve d)-.25 H .665 (irectory names in).15 F F3(CDP)3.165 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.665(are separated by a colon \(:\).)2.915 F 3.165(An)5.665 G .664 -(ull directory name)-3.165 F(in)144 612 Q F3(CDP)4.162 E -.855(AT)-.666 -G(H).855 E F0 1.662(is the same as the current directory)3.912 F 4.162 +.665(are separated by a colon \(:\).)2.915 F 3.165(An)5.665 G .665 +(ull directory name)-3.165 F(in)144 612 Q F3(CDP)4.163 E -.855(AT)-.666 +G(H).855 E F0 1.663(is the same as the current directory)3.913 F 4.162 (,i)-.65 G 1.662(.e., `)-4.162 F(`)-.74 E F1(.)A F0 -.74('')C 6.662(.I) -.74 G(f)-6.662 E F2(dir)4.513 E F0(be)4.893 E 1.663 +.74 G(f)-6.662 E F2(dir)4.512 E F0(be)4.892 E 1.662 (gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F3(CDP)144 624 Q -.855(AT)-.666 G -(H).855 E F0 .191(is not used.)2.441 F(The)5.191 E F12.691 E F0 -.191(option causes)2.691 F F1(cd)2.691 E F0 .191(to use the ph)2.691 F -.19(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F 1.12 +(H).855 E F0 .19(is not used.)2.44 F(The)5.191 E F12.691 E F0 .191 +(option causes)2.691 F F1(cd)2.691 E F0 .191(to use the ph)2.691 F .191 +(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F 1.12 (symbolic links while tra)144 636 R -.15(ve)-.2 G(rsing).15 E F2(dir) 3.62 E F0 1.12(and before processing instances of)3.62 F F2(..)3.62 E F0 (in)3.62 E F2(dir)3.62 E F0 1.12(\(see also the)3.62 F F13.62 E F0 .395(option to the)144 648 R F1(set)2.895 E F0 -.2(bu)2.895 G .395 (iltin command\); the).2 F F12.895 E F0 .395 (option forces symbolic links to be follo)2.895 F .395(wed by resolv-) --.25 F .443(ing the link after processing instances of)144 660 R F2(..) +-.25 F .444(ing the link after processing instances of)144 660 R F2(..) 2.943 E F0(in)2.943 E F2(dir)2.943 E F0 5.443(.I)C(f)-5.443 E F2(..) 2.943 E F0 .443(appears in)2.943 F F2(dir)2.943 E F0 2.943(,i)C 2.943 -(ti)-2.943 G 2.944(sp)-2.943 G .444(rocessed by remo)-2.944 F(ving)-.15 +(ti)-2.943 G 2.943(sp)-2.943 G .443(rocessed by remo)-2.943 F(ving)-.15 E .744(the immediately pre)144 672 R .744(vious pathname component from) -.25 F F2(dir)3.244 E F0 3.244(,b)C .744(ack to a slash or the be)-3.244 -F .744(ginning of)-.15 F F2(dir)3.244 E F0(.)A 1.465(If the)144 684 R F1 -3.965 E F0 1.465(option is supplied with)3.965 F F13.965 E -F0 3.965(,a)C 1.465(nd the current w)-3.965 F 1.466 -(orking directory cannot be successfully)-.1 F .468 +F .744(ginning of)-.15 F F2(dir)3.244 E F0(.)A 1.466(If the)144 684 R F1 +3.966 E F0 1.466(option is supplied with)3.966 F F13.965 E +F0 3.965(,a)C 1.465(nd the current w)-3.965 F 1.465 +(orking directory cannot be successfully)-.1 F .467 (determined after a successful directory change,)144 696 R F1(cd)2.968 E -F0 .468(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.968 F .467(On systems) -5.467 F .336(that support it, the)144 708 R F12.836 E F0 .336 -(option presents the e)2.836 F .336(xtended attrib)-.15 F .337 +F0 .468(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.968 F .468(On systems) +5.468 F .337(that support it, the)144 708 R F12.837 E F0 .336 +(option presents the e)2.836 F .336(xtended attrib)-.15 F .336 (utes associated with a \214le as a directory)-.2 F(.)-.65 E .71(An ar) 144 720 R .71(gument of)-.18 F F13.21 E F0 .71(is con)3.21 F -.15 (ve)-.4 G .71(rted to).15 F F3($OLDPWD)3.21 E F0 .71 @@ -6971,10 +6973,10 @@ F0 .468(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.968 F .467(On systems) BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .106 -(empty directory name from)144 84 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CDP)2.606 E --.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .107(is used, or if)2.356 F/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF2.607 E F0 .107(is the \214rst ar)2.607 F .107 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .107 +(empty directory name from)144 84 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CDP)2.607 E +-.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .107(is used, or if)2.357 F/F2 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF2.607 E F0 .106(is the \214rst ar)2.607 F .106 (gument, and the directory change)-.18 F .038 (is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)144 96 R 2.538(ww)-.25 G .038(orking directory is written to the standard output.)-2.638 F @@ -6982,42 +6984,42 @@ BP (as successfully changed; f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F2(command)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255pVv)A F0(])A/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command) 2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 136.8 Q F3 -(command)2.764 E F0(with)3.334 E F3(ar)2.894 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065 -(suppressing the normal shell function lookup.)2.834 F .065(Only b)5.065 -F .065(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 148.8 R -F1 -.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +(command)2.765 E F0(with)3.335 E F3(ar)2.895 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065 +(suppressing the normal shell function lookup.)2.835 F .064(Only b)5.064 +F .064(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .501(commands found in the)144 148.8 R +F1 -.666(PA)3.001 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.751 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F23.002 E F0 .502(option is gi) -3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F3(command)3.201 E -F0(is)3.771 E .399(performed using a def)144 160.8 R .399(ault v)-.1 F -.399(alue for)-.25 F F1 -.666(PA)2.899 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .4 +3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .502(n, the search for).15 F F3(command)3.202 E +F0(is)3.772 E .4(performed using a def)144 160.8 R .4(ault v)-.1 F .4 +(alue for)-.25 F F1 -.666(PA)2.9 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .399 (that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F(If) -5.4 E .175(either the)144 172.8 R F22.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F2 -2.675 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.675 F F3(command) -2.875 E F0 .174(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.174 E F22.674 E F0 .174 -(option causes)2.674 F 3.317(as)144 184.8 S .817(ingle w)-3.317 F .817 -(ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G F3(command)3.618 E F0 .818(to be displayed; the)4.088 F F2 -144 196.8 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25 -(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.25 F F22.749 E F0(or) -2.749 E F22.749 E F0 .249(option is supplied, the e)2.749 F .249 -(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 208.8 R F3(command)3.704 E F0 -.1 -(wa)4.274 G 3.504(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.504 F 1.005 +5.399 E .174(either the)144 172.8 R F22.674 E F0(or)2.674 E F2 +2.674 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.674 F F3 +(command)2.875 E F0 .175(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.175 E F22.675 E +F0 .175(option causes)2.675 F 3.318(as)144 184.8 S .818(ingle w)-3.318 F +.817(ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo) +-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3(command)3.617 E F0 .817(to be displayed; the)4.087 +F F2144 196.8 Q F0 .249(option produces a more v)2.749 F .249 +(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.249 F F22.749 E F0(or) +2.749 E F22.75 E F0 .25(option is supplied, the e)2.75 F .25 +(xit status)-.15 F 1.005(is 0 if)144 208.8 R F3(command)3.705 E F0 -.1 +(wa)4.275 G 3.505(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.505 F 1.004 (If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F3 -(command)144.2 220.8 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599 -(xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.598 -(xit status of the)-.15 F F2(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 232.8 S +(command)144.2 220.8 Q F0 1.598(cannot be found, the e)4.868 F 1.599 +(xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.599 +(xit status of the)-.15 F F2(command)4.099 E F0 -.2(bu)144 232.8 S (iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F3(command)2.5 E F0(.).77 E F2 (compgen)108 249.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F3(wor)-2.5 E(d) --.37 E F0(])A .012(Generate possible completion matches for)144 261.6 R +-.37 E F0(])A .013(Generate possible completion matches for)144 261.6 R F3(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F3(option)2.513 -E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.513(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.513 E .982 -(accepted by the)144 273.6 R F2(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 +E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.512(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.512 E .981 +(accepted by the)144 273.6 R F2(complete)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 (iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F23.481 E F0(and) -3.481 E F23.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .981(nd write the matches to the) --3.481 F .13(standard output.)144 285.6 R .13(When using the)5.13 F F2 -2.63 E F0(or)2.63 E F22.631 E F0 .131(options, the v)2.631 F -.131(arious shell v)-.25 F .131(ariables set by the program-)-.25 F -(mable completion f)144 297.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G +3.481 E F23.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .982(nd write the matches to the) +-3.481 F .131(standard output.)144 285.6 R .131(When using the)5.131 F +F22.631 E F0(or)2.631 E F22.631 E F0 .131(options, the v) +2.631 F .13(arious shell v)-.25 F .13(ariables set by the program-)-.25 +F(mable completion f)144 297.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G (ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.)-.25 E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 321.6 R .352 (ay as if the programmable completion code had gen-)-.1 F .02(erated th\ @@ -7027,61 +7029,61 @@ em directly from a completion speci\214cation with the same \215ags.)144 (will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 369.6 Q (alue is true unless an in)-.25 E -.25(va)-.4 G (lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F2 -(complete)108 386.4 Q F0([)3.405 E F2(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.405(][)C -F2-3.405 E F3(comp-option)3.404 E F0 3.404(][)C F2(\255DEI)-3.404 +(complete)108 386.4 Q F0([)3.404 E F2(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.404(][)C +F2-3.404 E F3(comp-option)3.404 E F0 3.404(][)C F2(\255DEI)-3.404 E F0 3.404(][)C F2-3.404 E F3(action)3.404 E F0 3.404(][)C F2 -3.404 E F3(globpat)3.404 E F0 3.404(][)C F2-3.404 E F3(wor) -3.404 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.404(][)C F2-3.404 E F3(func-)3.404 E +3.404 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.405(][)C F2-3.405 E F3(func-)3.405 E (tion)108 398.4 Q F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F3(command)2.5 E F0(])A([) 144 410.4 Q F2A F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F3 (pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F3(suf)2.5 E<8c78> -.18 E F0(])A F3(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(name ...)A F0(])A F2 (complete \255pr)108 422.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255DEI)A F0 2.5(][)C F3 -(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .633(Specify ho)144 434.4 R 3.133(wa)-.25 G --.18(rg)-3.133 G .633(uments to each).18 F F3(name)3.133 E F0 .633 -(should be completed.)3.133 F .634(If the)5.634 F F23.134 E F0 -.634(option is supplied, or if no)3.134 F .14(options are supplied, e) +(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .634(Specify ho)144 434.4 R 3.134(wa)-.25 G +-.18(rg)-3.134 G .634(uments to each).18 F F3(name)3.134 E F0 .634 +(should be completed.)3.134 F .633(If the)5.634 F F23.133 E F0 +.633(option is supplied, or if no)3.133 F .139(options are supplied, e) 144 446.4 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w) --.15 F .139(ay that allo)-.1 F .139(ws them to be)-.25 F .31 +-.15 F .14(ay that allo)-.1 F .14(ws them to be)-.25 F .31 (reused as input.)144 458.4 R(The)5.31 E F22.81 E F0 .31 (option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.81(sac).15 G .31 (ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F3(name)2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C -1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F3(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.347 +1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F3(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.346 (are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 470.4 R(The)6.347 E -F23.847 E F0 1.346(option indicates that the remaining options) +F23.847 E F0 1.347(option indicates that the remaining options) 3.847 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 482.4 R(`def)-.74 E (ault')-.1 E 3('c)-.74 G .5 (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on)-3 F 3.455(ac)144 494.4 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955 (viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F23.455 E F0 .955 -(option indicates that)3.455 F .064 +(option indicates that)3.455 F .065 (the remaining options and actions should apply to `)144 506.4 R -(`empty')-.74 E 2.565('c)-.74 G .065 -(ommand completion; that is, comple-)-2.565 F 1.374 +(`empty')-.74 E 2.564('c)-.74 G .064 +(ommand completion; that is, comple-)-2.564 F 1.373 (tion attempted on a blank line.)144 518.4 R(The)6.373 E F23.873 E -F0 1.373(option indicates that the remaining options and actions)3.873 F -1.334(should apply to completion on the inital non-assignment w)144 -530.4 R 1.335(ord on the line, or after a command)-.1 F .431 -(delimiter such as)144 542.4 R F2(;)2.931 E F0(or)2.931 E F2(|)2.931 E -F0 2.931(,w)C .431(hich is usually command name completion.)-2.931 F .43 -(If multiple options are sup-)5.43 F(plied, the)144 554.4 Q F22.5 +F0 1.374(option indicates that the remaining options and actions)3.873 F +1.335(should apply to completion on the inital non-assignment w)144 +530.4 R 1.334(ord on the line, or after a command)-.1 F .43 +(delimiter such as)144 542.4 R F2(;)2.93 E F0(or)2.93 E F2(|)2.93 E F0 +2.93(,w)C .431(hich is usually command name completion.)-2.93 F .431 +(If multiple options are sup-)5.431 F(plied, the)144 554.4 Q F22.5 E F0(option tak)2.5 E(es precedence o)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F2 2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd both tak)-2.5 E 2.5(ep)-.1 G(recedence of) --2.5 E F22.5 E F0(.)A 1.437 +-2.5 E F22.5 E F0(.)A 1.438 (The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144 -578.4 R 1.438(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 +578.4 R 1.437(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 590.4 Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(Pr)2.5 E -(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(.)A .556 -(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 614.4 R .856 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555 +(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(.)A .555 +(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 614.4 R .855 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555 (he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F .555 -(guments to the)-.18 F F23.055 E F0(,)A F23.055 E F0 3.055 -(,a)C(nd)-3.055 E F23.055 E F0 .722(options \(and, if necessary) -144 626.4 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F23.222 E F0(and)3.222 E -F23.222 E F0 .723 -(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.222 F(xpan-)-.15 E +(guments to the)-.18 F F23.056 E F0(,)A F23.056 E F0 3.056 +(,a)C(nd)-3.056 E F23.056 E F0 .723(options \(and, if necessary) +144 626.4 R 3.223(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.223 E F23.223 E F0(and)3.223 E +F23.223 E F0 .722 +(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.223 F(xpan-)-.15 E (sion before the)144 638.4 Q F2(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F2144 650.4 Q -F3(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 662.4 Q F3(comp-option)2.791 E F0 .291 +F3(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 662.4 Q F3(comp-option)2.79 E F0 .291 (controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291(ral aspects of the compspec') .15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291(vior be)-.2 F .291 (yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 674.4 Q F3 @@ -7095,19 +7097,19 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(default)184 84 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')224 84 R 5.376(sd)-.55 G(ef) --5.376 E 2.875(ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no) +SF(default)184 84 Q F0 2.875(Use readline')224 84 R 5.375(sd)-.55 G(ef) +-5.375 E 2.876(ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no) -.1 F(matches.)224 96 Q F1(dir)184 108 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform direct\ ory name completion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 120 Q F1 (\214lenames)184 132 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 144 S .137(ll readline that the co\ -mpspec generates \214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.637<798c>-.15 -G(le-)-2.637 E .134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 156 R 2.634 +mpspec generates \214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.636<798c>-.15 +G(le-)-2.636 E .134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 156 R 2.634 (ea)-.1 G .134(dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-)-2.634 F .45(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 168 R .45 (Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 180 Q F1(noquote) 184 192 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 192 S .814 (ll readline not to quote the completed w).7 F .814(ords if the)-.1 F -3.314(ya)-.15 G .814(re \214lenames \(quoting)-3.314 F +3.314(ya)-.15 G .815(re \214lenames \(quoting)-3.314 F (\214lenames is the def)224 204 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nosort)184 216 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 216 S(ll readline not to sort the list of possible completio\ ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 228 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 228 S @@ -7115,7 +7117,7 @@ ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 228 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 228 S F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 240 Q F1 (plusdirs)184 252 Q F0 1.985(After an)224 252 R 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985 (atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)-4.485 F -.583(completion is attempted and an)224 264 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 +.584(completion is attempted and an)224 264 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 (atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 276 Q F1144 288 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 300 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(may be one of the follo)2.5 E @@ -7158,8 +7160,8 @@ E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1 (May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 684 S (riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)224 684 Q 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F (also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1144 696 Q F2 -(command)2.5 E(command)184 708 Q F0 1.056(is e)3.556 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.056(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 +(command)2.5 E(command)184 708 Q F0 1.055(is e)3.555 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +1.055(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 (vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.) 184 720 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(59)199.835 E 0 Cg EP @@ -7169,126 +7171,126 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(function)2.5 E F0 .113 +SF144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(function)2.5 E F0 .114 (The shell function)184 96 R F2(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .114(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 2.614 -(vironment. When)-.4 F .114(the func-)2.614 F .817(tion is e)184 108 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .817(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .817(gument \()-.18 F F1 -($1)A F0 3.316(\)i)C 3.316(st)-3.316 G .816 +(vironment. When)-.4 F .113(the func-)2.613 F .816(tion is e)184 108 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .816(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .816(gument \()-.18 F F1 +($1)A F0 3.316(\)i)C 3.316(st)-3.316 G .817 (he name of the command whose ar)-3.316 F(guments)-.18 E 1.407 (are being completed, the second ar)184 120 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1 ($2)A F0 3.907(\)i)C 3.907(st)-3.907 G 1.407(he w)-3.907 F 1.407 -(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .104(third ar)184 132 R .104 -(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.604(\)i)C 2.604(st)-2.604 G .104(he w) --2.604 F .104(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .103 -(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .101(mand line.)184 144 R -.101(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.101 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.602(df).15 G .102(rom the v)-2.602 F .102(alue of the) +(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .103(third ar)184 132 R .103 +(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.603(\)i)C 2.603(st)-2.603 G .103(he w) +-2.603 F .104(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .104 +(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .102(mand line.)184 144 R +.102(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.102 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.601(df).15 G .101(rom the v)-2.601 F .101(alue of the) -.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMPREPL)184 156 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 -E(ariable.)-.25 E F1144 168 Q F2(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.008 -(The pathname e)184 180 R 1.008(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.507 -E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F 1.007(xpanded to generate the possible comple-) +E(ariable.)-.25 E F1144 168 Q F2(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.007 +(The pathname e)184 180 R 1.007(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.507 +E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F 1.008(xpanded to generate the possible comple-) -.15 F(tions.)184 192 Q F1144 204 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr) -184 216 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534 +184 216 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .535(is added at the be)3.035 F .534 (ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 228 Q F1144 240 Q F2(suf)2.5 E <8c78>-.18 E(suf)184 240 Q<8c78>-.18 E F0 (is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1144 252 Q F2(wor)2.5 E -(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 264 Q F2(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 -(is split using the characters in the)3.64 F F3(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.139 -(special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F .98 -(each resultant w)184 276 R .98(ord is e)-.1 F 3.481(xpanded. Shell)-.15 -F .981(quoting is honored within)3.481 F F2(wor)3.481 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 -3.481(,i)C 3.481(no)-3.481 G .981(rder to)-3.481 F(pro)184 288 Q .766 -(vide a mechanism for the w)-.15 F .765 +(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 264 Q F2(wor)3.639 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 +(is split using the characters in the)3.639 F F3(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.14 +(special v)3.39 F 1.14(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F .981 +(each resultant w)184 276 R .981(ord is e)-.1 F 3.481(xpanded. Shell) +-.15 F .981(quoting is honored within)3.481 F F2(wor)3.481 E(dlist)-.37 +E F0 3.48(,i)C 3.48(no)-3.48 G .98(rder to)-3.48 F(pro)184 288 Q .765 +(vide a mechanism for the w)-.15 F .766 (ords to contain shell metacharacters or characters in the)-.1 F -.25 -(va)184 300 S 1.964(lue of).25 F F3(IFS)4.464 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) +(va)184 300 S 1.965(lue of).25 F F3(IFS)4.465 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) A F0 1.964 (The possible completions are the members of the resultant list which) -6.464 F(match the w)184 312 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E F1144 324 -Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 336 Q F0 .456 -(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.956 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F -.455(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596 +6.465 F(match the w)184 312 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E F1144 324 +Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 336 Q F0 .455 +(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.955 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F +.456(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596 (completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 348 R 1.596 (guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 360 Q F2(\214lterpat) -3.205 E F0 .705(is remo)3.205 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.205(df).15 G .704 -(rom the list.)-3.205 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0 -(in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0(ne)3.204 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .704 +3.204 E F0 .704(is remo)3.204 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.204(df).15 G .704 +(rom the list.)-3.204 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0 +(in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.205 E F0(ne)3.205 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .705 (tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 372 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G (ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .466(The return v)144 388.8 R .466 +-.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .467(The return v)144 388.8 R .467 (alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466 -(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F12.967 E F0 -(or)2.967 E F12.967 E F0 .467(is sup-)2.967 F 1.362 -(plied without a)144 400.8 R F2(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361 -(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.661 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H -1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 412.8 Q F0 +(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F12.966 E F0 +(or)2.966 E F12.966 E F0 .466(is sup-)2.966 F 1.361 +(plied without a)144 400.8 R F2(name)3.861 E F0(ar)3.861 E 1.361 +(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.662 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H +1.362(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 412.8 Q F0 (for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E (xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E F1(compopt)108 429.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255DEI)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 441.6 R F2(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F2(option)2.947 E F0 -.447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .726 -(completion if no)144 453.6 R F2(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726 -(re supplied.)-3.226 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) -C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .725 +.447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .725 +(completion if no)144 453.6 R F2(name)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)C .725 +(re supplied.)-3.225 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) +C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .726 (n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 465.6 Q F2(name) -3.223 E F0 .723(or the current completion.)3.223 F .724(The possible v) +3.224 E F0 .724(or the current completion.)3.224 F .724(The possible v) 5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F2(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224 -F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 477.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) -2.798 G .298(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.297(.T).15 G(he) +F .723(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.223 E(plete)144 477.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) +2.797 G .297(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.297(.T).15 G(he) -5.297 E F12.797 E F0 .297 (option indicates that the remaining options should apply to)2.797 F -1.227(the `)144 489.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.727('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ +1.228(the `)144 489.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.728('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ mmand completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for which \ -no)-3.727 F 2.178(completion has pre)144 501.6 R 2.178 -(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.178 E F14.678 E F0 2.177 -(option indicates that the remaining options)4.677 F 1.538 -(should apply to `)144 513.6 R(`empty')-.74 E 4.038('c)-.74 G 1.539 +no)-3.728 F 2.177(completion has pre)144 501.6 R 2.177 +(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.177 E F14.677 E F0 2.178 +(option indicates that the remaining options)4.678 F 1.539 +(should apply to `)144 513.6 R(`empty')-.74 E 4.039('c)-.74 G 1.538 (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.) --4.038 F(The)144 525.6 Q F13.317 E F0 .817(option indicates that \ +-4.039 F(The)144 525.6 Q F13.316 E F0 .817(option indicates that \ the remaining options should apply to completion on the inital non-) -3.317 F .867(assignment w)144 537.6 R .868 +3.316 F .868(assignment w)144 537.6 R .868 (ord on the line, or after a command delimiter such as)-.1 F F1(;)3.368 -E F0(or)3.368 E F1(|)3.368 E F0 3.368(,w)C .868(hich is usually com-) --3.368 F(mand name completion.)144 549.6 Q 1.388(The return v)144 573.6 -R 1.388(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.387 +E F0(or)3.368 E F1(|)3.368 E F0 3.367(,w)C .867(hich is usually com-) +-3.367 F(mand name completion.)144 549.6 Q 1.387(The return v)144 573.6 +R 1.387(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.388 (lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the).25 F (options for a)144 585.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 (for which no completion speci\214cation e)2.5 E (xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 602.4 Q F0([) -2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.753(Resume the ne)144 614.4 R 1.753 +2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144 614.4 R 1.754 (xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F1(until)4.254 E F0 4.254(,o)C(r)-4.254 E F1 -(select)4.254 E F0 4.254(loop. If)4.254 F F2(n)4.614 E F0 1.754 -(is speci\214ed,)4.494 F 1.209(resume at the)144 626.4 R F2(n)3.709 E F0 +(select)4.254 E F0 4.253(loop. If)4.254 F F2(n)4.613 E F0 1.753 +(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 626.4 R F2(n)3.709 E F0 1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F5 10 /Symbol SF3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F2(n)4.069 E F0 1.209 -(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .513 +(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .514 (loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 638.4 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.013('l)-.74 G .513(oop\) is resumed.)-3.013 F .514 -(The return v)5.514 F .514(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.014 E F0(is) -3.014 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 650.4 Q F1(declar)108 667.2 +(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.014('l)-.74 G .514(oop\) is resumed.)-3.014 F .513 +(The return v)5.513 F .513(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.013 E F0(is) +3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 650.4 Q F1(declar)108 667.2 Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F1 (typeset)108 679.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 -2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E 1.265(Declare v)144 691.2 R 1.265(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F -1.565 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.265(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no) +(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 691.2 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F +1.564 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no) 3.765 E F2(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 -G 3.764(nt).15 G 1.264(hen display the v)-3.764 F 1.264(alues of)-.25 F --.25(va)144 703.2 S 3.482(riables. The).25 F F13.482 E F0 .982 -(option will display the attrib)3.482 F .982(utes and v)-.2 F .983 -(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.483 E F0 5.983(.W).18 G(hen)-5.983 E F1 -3.483 E F0 .983(is used)3.483 F(with)144 715.2 Q F2(name)2.775 E -F0(ar)2.775 E .275(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F1 -2.775 E F0(and)2.775 E F12.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .274 -(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)5.274 E F12.774 E F0 .274(is supplied) -2.774 F(without)144 727.2 Q F2(name)4.813 E F0(ar)4.813 E 2.313 -(guments, it will display the attrib)-.18 F 2.314(utes and v)-.2 F 2.314 -(alues of all v)-.25 F 2.314(ariables ha)-.25 F 2.314(ving the)-.2 F +G 3.765(nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v)-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F +-.25(va)144 703.2 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F13.483 E F0 .983 +(option will display the attrib)3.483 F .983(utes and v)-.2 F .982 +(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.482 E F0 5.982(.W).18 G(hen)-5.982 E F1 +3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 715.2 Q F2(name)2.774 E +F0(ar)2.774 E .274(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F1 +2.775 E F0(and)2.775 E F12.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .275 +(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)5.275 E F12.775 E F0 .275(is supplied) +2.775 F(without)144 727.2 Q F2(name)4.814 E F0(ar)4.814 E 2.314 +(guments, it will display the attrib)-.18 F 2.314(utes and v)-.2 F 2.313 +(alues of all v)-.25 F 2.313(ariables ha)-.25 F 2.313(ving the)-.2 F (GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(60)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 61 61 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -7296,130 +7298,129 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(attrib)144 84 Q -1.182(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.)-.2 F 1.181 -(If no other options are supplied with)6.182 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -3.681 E F0(,)A F1(declar)3.681 E(e)-.18 E F0 .62 +1.181(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.)-.2 F 1.182 +(If no other options are supplied with)6.181 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +3.682 E F0(,)A F1(declar)3.682 E(e)-.18 E F0 .62 (will display the attrib)144 96 R .62(utes and v)-.2 F .62 (alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.12(ariables. The)-.25 F F13.12 E F0 -.62(option will restrict the display)3.12 F 1.291(to shell functions.) -144 108 R(The)6.291 E F13.791 E F0 1.291(option inhibits the disp\ -lay of function de\214nitions; only the function)3.791 F .948 -(name and attrib)144 120 R .948(utes are printed.)-.2 F .948(If the) -5.948 F F1(extdeb)3.448 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .948 -(shell option is enabled using)3.448 F F1(shopt)3.448 E F0 3.448(,t)C -.948(he source)-3.448 F 1.69(\214le name and line number where each)144 -132 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)4.19 E F0 1.69 -(is de\214ned are displayed as well.)4.19 F(The)6.69 E F14.19 E F0 -(option)4.19 E(implies)144 144 Q F13.891 E F0 6.391(.T)C(he)-6.391 -E F13.891 E F0 1.391(option forces v)3.891 F 1.391 -(ariables to be created or modi\214ed at the global scope, e)-.25 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E(when)144 156 Q F1(declar)4.383 E(e)-.18 E F0 1.883 -(is e)4.383 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.883(cuted in a shell function.).15 F -1.882(It is ignored in all other cases.)6.883 F 1.882(The follo)6.882 F -(wing)-.25 E .793(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 168 R -.794(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .794(ute or to gi)-.2 F -1.094 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 180 Q(utes:)-.2 E F1 +.62(option will restrict the display)3.12 F 1.29(to shell functions.)144 +108 R(The)6.29 E F13.79 E F0 1.291(option inhibits the display of\ + function de\214nitions; only the function)3.791 F .948(name and attrib) +144 120 R .948(utes are printed.)-.2 F .948(If the)5.948 F F1(extdeb) +3.448 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .948(shell option is enabled using)3.448 F F1(shopt) +3.448 E F0 3.448(,t)C .948(he source)-3.448 F 1.69 +(\214le name and line number where each)144 132 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 +SF(name)4.19 E F0 1.69(is de\214ned are displayed as well.)4.19 F(The) +6.69 E F14.19 E F0(option)4.19 E(implies)144 144 Q F13.892 E +F0 6.392(.T)C(he)-6.392 E F13.892 E F0 1.391(option forces v)3.892 +F 1.391(ariables to be created or modi\214ed at the global scope, e)-.25 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E(when)144 156 Q F1(declar)4.382 E(e)-.18 E F0 +1.882(is e)4.382 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.882(cuted in a shell function.).15 F +1.883(It is ignored in all other cases.)6.882 F 1.883(The follo)6.883 F +(wing)-.25 E .794(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 168 R +.794(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .793(ute or to gi)-.2 F +1.093 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 180 Q(utes:)-.2 E F1 144 192 Q F0(Each)180 192 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E -.15 (xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1144 204 Q F0(Each)180 204 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray v) .15 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G (\).).15 E F1144 216 Q F0(Use function names only)180 216 Q(.)-.65 -E F1144 228 Q F0 .558(The v)180 228 R .558 +E F1144 228 Q F0 .557(The v)180 228 R .558 (ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .557 +(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .558 (ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)180 240 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\)i).15 G 2.5(sp)-2.5 G(erformed when the v)-2.5 E -(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F1144 252 Q F0 .909 +(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F1144 252 Q F0 .91 (When the v)180 252 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 (alue, all upper)-.25 F .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 -G .91(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 264 R(upper) -2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1144 276 Q F0(Gi) -180 276 Q 1.62 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.82 E F0(the)3.82 E -F2(namer)3.819 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319 +G .909(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 264 R +(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1144 276 Q +F0(Gi)180 276 Q 1.619 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.819 E F0(the) +3.819 E F2(namer)3.819 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319 (ute, making it a name reference to another v)-.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E -1.518(That other v)180 288 R 1.518(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 F -1.519(alue of)-.25 F F2(name)4.019 E F0 6.519(.A)C 1.519 -(ll references, assignments, and)-6.519 F(attrib)180 300 Q .227 +1.519(That other v)180 288 R 1.519(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 F +1.518(alue of)-.25 F F2(name)4.018 E F0 6.518(.A)C 1.518 +(ll references, assignments, and)-6.518 F(attrib)180 300 Q .226 (ute modi\214cations to)-.2 F F2(name)2.726 E F0 2.726(,e)C .226 (xcept those using or changing the)-2.876 F F12.726 E F0(attrib) -2.726 E .226(ute itself, are)-.2 F .808(performed on the v)180 312 R -.808(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F2(name)3.308 E F0 1.908 -.55('s v)D -3.308(alue. The).3 F .809(nameref attrib)3.309 F .809(ute cannot be)-.2 +2.726 E .227(ute itself, are)-.2 F .809(performed on the v)180 312 R +.809(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F2(name)3.308 E F0 1.908 -.55('s v)D +3.308(alue. The).3 F .808(nameref attrib)3.308 F .808(ute cannot be)-.2 F(applied to array v)180 324 Q(ariables.)-.25 E F1144 336 Q F0 -(Mak)180 336 Q(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.047 E F0 5.047(sr)C(eadonly)-5.047 E -7.547(.T)-.65 G 2.546(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.547 F -2.546(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 348 -Q F1144 360 Q F0(Gi)180 360 Q .729 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2 -(name)2.929 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E +(Mak)180 336 Q(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.046 E F0 5.046(sr)C(eadonly)-5.046 E +7.546(.T)-.65 G 2.546(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.546 F +2.547(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 348 +Q F1144 360 Q F0(Gi)180 360 Q .73 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2 +(name)2.93 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E 2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1(DEB)2.929 -E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.93 E F1(RETURN)2.93 E F0 +E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.929 E F1(RETURN)2.929 E F0 (traps from the calling shell.)180 372 Q(The trace attrib)5 E (ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F1144 384 -Q F0 .91(When the v)180 384 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 +Q F0 .909(When the v)180 384 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 (alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15 -(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 396 R(lo) -2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1144 -408 Q F0(Mark)180 408 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E -(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .12 -(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 424.8 R 2.62(ft)-.25 G .12 -(he attrib)-2.62 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .121 -(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.621 E F0 .121(may not be used)2.621 F -.645(to destro)144 436.8 R 3.145(ya)-.1 G 3.145(na)-3.145 G .645(rray v) --3.145 F .645(ariable and)-.25 F F1(+r)3.145 E F0 .645(will not remo) -3.145 F .945 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .645(he readonly attrib).15 F 3.144 -(ute. When)-.2 F .644(used in a func-)3.144 F(tion,)144 448.8 Q F1 +(ve)-.4 G .91(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 396 R(lo)2.5 +E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1144 408 Q +F0(Mark)180 408 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E +(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .121 +(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 424.8 R 2.621(ft)-.25 G .121 +(he attrib)-2.621 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .12 +(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.62 E F0 .12(may not be used)2.62 F .644 +(to destro)144 436.8 R 3.144(ya)-.1 G 3.144(na)-3.144 G .644(rray v) +-3.144 F .644(ariable and)-.25 F F1(+r)3.145 E F0 .645(will not remo) +3.145 F .945 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .645(he readonly attrib).15 F 3.145 +(ute. When)-.2 F .645(used in a func-)3.145 F(tion,)144 448.8 Q F1 (declar)2.835 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)2.835 E F1(typeset)2.835 E F0(mak)2.835 E 2.835(ee)-.1 G(ach)-2.835 E F2(name)2.835 E F0 .335 (local, as with the)2.835 F F1(local)2.835 E F0 .335 -(command, unless the)2.835 F F12.835 E F0(option)2.835 E 1.283 -(is supplied.)144 460.8 R 1.283(If a v)6.283 F 1.283 +(command, unless the)2.835 F F12.835 E F0(option)2.835 E 1.282 +(is supplied.)144 460.8 R 1.282(If a v)6.282 F 1.283 (ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.283(wed by =)-.25 F F2(value)A F0 3.783 -(,t)C 1.283(he v)-3.783 F 1.283(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.282 -(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)3.782 E F0(.)A .926(When using)144 -472.8 R F13.426 E F0(or)3.426 E F13.426 E F0 .927 -(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)3.426 F .927 +(,t)C 1.283(he v)-3.783 F 1.283(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.283 +(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)3.783 E F0(.)A .927(When using)144 +472.8 R F13.427 E F0(or)3.427 E F13.427 E F0 .926 +(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)3.427 F .926 (ariables, additional)-.25 F(attrib)144 484.8 Q .592(utes do not tak)-.2 F 3.092(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.092 G .592 (ect until subsequent assignments.).25 F .592(The return v)5.592 F .592 (alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .429 (option is encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function using) -144 496.8 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .429(\255f foo=bar)2.929 F F0 2.929(,a)C -2.929(na)-2.929 G .429(ttempt is)-2.929 F .063(made to assign a v)144 -508.8 R .063(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .062 -(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .062 +144 496.8 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .428(\255f foo=bar)2.929 F F0 2.928(,a)C +2.928(na)-2.928 G .428(ttempt is)-2.928 F .062(made to assign a v)144 +508.8 R .062(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .063 +(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .063 (alue to an array v)-.25 F(ari-)-.25 E .102 (able without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)144 520.8 R F1 (Arrays)2.602 E F0(abo)2.602 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .102(\), one of the).15 F -F2(names)2.602 E F0 .102(is not a)2.602 F -.25(va)144 532.8 S .172 +F2(names)2.602 E F0 .101(is not a)2.602 F -.25(va)144 532.8 S .171 (lid shell v).25 F .171(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 -F 2.671(fr)-.25 G .171(eadonly status for a readonly v)-2.671 F .171 +F 2.671(fr)-.25 G .171(eadonly status for a readonly v)-2.671 F .172 (ariable, an)-.25 F .96(attempt is made to turn of)144 544.8 R 3.46(fa) -.25 G .96(rray status for an array v)-3.46 F .96 (ariable, or an attempt is made to display a)-.25 F(non-e)144 556.8 Q (xistent function with)-.15 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 (dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 573.6 Q F2(n)A F1 2.5(][)C-2.5 E F2(n)A F1 -(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 585.6 S .329 +(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 585.6 S .328 (thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.) -.4 F .328(The def)5.328 F .328(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 +.4 F .329(The def)5.329 F .329(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 (single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 597.6 R 1.238 (Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F1(pushd)144 609.6 Q -F0 2.003(command; the)4.504 F F1(popd)4.503 E F0 2.003(command remo) +F0 2.003(command; the)4.503 F F1(popd)4.503 E F0 2.003(command remo) 4.503 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.503(se).15 G 2.003(ntries from the list.)-4.503 F 2.003(The current directory is)7.003 F(al)144 621.6 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G (ys the \214rst directory in the stack.).1 E F1144 633.6 Q F0 (Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)180 633.6 Q -F1144 645.6 Q F0 .881 -(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 645.6 R .882 +F1144 645.6 Q F0 .882 +(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 645.6 R .881 (ault listing format uses a tilde to denote)-.1 F(the home directory)180 657.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 669.6 Q F0 (Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)180 669.6 Q F1 -144 681.6 Q F0 .273(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \ -pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 681.6 R 2.772(xi)-.15 G 2.772 -(nt)-2.772 G(he)-2.772 E(stack.)180 693.6 Q F1(+)144 705.6 Q F2(n)A F0 -1.564(Displays the)180 705.6 R F2(n)4.064 E F0 1.565 -(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.565(wn by)-.25 F F1 -(dirs)4.065 E F0 1.565(when in)4.065 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E +144 681.6 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \ +pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 681.6 R 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773 +(nt)-2.773 G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 693.6 Q F1(+)144 705.6 Q F2(n)A F0 +1.565(Displays the)180 705.6 R F2(n)4.065 E F0 1.565 +(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.564(wn by)-.25 F F1 +(dirs)4.064 E F0 1.564(when in)4.064 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E (without options, starting with zero.)180 717.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q (2018 June 8)150.675 E(61)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 62 62 @@ -7432,51 +7433,51 @@ SF144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)180 84 R F2(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 (th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.194(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 96 Q .257(The return v)144 +(without options, starting with zero.)180 96 Q .258(The return v)144 112.8 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 (lid option is supplied or).25 F F2(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe) -.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258(ond the end of the direc-) .15 F(tory stack.)144 124.8 Q F1(diso)108 141.6 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1 (\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)-2.5 E F0 -(... |)2.5 E F2(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 153.6 S .122 +(... |)2.5 E F2(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 153.6 S .121 (thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(jobspec) 4.362 E F0 .122(from the table of acti)2.932 F .422 -.15(ve j)-.25 H -2.622(obs. If).15 F F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .121(is not present, and)2.932 +2.622(obs. If).15 F F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122(is not present, and)2.932 F .096(neither the)144 165.6 R F12.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F F12.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the)2.596 F F2(curr)2.596 E .096(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F .096(If the)5.096 F F1 2.596 E F0 .096(option is gi)2.596 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .096(n, each) -.15 F F2(jobspec)145.74 177.6 Q F0 .586(is not remo)3.396 F -.15(ve)-.15 -G 3.086(df).15 G .585(rom the table, b)-3.086 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F -.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .585 +.15 F F2(jobspec)145.74 177.6 Q F0 .585(is not remo)3.395 F -.15(ve)-.15 +G 3.085(df).15 G .585(rom the table, b)-3.085 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F +.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .586 (is not sent to the job if the)2.835 F .962(shell recei)144 189.6 R -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.462(sa).15 G F3(SIGHUP)A/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .962 (If no)5.462 F F2(jobspec)5.202 E F0 .962(is supplied, the)3.772 F F1 3.462 E F0 .962(option means to remo)3.462 F 1.262 -.15(ve o)-.15 -H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.359(jobs; the)144 201.6 R F1 -3.859 E F0 1.359(option without a)3.859 F F2(jobspec)5.599 E F0 -(ar)4.169 E 1.358(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F -1.358(The return)6.358 F -.25(va)144 213.6 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F2 +H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.358(jobs; the)144 201.6 R F1 +3.858 E F0 1.358(option without a)3.858 F F2(jobspec)5.598 E F0 +(ar)4.169 E 1.359(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F +1.359(The return)6.359 F -.25(va)144 213.6 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F2 (jobspec)4.24 E F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job)-.25 E(.)-.4 E F1(echo)108 230.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g) --.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .424(Output the)144 242.4 R F2(ar)2.924 E(g)-.37 E +-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .425(Output the)144 242.4 R F2(ar)2.925 E(g)-.37 E F0 .424(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .424(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.924 -(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .308 -(error occurs.)144 254.4 R(If)5.308 E F12.808 E F0 .308 -(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.808 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25 -F .307(If the)5.308 F F12.807 E F0 .307(option is gi)2.807 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .307(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E 1.348(pretation of the follo)144 +(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .307 +(error occurs.)144 254.4 R(If)5.307 E F12.807 E F0 .307 +(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.807 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25 +F .308(If the)5.308 F F12.808 E F0 .308(option is gi)2.808 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G .308(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E 1.349(pretation of the follo)144 266.4 R 1.348(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The) -6.348 E F13.849 E F0 1.349(option disables the)3.849 F 1.055 +6.348 E F13.848 E F0 1.348(option disables the)3.848 F 1.054 (interpretation of these escape characters, e)144 278.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.555(no).15 G 3.555(ns)-3.555 G 1.055(ystems where the)-3.555 F 3.554 -(ya)-.15 G 1.054(re interpreted by def)-3.554 F(ault.)-.1 E(The)144 -290.4 Q F1(xpg_echo)3.458 E F0 .959 -(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.458 -F F1(echo)3.459 E F0 -.15(ex)3.459 G(pands).15 E .716 -(these escape characters by def)144 302.4 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.716 E -F0 .716(does not interpret)3.216 F F13.216 E F0 .715 -(to mean the end of options.)3.216 F F1(echo)5.715 E F0 +3.555(no).15 G 3.555(ns)-3.555 G 1.055(ystems where the)-3.555 F 3.555 +(ya)-.15 G 1.055(re interpreted by def)-3.555 F(ault.)-.1 E(The)144 +290.4 Q F1(xpg_echo)3.459 E F0 .959 +(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.459 +F F1(echo)3.458 E F0 -.15(ex)3.458 G(pands).15 E .715 +(these escape characters by def)144 302.4 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.715 E +F0 .716(does not interpret)3.215 F F13.216 E F0 .716 +(to mean the end of options.)3.216 F F1(echo)5.716 E F0 (interprets the follo)144 314.4 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F1(\\a) 144 326.4 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 326.4 Q F1(\\b)144 338.4 Q F0 (backspace)180 338.4 Q F1(\\c)144 350.4 Q F0(suppress further output)180 @@ -7491,53 +7492,53 @@ E(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1 (\\x)144 470.4 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 470.4 Q (alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0 (\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1 -(\\u)144 482.4 Q F2(HHHH)A F0 1.506 -(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 494.4 R 1.507 -(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.507(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH) -4.007 E F0(\(one to four he)180 506.4 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1 -(\\U)144 518.4 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .548 +(\\u)144 482.4 Q F2(HHHH)A F0 1.507 +(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 494.4 R 1.506 +(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.506(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH) +4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 506.4 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1 +(\\U)144 518.4 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547 (the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 530.4 R .547 -(alue is the he)-.25 F .547(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-) -3.047 E(HHH)180 542.4 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G +(alue is the he)-.25 F .548(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-) +3.048 E(HHH)180 542.4 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G (igits\))-2.5 E F1(enable)108 559.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .277(Enable and disable b)144 571.2 R +(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 571.2 R .278(uiltin shell commands.)-.2 F .278(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278 -(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .834 +(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .833 (the same name as a shell b)144 583.2 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .834(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.333(nt).15 G(hough)-3.333 E .989 +(ve)-.25 G 3.334(nt).15 G(hough)-3.334 E .99 (the shell normally searches for b)144 595.2 R .989 -(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F13.489 E F0 .99 -(is used, each)3.49 F F2(name)3.49 E F0 .99(is dis-)3.49 F 1.582 +(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F13.489 E F0 .989 +(is used, each)3.489 F F2(name)3.489 E F0 .989(is dis-)3.489 F 1.581 (abled; otherwise,)144 607.2 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.) 4.082 F -.15(Fo)6.582 G 4.082(re).15 G 1.582(xample, to use the)-4.232 F -F1(test)4.082 E F0 1.582(binary found via the)4.082 F F3 -.666(PA)4.081 -G(TH)-.189 E F0 .08(instead of the shell b)144 619.2 R .08(uiltin v)-.2 -F .08(ersion, run)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .081(enable -n test)2.58 F -F0 5.081(.T)C(he)-5.081 E F12.581 E F0 .081 -(option means to load the ne)2.581 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 631.2 S 1.525 -(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.385 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F +F1(test)4.082 E F0 1.582(binary found via the)4.082 F F3 -.666(PA)4.082 +G(TH)-.189 E F0 .081(instead of the shell b)144 619.2 R .081(uiltin v) +-.2 F .081(ersion, run)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .081(enable -n test) +2.581 F F0 5.081(.T)C(he)-5.081 E F12.58 E F0 .08 +(option means to load the ne)2.58 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 631.2 S 1.524 +(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.384 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F F2(\214lename)4.024 E F0 4.024(,o).18 G 4.024(ns)-4.024 G 1.524 (ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144 643.2 Q F1 -2.866 E F0 .366(option will delete a b)2.866 F .366(uiltin pre)-.2 F -.366(viously loaded with)-.25 F F12.867 E F0 5.367(.I)C 2.867(fn) --5.367 G(o)-2.867 E F2(name)2.867 E F0(ar)2.867 E .367(guments are gi) --.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(n, or).15 F .399(if the)144 655.2 R F1 -2.899 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399 +2.867 E F0 .367(option will delete a b)2.867 F .367(uiltin pre)-.2 F +.367(viously loaded with)-.25 F F12.866 E F0 5.366(.I)C 2.866(fn) +-5.366 G(o)-2.866 E F2(name)2.866 E F0(ar)2.866 E .366(guments are gi) +-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .366(n, or).15 F .398(if the)144 655.2 R F1 +2.898 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399 (uiltins is printed.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)5.399 G .399(th no other option ar).4 -F .398(guments, the)-.18 F .098(list consists of all enabled shell b)144 +F .399(guments, the)-.18 F .099(list consists of all enabled shell b)144 667.2 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F12.598 E F0 .098 -(is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .099(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F -(If)5.099 E F12.599 E F0 1.917 +(is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .098(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F +(If)5.098 E F12.598 E F0 1.916 (is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 679.2 R 1.916 -(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.878 -(enabled. If)144 691.2 R F12.878 E F0 .379 -(is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.878 F F2(special) -2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.879 G 2.879(iltins. The).2 F .379(return v)2.879 F -(alue)-.25 E .995(is 0 unless a)144 703.2 R F2(name)3.855 E F0 .994 -(is not a shell b)3.675 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne) --.2 F 3.494(wb)-.25 G .994(uiltin from a shared)-3.694 F(object.)144 +(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.879 +(enabled. If)144 691.2 R F12.879 E F0 .379 +(is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.879 F F2(special) +2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.878 G 2.878(iltins. The).2 F .378(return v)2.878 F +(alue)-.25 E .994(is 0 unless a)144 703.2 R F2(name)3.854 E F0 .994 +(is not a shell b)3.674 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne) +-.2 F 3.495(wb)-.25 G .995(uiltin from a shared)-3.695 F(object.)144 715.2 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(62)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 63 63 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -7546,94 +7547,95 @@ BP /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 84 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 96 Q F2(ar)3.17 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.17 -(sa)C .671(re read and concatenated together into a single command.) --3.17 F .671(This command is then read)5.671 F .495(and e)144 108 R -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495 +(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 96 Q F2(ar)3.171 E(g)-.37 E F0 +3.171(sa)C .671 +(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.171 F .67 +(This command is then read)5.67 F .495(and e)144 108 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495 (xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .495(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15 (ev a)2.995 H(l).15 E F0 5.495(.I)C 2.995(ft)-5.495 G .495(here are no) -2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 120 Q (guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1 (exec)108 136.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2 (name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments) --.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 148.8 Q F2(command)3.005 E F0 .305 -(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.575 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805 -(wp)-.25 G .306(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.306 E F2(ar)3.136 E -(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.076 E .177(the ar)144 160.8 R .177 +-.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 148.8 Q F2(command)3.006 E F0 .306 +(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.576 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805 +(wp)-.25 G .305(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.305 E F2(ar)3.135 E +(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.075 E .176(the ar)144 160.8 R .176 (guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G (he)-2.676 E F12.676 E F0 .176 -(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .176 -(ginning of)-.15 F .499(the zeroth ar)144 172.8 R .499(gument passed to) --.18 F F2(command)2.999 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2 -(lo)2.999 E(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.5 E F13 E F0 -.5(option causes)3 F F2(com-)3.2 E(mand)144 184.8 Q F0 .639(to be e) -3.909 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138 +(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .177 +(ginning of)-.15 F .5(the zeroth ar)144 172.8 R .5(gument passed to)-.18 +F F2(command)3 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2(lo)2.999 +E(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.499 E F12.999 E F0 +.499(option causes)2.999 F F2(com-)3.199 E(mand)144 184.8 Q F0 .638 +(to be e)3.908 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138 (vironment. If)-.4 F F13.138 E F0 .638 -(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.498 E F0 .638(as the) -3.318 F 1.077(zeroth ar)144 196.8 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15 +(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.499 E F0 .639(as the) +3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 196.8 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0 1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a) -.15 F(non-interacti)144 208.8 Q .877 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .577(hell e).15 F -.577(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.077 E F0 .577 -(shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .576(In that case, it returns f)5.577 +.15 F(non-interacti)144 208.8 Q .876 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .576(hell e).15 F +.576(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.076 E F0 .577 +(shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .577(In that case, it returns f)5.577 F(ail-)-.1 E 3.32(ure. An)144 220.8 R(interacti)3.32 E 1.12 -.15(ve s) -.25 H .82(hell returns f).15 F .82(ailure if the \214le cannot be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.32(cuted. A).15 F .82(subshell e)3.32 F .82 -(xits uncondi-)-.15 F .288(tionally if)144 232.8 R F1(exec)2.788 E F0 --.1(fa)2.788 G 2.788(ils. If).1 F F2(command)2.988 E F0 .288 -(is not speci\214ed, an)3.558 F 2.787(yr)-.15 G .287(edirections tak) --2.787 F 2.787(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.787 G .287(ect in the current shell,) +(xits uncondi-)-.15 F .287(tionally if)144 232.8 R F1(exec)2.787 E F0 +-.1(fa)2.787 G 2.787(ils. If).1 F F2(command)2.987 E F0 .287 +(is not speci\214ed, an)3.557 F 2.788(yr)-.15 G .288(edirections tak) +-2.788 F 2.788(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.788 G .288(ect in the current shell,) .25 F(and the return status is 0.)144 244.8 Q (If there is a redirection error)5 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G (he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 261.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -(])A .095(Cause the shell to e)144 261.6 R .095(xit with a status of) --.15 F F2(n)2.595 E F0 5.095(.I)C(f)-5.095 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .096 -(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .096(xit status is that of the last command) +(])A .096(Cause the shell to e)144 261.6 R .096(xit with a status of) +-.15 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 5.096(.I)C(f)-5.096 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .095 +(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .095(xit status is that of the last command) -.15 F -.15(exe)144 273.6 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E/F3 9 /Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)2.5 E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G (cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E F1(export)108 290.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E -F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 302.4 Q F0 .257(The supplied)144 314.4 R +F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 302.4 Q F0 .256(The supplied)144 314.4 R F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F .257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.626(commands. If)144 326.4 R(the)2.626 E F1 -2.626 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the) +(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627(commands. If)144 326.4 R(the)2.627 E F1 +2.627 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the) .15 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no) -5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127 +5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .126 (n, or if the).15 F F1144 338.4 Q F0 .048 -(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.548 F .048(xported v) --.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F12.547 E F0 -.047(option causes the)2.547 F -.15(ex)144 350.4 S 1.446 +(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.547 F .048(xported v) +-.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F12.548 E F0 +.048(option causes the)2.548 F -.15(ex)144 350.4 S 1.447 (port property to be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.947(df).15 G 1.447 (rom each)-3.947 F F2(name)3.947 E F0 6.447(.I)C 3.947(fav)-6.447 G 1.447(ariable name is follo)-4.197 F 1.447(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d) --.37 E F0 3.947(,t)C(he)-3.947 E -.25(va)144 362.4 S .742(lue of the v) -.25 F .742(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)3.242 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1 -(export)5.742 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .741 -(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .741(lid option is) -.25 F .031(encountered, one of the)144 374.4 R F2(names)2.531 E F0 .031 -(is not a v)2.531 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25 -F F12.532 E F0 .032(is supplied with a)2.532 F F2(name)2.892 E F0 -(that)2.712 E(is not a function.)144 386.4 Q F1(fc)108 403.2 Q F0([)2.5 +-.37 E F0 3.946(,t)C(he)-3.946 E -.25(va)144 362.4 S .741(lue of the v) +.25 F .741(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)3.241 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1 +(export)5.741 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .742 +(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .742(lid option is) +.25 F .032(encountered, one of the)144 374.4 R F2(names)2.532 E F0 .032 +(is not a v)2.532 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25 +F F12.531 E F0 .031(is supplied with a)2.531 F F2(name)2.891 E F0 +(that)2.711 E(is not a function.)144 386.4 Q F1(fc)108 403.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 <8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108 415.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 -(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .432 +(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .431 (The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 427.2 R F2<8c72> -4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F2(last)3.022 E F0 .431 -(from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .141(edits and re-e)144 -439.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .141(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs) +4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F2(last)3.022 E F0 .432 +(from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .142(edits and re-e)144 +439.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .142(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs) .45 G(t).1 E F0(and)3.321 E F2(last)2.731 E F0 .141 (may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command)3.321 F(be) -144 451.2 Q .311(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde) --.15 F 2.811(xi)-.15 G .31(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .61 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .189 -(is used as an of)144 463.2 R .189 -(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F(If)5.189 E F2(last)2.78 -E F0 .19(is not speci\214ed, it is set to the cur)3.37 F(-)-.2 E .949 +144 451.2 Q .31(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)-.15 +F 2.811(xi)-.15 G .311(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F -.05 +(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .611 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .19 +(is used as an of)144 463.2 R .19 +(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F(If)5.19 E F2(last)2.779 +E F0 .189(is not speci\214ed, it is set to the cur)3.369 F(-)-.2 E .948 (rent command for listing \(so that)144 475.2 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .948 (fc \255l \25510)3.448 F F0 .948(prints the last 10 commands\) and to) -3.448 F F2<8c72>5.358 E(st)-.1 E F0(other)4.128 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. If) +3.448 F F2<8c72>5.359 E(st)-.1 E F0(other)4.129 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. If) 144 487.2 R F2<8c72>4.41 E(st)-.1 E F0 (is not speci\214ed, it is set to the pre)3.18 E (vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 511.2 @@ -7643,40 +7645,40 @@ F12.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022 (rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 523.2 R .438(If the) 5.438 F F12.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438 (n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E -.334(the editor gi)144 535.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.834(nb).15 G(y)-2.834 E -F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .335(is in)3.014 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835 +.335(the editor gi)144 535.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E +F2(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835 (do).1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 -F(If)5.335 E F2(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is not gi)3.015 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -(n,).15 E .631(the v)144 547.2 R .631(alue of the)-.25 F F3(FCEDIT)3.131 -E F0 -.25(va)2.881 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of) --.25 F F3(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F3(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 .63 -(is not set.)2.88 F .63(If nei-)5.63 F .95(ther v)144 559.2 R .95 -(ariable is set,)-.25 F F2(vi)5.116 E F0 .95(is used.)5.116 F .951 -(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.95 F --.15(exe)144 571.2 S(cuted.).15 E .789(In the second form,)144 595.2 R +F(If)5.334 E F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 547.2 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F F3(FCEDIT)3.13 E +F0 -.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)-.25 +F F3(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F3(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 .631 +(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F .951(ther v)144 559.2 R .951 +(ariable is set,)-.25 F F2(vi)5.117 E F0 .951(is used.)5.117 F .95 +(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.951 F +-.15(exe)144 571.2 S(cuted.).15 E .788(In the second form,)144 595.2 R F2(command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 (cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)3.288 E F0 .788 -(is replaced by)3.288 F F2 -.37(re)3.288 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F2(Com-)5.788 -E(mand)144 607.2 Q F0 .171(is interpreted the same as)2.671 F F2<8c72> -2.671 E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.671 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.171(.A).15 G .172 -(useful alias to use with this is)-2.499 F F4 .172(r='fc \255s')2.672 F -F0 2.672(,s)C 2.672(ot)-2.672 G(hat)-2.672 E(typing)144 619.2 Q F4 7.166 -(rc)3.666 G(c)-7.166 E F0 1.166(runs the last command be)3.666 F 1.166 -(ginning with)-.15 F F4(cc)3.666 E F0 1.165(and typing)3.666 F F4(r) -3.665 E F0(re-e)3.665 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.165(cutes the last com-).15 F +(is replaced by)3.288 F F2 -.37(re)3.289 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F2(Com-)5.789 +E(mand)144 607.2 Q F0 .172(is interpreted the same as)2.672 F F2<8c72> +2.672 E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.672 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.172(.A).15 G .171 +(useful alias to use with this is)-2.5 F F4 .171(r='fc \255s')2.671 F F0 +2.671(,s)C 2.671(ot)-2.671 G(hat)-2.671 E(typing)144 619.2 Q F4 7.165 +(rc)3.665 G(c)-7.165 E F0 1.165(runs the last command be)3.665 F 1.166 +(ginning with)-.15 F F4(cc)3.666 E F0 1.166(and typing)3.666 F F4(r) +3.666 E F0(re-e)3.666 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.166(cutes the last com-).15 F (mand.)144 631.2 Q .142(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 655.2 R .142(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142 (lid option is encountered or).25 F F2<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322 -E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .455(specify history lines out of range.)144 667.2 +E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .454(specify history lines out of range.)144 667.2 R .454(If the)5.454 F F12.954 E F0 .454 -(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .454(alue is the v)-.25 F .454 -(alue of the)-.25 F .787(last command e)144 679.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787 -(cuted or f).15 F .788 +(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .455(alue is the v)-.25 F .455 +(alue of the)-.25 F .788(last command e)144 679.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 +(cuted or f).15 F .787 (ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F -.788(If the)5.788 F 1.136 +.787(If the)5.787 F 1.135 (second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144 -691.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135 -(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 703.2 Q +691.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.136(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.836 E F0 1.136 +(does not)4.406 F(specify a v)144 703.2 Q (alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F1(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E (ailure.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(63)199.835 E 0 Cg EP @@ -7687,85 +7689,85 @@ BP /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(fg)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(jobspec)A F0(])A -(Resume)144 96 Q F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.223 F 1.413 +(Resume)144 96 Q F2(jobspec)5.654 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.224 F 1.413 (ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413 (he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 -1.414(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 108 Q 3.117(sn)-.55 G .617 -(otion of the)-3.117 F F2(curr)3.117 E .617(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617 -(is used.)3.117 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .616 -(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 120 Q .362 -(ground, or f)-.15 F .362(ailure if run when job control is disabled or) --.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .363(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F +1.413(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 108 Q 3.116(sn)-.55 G .616 +(otion of the)-3.116 F F2(curr)3.116 E .616(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617 +(is used.)3.116 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .617 +(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 120 Q .363 +(ground, or f)-.15 F .363(ailure if run when job control is disabled or) +-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .362(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F2(jobspec)145.74 132 Q F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job or)-.25 E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(speci\214es a job that w)2.81 E (as started without job control.)-.1 E F1(getopts)108 148.8 Q F2 (optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(gs)-.37 E F0(])A F1(getopts)144 160.8 Q F0 .793 -(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.294 F F2 -(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .149 -(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 172.8 R .15 -(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .15(xpected to ha)-.15 F .45 --.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 184.8 Q .579 -(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .578 +(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F2 +(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .15 +(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 172.8 R .149 +(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .149(xpected to ha)-.15 F .449 +-.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 184.8 Q .578 +(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .579 (The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665 (acters may not be used as option characters.)144 196.8 R 1.665 (Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F1(getopts) -4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .797 -(option in the shell v)144 208.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)3.297 E F0 -3.297(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.297 E F2(name)3.657 E F0 .797 -(if it does not e)3.477 F .796(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.296(xo)-.15 G -3.296(ft)-3.296 G .796(he ne)-3.296 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 220.8 Q .085 +4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .796 +(option in the shell v)144 208.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)3.296 E F0 +3.296(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.296 E F2(name)3.657 E F0 .797 +(if it does not e)3.477 F .797(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.297(xo)-.15 G +3.297(ft)-3.297 G .797(he ne)-3.297 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 220.8 Q .085 (gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9 /Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTIND)2.585 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F3(OPTIND) -4.585 E F0 .085(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .846 +4.585 E F0 .085(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .845 (or a shell script is in)144 232.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345 (d. When).1 F .845(an option requires an ar)3.345 F(gument,)-.18 E F1 -(getopts)3.345 E F0 .845(places that ar)3.345 F(gument)-.18 E .803 -(into the v)144 244.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPT)3.303 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A -F0 .803(The shell does not reset)5.303 F F3(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .804 -(automatically; it must be manually)3.054 F .294 +(getopts)3.346 E F0 .846(places that ar)3.346 F(gument)-.18 E .804 +(into the v)144 244.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPT)3.304 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A +F0 .803(The shell does not reset)5.304 F F3(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .803 +(automatically; it must be manually)3.053 F .293 (reset between multiple calls to)144 256.8 R F1(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293 (within the same shell in)2.793 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .293(cation if a ne).2 F -2.793(ws)-.25 G .293(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 268.8 -Q 2.043(When the end of options is encountered,)144 292.8 R F1(getopts) -4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.044 +2.793(ws)-.25 G .294(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 268.8 +Q 2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)144 292.8 R F1(getopts) +4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.043 (alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F3(OPTIND)144 304.8 Q F0 (is set to the inde)2.25 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G (he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 -(is set to ?.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 328.8 Q F0 2.393 -(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.893 F 2.392 -(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.392(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.892 -(ni).15 G(n)-4.892 E F2(ar)4.892 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F1(getopts)144 -340.8 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 364.8 Q F0 1.165 -(can report errors in tw)3.665 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F -1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F2(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.166 -(is a colon,)3.886 F F2(silent)4.006 E F0(error)4.346 E 1.071 +(is set to ?.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 328.8 Q F0 2.392 +(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.892 F 2.392 +(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.393(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.893 +(ni).15 G(n)-4.893 E F2(ar)4.893 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F1(getopts)144 +340.8 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 364.8 Q F0 1.166 +(can report errors in tw)3.666 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F +1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F2(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.165 +(is a colon,)3.885 F F2(silent)4.005 E F0(error)4.345 E 1.07 (reporting is used.)144 376.8 R 1.071 -(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.071 F --.25(va)-.4 G 1.07(lid options or).25 F .393(missing option ar)144 388.8 -R .393(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F(ariable) --.25 E F3(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F -(will be displayed, e)144 400.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft) --2.5 G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E F2(optstring)2.73 E F0 -(is not a colon.)2.72 E .667(If an in)144 424.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G .667 -(lid option is seen,).25 F F1(getopts)3.167 E F0 .667(places ? into) -3.167 F F2(name)3.527 E F0 .666 -(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .399(and unsets)144 -436.8 R F3(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F1(getopts)2.899 -E F0 .399(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F3 -(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .4(and no)2.65 F -(diagnostic message is printed.)144 448.8 Q 1.242(If a required ar)144 -472.8 R 1.242(gument is not found, and)-.18 F F1(getopts)3.741 E F0 -1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F1(?).833 E F0 3.741 -(\)i).833 G 3.741(sp)-3.741 G 1.241(laced in)-3.741 F F2(name)144 484.8 -Q F0(,).18 E F3(OPT)2.734 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .234 -(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.484 F(If)5.234 E F1 -(getopts)2.734 E F0 .235(is silent, then a colon \()2.734 F F1(:).833 E +(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.07 F +-.25(va)-.4 G 1.071(lid options or).25 F .394(missing option ar)144 +388.8 R .394(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F +(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394 +(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F(will be displayed, e)144 400.8 Q +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E +F2(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.)2.72 E .666(If an in)144 424.8 R +-.25(va)-.4 G .666(lid option is seen,).25 F F1(getopts)3.166 E F0 .667 +(places ? into)3.167 F F2(name)3.527 E F0 .667 +(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .4(and unsets)144 +436.8 R F3(OPT)2.9 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F1(getopts)2.899 E +F0 .399(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F3 +(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .399(and no)2.649 F +(diagnostic message is printed.)144 448.8 Q 1.241(If a required ar)144 +472.8 R 1.241(gument is not found, and)-.18 F F1(getopts)3.741 E F0 +1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F1(?).833 E F0 3.742 +(\)i).833 G 3.742(sp)-3.742 G 1.242(laced in)-3.742 F F2(name)144 484.8 +Q F0(,).18 E F3(OPT)2.735 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .234 +(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.485 F(If)5.234 E F1 +(getopts)2.734 E F0 .234(is silent, then a colon \()2.734 F F1(:).833 E F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 496.8 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 E F3 (OPT)2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25 E F1 (getopts)144 520.8 Q F0 .902 (returns true if an option, speci\214ed or unspeci\214ed, is found.) -3.402 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .901(alse if the end of)-.1 F +3.401 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .902(alse if the end of)-.1 F (options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 532.8 Q F1(hash)108 549.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lr)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(\214lename) 2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dt)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A @@ -7774,35 +7776,35 @@ F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 496.8 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 E F3 3.718 E F0 .858(is determined by searching)3.538 F .956 (the directories in)144 573.6 R F1($P)3.456 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 .956(and remembered.)3.456 F(An)5.956 E 3.456(yp)-.15 G(re)-3.456 E .956 -(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .242(If the)144 585.6 -R F12.742 E F0 .243 -(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.742 F F2 -(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .243(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F 1.712 -(of the command.)144 597.6 R(The)6.712 E F14.212 E F0 1.711 -(option causes the shell to for)4.212 F 1.711 -(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)6.711 E F14.211 E F0 +(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .243(If the)144 585.6 +R F12.743 E F0 .243 +(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.743 F F2 +(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .242(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F 1.711 +(of the command.)144 597.6 R(The)6.711 E F14.211 E F0 1.711 +(option causes the shell to for)4.211 F 1.712 +(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)6.712 E F14.212 E F0 .833(option causes the shell to for)144 609.6 R .833 (get the remembered location of each)-.18 F F2(name)3.333 E F0 5.833(.I) C 3.333(ft)-5.833 G(he)-3.333 E F13.333 E F0 .833(option is sup-) -3.333 F .704(plied, the full pathname to which each)144 621.6 R F2(name) -3.204 E F0 .703(corresponds is printed.)3.204 F .703(If multiple)5.703 F -F2(name)3.203 E F0(ar)3.203 E(guments)-.18 E .795(are supplied with)144 +3.333 F .703(plied, the full pathname to which each)144 621.6 R F2(name) +3.204 E F0 .704(corresponds is printed.)3.204 F .704(If multiple)5.704 F +F2(name)3.204 E F0(ar)3.204 E(guments)-.18 E .795(are supplied with)144 633.6 R F13.295 E F0 3.295(,t)C(he)-3.295 E F2(name)3.295 E F0 .795(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)3.295 F(The)5.795 E F1 3.295 E F0 .795(option causes)3.295 F .934 (output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 -645.6 R .934(If no ar)5.934 F .934(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.934(n, or if).15 F(only)144 657.6 Q F12.821 E F0 .321 -(is supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)2.821 F -.322(The return status is true)5.322 F(unless a)144 669.6 Q F2(name)2.86 +645.6 R .934(If no ar)5.934 F .935(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +.935(n, or if).15 F(only)144 657.6 Q F12.822 E F0 .322 +(is supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)2.822 F +.321(The return status is true)5.321 F(unless a)144 669.6 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(is not found or an in)2.68 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is supplied.) .25 E F1(help)108 686.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2 -(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .867(Display helpful information about b)144 +(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .866(Display helpful information about b)144 698.4 R .867(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F2(pattern)4.617 E F0 -.866(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F1(help)3.366 E F0(gi)3.366 E -.15(ve)-.25 -G 3.366(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.366 E .306(help on all commands matching)144 -710.4 R F2(pattern)2.806 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307 -(therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .307 +.867(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F1(help)3.367 E F0(gi)3.367 E -.15(ve)-.25 +G 3.367(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.367 E .307(help on all commands matching)144 +710.4 R F2(pattern)2.807 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307 +(therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .306 (uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 722.4 Q (GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(64)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 65 65 @@ -7826,13 +7828,13 @@ F0(The return status is 0 unless no command matches)144 124.8 Q F2 -.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144 225.6 S .752 (th no options, display the command history list with line numbers.).4 F -.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F1(*)3.251 E F0(ha)3.251 E -.15(ve)-.2 -G .38(been modi\214ed.)144 237.6 R .38(An ar)5.38 F .38(gument of)-.18 F -F2(n)3.24 E F0 .38(lists only the last)3.12 F F2(n)3.24 E F0 2.88 +.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F1(*)3.252 E F0(ha)3.252 E -.15(ve)-.2 +G .381(been modi\214ed.)144 237.6 R .38(An ar)5.38 F .38(gument of)-.18 +F F2(n)3.24 E F0 .38(lists only the last)3.12 F F2(n)3.24 E F0 2.88 (lines. If)3.12 F .38(the shell v)2.88 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTTIMEFOR-)2.881 E(MA)144 249.6 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .265 -(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.515 F F2 -(strftime)2.764 E F0 .264(\(3\) to display the time stamp asso-)B 1.019 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTTIMEFOR-)2.88 E(MA)144 249.6 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .264 +(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.514 F F2 +(strftime)2.765 E F0 .265(\(3\) to display the time stamp asso-)B 1.02 (ciated with each displayed history entry)144 261.6 R 6.019(.N)-.65 G 3.519(oi)-6.019 G(nterv)-3.519 E 1.019 (ening blank is printed between the formatted)-.15 F .176 @@ -7843,74 +7845,74 @@ F2(n)3.24 E F0 .38(lists only the last)3.12 F F2(n)3.24 E F0 2.88 2.25 E(Options, if supplied, ha)5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E (wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 297.6 Q F0 (Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)180 297.6 Q F1 -144 309.6 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .389 +144 309.6 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .39 (Delete the history entry at position)180 321.6 R F2(of)2.889 E(fset) -.18 E F0 5.389(.I)C(f)-5.389 E F2(of)2.889 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .389(is ne) -2.889 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.89(,i).15 G 2.89(ti) --2.89 G 2.89(si)-2.89 G .39(nterpreted as relati)-2.89 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.599(to one greater than the last history position, so ne)180 333.6 R --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .899 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .598 +2.889 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.889(,i).15 G 2.889(ti) +-2.889 G 2.889(si)-2.889 G .389(nterpreted as relati)-2.889 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G .598(to one greater than the last history position, so ne)180 +333.6 R -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .899 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .599 (ndices count back from the end).15 F(of the history)180 345.6 Q 2.5(,a) -.65 G(nd an inde)-2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5<66ad>-2.5 G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G (efers to the current)-2.5 E F1(history -d)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1 -144 357.6 Q F2(start)2.5 E F0A F2(end)A F0 .757 -(Delete the history entries between positions)180 369.6 R F2(start)3.257 -E F0(and)3.258 E F2(end)3.258 E F0 3.258(,i)C(nclusi)-3.258 E -.15(ve) --.25 G 5.758(.P).15 G(ositi)-5.758 E 1.058 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .758(nd ne) +144 357.6 Q F2(start)2.5 E F0A F2(end)A F0 .758 +(Delete the history entries between positions)180 369.6 R F2(start)3.258 +E F0(and)3.257 E F2(end)3.257 E F0 3.257(,i)C(nclusi)-3.257 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G 5.757(.P).15 G(ositi)-5.757 E 1.057 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .757(nd ne) .15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(-).05 E(ti)180 381.6 Q .3 -.15(ve v)-.25 H (alues for)-.1 E F2(start)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(end)2.5 E F0 (are interpreted as described abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1 -144 393.6 Q F0 .565(Append the `)180 393.6 R(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.065 -('h)-.74 G .564(istory lines to the history \214le.)-3.065 F .564 +144 393.6 Q F0 .564(Append the `)180 393.6 R(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.064 +('h)-.74 G .564(istory lines to the history \214le.)-3.064 F .565 (These are history lines entered since)5.564 F(the be)180 405.6 Q (ginning of the current)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(session, b)2.5 E (ut not already appended to the history \214le.)-.2 E F1144 417.6 Q F0 .854(Read the history lines not already read from the history \214\ -le into the current history list.)180 417.6 R .773 +le into the current history list.)180 417.6 R .772 (These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 429.6 R -.772(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.272 E F0(ses-)3.272 E +.773(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.273 E F0(ses-)3.273 E (sion.)180 441.6 Q F1144 453.6 Q F0(Read the contents of the hist\ ory \214le and append them to the current history list.)180 453.6 Q F1 144 465.6 Q F0 (Write the current history list to the history \214le, o)180 465.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the history \214le').15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G -(ontents.)-2.5 E F1144 477.6 Q F0 .625 +(ontents.)-2.5 E F1144 477.6 Q F0 .626 (Perform history substitution on the follo)180 477.6 R(wing)-.25 E F2 -(ar)3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .626(and display the result on the standard) +(ar)3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .625(and display the result on the standard) 3.125 F 2.975(output. Does)180 489.6 R .475 (not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475 E F2(ar) 2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F (normal history e)180 501.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1144 513.6 Q F0 -.362(Store the)180 513.6 R F2(ar)3.192 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363 -(in the history list as a single entry)3.132 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .363 +.363(Store the)180 513.6 R F2(ar)3.193 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363 +(in the history list as a single entry)3.133 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .362 (he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 525.6 Q -.15 (ve)-.15 G 2.5(db).15 G(efore the)-2.5 E F2(ar)2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0 -(are added.)2.77 E .146(If the)144 542.4 R F3(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T) +(are added.)2.77 E .145(If the)144 542.4 R F3(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T) -.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.395 G .145 (riable is set, the time stamp information associated with each history) -.25 F .668(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 554.4 R .669 -(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.669(.W)-.55 G .669 -(hen the history)-5.669 F .956(\214le is read, lines be)144 566.4 R .956 -(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .955 -(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F 1.795 +.25 F .669(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 554.4 R .669 +(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.668(.W)-.55 G .668 +(hen the history)-5.668 F .955(\214le is read, lines be)144 566.4 R .956 +(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .956 +(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F 1.796 (are interpreted as timestamps for the follo)144 578.4 R 1.795 (wing history entry)-.25 F 6.795(.T)-.65 G 1.795(he return v)-6.795 F -1.796(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(in)144 590.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G .768(lid \ +1.795(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(in)144 590.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G .768(lid \ option is encountered, an error occurs while reading or writing the his\ tory \214le, an in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)144 602.4 Q(fset) --.18 E F0 1.031(is supplied as an ar)3.531 F 1.031(gument to)-.18 F F1 +-.18 E F0 1.032(is supplied as an ar)3.532 F 1.031(gument to)-.18 F F1 3.531 E F0 3.531(,o)C 3.531(rt)-3.531 G 1.031(he history e)-3.531 -F 1.031(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 F 1.032(gument to)-.18 F F1 -3.532 E F0 -.1(fa)144 614.4 S(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)108 631.2 Q F0([) +F 1.031(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 F 1.031(gument to)-.18 F F1 +3.531 E F0 -.1(fa)144 614.4 S(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)108 631.2 Q F0([) 2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 E F1 (jobs \255x)108 643.2 Q F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 655.2 Q .3 -.15 (ve j)-.25 H 2.5(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H (he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 667.2 Q F0 (List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)180 667.2 Q F1 -144 679.2 Q F0 .194(Display information only about jobs that ha) -180 679.2 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 -F .193(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 691.2 Q F1 +144 679.2 Q F0 .193(Display information only about jobs that ha) +180 679.2 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .194(hanged status since the user w).15 +F .194(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 691.2 Q F1 144 703.2 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')180 703.2 Q 2.5(sp) -.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1144 715.2 Q F0 (Display only running jobs.)180 715.2 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q @@ -7922,73 +7924,73 @@ BP /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF144 84 Q F0(Display only stopped jobs.)180 84 Q(If)144 100.8 Q -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(jobspec)4.553 E F0 .313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve) --.25 G .313(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F -5.314(.T)-.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 +/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(jobspec)4.554 E F0 .314(is gi)3.124 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G .314(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F +5.313(.T)-.4 G .313(he return status is 0 unless)-5.313 F(an in)144 112.8 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va) --.4 G(lid).25 E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 -129.6 R F12.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs) +-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .394(If the)144 +129.6 R F12.894 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs) 2.894 E F0 .394(replaces an)2.894 F(y)-.15 E F2(jobspec)4.634 E F0 .394 (found in)3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 -E F0 .394(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 +E F0 .395(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 141.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.) -.15 E F1(kill)108 158.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|) 2.5 E F12.5 E F2(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F12.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..) -2.5 E F1(kill \255l)108 170.4 Q F0(|)A F1A F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec) -A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .119 -(Send the signal named by)144 182.4 R F2(sigspec)2.959 E F0(or)2.929 E -F2(signum)2.959 E F0 .119(to the processes named by)2.939 F F2(pid)3.87 -E F0(or)3.39 E F2(jobspec)2.62 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.46 E F0(is)2.93 -E .319(either a case-insensiti)144 194.4 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319 -(ignal name such as).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 .318 -(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318 -(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 206.4 Q F2(signum)4.188 E F0 -1.349(is a signal number)4.168 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F2(sigspec) +A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .12 +(Send the signal named by)144 182.4 R F2(sigspec)2.96 E F0(or)2.93 E F2 +(signum)2.96 E F0 .119(to the processes named by)2.939 F F2(pid)3.869 E +F0(or)3.389 E F2(jobspec)2.619 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.459 E F0(is) +2.929 E .318(either a case-insensiti)144 194.4 R .618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H +.318(ignal name such as).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGKILL)2.818 E F0 +.319(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.819 E F0 .319 +(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.569 F(number;)144 206.4 Q F2(signum)4.189 E F0 +1.349(is a signal number)4.169 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F2(sigspec) 4.189 E F0 1.349(is not present, then)4.159 F F3(SIGTERM)3.849 E F0 -1.349(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.349 E(ar)144 218.4 Q .523(gument of)-.18 +1.348(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.348 E(ar)144 218.4 Q .522(gument of)-.18 F F13.023 E F0 .523(lists the signal names.)3.023 F .523(If an) 5.523 F 3.023(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.023 G .523(uments are supplied when) .18 F F13.023 E F0 .523(is gi)3.023 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .523 (n, the names).15 F .28(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 230.4 R .28(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E -F2 -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 242.4 Q .378(gument to)-.18 F -F12.878 E F0 .378 -(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.878 F .377 -(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .962(nated by a signal.)144 254.4 +F2 -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 242.4 Q .377(gument to)-.18 F +F12.877 E F0 .378 +(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.877 F .378 +(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .963(nated by a signal.)144 254.4 R(The)5.962 E F13.462 E F0 .962(option is equi)3.462 F -.25(va) -.25 G .962(lent to).25 F F13.462 E F0(.)A F1(kill)5.962 E F0 .962 (returns true if at least one signal w)3.462 F(as)-.1 E (successfully sent, or f)144 266.4 Q(alse if an error occurs or an in) -.1 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 E F1(let)108 283.2 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Each)144 -295.2 Q F2(ar)3.027 E(g)-.37 E F0 .197(is an arithmetic e)2.917 F .197 -(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .196(luated \(see).25 F F3 .196 -(ARITHMETIC EV)2.696 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo) -2.446 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(\). If).15 F(the last)144 307.2 Q F2(ar) +295.2 Q F2(ar)3.026 E(g)-.37 E F0 .196(is an arithmetic e)2.916 F .197 +(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .197(luated \(see).25 F F3 .197 +(ARITHMETIC EV)2.697 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo) +2.447 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.697(\). If).15 F(the last)144 307.2 Q F2(ar) 2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)2.72 G(luates to 0,).25 E F1(let)2.5 E F0 (returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F1(local)108 324 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C (.. | \255 ])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 336 S 2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06(ariable named)-.25 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 .06(is created, and assigned)2.74 F F2(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he) --5.06 E F2(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 348 Q 3.153(yo)-.15 -G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F1(declar)3.153 -E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .652 +-5.06 E F2(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 348 Q 3.152(yo)-.15 +G 3.152(ft)-3.152 G .652(he options accepted by)-3.152 F F1(declar)3.152 +E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .653 (is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144 -360 Q F2(name)3.281 E F0 .421(to ha)3.101 F .721 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .422 +360 Q F2(name)3.282 E F0 .422(to ha)3.102 F .722 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .422 (isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F(If) -5.422 E F2(name)2.922 E F0 .422(is \255, the set)2.922 F 1.461 +5.421 E F2(name)2.921 E F0 .421(is \255, the set)2.921 F 1.461 (of shell options is made local to the function in which)144 372 R F1 -(local)3.961 E F0 1.461(is in)3.961 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 1.461 -(d: shell options changed).1 F 1.562(using the)144 384 R F1(set)4.062 E -F0 -.2(bu)4.062 G 1.563 -(iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.563 -(alues when the function)-.25 F 3.744(returns. W)144 396 R 1.244 -(ith no operands,)-.4 F F1(local)3.744 E F0 1.244 -(writes a list of local v)3.744 F 1.243 -(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.243(It is an)6.243 F .42 +(local)3.961 E F0 1.462(is in)3.961 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 1.462 +(d: shell options changed).1 F 1.563(using the)144 384 R F1(set)4.063 E +F0 -.2(bu)4.063 G 1.563 +(iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.562 +(alues when the function)-.25 F 3.743(returns. W)144 396 R 1.243 +(ith no operands,)-.4 F F1(local)3.743 E F0 1.243 +(writes a list of local v)3.743 F 1.244 +(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.244(It is an)6.244 F .42 (error to use)144 408 R F1(local)2.92 E F0 .42 (when not within a function.)2.92 F .42(The return status is 0 unless) 5.42 F F1(local)2.92 E F0 .42(is used outside a)2.92 F(function, an in) @@ -8006,17 +8008,17 @@ F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E (count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2 (fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][) C F1-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(])A .18(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 477.6 R +(])A .179(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 477.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.679(da).15 G .179(rray v)-2.679 F(ariable)-.25 E F2 -(arr)2.679 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.679(,o).32 G 2.679(rf)-2.679 G .179 -(rom \214le descriptor)-2.679 F F2(fd)4.649 E F0 1.248(if the)144 489.6 -R F13.748 E F0 1.248(option is supplied.)3.748 F 1.249(The v)6.249 -F(ariable)-.25 E F3(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 -E F2(arr)3.749 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.249(.O)C 1.249(ptions, if supplied,) --6.249 F(ha)144 501.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 513.6 Q F0 .911 -(The \214rst character of)180 513.6 R F2(delim)3.411 E F0 .911 -(is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)3.411 F 3.41 +(arr)2.68 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.68(,o).32 G 2.68(rf)-2.68 G .18 +(rom \214le descriptor)-2.68 F F2(fd)4.65 E F0 1.249(if the)144 489.6 R +F13.749 E F0 1.249(option is supplied.)3.749 F 1.249(The v)6.249 F +(ariable)-.25 E F3(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 +E F2(arr)3.748 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.248(.O)C 1.248(ptions, if supplied,) +-6.248 F(ha)144 501.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 513.6 Q F0 .91 +(The \214rst character of)180 513.6 R F2(delim)3.41 E F0 .911 +(is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)3.41 F 3.411 (wline. If)-.25 F F2(delim)180 525.6 Q F0(is the empty string,)2.5 E F1 (map\214le)2.5 E F0(will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character) 2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1144 537.6 Q F0(Cop)180 537.6 Q 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5 @@ -8035,23 +8037,23 @@ E F2(delim)2.5 E F0(\(def)2.5 E(ault ne)-.1 E (quantum)2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F12.5 E F0 (option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F1144 609.6 Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 609.6 Q -F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 626.4 Q F12.967 E F0 +F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 626.4 Q F12.968 E F0 .467(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F12.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467 (he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F2 (callbac)2.967 E(k)-.2 E F0 .467(is e)2.967 F -.25(va)-.25 G .467 -(luated, it is sup-).25 F .262(plied the inde)144 638.4 R 2.762(xo)-.15 -G 2.762(ft)-2.762 G .262(he ne)-2.762 F .261(xt array element to be ass\ -igned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .274 -(as additional ar)144 650.4 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.274 E(k)-.2 E -F0 .274(is e)2.774 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274 -(luated after the line is read b).25 F .275 +(luated, it is sup-).25 F .261(plied the inde)144 638.4 R 2.761(xo)-.15 +G 2.761(ft)-2.761 G .261(he ne)-2.761 F .262(xt array element to be ass\ +igned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .275 +(as additional ar)144 650.4 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.275 E(k)-.2 E +F0 .275(is e)2.775 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274 +(luated after the line is read b).25 F .274 (ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 662.4 Q (If not supplied with an e)144 679.2 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1 (map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 696 Q F0 1.906 -(returns successfully unless an in)4.406 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.905 -(lid option or option ar).25 F 1.905(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F2(arr) -4.405 E(ay)-.15 E F0(is)4.405 E(in)144 708 Q -.25(va)-.4 G +(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 696 Q F0 1.905 +(returns successfully unless an in)4.405 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.905 +(lid option or option ar).25 F 1.906(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F2(arr) +4.406 E(ay)-.15 E F0(is)4.406 E(in)144 708 Q -.25(va)-.4 G (lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 (is not an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E (GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(66)199.835 E 0 Cg EP @@ -8063,15 +8065,15 @@ BP (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(popd)108 84 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E/F2 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 2.5(][)C-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 96 Q --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(se).15 G .299(ntries from the directory stack.) --2.799 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299(th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 G .3(he top directory from the)-2.799 F -1.479(stack, and performs a)144 108 R F1(cd)3.979 E F0 1.479(to the ne) -3.979 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18 -(rg)-6.479 G 1.478(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.778 -.15(ve t)-.2 H -1.478(he follo).15 F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 120 Q F1144 132 Q -F0 .551(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)180 132 R -.551(ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(se).15 G .3(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.8 F +-.4(Wi)5.299 G .299(th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 +G 2.799(st).15 G .299(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.478 +(stack, and performs a)144 108 R F1(cd)3.978 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.978 +F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg) +-6.479 G 1.479(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.779 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.479 +(he follo).15 F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 120 Q F1144 132 Q F0 +.551(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)180 132 R .551 +(ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F (that only the stack is manipulated.)180 144 Q F1(+)144 156 Q F2(n)A F0 (Remo)180 156 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F2(n)2.64 E F0 .14(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25 F @@ -8079,89 +8081,89 @@ F1(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero.)-2.64 F -.15(Fo)180 168 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0 (remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he \214rst directory)-2.5 E(,) -.65 E F3(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F1144 180 Q F2(n)A F0 -(Remo)180 180 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.759(st).15 G(he)-3.759 E F2(n)3.759 E -F0 1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.26(wn by) --.25 F F1(dirs)3.76 E F0 3.76(,s)C 1.26(tarting with)-3.76 F 2.5 +(Remo)180 180 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76 E F2(n)3.76 E F0 +1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.259(wn by) +-.25 F F1(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)-3.759 F 2.5 (zero. F)180 192 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F3(popd -0)2.5 E F0(remo) 2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 E F3 -(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .644(If the)144 208.8 -R F1(popd)3.144 E F0 .644(command is successful, a)3.144 F F1(dirs)3.143 -E F0 .643(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.)3.143 F F1 -(popd)5.643 E F0 .415(returns f)144 220.8 R .415(alse if an in)-.1 F +(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .643(If the)144 208.8 +R F1(popd)3.143 E F0 .643(command is successful, a)3.143 F F1(dirs)3.143 +E F0 .644(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.)3.143 F F1 +(popd)5.644 E F0 .416(returns f)144 220.8 R .416(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .415 -(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.916 -(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.916 E .416(xistent direc-)-.15 F +(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.915 +(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.915 E .415(xistent direc-)-.15 F (tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 232.8 Q (ails.)-.1 E F1(printf)108 249.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(var)2.5 E F0 -(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.437 -(Write the formatted)144 261.6 R F2(ar)3.937 E(guments)-.37 E F0 1.437 -(to the standard output under the control of the)3.937 F F2(format)3.936 -E F0 6.436(.T)C(he)-6.436 E F13.936 E F0 .126 +(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.436 +(Write the formatted)144 261.6 R F2(ar)3.936 E(guments)-.37 E F0 1.437 +(to the standard output under the control of the)3.936 F F2(format)3.937 +E F0 6.437(.T)C(he)-6.437 E F13.937 E F0 .126 (option causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 273.6 R(ariable) -.25 E F2(var)2.626 E F0 .126(rather than being printed to the standard) -2.626 F(output.)144 285.6 Q(The)144 309.6 Q F2(format)3.018 E F0 .517(i\ +2.626 F(output.)144 285.6 Q(The)144 309.6 Q F2(format)3.017 E F0 .517(i\ s a character string which contains three types of objects: plain chara\ -cters, which are)3.018 F .704(simply copied to standard output, charact\ -er escape sequences, which are con)144 321.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .704 +cters, which are)3.017 F .704(simply copied to standard output, charact\ +er escape sequences, which are con)144 321.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .703 (rted and copied to).15 F .036(the standard output, and format speci\ -\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 333.6 R .036 +\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 333.6 R .037 (xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(ar)144 345.6 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 -5.531(.I)C 3.031(na)-5.531 G .531(ddition to the standard)-3.031 F F2 -(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.032 -E F0 .532(interprets the follo)3.032 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 357.6 Q +5.532(.I)C 3.032(na)-5.532 G .532(ddition to the standard)-3.032 F F2 +(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.031 +E F0 .531(interprets the follo)3.031 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 357.6 Q (xtensions:)-.15 E F1(%b)144 369.6 Q F0(causes)180 369.6 Q F1(printf) -2.596 E F0 .096(to e)2.596 F .096 +2.595 E F0 .096(to e)2.595 F .096 (xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F F2(ar) -2.596 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .095(in the)2.595 F(same w)180 381.6 Q(ay as) +2.596 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .096(in the)2.596 F(same w)180 381.6 Q(ay as) -.1 E F1(echo \255e)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%q)144 393.6 Q F0(causes)180 393.6 Q F1(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F2(ar)2.51 E (gument)-.37 E F0 .01(in a format that can be reused as shell)2.51 F (input.)180 405.6 Q F1(%\()144 417.6 Q F2(datefmt)A F1(\)T)A F0(causes) -180 429.6 Q F1(printf)4.404 E F0 1.904 -(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.404 F F2(datefmt) -4.404 E F0 1.903(as a format)4.404 F .38(string for)180 441.6 R F2 +180 429.6 Q F1(printf)4.403 E F0 1.904 +(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.403 F F2(datefmt) +4.404 E F0 1.904(as a format)4.404 F .381(string for)180 441.6 R F2 (strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F2(ar) 2.881 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .381(is an inte)2.881 F .381 -(ger representing the number)-.15 F .293(of seconds since the epoch.)180 +(ger representing the number)-.15 F .292(of seconds since the epoch.)180 453.6 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.293 H .293(special ar)3.593 F .293(gument v)-.18 F -.293(alues may be used: \2551 represents the)-.25 F .693 +.293(alues may be used: \2551 represents the)-.25 F .694 (current time, and \2552 represents the time the shell w)180 465.6 R -.693(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.194(d. If).1 F .694(no ar) -3.194 F .694(gument is speci-)-.18 F .21(\214ed, con)180 477.6 R -.15 +.693(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.193(d. If).1 F .693(no ar) +3.193 F .693(gument is speci-)-.18 F .21(\214ed, con)180 477.6 R -.15 (ve)-.4 G .21(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.71(sa).15 G 2.71(si)-2.71 G 2.71<66ad>-2.71 G 2.71(1h)-2.71 G .21(ad been gi)-2.71 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.71(n. This).15 F .21(is an e)2.71 F .21(xception to the usual)-.15 F F1(printf)2.71 E F0(beha)180 489.6 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E(Ar)144 506.4 Q -.463(guments to non-string format speci\214ers are treated as C constan\ -ts, e)-.18 F .464(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.259 +.464(guments to non-string format speci\214ers are treated as C constan\ +ts, e)-.18 F .463(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.258 (minus sign is allo)144 518.4 R 1.259 (wed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote, the v) --.25 F 1.258(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 530.4 Q(alue of the follo) --.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 547.2 Q F2(format)3.423 E -F0 .923(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.423 F F2(ar)3.423 +-.25 F 1.259(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 530.4 Q(alue of the follo) +-.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 547.2 Q F2(format)3.424 E +F0 .923(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.424 F F2(ar)3.423 E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F2(format) -3.423 E F0 .924(requires more)3.424 F F2(ar)144 559.2 Q(guments)-.37 E -F0 .033(than are supplied, the e)2.534 F .033 +3.423 E F0 .923(requires more)3.423 F F2(ar)144 559.2 Q(guments)-.37 E +F0 .033(than are supplied, the e)2.533 F .033 (xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .333 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.533(si) -.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .033(alue or null string,) +.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .034(alue or null string,) -.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 571.2 Q(The return v)5 E (alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F1(pushd) 108 588 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C -2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108 600 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5 -(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the dire\ -ctory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 612 R 3.14(wt)-.25 -G .64(op of the)-3.14 F .417(stack the current w)144 624 R .416 +(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .64(Adds a directory to the top of the direc\ +tory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 612 R 3.139(wt)-.25 +G .639(op of the)-3.139 F .416(stack the current w)144 624 R .416 (orking directory)-.1 F 5.416(.W)-.65 G .416(ith no ar)-5.816 F (guments,)-.18 E F1(pushd)2.916 E F0 -.15(ex)2.916 G .416 -(changes the top tw).15 F 2.916(od)-.1 G(irectories)-2.916 E 1.625 +(changes the top tw).15 F 2.917(od)-.1 G(irectories)-2.917 E 1.625 (and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 636 R 6.625(.A) -.65 G -.18(rg)-6.625 G 1.625(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.925 -.15 (ve t)-.2 H 1.625(he follo).15 F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 648 Q F1 144 660 Q F0 1.811(Suppresses the normal change of directory when\ rotating or adding directories to the)180 660 R (stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.)180 672 Q F1(+)144 684 Q -F2(n)A F0 1.267(Rotates the stack so that the)180 684 R F2(n)3.767 E F0 -1.268(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.268 +F2(n)A F0 1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)180 684 R F2(n)3.768 E F0 +1.267(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.267 (wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)180 696 Q F0 2.5(,s)C (tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F1144 708 Q F2(n)A F0 .92 (Rotates the stack so that the)180 708 R F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92 @@ -8174,130 +8176,130 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)144.35 84 Q F0(Adds)180 84 Q F1(dir)3.137 E F0 -.287(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.517 F 2.788 -(wc)-.25 G .288(urrent w)-2.788 F .288(orking directory as)-.1 F +/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)144.35 84 Q F0(Adds)180 84 Q F1(dir)3.138 E F0 +.288(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.518 F 2.787 +(wc)-.25 G .287(urrent w)-2.787 F .287(orking directory as)-.1 F (if it had been supplied as the ar)180 96 Q(gument to the)-.18 E/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(cd)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .489(If the)144 -112.8 R F2(pushd)2.989 E F0 .489(command is successful, a)2.989 F F2 -(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488(is performed as well.)2.988 F .488 -(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F F2(pushd)2.988 E F0 1.039 -(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 124.8 R F1(dir)3.889 E F0 -.1(fa)4.269 G -3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 F F2(pushd)3.54 E F0 -1.04(returns 0 unless the directory)3.54 F .847(stack is empty)144 136.8 -R 3.347(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.347 E .847(xistent directory stack element i\ -s speci\214ed, or the directory change to the)-.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144 -148.8 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 -165.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .844 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(cd)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .488(If the)144 +112.8 R F2(pushd)2.988 E F0 .488(command is successful, a)2.988 F F2 +(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488(is performed as well.)2.988 F .489 +(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F F2(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04 +(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 124.8 R F1(dir)3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G +3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 F F2(pushd)3.539 E F0 +1.039(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846(stack is empty)144 +136.8 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent directory stack ele\ +ment is speci\214ed, or the directory change to the)-.15 F +(speci\214ed ne)144 148.8 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E +(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 165.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .845 (Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 177.6 R .845 -(orking directory)-.1 F 5.845(.T)-.65 G .845 -(he pathname printed contains no)-5.845 F .182(symbolic links if the)144 +(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844 +(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144 189.6 R F22.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F2 .181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F2 -(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .181(iltin command is).2 F 3.263 -(enabled. If)144 201.6 R(the)3.263 E F23.263 E F0 .763 -(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.263 -F .764(The return)5.764 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ +(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264 +(enabled. If)144 201.6 R(the)3.264 E F23.264 E F0 .763 +(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264 +F .763(The return)5.763 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 213.6 R -.25(va) -.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 225.6 Q F2 -.18(re)108 242.4 S -(ad).18 E F0([)3.816 E F2(\255ers)A F0 3.816(][)C F2-3.816 E F1 -(aname)3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F2-3.816 E F1(delim)3.816 E F0 3.816 -(][)C F2-3.816 E F1(te)3.816 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.816(][)C F2 --3.816 E F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F2-3.817 E -F1(nc)3.817 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F2-3.817 E F1(pr) -3.817 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.817(][)C F2-3.817 E F1(timeout)3.817 E F0 -3.817(][)C F2-3.817 E F1(fd)3.817 E F0(])A([)108 254.4 Q F1(name)A +(ad).18 E F0([)3.817 E F2(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F2-3.817 E F1 +(aname)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F2-3.817 E F1(delim)3.817 E F0 3.817 +(][)C F2-3.817 E F1(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.817(][)C F2 +-3.817 E F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2-3.816 E +F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2-3.816 E F1(pr) +3.816 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F2-3.816 E F1(timeout)3.816 E F0 +3.816(][)C F2-3.816 E F1(fd)3.816 E F0(])A([)108 254.4 Q F1(name)A F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input, or from th\ e \214le descriptor)144 266.4 R F1(fd)3.016 E F0 .516(supplied as an ar) -3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 278.4 Q F23.847 E F0 1.347 -(option, split into w)3.847 F 1.347(ords as described abo)-.1 F 1.648 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 -.75(Wo)3.848 G 1.348(rd Splitting).75 F -F0 3.848(,a)C 1.348(nd the \214rst w)-3.848 F 1.348(ord is)-.1 F 1.465 +3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 278.4 Q F23.848 E F0 1.348 +(option, split into w)3.848 F 1.348(ords as described abo)-.1 F 1.647 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 -.75(Wo)3.847 G 1.347(rd Splitting).75 F +F0 3.847(,a)C 1.347(nd the \214rst w)-3.847 F 1.347(ord is)-.1 F 1.465 (assigned to the \214rst)144 290.4 R F1(name)3.965 E F0 3.965(,t).18 G 1.465(he second w)-3.965 F 1.465(ord to the second)-.1 F F1(name)3.965 E F0 3.965(,a).18 G 1.465(nd so on.)-3.965 F 1.465(If there are more)6.465 F -.1(wo)144 302.4 S 1.112(rds than names, the remaining w).1 F 1.112 (ords and their interv)-.1 F 1.112 (ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F F1(name)144 314.4 Q F0 -5.723(.I).18 G 3.223(ft)-5.723 G .723(here are fe)-3.223 F .723(wer w) --.25 F .722 +5.722(.I).18 G 3.222(ft)-5.722 G .722(here are fe)-3.222 F .722(wer w) +-.25 F .723 (ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names are)-.1 -F .531(assigned empty v)144 326.4 R 3.031(alues. The)-.25 F .531 -(characters in)3.031 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.031 E F0 .532 -(are used to split the line into w)2.781 F .532(ords using the same)-.1 +F .532(assigned empty v)144 326.4 R 3.032(alues. The)-.25 F .532 +(characters in)3.032 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.032 E F0 .531 +(are used to split the line into w)2.782 F .531(ords using the same)-.1 F .197(rules the shell uses for e)144 338.4 R .197 (xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F .497 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 --.75(Wo)2.697 G .197(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.697(\). The)B .196 -(backslash charac-)2.697 F .156(ter \()144 350.4 R F2(\\)A F0 2.656(\)m) -C .156(ay be used to remo)-2.656 F .457 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .457 -.15(ny s) -.15 H .157(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .157 +-.75(Wo)2.697 G .197(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.697(\). The)B .197 +(backslash charac-)2.697 F .157(ter \()144 350.4 R F2(\\)A F0 2.657(\)m) +C .157(ay be used to remo)-2.657 F .457 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .457 -.15(ny s) +.15 H .157(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .156 (xt character read and for line continu-)-.15 F 2.5(ation. Options,)144 362.4 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2144 374.4 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w) -180 386.4 R 1.049 +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2144 374.4 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.049 +(The w)180 386.4 R 1.049 (ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable) --.25 E F1(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F -F1(aname)180.33 398.4 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 --.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F1(name)2.5 E F0 -(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F2144 410.4 Q F1(delim)2.5 E -F0 1.317(The \214rst character of)180 422.4 R F1(delim)3.817 E F0 1.317 -(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)3.817 F 3.818 +-.25 E F1(aname)3.55 E F0 3.55(,s).18 G 1.05(tarting at 0.)-3.55 F F1 +(aname)180.33 398.4 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25 +(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F1(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 +E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F2144 410.4 Q F1(delim)2.5 E F0 +1.318(The \214rst character of)180 422.4 R F1(delim)3.818 E F0 1.317 +(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)3.818 F 3.817 (wline. If)-.25 F F1(delim)180 434.4 Q F0(is the empty string,)2.5 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 (will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2 -144 446.4 Q F0 .373 +144 446.4 Q F0 .372 (If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 446.4 R F2 -.18 -(re)2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.872 E F0(abo) -2.622 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.872(\)i).15 G 2.872(su)-2.872 G(sed)-2.872 E +(re)2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo) +2.623 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218(to obtain the line.)180 458.4 R .218 (Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218 (ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E (acti)180 470.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings, b)-2.5 E (ut uses Readline')-.2 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ef)-2.5 E (ault \214lename completion.)-.1 E F2144 482.4 Q F1(te)2.5 E(xt) --.2 E F0(If)180 482.4 Q F2 -.18(re)2.716 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 -(is being used to read the line,)2.716 F F1(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216 -(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .215(fer before edit-) +-.2 E F0(If)180 482.4 Q F2 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 +(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F1(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216 +(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .216(fer before edit-) -.25 F(ing be)180 494.4 Q(gins.)-.15 E F2144 506.4 Q F1(nc)2.5 E -(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F2 -.18(re)180 518.4 S(ad).18 E F0 1.394 -(returns after reading)3.894 F F1(nc)3.894 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395 -(characters rather than w)3.894 F 1.395(aiting for a complete line of) +(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F2 -.18(re)180 518.4 S(ad).18 E F0 1.395 +(returns after reading)3.895 F F1(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395 +(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394(aiting for a complete line of) -.1 F(input, b)180 530.4 Q(ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than) -.25 E F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 (characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2144 542.4 Q F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F2 -.18(re)180 554.4 S(ad).18 E -F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.77 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(nc)3.769 E(har) --.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.269 -(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .274 +F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(nc)3.769 E +(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.27 +(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275 (line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 566.4 R F2 -.18(re) -2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .275(times out.)2.775 F .275 -(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.275 F 1.003 +2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274 +(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.274 F 1.002 (tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 578.4 -R F2 -.18(re)3.502 G(ad).18 E F0 1.002(to return until)3.502 F F1(nc) -3.502 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .608(characters are read.)180 590.4 R .608 -(The result is not split on the characters in)5.608 F F2(IFS)3.108 E F0 -3.108(;t)C .609(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 602.4 S .67 +R F2 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F1(nc) +3.503 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .609(characters are read.)180 590.4 R .608 +(The result is not split on the characters in)5.609 F F2(IFS)3.108 E F0 +3.108(;t)C .608(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 602.4 S .669 (riable is assigned e).25 F .669 -(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .669 +(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .67 (xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F2180 614.4 Q F0 (option belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2144 626.4 Q F1(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 -E F0(Display)180 638.4 Q F1(pr)3.66 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161 -(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne) +E F0(Display)180 638.4 Q F1(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161 +(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne) -3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 650.4 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F (prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F2 -144 662.4 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character) -180 662.4 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543 +144 662.4 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character) +180 662.4 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544 (he backslash is considered to be part of)-5.543 F(the line.)180 674.4 Q (In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G(ackslash-ne)-2.5 E (wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.)-.25 E F2144 686.4 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 686.4 Q (If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F2 -144 698.4 Q F1(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 710.4 Q F2 -.18(re)2.928 -G(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.928 F .428 -(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .561 +144 698.4 Q F1(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 710.4 Q F2 -.18(re)2.929 +G(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.929 F .428 +(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .56 (ber of characters\) is not read within)180 722.4 R F1(timeout)3.061 E -F0(seconds.)3.061 E F1(timeout)5.561 E F0 .56(may be a decimal number) +F0(seconds.)3.061 E F1(timeout)5.561 E F0 .561(may be a decimal number) 3.061 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(68)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 69 69 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -8308,11 +8310,11 @@ BP (with a fractional portion follo)180 84 Q(wing the decimal point.)-.25 E (This option is only ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is reading input from\ - a terminal, pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 96 R .505 -(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 108 R .589(gular \214les.) --.15 F(If)5.589 E F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0 .589(times out,)3.089 F -F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.089(sa).15 G -.889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .59(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F + a terminal, pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 96 R .506 +(fect when reading)-.25 F .59(from re)180 108 R .59(gular \214les.)-.15 +F(If)5.59 E F1 -.18(re)3.09 G(ad).18 E F0 .589(times out,)3.09 F F1 -.18 +(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 +-.15(ny p)-3.089 H .589(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 120 S(riable).25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F2(timeout)2.77 E F0 .27(is 0,)2.77 F F1 -.18(re) 2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)2.77 F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27 @@ -8322,41 +8324,41 @@ F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.089(sa).15 G 1.12(on-zero other)-3.62 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. The)180 144 R -.15(ex)2.5 G (it status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e).15 E(xceeded.)-.15 E F1144 156 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 -156 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .477(If no)144 172.8 R F2(names)3.337 E F0 .477 -(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)3.247 F(ariable)-.25 E -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)2.976 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A -F0 .476(The e)4.976 F .476(xit status is zero,)-.15 F .772 -(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 184.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.272 G(ad) -.18 E F0 .773 -(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a)3.272 F +156 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .476(If no)144 172.8 R F2(names)3.336 E F0 .476 +(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)3.246 F(ariable)-.25 E +/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)2.977 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A +F0 .477(The e)4.977 F .477(xit status is zero,)-.15 F .773 +(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 184.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.273 G(ad) +.18 E F0 .772 +(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a)3.273 F -.25(va)144 196.8 S 2.004 -(riable assignment error \(such as assigning to a readonly v).25 F 2.004 -(ariable\) occurs, or an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 2.004(lid \214le).25 F +(riable assignment error \(such as assigning to a readonly v).25 F 2.005 +(ariable\) occurs, or an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 2.005(lid \214le).25 F (descriptor is supplied as the ar)144 208.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1 2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 225.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A (d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 237.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G (n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v) -.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77 -(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097(quent assignment.)144 249.6 R -1.097(If the)6.097 F F13.597 E F0 1.097 -(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2 -(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 261.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) +(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 249.6 R +1.096(If the)6.096 F F13.596 E F0 1.097 +(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2 +(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 261.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) -.1 F F13.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834 (ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the) -3.334 F F13.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-) --.25 E .777(ables to associati)144 273.6 R 1.077 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.277 -(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.277 F F13.277 E -F0(tak)3.277 E .776(es precedence.)-.1 F .776(If no)5.776 F F2(name) -3.636 E F0(ar)3.456 E(gu-)-.18 E .521(ments are gi)144 285.6 R -.15(ve) +-.25 E .776(ables to associati)144 273.6 R 1.076 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.276 +(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.276 F F13.277 E +F0(tak)3.277 E .777(es precedence.)-.1 F .777(If no)5.777 F F2(name) +3.637 E F0(ar)3.457 E(gu-)-.18 E .522(ments are gi)144 285.6 R -.15(ve) -.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F13.021 E F0 .521 (option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.021 F -.522(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ -to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 297.6 R(The)5.295 E F1 -2.795 E F0(option)2.795 E .786 +.521(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ +to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 297.6 R(The)5.296 E F1 +2.796 E F0(option)2.796 E .786 (causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.) -144 309.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .786(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 -321.6 Q .718(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) +144 309.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .785(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 +321.6 Q .717(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) -3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor) 3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in) -5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26(option is encountered, one of the) @@ -8364,89 +8366,89 @@ to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 297.6 R(The)5.295 E F1 -.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F F12.76 E F0 .26 (is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 345.6 Q F0 (that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 362.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 -E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .021(Causes a function to stop e)144 374.4 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .021(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 -(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(to its caller)2.76 F 5.02 -(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(is omitted,)2.76 F .596 +E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .02(Causes a function to stop e)144 374.4 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 +(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(to its caller)2.761 F +5.021(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.021 E F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(is omitted,)2.761 F .597 (the return status is that of the last command e)144 386.4 R -.15(xe) --.15 G .597(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.597(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.597 E -F1 -.18(re)3.097 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .597(is e)3.097 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G(cuted).15 E 1.239(by a trap handler)144 398.4 R 3.738(,t)-.4 G 1.238 +-.15 G .596(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.596(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.596 E +F1 -.18(re)3.096 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .596(is e)3.096 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G(cuted).15 E 1.238(by a trap handler)144 398.4 R 3.738(,t)-.4 G 1.238 (he last command used to determine the status is the last command e) --3.738 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 1.032(before the trap handler)144 -410.4 R 6.032(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.032 E F1 -.18(re)3.532 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E -F0 1.032(is e)3.532 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.032(cuted during a).15 F F1(DEB) -3.533 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.033(trap, the last command used to)3.533 F .39 +-3.738 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 1.033(before the trap handler)144 +410.4 R 6.033(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.033 E F1 -.18(re)3.533 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E +F0 1.033(is e)3.533 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.033(cuted during a).15 F F1(DEB) +3.532 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.032(trap, the last command used to)3.532 F .389 (determine the status is the last command e)144 422.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -.389(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.889 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)2.889 G 2.889(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-2.889 H -.1(ke) -.4 G(d.).1 E(If)144 434.4 Q F1 -.18(re)2.583 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 -.084(is used outside a function, b)2.583 F .084(ut during e)-.2 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .084(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)2.584 E F0(\()5.084 -E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 2.584(\)c)C .084(ommand, it)-2.584 F .589 -(causes the shell to stop e)144 446.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .589 -(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .588 -(or the e)3.328 F .588(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .325(mand e) -144 458.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .325(cuted within the script as the e).15 F -.326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .326 -(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .326(alue is)-.25 F .445 +.389(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.89 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)2.89 G 2.89(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-2.89 H -.1(ke).4 +G(d.).1 E(If)144 434.4 Q F1 -.18(re)2.584 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .084 +(is used outside a function, b)2.584 F .084(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe) +-.15 G .084(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)2.584 E F0(\()5.084 E +F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 2.583(\)c)C .083(ommand, it)-2.583 F .588 +(causes the shell to stop e)144 446.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .588 +(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .589 +(or the e)3.329 F .589(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .326(mand e) +144 458.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .326(cuted within the script as the e).15 F +.326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .325 +(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .325(alue is)-.25 F .444 (its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 470.4 R .444 -(The return status is non-zero if)5.445 F F1 -.18(re)2.944 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0 .444(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.944 F(gu-)-.18 E .381 +(The return status is non-zero if)5.444 F F1 -.18(re)2.945 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0 .445(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.945 F(gu-)-.18 E .381 (ment, or is used outside a function and not during e)144 482.4 R -.15 (xe)-.15 G .381(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.881 E F0(or)3.714 E -F1(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.381(.A)C .681 -.15(ny c)-5.381 H(om-).15 -E .75(mand associated with the)144 494.4 R F1(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749 +F1(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.38(.A)C .68 -.15(ny c)-5.38 H(om-).15 E +.749(mand associated with the)144 494.4 R F1(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749 (trap is e)3.249 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .749(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G .749(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 506.4 Q F1 +G .75(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 506.4 Q F1 (set)108 523.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1(set)108 535.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E -(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 547.2 S .835 +(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 547.2 S .836 (thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F -.836(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 +.835(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 (reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 559.2 -R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .783 -(riables cannot be).25 F 2.946(reset. In)144 571.2 R F2 .447(posix mode) -2.946 F F0 2.947(,o)C .447(nly shell v)-2.947 F .447 +R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .784 +(riables cannot be).25 F 2.947(reset. In)144 571.2 R F2 .447(posix mode) +2.947 F F0 2.947(,o)C .447(nly shell v)-2.947 F .447 (ariables are listed.)-.25 F .447 -(The output is sorted according to the current)5.447 F 3.531 -(locale. When)144 583.2 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.531 F -3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.53(utes. An) --.2 F 3.53(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.53 G 1.03(uments remaining).18 F 1.623 -(after option processing are treated as v)144 595.2 R 1.624 +(The output is sorted according to the current)5.447 F 3.53 +(locale. When)144 583.2 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F +3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.531(utes. An) +-.2 F 3.531(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.531 G 1.031(uments remaining).18 F +1.624(after option processing are treated as v)144 595.2 R 1.623 (alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in)-.25 F(order) 144 607.2 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A F1 2.5(... $)2.5 F F2(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 619.2 Q -F0 1.378(Each v)184 619.2 R 1.377 +F0 1.377(Each v)184 619.2 R 1.377 (ariable or function that is created or modi\214ed is gi)-.25 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.877(nt).15 G 1.377(he e)-3.877 F 1.377(xport attrib)-.15 F -1.377(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 631.2 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15 -E(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1144 643.2 Q F0 .131 +-.25 G 3.877(nt).15 G 1.377(he e)-3.877 F 1.378(xport attrib)-.15 F +1.378(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 631.2 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15 +E(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1144 643.2 Q F0 .132 (Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)184 643.2 R -2.632(,r)-.65 G .132(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E +2.632(,r)-.65 G .131(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E (primary prompt.)184 655.2 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) -.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1144 667.2 Q F0 -.088(Exit immediately if a)184 667.2 R F2(pipeline)2.588 E F0 .087 -(\(which may consist of a single)2.588 F F2 .087(simple command)2.587 F -F0 .087(\), a)B F2(list)2.587 E F0 2.587(,o)C(r)-2.587 E(a)184 679.2 Q -F2 1.52(compound command)4.02 F F0(\(see)4.021 E F3 1.521(SHELL GRAMMAR) -4.021 F F0(abo)3.771 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.521(\), e).15 F 1.521 -(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 F .08(The shell does not e)184 691.2 -R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F .079 +.087(Exit immediately if a)184 667.2 R F2(pipeline)2.587 E F0 .087 +(\(which may consist of a single)2.587 F F2 .088(simple command)2.588 F +F0 .088(\), a)B F2(list)2.588 E F0 2.588(,o)C(r)-2.588 E(a)184 679.2 Q +F2 1.521(compound command)4.021 F F0(\(see)4.021 E F3 1.521 +(SHELL GRAMMAR)4.021 F F0(abo)3.771 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.521(\), e).15 F +1.521(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 F .079(The shell does not e)184 +691.2 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F .08 (ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 703.2 Q -1.654(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F1(until)4.154 E F0 --.1(ke)4.154 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.655 -(wing the)-.25 F F1(if)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F1(elif)4.155 E F0(reserv) -4.155 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 715.2 S .582(rds, part of an).1 F 3.082(yc) --.15 G .582(ommand e)-3.082 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F1 -(&&)3.081 E F0(or)3.081 E F1(||)3.081 E F0 .581(list e)3.081 F .581 -(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .917(the \214nal)184 727.2 R -F1(&&)3.417 E F0(or)3.417 E F1(||)3.417 E F0 3.417(,a)C 1.217 -.15(ny c) --3.417 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .918 -(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.418(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.418 E +1.655(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F1(until)4.155 E F0 +-.1(ke)4.155 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.654 +(wing the)-.25 F F1(if)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F1(elif)4.154 E F0(reserv) +4.154 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 715.2 S .581(rds, part of an).1 F 3.081(yc) +-.15 G .581(ommand e)-3.081 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F1 +(&&)3.081 E F0(or)3.081 E F1(||)3.081 E F0 .582(list e)3.082 F .582 +(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .918(the \214nal)184 727.2 R +F1(&&)3.418 E F0(or)3.418 E F1(||)3.418 E F0 3.418(,a)C 1.218 -.15(ny c) +-3.418 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .917 +(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.417(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.417 E (GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(69)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 70 70 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -8454,54 +8456,54 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -.25(va)184 84 S -.661(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .661(rted with).15 F/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)3.161 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .66 -(ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.112 +.66(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .66(rted with).15 F/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)3.16 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .661 +(ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.113 (non-zero status because a command f)184 96 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F F1 -3.612 E F0 -.1(wa)3.612 G 3.612(sb).1 G 1.113 -(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .178(not e)184 108 R 2.678 -(xit. A)-.15 F .178(trap on)2.678 F F1(ERR)2.678 E F0 2.678(,i)C 2.678 -(fs)-2.678 G .178(et, is e)-2.678 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .178 -(cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.677(xits. This)-.15 F .177 -(option applies to)2.677 F .617(the shell en)184 120 R .617 +3.612 E F0 -.1(wa)3.612 G 3.612(sb).1 G 1.112 +(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .177(not e)184 108 R 2.677 +(xit. A)-.15 F .177(trap on)2.677 F F1(ERR)2.677 E F0 2.677(,i)C 2.678 +(fs)-2.677 G .178(et, is e)-2.678 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .178 +(cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.678(xits. This)-.15 F .178 +(option applies to)2.678 F .618(the shell en)184 120 R .617 (vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F .617(vironment separately \(see) --.4 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .618(COMMAND EXE-)3.118 F .643(CUTION ENVIR) +-.4 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .617(COMMAND EXE-)3.117 F .642(CUTION ENVIR) 184 132 R(ONMENT)-.27 E F0(abo)2.893 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .643 (\), and may cause subshells to e).15 F .643(xit before e)-.15 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .642(cuting all).15 F(the commands in the subshell.)184 144 Q +(xe)-.15 G .643(cuting all).15 F(the commands in the subshell.)184 144 Q 2.042(If a compound command or shell function e)184 162 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.042(cutes in a conte).15 F 2.042(xt where)-.15 F F14.542 E F0 -2.043(is being)4.543 F 1.436(ignored, none of the commands e)184 174 R --.15(xe)-.15 G 1.435(cuted within the compound command or function).15 F -.193(body will be af)184 186 R .193(fected by the)-.25 F F12.693 E +2.042(is being)4.542 F 1.435(ignored, none of the commands e)184 174 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G 1.436(cuted within the compound command or function).15 F +.194(body will be af)184 186 R .194(fected by the)-.25 F F12.694 E F0 .193(setting, e)2.693 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.693(ni).15 G(f)-2.693 E F1 -2.693 E F0 .194(is set and a command returns a f)2.693 F(ailure) +2.693 E F0 .193(is set and a command returns a f)2.693 F(ailure) -.1 E 3.39(status. If)184 198 R 3.39(ac)3.39 G .89 (ompound command or shell function sets)-3.39 F F13.39 E F0 .89 (while e)3.39 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .89(cuting in a conte).15 F(xt)-.15 E -(where)184 210 Q F13.153 E F0 .653 -(is ignored, that setting will not ha)3.153 F .954 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .954 --.15(ny e).15 H -.25(ff).15 G .654(ect until the compound command).25 F +(where)184 210 Q F13.154 E F0 .654 +(is ignored, that setting will not ha)3.154 F .953 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .953 +-.15(ny e).15 H -.25(ff).15 G .653(ect until the compound command).25 F (or the command containing the function call completes.)184 222 Q F1 144 234 Q F0(Disable pathname e)184 234 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 -144 246 Q F0 2.239(Remember the location of commands as the)184 -246 R 4.738(ya)-.15 G 2.238(re look)-4.738 F 2.238(ed up for e)-.1 F --.15(xe)-.15 G 4.738(cution. This).15 F(is)4.738 E(enabled by def)184 -258 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1144 270 Q F0 .513(All ar)184 270 R .514 +144 246 Q F0 2.238(Remember the location of commands as the)184 +246 R 4.738(ya)-.15 G 2.239(re look)-4.738 F 2.239(ed up for e)-.1 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G 4.739(cution. This).15 F(is)4.739 E(enabled by def)184 +258 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1144 270 Q F0 .514(All ar)184 270 R .514 (guments in the form of assignment statements are placed in the en)-.18 -F .514(vironment for a)-.4 F +F .513(vironment for a)-.4 F (command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 282 Q F1 -144 294 Q F0 .149(Monitor mode.)184 294 R .149 -(Job control is enabled.)5.149 F .148(This option is on by def)5.149 F -.148(ault for interacti)-.1 F .448 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .65 +144 294 Q F0 .148(Monitor mode.)184 294 R .148 +(Job control is enabled.)5.148 F .149(This option is on by def)5.148 F +.149(ault for interacti)-.1 F .449 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .651 (on systems that support it \(see)184 306 R F2 .651(JOB CONTR)3.151 F -(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.901 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.151(\). All).15 F .651 -(processes run in a separate)3.151 F .679(process group.)184 318 R .678 +(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.901 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.151(\). All).15 F .65 +(processes run in a separate)3.151 F .678(process group.)184 318 R .679 (When a background job completes, the shell prints a line containing it\ -s)5.679 F -.15(ex)184 330 S(it status.).15 E F1144 342 Q F0 .652 -(Read commands b)184 342 R .652(ut do not e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .652 -(cute them.).15 F .653(This may be used to check a shell script for) -5.652 F(syntax errors.)184 354 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 +s)5.678 F -.15(ex)184 330 S(it status.).15 E F1144 342 Q F0 .653 +(Read commands b)184 342 R .653(ut do not e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .653 +(cute them.).15 F .652(This may be used to check a shell script for) +5.653 F(syntax errors.)184 354 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1144 366 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF (option\255name)2.5 E F0(The)184 378 Q F3(option\255name)2.5 E F0 (can be one of the follo)2.5 E(wing:)-.25 E F1(allexport)184 390 Q F0 @@ -8518,14 +8520,14 @@ F0 2.5(option. This)224 462 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf) (functrace)184 498 Q F0(Same as)224 510 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 (hashall)184 522 Q F0(Same as)224 522 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 (histexpand)184 534 Q F0(Same as)224 546 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(history)184 558 Q F0 .587(Enable command history)224 558 R 3.087(,a) +(history)184 558 Q F0 .586(Enable command history)224 558 R 3.087(,a) -.65 G 3.087(sd)-3.087 G .587(escribed abo)-3.087 F .887 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(HIST)3.087 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF (.)A F0 .587(This option is)5.087 F(on by def)224 570 Q (ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(ignor)184 -582 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.656(The ef)224 594 R 1.656 +582 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.657(The ef)224 594 R 1.657 (fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(IGNOREEOF=10) -4.157 E F0 1.657(had been e)4.157 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(\(see)224 +4.156 E F0 1.656(had been e)4.156 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(\(see)224 606 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) .15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 618 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 630 Q F1 2.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 642 Q F0(Same as)224 642 Q F12.5 @@ -8544,60 +8546,60 @@ BP SF(nounset)184 84 Q F0(Same as)224 84 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(onecmd) 184 96 Q F0(Same as)224 96 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(ph)184 108 Q (ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)224 108 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(pipefail)184 -120 Q F0 1.03(If set, the return v)224 120 R 1.029 -(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.029 -(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.136(mand to e)224 132 R +120 Q F0 1.029(If set, the return v)224 120 R 1.029 +(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.03 +(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.137(mand to e)224 132 R 1.136 (xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline) -.15 F -.15(ex)224 144 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G (his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 156 Q F0 -2.091(Change the beha)224 156 R 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 +2.09(Change the beha)224 156 R 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091 (fers from the)-.25 F 1.212(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 168 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.212(posix mode)B F0 3.712(\). See)B/F3 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.212(SEE ALSO)3.712 F F0(belo)3.463 E(w)-.25 E 2.307 -(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 180 R 4.806(wp)-.25 G -2.306(osix mode af)-4.806 F 2.306(fects bash')-.25 F(s)-.55 E(beha)224 +/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.212(SEE ALSO)3.712 F F0(belo)3.462 E(w)-.25 E 2.306 +(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 180 R 4.807(wp)-.25 G +2.307(osix mode af)-4.807 F 2.307(fects bash')-.25 F(s)-.55 E(beha)224 192 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 204 Q(vileged)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 216 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 228 S(rbose).1 E F0(Same as)224 -228 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 240 Q F0 1.465 -(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)224 240 R 3.966(ace. This) --.1 F 1.466(also af)3.966 F 1.466(fects the editing)-.25 F(interf)224 +228 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 240 Q F0 1.466 +(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)224 240 R 3.965(ace. This) +-.1 F 1.465(also af)3.965 F 1.465(fects the editing)-.25 F(interf)224 252 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1 (xtrace)184 264 Q F0(Same as)224 264 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 282 Q -F13.053 E F0 .553(is supplied with no)3.053 F F2(option\255name) -3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .552 -(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.552 E F1(+o)184 -294 Q F0 1.071(is supplied with no)3.571 F F2(option\255name)3.571 E F0 -3.571(,as)C 1.071(eries of)-3.571 F F1(set)3.572 E F0 1.072 -(commands to recreate the current)3.572 F +F13.052 E F0 .552(is supplied with no)3.052 F F2(option\255name) +3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .553 +(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.553 E F1(+o)184 +294 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F F2(option\255name)3.572 E F0 +3.572(,a)C 1.071(series of)-.001 F F1(set)3.571 E F0 1.071 +(commands to recreate the current)3.571 F (option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 306 Q F1 -144 318 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 318 S 1.072(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.822 E -.1 -(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.342 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F -F3($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)-.27 E F0 1.071 -(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.5 -(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 330 R 1.501 -(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4.001 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A -F3 -.27(BA)184 342 S(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.775 E -.855(AT)-.666 G -(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.775 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.025 E F0 -.25(va)2.775 G -.524(riables, if the).25 F 3.024(ya)-.15 G .524(ppear in the en)-3.024 F -(vironment,)-.4 E .379(are ignored.)184 354 R .379 -(If the shell is started with the ef)5.379 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15 -(ve u)-.25 H .38(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .462 +144 318 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 318 S 1.071(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.821 E -.1 +(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.341 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F +F3($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)-.27 E F0 1.072 +(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.501 +(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 330 R 1.5 +(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3 +-.27(BA)184 342 S(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.774 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H) +.855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.774 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.024 E F0 -.25(va)2.774 G +.524(riables, if the).25 F 3.025(ya)-.15 G .525(ppear in the en)-3.025 F +(vironment,)-.4 E .38(are ignored.)184 354 R .38 +(If the shell is started with the ef)5.38 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15(ve u) +-.25 H .379(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .461 (user \(group\) id, and the)184 366 R F12.961 E F0 .461 -(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .461 -(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 378 Q .694 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .394 +(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .462 +(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 378 Q .695 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .395 (ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .395(If the)5.395 F F1 -2.895 E F0 .395(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25 -E -.15(ve)-.25 G .387(user id is not reset.)184 390 R -.45(Tu)5.387 G -.387(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .386(auses the ef)-2.886 -F(fecti)-.25 E .686 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .386(ser and group ids to be).15 F +2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25 +E -.15(ve)-.25 G .386(user id is not reset.)184 390 R -.45(Tu)5.386 G +.386(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .387(auses the ef)-2.886 +F(fecti)-.25 E .687 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .387(ser and group ids to be).15 F (set to the real user and group ids.)184 402 Q F1144 414 Q F0 (Exit after reading and e)184 414 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting one command.) -.15 E F1144 426 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 426 S .043(eat unset v).35 F .044 +.15 E F1144 426 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 426 S .044(eat unset v).35 F .044 (ariables and parameters other than the special parameters "@" and "*" \ -as an)-.25 F .183(error when performing parameter e)184 438 R 2.683 -(xpansion. If)-.15 F -.15(ex)2.683 G .182 +as an)-.25 F .182(error when performing parameter e)184 438 R 2.682 +(xpansion. If)-.15 F -.15(ex)2.682 G .183 (pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 E .746 (able or parameter)184 450 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 (he shell prints an error message, and, if not interacti)-3.246 F -.15 @@ -8606,37 +8608,37 @@ as an)-.25 F .183(error when performing parameter e)184 438 R 2.683 (ya)-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E F1144 486 Q F0 .315(After e)184 486 R .315(xpanding each)-.15 F F2 .315(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25 (fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,) -2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.235(or arithmetic)184 +2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.236(or arithmetic)184 498 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of)-.25 F F3(PS4)3.736 E F4(,)A F0 (follo)3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 510 Q (xpanded ar)-.15 E(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1 -144 522 Q F0 2.579(The shell performs brace e)184 522 R 2.578 +144 522 Q F0 2.578(The shell performs brace e)184 522 R 2.578 (xpansion \(see)-.15 F F1 2.578(Brace Expansion)5.078 F F0(abo)5.078 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 5.078(\). This).15 F 2.578(is on by)5.078 F(def)184 534 Q -(ault.)-.1 E F1144 546 Q F0 .213(If set,)184 546 R F1(bash)2.713 E -F0 .213(does not o)2.713 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 +-.15(ve)-.15 G 5.079(\). This).15 F 2.579(is on by)5.079 F(def)184 534 Q +(ault.)-.1 E F1144 546 Q F0 .214(If set,)184 546 R F1(bash)2.714 E +F0 .214(does not o)2.714 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 (xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0 -2.714(,a)C(nd)-2.714 E F1(<>)2.714 E F0 .214(redirection opera-)2.714 F -3.054(tors. This)184 558 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 +2.713(,a)C(nd)-2.713 E F1(<>)2.713 E F0 .213(redirection opera-)2.713 F +3.053(tors. This)184 558 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 (rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-) .15 F(tor)184 570 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -144 582 Q F0 .103(If set, an)184 582 R 2.603(yt)-.15 G .103 -(rap on)-2.603 F F1(ERR)2.603 E F0 .104 -(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.603 -F .839(mands e)184 594 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .839(cuted in a subshell en).15 -F 3.339(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .838 -(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 606 Q F1 -144 618 Q F0(Enable)184 618 Q F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531 -(style history substitution.)5.531 F .531(This option is on by def)5.531 -F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 630 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1144 642 Q F0 .96 +144 582 Q F0 .104(If set, an)184 582 R 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104 +(rap on)-2.604 F F1(ERR)2.604 E F0 .103 +(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.604 +F .838(mands e)184 594 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15 +F 3.338(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839 +(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 606 Q F1 +144 618 Q F0(Enable)184 618 Q F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532 +(style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532 +F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 630 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1144 642 Q F0 .959 (If set, the shell does not resolv)184 642 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 -(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .959 -(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.459 E F0 2.821 +(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .96 +(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.46 E F0 2.822 (that change the current w)184 654 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822 -(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.822 -(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.686(instead. By)184 666 R(def)2.686 +(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.821 +(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.685(instead. By)184 666 R(def)2.685 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)2.686 E F0(follo)2.686 E .186 (ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F (mands which change the current directory)184 678 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 @@ -8654,113 +8656,114 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF144 84 Q F0 .4(If no ar)184 84 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901 -(wt)-.25 G .401(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.) --2.901 F(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 -96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 108 Q F0 1.945 +SF144 84 Q F0 .401(If no ar)184 84 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F +2.901(wt)-.25 G .401 +(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F +(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 96 Q/F2 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni) +.15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F12.5 E +F0(.)A F1144 108 Q F0 1.944 (Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 108 R F2(ar)4.444 E -(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.444(ea)-4.444 G 1.944 -(ssigned to the positional)-4.444 F 3.445(parameters. The)184 120 R F1 -3.445 E F0(and)3.445 E F13.445 E F0 .945 -(options are turned of)3.445 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .946(there are no) -3.445 F F2(ar)3.446 E(g)-.37 E F0 .946(s, the positional)B +(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.445(ea)-4.444 G 1.945 +(ssigned to the positional)-4.445 F 3.446(parameters. The)184 120 R F1 +3.446 E F0(and)3.446 E F13.446 E F0 .945 +(options are turned of)3.446 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .945(there are no) +3.445 F F2(ar)3.445 E(g)-.37 E F0 .945(s, the positional)B (parameters remain unchanged.)184 132 Q .425(The options are of)144 148.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 (ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425 -(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .177 -(to be turned of)144 160.8 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178 +(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178 +(to be turned of)144 160.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178 (options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in) --.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066 +-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066 (current set of options may be found in)144 172.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066 -(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F +(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F (is encountered.)144 184.8 Q F1(shift)108 201.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 213.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0 -.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G -.429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 225.6 Q F1($#)2.583 -E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.583 E F0A F2(n)A F0 .083 -(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.443 E F0 .083(must be a non-ne)2.823 F -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E .382 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .082(umber less than or equal to) -.15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)-5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06 +(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 213.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0 +.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G +.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 225.6 Q F1($#)2.582 +E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0A F2(n)A F0 .082 +(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to) +.15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06 (is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 237.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F (If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56 -(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 249.6 R -.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0 -.143(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0 +(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 249.6 R +.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0 +.144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0 (or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 261.6 Q F1(shopt)108 278.4 Q F0([) 2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname) --2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 290.4 S .639(ggle the v).8 F .639 +-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 290.4 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639 (alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E -5.639(.T)-.55 G .64(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .375 -(listed belo)144 302.4 R 1.675 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.175 -.4(r, i).65 H -2.875(ft).4 G(he)-2.875 E F12.875 E F0 .375 +5.639(.T)-.55 G .639(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .374 +(listed belo)144 302.4 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H +2.874(ft).4 G(he)-2.874 E F12.874 E F0 .375 (option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25 -F F12.875 E F0 .374(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.874 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.874 G .374(iltin com-).2 F 3.325(mand. W)144 314.4 R .825 -(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F13.325 E F0 .826 -(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an)3.325 F -.552(indication of whether or not each is set; if)144 326.4 R F2 -(optnames)3.052 E F0 .551 -(are supplied, the output is restricted to those)3.052 F 2.549 -(options. The)144 338.4 R F12.549 E F0 .049(option causes output \ -to be displayed in a form that may be reused as input.)2.549 F(Other) -5.05 E(options ha)144 350.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +F F12.875 E F0 .375(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.875 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.875 G .375(iltin com-).2 F 3.326(mand. W)144 314.4 R .826 +(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F13.326 E F0 .825 +(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an)3.326 F +.551(indication of whether or not each is set; if)144 326.4 R F2 +(optnames)3.052 E F0 .552 +(are supplied, the output is restricted to those)3.052 F 2.55 +(options. The)144 338.4 R F12.55 E F0 .049(option causes output t\ +o be displayed in a form that may be reused as input.)2.55 F(Other)5.049 +E(options ha)144 350.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E (wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 362.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)180 362.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 374.4 Q F0 (Disable \(unset\) each)180 374.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 386.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\ -tus indicates whether the)180 386.4 R F2(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E -.255(set or unset.)180 398.4 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755 -E F0(ar)2.755 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G -(ith)-2.756 E F12.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256 -(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F(all)180 410.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E +tus indicates whether the)180 386.4 R F2(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E +.256(set or unset.)180 398.4 R .256(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 +E F0(ar)2.756 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G +(ith)-2.756 E F12.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255 +(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 410.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1144 422.4 Q F0 (Restricts the v)180 422.4 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0 (to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 -E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625(If either)144 439.2 R F1 -3.125 E F0(or)3.124 E F13.124 E F0 .624(is used with no) +E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .624(If either)144 439.2 R F1 +3.124 E F0(or)3.124 E F13.124 E F0 .624(is used with no) 3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)-.18 E F1(shopt)3.124 -E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.233 +E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.234 (set or unset, respecti)144 451.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 7.234(.U) -.65 G 2.234(nless otherwise noted, the)-7.234 F F1(shopt)4.734 E F0 2.234(options are disabled \(unset\) by)4.734 F(def)144 463.2 Q(ault.) -.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 -480 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) -4.044 F .696 +480 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) +4.045 F .696 (When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an) -144 492 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696(alid shell) +144 492 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695(alid shell) -.25 F(option.)144 504 Q(The list of)144 520.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -(options is:)2.5 E F1(assoc_expand_once)144 538.8 Q F0 1.945 +(options is:)2.5 E F1(assoc_expand_once)144 538.8 Q F0 1.944 (If set, the shell suppresses multiple e)184 550.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G -1.944(luation of associati).25 F 2.244 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.944 +1.945(luation of associati).25 F 2.245 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.945 (rray subscripts during).15 F .857(arithmetic e)184 562.8 R .857 (xpression e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .857(luation and while e).25 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .857(cuting b).15 F .857(uiltins that can perform v)-.2 F -(ariable)-.25 E(assignments.)184 574.8 Q F1(autocd)144 586.8 Q F0 .2 +(ariable)-.25 E(assignments.)184 574.8 Q F1(autocd)144 586.8 Q F0 .199 (If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 586.8 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E +-.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E (ment to the)184 598.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F (option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F1(cdable_v)144 610.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 622.8 R .155 -(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156 +F1(cdable_v)144 610.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 622.8 R .156 +(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155 (iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F (name of a v)184 634.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E (alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 646.8 Q F0 1.055 (If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)184 -646.8 R F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987 -(corrected. The)184 658.8 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487 -(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a) --.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .77(one character too man)184 670.8 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) +646.8 R F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988 +(corrected. The)184 658.8 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487 +(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a) +-.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .77(one character too man)184 670.8 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) -.15 H 3.27(fac).65 G .77 (orrection is found, the corrected \214lename is printed, and)-3.27 F (the command proceeds.)184 682.8 Q (This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F1(checkhash)144 694.8 Q F0 .736(If set,)184 706.8 R F1(bash)3.236 -E F0 .736(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.236 F .737 +.15 E F1(checkhash)144 694.8 Q F0 .737(If set,)184 706.8 R F1(bash)3.237 +E F0 .736(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.237 F .736 (xists before trying to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cute it.)184 718.8 Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E (xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q @@ -8771,15 +8774,15 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(checkjobs)144 84 Q F0 .449(If set,)184 96 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449 -(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448 -(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 108 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G -.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.438 F .938 -(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .939(xit is)-.15 F 2.203 +SF(checkjobs)144 84 Q F0 .448(If set,)184 96 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448 +(lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449 +(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 108 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G +.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938 +(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 2.203 (attempted without an interv)184 120 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15 F /F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.203(JOB CONTR)4.703 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)4.453 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.703 E(al)184 132 Q -.1(wa)-.1 +-.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.704 E(al)184 132 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G (obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 144 Q F0 1.09(If set,)184 156 R F1(bash)3.59 E F0 1.09(checks the windo)3.59 F 3.59(ws)-.25 G 1.09 @@ -8790,91 +8793,90 @@ G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G (If set,)184 180 R F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202(attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202 (ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184 -192 Q 6.132(.T)-.65 G 1.132(his allo)-6.132 F 1.132 -(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 F 1.133 -(This option is enabled by)6.133 F(def)184 204 Q .614(ault, b)-.1 F .614 -(ut only has an ef)-.2 F .613 -(fect if command history is enabled, as described abo)-.25 F .913 -.15 +192 Q 6.133(.T)-.65 G 1.133(his allo)-6.133 F 1.133 +(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 F 1.132 +(This option is enabled by)6.132 F(def)184 204 Q .613(ault, b)-.1 F .613 +(ut only has an ef)-.2 F .614 +(fect if command history is enabled, as described abo)-.25 F .914 -.15 (ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(HIST)184 216 Q(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F3(.)A F1 -(compat31)144 228 Q F0 .419(If set,)184 240 R F1(bash)2.919 E F0 .419 -(changes its beha)2.919 F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .42 -(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E .462(to the) -184 252 R F1([[)2.962 E F0 .462(conditional command')2.962 F(s)-.55 E F1 +(compat31)144 228 Q F0 .42(If set,)184 240 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42 +(changes its beha)2.92 F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419 +(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E .461(to the) +184 252 R F1([[)2.961 E F0 .462(conditional command')2.962 F(s)-.55 E F1 (=~)2.962 E F0 .462 (operator and locale-speci\214c string comparison when)2.962 F .71 (using the)184 264 R F1([[)3.21 E F0 .71(conditional command')3.21 F(s) -.55 E F1(<)3.21 E F0(and)3.21 E F1(>)3.21 E F0 3.21(operators. Bash) -3.21 F -.15(ve)3.21 G .71(rsions prior to bash-4.1).15 F .821 +3.21 F -.15(ve)3.21 G .71(rsions prior to bash-4.1).15 F .82 (use ASCII collation and)184 276 R/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(str)3.321 E (cmp)-.37 E F0 .821(\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale') -.19 F 3.32(sc)-.55 G(ollation)-3.32 E(sequence and)184 288 Q F4(str)2.5 -E(coll)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat32)144 300 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 -312 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409 -(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41 -(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .423 +.19 F 3.321(sc)-.55 G(ollation)-3.321 E(sequence and)184 288 Q F4(str) +2.5 E(coll)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat32)144 300 Q F0 1.41(If set,) +184 312 R F1(bash)3.91 E F0 1.41(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409 +(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.409 +(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .422 (string comparison when using the)184 324 R F1([[)2.922 E F0 .422 (conditional command')2.922 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)2.922 E F0(and)2.922 E F1(>) -2.922 E F0 .422(operators \(see pre-)2.922 F .48 +2.923 E F0 .423(operators \(see pre-)2.923 F .481 (vious item\) and the ef)184 336 R .481 -(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .481(Bash v)5.481 F .481 +(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .48(Bash v)5.481 F .48 (ersions 3.2 and earlier)-.15 F(continue with the ne)184 348 Q (xt command in the list after one terminates due to an interrupt.)-.15 E -F1(compat40)144 360 Q F0 1.41(If set,)184 372 R F1(bash)3.91 E F0 1.41 -(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.409 -(ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 2.007 -(string comparison when using the)184 384 R F1([[)4.507 E F0 2.008 -(conditional command')4.507 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)4.508 E F0(and)4.508 E F1(>) -4.508 E F0 2.008(operators \(see)4.508 F .77(description of)184 396 R F1 -(compat31)3.27 E F0 3.269(\)a)C .769(nd the ef)-3.269 F .769 -(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .769(Bash v)5.769 F -(ersions)-.15 E .086 -(4.0 and later interrupt the list as if the shell recei)184 408 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.587(dt).15 G .087(he interrupt; pre)-2.587 F .087(vious v) --.25 F .087(ersions con-)-.15 F(tinue with the ne)184 420 Q -(xt command in the list.)-.15 E F1(compat41)144 432 Q F0 1.524(If set,) -184 444 R F1(bash)4.024 E F0 4.024(,w)C 1.524(hen in)-4.024 F F4 1.524 -(posix mode)4.024 F F0 4.024(,t)C 1.523 +F1(compat40)144 360 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 372 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 +1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41 +(ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 2.008 +(string comparison when using the)184 384 R F1([[)4.508 E F0 2.007 +(conditional command')4.508 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)4.507 E F0(and)4.507 E F1(>) +4.507 E F0 2.007(operators \(see)4.507 F .769(description of)184 396 R +F1(compat31)3.269 E F0 3.269(\)a)C .769(nd the ef)-3.269 F .769 +(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .77(Bash v)5.77 F(ersions) +-.15 E .087(4.0 and later interrupt the list as if the shell recei)184 +408 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.586(dt).15 G .086(he interrupt; pre)-2.586 F .086 +(vious v)-.25 F .086(ersions con-)-.15 F(tinue with the ne)184 420 Q +(xt command in the list.)-.15 E F1(compat41)144 432 Q F0 1.523(If set,) +184 444 R F1(bash)4.023 E F0 4.023(,w)C 1.523(hen in)-4.023 F F4 1.523 +(posix mode)4.023 F F0 4.024(,t)C 1.524 (reats a single quote in a double-quoted parameter)-4.024 F -.15(ex)184 -456 S .958(pansion as a special character).15 F 5.958(.T)-.55 G .959 -(he single quotes must match \(an e)-5.958 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.459(nn).15 -G .959(umber\) and)-3.459 F .59 +456 S .959(pansion as a special character).15 F 5.959(.T)-.55 G .958 +(he single quotes must match \(an e)-5.959 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.458(nn).15 +G .958(umber\) and)-3.458 F .59 (the characters between the single quotes are considered quoted.)184 468 -R .59(This is the beha)5.59 F .59(vior of)-.2 F .589 +R .59(This is the beha)5.59 F .59(vior of)-.2 F .59 (posix mode through v)184 480 R .589(ersion 4.1.)-.15 F .589(The def) -5.589 F .589(ault bash beha)-.1 F .589(vior remains as in pre)-.2 F .59 +5.589 F .589(ault bash beha)-.1 F .589(vior remains as in pre)-.2 F .589 (vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions.)184 492 Q F1(compat42)144 504 Q -F0 1.797(If set,)184 516 R F1(bash)4.297 E F0 1.796 +F0 1.796(If set,)184 516 R F1(bash)4.296 E F0 1.796 (does not process the replacement string in the pattern substitution w) 4.296 F(ord)-.1 E -.15(ex)184 528 S(pansion using quote remo).15 E -.25 -(va)-.15 G(l.).25 E F1(compat43)144 540 Q F0 .14(If set,)184 552 R F1 -(bash)2.64 E F0 .14(does not print a w)2.64 F .141 -(arning message if an attempt is made to use a quoted com-)-.1 F .913 -(pound array assignment as an ar)184 564 R .913(gument to)-.18 F F1 -(declar)3.412 E(e)-.18 E F0 3.412(,m)C(ak)-3.412 E .912(es w)-.1 F .912 -(ord e)-.1 F .912(xpansion errors non-)-.15 F -.1(fa)184 576 S .352 +(va)-.15 G(l.).25 E F1(compat43)144 540 Q F0 .141(If set,)184 552 R F1 +(bash)2.641 E F0 .141(does not print a w)2.641 F .14 +(arning message if an attempt is made to use a quoted com-)-.1 F .912 +(pound array assignment as an ar)184 564 R .912(gument to)-.18 F F1 +(declar)3.413 E(e)-.18 E F0 3.413(,m)C(ak)-3.413 E .913(es w)-.1 F .913 +(ord e)-.1 F .913(xpansion errors non-)-.15 F -.1(fa)184 576 S .353 (tal errors that cause the current command to f).1 F .353(ail \(the def) --.1 F .353(ault beha)-.1 F .353(vior is to mak)-.2 F 2.853(et)-.1 G(hem) --2.853 E -.1(fa)184 588 S 1.058(tal errors that cause the shell to e).1 -F 1.057(xit\), and does not reset the loop state when a shell)-.15 F -.374(function is e)184 600 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .374(cuted \(this allo).15 F -(ws)-.25 E F1(br)2.874 E(eak)-.18 E F0(or)2.875 E F1(continue)2.875 E F0 -.375(in a shell function to af)2.875 F .375(fect loops in)-.25 F +-.1 F .352(ault beha)-.1 F .352(vior is to mak)-.2 F 2.852(et)-.1 G(hem) +-2.852 E -.1(fa)184 588 S 1.057(tal errors that cause the shell to e).1 +F 1.058(xit\), and does not reset the loop state when a shell)-.15 F +.375(function is e)184 600 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .375(cuted \(this allo).15 F +(ws)-.25 E F1(br)2.875 E(eak)-.18 E F0(or)2.875 E F1(continue)2.875 E F0 +.374(in a shell function to af)2.875 F .374(fect loops in)-.25 F (the caller')184 612 Q 2.5(sc)-.55 G(onte)-2.5 E(xt\).)-.15 E F1 -(compat44)144 624 Q F0 .442(If set,)184 636 R F1(bash)2.942 E F0(sa) +(compat44)144 624 Q F0 .441(If set,)184 636 R F1(bash)2.941 E F0(sa) 2.942 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.942(st).15 G .442(he positional parameters to B) --2.942 F .442(ASH_ARGV and B)-.35 F .441(ASH_ARGC before)-.35 F(the)184 +-2.942 F .442(ASH_ARGV and B)-.35 F .442(ASH_ARGC before)-.35 F(the)184 648 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re used, re)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G (rdless of whether or not e).05 E(xtended deb)-.15 E -(ugging mode is enabled.)-.2 E F1(complete_fullquote)144 660 Q F0 .653 +(ugging mode is enabled.)-.2 E F1(complete_fullquote)144 660 Q F0 .654 (If set,)184 672 R F1(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metacharact\ -ers in \214lenames and directory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.525 -(forming completion.)184 684 R 1.524(If not set,)6.525 F F1(bash)4.024 E +ers in \214lenames and directory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.524 +(forming completion.)184 684 R 1.524(If not set,)6.524 F F1(bash)4.024 E F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.024(sm).15 G 1.524 (etacharacters such as the dollar sign)-4.024 F 2.667(from the set of c\ haracters that will be quoted in completed \214lenames when these)184 -696 R .029(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 708 R .028 -(ariable references in w)-.25 F .028(ords to be completed.)-.1 F .028 -(This means)5.028 F 2.909(that dollar signs in v)184 720 R 2.909 +696 R .028(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 708 R .028 +(ariable references in w)-.25 F .029(ords to be completed.)-.1 F .029 +(This means)5.029 F 2.91(that dollar signs in v)184 720 R 2.909 (ariable names that e)-.25 F 2.909 (xpand to directories will not be quoted;)-.15 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q (2018 June 8)150.675 E(73)199.835 E 0 Cg EP @@ -8884,23 +8886,23 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(ho)184 84 Q(we) --.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.703 -.4(r, a).15 H 2.203 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.902 +-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.702 -.4(r, a).15 H 2.202 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.902 (ollar signs appearing in \214lenames will not be quoted, either).15 F -6.902(.T)-.55 G 1.902(his is)-6.902 F(acti)184 96 Q .672 -.15(ve o)-.25 -H .372 +6.903(.T)-.55 G 1.903(his is)-6.903 F(acti)184 96 Q .673 -.15(ve o)-.25 +H .373 (nly when bash is using backslashes to quote completed \214lenames.).15 -F .373(This v)5.373 F(ariable)-.25 E(is set by def)184 108 Q +F .372(This v)5.372 F(ariable)-.25 E(is set by def)184 108 Q (ault, which is the def)-.1 E(ault bash beha)-.1 E(vior in v)-.2 E (ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dir)144 120 Q(expand) --.18 E F0 .487(If set,)184 132 R F1(bash)2.987 E F0 .486 +-.18 E F0 .486(If set,)184 132 R F1(bash)2.986 E F0 .486 (replaces directory names with the results of w)2.986 F .486(ord e)-.1 F -.486(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .179(ing \214lename completion.)184 -144 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.179 F -(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.18(.I)-.55 G 2.68(fn)-5.18 G(ot)-2.68 E(set,)184 -156 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G -(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 168 Q F0 .859(If set,)184 -168 R F1(bash)3.359 E F0 .858 -(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.359 F .858 +.487(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .18(ing \214lename completion.)184 +144 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.18 F +(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.179(.I)-.55 G 2.679(fn)-5.179 G(ot)-2.679 E(set,) +184 156 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G +(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 168 Q F0 .858(If set,)184 +168 R F1(bash)3.358 E F0 .858 +(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.358 F .859 (ord completion if)-.1 F (the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 180 Q(xist.)-.15 E F1(dotglob)144 192 Q F0 .165(If set,)184 192 R F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165 @@ -8910,40 +8912,40 @@ F1(dotglob)144 192 Q F0 .165(If set,)184 192 R F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 (must al)5.63 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys be matched e).1 E(xplicitly)-.15 E 2.5 (,e)-.65 G -.15(ve)-2.75 G 2.5(ni).15 G(f)-2.5 E F1(dotglob)2.5 E F0 -(is set.)2.5 E F1(execfail)144 216 Q F0 1.387(If set, a non-interacti) -184 216 R 1.687 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386(hell will not e).15 F 1.386 -(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.386 +(is set.)2.5 E F1(execfail)144 216 Q F0 1.386(If set, a non-interacti) +184 216 R 1.686 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386(hell will not e).15 F 1.386 +(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.387 (cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 228 Q(gument to the)-.18 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E(An interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 --.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 240 Q F0 .716 +-.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 240 Q F0 .717 (If set, aliases are e)184 252 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)3.217 E -/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .717(This option is enabled)5.217 F +/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .716(This option is enabled)5.217 F (by def)184 264 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F1(extdeb)144 276 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 .672(If set at shell in)184 288 R --.2(vo)-.4 G .672(cation, arrange to e).2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .671 -(cute the deb).15 F .671(ugger pro\214le before the shell starts,)-.2 F -.22(identical to the)184 300 R F12.72 E(ugger)-.2 E F0 2.721 -(option. If)2.721 F .221(set after in)2.721 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .221 -(cation, beha).2 F .221(vior intended for use by)-.2 F(deb)184 312 Q -(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 324 Q F0(The)220 324 Q F14.251 -E F0 1.751(option to the)4.251 F F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu) +.15 E F1(extdeb)144 276 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 .671(If set at shell in)184 288 R +-.2(vo)-.4 G .671(cation, arrange to e).2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .671 +(cute the deb).15 F .672(ugger pro\214le before the shell starts,)-.2 F +.221(identical to the)184 300 R F12.721 E(ugger)-.2 E F0 +2.721(option. If)2.721 F .221(set after in)2.721 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .221 +(cation, beha).2 F .22(vior intended for use by)-.2 F(deb)184 312 Q +(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 324 Q F0(The)220 324 Q F14.25 +E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu) 4.251 G 1.751(iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F (number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 336 Q (gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 348 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)220 348 R F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 F 1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 360 -Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 372 Q F0 .841 -(If the command run by the)220 372 R F1(DEB)3.341 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 -(trap returns a v)3.341 F .84(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15 +Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 372 Q F0 .84 +(If the command run by the)220 372 R F1(DEB)3.34 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 +(trap returns a v)3.341 F .841(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15 (exe)220 384 S .488 (cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1 (sour)220 396 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltins\), the shell simulates a call to).2 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E (n)-.15 E F0(.)A F1(4.)184 408 Q F2 -.27(BA)220 408 S(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 -(and)3.154 E F2 -.27(BA)3.404 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904 +(and)3.153 E F2 -.27(BA)3.403 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904 (are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(abo)220 420 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 432 Q F0 1.637(Function tracing is ena\ bled: command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)220 432 R @@ -8963,37 +8965,37 @@ E F0(")A F4(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within) -4.973 F F1(${)4.973 E F4(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)4.973 G (pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 528 Q (This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 540 Q F0 -1.424(If set, patterns which f)184 540 R 1.425 -(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.425 +1.425(If set, patterns which f)184 540 R 1.425 +(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.424 (xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 552 S(pansion error).15 E(.) -.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 564 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.937(If set, the suf)184 576 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) +.936(If set, the suf)184 576 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) -.15 F F2(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936(ariable cause w) --.25 F .936(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 588 R .32 +-.25 F .937(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 588 R .32 (ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32 -(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.948 -(pletions. See)184 600 R F2 .448(SHELL V)2.948 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 -(abo)2.698 E .748 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F2 -(FIGNORE)2.947 E F3(.)A F0 .447(This option is)4.947 F(enabled by def) -184 612 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 624 Q F0 2.518 +(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.947 +(pletions. See)184 600 R F2 .447(SHELL V)2.947 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 +(abo)2.697 E .747 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F2 +(FIGNORE)2.948 E F3(.)A F0 .448(This option is)4.948 F(enabled by def) +184 612 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 624 Q F0 2.519 (If set, range e)184 636 R 2.519 -(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.519(et e)-.1 F 2.519 -(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F2 -.09(Pa)5.019 G(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E -(Matching)184 648 Q F0(abo)2.965 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.215(\)b).15 G(eha) --3.215 E 1.015 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214(fi)-3.214 G 3.214 +(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.518(et e)-.1 F 2.518 +(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F2 -.09(Pa)5.018 G(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E +(Matching)184 648 Q F0(abo)2.964 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.214(\)b).15 G(eha) +-3.214 E 1.014 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214(fi)-3.214 G 3.214 (nt)-3.214 G .714(he traditional C locale when performing comparisons.) -3.214 F 1.02(That is, the current locale')184 660 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G 1.02 (ollating sequence is not tak)-3.52 F 1.02(en into account, so)-.1 F F1 -(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .957(collate between)184 672 R F1(A) -3.457 E F0(and)3.457 E F1(B)3.457 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper)-3.457 F -.957(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .956 +(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .956(collate between)184 672 R F1(A) +3.456 E F0(and)3.456 E F1(B)3.456 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper)-3.457 F +.957(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .957 (-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 684 Q(.)-.55 E -F1(globstar)144 696 Q F0 .518(If set, the pattern)184 696 R F1(**)3.018 -E F0 .519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .519 -(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .432 +F1(globstar)144 696 Q F0 .519(If set, the pattern)184 696 R F1(**)3.019 +E F0 .519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .518 +(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .431 (or more directories and subdirectories.)184 708 R .431 -(If the pattern is follo)5.432 F .431(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.931 E F0 -2.931(,o)C .431(nly directories)-2.931 F(and subdirectories match.)184 +(If the pattern is follo)5.431 F .432(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.932 E F0 +2.932(,o)C .432(nly directories)-2.932 F(and subdirectories match.)184 720 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(74)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 75 75 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -9005,32 +9007,32 @@ SF(gnu_errfmt)144 84 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are written in t\ he standard GNU error message format.)184 96 Q F1(histappend)144 108 Q F0 .676 (If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184 -120 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTFILE)3.177 E F0 --.25(va)2.927 G(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 132 Q +120 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 +-.25(va)2.926 G(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 132 Q (xits, rather than o)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1 -(histr)144 144 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 .576(If set, and)184 156 R F1 -.18(re) -3.076 G(adline).18 E F0 .575(is being used, a user is gi)3.076 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .575(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F -.575(ailed his-)-.1 F(tory substitution.)184 168 Q F1(histv)144 180 Q -(erify)-.1 E F0 .402(If set, and)184 192 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 +(histr)144 144 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 .575(If set, and)184 156 R F1 -.18(re) +3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575(is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .576(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F +.576(ailed his-)-.1 F(tory substitution.)184 168 Q F1(histv)144 180 Q +(erify)-.1 E F0 .403(If set, and)184 192 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 (is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately) -2.903 F .662(passed to the shell parser)184 204 R 5.662(.I)-.55 G .661 -(nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.662 F F1 -.18(re)3.161 -G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.161 E -.2(bu)184 216 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E +2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 204 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 +(nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.661 F F1 -.18(re)3.162 +G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 216 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E 2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1 -(hostcomplete)144 228 Q F0 1.181(If set, and)184 240 R F1 -.18(re)3.681 -G(adline).18 E F0 1.181(is being used,)3.681 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.182 -(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.682 F 1.381(when a w)184 -252 R 1.381(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 -(is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.88 E F0(under)3.88 E -F2(READLINE)3.88 E F0(abo)184 264 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F +(hostcomplete)144 228 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 240 R F1 -.18(re)3.682 +G(adline).18 E F0 1.182(is being used,)3.682 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.181 +(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.681 F 1.38(when a w)184 +252 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 +(is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.881 E F0(under)3.881 E +F2(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 264 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F (is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 276 Q F0(If set,) 184 288 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F2(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 (to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H(ogin shell e) -.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(inherit_err)144 300 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 .219 +.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(inherit_err)144 300 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 .22 (If set, command substitution inherits the v)184 312 R .219(alue of the) --.25 F F1(err)2.719 E(exit)-.18 E F0 .22(option, instead of unsetting) +-.25 F F1(err)2.719 E(exit)-.18 E F0 .219(option, instead of unsetting) 2.719 F(it in the subshell en)184 324 Q 2.5(vironment. This)-.4 F (option is enabled when)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)2.5 E F0(is enabled.)2.5 E F1(interacti)144 336 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E @@ -9039,54 +9041,54 @@ F0 .33(If set, allo)184 348 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33 (ord and all remaining characters on)-.1 F .967 (that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 360 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .967(hell \(see).15 F F2(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve)-.15 -G 3.467(\). This).15 F .968(option is)3.468 F(enabled by def)184 372 Q +G 3.467(\). This).15 F .967(option is)3.467 F(enabled by def)184 372 Q (ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 384 Q F0 .066 (If set, and job control is not acti)184 384 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566(,t) .15 G .066(he shell runs the last command of a pipeline not e)-2.566 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cuted in the background in the current shell en) -184 396 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 408 Q F0 .654(If set, and the) -184 408 R F1(cmdhist)3.154 E F0 .654 +184 396 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 408 Q F0 .655(If set, and the) +184 408 R F1(cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654 (option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa)3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G -3.155(dt).15 G 3.155(ot)-3.155 G .655(he history)-3.155 F +3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history)-3.154 F (with embedded ne)184 420 Q (wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1 -(localv)144 432 Q(ar_inherit)-.1 E F0 .422(If set, local v)184 444 R +(localv)144 432 Q(ar_inherit)-.1 E F0 .421(If set, local v)184 444 R .422(ariables inherit the v)-.25 F .422(alue and attrib)-.25 F .422 (utes of a v)-.2 F .422(ariable of the same name that)-.25 F -.15(ex)184 -456 S .173(ists at a pre).15 F .173(vious scope before an)-.25 F 2.673 -(yn)-.15 G .673 -.25(ew va)-2.673 H .173(lue is assigned.).25 F .174 -(The nameref attrib)5.174 F .174(ute is not)-.2 F(inherited.)184 468 Q +456 S .174(ists at a pre).15 F .174(vious scope before an)-.25 F 2.673 +(yn)-.15 G .673 -.25(ew va)-2.673 H .173(lue is assigned.).25 F .173 +(The nameref attrib)5.173 F .173(ute is not)-.2 F(inherited.)184 468 Q F1(login_shell)144 480 Q F0 .486 (The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184 -492 R F2(INV)2.986 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.736 E -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.986(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 504 S(lue may not be changed.).25 -E F1(mailwar)144 516 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .814(If set, and a \214le that)184 -528 R F1(bash)3.314 E F0 .815 -(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.314 F +492 R F2(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 504 S(lue may not be changed.).25 +E F1(mailwar)144 516 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that)184 +528 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 +(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.315 F -.1(wa)184 540 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E (`The mail in)-.74 E F3(mail\214le)2.5 E F0(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i) -.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 552 -Q F0 .325(If set, and)184 564 R F1 -.18(re)2.825 G(adline).18 E F0 .325 -(is being used,)2.825 F F1(bash)2.824 E F0 .324 -(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.824 G(TH)-.189 E -F0 .324(for possible)2.574 F +Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 564 R F1 -.18(re)2.824 G(adline).18 E F0 .324 +(is being used,)2.824 F F1(bash)2.824 E F0 .324 +(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.825 G(TH)-.189 E +F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F (completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 576 Q F1 -(nocaseglob)144 588 Q F0 .436(If set,)184 600 R F1(bash)2.936 E F0 .436 -(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.936 F .737 -.15(ve f)-.25 -H .437(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 612 S +(nocaseglob)144 588 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 600 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 .436 +(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f)-.25 +H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 612 S (pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 624 Q F0 1.194(If set,)184 -636 R F1(bash)3.694 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) -3.694 F 1.493 -.15(ve f)-.25 H 1.193(ashion when performing matching).05 +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 624 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 +636 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) +3.693 F 1.494 -.15(ve f)-.25 H 1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 F .551(while e)184 648 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)3.051 E F0 (or)3.051 E F1([[)3.051 E F0 .551 (conditional commands, when performing pattern substitution)3.051 F -.1 -(wo)184 660 S .623(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering possib\ +(wo)184 660 S .622(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering possib\ le completions as part of programmable com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 672 Q F1 -(nullglob)144 684 Q F0 .854(If set,)184 696 R F1(bash)3.354 E F0(allo) -3.354 E .855(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa) -3.355 G .855(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.355 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.355 -(\)t).15 G(o)-3.355 E -.15(ex)184 708 S +(nullglob)144 684 Q F0 .855(If set,)184 696 R F1(bash)3.355 E F0(allo) +3.355 E .855(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa) +3.354 G .854(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.354 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.354 +(\)t).15 G(o)-3.354 E -.15(ex)184 708 S (pand to a null string, rather than themselv).15 E(es.)-.15 E (GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(75)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 76 76 @@ -9095,62 +9097,62 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(pr)144 84 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .677 +SF(pr)144 84 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676 (If set, the programmable completion f)184 96 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 -F F1(Pr)3.176 E .676(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.176 E -.15 +F F1(Pr)3.177 E .677(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.177 E -.15 (ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E(are enabled.)184 108 Q (This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(pr)144 120 Q(omptv) --.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447(If set, prompt strings under)184 132 R 1.448 -(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.448(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic) --.15 F -.15(ex)184 144 S .171(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 +-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.448(If set, prompt strings under)184 132 R 1.448 +(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.447(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic) +-.15 F -.15(ex)184 144 S .17(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G .17(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in) --.15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.67 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.42 E -.15 -(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(This option is enabled by def)184 156 Q(ault.)-.1 E -F1 -.18(re)144 168 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 +-.15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.671 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.421 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(This option is enabled by def)184 156 Q(ault.)-.1 +E F1 -.18(re)144 168 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 (The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see) 184 180 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 192 Q 2.86 (w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)2.86 G .36(lue may not be changed.).25 F .36 (This is not reset when the startup \214les are e)5.36 F -.15(xe)-.15 G (-).15 E(cuted, allo)184 204 Q(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E -F1(shift_v)144 216 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 228 R F1 -(shift)3.001 E F0 -.2(bu)3.001 G .501 -(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .502 +F1(shift_v)144 216 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .502(If set, the)184 228 R F1 +(shift)3.002 E F0 -.2(bu)3.002 G .501 +(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .501 (xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 240 Q F1(sour) -144 252 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .771(If set, the)184 264 R F1(sour)3.271 E -(ce)-.18 E F0(\()3.271 E F1(.)A F0 3.271(\)b)C .771(uiltin uses the v) --3.471 F .771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.27 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .77 -(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.02 F(\214le supplied as an ar) -184 276 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.) --.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 288 Q F0(If set, the)184 300 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 --.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 -E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend)108 316.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0(])A 1.001 -(Suspend the e)144 328.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.001 -(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G -F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.502(signal. A)3.252 F 1.002(login shell cannot be) -3.502 F .023(suspended; the)144 340.8 R F12.523 E F0 .023 -(option can be used to o)2.523 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 -(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .022(The return status is) -5.022 F 2.5(0u)144 352.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E +144 252 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .77(If set, the)184 264 R F1(sour)3.27 E(ce) +-.18 E F0(\()3.27 E F1(.)A F0 3.27(\)b)C .77(uiltin uses the v)-3.47 F +.771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.271 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .771 +(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.021 F +(\214le supplied as an ar)184 276 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F +(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 288 Q F0 +(If set, the)184 300 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E +(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend) +108 316.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0(])A 1.002(Suspend the e)144 328.8 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G 1.002(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.501(signal. A)3.251 F 1.001 +(login shell cannot be)3.501 F .022(suspended; the)144 340.8 R F1 +2.522 E F0 .022(option can be used to o)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 +(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .023(The return status is) +5.023 F 2.5(0u)144 352.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E F12.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 E F1(test)108 369.6 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([) -108 381.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .877 -(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 381.6 R .878 -(alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .878 +108 381.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .878 +(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 381.6 R .877 +(alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .877 (luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 393.6 S(pr).2 E F0 5.53(.E).73 G .53 (ach operator and operand must be a separate ar)-5.53 F 3.03 -(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 3.079 -(primaries described abo)144 405.6 R 3.379 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E -F2(CONDITION)5.579 E 3.079(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -(.)A F1(test)7.579 E F0 3.08(does not accept an)5.58 F(y)-.15 E +(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 3.08 +(primaries described abo)144 405.6 R 3.38 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 +(CONDITION)5.58 E 3.079(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A +F1(test)7.579 E F0 3.079(does not accept an)5.579 F(y)-.15 E (options, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 417.6 Q(gument of)-.18 -E F12.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 E .786 -(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 435.6 R .785 -(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.411 -(dence. The)144 447.6 R -.25(eva)3.411 G .911 -(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .912(guments; see belo)-.18 F -4.712 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .912(perator precedence is).65 F +E F12.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 E .785 +(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 435.6 R .786 +(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.412 +(dence. The)144 447.6 R -.25(eva)3.412 G .912 +(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .911(guments; see belo)-.18 F +4.711 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .911(perator precedence is).65 F (used when there are \214v)144 459.6 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G (ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 471.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 471.6 S(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 @@ -9173,9 +9175,9 @@ F1([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E E 2.5(2a)144 626.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) 180 638.4 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 -(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 650.4 R .38 -(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .679 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 662.4 Q .552 +(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 650.4 R .38 +(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .68 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 662.4 Q .553 (AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .552(the e)2.802 F .552 (xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .552 (If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 674.4 Q @@ -9186,7 +9188,7 @@ F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 (If the second ar)5.236 F .236(gument is one of)-.18 F .855 (the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 710.4 R 1.155 -.15 (ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F -F4(,)A F0(the)3.105 E .579(result of the e)180 722.4 R .578(xpression i\ +F4(,)A F0(the)3.104 E .578(result of the e)180 722.4 R .578(xpression i\ s the result of the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F (guments)-.18 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(76)199.835 E 0 Cg EP @@ -9195,25 +9197,25 @@ s the result of the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.332 -(as operands.)180 84 R(The)6.332 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF3.832 E F0 -(and)3.832 E F13.832 E F0 1.333 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.333 +(as operands.)180 84 R(The)6.333 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF3.833 E F0 +(and)3.833 E F13.832 E F0 1.332 (operators are considered binary operators when there are)3.832 F .558 (three ar)180 96 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 F .558(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F .558 (alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F(o-ar)-.1 -E(gument)-.18 E .52(test using the second and third ar)180 108 R 3.021 -(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .521(gument is e)-.18 F -(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.021 E F0 .521(and the third)3.021 F(ar)180 120 Q +E(gument)-.18 E .521(test using the second and third ar)180 108 R 3.021 +(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .52(gument is e)-.18 F +(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.02 E F0 .52(and the third)3.02 F(ar)180 120 Q .485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 E F0 2.985(,t)C .485 (he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485(gument test of the second ar)-.18 F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E(wise, the e)180 132 Q (xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 144 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(uments).18 E .384(If the \214rst ar)180 156 R .384(gument is)-.18 F F1 -(!)2.884 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 -G .385(tion of the three-ar).05 F .385(gument e)-.18 F .385 -(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.648(posed of the remaining ar)180 168 R 4.147 -(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.647 +(uments).18 E .385(If the \214rst ar)180 156 R .385(gument is)-.18 F F1 +(!)2.885 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 +G .384(tion of the three-ar).05 F .384(gument e)-.18 F .384 +(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.647(posed of the remaining ar)180 168 R 4.147 +(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.648 (xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G(luated).25 E (according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 180 Q -.15(ve) -.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 192 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 @@ -9227,72 +9229,71 @@ E F1(>)2.5 E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E processes run from the shell.)144 250.8 R(The return status is 0.)144 262.8 Q F1(trap)108 279.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E /F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...]) -2.5 E .702(The command)144 291.6 R F2(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0 .702 -(is to be read and e)3.422 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 -(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.203(ss).15 G -(ignal\(s\))-3.203 E F2(sigspec)3.203 E F0 5.703(.I).31 G(f)-5.703 E F2 -(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.423 E .609(absent \(and there is a single) +2.5 E .703(The command)144 291.6 R F2(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0 .703 +(is to be read and e)3.423 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 +(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.202(ss).15 G +(ignal\(s\))-3.202 E F2(sigspec)3.202 E F0 5.702(.I).31 G(f)-5.702 E F2 +(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.422 E .608(absent \(and there is a single) 144 303.6 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F13.108 E F0 3.108(,e)C .608 (ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F -.658(\(the v)144 315.6 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) --.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659 +.659(\(the v)144 315.6 R .659(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) +-.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .658 (is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F2(sigspec) -144.34 327.6 Q F0 .581 -(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58 -(is not present and)3.3 F F13.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214 +144.34 327.6 Q F0 .58(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in) +3.39 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.081(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.411 E(g)-.37 E +F0 .581(is not present and)3.301 F F13.081 E F0(has)3.081 E 1.215 (been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 339.6 R -F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215 +F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.214(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.214(If no ar)6.214 F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 351.6 R F13.36 E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 (prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83 (signal. The)144 363.6 R F12.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ -to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F -4.311(bers. Each)144 375.6 R F2(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811 -(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.621 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.81 -(>, or a signal number)B 6.81(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.81 E +to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F 4.31 +(bers. Each)144 375.6 R F2(sigspec)4.65 E F0 1.811 +(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.62 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.811 +(>, or a signal number)B 6.811(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.811 E (names are case insensiti)144 387.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.648 -(If a)144 405.6 R F2(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F3(EXIT)4.148 E F0 -1.648(\(0\) the command)3.898 F F2(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e) -4.369 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.649(xit from the shell.) --.15 F 1.649(If a)6.649 F F2(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F3(DEB)144 -417.6 Q(UG)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.168(the command)3.418 F -F2(ar)3.998 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.168(is e)3.888 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167 -(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.167(simple command) -3.667 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.667 E F0(command,)3.667 E F2(case)3.667 E F0 -(com-)3.667 E(mand,)144 429.6 Q F2(select)2.646 E F0 .146(command, e) -2.646 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .146(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)2.646 E F0 .147 -(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .147 -(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function \(see)144 441.6 R F3 .146 -(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.646 F F0(abo)2.396 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 -F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.645 E(ug)-.2 E F0 -.145(option to)2.645 F(the)144 453.6 Q F1(shopt)3.2 E F0 -.2(bu)3.2 G .7 -(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E(UG) --.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F2(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E F3 -(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .701(the com-)2.951 F(mand)144 465.6 Q F2(ar) -3.474 E(g)-.37 E F0 .644(is e)3.364 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 +/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.649 +(If a)144 405.6 R F2(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F3(EXIT)4.149 E F0 +1.649(\(0\) the command)3.899 F F2(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e) +4.369 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.648(xit from the shell.) +-.15 F 1.648(If a)6.648 F F2(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F3(DEB)144 +417.6 Q(UG)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.167(the command)3.417 F +F2(ar)3.997 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.167(is e)3.887 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167 +(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.168(simple command) +3.667 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.668 E F0(command,)3.668 E F2(case)3.668 E F0 +(com-)3.668 E(mand,)144 429.6 Q F2(select)2.647 E F0 .147(command, e) +2.647 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .147(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)2.647 E F0 .146 +(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.647 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .146 +(cutes in a).15 F .145(shell function \(see)144 441.6 R F3 .145 +(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.645 F F0(abo)2.395 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 +F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.646 E(ug)-.2 E F0 +.146(option to)2.646 F(the)144 453.6 Q F1(shopt)3.201 E F0 -.2(bu)3.201 +G .7(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E +(UG)-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F2(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E +F3(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .7(the com-)2.95 F(mand)144 465.6 Q F2(ar) +3.473 E(g)-.37 E F0 .643(is e)3.363 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 (cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.643(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.143 E F0(or)3.143 E F1(sour)3.143 E(ce) --.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.143 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 477.6 Q -.15(xe) --.15 G(cuting.).15 E .96(If a)144 495.6 R F2(sigspec)3.8 E F0(is)3.77 E -F3(ERR)3.46 E F4(,)A F0 .96(the command)3.21 F F2(ar)3.791 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.961(is e)3.681 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .961(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.461(rap).15 G .961(ipeline \(which may consist of a)-3.461 F .185(sin\ -gle simple command\), a list, or a compound command returns a non\255ze\ -ro e)144 507.6 R .184(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .451(the follo)144 -519.6 R .451(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.451 E F3(ERR)2.951 E F0 .451 -(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451(cuted if the f).15 F .452 -(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .388 -(mand list immediately follo)144 531.6 R .388(wing a)-.25 F F1(while) -2.888 E F0(or)2.888 E F1(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 -(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)2.897 E F0 .387 -(statement, part)4.847 F .777(of a command e)144 543.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.644(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.144 E F0(or)3.144 E F1(sour)3.144 E(ce) +-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.144 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 477.6 Q -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cuting.).15 E .961(If a)144 495.6 R F2(sigspec)3.801 E F0(is) +3.771 E F3(ERR)3.461 E F4(,)A F0 .961(the command)3.211 F F2(ar)3.791 E +(g)-.37 E F0 .961(is e)3.681 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .961(cuted whene).15 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.461(ra).15 G .96(pipeline \(which may consist of a) +-.001 F .185(single simple command\), a list, or a compound command ret\ +urns a non\255zero e)144 507.6 R .185(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .452 +(the follo)144 519.6 R .452(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.452 E F3(ERR) +2.952 E F0 .451(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451 +(cuted if the f).15 F .451(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .387 +(mand list immediately follo)144 531.6 R .387(wing a)-.25 F F1(while) +2.887 E F0(or)2.887 E F1(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 +(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)2.898 E F0 .388 +(statement, part)4.848 F .778(of a command e)144 543.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .778(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 .778 (list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778 -(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 -3.278(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.278 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 555.6 R +(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.277 E F0 +3.277(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.277 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 555.6 R 1.28(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v) -3.78 F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F F1(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 567.6 Q @@ -9301,40 +9302,41 @@ F1(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 567.6 Q (Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 585.6 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 (being ignored are reset to their original v)144 597.6 R .662 -(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .661(vironment when one is) +(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .662(vironment when one is) -.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 609.6 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an) -.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G (lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 626.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 638.4 S .173 -(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F2(name) -3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174 -(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F -F1144 650.4 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F1(type)3.343 E F0 +(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 638.4 S .174 +(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F2(name) +3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173 +(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F +F1144 650.4 Q F0 .842(option is used,)3.342 F F1(type)3.342 E F0 .843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F2(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E F2 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)3.343 E F0 -(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F2 -(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F2(name)144.36 662.4 Q F0 .086 -(is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086 -(ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F2 -(name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119 +(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.343 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.343(,o).24 G(r)-3.343 E F2 +(\214le)5.253 E F0(if)3.523 E F2(name)144.36 662.4 Q F0 .087 +(is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087 +(ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F2 +(name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118 (found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 674.4 R .118 -(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F -F12.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F1(type)2.618 E F0 .855 +(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F +F12.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F1(type)2.619 E F0 .855 (either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 686.4 R .855 (ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0 -.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if) -144 698.4 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141 -G .641(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E -F13.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F3 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189 -E F0 .112(search for each)144 710.4 R F2(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15 -(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F5 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0 --.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I) -.18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F12.613 E -F0(and)144 722.4 Q F13.231 E F0 .731(print the hashed v)3.231 F -.73(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in) --.25 F F3 -.666(PA)3.23 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .73(If the)5.23 F +.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .64(mand name, or nothing if)144 +698.4 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .64(type -t name)3.14 F F0 -.1(wo)3.14 G .641 +(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.141 E F0 5.641(.T).18 G(he)-5.641 E F1 +3.141 E F0 .641(option forces a)3.141 F F3 -.666(PA)3.141 G(TH) +-.189 E F0 .113(search for each)144 710.4 R F2(name)2.613 E F0 2.613(,e) +C -.15(ve)-2.863 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F5 .113(type -t name)2.613 +F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113 +(.I).18 G 2.613(fa)-5.113 G .112(command is hashed,)-.001 F F1 +2.612 E F0(and)144 722.4 Q F13.23 E F0 .73(print the hashed v)3.23 +F .731 +(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 +F F3 -.666(PA)3.231 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .731(If the)5.231 F (GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(77)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 78 78 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -9342,42 +9344,42 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF144 84 Q F0 1.748(option is used,)4.248 F F1(type)4.248 E F0 +SF144 84 Q F0 1.749(option is used,)4.249 F F1(type)4.248 E F0 1.748(prints all of the places that contain an e)4.248 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.748(cutable named).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)4.249 E F0 6.749 -(.T).18 G(his)-6.749 E .744 +1.748(cutable named).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)4.248 E F0 6.748 +(.T).18 G(his)-6.748 E .744 (includes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 96 R F1 -3.244 E F0 .744(option is not also used.)3.244 F .743 +3.244 E F0 .744(option is not also used.)3.244 F .744 (The table of hashed)5.744 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using) 144 108 R F13.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F13.723 E F0 -1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .326(with the) -144 120 R F1(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5.326 -E F0 .326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325 -(guments are found, f)-.18 F .325(alse if an)-.1 F 2.825(ya)-.15 G .325 -(re not)-2.825 F(found.)144 132 Q F1(ulimit)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .325(with the) +144 120 R F1(command)2.825 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5.325 +E F0 .325(returns true if all of the ar)2.825 F .326 +(guments are found, f)-.18 F .326(alse if an)-.1 F 2.826(ya)-.15 G .326 +(re not)-2.826 F(found.)144 132 Q F1(ulimit)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 (\255HSabcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPT)A F0([)2.5 E F2(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 -160.8 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243 -(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 +160.8 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.744(rt).15 G .244 +(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F -.944(that allo)144 172.8 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F -(The)5.944 E F13.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F13.444 E F0 .943 +.943(that allo)144 172.8 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F +(The)5.943 E F13.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F13.444 E F0 .944 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi) -144 184.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 +144 184.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208 (hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\ -ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 196.8 R .426 -(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F12.925 E -F0(nor)2.925 E F12.925 E F0 .425 -(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 +ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 196.8 R .425 +(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F12.926 E +F0(nor)2.926 E F12.926 E F0 .426 +(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 208.8 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F -.742(of the special v)144 220.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1 +.741(of the special v)144 220.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1 (soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78 (soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 232.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78 (is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25 -F .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 244.8 R F12.999 E F0 -.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498 +F .498(resource is printed, unless the)144 244.8 R F12.999 E F0 +.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499 (more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F (limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 256.8 Q 2.5 (alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1 @@ -9398,7 +9400,7 @@ Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 304.8 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se) (The maximum resident set size \(man)180 376.8 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G (ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1144 388.8 Q F0 .791(Th\ e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo) -180 388.8 R 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F +180 388.8 R 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F (be set\))180 400.8 Q F1144 412.8 Q F0 (The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 412.8 Q F1 144 424.8 Q F0 @@ -9416,16 +9418,16 @@ Q F1144 448.8 Q F0(The maximum stack size)180 448.8 Q F1144 (If)144 549.6 Q F2(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(n, and the).15 F F12.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468 -(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .045 -(no option is gi)144 561.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(n, then).15 F F1 -2.545 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 -(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .044(xcept for)-.15 F F1 -2.544 E F0 2.544(,w)C .044(hich is)-2.544 F 1.588(in seconds;)144 -573.6 R F14.088 E F0 4.089(,w)C 1.589 +(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .044 +(no option is gi)144 561.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .044(n, then).15 F F1 +2.544 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 +(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .045(xcept for)-.15 F F1 +2.545 E F0 2.545(,w)C .045(hich is)-2.545 F 1.589(in seconds;)144 +573.6 R F14.089 E F0 4.089(,w)C 1.589 (hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;)-4.089 F F14.089 E F0(,)A F1 4.089 E F0(,)A F14.089 E F0(,)A F14.089 E F0(,)A F1 -4.089 E F0 4.089(,a)C(nd)-4.089 E F14.089 E F0 4.089(,w)C -1.589(hich are)-4.089 F 1.476(unscaled v)144 585.6 R 1.476 +4.089 E F0 4.089(,a)C(nd)-4.089 E F14.089 E F0 4.088(,w)C +1.588(hich are)-4.088 F 1.476(unscaled v)144 585.6 R 1.476 (alues; and, when in posix mode,)-.25 F F13.976 E F0(and)3.976 E F13.976 E F0 3.976(,w)C 1.476(hich are in 512-byte increments.) -3.976 F(The)6.476 E .404(return status is 0 unless an in)144 597.6 R @@ -9438,15 +9440,15 @@ F1A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A (gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\ therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\ pted by)144 650.4 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 -662.4 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382 +662.4 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382 (alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F12.882 E F0 .382 (option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547 (printed in symbolic form; the def)144 674.4 R .547 (ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G (he)-3.047 E F13.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2 -(mode)144.38 686.4 Q F0 .552 -(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232 -F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 698.4 Q +(mode)144.38 686.4 Q F0 .551 +(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231 +F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 698.4 Q (as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E (gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E (GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(78)199.835 E 0 Cg EP @@ -9465,68 +9467,68 @@ F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155 F(remo)144 108 Q (alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0 (is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 124.8 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 (fv)A F0 2.5(][)C-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...]) -2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 136.8 S 3.828(re).15 G(ach)-3.828 E F2(name)3.828 E F0 -3.828(,r).18 G(emo)-3.828 E 1.628 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.328 +2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 136.8 S 3.827(re).15 G(ach)-3.827 E F2(name)3.827 E F0 +3.827(,r).18 G(emo)-3.827 E 1.627 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.327 (he corresponding v).15 F 1.327(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.327 -(If the)6.327 F F13.827 E F0 1.327(option is gi)3.827 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 1.327(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 148.8 Q F0 1.55 -(refers to a shell v)4.23 F 1.551(ariable, and that v)-.25 F 1.551 -(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.051(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va) -4.051 G 1.551(riables may not be).25 F 4.642(unset. If)144 160.8 R F1 -4.642 E F0 2.142(is speci\214ed, each)4.642 F F2(name)5.001 E F0 +(If the)6.327 F F13.828 E F0 1.328(option is gi)3.828 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G 1.328(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 148.8 Q F0 1.551 +(refers to a shell v)4.231 F 1.551(ariable, and that v)-.25 F 1.551 +(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.05(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va) +4.05 G 1.55(riables may not be).25 F 4.641(unset. If)144 160.8 R F1 +4.641 E F0 2.141(is speci\214ed, each)4.641 F F2(name)5.001 E F0 2.141(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is)4.821 -F(remo)144 172.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.537(d. If).15 F(the)2.537 E F1 +F(remo)144 172.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.538(d. If).15 F(the)2.537 E F1 2.537 E F0 .037(option is supplied, and)2.537 F F2(name)2.537 E F0 .037 (is a v)2.537 F .037(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.537 E(ef)-.37 E -F0(attrib)2.537 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.537 E F0(will)2.538 E .492 +F0(attrib)2.537 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.537 E F0(will)2.537 E .492 (be unset rather than the v)144 184.8 R .492(ariable it references.)-.25 F F15.492 E F0 .492(has no ef)2.992 F .492(fect if the)-.25 F F1 -2.992 E F0 .492(option is supplied.)2.992 F .492(If no)5.492 F .22 -(options are supplied, each)144 196.8 R F2(name)2.72 E F0 .22 -(refers to a v)2.72 F .221(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .221 -(ariable by that name, an)-.25 F 2.721(yf)-.15 G(unc-)-2.721 E 1.189 +2.992 E F0 .492(option is supplied.)2.992 F .493(If no)5.493 F +.221(options are supplied, each)144 196.8 R F2(name)2.721 E F0 .221 +(refers to a v)2.721 F .22(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .22 +(ariable by that name, an)-.25 F 2.72(yf)-.15 G(unc-)-2.72 E 1.188 (tion with that name is unset.)144 208.8 R 1.189(Each unset v)6.189 F -1.189(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.688(df).15 G -1.188(rom the en)-3.688 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.205 +1.189(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.689(df).15 G +1.189(rom the en)-3.689 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.206 (passed to subsequent commands.)144 220.8 R 3.206(If an)8.206 F 5.706 (yo)-.15 G(f)-5.706 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)5.706 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 -E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)5.456 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)5.456 E -F4(,)A F3(LINENO)144 232.8 Q F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.348 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) -4.348 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.348 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.348 E +E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)5.455 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)5.455 E +F4(,)A F3(LINENO)144 232.8 Q F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.347 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) +4.347 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.347 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.348 E F3(DIRST)4.598 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0 2.098(are unset, the)4.348 -F 4.597(yl)-.15 G 2.097(ose their special)-4.597 F(properties, e)144 +F 4.598(yl)-.15 G 2.098(ose their special)-4.598 F(properties, e)144 244.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he)-2.5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re subsequently reset.)-2.5 E(The e)5 E(xit status is true unless a) -.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 261.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(id ...)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 273.6 S .659(it for each speci\214ed child process and return its termi\ -nation status.).8 F(Each)5.659 E F2(id)3.169 E F0 .659(may be a process) -3.929 F .009(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 285.6 -R -.15(ve)-.25 G .008(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.508(sp)-.55 -G .008(ipeline are w)-2.508 F .008(aited for)-.1 F 5.008(.I)-.55 G(f) --5.008 E F2(id)144.01 297.6 Q F0 .521(is not gi)3.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +nation status.).8 F(Each)5.659 E F2(id)3.169 E F0 .658(may be a process) +3.928 F .008(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 285.6 +R -.15(ve)-.25 G .009(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.509(sp)-.55 +G .009(ipeline are w)-2.509 F .009(aited for)-.1 F 5.009(.I)-.55 G(f) +-5.009 E F2(id)144.01 297.6 Q F0 .522(is not gi)3.792 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .521(n, all currently acti).15 F .821 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .521 (hild processes are w).15 F .521(aited for)-.1 F 3.021(,a)-.4 G .521 -(nd the return status is zero.)-3.021 F(If)5.522 E(the)144 309.6 Q F1 -3.057 E F0 .557(option is supplied,)3.057 F F1(wait)3.057 E F0 -.1 +(nd the return status is zero.)-3.021 F(If)5.521 E(the)144 309.6 Q F1 +3.056 E F0 .556(option is supplied,)3.056 F F1(wait)3.057 E F0 -.1 (wa)3.057 G .557(its for an).1 F 3.057(yj)-.15 G .557 -(ob to terminate and returns its e)-3.057 F .557(xit status.)-.15 F .556 -(If the)5.556 F F13.056 E F0 .586 +(ob to terminate and returns its e)-3.057 F .557(xit status.)-.15 F .557 +(If the)5.557 F F13.057 E F0 .587 (option is supplied, and job control is enabled,)144 321.6 R F1(wait) -3.086 E F0(forces)3.086 E F2(id)3.086 E F0 .587 -(to terminate before returning its sta-)3.086 F .756 +3.086 E F0(forces)3.086 E F2(id)3.086 E F0 .586 +(to terminate before returning its sta-)3.086 F .755 (tus, instead of returning when it changes status.)144 333.6 R(If)5.756 -E F2(id)3.266 E F0 .755(speci\214es a non-e)4.026 F .755 +E F2(id)3.266 E F0 .756(speci\214es a non-e)4.026 F .756 (xistent process or job, the)-.15 F .365(return status is 127.)144 345.6 R .365(Otherwise, the return status is the e)5.365 F .365 (xit status of the last process or job w)-.15 F(aited)-.1 E(for)144 357.6 Q(.)-.55 E/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(RESTRICTED SHELL)72 374.4 Q F0 -(If)108 386.4 Q F1(bash)4.397 E F0 1.897(is started with the name)4.397 +(If)108 386.4 Q F1(bash)4.396 E F0 1.896(is started with the name)4.396 F F1(rbash)4.397 E F0 4.397(,o)C 4.397(rt)-4.397 G(he)-4.397 E F1 -4.397 E F0 1.896(option is supplied at in)4.397 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.896 -(cation, the shell becomes).2 F 3.445(restricted. A)108 398.4 R .945 -(restricted shell is used to set up an en)3.445 F .946 -(vironment more controlled than the standard shell.)-.4 F(It)5.946 E +4.397 E F0 1.897(option is supplied at in)4.397 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.897 +(cation, the shell becomes).2 F 3.446(restricted. A)108 398.4 R .945 +(restricted shell is used to set up an en)3.446 F .945 +(vironment more controlled than the standard shell.)-.4 F(It)5.945 E (beha)108 410.4 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(si).15 G(dentically to)-2.5 E F1 (bash)2.5 E F0(with the e)2.5 E(xception that the follo)-.15 E (wing are disallo)-.25 E(wed or not performed:)-.25 E<83>108 427.2 Q @@ -9537,12 +9539,12 @@ F F1(rbash)4.397 E F0 4.397(,o)C 4.397(rt)-4.397 G(he)-4.397 E F1 (specifying command names containing)144 460.8 Q F1(/)2.5 E F0<83>108 477.6 Q(specifying a \214lename containing a)144 477.6 Q F1(/)2.5 E F0 (as an ar)2.5 E(gument to the)-.18 E F1(.)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)5 G -(iltin command).2 E<83>108 494.4 Q .45 +(iltin command).2 E<83>108 494.4 Q .449 (specifying a \214lename containing a slash as an ar)144 494.4 R .449 -(gument to the)-.18 F F12.949 E F0 .449(option to the)2.949 F F1 -(hash)2.949 E F0 -.2(bu)2.949 G .449(iltin com-).2 F(mand)144 506.4 Q -<83>108 523.2 Q(importing function de\214nitions from the shell en)144 -523.2 Q(vironment at startup)-.4 E<83>108 540 Q(parsing the v)144 540 Q +(gument to the)-.18 F F12.95 E F0 .45(option to the)2.95 F F1 +(hash)2.95 E F0 -.2(bu)2.95 G .45(iltin com-).2 F(mand)144 506.4 Q<83> +108 523.2 Q(importing function de\214nitions from the shell en)144 523.2 +Q(vironment at startup)-.4 E<83>108 540 Q(parsing the v)144 540 Q (alue of)-.25 E F3(SHELLOPTS)2.5 E F0(from the shell en)2.25 E (vironment at startup)-.4 E<83>108 556.8 Q(redirecting output using the\ >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirection operators)144 556.8 Q<83>108 @@ -9560,8 +9562,8 @@ Q(specifying the)144 624 Q F12.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1 (These restrictions are enforced after an)108 657.6 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G (tartup \214les are read.)-2.5 E 1.566 (When a command that is found to be a shell script is e)108 674.4 R -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.567(cuted \(see).15 F F3 1.567(COMMAND EXECUTION)4.067 F F0 -(abo)3.817 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\),).15 E F1(rbash)108 686.4 Q F0(turns of) +(xe)-.15 G 1.566(cuted \(see).15 F F3 1.566(COMMAND EXECUTION)4.066 F F0 +(abo)3.816 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\),).15 E F1(rbash)108 686.4 Q F0(turns of) 2.5 E 2.5(fa)-.25 G .3 -.15(ny r)-2.5 H(estrictions in the shell spa).15 E(wned to e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the script.).15 E F5(SEE ALSO)72 703.2 Q F0(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E(79)199.835 E 0 Cg @@ -9602,20 +9604,20 @@ E F0(initialization \214le)2.5 E F2 -.548(AU)72 357.6 S(THORS).548 E F0 (bfox@gnu.or)108 381.6 Q(g)-.18 E(Chet Rame)108 398.4 Q 1.3 -.65(y, C) -.15 H(ase W).65 E(estern Reserv)-.8 E 2.5(eU)-.15 G(ni)-2.5 E -.15(ve) -.25 G(rsity).15 E(chet.rame)108 410.4 Q(y@case.edu)-.15 E F2 -.11(BU)72 -427.2 S 2.738(GR).11 G(EPOR)-2.738 E(TS)-.438 E F0 .568 +427.2 S 2.738(GR).11 G(EPOR)-2.738 E(TS)-.438 E F0 .567 (If you \214nd a b)108 439.2 R .568(ug in)-.2 F F3(bash,)3.068 E F0 .568 (you should report it.)3.068 F .568(But \214rst, you should mak)5.568 F -3.068(es)-.1 G .568(ure that it really is a b)-3.068 F .567(ug, and)-.2 -F 5.625(that it appears in the latest v)108 451.2 R 5.625(ersion of)-.15 -F F3(bash)8.125 E F0 10.625(.T)C 5.625(he latest v)-10.625 F 5.626 -(ersion is al)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 5.626(ys a).1 F -.25(va)-.2 G 5.626 +3.068(es)-.1 G .568(ure that it really is a b)-3.068 F .568(ug, and)-.2 +F 5.626(that it appears in the latest v)108 451.2 R 5.625(ersion of)-.15 +F F3(bash)8.125 E F0 10.625(.T)C 5.625(he latest v)-10.625 F 5.625 +(ersion is al)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 5.625(ys a).1 F -.25(va)-.2 G 5.625 (ilable from).25 F F1(ftp://ftp.gnu.or)108 463.2 Q(g/pub/gnu/bash/)-.37 -E F0(.)A .411(Once you ha)108 480 R .711 -.15(ve d)-.2 H .411 -(etermined that a b).15 F .411(ug actually e)-.2 F .411(xists, use the) --.15 F F1(bashb)3.18 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .41(command to submit a b)3.13 F .41 -(ug report.)-.2 F(If)5.41 E .594(you ha)108 492 R .894 -.15(ve a \214) --.2 H .595(x, you are encouraged to mail that as well!).15 F .595 -(Suggestions and `philosophical' b)5.595 F .595(ug reports may)-.2 F +E F0(.)A .41(Once you ha)108 480 R .71 -.15(ve d)-.2 H .41 +(etermined that a b).15 F .41(ug actually e)-.2 F .411(xists, use the) +-.15 F F1(bashb)3.181 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .411(command to submit a b)3.131 F +.411(ug report.)-.2 F(If)5.411 E .595(you ha)108 492 R .895 -.15 +(ve a \214)-.2 H .595(x, you are encouraged to mail that as well!).15 F +.594(Suggestions and `philosophical' b)5.595 F .594(ug reports may)-.2 F (be mailed to)108 504 Q F1 -.2(bu)2.5 G(g-bash@gnu.or).2 E(g)-.37 E F0 (or posted to the Usenet ne)2.5 E(wsgroup)-.25 E F3(gnu.bash.b)2.5 E(ug) -.2 E F0(.)A(ALL b)108 520.8 Q(ug reports should include:)-.2 E(The v) @@ -9629,10 +9631,10 @@ G(rcises the b).15 E(ug)-.2 E F1(bashb)108.27 602.4 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 619.2 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2 E F1 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et.r).15 E(ame)-.15 E(y@case)-.3 E(.edu)-.15 E F0(.) .25 E F2 -.11(BU)72 636 S(GS).11 E F0(It')108 648 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G -(oo big and too slo)-2.5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G 1.869 -(There are some subtle dif)108 664.8 R 1.869(ferences between)-.25 F F3 +(oo big and too slo)-2.5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G 1.868 +(There are some subtle dif)108 664.8 R 1.868(ferences between)-.25 F F3 (bash)4.369 E F0 1.869(and traditional v)4.369 F 1.869(ersions of)-.15 F -F3(sh)4.368 E F0 4.368(,m)C 1.868(ostly because of the)-4.368 F/F4 9 +F3(sh)4.369 E F0 4.369(,m)C 1.869(ostly because of the)-4.369 F/F4 9 /Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 676.8 Q F0(speci\214cation.)2.25 E (Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 693.6 Q(Shell b)108 710.4 Q (uiltin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.)-.2 E @@ -9644,14 +9646,14 @@ re not handled gracefully when)108 727.2 R(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .39 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .389 (process suspension is attempted.)108 84 R .389 -(When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.39 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G .389(cutes the ne).15 F .389(xt com-)-.15 F .192 -(mand in the sequence.)108 96 R .192(It suf)5.192 F .192(\214ces to pla\ -ce the sequence of commands between parentheses to force it into a)-.25 -F(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 108 Q(Array v)108 124.8 -Q(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E +(When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.389 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G .39(cutes the ne).15 F .39(xt com-)-.15 F .193(mand in the sequence.) +108 96 R .192(It suf)5.193 F .192(\214ces to place the sequence of comm\ +ands between parentheses to force it into a)-.25 F +(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 108 Q(Array v)108 124.8 Q +(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E (There may be only one acti)108 141.6 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H (oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2018 June 8)150.675 E (81)199.835 E 0 Cg EP diff --git a/doc/bashref.aux b/doc/bashref.aux index 8ee06423..0eeac4e0 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.aux +++ b/doc/bashref.aux @@ -332,17 +332,17 @@ @xrdef{Installing Bash-snt}{Chapter@tie 10} @xrdef{Basic Installation-title}{Basic Installation} @xrdef{Basic Installation-snt}{Section@tie 10.1} -@xrdef{Installing Bash-pg}{145} -@xrdef{Basic Installation-pg}{145} +@xrdef{Installing Bash-pg}{146} +@xrdef{Basic Installation-pg}{146} @xrdef{Compilers and Options-title}{Compilers and Options} @xrdef{Compilers and Options-snt}{Section@tie 10.2} @xrdef{Compiling For Multiple Architectures-title}{Compiling For Multiple Architectures} @xrdef{Compiling For Multiple Architectures-snt}{Section@tie 10.3} @xrdef{Installation Names-title}{Installation Names} @xrdef{Installation Names-snt}{Section@tie 10.4} -@xrdef{Compilers and Options-pg}{146} -@xrdef{Compiling For Multiple Architectures-pg}{146} -@xrdef{Installation Names-pg}{146} +@xrdef{Compilers and Options-pg}{147} +@xrdef{Compiling For Multiple Architectures-pg}{147} +@xrdef{Installation Names-pg}{147} @xrdef{Specifying the System Type-title}{Specifying the System Type} @xrdef{Specifying the System Type-snt}{Section@tie 10.5} @xrdef{Sharing Defaults-title}{Sharing Defaults} @@ -351,34 +351,34 @@ @xrdef{Operation Controls-snt}{Section@tie 10.7} @xrdef{Optional Features-title}{Optional Features} @xrdef{Optional Features-snt}{Section@tie 10.8} -@xrdef{Specifying the System Type-pg}{147} -@xrdef{Sharing Defaults-pg}{147} -@xrdef{Operation Controls-pg}{147} -@xrdef{Optional Features-pg}{148} +@xrdef{Specifying the System Type-pg}{148} +@xrdef{Sharing Defaults-pg}{148} +@xrdef{Operation Controls-pg}{148} +@xrdef{Optional Features-pg}{149} @xrdef{Reporting Bugs-title}{Reporting Bugs} @xrdef{Reporting Bugs-snt}{Appendix@tie @char65{}} -@xrdef{Reporting Bugs-pg}{153} +@xrdef{Reporting Bugs-pg}{154} @xrdef{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell-title}{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell} @xrdef{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell-snt}{Appendix@tie @char66{}} -@xrdef{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell-pg}{154} +@xrdef{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell-pg}{155} @xrdef{GNU Free Documentation License-title}{GNU Free Documentation License} @xrdef{GNU Free Documentation License-snt}{Appendix@tie @char67{}} -@xrdef{GNU Free Documentation License-pg}{160} +@xrdef{GNU Free Documentation License-pg}{161} @xrdef{Indexes-title}{Indexes} @xrdef{Indexes-snt}{Appendix@tie @char68{}} @xrdef{Builtin Index-title}{Index of Shell Builtin Commands} @xrdef{Builtin Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.1} -@xrdef{Indexes-pg}{168} -@xrdef{Builtin Index-pg}{168} +@xrdef{Indexes-pg}{169} +@xrdef{Builtin Index-pg}{169} @xrdef{Reserved Word Index-title}{Index of Shell Reserved Words} @xrdef{Reserved Word Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.2} @xrdef{Variable Index-title}{Parameter and Variable Index} @xrdef{Variable Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.3} -@xrdef{Reserved Word Index-pg}{169} -@xrdef{Variable Index-pg}{170} +@xrdef{Reserved Word Index-pg}{170} +@xrdef{Variable Index-pg}{171} @xrdef{Function Index-title}{Function Index} @xrdef{Function Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.4} -@xrdef{Function Index-pg}{172} +@xrdef{Function Index-pg}{173} @xrdef{Concept Index-title}{Concept Index} @xrdef{Concept Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.5} -@xrdef{Concept Index-pg}{174} +@xrdef{Concept Index-pg}{175} diff --git a/doc/bashref.cp b/doc/bashref.cp index 6f910575..7304a206 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.cp +++ b/doc/bashref.cp @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ \entry{history expansion}{142}{history expansion} \entry{event designators}{143}{event designators} \entry{history events}{143}{history events} -\entry{installation}{145}{installation} -\entry{configuration}{145}{configuration} -\entry{Bash installation}{145}{Bash installation} -\entry{Bash configuration}{145}{Bash configuration} +\entry{installation}{146}{installation} +\entry{configuration}{146}{configuration} +\entry{Bash installation}{146}{Bash installation} +\entry{Bash configuration}{146}{Bash configuration} diff --git a/doc/bashref.cps b/doc/bashref.cps index eb4fc3f0..f541884f 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.cps +++ b/doc/bashref.cps @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ \entry {arrays}{93} \initial {B} \entry {background}{102} -\entry {Bash configuration}{145} -\entry {Bash installation}{145} +\entry {Bash configuration}{146} +\entry {Bash installation}{146} \entry {Bourne shell}{5} \entry {brace expansion}{23} \entry {builtin}{3} @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ \entry {commands, simple}{8} \entry {comments, shell}{7} \entry {completion builtins}{133} -\entry {configuration}{145} +\entry {configuration}{146} \entry {control operator}{3} \entry {coprocess}{15} \initial {D} @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ \initial {I} \entry {identifier}{3} \entry {initialization file, readline}{109} -\entry {installation}{145} +\entry {installation}{146} \entry {interaction, readline}{106} \entry {interactive shell}{86, 87} \entry {internationalization}{7} diff --git a/doc/bashref.dvi b/doc/bashref.dvi index 6036a7fc..79d8cc27 100644 Binary files a/doc/bashref.dvi and b/doc/bashref.dvi differ diff --git a/doc/bashref.html b/doc/bashref.html index 71199972..ae2e869d 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.html +++ b/doc/bashref.html @@ -1452,7 +1452,8 @@ to be matched as a string.

An additional binary operator, ‘=~’, is available, with the same precedence as ‘==’ and ‘!=’. When it is used, the string to the right of the operator is considered -an extended regular expression and matched accordingly (as in regex3)). +a POSIX extended regular expression and matched accordingly +(as in regex3)). The return value is 0 if the string matches the pattern, and 1 otherwise. If the regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional @@ -2499,11 +2500,11 @@ interpreted as part of its name.

If the first character of parameter is an exclamation point (!), and parameter is not a nameref, -it introduces a level of variable indirection. -Bash uses the value of the variable formed from the rest of -parameter as the name of the variable; this variable is then -expanded and that value is used in the rest of the substitution, rather -than the value of parameter itself. +it introduces a level of indirection. +Bash uses the value formed by expanding the rest of +parameter as the new parameter; this is then +expanded and that value is used in the rest of the expansion, rather +than the expansion of the original parameter. This is known as indirect expansion. The value is subject to tilde expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion. @@ -6593,7 +6594,8 @@ The shell sets BASH_ARGC only when in extended debugging mode (see The Shopt Builtin for a description of the extdebug option to the shopt builtin). -Setting extdebug after the shell has started to execute a script +Setting extdebug after the shell has started to execute a script, +or referencing this variable when extdebug is not set, may result in inconsistent values.

@@ -6609,7 +6611,8 @@ The shell sets BASH_ARGV only when in extended debugging mode (see The Shopt Builtin for a description of the extdebug option to the shopt builtin). -Setting extdebug after the shell has started to execute a script +Setting extdebug after the shell has started to execute a script, +or referencing this variable when extdebug is not set, may result in inconsistent values.

@@ -12659,8 +12662,8 @@ fix errors in previous commands quickly.

History expansion is performed immediately after a complete line is read, before the shell breaks it into words, and is performed -on each line individually without taking quoting on previous lines into -account. +on each line individually. Bash attempts to inform the history +expansion functions about quoting still in effect from previous lines.

History expansion takes place in two parts. The first is to determine which line from the history list should be used during substitution. @@ -12673,8 +12676,18 @@ that Bash does, so that several words surrounded by quotes are considered one word. History expansions are introduced by the appearance of the history expansion character, which is ‘!’ by default. -Only ‘\’ and ‘'’ may be used to escape the history expansion -character, but the history expansion character is +

+

History expansion implements shell-like quoting conventions: +a backslash can be used to remove the special handling for the next character; +single quotes enclose verbatim sequences of characters, and can be used to +inhibit history expansion; +and characters enclosed within double quotes may be subject to history +expansion, since backslash can escape the history expansion character, +but single quotes may not, since they are not treated specially within +double quotes. +

+

When using the shell, only ‘\’ and ‘'’ may be used to escape the +history expansion character, but the history expansion character is also treated as quoted if it immediately precedes the closing double quote in a double-quoted string.

diff --git a/doc/bashref.info b/doc/bashref.info index 6b189782..50308e3c 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.info +++ b/doc/bashref.info @@ -890,25 +890,25 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: Conditional Constructs, Next: Command Grouping, Pre An additional binary operator, '=~', is available, with the same precedence as '==' and '!='. When it is used, the string to the - right of the operator is considered an extended regular expression - and matched accordingly (as in regex3)). The return value is 0 if - the string matches the pattern, and 1 otherwise. If the regular - expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional expression's - return value is 2. If the 'nocasematch' shell option (see the - description of 'shopt' in *note The Shopt Builtin::) is enabled, - the match is performed without regard to the case of alphabetic - characters. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to force the - quoted portion to be matched as a string. Bracket expressions in - regular expressions must be treated carefully, since normal quoting - characters lose their meanings between brackets. If the pattern is - stored in a shell variable, quoting the variable expansion forces - the entire pattern to be matched as a string. Substrings matched - by parenthesized subexpressions within the regular expression are - saved in the array variable 'BASH_REMATCH'. The element of - 'BASH_REMATCH' with index 0 is the portion of the string matching - the entire regular expression. The element of 'BASH_REMATCH' with - index N is the portion of the string matching the Nth parenthesized - subexpression. + right of the operator is considered a POSIX extended regular + expression and matched accordingly (as in regex3)). The return + value is 0 if the string matches the pattern, and 1 otherwise. If + the regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional + expression's return value is 2. If the 'nocasematch' shell option + (see the description of 'shopt' in *note The Shopt Builtin::) is + enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of + alphabetic characters. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to + force the quoted portion to be matched as a string. Bracket + expressions in regular expressions must be treated carefully, since + normal quoting characters lose their meanings between brackets. If + the pattern is stored in a shell variable, quoting the variable + expansion forces the entire pattern to be matched as a string. + Substrings matched by parenthesized subexpressions within the + regular expression are saved in the array variable 'BASH_REMATCH'. + The element of 'BASH_REMATCH' with index 0 is the portion of the + string matching the entire regular expression. The element of + 'BASH_REMATCH' with index N is the portion of the string matching + the Nth parenthesized subexpression. For example, the following will match a line (stored in the shell variable LINE) if there is a sequence of characters in the value @@ -1670,18 +1670,17 @@ parameter with more than one digit, or when PARAMETER is followed by a character that is not to be interpreted as part of its name. If the first character of PARAMETER is an exclamation point (!), and -PARAMETER is not a NAMEREF, it introduces a level of variable -indirection. Bash uses the value of the variable formed from the rest -of PARAMETER as the name of the variable; this variable is then expanded -and that value is used in the rest of the substitution, rather than the -value of PARAMETER itself. This is known as 'indirect expansion'. The -value is subject to tilde expansion, parameter expansion, command -substitution, and arithmetic expansion. If PARAMETER is a nameref, this -expands to the name of the variable referenced by PARAMETER instead of -performing the complete indirect expansion. The exceptions to this are -the expansions of ${!PREFIX*} and ${!NAME[@]} described below. The -exclamation point must immediately follow the left brace in order to -introduce indirection. +PARAMETER is not a NAMEREF, it introduces a level of indirection. Bash +uses the value formed by expanding the rest of PARAMETER as the new +PARAMETER; this is then expanded and that value is used in the rest of +the expansion, rather than the expansion of the original PARAMETER. +This is known as 'indirect expansion'. The value is subject to tilde +expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic +expansion. If PARAMETER is a nameref, this expands to the name of the +variable referenced by PARAMETER instead of performing the complete +indirect expansion. The exceptions to this are the expansions of +${!PREFIX*} and ${!NAME[@]} described below. The exclamation point must +immediately follow the left brace in order to introduce indirection. In each of the cases below, WORD is subject to tilde expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion. @@ -4843,7 +4842,8 @@ Variables::). onto 'BASH_ARGC'. The shell sets 'BASH_ARGC' only when in extended debugging mode (see *note The Shopt Builtin:: for a description of the 'extdebug' option to the 'shopt' builtin). Setting 'extdebug' - after the shell has started to execute a script may result in + after the shell has started to execute a script, or referencing + this variable when 'extdebug' is not set, may result in inconsistent values. 'BASH_ARGV' @@ -4855,7 +4855,8 @@ Variables::). sets 'BASH_ARGV' only when in extended debugging mode (see *note The Shopt Builtin:: for a description of the 'extdebug' option to the 'shopt' builtin). Setting 'extdebug' after the shell has - started to execute a script may result in inconsistent values. + started to execute a script, or referencing this variable when + 'extdebug' is not set, may result in inconsistent values. 'BASH_ARGV0' When referenced, this variable expands to the name of the shell or @@ -9294,7 +9295,8 @@ previous commands quickly. History expansion is performed immediately after a complete line is read, before the shell breaks it into words, and is performed on each -line individually without taking quoting on previous lines into account. +line individually. Bash attempts to inform the history expansion +functions about quoting still in effect from previous lines. History expansion takes place in two parts. The first is to determine which line from the history list should be used during @@ -9305,10 +9307,20 @@ are called "words". Various "modifiers" are available to manipulate the selected words. The line is broken into words in the same fashion that Bash does, so that several words surrounded by quotes are considered one word. History expansions are introduced by the appearance of the -history expansion character, which is '!' by default. Only '\' and ''' -may be used to escape the history expansion character, but the history -expansion character is also treated as quoted if it immediately precedes -the closing double quote in a double-quoted string. +history expansion character, which is '!' by default. + + History expansion implements shell-like quoting conventions: a +backslash can be used to remove the special handling for the next +character; single quotes enclose verbatim sequences of characters, and +can be used to inhibit history expansion; and characters enclosed within +double quotes may be subject to history expansion, since backslash can +escape the history expansion character, but single quotes may not, since +they are not treated specially within double quotes. + + When using the shell, only '\' and ''' may be used to escape the +history expansion character, but the history expansion character is also +treated as quoted if it immediately precedes the closing double quote in +a double-quoted string. Several shell options settable with the 'shopt' builtin (*note The Shopt Builtin::) may be used to tailor the behavior of history @@ -11062,21 +11074,21 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index * BASHPID: Bash Variables. (line 25) * BASH_ALIASES: Bash Variables. (line 32) * BASH_ARGC: Bash Variables. (line 41) -* BASH_ARGV: Bash Variables. (line 53) -* BASH_ARGV0: Bash Variables. (line 64) -* BASH_CMDS: Bash Variables. (line 72) -* BASH_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 81) -* BASH_COMPAT: Bash Variables. (line 86) -* BASH_ENV: Bash Variables. (line 101) -* BASH_EXECUTION_STRING: Bash Variables. (line 107) -* BASH_LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 110) -* BASH_LOADABLES_PATH: Bash Variables. (line 118) -* BASH_REMATCH: Bash Variables. (line 122) -* BASH_SOURCE: Bash Variables. (line 130) -* BASH_SUBSHELL: Bash Variables. (line 137) -* BASH_VERSINFO: Bash Variables. (line 142) -* BASH_VERSION: Bash Variables. (line 165) -* BASH_XTRACEFD: Bash Variables. (line 168) +* BASH_ARGV: Bash Variables. (line 54) +* BASH_ARGV0: Bash Variables. (line 66) +* BASH_CMDS: Bash Variables. (line 74) +* BASH_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 83) +* BASH_COMPAT: Bash Variables. (line 88) +* BASH_ENV: Bash Variables. (line 103) +* BASH_EXECUTION_STRING: Bash Variables. (line 109) +* BASH_LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 112) +* BASH_LOADABLES_PATH: Bash Variables. (line 120) +* BASH_REMATCH: Bash Variables. (line 124) +* BASH_SOURCE: Bash Variables. (line 132) +* BASH_SUBSHELL: Bash Variables. (line 139) +* BASH_VERSINFO: Bash Variables. (line 144) +* BASH_VERSION: Bash Variables. (line 167) +* BASH_XTRACEFD: Bash Variables. (line 170) * bell-style: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 38) * bind-tty-special-chars: Readline Init File Syntax. @@ -11085,12 +11097,12 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index (line 50) * CDPATH: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 9) -* CHILD_MAX: Bash Variables. (line 179) +* CHILD_MAX: Bash Variables. (line 181) * colored-completion-prefix: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 55) * colored-stats: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 62) -* COLUMNS: Bash Variables. (line 186) +* COLUMNS: Bash Variables. (line 188) * comment-begin: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 68) * completion-display-width: Readline Init File Syntax. @@ -11103,90 +11115,90 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index (line 91) * completion-query-items: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 98) -* COMPREPLY: Bash Variables. (line 238) -* COMP_CWORD: Bash Variables. (line 192) -* COMP_KEY: Bash Variables. (line 221) -* COMP_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 198) -* COMP_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 203) -* COMP_TYPE: Bash Variables. (line 211) -* COMP_WORDBREAKS: Bash Variables. (line 225) -* COMP_WORDS: Bash Variables. (line 231) +* COMPREPLY: Bash Variables. (line 240) +* COMP_CWORD: Bash Variables. (line 194) +* COMP_KEY: Bash Variables. (line 223) +* COMP_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 200) +* COMP_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 205) +* COMP_TYPE: Bash Variables. (line 213) +* COMP_WORDBREAKS: Bash Variables. (line 227) +* COMP_WORDS: Bash Variables. (line 233) * convert-meta: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 108) -* COPROC: Bash Variables. (line 244) -* DIRSTACK: Bash Variables. (line 248) +* COPROC: Bash Variables. (line 246) +* DIRSTACK: Bash Variables. (line 250) * disable-completion: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 116) * echo-control-characters: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 121) * editing-mode: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 126) -* EMACS: Bash Variables. (line 258) +* EMACS: Bash Variables. (line 260) * emacs-mode-string: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 132) * enable-bracketed-paste: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 142) * enable-keypad: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 150) -* ENV: Bash Variables. (line 263) -* EPOCHREALTIME: Bash Variables. (line 267) -* EPOCHSECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 275) -* EUID: Bash Variables. (line 282) -* EXECIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 286) +* ENV: Bash Variables. (line 265) +* EPOCHREALTIME: Bash Variables. (line 269) +* EPOCHSECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 277) +* EUID: Bash Variables. (line 284) +* EXECIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 288) * expand-tilde: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 161) -* FCEDIT: Bash Variables. (line 299) -* FIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 303) -* FUNCNAME: Bash Variables. (line 309) -* FUNCNEST: Bash Variables. (line 326) -* GLOBIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 331) -* GROUPS: Bash Variables. (line 338) -* histchars: Bash Variables. (line 344) -* HISTCMD: Bash Variables. (line 359) -* HISTCONTROL: Bash Variables. (line 364) -* HISTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 380) -* HISTFILESIZE: Bash Variables. (line 384) -* HISTIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 395) +* FCEDIT: Bash Variables. (line 301) +* FIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 305) +* FUNCNAME: Bash Variables. (line 311) +* FUNCNEST: Bash Variables. (line 328) +* GLOBIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 333) +* GROUPS: Bash Variables. (line 340) +* histchars: Bash Variables. (line 346) +* HISTCMD: Bash Variables. (line 361) +* HISTCONTROL: Bash Variables. (line 366) +* HISTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 382) +* HISTFILESIZE: Bash Variables. (line 386) +* HISTIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 397) * history-preserve-point: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 165) * history-size: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 171) -* HISTSIZE: Bash Variables. (line 415) -* HISTTIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 422) +* HISTSIZE: Bash Variables. (line 417) +* HISTTIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 424) * HOME: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 13) * horizontal-scroll-mode: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 180) -* HOSTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 430) -* HOSTNAME: Bash Variables. (line 441) -* HOSTTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 444) +* HOSTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 432) +* HOSTNAME: Bash Variables. (line 443) +* HOSTTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 446) * IFS: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 18) -* IGNOREEOF: Bash Variables. (line 447) +* IGNOREEOF: Bash Variables. (line 449) * input-meta: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 187) -* INPUTRC: Bash Variables. (line 457) +* INPUTRC: Bash Variables. (line 459) * isearch-terminators: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 195) * keymap: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 202) -* LANG: Bash Variables. (line 461) -* LC_ALL: Bash Variables. (line 465) -* LC_COLLATE: Bash Variables. (line 469) -* LC_CTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 476) +* LANG: Bash Variables. (line 463) +* LC_ALL: Bash Variables. (line 467) +* LC_COLLATE: Bash Variables. (line 471) +* LC_CTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 478) * LC_MESSAGES: Locale Translation. (line 11) -* LC_MESSAGES <1>: Bash Variables. (line 481) -* LC_NUMERIC: Bash Variables. (line 485) -* LC_TIME: Bash Variables. (line 489) -* LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 493) -* LINES: Bash Variables. (line 497) -* MACHTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 503) +* LC_MESSAGES <1>: Bash Variables. (line 483) +* LC_NUMERIC: Bash Variables. (line 487) +* LC_TIME: Bash Variables. (line 491) +* LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 495) +* LINES: Bash Variables. (line 499) +* MACHTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 505) * MAIL: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 22) -* MAILCHECK: Bash Variables. (line 507) +* MAILCHECK: Bash Variables. (line 509) * MAILPATH: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 27) -* MAPFILE: Bash Variables. (line 515) +* MAPFILE: Bash Variables. (line 517) * mark-modified-lines: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 232) * mark-symlinked-directories: Readline Init File Syntax. @@ -11197,42 +11209,42 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index (line 249) * meta-flag: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 187) -* OLDPWD: Bash Variables. (line 519) +* OLDPWD: Bash Variables. (line 521) * OPTARG: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 34) -* OPTERR: Bash Variables. (line 522) +* OPTERR: Bash Variables. (line 524) * OPTIND: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 38) -* OSTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 526) +* OSTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 528) * output-meta: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 254) * page-completions: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 260) * PATH: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 42) -* PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables. (line 529) -* POSIXLY_CORRECT: Bash Variables. (line 534) -* PPID: Bash Variables. (line 543) -* PROMPT_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 547) -* PROMPT_DIRTRIM: Bash Variables. (line 551) -* PS0: Bash Variables. (line 557) +* PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables. (line 531) +* POSIXLY_CORRECT: Bash Variables. (line 536) +* PPID: Bash Variables. (line 545) +* PROMPT_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 549) +* PROMPT_DIRTRIM: Bash Variables. (line 553) +* PS0: Bash Variables. (line 559) * PS1: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 48) * PS2: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 53) -* PS3: Bash Variables. (line 562) -* PS4: Bash Variables. (line 567) -* PWD: Bash Variables. (line 575) -* RANDOM: Bash Variables. (line 578) -* READLINE_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 583) -* READLINE_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 587) -* REPLY: Bash Variables. (line 591) +* PS3: Bash Variables. (line 564) +* PS4: Bash Variables. (line 569) +* PWD: Bash Variables. (line 577) +* RANDOM: Bash Variables. (line 580) +* READLINE_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 585) +* READLINE_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 589) +* REPLY: Bash Variables. (line 593) * revert-all-at-newline: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 270) -* SECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 594) -* SHELL: Bash Variables. (line 600) -* SHELLOPTS: Bash Variables. (line 605) -* SHLVL: Bash Variables. (line 614) +* SECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 596) +* SHELL: Bash Variables. (line 602) +* SHELLOPTS: Bash Variables. (line 607) +* SHLVL: Bash Variables. (line 616) * show-all-if-ambiguous: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 276) * show-all-if-unmodified: Readline Init File Syntax. @@ -11243,10 +11255,10 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index (line 297) * TEXTDOMAIN: Locale Translation. (line 11) * TEXTDOMAINDIR: Locale Translation. (line 11) -* TIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 619) -* TMOUT: Bash Variables. (line 657) -* TMPDIR: Bash Variables. (line 669) -* UID: Bash Variables. (line 673) +* TIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 621) +* TMOUT: Bash Variables. (line 659) +* TMPDIR: Bash Variables. (line 671) +* UID: Bash Variables. (line 675) * vi-cmd-mode-string: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 310) * vi-ins-mode-string: Readline Init File Syntax. @@ -11637,112 +11649,112 @@ Node: Lists23773 Node: Compound Commands25512 Node: Looping Constructs26524 Node: Conditional Constructs29019 -Node: Command Grouping40099 -Node: Coprocesses41578 -Node: GNU Parallel43481 -Node: Shell Functions47539 -Node: Shell Parameters54622 -Node: Positional Parameters59035 -Node: Special Parameters59935 -Node: Shell Expansions63649 -Node: Brace Expansion65772 -Node: Tilde Expansion68496 -Node: Shell Parameter Expansion70844 -Node: Command Substitution85327 -Node: Arithmetic Expansion86682 -Node: Process Substitution87614 -Node: Word Splitting88734 -Node: Filename Expansion90678 -Node: Pattern Matching93208 -Node: Quote Removal97194 -Node: Redirections97489 -Node: Executing Commands107047 -Node: Simple Command Expansion107717 -Node: Command Search and Execution109647 -Node: Command Execution Environment112023 -Node: Environment115007 -Node: Exit Status116666 -Node: Signals118336 -Node: Shell Scripts120303 -Node: Shell Builtin Commands122818 -Node: Bourne Shell Builtins124856 -Node: Bash Builtins145514 -Node: Modifying Shell Behavior174422 -Node: The Set Builtin174767 -Node: The Shopt Builtin185180 -Node: Special Builtins202050 -Node: Shell Variables203029 -Node: Bourne Shell Variables203466 -Node: Bash Variables205570 -Node: Bash Features235584 -Node: Invoking Bash236483 -Node: Bash Startup Files242496 -Node: Interactive Shells247599 -Node: What is an Interactive Shell?248009 -Node: Is this Shell Interactive?248658 -Node: Interactive Shell Behavior249473 -Node: Bash Conditional Expressions252960 -Node: Shell Arithmetic257326 -Node: Aliases260143 -Node: Arrays262691 -Node: The Directory Stack268057 -Node: Directory Stack Builtins268841 -Node: Controlling the Prompt271809 -Node: The Restricted Shell274575 -Node: Bash POSIX Mode276400 -Node: Job Control286751 -Node: Job Control Basics287211 -Node: Job Control Builtins292179 -Node: Job Control Variables296906 -Node: Command Line Editing298062 -Node: Introduction and Notation299733 -Node: Readline Interaction301356 -Node: Readline Bare Essentials302547 -Node: Readline Movement Commands304330 -Node: Readline Killing Commands305290 -Node: Readline Arguments307208 -Node: Searching308252 -Node: Readline Init File310438 -Node: Readline Init File Syntax311585 -Node: Conditional Init Constructs331985 -Node: Sample Init File336181 -Node: Bindable Readline Commands339298 -Node: Commands For Moving340502 -Node: Commands For History342351 -Node: Commands For Text346646 -Node: Commands For Killing350034 -Node: Numeric Arguments352515 -Node: Commands For Completion353654 -Node: Keyboard Macros357845 -Node: Miscellaneous Commands358532 -Node: Readline vi Mode364485 -Node: Programmable Completion365392 -Node: Programmable Completion Builtins372986 -Node: A Programmable Completion Example383514 -Node: Using History Interactively388754 -Node: Bash History Facilities389438 -Node: Bash History Builtins392443 -Node: History Interaction396974 -Node: Event Designators400041 -Node: Word Designators401260 -Node: Modifiers402897 -Node: Installing Bash404299 -Node: Basic Installation405436 -Node: Compilers and Options408694 -Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures409435 -Node: Installation Names411128 -Node: Specifying the System Type411946 -Node: Sharing Defaults412662 -Node: Operation Controls413335 -Node: Optional Features414293 -Node: Reporting Bugs424811 -Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell426005 -Node: GNU Free Documentation License442857 -Node: Indexes468034 -Node: Builtin Index468488 -Node: Reserved Word Index475315 -Node: Variable Index477763 -Node: Function Index493441 -Node: Concept Index506744 +Node: Command Grouping40102 +Node: Coprocesses41581 +Node: GNU Parallel43484 +Node: Shell Functions47542 +Node: Shell Parameters54625 +Node: Positional Parameters59038 +Node: Special Parameters59938 +Node: Shell Expansions63652 +Node: Brace Expansion65775 +Node: Tilde Expansion68499 +Node: Shell Parameter Expansion70847 +Node: Command Substitution85303 +Node: Arithmetic Expansion86658 +Node: Process Substitution87590 +Node: Word Splitting88710 +Node: Filename Expansion90654 +Node: Pattern Matching93184 +Node: Quote Removal97170 +Node: Redirections97465 +Node: Executing Commands107023 +Node: Simple Command Expansion107693 +Node: Command Search and Execution109623 +Node: Command Execution Environment111999 +Node: Environment114983 +Node: Exit Status116642 +Node: Signals118312 +Node: Shell Scripts120279 +Node: Shell Builtin Commands122794 +Node: Bourne Shell Builtins124832 +Node: Bash Builtins145490 +Node: Modifying Shell Behavior174398 +Node: The Set Builtin174743 +Node: The Shopt Builtin185156 +Node: Special Builtins202026 +Node: Shell Variables203005 +Node: Bourne Shell Variables203442 +Node: Bash Variables205546 +Node: Bash Features235686 +Node: Invoking Bash236585 +Node: Bash Startup Files242598 +Node: Interactive Shells247701 +Node: What is an Interactive Shell?248111 +Node: Is this Shell Interactive?248760 +Node: Interactive Shell Behavior249575 +Node: Bash Conditional Expressions253062 +Node: Shell Arithmetic257428 +Node: Aliases260245 +Node: Arrays262793 +Node: The Directory Stack268159 +Node: Directory Stack Builtins268943 +Node: Controlling the Prompt271911 +Node: The Restricted Shell274677 +Node: Bash POSIX Mode276502 +Node: Job Control286853 +Node: Job Control Basics287313 +Node: Job Control Builtins292281 +Node: Job Control Variables297008 +Node: Command Line Editing298164 +Node: Introduction and Notation299835 +Node: Readline Interaction301458 +Node: Readline Bare Essentials302649 +Node: Readline Movement Commands304432 +Node: Readline Killing Commands305392 +Node: Readline Arguments307310 +Node: Searching308354 +Node: Readline Init File310540 +Node: Readline Init File Syntax311687 +Node: Conditional Init Constructs332087 +Node: Sample Init File336283 +Node: Bindable Readline Commands339400 +Node: Commands For Moving340604 +Node: Commands For History342453 +Node: Commands For Text346748 +Node: Commands For Killing350136 +Node: Numeric Arguments352617 +Node: Commands For Completion353756 +Node: Keyboard Macros357947 +Node: Miscellaneous Commands358634 +Node: Readline vi Mode364587 +Node: Programmable Completion365494 +Node: Programmable Completion Builtins373088 +Node: A Programmable Completion Example383616 +Node: Using History Interactively388856 +Node: Bash History Facilities389540 +Node: Bash History Builtins392545 +Node: History Interaction397076 +Node: Event Designators400696 +Node: Word Designators401915 +Node: Modifiers403552 +Node: Installing Bash404954 +Node: Basic Installation406091 +Node: Compilers and Options409349 +Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures410090 +Node: Installation Names411783 +Node: Specifying the System Type412601 +Node: Sharing Defaults413317 +Node: Operation Controls413990 +Node: Optional Features414948 +Node: Reporting Bugs425466 +Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell426660 +Node: GNU Free Documentation License443512 +Node: Indexes468689 +Node: Builtin Index469143 +Node: Reserved Word Index475970 +Node: Variable Index478418 +Node: Function Index494096 +Node: Concept Index507399  End Tag Table diff --git a/doc/bashref.log b/doc/bashref.log index 2b2bcf0e..3e44f2f0 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.log +++ b/doc/bashref.log @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.18 (TeX Live 2017/MacPorts 2017_2) (preloaded format=pdfetex 2017.7.5) 8 JUN 2018 16:17 +This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.18 (TeX Live 2017/MacPorts 2017_2) (preloaded format=pdfetex 2017.7.5) 16 JUL 2018 10:36 entering extended mode restricted \write18 enabled. file:line:error style messages enabled. @@ -261,43 +261,43 @@ texinfo.tex: doing @include of hsuser.texi (/usr/homes/chet/src/bash/src/lib/readline/doc/hsuser.texi Chapter 9 [139] -[140] [141] [142] [143]) Chapter 10 [144] [145] [146] [147] [148] [149] -[150] [151] Appendix A [152] Appendix B [153] [154] [155] [156] [157] [158] -Appendix C [159] +[140] [141] [142] [143] [144]) Chapter 10 [145] [146] [147] [148] [149] +[150] [151] [152] Appendix A [153] Appendix B [154] [155] [156] [157] [158] +[159] Appendix C [160] texinfo.tex: doing @include of fdl.texi - (/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/fdl.texi [160] [161] [162] -[163] [164] [165] [166]) Appendix D [167] [168] [169] [170] [171] [172] -[173] [174] [175] [176] ) + (/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/fdl.texi [161] [162] +[163] [164] [165] [166] [167]) Appendix D [168] [169] [170] [171] [172] +[173] [174] [175] [176] [177] ) Here is how much of TeX's memory you used: - 4064 strings out of 497104 - 47069 string characters out of 6206767 - 136590 words of memory out of 5000000 + 4065 strings out of 497104 + 47072 string characters out of 6206767 + 136573 words of memory out of 5000000 4846 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000 34315 words of font info for 116 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000 51 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191 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h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)29 b -Fu(174)p eop end +Fu(175)p eop end %%Page: 1 7 TeXDict begin 1 6 bop 3705 -116 a Fu(1)150 299 y Fp(1)80 b(In)l(tro)t(duction)150 604 y Fs(1.1)68 b(What)45 b(is)g(Bash?)150 @@ -8912,117 +8950,118 @@ b(An)m(y)30 b(part)g(of)h(the)f(pattern)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(quoted)g(to) 630 2225 y(force)h(the)g(quoted)f(p)s(ortion)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(matc)m(hed) h(as)g(a)f(string.)630 2365 y(An)j(additional)i(binary)e(op)s(erator,)i (`)p Ft(=~)p Fu(',)g(is)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable,)37 b(with)c(the)h(same)g -(precedence)h(as)630 2475 y(`)p Ft(==)p Fu(')29 b(and)f(`)p -Ft(!=)p Fu('.)40 b(When)29 b(it)g(is)g(used,)f(the)h(string)g(to)h(the) -e(righ)m(t)i(of)f(the)g(op)s(erator)g(is)g(consid-)630 -2585 y(ered)34 b(an)g(extended)g(regular)g(expression)g(and)f(matc)m -(hed)i(accordingly)g(\(as)f(in)g Fl(r)-5 b(e)g(gex)11 -b Fu(3\)\).)630 2694 y(The)29 b(return)f(v)-5 b(alue)30 -b(is)g(0)g(if)f(the)h(string)g(matc)m(hes)g(the)g(pattern,)g(and)f(1)h -(otherwise.)41 b(If)29 b(the)630 2804 y(regular)e(expression)g(is)h -(syn)m(tactically)i(incorrect,)f(the)e(conditional)i(expression's)e -(return)630 2913 y(v)-5 b(alue)40 b(is)g(2.)68 b(If)39 -b(the)h Ft(nocasematch)c Fu(shell)k(option)g(\(see)g(the)g(description) -g(of)f Ft(shopt)f Fu(in)630 3023 y(Section)32 b(4.3.2)g([The)f(Shopt)f -(Builtin],)i(page)g(65\))g(is)f(enabled,)g(the)g(matc)m(h)h(is)e(p)s -(erformed)630 3133 y(without)36 b(regard)g(to)h(the)f(case)h(of)f -(alphab)s(etic)h(c)m(haracters.)59 b(An)m(y)36 b(part)g(of)h(the)f -(pattern)630 3242 y(ma)m(y)31 b(b)s(e)f(quoted)h(to)g(force)g(the)g -(quoted)g(p)s(ortion)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(matc)m(hed)h(as)g(a)g(string.)41 -b(Brac)m(k)m(et)630 3352 y(expressions)27 b(in)f(regular)i(expressions) -e(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)g(treated)h(carefully)-8 b(,)29 b(since)e(normal)g -(quot-)630 3461 y(ing)38 b(c)m(haracters)h(lose)f(their)g(meanings)f(b) -s(et)m(w)m(een)h(brac)m(k)m(ets.)64 b(If)37 b(the)h(pattern)f(is)h -(stored)630 3571 y(in)33 b(a)i(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariable,)35 -b(quoting)f(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)35 b(expansion)e(forces)i(the)f(en)m -(tire)g(pattern)g(to)630 3680 y(b)s(e)h(matc)m(hed)i(as)f(a)g(string.) -56 b(Substrings)34 b(matc)m(hed)j(b)m(y)f(paren)m(thesized)g(sub)s -(expressions)630 3790 y(within)k(the)g(regular)g(expression)g(are)g(sa) -m(v)m(ed)i(in)d(the)i(arra)m(y)f(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b -Ft(BASH_REMATCH)p Fu(.)630 3900 y(The)30 b(elemen)m(t)i(of)e -Ft(BASH_REMATCH)d Fu(with)j(index)g(0)h(is)g(the)f(p)s(ortion)g(of)h -(the)f(string)h(matc)m(h-)630 4009 y(ing)j(the)g(en)m(tire)g(regular)g -(expression.)50 b(The)34 b(elemen)m(t)h(of)f Ft(BASH_REMATCH)c -Fu(with)j(index)g Fr(n)630 4119 y Fu(is)d(the)h(p)s(ortion)f(of)g(the)h -(string)f(matc)m(hing)i(the)e Fr(n)p Fu(th)g(paren)m(thesized)h(sub)s -(expression.)630 4260 y(F)-8 b(or)28 b(example,)h(the)e(follo)m(wing)i +(precedence)h(as)630 2475 y(`)p Ft(==)p Fu(')g(and)g(`)p +Ft(!=)p Fu('.)55 b(When)35 b(it)g(is)h(used,)f(the)h(string)f(to)h(the) +f(righ)m(t)h(of)f(the)h(op)s(erator)f(is)g(con-)630 2585 +y(sidered)43 b(a)h Fm(POSIX)f Fu(extended)h(regular)g(expression)f(and) +g(matc)m(hed)i(accordingly)f(\(as)630 2694 y(in)d Fl(r)-5 +b(e)g(gex)11 b Fu(3\)\).)76 b(The)41 b(return)f(v)-5 +b(alue)42 b(is)g(0)f(if)h(the)f(string)h(matc)m(hes)g(the)g(pattern,)j +(and)c(1)630 2804 y(otherwise.)59 b(If)35 b(the)i(regular)f(expression) +g(is)g(syn)m(tactically)j(incorrect,)g(the)e(conditional)630 +2913 y(expression's)27 b(return)f(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(is)f(2.)40 +b(If)27 b(the)g Ft(nocasematch)e Fu(shell)i(option)h(\(see)g(the)f +(descrip-)630 3023 y(tion)41 b(of)g Ft(shopt)f Fu(in)h(Section)g(4.3.2) +i([The)e(Shopt)f(Builtin],)k(page)e(65\))g(is)f(enabled,)j(the)630 +3133 y(matc)m(h)36 b(is)f(p)s(erformed)e(without)i(regard)g(to)h(the)f +(case)h(of)f(alphab)s(etic)g(c)m(haracters.)56 b(An)m(y)630 +3242 y(part)25 b(of)h(the)g(pattern)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(quoted)h(to)g +(force)g(the)g(quoted)f(p)s(ortion)g(to)i(b)s(e)d(matc)m(hed)j(as)630 +3352 y(a)34 b(string.)49 b(Brac)m(k)m(et)36 b(expressions)c(in)h +(regular)h(expressions)f(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)f(treated)j(carefully)-8 +b(,)630 3461 y(since)37 b(normal)f(quoting)h(c)m(haracters)g(lose)g +(their)g(meanings)f(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(brac)m(k)m(ets.)60 +b(If)36 b(the)630 3571 y(pattern)e(is)g(stored)g(in)f(a)i(shell)f(v)-5 +b(ariable,)36 b(quoting)e(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)35 b(expansion)e(forces) +i(the)630 3680 y(en)m(tire)30 b(pattern)e(to)i(b)s(e)e(matc)m(hed)h(as) +g(a)g(string.)40 b(Substrings)27 b(matc)m(hed)j(b)m(y)e(paren)m +(thesized)630 3790 y(sub)s(expressions)40 b(within)h(the)g(regular)h +(expression)f(are)h(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(in)e(the)h(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 +b(ariable)630 3900 y Ft(BASH_REMATCH)p Fu(.)56 b(The)37 +b(elemen)m(t)h(of)f Ft(BASH_REMATCH)c Fu(with)j(index)h(0)g(is)g(the)f +(p)s(ortion)h(of)630 4009 y(the)22 b(string)f(matc)m(hing)h(the)g(en)m +(tire)g(regular)g(expression.)37 b(The)21 b(elemen)m(t)i(of)e +Ft(BASH_REMATCH)630 4119 y Fu(with)26 b(index)h Fr(n)f +Fu(is)h(the)g(p)s(ortion)f(of)h(the)g(string)g(matc)m(hing)h(the)f +Fr(n)p Fu(th)f(paren)m(thesized)h(sub)s(ex-)630 4228 +y(pression.)630 4369 y(F)-8 b(or)28 b(example,)h(the)e(follo)m(wing)i (will)e(matc)m(h)h(a)g(line)f(\(stored)h(in)e(the)i(shell)f(v)-5 -b(ariable)28 b Fr(line)5 b Fu(\))28 b(if)630 4369 y(there)22 +b(ariable)28 b Fr(line)5 b Fu(\))28 b(if)630 4479 y(there)22 b(is)g(a)h(sequence)f(of)h(c)m(haracters)g(in)f(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)23 b(consisting)g(of)f(an)m(y)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)f(including)630 -4479 y(zero,)31 b(of)g(space)g(c)m(haracters,)h(zero)f(or)g(one)f +4589 y(zero,)31 b(of)g(space)g(c)m(haracters,)h(zero)f(or)g(one)f (instances)h(of)g(`)p Ft(a)p Fu(',)f(then)g(a)h(`)p Ft(b)p -Fu(':)870 4620 y Ft([[)47 b($line)g(=~)g([[:space:]]*?\(a\)b)c(]])630 -4761 y Fu(That)24 b(means)g(v)-5 b(alues)24 b(lik)m(e)h(`)p +Fu(':)870 4729 y Ft([[)47 b($line)g(=~)g([[:space:]]*?\(a\)b)c(]])630 +4870 y Fu(That)24 b(means)g(v)-5 b(alues)24 b(lik)m(e)h(`)p Ft(aab)p Fu(')e(and)h(`)30 b 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b(are)g(used)f(b)s +(kslashes,)i(since)f(bac)m(k-)630 1437 y(slashes)27 b(are)g(used)f(b)s (oth)g(b)m(y)h(the)f(shell)h(and)f(regular)h(expressions)g(to)g(remo)m -(v)m(e)h(the)f(sp)s(ecial)630 1450 y(meaning)h(from)f(the)h(follo)m +(v)m(e)h(the)f(sp)s(ecial)630 1547 y(meaning)h(from)f(the)h(follo)m (wing)i(c)m(haracter.)41 b(The)27 b(follo)m(wing)j(t)m(w)m(o)f(sets)f -(of)g(commands)g(are)630 1560 y Fl(not)40 b Fu(equiv)-5 -b(alen)m(t:)870 1697 y Ft(pattern='\\.')870 1916 y([[)47 -b(.)h(=~)f($pattern)e(]])870 2026 y([[)i(.)h(=~)f(\\.)g(]])870 -2245 y([[)g(.)h(=~)f("$pattern")e(]])870 2355 y([[)i(.)h(=~)f('\\.')f -(]])630 2492 y Fu(The)28 b(\014rst)h(t)m(w)m(o)h(matc)m(hes)g(will)f +(of)g(commands)g(are)630 1656 y Fl(not)40 b Fu(equiv)-5 +b(alen)m(t:)870 1787 y Ft(pattern='\\.')870 2006 y([[)47 +b(.)h(=~)f($pattern)e(]])870 2116 y([[)i(.)h(=~)f(\\.)g(]])870 +2335 y([[)g(.)h(=~)f("$pattern")e(]])870 2445 y([[)i(.)h(=~)f('\\.')f +(]])630 2576 y Fu(The)28 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Fk(3.2.4.3)63 b(Grouping)43 b(Commands)150 5121 y Fu(Bash)30 b(pro)m(vides)g(t)m(w)m @@ -9866,31 +9905,29 @@ b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(25)275 299 y(If)34 b(the)h(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)i(of)f Fr(parameter)42 b Fu(is)35 b(an)g(exclamation)i(p)s(oin)m(t)e(\(!\),)i(and)d Fr(parameter)42 b Fu(is)34 b(not)i(a)150 408 y Fr(nameref)p -Fu(,)i(it)f(in)m(tro)s(duces)f(a)h(lev)m(el)h(of)f(v)-5 -b(ariable)37 b(indirection.)59 b(Bash)37 b(uses)f(the)g(v)-5 -b(alue)37 b(of)g(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)150 518 y(formed)22 -b(from)f(the)h(rest)h(of)f Fr(parameter)29 b Fu(as)22 -b(the)g(name)h(of)f(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable;)26 b(this)c(v)-5 -b(ariable)23 b(is)f(then)g(expanded)150 628 y(and)34 -b(that)h(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(is)g(used)f(in)g(the)h(rest)g(of)g(the)g -(substitution,)g(rather)g(than)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)35 -b(of)g Fr(parameter)150 737 y Fu(itself.)74 b(This)41 -b(is)g(kno)m(wn)g(as)g Ft(indirect)28 b(expansion)p Fu(.)71 -b(The)41 b(v)-5 b(alue)42 b(is)f(sub)5 b(ject)41 b(to)h(tilde)g 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+s(dify)e(directories)630 628 y(already)41 b(in)f(the)h(stac)m(k,)k(but) +40 b(the)h Ft(pushd)e Fu(and)h Ft(popd)f Fu(builtins)h(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e) +e(used)h(to)i(add)630 737 y(and)37 b(remo)m(v)m(e)h(directories.)63 b(Assignmen)m(t)37 b(to)h(this)f(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(will)g(not)f(c)m -(hange)i(the)e(cur-)630 628 y(ren)m(t)c(directory)-8 +(hange)i(the)e(cur-)630 847 y(ren)m(t)c(directory)-8 b(.)47 b(If)32 b Ft(DIRSTACK)e Fu(is)i(unset,)g(it)h(loses)g(its)g(sp)s (ecial)g(prop)s(erties,)f(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)630 -737 y(subsequen)m(tly)d(reset.)150 896 y Ft(EMACS)240 +956 y(subsequen)m(tly)d(reset.)150 1115 y Ft(EMACS)240 b Fu(If)31 b(Bash)h(\014nds)d(this)j(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(in)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(when)e(the)i(shell)f(starts)h(with)f -(v)-5 b(alue)630 1005 y(`)p Ft(t)p Fu(',)36 b(it)f(assumes)f(that)h +(v)-5 b(alue)630 1224 y(`)p Ft(t)p Fu(',)36 b(it)f(assumes)f(that)h (the)g(shell)f(is)h(running)e(in)h(an)g(Emacs)h(shell)g(bu\013er)e(and) -h(disables)630 1115 y(line)d(editing.)150 1273 y Ft(ENV)336 +h(disables)630 1334 y(line)d(editing.)150 1492 y Ft(ENV)336 b Fu(Similar)35 b(to)g Ft(BASH_ENV)p Fu(;)h(used)e(when)g(the)h(shell)g (is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(in)e Fm(posix)h Fu(Mo)s(de)g(\(see)g(Sec-)630 -1383 y(tion)c(6.11)h([Bash)f(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(98\).)150 -1541 y Ft(EPOCHREALTIME)630 1650 y Fu(Eac)m(h)38 b(time)f(this)g +1602 y(tion)c(6.11)h([Bash)f(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(98\).)150 +1760 y Ft(EPOCHREALTIME)630 1870 y Fu(Eac)m(h)38 b(time)f(this)g (parameter)h(is)f(referenced,)i(it)f(expands)e(to)i(the)f(n)m(um)m(b)s -(er)f(of)h(seconds)630 1760 y(since)f(the)g(Unix)f(Ep)s(o)s(c)m(h)g(as) +(er)f(of)h(seconds)630 1979 y(since)f(the)g(Unix)f(Ep)s(o)s(c)m(h)g(as) h(a)g(\015oating)h(p)s(oin)m(t)f(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(with)f(micro-second)i -(gran)m(ularit)m(y)630 1870 y(\(see)42 b(the)g(do)s(cumen)m(tation)g +(gran)m(ularit)m(y)630 2089 y(\(see)42 b(the)g(do)s(cumen)m(tation)g (for)f(the)g(C)g(library)g(function)g Fr(time)47 b Fu(for)41 -b(the)h(de\014nition)f(of)630 1979 y(Ep)s(o)s(c)m(h\).)82 +b(the)h(de\014nition)f(of)630 2198 y(Ep)s(o)s(c)m(h\).)82 b(Assignmen)m(ts)44 b(to)h Ft(EPOCHREALTIME)c Fu(are)j(ignored.)83 -b(If)43 b Ft(EPOCHREALTIME)e Fu(is)630 2089 y(unset,)30 +b(If)43 b Ft(EPOCHREALTIME)e Fu(is)630 2308 y(unset,)30 b(it)h(loses)g(its)g(sp)s(ecial)g(prop)s(erties,)f(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h -(is)g(subsequen)m(tly)f(reset.)150 2247 y Ft(EPOCHSECONDS)630 -2357 y Fu(Eac)m(h)38 b(time)f(this)g(parameter)h(is)f(referenced,)i(it) +(is)g(subsequen)m(tly)f(reset.)150 2466 y Ft(EPOCHSECONDS)630 +2576 y Fu(Eac)m(h)38 b(time)f(this)g(parameter)h(is)f(referenced,)i(it) f(expands)e(to)i(the)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(seconds)630 -2466 y(since)e(the)g(Unix)f(Ep)s(o)s(c)m(h)g(\(see)i(the)f(do)s(cumen)m +2685 y(since)e(the)g(Unix)f(Ep)s(o)s(c)m(h)g(\(see)i(the)f(do)s(cumen)m (tation)g(for)g(the)f(C)h(library)f(function)g Fr(time)630 -2576 y Fu(for)41 b(the)g(de\014nition)g(of)h(Ep)s(o)s(c)m(h\).)73 +2795 y Fu(for)41 b(the)g(de\014nition)g(of)h(Ep)s(o)s(c)m(h\).)73 b(Assignmen)m(ts)41 b(to)h Ft(EPOCHSECONDS)c Fu(are)k(ignored.)73 -b(If)630 2685 y Ft(EPOCHSECONDS)27 b Fu(is)j(unset,)g(it)g(loses)h(its) +b(If)630 2905 y Ft(EPOCHSECONDS)27 b Fu(is)j(unset,)g(it)g(loses)h(its) g(sp)s(ecial)f(prop)s(erties,)g(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)g(is)g(subsequen)m -(tly)630 2795 y(reset.)150 2953 y Ft(EUID)288 b Fu(The)30 +(tly)630 3014 y(reset.)150 3173 y Ft(EUID)288 b Fu(The)30 b(n)m(umeric)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)d(id)g(of)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f (user.)40 b(This)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8 -b(.)150 3112 y Ft(EXECIGNORE)630 3221 y Fu(A)29 b(colon-separated)h +b(.)150 3331 y Ft(EXECIGNORE)630 3440 y Fu(A)29 b(colon-separated)h (list)f(of)g(shell)g(patterns)f(\(see)i(Section)f(3.5.8.1)i([P)m -(attern)f(Matc)m(hing],)630 3331 y(page)j(32\))g(de\014ning)e(the)h +(attern)f(Matc)m(hing],)630 3550 y(page)j(32\))g(de\014ning)e(the)h (list)g(of)g(\014lenames)g(to)g(b)s(e)g(ignored)g(b)m(y)f(command)h -(searc)m(h)g(using)630 3440 y Ft(PATH)p Fu(.)k(Files)22 +(searc)m(h)g(using)630 3660 y Ft(PATH)p Fu(.)k(Files)22 b(whose)f(full)g(pathnames)g(matc)m(h)h(one)f(of)g(these)h(patterns)e -(are)i(not)f(considered)630 3550 y(executable)j(\014les)e(for)g(the)h +(are)i(not)f(considered)630 3769 y(executable)j(\014les)e(for)g(the)h (purp)s(oses)d(of)j(completion)h(and)d(command)i(execution)g(via)g -Ft(PATH)630 3660 y Fu(lo)s(okup.)56 b(This)35 b(do)s(es)g(not)h +Ft(PATH)630 3879 y Fu(lo)s(okup.)56 b(This)35 b(do)s(es)g(not)h (a\013ect)i(the)d(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(of)g(the)g Ft([)p Fu(,)h Ft(test)p Fu(,)f(and)f Ft([[)g Fu(commands.)630 -3769 y(F)-8 b(ull)42 b(pathnames)e(in)h(the)g(command)g(hash)f(table)i +3988 y(F)-8 b(ull)42 b(pathnames)e(in)h(the)g(command)g(hash)f(table)i (are)g(not)f(sub)5 b(ject)41 b(to)g Ft(EXECIGNORE)p Fu(.)630 -3879 y(Use)30 b(this)f(v)-5 b(ariable)30 b(to)g(ignore)g(shared)f +4098 y(Use)30 b(this)f(v)-5 b(ariable)30 b(to)g(ignore)g(shared)f 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+4853 y(from)j(the)g(list)h(of)g(matc)m(hed)g(\014lenames.)41 b(A)30 b(sample)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)f(`)p Ft(.o:~)p -Fu(')150 4792 y Ft(FUNCNAME)96 b Fu(An)35 b(arra)m(y)i(v)-5 +Fu(')150 5011 y Ft(FUNCNAME)96 b Fu(An)35 b(arra)m(y)i(v)-5 b(ariable)36 b(con)m(taining)h(the)f(names)g(of)g(all)g(shell)g -(functions)g(curren)m(tly)f(in)h(the)630 4902 y(execution)g(call)h +(functions)g(curren)m(tly)f(in)h(the)630 5121 y(execution)g(call)h (stac)m(k.)57 b(The)34 b(elemen)m(t)j(with)e(index)g(0)h(is)f(the)g -(name)h(of)f(an)m(y)h(curren)m(tly-)630 5011 y(executing)f(shell)f +(name)h(of)f(an)m(y)h(curren)m(tly-)630 5230 y(executing)f(shell)f (function.)51 b(The)34 b(b)s(ottom-most)h(elemen)m(t)g(\(the)g(one)f -(with)g(the)g(highest)630 5121 y(index\))e(is)h Ft("main")p +(with)g(the)g(highest)630 5340 y(index\))e(is)h Ft("main")p Fu(.)44 b(This)32 b(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(exists)g(only)g(when)e(a)i -(shell)f(function)g(is)g(executing.)630 5230 y(Assignmen)m(ts)23 -b(to)f Ft(FUNCNAME)e Fu(ha)m(v)m(e)k(no)e(e\013ect.)39 -b(If)22 b Ft(FUNCNAME)e Fu(is)i(unset,)h(it)g(loses)g(its)f(sp)s(ecial) -630 5340 y(prop)s(erties,)30 b(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m -(tly)f(reset.)p eop end +(shell)f(function)g(is)g(executing.)p eop end %%Page: 78 84 TeXDict begin 78 83 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41 -b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(78)630 299 y(This)31 -b(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(can)f(b)s(e)g(used)g(with)g Ft(BASH_LINENO)d -Fu(and)j Ft(BASH_SOURCE)p Fu(.)40 b(Eac)m(h)32 b(elemen)m(t)630 -408 y(of)g Ft(FUNCNAME)d Fu(has)j(corresp)s(onding)e(elemen)m(ts)j(in)f -Ft(BASH_LINENO)c Fu(and)k Ft(BASH_SOURCE)c Fu(to)630 -518 y(describ)s(e)39 b(the)h(call)h(stac)m(k.)70 b(F)-8 -b(or)41 b(instance,)i Ft(${FUNCNAME[$i]})35 b Fu(w)m(as)41 -b(called)f(from)g(the)630 628 y(\014le)27 b Ft(${BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]})21 -b Fu(at)27 b(line)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d Ft(${BASH_LINENO[$i]})p -Fu(.)34 b(The)27 b Ft(caller)630 737 y Fu(builtin)j(displa)m(ys)g(the)h -(curren)m(t)f(call)i(stac)m(k)g(using)d(this)i(information.)150 -894 y Ft(FUNCNEST)96 b Fu(If)34 b(set)i(to)f(a)h(n)m(umeric)e(v)-5 +b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(78)630 299 y(Assignmen)m(ts)23 +b(to)f Ft(FUNCNAME)e Fu(ha)m(v)m(e)k(no)e(e\013ect.)39 +b(If)22 b Ft(FUNCNAME)e Fu(is)i(unset,)h(it)g(loses)g(its)f(sp)s(ecial) +630 408 y(prop)s(erties,)30 b(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m(tly) +f(reset.)630 543 y(This)h(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(can)f(b)s(e)g(used)g +(with)g Ft(BASH_LINENO)d Fu(and)j Ft(BASH_SOURCE)p Fu(.)40 +b(Eac)m(h)32 b(elemen)m(t)630 653 y(of)g Ft(FUNCNAME)d +Fu(has)j(corresp)s(onding)e(elemen)m(ts)j(in)f Ft(BASH_LINENO)c +Fu(and)k Ft(BASH_SOURCE)c Fu(to)630 763 y(describ)s(e)39 +b(the)h(call)h(stac)m(k.)70 b(F)-8 b(or)41 b(instance,)i +Ft(${FUNCNAME[$i]})35 b Fu(w)m(as)41 b(called)f(from)g(the)630 +872 y(\014le)27 b Ft(${BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]})21 b Fu(at)27 +b(line)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d Ft(${BASH_LINENO[$i]})p Fu(.)34 +b(The)27 b Ft(caller)630 982 y Fu(builtin)j(displa)m(ys)g(the)h(curren) +m(t)f(call)i(stac)m(k)g(using)d(this)i(information.)150 +1142 y Ft(FUNCNEST)96 b Fu(If)34 b(set)i(to)f(a)h(n)m(umeric)e(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(greater)g(than)e(0,)j(de\014nes)d(a)h(maxim)m(um)g -(function)g(nesting)630 1003 y(lev)m(el.)42 b(F)-8 b(unction)29 +(function)g(nesting)630 1251 y(lev)m(el.)42 b(F)-8 b(unction)29 b(in)m(v)m(o)s(cations)h(that)f(exceed)h(this)e(nesting)h(lev)m(el)h -(will)f(cause)g(the)f(curren)m(t)630 1113 y(command)i(to)h(ab)s(ort.) -150 1270 y Ft(GLOBIGNORE)630 1379 y Fu(A)k(colon-separated)i(list)f(of) +(will)f(cause)g(the)f(curren)m(t)630 1361 y(command)i(to)h(ab)s(ort.) +150 1521 y Ft(GLOBIGNORE)630 1631 y Fu(A)k(colon-separated)i(list)f(of) f(patterns)g(de\014ning)f(the)i(set)f(of)g(\014le)h(names)f(to)g(b)s(e) -g(ignored)630 1489 y(b)m(y)28 b(\014lename)h(expansion.)40 +g(ignored)630 1740 y(b)m(y)28 b(\014lename)h(expansion.)40 b(If)28 b(a)h(\014le)g(name)g(matc)m(hed)g(b)m(y)g(a)g(\014lename)f 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y(\(see)f(Section)h(3.2.4.2)g([Conditional)g -(Constructs],)e(page)i(11\))f(terminates)g(if)g(input)e(do)s(es)630 -628 y(not)k(arriv)m(e)g(after)g Ft(TMOUT)e Fu(seconds)h(when)f(input)h -(is)g(coming)h(from)f(a)h(terminal.)630 762 y(In)40 b(an)h(in)m -(teractiv)m(e)i(shell,)h(the)d(v)-5 b(alue)41 b(is)g(in)m(terpreted)g -(as)f(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(seconds)f(to)630 872 -y(w)m(ait)28 b(for)e(a)g(line)h(of)g(input)e(after)i(issuing)f(the)h -(primary)e(prompt.)39 b(Bash)26 b(terminates)h(after)630 -981 y(w)m(aiting)32 b(for)e(that)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(seconds)h(if) -f(a)h(complete)h(line)e(of)h(input)e(do)s(es)h(not)h(arriv)m(e.)150 -1141 y Ft(TMPDIR)192 b Fu(If)39 b(set,)j(Bash)e(uses)f(its)h(v)-5 -b(alue)40 b(as)f(the)h(name)f(of)h(a)g(directory)g(in)f(whic)m(h)g -(Bash)h(creates)630 1250 y(temp)s(orary)30 b(\014les)g(for)g(the)h -(shell's)g(use.)150 1410 y Ft(UID)336 b Fu(The)30 b(n)m(umeric)g(real)h -(user)f(id)g(of)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(user.)40 b(This)30 -b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8 b(.)p eop end +b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(83)630 299 y(If)30 +b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)g(not)f(set,)i(Bash)e(acts)h(as)g(if)f +(it)h(had)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)870 433 y Ft +($'\\nreal\\t\0453lR\\nuser\\t\0453)o(lU\\n)o(sys\\)o(t\0453)o(lS')630 +568 y Fu(If)37 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(is)f(n)m(ull,)i(no)f(timing)f +(information)h(is)f(displa)m(y)m(ed.)62 b(A)37 b(trailing)i(newline)e +(is)630 677 y(added)30 b(when)f(the)i(format)f(string)h(is)f(displa)m +(y)m(ed.)150 837 y Ft(TMOUT)240 b Fu(If)22 b(set)h(to)g(a)g(v)-5 +b(alue)23 b(greater)h(than)e(zero,)j Ft(TMOUT)d Fu(is)g(treated)i(as)e +(the)h(default)g(timeout)g(for)g(the)630 946 y Ft(read)31 +b Fu(builtin)h(\(see)h(Section)f(4.2)i([Bash)e(Builtins],)h(page)g +(50\).)47 b(The)32 b Ft(select)e Fu(command)630 1056 +y(\(see)f(Section)h(3.2.4.2)g([Conditional)g(Constructs],)e(page)i +(11\))f(terminates)g(if)g(input)e(do)s(es)630 1166 y(not)k(arriv)m(e)g +(after)g Ft(TMOUT)e Fu(seconds)h(when)f(input)h(is)g(coming)h(from)f(a) +h(terminal.)630 1300 y(In)40 b(an)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell,)h(the)d +(v)-5 b(alue)41 b(is)g(in)m(terpreted)g(as)f(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f +(of)h(seconds)f(to)630 1410 y(w)m(ait)28 b(for)e(a)g(line)h(of)g(input) +e(after)i(issuing)f(the)h(primary)e(prompt.)39 b(Bash)26 +b(terminates)h(after)630 1519 y(w)m(aiting)32 b(for)e(that)h(n)m(um)m +(b)s(er)e(of)h(seconds)h(if)f(a)h(complete)h(line)e(of)h(input)e(do)s +(es)h(not)h(arriv)m(e.)150 1679 y Ft(TMPDIR)192 b Fu(If)39 +b(set,)j(Bash)e(uses)f(its)h(v)-5 b(alue)40 b(as)f(the)h(name)f(of)h(a) +g(directory)g(in)f(whic)m(h)g(Bash)h(creates)630 1788 +y(temp)s(orary)30 b(\014les)g(for)g(the)h(shell's)g(use.)150 +1948 y Ft(UID)336 b Fu(The)30 b(n)m(umeric)g(real)h(user)f(id)g(of)g +(the)h(curren)m(t)f(user.)40 b(This)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 +b(is)f(readonly)-8 b(.)p eop end %%Page: 84 90 TeXDict begin 84 89 bop 3659 -116 a Fu(84)150 299 y Fp(6)80 b(Bash)54 b(F)-13 b(eatures)150 502 y Fu(This)30 b(c)m(hapter)h @@ -15495,7 +15536,7 @@ y(to)j(b)s(e)f(fully)g(conforman)m(t.)275 2521 y(Bash)c(can)g(b)s(e)f (default,)h(b)m(y)f(sp)s(ecifying)g(the)g Ft(--enable-)150 2630 y(strict-posix-default)c Fu(to)27 b Ft(configure)e Fu(when)h(building)h(\(see)h(Section)g(10.8)g([Optional)g(F)-8 -b(eatures],)150 2740 y(page)31 b(148\).)p eop end +b(eatures],)150 2740 y(page)31 b(149\).)p eop end %%Page: 102 108 TeXDict begin 102 107 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(102)150 299 y Fp(7)80 b(Job)54 b(Con)l(trol)150 518 y Fu(This)25 @@ -18248,187 +18289,203 @@ m(ts)f(to)h(a)g(previous)f(command)g(in)m(to)i(the)e(curren)m(t)150 3395 y(input)f(line,)i(or)g(\014x)f(errors)f(in)h(previous)g(commands)g (quic)m(kly)-8 b(.)275 3532 y(History)24 b(expansion)f(is)h(p)s (erformed)e(immediately)j(after)f(a)g(complete)h(line)f(is)g(read,)h(b) -s(efore)e(the)h(shell)150 3642 y(breaks)30 b(it)h(in)m(to)h(w)m(ords,)e -(and)g(is)g(p)s(erformed)f(on)i(eac)m(h)g(line)g(individually)f -(without)h(taking)g(quoting)g(on)150 3751 y(previous)f(lines)g(in)m(to) -i(accoun)m(t.)275 3888 y(History)27 b(expansion)f(tak)m(es)i(place)f -(in)f(t)m(w)m(o)i(parts.)39 b(The)26 b(\014rst)g(is)g(to)h(determine)g -(whic)m(h)f(line)h(from)f(the)150 3998 y(history)i(list)g(should)f(b)s -(e)g(used)g(during)g(substitution.)39 b(The)27 b(second)h(is)g(to)h -(select)g(p)s(ortions)e(of)h(that)h(line)150 4107 y(for)d(inclusion)f -(in)m(to)i(the)f(curren)m(t)f(one.)40 b(The)25 b(line)h(selected)h -(from)f(the)g(history)f(is)h(called)h(the)f Fr(ev)m(en)m(t)p -Fu(,)j(and)150 4217 y(the)21 b(p)s(ortions)g(of)g(that)h(line)f(that)h -(are)g(acted)g(up)s(on)e(are)h(called)h Fr(w)m(ords)p -Fu(.)38 b(V)-8 b(arious)21 b Fr(mo)s(di\014ers)j Fu(are)e(a)m(v)-5 -b(ailable)150 4327 y(to)35 b(manipulate)f(the)g(selected)i(w)m(ords.)51 -b(The)33 b(line)h(is)g(brok)m(en)g(in)m(to)h(w)m(ords)e(in)h(the)g -(same)h(fashion)e(that)150 4436 y(Bash)i(do)s(es,)h(so)f(that)h(sev)m -(eral)g(w)m(ords)e(surrounded)f(b)m(y)i(quotes)g(are)g(considered)g -(one)g(w)m(ord.)54 b(History)150 4546 y(expansions)34 -b(are)g(in)m(tro)s(duced)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(app)s(earance)g(of)g(the)g -(history)g(expansion)g(c)m(haracter,)i(whic)m(h)e(is)150 -4655 y(`)p Ft(!)p Fu(')39 b(b)m(y)g(default.)66 b(Only)38 -b(`)p Ft(\\)p Fu(')h(and)f(`)p Ft(')p Fu(')h(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(used)g -(to)h(escap)s(e)h(the)f(history)f(expansion)h(c)m(haracter,)150 -4765 y(but)27 b(the)i(history)f(expansion)g(c)m(haracter)i(is)e(also)h -(treated)g(as)g(quoted)f(if)g(it)h(immediately)h(precedes)e(the)150 -4874 y(closing)j(double)f(quote)h(in)f(a)h(double-quoted)g(string.)275 -5011 y(Sev)m(eral)48 b(shell)g(options)h(settable)g(with)e(the)h -Ft(shopt)f Fu(builtin)g(\(see)i(Section)f(4.3.2)i([The)e(Shopt)150 -5121 y(Builtin],)24 b(page)e(65\))h(ma)m(y)e(b)s(e)g(used)g(to)h -(tailor)g(the)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(of)h(history)f(expansion.)37 -b(If)21 b(the)h Ft(histverify)150 5230 y Fu(shell)35 -b(option)f(is)h(enabled,)g(and)f(Readline)h(is)f(b)s(eing)g(used,)h -(history)g(substitutions)e(are)i(not)g(immedi-)150 5340 -y(ately)i(passed)d(to)i(the)g(shell)f(parser.)55 b(Instead,)37 -b(the)e(expanded)g(line)g(is)h(reloaded)g(in)m(to)g(the)f(Readline)p -eop end +s(efore)e(the)h(shell)150 3642 y(breaks)32 b(it)i(in)m(to)f(w)m(ords,)g +(and)f(is)h(p)s(erformed)e(on)h(eac)m(h)i(line)f(individually)-8 +b(.)48 b(Bash)33 b(attempts)g(to)h(inform)150 3751 y(the)d(history)f +(expansion)g(functions)g(ab)s(out)g(quoting)h(still)g(in)f(e\013ect)i +(from)e(previous)g(lines.)275 3888 y(History)37 b(expansion)f(tak)m(es) +i(place)g(in)e(t)m(w)m(o)i(parts.)59 b(The)36 b(\014rst)g(is)h(to)g +(determine)g(whic)m(h)f(line)h(from)150 3998 y(the)42 +b(history)f(list)h(should)e(b)s(e)h(used)f(during)g(substitution.)74 +b(The)40 b(second)i(is)f(to)h(select)h(p)s(ortions)e(of)150 +4107 y(that)31 b(line)g(for)f(inclusion)h(in)m(to)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f +(one.)42 b(The)30 b(line)h(selected)h(from)e(the)h(history)f(is)h +(called)h(the)150 4217 y Fr(ev)m(en)m(t)p Fu(,)e(and)c(the)i(p)s +(ortions)e(of)i(that)f(line)h(that)g(are)f(acted)i(up)s(on)c(are)j +(called)g Fr(w)m(ords)p Fu(.)39 b(V)-8 b(arious)28 b +Fr(mo)s(di\014ers)150 4327 y Fu(are)33 b(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)36 +b(to)d(manipulate)h(the)f(selected)h(w)m(ords.)48 b(The)32 +b(line)i(is)f(brok)m(en)f(in)m(to)i(w)m(ords)f(in)f(the)i(same)150 +4436 y(fashion)23 b(that)g(Bash)g(do)s(es,)h(so)f(that)h(sev)m(eral)g +(w)m(ords)e(surrounded)e(b)m(y)j(quotes)g(are)g(considered)g(one)g(w)m +(ord.)150 4546 y(History)37 b(expansions)g(are)g(in)m(tro)s(duced)f(b)m +(y)h(the)g(app)s(earance)g(of)g(the)g(history)f(expansion)h(c)m +(haracter,)150 4655 y(whic)m(h)30 b(is)h(`)p Ft(!)p Fu(')f(b)m(y)g +(default.)275 4792 y(History)c(expansion)g(implemen)m(ts)h(shell-lik)m +(e)h(quoting)f(con)m(v)m(en)m(tions:)40 b(a)27 b(bac)m(kslash)g(can)f +(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)150 4902 y(remo)m(v)m(e)h(the)e(sp)s(ecial)g +(handling)g(for)g(the)g(next)g(c)m(haracter;)k(single)d(quotes)g +(enclose)g(v)m(erbatim)g(sequences)150 5011 y(of)k(c)m(haracters,)i +(and)e(can)g(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)i(inhibit)f(history)g(expansion;)g(and)g +(c)m(haracters)i(enclosed)e(within)150 5121 y(double)h(quotes)i(ma)m(y) +f(b)s(e)f(sub)5 b(ject)31 b(to)h(history)f(expansion,)g(since)g(bac)m +(kslash)g(can)h(escap)s(e)f(the)g(history)150 5230 y(expansion)e(c)m +(haracter,)j(but)d(single)h(quotes)g(ma)m(y)h(not,)f(since)g(they)g +(are)g(not)f(treated)i(sp)s(ecially)f(within)150 5340 +y(double)g(quotes.)p eop end %%Page: 143 149 TeXDict begin 143 148 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(9:)41 -b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(143)150 -299 y(editing)29 b(bu\013er)f(for)h(further)e(mo)s(di\014cation.)41 -b(If)28 b(Readline)h(is)g(b)s(eing)f(used,)h(and)f(the)h -Ft(histreedit)d Fu(shell)150 408 y(option)e(is)g(enabled,)h(a)g(failed) -f(history)g(expansion)g(will)g(b)s(e)f(reloaded)h(in)m(to)h(the)f -(Readline)g(editing)h(bu\013er)150 518 y(for)31 b(correction.)43 +b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(143)275 +299 y(When)41 b(using)g(the)h(shell,)i(only)e(`)p Ft(\\)p +Fu(')g(and)e(`)p Ft(')p Fu(')i(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)h(escap)s(e)g +(the)g(history)f(expansion)150 408 y(c)m(haracter,)e(but)34 +b(the)i(history)g(expansion)f(c)m(haracter)i(is)f(also)g(treated)h(as)e +(quoted)h(if)g(it)g(immediately)150 518 y(precedes)30 +b(the)h(closing)g(double)f(quote)h(in)f(a)h(double-quoted)g(string.)275 +658 y(Sev)m(eral)48 b(shell)g(options)h(settable)g(with)e(the)h +Ft(shopt)f Fu(builtin)g(\(see)i(Section)f(4.3.2)i([The)e(Shopt)150 +767 y(Builtin],)24 b(page)e(65\))h(ma)m(y)e(b)s(e)g(used)g(to)h(tailor) +g(the)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(of)h(history)f(expansion.)37 +b(If)21 b(the)h Ft(histverify)150 877 y Fu(shell)35 b(option)f(is)h +(enabled,)g(and)f(Readline)h(is)f(b)s(eing)g(used,)h(history)g +(substitutions)e(are)i(not)g(immedi-)150 987 y(ately)i(passed)d(to)i +(the)g(shell)f(parser.)55 b(Instead,)37 b(the)e(expanded)g(line)g(is)h +(reloaded)g(in)m(to)g(the)f(Readline)150 1096 y(editing)29 +b(bu\013er)f(for)h(further)e(mo)s(di\014cation.)41 b(If)28 +b(Readline)h(is)g(b)s(eing)f(used,)h(and)f(the)h Ft(histreedit)d +Fu(shell)150 1206 y(option)e(is)g(enabled,)h(a)g(failed)f(history)g +(expansion)g(will)g(b)s(e)f(reloaded)h(in)m(to)h(the)f(Readline)g +(editing)h(bu\013er)150 1315 y(for)31 b(correction.)43 b(The)30 b Ft(-p)g Fu(option)h(to)h(the)f Ft(history)e Fu(builtin)h(command)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)i(see)f(what)g(a)150 -628 y(history)25 b(expansion)g(will)g(do)g(b)s(efore)g(using)f(it.)40 +1425 y(history)25 b(expansion)g(will)g(do)g(b)s(efore)g(using)f(it.)40 b(The)24 b Ft(-s)h Fu(option)g(to)h(the)f Ft(history)e -Fu(builtin)i(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)g(used)150 737 y(to)36 b(add)f(commands)g +Fu(builtin)i(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)g(used)150 1534 y(to)36 b(add)f(commands)g (to)h(the)g(end)f(of)g(the)h(history)f(list)i(without)e(actually)i 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(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 -b Fb(80)2025 3269 y Fe(mark-modified-lines)26 b Fc(:)13 +b Fb(81)2025 3269 y Fe(mark-modified-lines)26 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(113)2025 3359 y Fe (mark-symlinked-directories)27 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g @@ -20737,9 +20794,9 @@ b Fb(81)2025 4525 y Fe(output-meta)8 b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)23 b Fb(114)p eop end -%%Page: 172 178 -TeXDict begin 172 177 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29 -b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(172)146 294 y Fs(P)150 410 y Fe(page-completions) +%%Page: 173 179 +TeXDict begin 173 178 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29 +b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(173)146 294 y Fs(P)150 410 y Fe(page-completions) 13 b Fc(:)j(:)d(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)27 b Fb(114)150 497 y Fe(PATH)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h @@ -20783,7 +20840,7 @@ b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)20 b Fb(81)150 1892 y Fe(READLINE_LINE)25 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 -b Fb(81)150 1979 y Fe(READLINE_POINT)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f +b Fb(82)150 1979 y Fe(READLINE_POINT)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(82)150 2066 y Fe(REPLY)9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g @@ -20887,9 +20944,9 @@ f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(127)2025 5340 y Fe (complete-hostname)29 b(\(M-@\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(127)p eop end -%%Page: 173 179 -TeXDict begin 173 178 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29 -b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(173)150 264 y Fe(complete-into-braces)30 +%%Page: 174 180 +TeXDict begin 174 179 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29 +b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(174)150 264 y Fe(complete-into-braces)30 b(\(M-{\))11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(128)150 354 y Fe(complete-username)j(\(M-~\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g @@ -21014,9 +21071,9 @@ b(\(C-o\))11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f b Fc(:)c(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(124)p eop end -%%Page: 174 180 -TeXDict begin 174 179 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29 -b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(174)146 294 y Fs(P)150 414 y Fe +%%Page: 175 181 +TeXDict begin 175 180 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29 +b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(175)146 294 y Fs(P)150 414 y Fe (possible-command-completions)32 b(\(C-x)26 b(!\))9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(127)150 503 y Fe (possible-completions)30 b(\(M-?\))11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g @@ -21123,10 +21180,10 @@ f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(102)2025 4739 y(Bash)e(con\014guration)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) -g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(145)2025 4829 y(Bash)g(installation)9 +g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(146)2025 4829 y(Bash)g(installation)9 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 -b Fb(145)2025 4918 y(Bourne)i(shell)20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f +b Fb(146)2025 4918 y(Bourne)i(shell)20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(5)2025 5008 y(brace)26 b(expansion)9 b Fc(:)k(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) @@ -21135,9 +21192,9 @@ g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g b Fc(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(3)p eop end -%%Page: 175 181 -TeXDict begin 175 180 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29 -b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(175)146 294 y Fs(C)150 418 y Fb(command)26 +%%Page: 176 182 +TeXDict begin 176 181 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29 +b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(176)146 294 y Fs(C)150 418 y Fb(command)26 b(editing)19 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(107)150 507 y(command)26 b(execution)12 b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g @@ -21183,7 +21240,7 @@ g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)28 b Fb(7)150 g(:)36 b Fb(133)150 1943 y(con\014guration)22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 -b Fb(145)150 2033 y(con)n(trol)26 b(op)r(erator)8 b Fc(:)15 +b Fb(146)150 2033 y(con)n(trol)26 b(op)r(erator)8 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)23 b Fb(3)150 2120 y(copro)r(cess)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g @@ -21266,7 +21323,7 @@ b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:) f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(109)2025 2102 y(installation)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) -g(:)34 b Fb(145)2025 2191 y(in)n(teraction,)26 b(readline)7 +g(:)34 b Fb(146)2025 2191 y(in)n(teraction,)26 b(readline)7 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)22 b Fb(106)2025 2280 y(in)n(teractiv)n(e)k(shell)20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g @@ -21300,9 +21357,9 @@ b Fb(32)2025 4308 y(metac)n(haracter)7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fb(3)p eop end -%%Page: 176 182 -TeXDict begin 176 181 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29 -b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(176)146 294 y Fs(N)150 410 y Fb(name)19 +%%Page: 177 183 +TeXDict begin 177 182 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29 +b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(177)146 294 y Fs(N)150 410 y Fb(name)19 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(3)150 497 diff --git a/doc/bashref.texi b/doc/bashref.texi index 59bf9594..711cb523 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.texi +++ b/doc/bashref.texi @@ -6095,6 +6095,11 @@ input to the shell. This is only in effect for interactive shells. The name of the Readline initialization file, overriding the default of @file{~/.inputrc}. +@item INSIDE_EMACS +If Bash finds this variable in the environment when the shell +starts, it assumes that the shell is running in an Emacs shell buffer +and may disable line editing depending on the value of @env{TERM}. + @item LANG Used to determine the locale category for any category not specifically selected with a variable starting with @code{LC_}. diff --git a/doc/bashref.toc b/doc/bashref.toc index 845d78b2..b9e6a9ad 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.toc +++ b/doc/bashref.toc @@ -118,22 +118,22 @@ @numsubsecentry{Event Designators}{9.3.1}{Event Designators}{143} @numsubsecentry{Word Designators}{9.3.2}{Word Designators}{143} @numsubsecentry{Modifiers}{9.3.3}{Modifiers}{144} -@numchapentry{Installing Bash}{10}{Installing Bash}{145} -@numsecentry{Basic Installation}{10.1}{Basic Installation}{145} -@numsecentry{Compilers and Options}{10.2}{Compilers and Options}{146} -@numsecentry{Compiling For Multiple Architectures}{10.3}{Compiling For Multiple Architectures}{146} -@numsecentry{Installation Names}{10.4}{Installation Names}{146} -@numsecentry{Specifying the System Type}{10.5}{Specifying the System Type}{147} -@numsecentry{Sharing Defaults}{10.6}{Sharing Defaults}{147} -@numsecentry{Operation Controls}{10.7}{Operation Controls}{147} -@numsecentry{Optional Features}{10.8}{Optional Features}{148} -@appentry{Reporting Bugs}{A}{Reporting Bugs}{153} -@appentry{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell}{B}{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell}{154} -@appsecentry{Implementation Differences From The SVR4.2 Shell}{B.1}{}{158} -@appentry{GNU Free Documentation License}{C}{GNU Free Documentation License}{160} -@appentry{Indexes}{D}{Indexes}{168} -@appsecentry{Index of Shell Builtin Commands}{D.1}{Builtin Index}{168} -@appsecentry{Index of Shell Reserved Words}{D.2}{Reserved Word Index}{169} -@appsecentry{Parameter and Variable Index}{D.3}{Variable Index}{170} -@appsecentry{Function Index}{D.4}{Function Index}{172} -@appsecentry{Concept Index}{D.5}{Concept Index}{174} +@numchapentry{Installing Bash}{10}{Installing Bash}{146} +@numsecentry{Basic Installation}{10.1}{Basic Installation}{146} +@numsecentry{Compilers and Options}{10.2}{Compilers and Options}{147} +@numsecentry{Compiling For Multiple Architectures}{10.3}{Compiling For Multiple Architectures}{147} +@numsecentry{Installation Names}{10.4}{Installation Names}{147} +@numsecentry{Specifying the System Type}{10.5}{Specifying the System Type}{148} +@numsecentry{Sharing Defaults}{10.6}{Sharing Defaults}{148} +@numsecentry{Operation Controls}{10.7}{Operation Controls}{148} +@numsecentry{Optional Features}{10.8}{Optional Features}{149} +@appentry{Reporting Bugs}{A}{Reporting Bugs}{154} +@appentry{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell}{B}{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell}{155} +@appsecentry{Implementation Differences From The SVR4.2 Shell}{B.1}{}{159} +@appentry{GNU Free Documentation License}{C}{GNU Free Documentation License}{161} +@appentry{Indexes}{D}{Indexes}{169} +@appsecentry{Index of Shell Builtin Commands}{D.1}{Builtin Index}{169} +@appsecentry{Index of Shell Reserved Words}{D.2}{Reserved Word Index}{170} +@appsecentry{Parameter and Variable Index}{D.3}{Variable Index}{171} +@appsecentry{Function Index}{D.4}{Function Index}{173} +@appsecentry{Concept Index}{D.5}{Concept Index}{175} diff --git a/doc/bashref.vr b/doc/bashref.vr index c876a009..84ada69b 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.vr +++ b/doc/bashref.vr @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ \entry{BASH_ARGC}{73}{\code {BASH_ARGC}} \entry{BASH_ARGV}{73}{\code {BASH_ARGV}} \entry{BASH_ARGV0}{73}{\code {BASH_ARGV0}} -\entry{BASH_CMDS}{73}{\code {BASH_CMDS}} +\entry{BASH_CMDS}{74}{\code {BASH_CMDS}} \entry{BASH_COMMAND}{74}{\code {BASH_COMMAND}} \entry{BASH_COMPAT}{74}{\code {BASH_COMPAT}} \entry{BASH_ENV}{74}{\code {BASH_ENV}} @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ \entry{BASH_LINENO}{74}{\code {BASH_LINENO}} \entry{BASH_LOADABLES_PATH}{74}{\code {BASH_LOADABLES_PATH}} \entry{BASH_REMATCH}{74}{\code {BASH_REMATCH}} -\entry{BASH_SOURCE}{74}{\code {BASH_SOURCE}} +\entry{BASH_SOURCE}{75}{\code {BASH_SOURCE}} \entry{BASH_SUBSHELL}{75}{\code {BASH_SUBSHELL}} \entry{BASH_VERSINFO}{75}{\code {BASH_VERSINFO}} \entry{BASH_VERSION}{75}{\code {BASH_VERSION}} @@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ \entry{COMP_WORDS}{76}{\code {COMP_WORDS}} \entry{COMPREPLY}{76}{\code {COMPREPLY}} \entry{COPROC}{76}{\code {COPROC}} -\entry{DIRSTACK}{76}{\code {DIRSTACK}} +\entry{DIRSTACK}{77}{\code {DIRSTACK}} \entry{EMACS}{77}{\code {EMACS}} \entry{ENV}{77}{\code {ENV}} \entry{EPOCHREALTIME}{77}{\code {EPOCHREALTIME}} @@ -76,14 +76,14 @@ \entry{histchars}{78}{\code {histchars}} \entry{HISTCMD}{78}{\code {HISTCMD}} \entry{HISTCONTROL}{78}{\code {HISTCONTROL}} -\entry{HISTFILE}{78}{\code {HISTFILE}} +\entry{HISTFILE}{79}{\code {HISTFILE}} \entry{HISTFILESIZE}{79}{\code {HISTFILESIZE}} \entry{HISTIGNORE}{79}{\code {HISTIGNORE}} \entry{HISTSIZE}{79}{\code {HISTSIZE}} \entry{HISTTIMEFORMAT}{79}{\code {HISTTIMEFORMAT}} \entry{HOSTFILE}{79}{\code {HOSTFILE}} \entry{HOSTNAME}{79}{\code {HOSTNAME}} -\entry{HOSTTYPE}{79}{\code {HOSTTYPE}} +\entry{HOSTTYPE}{80}{\code {HOSTTYPE}} \entry{IGNOREEOF}{80}{\code {IGNOREEOF}} \entry{INPUTRC}{80}{\code {INPUTRC}} \entry{LANG}{80}{\code {LANG}} @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ \entry{LINES}{80}{\code {LINES}} \entry{MACHTYPE}{80}{\code {MACHTYPE}} \entry{MAILCHECK}{80}{\code {MAILCHECK}} -\entry{MAPFILE}{80}{\code {MAPFILE}} +\entry{MAPFILE}{81}{\code {MAPFILE}} \entry{OLDPWD}{81}{\code {OLDPWD}} \entry{OPTERR}{81}{\code {OPTERR}} \entry{OSTYPE}{81}{\code {OSTYPE}} @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ \entry{PS4}{81}{\code {PS4}} \entry{PWD}{81}{\code {PWD}} \entry{RANDOM}{81}{\code {RANDOM}} -\entry{READLINE_LINE}{81}{\code {READLINE_LINE}} +\entry{READLINE_LINE}{82}{\code {READLINE_LINE}} \entry{READLINE_POINT}{82}{\code {READLINE_POINT}} \entry{REPLY}{82}{\code {REPLY}} \entry{SECONDS}{82}{\code {SECONDS}} diff --git a/doc/bashref.vrs b/doc/bashref.vrs index 69ac1114..27d4e067 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.vrs +++ b/doc/bashref.vrs @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ \entry {\code {BASH_ARGC}}{73} \entry {\code {BASH_ARGV}}{73} \entry {\code {BASH_ARGV0}}{73} -\entry {\code {BASH_CMDS}}{73} +\entry {\code {BASH_CMDS}}{74} \entry {\code {BASH_COMMAND}}{74} \entry {\code {BASH_COMPAT}}{74} \entry {\code {BASH_ENV}}{74} @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ \entry {\code {BASH_LINENO}}{74} \entry {\code {BASH_LOADABLES_PATH}}{74} \entry {\code {BASH_REMATCH}}{74} -\entry {\code {BASH_SOURCE}}{74} +\entry {\code {BASH_SOURCE}}{75} \entry {\code {BASH_SUBSHELL}}{75} \entry {\code {BASH_VERSINFO}}{75} \entry {\code {BASH_VERSION}}{75} @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ \entry {\code {convert-meta}}{111} \entry {\code {COPROC}}{76} \initial {D} -\entry {\code {DIRSTACK}}{76} +\entry {\code {DIRSTACK}}{77} \entry {\code {disable-completion}}{111} \initial {E} \entry {\code {echo-control-characters}}{111} @@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ \entry {\code {histchars}}{78} \entry {\code {HISTCMD}}{78} \entry {\code {HISTCONTROL}}{78} -\entry {\code {HISTFILE}}{78} +\entry {\code {HISTFILE}}{79} \entry {\code {HISTFILESIZE}}{79} \entry {\code {HISTIGNORE}}{79} \entry {\code {history-preserve-point}}{112} @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ \entry {\code {horizontal-scroll-mode}}{112} \entry {\code {HOSTFILE}}{79} \entry {\code {HOSTNAME}}{79} -\entry {\code {HOSTTYPE}}{79} +\entry {\code {HOSTTYPE}}{80} \initial {I} \entry {\code {IFS}}{72} \entry {\code {IGNOREEOF}}{80} @@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ \entry {\code {MAIL}}{72} \entry {\code {MAILCHECK}}{80} \entry {\code {MAILPATH}}{72} -\entry {\code {MAPFILE}}{80} +\entry {\code {MAPFILE}}{81} \entry {\code {mark-modified-lines}}{113} \entry {\code {mark-symlinked-directories}}{113} \entry {\code {match-hidden-files}}{114} @@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ \entry {\code {PWD}}{81} \initial {R} \entry {\code {RANDOM}}{81} -\entry {\code {READLINE_LINE}}{81} +\entry {\code {READLINE_LINE}}{82} \entry {\code {READLINE_POINT}}{82} \entry {\code {REPLY}}{82} \entry {\code {revert-all-at-newline}}{114} diff --git a/doc/builtins.ps b/doc/builtins.ps index a4197599..223cc02c 100644 --- a/doc/builtins.ps +++ b/doc/builtins.ps @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.22.3 -%%CreationDate: Tue Jun 12 15:50:57 2018 +%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 16 10:36:39 2018 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic diff --git a/doc/rbash.ps b/doc/rbash.ps index 73c4d59a..9d25c1b0 100644 --- a/doc/rbash.ps +++ b/doc/rbash.ps @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.22.3 -%%CreationDate: Tue Jun 12 15:50:57 2018 +%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 16 10:36:39 2018 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.22 3 diff --git a/lib/readline/readline.c b/lib/readline/readline.c index 65226a3d..678f989c 100644 --- a/lib/readline/readline.c +++ b/lib/readline/readline.c @@ -214,6 +214,9 @@ int _rl_eof_char = CTRL ('D'); /* Non-zero makes this the next keystroke to read. */ int rl_pending_input = 0; +/* If non-zero when readline_internal returns, it means we found EOF */ +int _rl_eof_found = 0; + /* Pointer to a useful terminal name. */ const char *rl_terminal_name = (const char *)NULL; @@ -222,7 +225,7 @@ int _rl_horizontal_scroll_mode = 0; /* Non-zero means to display an asterisk at the starts of history lines which have been modified. */ -int _rl_mark_modified_lines = 0; +int _rl_mark_modified_lines = 0; /* The style of `bell' notification preferred. This can be set to NO_BELL, AUDIBLE_BELL, or VISIBLE_BELL. */ @@ -664,11 +667,9 @@ readline_internal_charloop (void) static char * readline_internal (void) { - int eof; - readline_internal_setup (); - eof = readline_internal_charloop (); - return (readline_internal_teardown (eof)); + _rl_eof_found = readline_internal_charloop (); + return (readline_internal_teardown (_rl_eof_found)); } void diff --git a/lib/readline/rlprivate.h b/lib/readline/rlprivate.h index 05ee9302..e4a924cc 100644 --- a/lib/readline/rlprivate.h +++ b/lib/readline/rlprivate.h @@ -511,6 +511,7 @@ extern FILE *_rl_in_stream; extern FILE *_rl_out_stream; extern int _rl_last_command_was_kill; extern int _rl_eof_char; +extern int _rl_eof_found; extern procenv_t _rl_top_level; extern _rl_keyseq_cxt *_rl_kscxt; extern int _rl_keyseq_timeout; diff --git a/lib/readline/rltty.c b/lib/readline/rltty.c index 6d907192..2ee36a7c 100644 --- a/lib/readline/rltty.c +++ b/lib/readline/rltty.c @@ -691,7 +691,11 @@ rl_deprep_terminal (void) tty = rl_instream ? fileno (rl_instream) : fileno (stdin); if (terminal_prepped & TPX_BRACKPASTE) - fprintf (rl_outstream, BRACK_PASTE_FINI); + { + fprintf (rl_outstream, BRACK_PASTE_FINI); + if (_rl_eof_found) + fprintf (rl_outstream, "\n"); + } if (_rl_enable_keypad) _rl_control_keypad (0); diff --git a/subst.c b/subst.c index 1f3bcfcc..dbb38fae 100644 --- a/subst.c +++ b/subst.c @@ -387,10 +387,10 @@ dump_word_flags (flags) f &= ~W_ASSIGNARRAY; fprintf (stderr, "W_ASSIGNARRAY%s", f ? "|" : ""); } - if (f & W_HASCTLESC) + if (f & W_SAWQUOTEDNULL) { - f &= ~W_HASCTLESC; - fprintf (stderr, "W_HASCTLESC%s", f ? "|" : ""); + f &= ~W_SAWQUOTEDNULL; + fprintf (stderr, "W_SAWQUOTEDNULL%s", f ? "|" : ""); } if (f & W_NOPROCSUB) { @@ -3062,6 +3062,7 @@ do_compound_assignment (name, value, flags) SHELL_VAR *v; int mklocal, mkassoc, mkglobal, chklocal; WORD_LIST *list; + char *newname; /* used for local nameref references */ mklocal = flags & ASS_MKLOCAL; mkassoc = flags & ASS_MKASSOC; @@ -3071,6 +3072,7 @@ do_compound_assignment (name, value, flags) if (mklocal && variable_context) { v = find_variable (name); + newname = (v == 0) ? nameref_transform_name (name, flags) : name; if (v && ((readonly_p (v) && (flags & ASS_FORCE) == 0) || noassign_p (v))) { if (readonly_p (v)) @@ -3079,9 +3081,9 @@ do_compound_assignment (name, value, flags) } list = expand_compound_array_assignment (v, value, flags); if (mkassoc) - v = make_local_assoc_variable (name); + v = make_local_assoc_variable (newname, 0); else if (v == 0 || (array_p (v) == 0 && assoc_p (v) == 0) || v->context != variable_context) - v = make_local_array_variable (name, 0); + v = make_local_array_variable (newname, 0); if (v) assign_compound_array_list (v, list, flags); if (list) @@ -3102,13 +3104,15 @@ do_compound_assignment (name, value, flags) err_readonly (name); return (v); /* XXX */ } + /* sanity check */ + newname = (v == 0) ? nameref_transform_name (name, flags) : name; list = expand_compound_array_assignment (v, value, flags); if (v == 0 && mkassoc) - v = make_new_assoc_variable (name); + v = make_new_assoc_variable (newname); else if (v && mkassoc && assoc_p (v) == 0) v = convert_var_to_assoc (v); else if (v == 0) - v = make_new_array_variable (name); + v = make_new_array_variable (newname); else if (v && mkassoc == 0 && array_p (v) == 0) v = convert_var_to_array (v); if (v) @@ -6009,10 +6013,7 @@ read_comsub (fd, quoted, flags, rflag) from the rest of the word expansions (word splitting and globbing.) This is essentially quote_escapes inline. */ else if (skip_ctlesc == 0 && c == CTLESC) - { - tflag |= W_HASCTLESC; - istring[istring_index++] = CTLESC; - } + istring[istring_index++] = CTLESC; else if ((skip_ctlnul == 0 && c == CTLNUL) || (c == ' ' && (ifs_value && *ifs_value == 0))) istring[istring_index++] = CTLESC; @@ -6843,8 +6844,14 @@ parameter_brace_expand_rhs (name, value, op, quoted, pflags, qdollaratp, hasdoll temp = string_list_internal (l, " "); w->flags |= W_SPLITSPACE; } + else if (l_hasdollat || l->next) + temp = string_list_dollar_star (l, quoted, 0); else - temp = (l_hasdollat || l->next) ? string_list_dollar_star (l, quoted, 0) : string_list (l); + { + temp = string_list (l); + if (temp && (QUOTED_NULL (temp) == 0) && (l->word->flags & W_SAWQUOTEDNULL)) + w->flags |= W_SAWQUOTEDNULL; /* XXX */ + } /* If we have a quoted null result (QUOTED_NULL(temp)) and the word is a quoted null (l->next == 0 && QUOTED_NULL(l->word->word)), the @@ -9873,6 +9880,8 @@ add_string: if (tword && (tword->flags & W_HASQUOTEDNULL)) had_quoted_null = 1; /* note for later */ + if (tword && (tword->flags & W_SAWQUOTEDNULL)) + had_quoted_null = 1; /* XXX */ temp = tword ? tword->word : (char *)NULL; dispose_word_desc (tword); @@ -10149,6 +10158,9 @@ add_twochars: else temp = (char *)NULL; + if (temp == 0 && quoted_state == PARTIALLY_QUOTED) + had_quoted_null = 1; /* note for later */ + /* We do not want to add quoted nulls to strings that are only partially quoted; we can throw them away. The exception to this is when we are going to be performing word splitting, @@ -10419,6 +10431,8 @@ finished_with_string: tword->word = istring; if (had_quoted_null && QUOTED_NULL (istring)) tword->flags |= W_HASQUOTEDNULL; /* XXX */ + else if (had_quoted_null) + tword->flags |= W_SAWQUOTEDNULL; /* XXX */ if (tword->word != istring) free (istring); istring = 0; /* avoid later free() */ @@ -10657,10 +10671,24 @@ word_list_split (list) WORD_LIST *list; { WORD_LIST *result, *t, *tresult, *e; + WORD_DESC *w; for (t = list, result = (WORD_LIST *)NULL; t; t = t->next) { tresult = word_split (t->word, ifs_value); + /* POSIX 2.6: "If the complete expansion appropriate for a word results + in an empty field, that empty field shall be deleted from the list + of fields that form the completely expanded command, unless the + original word contained single-quote or double-quote characters." + This is where we handle these words that contain quoted null strings + and other characters that expand to nothing after word splitting. */ + if (tresult == 0 && t->word && (t->word->flags & W_SAWQUOTEDNULL)) /* XXX */ + { + w = alloc_word_desc (); + w->word = (char *)xmalloc (1); + w->word[0] = '\0'; + tresult = make_word_list (w, (WORD_LIST *)NULL); + } if (result == 0) result = e = tresult; else diff --git a/test.c b/test.c index 3da8c7b3..4cb3343c 100644 --- a/test.c +++ b/test.c @@ -622,9 +622,8 @@ unary_test (op, arg) return (minus_o_option_value (arg) == 1); case 'v': - v = find_variable (arg); #if defined (ARRAY_VARS) - if (v == 0 && valid_array_reference (arg, 0)) + if (valid_array_reference (arg, 0)) { char *t; int rtype, ret; @@ -634,7 +633,8 @@ unary_test (op, arg) free (t); return ret; } - else if (v && invisible_p (v) == 0 && array_p (v)) + v = find_variable (arg); + if (v && invisible_p (v) == 0 && array_p (v)) { char *t; /* [[ -v foo ]] == [[ -v foo[0] ]] */ @@ -647,6 +647,8 @@ unary_test (op, arg) t = assoc_reference (assoc_cell (v), "0"); return (t ? TRUE : FALSE); } +#else + v = find_variable (arg); #endif return (v && invisible_p (v) == 0 && var_isset (v) ? TRUE : FALSE); diff --git a/tests/RUN-ONE-TEST b/tests/RUN-ONE-TEST index 58c375b7..554f3d6e 100755 --- a/tests/RUN-ONE-TEST +++ b/tests/RUN-ONE-TEST @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -BUILD_DIR=/usr/local/build/chet/bash/bash-current +BUILD_DIR=/usr/local/build/bash/bash-current THIS_SH=$BUILD_DIR/bash PATH=$PATH:$BUILD_DIR diff --git a/tests/assoc.right b/tests/assoc.right index e10636b2..99143f00 100644 --- a/tests/assoc.right +++ b/tests/assoc.right @@ -220,3 +220,12 @@ declare -A a=(["80's"]="Depeche Mode" ) 1+5 declare -A a=(["\$(date >&2)"]="5" ) declare -A myarray=([foo]="bleh" ["foo[bar"]="bleh" ) +./assoc10.sub: line 1: declare: a: cannot convert indexed to associative array +f: declare -a a +./assoc10.sub: line 4: declare: a: cannot convert associative to indexed array +f: declare -A a + +f: declare -a a +main: declare -- a="7" +f: declare -A a +main: declare -- a="42" diff --git a/tests/assoc.tests b/tests/assoc.tests index 24ab08c0..84326c9c 100644 --- a/tests/assoc.tests +++ b/tests/assoc.tests @@ -217,3 +217,5 @@ ${THIS_SH} ./assoc8.sub # new shopt option to prevent multiple expansion of assoc array subscripts ${THIS_SH} ./assoc9.sub + +${THIS_SH} ./assoc10.sub diff --git a/tests/assoc10.sub b/tests/assoc10.sub new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9eef2cac --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/assoc10.sub @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +f() { declare -a a; declare -A a; echo -n "$FUNCNAME: " ; declare -p a; } +f + +f() { declare -A a; declare -a a; echo -n "$FUNCNAME: " ; declare -p a; } +f + +echo + +f() { declare -a a; echo -n "$FUNCNAME: " ; declare -p a; } +a=7 +f +echo -n 'main: '; declare -p a + +f() { declare -A a; echo -n "$FUNCNAME: " ; declare -p a; } +a=42 +f +echo -n 'main: '; declare -p a diff --git a/tests/nameref.right b/tests/nameref.right index 2ab62b09..02bd2c27 100644 --- a/tests/nameref.right +++ b/tests/nameref.right @@ -440,3 +440,24 @@ declare -n foo="bar" declare -- bar declare -- foo="bar" declare -- bar +declare -a v=([0]="Y") +r: +v: +declare -n ref="var" +declare -a var=([0]="X") +declare -n ref="var" +declare -a var=([0]="X") +declare -n ref="var" +./nameref20.sub: line 23: declare: var: not found +outside: +declare -a foo=([0]="X") +declare -n ref="var" +declare -a var=([0]="X") +outside: +./nameref20.sub: line 38: declare: ref: not found +./nameref20.sub: line 38: declare: var: not found +declare -n ref="var" +declare -- var="X" +outside: +./nameref20.sub: line 45: declare: ref: not found +./nameref20.sub: line 45: declare: var: not found diff --git a/tests/nameref20.sub b/tests/nameref20.sub new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c440db5e --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/nameref20.sub @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +# a collection of cases in bug reports after bash-5.0-alpha was released + +declare -n r=v[0] +v=(X); r=Y +declare -p ${!v*} +printf "%s: <%s>\n" "r" "$r" "v" "$v" + +unset -n r +unset -v v + +declare -n ref=var; declare -a ref +ref=(X) +declare -p ref var + +unset -n ref +unset -v var + +f() { declare -n ref=var; declare ref=(X); declare -p ref var; }; +f + +unset -f f + +f() { declare -n ref=var; declare -g ref=(X); declare -p ref var; }; + +declare -n ref=foo +f +echo outside: +declare -p foo + +unset -n ref +unset -v foo +unset -f f + +f() { declare -n ref=var; declare -a ref; ref=(X); declare -p ref var; } + +f +echo outside: +declare -p ref var +unset -f f + +f() { declare -n ref=var; declare ref; ref=X; declare -p ref var; } + +f +echo outside: +declare -p ref var + +unset -f f diff --git a/tests/quote.right b/tests/quote.right index e4c25741..e4eb9bb9 100644 --- a/tests/quote.right +++ b/tests/quote.right @@ -86,3 +86,37 @@ test'string a'b'c foo b c baz foo 'bar baz +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +===== +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +===== +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +===== +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> +argv[1] = <> diff --git a/tests/quote.tests b/tests/quote.tests index 57ee7e58..d7f13cd0 100644 --- a/tests/quote.tests +++ b/tests/quote.tests @@ -121,3 +121,4 @@ echo "${foo:-string \\}" echo ${foo:-string \\\}} ${THIS_SH} ./quote1.sub +${THIS_SH} ./quote2.sub diff --git a/tests/quote2.sub b/tests/quote2.sub new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7deb4cfa --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/quote2.sub @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +x=x +e= + +recho ${x:+""} +recho ${x:+ ""} +recho ${x:+"" } +recho ${x:+"$e"} +recho ${x:+ "$e"} +recho ${x:+"$e""$e"""} +recho ${x:+"$e""$e"""} +recho ${x:+"$e" "$e"""} +recho ${x:+"$e""$e" ""} +recho ${x:+ "$e""$e"""} + +echo ===== +recho ${x:+''} +recho ${x:+ ''} +recho ${x:+'' } +recho ${x:+'' ''} + +recho ${x:+$e''} +recho ${x:+''$e} + +recho ${x:+''$e $e''} + +echo ===== +recho ${x:+"$(:)"} +recho ${x:+ "$(:)"} +recho ${x:+"$(:)""$(:)"""} +recho ${x:+"$(:)""$(:)"""} +recho ${x:+"$(:)" "$(:)"""} +recho ${x:+"$(:)""$(:)" ""} +recho ${x:+ "$(:)""$(:)"""} + +echo ===== +recho ${x:+"`:`"} +recho ${x:+ "`:`"} +recho ${x:+"`:`""`:`"""} +recho ${x:+"`:`""`:`"""} +recho ${x:+"`:`" "`:`"""} +recho ${x:+"`:`""`:`" ""} +recho ${x:+ "`:`""`:`"""} diff --git a/tests/varenv.right b/tests/varenv.right index c9d364ff..8d72266d 100644 --- a/tests/varenv.right +++ b/tests/varenv.right @@ -152,6 +152,14 @@ outside: declare -x var="global" foo= environment foo= foo=foo environment foo=foo foo=foo environment foo=foo +./varenv13.sub: line 3: `var[0]': not a valid identifier +./varenv13.sub: line 3: `var[@]': not a valid identifier +./varenv13.sub: line 1: declare: var: not found +./varenv13.sub: line 12: var[@]: bad array subscript +declare -A var=([0]="X" ) +help +./varenv13.sub: line 21: `var[0]': not a valid identifier +1 a=z a=b a=z diff --git a/tests/varenv.sh b/tests/varenv.sh index f2299b43..1b654e8f 100644 --- a/tests/varenv.sh +++ b/tests/varenv.sh @@ -234,5 +234,8 @@ ${THIS_SH} ./varenv11.sub # temporary environment variable propagation and scoping in posix mode ${THIS_SH} ./varenv12.sub +# temporary environment and invalid shell indentifier names +${THIS_SH} ./varenv13.sub + # make sure variable scoping is done right tt() { typeset a=b;echo a=$a; };a=z;echo a=$a;tt;echo a=$a diff --git a/tests/varenv13.sub b/tests/varenv13.sub new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0e6a42c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/varenv13.sub @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +f() { declare -p ${!var*} | grep ^var; declare -p var ; } + +var[0]=X var[@]=Y f + +unset -f f +unset -v var + +typeset -A var + +f() { declare -p ${!var*}; } + +var[0]=X var[@]=Y +f + +: ${THIS_SH:=./bash} +env 'v[0]=help' ${THIS_SH} -c 'printenv "v[0]"' + +unset -v var + +f() { test -v 'var[0]'; echo $?; } +var[0]=X f + +unset -v var diff --git a/variables.c b/variables.c index 9927ea05..21d3735f 100644 --- a/variables.c +++ b/variables.c @@ -110,6 +110,8 @@ VAR_CONTEXT *shell_variables = (VAR_CONTEXT *)NULL; the environment. */ HASH_TABLE *shell_functions = (HASH_TABLE *)NULL; +HASH_TABLE *invalid_env = (HASH_TABLE *)NULL; + #if defined (DEBUGGER) /* The table of shell function definitions that the user defined or that came from the environment. */ @@ -247,6 +249,8 @@ static SHELL_VAR *init_funcname_var __P((void)); static void initialize_dynamic_variables __P((void)); +static SHELL_VAR *bind_invalid_envvar __P((const char *, char *, int)); + static SHELL_VAR *hash_lookup __P((const char *, HASH_TABLE *)); static SHELL_VAR *new_shell_variable __P((const char *)); static SHELL_VAR *make_new_variable __P((const char *, HASH_TABLE *)); @@ -393,7 +397,7 @@ initialize_shell_variables (env, privmode) } else { - if (temp_var = bind_variable (name, string, 0)) + if (temp_var = bind_invalid_envvar (name, string, 0)) { VSETATTR (temp_var, (att_exported | att_imported | att_invisible)); array_needs_making = 1; @@ -434,17 +438,24 @@ initialize_shell_variables (env, privmode) if (temp_var) VUNSETATTR (temp_var, att_readonly); } - temp_var = bind_variable (name, string, 0); - if (temp_var) + if (legal_identifier (name)) { - if (legal_identifier (name)) - VSETATTR (temp_var, (att_exported | att_imported)); - else - VSETATTR (temp_var, (att_exported | att_imported | att_invisible)); - if (ro) - VSETATTR (temp_var, att_readonly); - array_needs_making = 1; + temp_var = bind_variable (name, string, 0); + if (temp_var) + { + VSETATTR (temp_var, (att_exported | att_imported)); + if (ro) + VSETATTR (temp_var, att_readonly); + } } + else + { + temp_var = bind_invalid_envvar (name, string, 0); + if (temp_var) + VSETATTR (temp_var, (att_exported | att_imported | att_invisible)); + } + if (temp_var) + array_needs_making = 1; } name[char_index] = '='; @@ -2254,6 +2265,30 @@ find_variable_nameref_for_assignment (name, flags) return (var); } +/* If find_variable (name) returns NULL, check that it's not a nameref + referencing a variable that doesn't exist. If it is, return the new + name. If not, return the original name. Kind of like the previous + function, but dealing strictly with names. This takes assignment flags + so it can deal with the various assignment modes used by `declare'. */ +char * +nameref_transform_name (name, flags) + char *name; + int flags; +{ + SHELL_VAR *v; + char *newname; + + v = 0; + if (flags & ASS_MKLOCAL) + v = find_variable_last_nameref (name, 1); + else if (flags & ASS_MKGLOBAL) + v = (flags & ASS_CHKLOCAL) ? find_variable_last_nameref (name, 1) + : find_global_variable_last_nameref (name, 1); + if (v && nameref_p (v) && valid_nameref_value (nameref_cell (v), 1)) + return nameref_cell (v); + return name; +} + /* Find a variable, forcing a search of the temporary environment first */ SHELL_VAR * find_variable_tempenv (name) @@ -2700,6 +2735,9 @@ make_local_array_variable (name, assoc_ok) ARRAY *array; var = make_local_variable (name, 0); /* XXX for now */ + /* If ASSOC_OK is non-zero, assume that we are ok with letting an assoc + variable return to the caller without converting it. The caller will + either flag an error or do the conversion itself. */ if (var == 0 || array_p (var) || (assoc_ok && assoc_p (var))) return var; @@ -2727,14 +2765,18 @@ make_new_assoc_variable (name) } SHELL_VAR * -make_local_assoc_variable (name) +make_local_assoc_variable (name, array_ok) char *name; + int array_ok; { SHELL_VAR *var; HASH_TABLE *hash; var = make_local_variable (name, 0); /* XXX for now */ - if (var == 0 || assoc_p (var)) + /* If ARRAY_OK is non-zero, assume that we are ok with letting an array + variable return to the caller without converting it. The caller will + either flag an error or do the conversion itself. */ + if (var == 0 || assoc_p (var) || (array_ok && array_p (var))) return var; dispose_variable_value (var); @@ -3157,6 +3199,17 @@ bind_global_variable (name, value, flags) return (bind_variable_internal (name, value, global_variables->table, 0, flags)); } +static SHELL_VAR * +bind_invalid_envvar (name, value, flags) + const char *name; + char *value; + int flags; +{ + if (invalid_env == 0) + invalid_env = hash_create (64); /* XXX */ + return (bind_variable_internal (name, value, invalid_env, HASH_NOSRCH, flags)); +} + /* Make VAR, a simple shell variable, have value VALUE. Once assigned a value, variables are no longer invisible. This is a duplicate of part of the internals of bind_variable. If the variable is exported, or @@ -3407,6 +3460,12 @@ assign_in_env (word, flags) aflags |= ASS_APPEND; } + if (legal_identifier (name) == 0) + { + sh_invalidid (name); + return (0); + } + var = find_variable (name); if (var == 0) { @@ -4774,7 +4833,7 @@ maybe_make_export_env () { register char **temp_array; int new_size; - VAR_CONTEXT *tcxt; + VAR_CONTEXT *tcxt, *icxt; if (array_needs_making) { @@ -4786,7 +4845,7 @@ maybe_make_export_env () variables are not (yet) exported, this will always be big enough for the exported variables and functions. */ new_size = n_shell_variables () + HASH_ENTRIES (shell_functions) + 1 + - HASH_ENTRIES (temporary_env); + HASH_ENTRIES (temporary_env) + HASH_ENTRIES (invalid_env); if (new_size > export_env_size) { export_env_size = new_size; @@ -4807,11 +4866,23 @@ maybe_make_export_env () } else tcxt = shell_variables; + + if (invalid_env) + { + icxt = new_var_context ((char *)NULL, 0); + icxt->table = invalid_env; + icxt->down = tcxt; + } + else + icxt = tcxt; - temp_array = make_var_export_array (tcxt); + temp_array = make_var_export_array (icxt); if (temp_array) add_temp_array_to_env (temp_array, 0, 0); + if (icxt != tcxt) + free (icxt); + if (tcxt != shell_variables) free (tcxt); @@ -4928,7 +4999,7 @@ push_var_context (name, flags, tempvars) functions no longer behave like assignment statements preceding special builtins, and do not persist in the current shell environment. This is austin group interp #654, though nobody implements it yet. */ - posix_func_behavior = posixly_correct; /* placeholder for later */ + posix_func_behavior = posixly_correct; vc = new_var_context (name, flags); /* Posix interp 1009, temporary assignments preceding function calls modify @@ -4957,24 +5028,25 @@ push_var_context (name, flags, tempvars) calls to the surrounding scope. It takes variables out of a temporary environment hash table. We take the - variable in data + variable in data. */ static void push_func_var (data) PTR_T data; { SHELL_VAR *var, *v; - int posix_func_behavior; + int posix_var_behavior; var = (SHELL_VAR *)data; /* As of IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, assignment statements preceding shell functions no longer behave like assignment statements preceding - special builtins, and do not persist in the current shell environment. */ - posix_func_behavior = posixly_correct; /* placeholder for later */ + special builtins, and do not persist in the current shell environment. + This is austin group interp #654, though nobody implements it yet. */ + posix_var_behavior = posixly_correct && (shell_compatibility_level < 50 || vc_isfuncenv (shell_variables) == 0); if (local_p (var) && STREQ (var->name, "-")) set_current_options (value_cell (var)); - else if (tempvar_p (var) && (posix_func_behavior || (var->attributes & att_propagate))) + else if (tempvar_p (var) && (posix_var_behavior || (var->attributes & att_propagate))) { /* Make sure we have a hash table to store the variable in while it is being propagated down to the global variables table. Create one if diff --git a/variables.h b/variables.h index bc1546d1..613e94f9 100644 --- a/variables.h +++ b/variables.h @@ -278,6 +278,7 @@ extern SHELL_VAR *find_shell_variable __P((const char *)); extern SHELL_VAR *find_tempenv_variable __P((const char *)); extern SHELL_VAR *find_variable_no_invisible __P((const char *)); extern SHELL_VAR *find_variable_for_assignment __P((const char *)); +extern char *nameref_transform_name __P((char *, int)); extern SHELL_VAR *copy_variable __P((SHELL_VAR *)); extern SHELL_VAR *make_local_variable __P((const char *, int)); extern SHELL_VAR *bind_variable __P((const char *, char *, int)); @@ -380,7 +381,7 @@ extern SHELL_VAR *make_new_array_variable __P((char *)); extern SHELL_VAR *make_local_array_variable __P((char *, int)); extern SHELL_VAR *make_new_assoc_variable __P((char *)); -extern SHELL_VAR *make_local_assoc_variable __P((char *)); +extern SHELL_VAR *make_local_assoc_variable __P((char *, int)); extern void set_pipestatus_array __P((int *, int)); extern ARRAY *save_pipestatus_array __P((void));