commit bash-20100701 snapshot

2026-08-04 09:12:27 +02:00 · 2011-12-12 22:01:40 -05:00
parent 3d35553ad4
commit 7d92f73f39
56 changed files with 8704 additions and 5916 deletions
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@
 .\"	Case Western Reserve University
 .\"	chet@po.cwru.edu
 .\"
-.\"	Last Change: Sat Jun 12 15:34:58 EDT 2010
+.\"	Last Change: Fri Jul  2 17:31:49 EDT 2010
 .\"
 .\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
 .if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
 .if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
-.TH BASH 1 "2010 June 12" "GNU Bash-4.1"
+.TH BASH 1 "2010 July 2" "GNU Bash-4.1"
 .\"
 .\" There's some problem with having a `@'
 .\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
@@ -554,6 +554,8 @@ reserved word precedes a pipeline, the elapsed as well as user and
 system time consumed by its execution are reported when the pipeline
 terminates.
 The \fB\-p\fP option changes the output format to that specified by POSIX.
+When the shell is in \fIposix mode\fP, it does not recognize
+\fBtime\fP as a reserved word if the next token begins with a `-'.
 The
 .SM
 .B TIMEFORMAT
@@ -1429,14 +1431,15 @@ The command argument to the \fB\-c\fP invocation option.
 .TP
 .B BASH_LINENO
 An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source files
-corresponding to each member of
+where each corresponding member of
 .SM
-.BR FUNCNAME .
+.B FUNCNAME
+was invoked.
 \fB${BASH_LINENO[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP is the line number in the source
-file where \fB${FUNCNAME[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP was called
+file (\fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i+1\fP\fB]}\fP) where
+\fB${FUNCNAME[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP was called
 (or \fB${BASH_LINENO[\fP\fI$i-1\fP\fB]}\fP if referenced within another
 shell function).
-The corresponding source file name is \fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP.
 Use
 .SM
 .B LINENO
@@ -1452,11 +1455,15 @@ string matching the \fIn\fPth parenthesized subexpression.
 This variable is read-only.
 .TP
 .B BASH_SOURCE
-An array variable whose members are the source filenames corresponding
-to the elements in the
+An array variable whose members are the source filenames
+where the corresponding shell function names in the
 .SM
 .B FUNCNAME
-array variable.
+array variable are defined.
+The shell function
+\fB${FUNCNAME[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP is defined in the file
+\fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP and called from
+\fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i+1\fP\fB]}\fP.
 .TP
 .B BASH_SUBSHELL
 Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell environment is spawned.
@@ -1593,7 +1600,7 @@ An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
 currently in the execution call stack.
 The element with index 0 is the name of any currently-executing
 shell function.
-The bottom-most element is
+The bottom-most element (the one with the highest index) is
 .if t \f(CW"main"\fP.
 .if n "main".
 This variable exists only when a shell function is executing.
@@ -1606,6 +1613,16 @@ If
 .B FUNCNAME
 is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is
 subsequently reset.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+This variable can be used with \fBBASH_LINENO\fP and \fBBASH_SOURCE\fP.
+Each element of \fBFUNCNAME\fP has corresponding elements in
+\fBBASH_LINENO\fP and \fBBASH_SOURCE\fP to describe the call stack.
+For instance, \fB${FUNCNAME[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP was called from the file
+\fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i+1\fP\fB]}\fP at line number
+\fB${BASH_LINENO[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP.
+The \fBcaller\fP builtin displays the current call stack using this
+information.
 .TP
 .B GROUPS
 An array variable containing the list of groups of which the current
@@ -3851,8 +3868,10 @@ in multiple identically-named entries in the environment passed to the
 shell's children.
 Care should be taken in cases where this may cause a problem.
 .PP
-Functions may be recursive.  No limit is imposed on the number
-of recursive calls.
+Functions may be recursive.
+The \fBFUNCNEST\fP variable may be used to limit the depth of the
+function call stack and restrict the number of function invocations.
+By default, no limit is imposed on the number of recursive calls.
 .SH "ARITHMETIC EVALUATION"
 The shell allows arithmetic expressions to be evaluated, under
 certain circumstances (see the \fBlet\fP and \fBdeclare\fP builtin
@@ -9048,6 +9067,10 @@ line to be ignored in an interactive shell (see
 .B COMMENTS
 above).  This option is enabled by default.
 .TP 8
+.B lastpipe
+If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs the last command of
+a pipeline not executed in the background in the current shell environment.
+.TP 8
 .B lithist
 If set, and the
 .B cmdhist
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@
 .\"	Case Western Reserve University
 .\"	chet@po.cwru.edu
 .\"
-.\"	Last Change: Sat Jun 12 15:34:58 EDT 2010
+.\"	Last Change: Fri Jul  2 17:31:49 EDT 2010
 .\"
 .\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
 .if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
 .if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
-.TH BASH 1 "2010 June 12" "GNU Bash-4.1"
+.TH BASH 1 "2010 July 2" "GNU Bash-4.1"
 .\"
 .\" There's some problem with having a `@'
 .\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
@@ -554,6 +554,8 @@ reserved word precedes a pipeline, the elapsed as well as user and
 system time consumed by its execution are reported when the pipeline
 terminates.
 The \fB\-p\fP option changes the output format to that specified by POSIX.
+When the shell is in \fIposix mode\fP, it does not recognize
+\fBtime\fP as a reserved word if the next token begins with a `-'.
 The
 .SM
 .B TIMEFORMAT
@@ -1429,14 +1431,15 @@ The command argument to the \fB\-c\fP invocation option.
 .TP
 .B BASH_LINENO
 An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source files
-corresponding to each member of
+where each corresponding member of
 .SM
-.BR FUNCNAME .
+.B FUNCNAME
+was invoked.
 \fB${BASH_LINENO[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP is the line number in the source
-file where \fB${FUNCNAME[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP was called
+file (\fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i+1\fP\fB]}\fP) where
+\fB${FUNCNAME[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP was called
 (or \fB${BASH_LINENO[\fP\fI$i-1\fP\fB]}\fP if referenced within another
 shell function).
-The corresponding source file name is \fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP.
 Use
 .SM
 .B LINENO
@@ -1452,11 +1455,15 @@ string matching the \fIn\fPth parenthesized subexpression.
 This variable is read-only.
 .TP
 .B BASH_SOURCE
-An array variable whose members are the source filenames corresponding
-to the elements in the
+An array variable whose members are the source filenames
+where the corresponding shell function names in the
 .SM
 .B FUNCNAME
-array variable.
+array variable are defined.
+The shell function
+\fB${FUNCNAME[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP is defined in the file
+\fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP and called from
+\fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i+1\fP\fB]}\fP.
 .TP
 .B BASH_SUBSHELL
 Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell environment is spawned.
@@ -1593,7 +1600,7 @@ An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
 currently in the execution call stack.
 The element with index 0 is the name of any currently-executing
 shell function.
-The bottom-most element is
+The bottom-most element (the one with the highest index) is
 .if t \f(CW"main"\fP.
 .if n "main".
 This variable exists only when a shell function is executing.
@@ -1606,6 +1613,16 @@ If
 .B FUNCNAME
 is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is
 subsequently reset.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+This variable can be used with \fBBASH_LINENO\fP and \fBBASH_SOURCE\fP.
+Each element of \fBFUNCNAME\fP has corresponding elements in
+\fBBASH_LINENO\fP and \fBBASH_SOURCE\fP to describe the call stack.
+For instance, \fB${FUNCNAME[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP was called from the file
+\fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i+1\fP\fB]}\fP at line number
+\fB${BASH_LINENO[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP.
+The \fBcaller\fP builtin displays the current call stack using this
+information.
 .TP
 .B GROUPS
 An array variable containing the list of groups of which the current
@@ -8897,6 +8914,7 @@ when in posix mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted
 parameter expansion as a special character.  The single quotes must match
 (an even number) and the characters between the single quotes are considered
 quoted.  This is the behavior of posix mode through version 4.1.
+The default bash behavior remains as in previous versions.
 .TP 8
 .B dirspell
 If set,
@@ -9047,6 +9065,10 @@ line to be ignored in an interactive shell (see
 .B COMMENTS
 above).  This option is enabled by default.
 .TP 8
+.B lastpipe
+If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs the last command of
+a pipeline not executed in the background in the current shell environment.
+.TP 8
 .B lithist
 If set, and the
 .B cmdhist
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 </HEAD>
 <BODY><TABLE WIDTH=100%>
 <TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2010 May 30<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2010 June 12<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
 </TR>
 </TABLE>
 <BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
@@ -3007,9 +3007,14 @@ An indexed array is created automatically if any variable is assigned to
 using the syntax <I>name</I>[<I>subscript</I>]=<I>value</I>.  The
 <I>subscript</I>

-is treated as an arithmetic expression that must evaluate to a number
-greater than or equal to zero.  To explicitly declare an indexed array,
-use
+is treated as an arithmetic expression that must evaluate to a number.
+If
+<I>subscript</I>
+
+evaluates to a number less than zero, it is used as
+an offset from one greater than the array's maximum index (so a subcript
+of -1 refers to the last element of the array).
+To explicitly declare an indexed array, use
 <B>declare -a </B><I>name</I>

 (see
@@ -3491,9 +3496,13 @@ If <I>length</I> is omitted, expands to the substring of

 </FONT>
 below).
-<I>length</I> must evaluate to a number greater than or equal to zero.
 If <I>offset</I> evaluates to a number less than zero, the value
 is used as an offset from the end of the value of <I>parameter</I>.
+If <I>length</I> evaluates to a number less than zero, and <I>parameter</I>
+is not <B>@</B> and not an indexed or associative array, it is interpreted
+as an offset from the end of the value of <I>parameter</I> rather than
+a number of characters, and the expansion is the characters between the
+two offsets.
 If <I>parameter</I> is <B>@</B>, the result is <I>length</I> positional
 parameters beginning at <I>offset</I>.
 If <I>parameter</I> is an indexed array name subscripted by @ or *,
@@ -11373,6 +11382,18 @@ If set,
 changes its behavior to that of version 4.0 with respect to locale-specific
 string comparison when using the conditional command's &lt; and &gt; operators
 and the effect of interrupting a command list.
+<DT><B>compat41</B>
+
+<DD>
+@item compat41
+If set,
+<B>bash</B>,
+
+when in posix mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted
+parameter expansion as a special character.  The single quotes must match
+(an even number) and the characters between the single quotes are considered
+quoted.  This is the behavior of posix mode through version 4.1.
+The default bash behavior remains as in previous versions.
 <DT><B>dirspell</B>

 <DD>
@@ -12608,7 +12629,7 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
 <HR>
 <TABLE WIDTH=100%>
 <TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-4.1<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2010 May 30<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-4.1<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2010 June 12<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
 </TR>
 </TABLE>
 <HR>
@@ -12714,6 +12735,6 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
 </DL>
 <HR>
 This document was created by man2html from bash.1.<BR>
-Time: 07 June 2010 16:19:05 EDT
+Time: 29 June 2010 14:02:49 EDT
 </BODY>
 </HTML>
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <HTML>
 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
-<!-- Created on June, 7  2010 by texi2html 1.64 -->
+<!-- Created on June, 29  2010 by texi2html 1.64 -->
 <!-- 
 Written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author)
            Karl Berry  <karl@freefriends.org>
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ Send bugs and suggestions to <texi2html@mathematik.uni-kl.de>
 <H1>Bash Reference Manual</H1></P><P>

 This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 4.1, 30 May 2010).
+the Bash shell (version 4.1, 12 June 2010).
 </P><P>

-This is Edition 4.1, last updated 30 May 2010,
+This is Edition 4.1, last updated 12 June 2010,
 of <CITE>The GNU Bash Reference Manual</CITE>,
 for <CODE>Bash</CODE>, Version 4.1.
 </P><P>
@@ -2332,9 +2332,13 @@ If <VAR>length</VAR> is omitted, expands to the substring of
 This is referred to as Substring Expansion.
 <P>

-<VAR>length</VAR> must evaluate to a number greater than or equal to zero.
 If <VAR>offset</VAR> evaluates to a number less than zero, the value
 is used as an offset from the end of the value of <VAR>parameter</VAR>.
+If <VAR>length</VAR> evaluates to a number less than zero, and <VAR>parameter</VAR>
+is not <SAMP>`@'</SAMP> and not an indexed or associative array, it is interpreted
+as an offset from the end of the value of <VAR>parameter</VAR> rather than
+a number of characters, and the expansion is the characters between the
+two offsets.
 If <VAR>parameter</VAR> is <SAMP>`@'</SAMP>, the result is <VAR>length</VAR> positional
 parameters beginning at <VAR>offset</VAR>.
 If <VAR>parameter</VAR> is an indexed array name subscripted
@@ -5763,6 +5767,14 @@ string comparison when using the conditional command's &#60; and &#62; operators
 and the effect of interrupting a command list.
 <P>

+<DT><CODE>compat41</CODE>
+<DD>If set, Bash, when in posix mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted
+parameter expansion as a special character.  The single quotes must match
+(an even number) and the characters between the single quotes are considered
+quoted.  This is the behavior of POSIX mode through version 4.1.
+The default Bash behavior remains as in previous versions.
+<P>
+
 <DT><CODE>dirspell</CODE>
 <DD>If set, Bash
 attempts spelling correction on directory names during word completion 
@@ -8162,8 +8174,11 @@ using the syntax
 </pre></td></tr></table></P><P>

 The <VAR>subscript</VAR>
-is treated as an arithmetic expression that must evaluate to a number
-greater than or equal to zero.  To explicitly declare an array, use
+is treated as an arithmetic expression that must evaluate to a number.
+If <VAR>subscript</VAR> evaluates to a number less than zero, it is used as
+an offset from one greater than the array's maximum index (so a subcript
+of -1 refers to the last element of the array).
+To explicitly declare an array, use
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>declare -a <VAR>name</VAR>
 </pre></td></tr></table>The syntax
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>declare -a <VAR>name</VAR>[<VAR>subscript</VAR>]
@@ -16312,7 +16327,7 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="bashref.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
 </TR></TABLE>
 <H1>About this document</H1>
-This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>June, 7  2010</I>
+This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>June, 29  2010</I>
 using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
 "><I>texi2html</I></A>
 <P></P>  
@@ -16474,7 +16489,7 @@ the following structure:
 <BR>  
 <FONT SIZE="-1">
 This document was generated
-by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>June, 7  2010</I>
+by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>June, 29  2010</I>
 using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
 "><I>texi2html</I></A>

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.13 from
-/usr/homes/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi.
+/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi.

 This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 4.1, 30 May 2010).
+the Bash shell (version 4.1, 12 June 2010).

-   This is Edition 4.1, last updated 30 May 2010, of `The GNU Bash
+   This is Edition 4.1, last updated 12 June 2010, of `The GNU Bash
 Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.1.

   Copyright (C) 1988-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ Bash Features
 *************

 This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 4.1, 30 May 2010).
+the Bash shell (version 4.1, 12 June 2010).

-   This is Edition 4.1, last updated 30 May 2010, of `The GNU Bash
+   This is Edition 4.1, last updated 12 June 2010, of `The GNU Bash
 Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.1.

   Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
@@ -1531,16 +1531,19 @@ omitted, the operator tests only for existence.
     OFFSET.  LENGTH and OFFSET are arithmetic expressions (*note Shell
     Arithmetic::).  This is referred to as Substring Expansion.

-     LENGTH must evaluate to a number greater than or equal to zero.
     If OFFSET evaluates to a number less than zero, the value is used
-     as an offset from the end of the value of PARAMETER.  If PARAMETER
-     is `@', the result is LENGTH positional parameters beginning at
-     OFFSET.  If PARAMETER is an indexed array name subscripted by `@'
-     or `*', the result is the LENGTH members of the array beginning
-     with `${PARAMETER[OFFSET]}'.  A negative OFFSET is taken relative
-     to one greater than the maximum index of the specified array.
-     Substring expansion applied to an associative array produces
-     undefined results.
+     as an offset from the end of the value of PARAMETER.  If LENGTH
+     evaluates to a number less than zero, and PARAMETER is not `@' and
+     not an indexed or associative array, it is interpreted as an
+     offset from the end of the value of PARAMETER rather than a number
+     of characters, and the expansion is the characters between the two
+     offsets.  If PARAMETER is `@', the result is LENGTH positional
+     parameters beginning at OFFSET.  If PARAMETER is an indexed array
+     name subscripted by `@' or `*', the result is the LENGTH members
+     of the array beginning with `${PARAMETER[OFFSET]}'.  A negative
+     OFFSET is taken relative to one greater than the maximum index of
+     the specified array.  Substring expansion applied to an
+     associative array produces undefined results.

     Note that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by at
     least one space to avoid being confused with the `:-' expansion.
@@ -3914,6 +3917,14 @@ This builtin allows you to change additional shell optional behavior.
          conditional command's < and > operators and the effect of
          interrupting a command list.

+    `compat41'
+          If set, Bash, when in posix mode, treats a single quote in a
+          double-quoted parameter expansion as a special character.
+          The single quotes must match (an even number) and the
+          characters between the single quotes are considered quoted.
+          This is the behavior of POSIX mode through version 4.1.  The
+          default Bash behavior remains as in previous versions.
+
    `dirspell'
          If set, Bash attempts spelling correction on directory names
          during word completion if the directory name initially
@@ -5488,8 +5499,10 @@ assigned to using the syntax
     name[SUBSCRIPT]=VALUE

 The SUBSCRIPT is treated as an arithmetic expression that must evaluate
-to a number greater than or equal to zero.  To explicitly declare an
-array, use
+to a number.  If SUBSCRIPT evaluates to a number less than zero, it is
+used as an offset from one greater than the array's maximum index (so a
+subcript of -1 refers to the last element of the array).  To explicitly
+declare an array, use
     declare -a NAME
   The syntax
     declare -a NAME[SUBSCRIPT]
@@ -10416,7 +10429,7 @@ D.5 Concept Index


 Tag Table:
-Node: Top1340
+Node: Top1338
 Node: Introduction3169
 Node: What is Bash?3397
 Node: What is a shell?4510
@@ -10449,100 +10462,100 @@ Node: Shell Expansions53319
 Node: Brace Expansion55244
 Node: Tilde Expansion57999
 Node: Shell Parameter Expansion60350
-Node: Command Substitution69251
-Node: Arithmetic Expansion70584
-Node: Process Substitution71434
-Node: Word Splitting72484
-Node: Filename Expansion74107
-Node: Pattern Matching76246
-Node: Quote Removal79885
-Node: Redirections80180
-Node: Executing Commands88705
-Node: Simple Command Expansion89375
-Node: Command Search and Execution91305
-Node: Command Execution Environment93642
-Node: Environment96628
-Node: Exit Status98288
-Node: Signals99909
-Node: Shell Scripts101877
-Node: Shell Builtin Commands104395
-Node: Bourne Shell Builtins106423
-Node: Bash Builtins124101
-Node: Modifying Shell Behavior150306
-Node: The Set Builtin150651
-Node: The Shopt Builtin160175
-Node: Special Builtins171509
-Node: Shell Variables172488
-Node: Bourne Shell Variables172928
-Node: Bash Variables174909
-Node: Bash Features199247
-Node: Invoking Bash200130
-Node: Bash Startup Files205894
-Node: Interactive Shells210906
-Node: What is an Interactive Shell?211316
-Node: Is this Shell Interactive?211965
-Node: Interactive Shell Behavior212780
-Node: Bash Conditional Expressions216060
-Node: Shell Arithmetic219808
-Node: Aliases222567
-Node: Arrays225139
-Node: The Directory Stack229097
-Node: Directory Stack Builtins229811
-Node: Printing a Prompt232703
-Node: The Restricted Shell235455
-Node: Bash POSIX Mode237287
-Node: Job Control246113
-Node: Job Control Basics246573
-Node: Job Control Builtins251290
-Node: Job Control Variables255654
-Node: Command Line Editing256812
-Node: Introduction and Notation258379
-Node: Readline Interaction260001
-Node: Readline Bare Essentials261192
-Node: Readline Movement Commands262981
-Node: Readline Killing Commands263946
-Node: Readline Arguments265866
-Node: Searching266910
-Node: Readline Init File269096
-Node: Readline Init File Syntax270243
-Node: Conditional Init Constructs285347
-Node: Sample Init File287880
-Node: Bindable Readline Commands290997
-Node: Commands For Moving292204
-Node: Commands For History293348
-Node: Commands For Text296503
-Node: Commands For Killing299176
-Node: Numeric Arguments301627
-Node: Commands For Completion302766
-Node: Keyboard Macros306958
-Node: Miscellaneous Commands307529
-Node: Readline vi Mode313335
-Node: Programmable Completion314242
-Node: Programmable Completion Builtins321452
-Node: Using History Interactively330588
-Node: Bash History Facilities331272
-Node: Bash History Builtins334186
-Node: History Interaction338043
-Node: Event Designators340748
-Node: Word Designators341763
-Node: Modifiers343402
-Node: Installing Bash344806
-Node: Basic Installation345943
-Node: Compilers and Options348635
-Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures349376
-Node: Installation Names351040
-Node: Specifying the System Type351858
-Node: Sharing Defaults352574
-Node: Operation Controls353247
-Node: Optional Features354205
-Node: Reporting Bugs363764
-Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell364965
-Node: GNU Free Documentation License381652
-Node: Indexes406848
-Node: Builtin Index407302
-Node: Reserved Word Index414129
-Node: Variable Index416577
-Node: Function Index429531
-Node: Concept Index436540
+Node: Command Substitution69485
+Node: Arithmetic Expansion70818
+Node: Process Substitution71668
+Node: Word Splitting72718
+Node: Filename Expansion74341
+Node: Pattern Matching76480
+Node: Quote Removal80119
+Node: Redirections80414
+Node: Executing Commands88939
+Node: Simple Command Expansion89609
+Node: Command Search and Execution91539
+Node: Command Execution Environment93876
+Node: Environment96862
+Node: Exit Status98522
+Node: Signals100143
+Node: Shell Scripts102111
+Node: Shell Builtin Commands104629
+Node: Bourne Shell Builtins106657
+Node: Bash Builtins124335
+Node: Modifying Shell Behavior150540
+Node: The Set Builtin150885
+Node: The Shopt Builtin160409
+Node: Special Builtins172168
+Node: Shell Variables173147
+Node: Bourne Shell Variables173587
+Node: Bash Variables175568
+Node: Bash Features199906
+Node: Invoking Bash200789
+Node: Bash Startup Files206553
+Node: Interactive Shells211565
+Node: What is an Interactive Shell?211975
+Node: Is this Shell Interactive?212624
+Node: Interactive Shell Behavior213439
+Node: Bash Conditional Expressions216719
+Node: Shell Arithmetic220467
+Node: Aliases223226
+Node: Arrays225798
+Node: The Directory Stack229913
+Node: Directory Stack Builtins230627
+Node: Printing a Prompt233519
+Node: The Restricted Shell236271
+Node: Bash POSIX Mode238103
+Node: Job Control246929
+Node: Job Control Basics247389
+Node: Job Control Builtins252106
+Node: Job Control Variables256470
+Node: Command Line Editing257628
+Node: Introduction and Notation259195
+Node: Readline Interaction260817
+Node: Readline Bare Essentials262008
+Node: Readline Movement Commands263797
+Node: Readline Killing Commands264762
+Node: Readline Arguments266682
+Node: Searching267726
+Node: Readline Init File269912
+Node: Readline Init File Syntax271059
+Node: Conditional Init Constructs286163
+Node: Sample Init File288696
+Node: Bindable Readline Commands291813
+Node: Commands For Moving293020
+Node: Commands For History294164
+Node: Commands For Text297319
+Node: Commands For Killing299992
+Node: Numeric Arguments302443
+Node: Commands For Completion303582
+Node: Keyboard Macros307774
+Node: Miscellaneous Commands308345
+Node: Readline vi Mode314151
+Node: Programmable Completion315058
+Node: Programmable Completion Builtins322268
+Node: Using History Interactively331404
+Node: Bash History Facilities332088
+Node: Bash History Builtins335002
+Node: History Interaction338859
+Node: Event Designators341564
+Node: Word Designators342579
+Node: Modifiers344218
+Node: Installing Bash345622
+Node: Basic Installation346759
+Node: Compilers and Options349451
+Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures350192
+Node: Installation Names351856
+Node: Specifying the System Type352674
+Node: Sharing Defaults353390
+Node: Operation Controls354063
+Node: Optional Features355021
+Node: Reporting Bugs364580
+Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell365781
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License382468
+Node: Indexes407664
+Node: Builtin Index408118
+Node: Reserved Word Index414945
+Node: Variable Index417393
+Node: Function Index430347
+Node: Concept Index437356

 End Tag Table
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-This is TeX, Version 3.141592 (Web2C 7.5.4) (format=tex 2008.12.11)  7 JUN 2010 16:19
-**/usr/homes/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi
-(/usr/homes/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi (./texinfo.tex
+This is TeX, Version 3.141592 (Web2C 7.5.4) (format=tex 2008.12.11)  29 JUN 2010 14:02
+**/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi
+(/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi (./texinfo.tex
 Loading texinfo [version 2009-01-18.17]:
 \bindingoffset=\dimen16
 \normaloffset=\dimen17
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ arallel -k traceroute[]
 [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29]
 [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] Chapter 4 [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42]
 [43]
-Underfull \hbox (badness 5231) in paragraph at lines 3399--3412
+Underfull \hbox (badness 5231) in paragraph at lines 3403--3416
 @texttt emacs-meta[]@textrm , @texttt emacs-ctlx[]@textrm , @texttt vi[]@textr
 m , @texttt vi-move[]@textrm , @texttt vi-command[]@textrm , and

@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ m , @texttt vi-move[]@textrm , @texttt vi-command[]@textrm , and
 .etc.

 [44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49]
-Overfull \hbox (172.34125pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 3856--3856
+Overfull \hbox (172.34125pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 3860--3860
 []@texttt read [-ers] [-a @textttsl aname@texttt ] [-d @textttsl de-lim@texttt
 ] [-i @textttsl text@texttt ] [-n @textttsl nchars@texttt ] [-N @textttsl ncha
 rs@texttt ] [-p @textttsl prompt@texttt ] [-t @textttsl time-
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ rs@texttt ] [-p @textttsl prompt@texttt ] [-t @textttsl time-

 [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] Chapter 5 [62]
 [63] [64] [65] [66] [67] [68] [69] [70] [71] Chapter 6 [72]
-Overfull \hbox (51.96864pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5449--5449
+Overfull \hbox (51.96864pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5460--5460
 []@texttt bash [long-opt] [-ir] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@t
 exttt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-

@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ exttt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-
 .etc.


-Overfull \hbox (76.23077pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5450--5450
+Overfull \hbox (76.23077pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5461--5461
 []@texttt bash [long-opt] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@texttt 
 ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] -c @textttsl string @texttt [@textttsl ar
 -
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ Overfull \hbox (76.23077pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5450--5450
 .etc.


-Overfull \hbox (34.72258pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5451--5451
+Overfull \hbox (34.72258pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5462--5462
 []@texttt bash [long-opt] -s [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@text
 tt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-

@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ tt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-
 .etc.

 [73] [74]
-Underfull \hbox (badness 2245) in paragraph at lines 5624--5626
+Underfull \hbox (badness 2245) in paragraph at lines 5635--5637
 []@textrm When a lo-gin shell ex-its, Bash reads and ex-e-cutes com-mands from 
 the file

@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ the file
 .etc.

 [75] [76] [77] [78] [79] [80] [81] [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88]
-Underfull \hbox (badness 2521) in paragraph at lines 6793--6796
+Underfull \hbox (badness 2521) in paragraph at lines 6807--6810
@textrm `@texttt --enable-strict-posix-default[]@textrm '[] to @texttt configur
 e[] @textrm when build-ing (see Sec-tion 10.8

@@ -326,8 +326,8 @@ e[] @textrm when build-ing (see Sec-tion 10.8
 .etc.

 Chapter 7 [89] [90] [91] [92] [93]
-(/usr/homes/chet/src/bash/src/lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi Chapter 8 [94]
-[95] [96] [97] [98] [99] [100]
+(/Users/chet/src/bash/src/lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi Chapter 8 [94] [95]
+[96] [97] [98] [99] [100]
 Underfull \hbox (badness 5231) in paragraph at lines 551--567
 @texttt emacs-meta[]@textrm , @texttt emacs-ctlx[]@textrm , @texttt vi[]@textr
 m , @texttt vi-move[]@textrm , @texttt vi-command[]@textrm , and
@@ -379,9 +379,9 @@ Underfull \hbox (badness 2753) in paragraph at lines 1919--1922
 .@texttt o
 .etc.

-[121]) (/usr/homes/chet/src/bash/src/lib/readline/doc/hsuser.texi Chapter 9
+[121]) (/Users/chet/src/bash/src/lib/readline/doc/hsuser.texi Chapter 9
 [122] [123] [124] [125] [126]) Chapter 10 [127] [128] [129] [130] [131]
-Underfull \hbox (badness 2772) in paragraph at lines 7394--7398
+Underfull \hbox (badness 2772) in paragraph at lines 7408--7412
 []@textrm Enable sup-port for large files (@texttt http://www.sas.com/standard
 s/large_

@@ -400,11 +400,11 @@ s/large_
 [159] [160] ) 
 Here is how much of TeX's memory you used:
 2081 strings out of 97980
- 28590 string characters out of 1221004
- 65603 words of memory out of 1500000
+ 28558 string characters out of 1221004
+ 65605 words of memory out of 1500000
 2897 multiletter control sequences out of 10000+50000
 32127 words of font info for 112 fonts, out of 1200000 for 2000
 51 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191
- 16i,6n,14p,319b,702s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,6000p,200000b,5000s
+ 16i,6n,14p,315b,702s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,6000p,200000b,5000s

-Output written on bashref.dvi (166 pages, 676044 bytes).
+Output written on bashref.dvi (166 pages, 677000 bytes).
@@ -648,6 +648,9 @@ The statistics currently consist of elapsed (wall-clock) time and
 user and system time consumed by the command's execution.
 The @option{-p} option changes the output format to that specified
 by @sc{posix}.
+When the shell is in @sc{posix} mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}),
+it does not recognize @code{time} as a reserved word if the next
+token begins with a @samp{-}.
 The @env{TIMEFORMAT} variable may be set to a format string that
 specifies how the timing information should be displayed.
@xref{Bash Variables}, for a description of the available formats.
@@ -1325,8 +1328,10 @@ in multiple identically-named entries in the environment passed to the
 shell's children.
 Care should be taken in cases where this may cause a problem.

-Functions may be recursive.  No limit is placed on the number of
-recursive  calls.
+Functions may be recursive.
+The @code{FUNCNEST} variable may be used to limit the depth of the
+function call stack and restrict the number of function invocations.
+By default, no limit is placed on the number of recursive  calls.

@node Shell Parameters
@section Shell Parameters
@@ -4632,6 +4637,10 @@ to cause that word and all remaining characters on that
 line to be ignored in an interactive shell.
 This option is enabled by default.

+@item lastpipe
+If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs the last command of
+a pipeline not executed in the background in the current shell environment.
+
@item lithist
 If enabled, and the @code{cmdhist}
 option is enabled, multi-line commands are saved to the history with
@@ -4894,11 +4903,11 @@ The command argument to the @option{-c} invocation option.

@item BASH_LINENO
 An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source files
-corresponding to each member of @var{FUNCNAME}.
-@code{$@{BASH_LINENO[$i]@}} is the line number in the source file where
+where each corresponding member of @var{FUNCNAME} was invoked.
+@code{$@{BASH_LINENO[$i]@}} is the line number in the source file
+(@code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]@}}) where
@code{$@{FUNCNAME[$i]@}} was called (or @code{$@{BASH_LINENO[$i-1]@}} if
-referenced within another shell function).
-The corresponding source file name is @code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i]@}}.
+referenced within another shell function). 
 Use @code{LINENO} to obtain the current line number.

@item BASH_REMATCH
@@ -4912,8 +4921,11 @@ string matching the @var{n}th parenthesized subexpression.
 This variable is read-only.

@item BASH_SOURCE
-An array variable whose members are the source filenames corresponding
-to the elements in the @code{FUNCNAME} array variable.
+An array variable whose members are the source filenames where the
+corresponding shell function names in the @code{FUNCNAME} array
+variable are defined.
+The shell function @code{$@{FUNCNAME[$i]@}} is defined in the file
+@code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i]@}} and called from @code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]@}}

@item BASH_SUBSHELL
 Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell environment is spawned.
@@ -5070,12 +5082,21 @@ An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
 currently in the execution call stack.
 The element with index 0 is the name of any currently-executing
 shell function.
-The bottom-most element is @code{"main"}.
+The bottom-most element (the one with the highest index)
+is @code{"main"}.
 This variable exists only when a shell function is executing.
 Assignments to @env{FUNCNAME} have no effect and return an error status.
 If @env{FUNCNAME} is unset, it loses its special properties, even if
 it is subsequently reset.

+This variable can be used with @code{BASH_LINENO} and @code{BASH_SOURCE}.
+Each element of @code{FUNCNAME} has corresponding elements in
+@code{BASH_LINENO} and @code{BASH_SOURCE} to describe the call stack.
+For instance, @code{$@{FUNCNAME[$i]@}} was called from the file
+@code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]@}} at line number @code{$@{BASH_LINENO[$i]@}}.
+The @code{caller} builtin displays the current call stack using this
+information.
+
@item FUNCNEST
 If set to a numeric value greater than 0, defines a maximum function
 nesting level.  Function invocations that exceed this nesting level
@@ -6658,6 +6679,10 @@ quote a closing brace or other special character, unless the operator is
 one of those defined to perform pattern removal.  In this case, they do
 not have to appear as matched pairs.

+@item
+The parser does not recognize @code{time} as a reserved word if the next
+token begins with a @samp{-}.
+
@item
 If a @sc{posix} special builtin returns an error status, a
 non-interactive shell exits.  The fatal errors are those listed in
@@ -648,6 +648,9 @@ The statistics currently consist of elapsed (wall-clock) time and
 user and system time consumed by the command's execution.
 The @option{-p} option changes the output format to that specified
 by @sc{posix}.
+When the shell is in @sc{posix} mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}),
+it does not recognize @code{time} as a reserved word if the next
+token begins with a @samp{-}.
 The @env{TIMEFORMAT} variable may be set to a format string that
 specifies how the timing information should be displayed.
@xref{Bash Variables}, for a description of the available formats.
@@ -4514,6 +4517,7 @@ If set, Bash, when in posix mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted
 parameter expansion as a special character.  The single quotes must match
 (an even number) and the characters between the single quotes are considered
 quoted.  This is the behavior of @sc{posix} mode through version 4.1.
+The default Bash behavior remains as in previous versions.

@item dirspell
 If set, Bash
@@ -4631,6 +4635,10 @@ to cause that word and all remaining characters on that
 line to be ignored in an interactive shell.
 This option is enabled by default.

+@item lastpipe
+If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs the last command of
+a pipeline not executed in the background in the current shell environment.
+
@item lithist
 If enabled, and the @code{cmdhist}
 option is enabled, multi-line commands are saved to the history with
@@ -4893,11 +4901,11 @@ The command argument to the @option{-c} invocation option.

@item BASH_LINENO
 An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source files
-corresponding to each member of @var{FUNCNAME}.
-@code{$@{BASH_LINENO[$i]@}} is the line number in the source file where
+where each corresponding member of @var{FUNCNAME} was invoked.
+@code{$@{BASH_LINENO[$i]@}} is the line number in the source file
+(@code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]@}}) where
@code{$@{FUNCNAME[$i]@}} was called (or @code{$@{BASH_LINENO[$i-1]@}} if
-referenced within another shell function).
-The corresponding source file name is @code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i]@}}.
+referenced within another shell function). 
 Use @code{LINENO} to obtain the current line number.

@item BASH_REMATCH
@@ -4911,8 +4919,11 @@ string matching the @var{n}th parenthesized subexpression.
 This variable is read-only.

@item BASH_SOURCE
-An array variable whose members are the source filenames corresponding
-to the elements in the @code{FUNCNAME} array variable.
+An array variable whose members are the source filenames where the
+corresponding shell function names in the @code{FUNCNAME} array
+variable are defined.
+The shell function @code{$@{FUNCNAME[$i]@}} is defined in the file
+@code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i]@}} and called from @code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]@}}

@item BASH_SUBSHELL
 Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell environment is spawned.
@@ -5069,12 +5080,21 @@ An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
 currently in the execution call stack.
 The element with index 0 is the name of any currently-executing
 shell function.
-The bottom-most element is @code{"main"}.
+The bottom-most element (the one with the highest index)
+is @code{"main"}.
 This variable exists only when a shell function is executing.
 Assignments to @env{FUNCNAME} have no effect and return an error status.
 If @env{FUNCNAME} is unset, it loses its special properties, even if
 it is subsequently reset.

+This variable can be used with @code{BASH_LINENO} and @code{BASH_SOURCE}.
+Each element of @code{FUNCNAME} has corresponding elements in
+@code{BASH_LINENO} and @code{BASH_SOURCE} to describe the call stack.
+For instance, @code{$@{FUNCNAME[$i]@}} was called from the file
+@code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]@}} at line number @code{$@{BASH_LINENO[$i]@}}.
+The @code{caller} builtin displays the current call stack using this
+information.
+
@item FUNCNEST
 If set to a numeric value greater than 0, defines a maximum function
 nesting level.  Function invocations that exceed this nesting level
@@ -6657,6 +6677,10 @@ quote a closing brace or other special character, unless the operator is
 one of those defined to perform pattern removal.  In this case, they do
 not have to appear as matched pairs.

+@item
+The parser does not recognize @code{time} as a reserved word if the next
+token begins with a @samp{-}.
+
@item
 If a @sc{posix} special builtin returns an error status, a
 non-interactive shell exits.  The fatal errors are those listed in
@@ -1237,6 +1237,14 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                      with respect to locale-specific string  comparison  when
                      using  the  conditional  command's < and > operators and
                      the effect of interrupting a command list.
+              ccoommppaatt4411
+                      @item compat41 If set, bbaasshh, when in posix mode,  treats
+                      a single quote in a double-quoted parameter expansion as
+                      a special character.  The single quotes must  match  (an
+                      even  number)  and  the  characters  between  the single
+                      quotes are considered quoted.  This is the  behavior  of
+                      posix mode through version 4.1.  The default bash behav-
+                      ior remains as in previous versions.
              ddiirrssppeellll
                      If set, bbaasshh attempts spelling correction  on  directory
                      names  during word completion if the directory name ini-
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 %!PS-Adobe-3.0
 %%Creator: groff version 1.19.2
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+%%CreationDate: Tue Jun 29 14:02:44 2010
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 %%+ font Times-Bold
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-(w.)-.25 G F1(!)144 222 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)12.6 G
+(w.)-.25 G F1(!)144 282 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)12.6 G
 (ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\()
-144 234 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26(Returns the v)6.77
+144 294 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26(Returns the v)6.77
 F .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 5.26(.T)C .26
 (his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26
-(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 246 Q F3 -.2(ex)
-144 258 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35
-(Tr)180 270 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F3
-.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 282 S(pr1).2 E
-F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 294 S
+(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 306 Q F3 -.2(ex)
+144 318 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35
+(Tr)180 330 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F3
+-.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 342 S(pr1).2 E
+F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 354 S
 (ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G
-(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 310.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E
+(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 370.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E
 F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E
 (xpressions using a set of rules based on the number of ar)-.15 E
-(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 328.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e)
-180 340.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 352.8 S -.18
-(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 364.8 Q
+(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 388.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e)
+180 400.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 412.8 S -.18
+(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 424.8 Q
 (xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18
-E 2.5(2a)144 376.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar)
-180 388.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87
+E 2.5(2a)144 436.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar)
+180 448.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87
 F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37
-(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 400.8 R .38
+(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 460.8 R .38
 (gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .68
-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 412.8 Q .553
+-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 472.8 Q .553
 (AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .552(the e)2.802 F .552
 (xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .552
-(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 424.8 Q
+(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 484.8 Q
 (alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E
-(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 436.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G
-(uments).18 E .023(If the second ar)180 448.8 R .023
+(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 496.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G
+(uments).18 E .023(If the second ar)180 508.8 R .023
 (gument is one of the binary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F
-.324 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CON-)2.524 E(DITION)180 460.8 Q
+.324 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CON-)2.524 E(DITION)180 520.8 Q
 1.478(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 1.477(the result of the e)3.727 F
 1.477(xpression is the result of the binary test)-.15 F .513
-(using the \214rst and third ar)180 472.8 R .513(guments as operands.)
+(using the \214rst and third ar)180 532.8 R .513(guments as operands.)
 -.18 F(The)5.513 E F1<ad61>3.013 E F0(and)3.013 E F1<ad6f>3.013 E F0
 .513(operators are considered)3.013 F .972
-(binary operators when there are three ar)180 484.8 R 3.472(guments. If)
+(binary operators when there are three ar)180 544.8 R 3.472(guments. If)
 -.18 F .972(the \214rst ar)3.472 F .972(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.472 E F0
-3.472(,t)C .972(he v)-3.472 F .972(alue is)-.25 F .883(the ne)180 496.8
+3.472(,t)C .972(he v)-3.472 F .972(alue is)-.25 F .883(the ne)180 556.8
 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .883(tion of the tw).05 F(o-ar)-.1 E .884
 (gument test using the second and third ar)-.18 F 3.384(guments. If)-.18
-F .884(the \214rst)3.384 F(ar)180 508.8 Q .875(gument is e)-.18 F
+F .884(the \214rst)3.384 F(ar)180 568.8 Q .875(gument is e)-.18 F
 (xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.375 E F0 .875(and the third ar)3.375 F .875
 (gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))3.375 E F0 3.374(,t)C .874
 (he result is the one-ar)-3.374 F(gument)-.18 E(test of the second ar)
-180 520.8 Q 2.5(gument. Otherwise,)-.18 F(the e)2.5 E(xpression is f)
-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 532.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .384
-(If the \214rst ar)180 544.8 R .384(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.884 E F0
+180 580.8 Q 2.5(gument. Otherwise,)-.18 F(the e)2.5 E(xpression is f)
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+(If the \214rst ar)180 604.8 R .384(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.884 E F0
 2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .385
 (tion of the three-ar).05 F .385(gument e)-.18 F .385(xpression com-)
-.15 F 1.648(posed of the remaining ar)180 556.8 R 4.147
+-.15 F 1.648(posed of the remaining ar)180 616.8 R 4.147
 (guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.647
 (xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G(luated).25 E
-(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 568.8 Q -.15(ve)
-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 580.8 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)
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 -.25(va)-.25 G 1.635
 (luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180
-604.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(times)108 621.6 Q F0 1.229(Print the \
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 accumulated user and system times for the shell and for processes run f\
-rom the shell.)13.23 F(The return status is 0.)144 633.6 Q F1(trap)108
-650.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E F3(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0
-(])A F3(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .702(The command)144 662.4 R F3(ar)
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-768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(19)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
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-(names are case insensiti)144 108 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E/F3
+(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(trap)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5
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+(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 144 R F2
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+(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 156 R F1<ad70>3.36 E
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+1.649(If a)6.649 F F2(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F3(DEB)144 222 Q(UG)
 -.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.168(the command)3.418 F F2(ar)
 3.998 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.168(is e)3.888 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167
 (cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.167(simple command)
 3.667 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.667 E F0(command,)3.667 E F2(case)3.667 E F0
-(com-)3.667 E(mand,)144 150 Q F2(select)2.646 E F0 .146(command, e)2.646
+(com-)3.667 E(mand,)144 234 Q F2(select)2.646 E F0 .146(command, e)2.646
 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .146(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)2.646 E F0 .147
 (command, and before the \214rst command e)2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .147
-(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function \(see)144 162 R F3 .146
+(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function \(see)144 246 R F3 .146
 (SHELL GRAMMAR)2.646 F F0(abo)2.396 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15
 F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.645 E(ug)-.2 E F0
-.145(option to)2.645 F(the)144 174 Q F1(shopt)3.2 E F0 -.2(bu)3.2 G .7
+.145(option to)2.645 F(the)144 258 Q F1(shopt)3.2 E F0 -.2(bu)3.2 G .7
 (iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E(UG)
 -.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F2(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E F3
-(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .701(the com-)2.951 F(mand)144 186 Q F2(ar)3.474
+(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .701(the com-)2.951 F(mand)144 270 Q F2(ar)3.474
 E(g)-.37 E F0 .644(is e)3.364 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643
 (cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
 .643(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.143 E F0(or)3.143 E F1(sour)3.143 E(ce)
-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.143 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 198 Q -.15(xe)-.15
-G(cuting.).15 E .928(If a)144 216 R F2(sigspec)3.768 E F0(is)3.738 E F3
+-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.143 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 282 Q -.15(xe)-.15
+G(cuting.).15 E .928(If a)144 300 R F2(sigspec)3.768 E F0(is)3.738 E F3
 (ERR)3.429 E F4(,)A F0 .929(the command)3.179 F F2(ar)3.759 E(g)-.37 E
 F0 .929(is e)3.649 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .929(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25
 G 3.429(ras).15 G .929(imple command has a non\255zero)-3.429 F -.15(ex)
-144 228 S 1.009(it status, subject to the follo).15 F 1.009
+144 312 S 1.009(it status, subject to the follo).15 F 1.009
 (wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)6.009 E F3(ERR)3.509 E F0 1.009
 (trap is not e)3.259 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.008(cuted if the f).15 F 1.008
 (ailed com-)-.1 F .324
-(mand is part of the command list immediately follo)144 240 R .324
+(mand is part of the command list immediately follo)144 324 R .324
 (wing a)-.25 F F1(while)2.824 E F0(or)2.824 E F1(until)2.824 E F0 -.1
 (ke)2.824 G(yw)-.05 E .324(ord, part of the test)-.1 F 1.129(in an)144
-252 R F2(if)3.639 E F0 1.129(statement, part of a command e)5.589 F -.15
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 (xe)-.15 G 1.129(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.629 E F0(or)3.629 E/F5 10
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-(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.628 E -.25(va)144 264 S(lue is being in).25 E -.15
+(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.628 E -.25(va)144 348 S(lue is being in).25 E -.15
 (ve)-.4 G(rted via).15 E F1(!)2.5 E F0 5(.T)C
 (hese are the same conditions obe)-5 E(yed by the)-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E
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-282 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662
-(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 294 R .662
+366 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662
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 (alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .661(vironment when one is)
-.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 306 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1
+-.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 390 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1
 E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G
 (lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108
-322.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 334.8 S .173
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+(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 418.8 S .173
 (th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F2(name)
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 (uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F
-F1<ad74>144 346.8 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F1(type)3.343 E F0
+F1<ad74>144 430.8 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F1(type)3.343 E F0
 .843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F2(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E
 F2 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)3.343 E F0
 (,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F2
-(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F2(name)144.36 358.8 Q F0 .086
+(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F2(name)144.36 442.8 Q F0 .086
 (is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086
 (ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
 (ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F2
 (name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119
-(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 370.8 R .118
+(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 454.8 R .118
 (xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F
 F1<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F1(type)2.618 E F0 .855
-(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 382.8 R .855
+(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 466.8 R .855
 (ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0
 .855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if)
-144 394.8 R/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141
+144 478.8 R/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141
 G .641(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E
 F1<ad50>3.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F3 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189
-E F0 .112(search for each)144 406.8 R F2(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15
+E F0 .112(search for each)144 490.8 R F2(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15
 (ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F6 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0
 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I)
 .18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F1<ad70>2.613 E
-F0(and)144 418.8 Q F1<ad50>2.945 E F0 .445(print the hashed v)2.945 F
+F0(and)144 502.8 Q F1<ad50>2.945 E F0 .445(print the hashed v)2.945 F
 .444(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 F F3
 -.666(PA)2.944 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .444(If the)4.944 F F1<ad61>2.944
-E F0(option)2.944 E .265(is used,)144 430.8 R F1(type)2.765 E F0 .265
+E F0(option)2.944 E .265(is used,)144 514.8 R F1(type)2.765 E F0 .265
 (prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .265
 (cutable named).15 F F2(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 G .265
 (his includes aliases)-5.265 F .427(and functions, if and only if the)
-144 442.8 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F
+144 526.8 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F
 .426(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .548
-(consulted when using)144 454.8 R F1<ad61>3.048 E F0 5.548(.T)C(he)
+(consulted when using)144 538.8 R F1<ad61>3.048 E F0 5.548(.T)C(he)
 -5.548 E F1<ad66>3.048 E F0 .549
 (option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.048 F F1
-(command)3.049 E F0 -.2(bu)144 466.8 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0
+(command)3.049 E F0 -.2(bu)144 550.8 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0
 (returns true if all of the ar)2.5 E(guments are found, f)-.18 E
-(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E F1(ulimit)108 483.6
+(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E F1(ulimit)108 567.6
 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 495.6 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
+(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 579.6 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
 -.15 G 2.744(rt).15 G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
-.943(that allo)144 507.6 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F
+.943(that allo)144 591.6 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F
 (The)5.943 E F1<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944
 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi)
-144 519.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
+144 603.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
 (hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\
-ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 531.6 R .425
+ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 615.6 R .425
 (alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F1<ad48>2.926 E
 F0(nor)2.926 E F1<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426
 (is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
-543.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
+627.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F
-.741(of the special v)144 555.6 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1
+.741(of the special v)144 639.6 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1
 (soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
 C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78
-(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 567.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
+(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 651.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
 5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78
 (is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25
-F .498(resource is printed, unless the)144 579.6 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0
+F .498(resource is printed, unless the)144 663.6 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0
 .499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499
 (more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F
-(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 591.6 Q 2.5
+(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 675.6 Q 2.5
 (alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1
-<ad61>144 603.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144
-615.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E
-F1<ad63>144 627.6 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E
-F1<ad64>144 639.6 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)
-.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 651.6 Q F0
-(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 663.6 Q
-F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)
-26.97 E F1<ad69>144 675.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)
-27.52 E F1<ad6c>144 687.6 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
-(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 699.6 Q F0
-(The maximum resident set size \(man)21.97 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G
-(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 711.6 Q F0 .791(Th\
-e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
-24.74 F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180
-723.6 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(20)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
+<ad61>144 687.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144
+699.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E
+F1<ad63>144 711.6 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E
+(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(20)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
 %%Page: 21 21
 %%BeginPageSetup
 BP
 %%EndPageSetup
 /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
 (TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad70>144 84 Q F0
+/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad64>144 84 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E
+2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 96 Q F0
+(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 108 Q F0
+(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)26.97
+E F1<ad69>144 120 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)27.52 E F1
+<ad6c>144 132 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
+(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 144 Q F0
+(The maximum resident set size \(man)21.97 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G
+(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 156 Q F0 .791(The \
+maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
+24.74 F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180
+168 Q F1<ad70>144 180 Q F0
 (The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F1
-<ad71>144 96 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)
-24.74 E F1<ad72>144 108 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)
-25.86 E F1<ad73>144 120 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144
-132 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144
-144 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 156 Q F0 .47
+<ad71>144 192 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)
+24.74 E F1<ad72>144 204 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)
+25.86 E F1<ad73>144 216 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144
+228 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144
+240 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
+(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 252 Q F0 .47
 (The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 F -.25(va)-.2 G .47
-(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 168
-Q F1<ad78>144 180 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1
-<ad54>144 192 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 208.8 Q
+(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 264
+Q F1<ad78>144 276 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1
+<ad54>144 288 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 304.8 Q
 /F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)2.933 E F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)
 -.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843(wv)-.25 G .343
 (alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F1<ad61>2.843 E F0 .343
 (option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F .175(option is gi)
-144 220.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>2.675 E F0 .175
+144 316.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>2.675 E F0 .175
 (is assumed.)2.675 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
 (lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .176(xcept for)-.15 F F1
-<ad74>2.676 E F0 2.676(,w)C .176(hich is in)-2.676 F(seconds,)144 232.8
+<ad74>2.676 E F0 2.676(,w)C .176(hich is in)-2.676 F(seconds,)144 328.8
 Q F1<ad70>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016
 (hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.516 F F1<ad54>2.516 E F0(,)
 A F1<ad62>2.515 E F0(,)A F1<ad6e>2.515 E F0 2.515(,a)C(nd)-2.515 E F1
 <ad75>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015(hich are unscaled v)-2.515 F(al-)-.25 E
-3.787(ues. The)144 244.8 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F
+3.787(ues. The)144 340.8 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F
 -.25(va)-.4 G 1.287(lid option or ar).25 F 1.287
 (gument is supplied, or an error occurs)-.18 F(while setting a ne)144
-256.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 273.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+352.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 369.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
 <ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2
-(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 285.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
+(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 381.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
 5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
 (gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\
 therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\
-pted by)144 297.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
-309.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382
+pted by)144 393.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
+405.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382
 (alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
 (option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547
-(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 321.6 R .547
+(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 417.6 R .547
 (ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G
 (he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2
-(mode)144.38 333.6 Q F0 .552
+(mode)144.38 429.6 Q F0 .552
 (is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232
-F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 345.6 Q
+F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 441.6 Q
 (as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
 (gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1
-(unalias)108 362.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 374.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
+(unalias)108 458.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
+(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 470.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
 4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E
 F1<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155
-F(remo)144 386.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
+F(remo)144 482.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
 (alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 403.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
-(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 415.2 S 3.107
+(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 499.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
+(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 511.2 S 3.107
 (re).15 G(ach)-3.107 E F2(name)3.107 E F0 3.107(,r).18 G(emo)-3.107 E
 .907 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .607(he corresponding v).15 F .607
 (ariable or function.)-.25 F .606(If no options are supplied, or the)
-5.607 F F1<ad76>144 427.2 Q F0 .304(option is gi)2.804 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+5.607 F F1<ad76>144 523.2 Q F0 .304(option is gi)2.804 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
 .304(n, each).15 F F2(name)3.164 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
 2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .305
-(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.305 E F1<ad66>144 439.2 Q F0 .46
+(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.305 E F1<ad66>144 535.2 Q F0 .46
 (is speci\214ed, each)2.96 F F2(name)3.32 E F0 .459
 (refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.14
-F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.959(d. Each).15 F .902(unset v)144 451.2 R .902
+F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.959(d. Each).15 F .902(unset v)144 547.2 R .902
 (ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.402(df).15 G .902
 (rom the en)-3.402 F .903(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F
-(If)5.903 E(an)144 463.2 Q 6.916(yo)-.15 G(f)-6.916 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
+(If)5.903 E(an)144 559.2 Q 6.916(yo)-.15 G(f)-6.916 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
 SF(COMP_W)6.916 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)
 6.665 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)6.665 E F4(,)A F3(LINENO)6.665 E F4(,)A F3
 (HISTCMD)6.665 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)6.665 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)144
-475.2 Q(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)2.522 E F3(DIRST)2.772 E -.495(AC)-.81
+571.2 Q(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)2.522 E F3(DIRST)2.772 E -.495(AC)-.81
 G(K).495 E F0 .272(are unset, the)2.522 F 2.772(yl)-.15 G .272
 (ose their special properties, e)-2.772 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.772(ni).15 G
 2.772(ft)-2.772 G(he)-2.772 E 2.773(ya)-.15 G .273(re subsequently)
-2.773 F 2.5(reset. The)144 487.2 R -.15(ex)2.5 G
+-2.773 F 2.5(reset. The)144 583.2 R -.15(ex)2.5 G
 (it status is true unless a).15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E
-(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 504 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 2.5(n.)C(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8
-(Wa)144 516 S .288
+(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 600 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 2.5(n.)C(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8
+(Wa)144 612 S .288
 (it for each speci\214ed process and return its termination status.).8 F
 (Each)5.288 E F2(n)3.148 E F0 .287(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722
-(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 528 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .722
+(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 624 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .722
 (n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722(ipeline are w)
 -3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E F2(n)3.583 E F0
-(is)3.463 E 1.266(not gi)144 540 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.266
+(is)3.463 E 1.266(not gi)144 636 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.266
 (n, all currently acti).15 F 1.566 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265
 (hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.265
 (nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.265 E F2(n)4.125 E F0 .456
-(speci\214es a non-e)144 552 R .457
+(speci\214es a non-e)144 648 R .457
 (xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F .457
-(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 564 S
+(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 660 S
 (it status of the last process or job w).15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E
-/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 580.8 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108
-592.8 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(21)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
+/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 676.8 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108
+688.8 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(21)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
 %%Trailer
 end
 %%EOF
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 %!PS-Adobe-3.0
 %%Creator: groff version 1.19.2
-%%CreationDate: Mon Jun  7 16:18:58 2010
+%%CreationDate: Tue Jun 29 14:02:44 2010
 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman
 %%+ font Times-Bold
 %%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.19 2
@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@
 Copyright (C) 1988-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@end ignore

-@set LASTCHANGE Sat Jun 12 15:35:23 EDT 2010
+@set LASTCHANGE Fri Jul  2 17:30:39 EDT 2010
+

@set EDITION 4.1
@set VERSION 4.1
-@set UPDATED 12 June 2010
-@set UPDATED-MONTH June 2010
+@set UPDATED 2 July 2010
+@set UPDATED-MONTH July 2010
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 Copyright (C) 1988-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@end ignore

-@set LASTCHANGE Sun May 30 17:03:21 EDT 2010
+@set LASTCHANGE Sat Jun 12 15:35:23 EDT 2010

@set EDITION 4.1
@set VERSION 4.1
-@set UPDATED 30 May 2010
-@set UPDATED-MONTH May 2010
+@set UPDATED 12 June 2010
+@set UPDATED-MONTH June 2010