diff --git a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog index 798f0eb6..4ae6b56d 100644 --- a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog +++ b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog @@ -6160,3 +6160,10 @@ general.c - posix_vars: add posix_glob_backslash to the table - posix_initialize: set posix_glob_backslash to 1 when turning on posix mode + + 6/21 + ---- +doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi} + - pathname expansion: note that under some circumstances the shell + will invoke the matching engine for words with unquoted backslashes + - posixglob: document the new shell option and its effects diff --git a/POSIX b/POSIX index f3f4a0b7..b0727fcc 100644 --- a/POSIX +++ b/POSIX @@ -173,62 +173,66 @@ The following list is what's changed when 'POSIX mode' is in effect: option, so numeric arguments to 'shift' that exceed the number of positional parameters will result in an error message. - 45. When the 'alias' builtin displays alias definitions, it does not + 45. Enabling POSIX mode has the effect of setting the 'posixglob' + option, which affects how unquoted backslashes are treated during + filename expansion (*note Filename Expansion::). + + 46. When the 'alias' builtin displays alias definitions, it does not display them with a leading 'alias ' unless the '-p' option is supplied. - 46. When the 'set' builtin is invoked without options, it does not + 47. When the 'set' builtin is invoked without options, it does not display shell function names and definitions. - 47. When the 'set' builtin is invoked without options, it displays + 48. When the 'set' builtin is invoked without options, it displays variable values without quotes, unless they contain shell metacharacters, even if the result contains nonprinting characters. - 48. When the 'cd' builtin is invoked in LOGICAL mode, and the pathname + 49. When the 'cd' builtin is invoked in LOGICAL mode, and the pathname constructed from '$PWD' and the directory name supplied as an argument does not refer to an existing directory, 'cd' will fail instead of falling back to PHYSICAL mode. - 49. When the 'cd' builtin cannot change a directory because the length + 50. When the 'cd' builtin cannot change a directory because the length of the pathname constructed from '$PWD' and the directory name supplied as an argument exceeds PATH_MAX when all symbolic links are expanded, 'cd' will fail instead of attempting to use only the supplied directory name. - 50. The 'pwd' builtin verifies that the value it prints is the same as + 51. The 'pwd' builtin verifies that the value it prints is the same as the current directory, even if it is not asked to check the file system with the '-P' option. - 51. When listing the history, the 'fc' builtin does not include an + 52. When listing the history, the 'fc' builtin does not include an indication of whether or not a history entry has been modified. - 52. The default editor used by 'fc' is 'ed'. + 53. The default editor used by 'fc' is 'ed'. - 53. The 'type' and 'command' builtins will not report a non-executable + 54. The 'type' and 'command' builtins will not report a non-executable file as having been found, though the shell will attempt to execute such a file if it is the only so-named file found in '$PATH'. - 54. The 'vi' editing mode will invoke the 'vi' editor directly when + 55. The 'vi' editing mode will invoke the 'vi' editor directly when the 'v' command is run, instead of checking '$VISUAL' and '$EDITOR'. - 55. When the 'xpg_echo' option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to + 56. When the 'xpg_echo' option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to interpret any arguments to 'echo' as options. Each argument is displayed, after escape characters are converted. - 56. The 'ulimit' builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the '-c' + 57. The 'ulimit' builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the '-c' and '-f' options. - 57. The arrival of 'SIGCHLD' when a trap is set on 'SIGCHLD' does not + 58. The arrival of 'SIGCHLD' when a trap is set on 'SIGCHLD' does not interrupt the 'wait' builtin and cause it to return immediately. The trap command is run once for each child that exits. - 58. The 'read' builtin may be interrupted by a signal for which a trap + 59. The 'read' builtin may be interrupted by a signal for which a trap has been set. If Bash receives a trapped signal while executing 'read', the trap handler executes and 'read' returns an exit status greater than 128. - 59. Bash removes an exited background process's status from the list + 60. Bash removes an exited background process's status from the list of such statuses after the 'wait' builtin is used to obtain it. There is other POSIX behavior that Bash does not implement by default diff --git a/RBASH b/RBASH index 9478fc64..ad23f8d9 100644 --- a/RBASH +++ b/RBASH @@ -35,3 +35,15 @@ When a command that is found to be a shell script is executed (*note Shell Scripts::), 'rbash' turns off any restrictions in the shell spawned to execute the script. +The restricted shell mode is only one component of a useful restricted +environment. It should be accompanied by setting 'PATH' to a value that +allows execution of only a few verified commands (commands that allow +shell escapes are particularly vulnerable), leaving the user in a +non-writable directory other than his home directory after login, not +allowing the restricted shell to execute shell scripts, and cleaning the +environment of variables that cause some commands to modify their +behavior (e.g., 'VISUAL' or 'PAGER'). + +Modern systems provide more secure ways to implement a restricted +environment, such as 'jails', 'zones', or 'containers'. + diff --git a/doc/bash.0 b/doc/bash.0 index 3a78deff..a31c5bb9 100644 --- a/doc/bash.0 +++ b/doc/bash.0 @@ -1932,27 +1932,29 @@ EEXXPPAANNSSIIOONN PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn After word splitting, unless the --ff option has been set, bbaasshh scans - each word for the characters **, ??, and [[. If one of these characters - appears, then the word is regarded as a _p_a_t_t_e_r_n, and replaced with an - alphabetically sorted list of filenames matching the pattern (see PPaatt-- - tteerrnn MMaattcchhiinngg below). If no matching filenames are found, and the - shell option nnuullllgglloobb is not enabled, the word is left unchanged. If - the nnuullllgglloobb option is set, and no matches are found, the word is - removed. If the ffaaiillgglloobb shell option is set, and no matches are - found, an error message is printed and the command is not executed. If - the shell option nnooccaasseegglloobb is enabled, the match is performed without - regard to the case of alphabetic characters. When a pattern is used - for pathname expansion, the character ````..'''' at the start of a name or - immediately following a slash must be matched explicitly, unless the - shell option ddoottgglloobb is set. The filenames ````..'''' and ````....'''' must - always be matched explicitly, even if ddoottgglloobb is set. In other cases, - the ````..'''' character is not treated specially. When matching a path- - name, the slash character must always be matched explicitly by a slash - in the pattern, but in other matching contexts it can be matched by a - special pattern character as described below under PPaatttteerrnn MMaattcchhiinngg. - See the description of sshhoopptt below under SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS for a - description of the nnooccaasseegglloobb, nnuullllgglloobb, ffaaiillgglloobb, and ddoottgglloobb shell - options. + each word for the characters **, ??, [[, and, under certain circumstances + (e.g., when it appears in the expansion of an unquoted shell variable, + depending on the setting of the ppoossiixxgglloobb shell option), \\. If one of + these characters appears, then the word is regarded as a _p_a_t_t_e_r_n, and + replaced with an alphabetically sorted list of filenames matching the + pattern (see PPaatttteerrnn MMaattcchhiinngg below). If no matching filenames are + found, and the shell option nnuullllgglloobb is not enabled, the word is left + unchanged. If the nnuullllgglloobb option is set, and no matches are found, + the word is removed. If the ffaaiillgglloobb shell option is set, and no + matches are found, an error message is printed and the command is not + executed. If the shell option nnooccaasseegglloobb is enabled, the match is per- + formed without regard to the case of alphabetic characters. When a + pattern is used for pathname expansion, the character ````..'''' at the + start of a name or immediately following a slash must be matched + explicitly, unless the shell option ddoottgglloobb is set. The filenames + ````..'''' and ````....'''' must always be matched explicitly, even if ddoottgglloobb + is set. In other cases, the ````..'''' character is not treated specially. + When matching a pathname, the slash character must always be matched + explicitly by a slash in the pattern, but in other matching contexts it + can be matched by a special pattern character as described below under + PPaatttteerrnn MMaattcchhiinngg. See the description of sshhoopptt below under SSHHEELLLL + BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS for a description of the nnooccaasseegglloobb, nnuullllgglloobb, ffaaiill-- + gglloobb, and ddoottgglloobb shell options. The GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE shell variable may be used to restrict the set of file names matching a _p_a_t_t_e_r_n. If GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE is set, each matching file @@ -2457,15 +2459,17 @@ AARRIITTHHMMEETTIICC EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN to 0. A shell variable need not have its _i_n_t_e_g_e_r attribute turned on to be used in an expression. - Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers. A leading - 0x or 0X denotes hexadecimal. Otherwise, numbers take the form - [_b_a_s_e_#]n, where the optional _b_a_s_e is a decimal number between 2 and 64 - representing the arithmetic base, and _n is a number in that base. If - _b_a_s_e_# is omitted, then base 10 is used. When specifying _n, the digits - greater than 9 are represented by the lowercase letters, the uppercase - letters, @, and _, in that order. If _b_a_s_e is less than or equal to 36, - lowercase and uppercase letters may be used interchangeably to repre- - sent numbers between 10 and 35. + Integer constants follow the C language definition, without suffixes or + character constants. Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as + octal numbers. A leading 0x or 0X denotes hexadecimal. Otherwise, + numbers take the form [_b_a_s_e_#]n, where the optional _b_a_s_e is a decimal + number between 2 and 64 representing the arithmetic base, and _n is a + number in that base. If _b_a_s_e_# is omitted, then base 10 is used. When + specifying _n, if a non-digit is required, the digits greater than 9 are + represented by the lowercase letters, the uppercase letters, @, and _, + in that order. If _b_a_s_e is less than or equal to 36, lowercase and + uppercase letters may be used interchangeably to represent numbers + between 10 and 35. Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. Sub-expressions in parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence rules @@ -5776,6 +5780,12 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS If set, bbaasshh allows patterns which match no files (see PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn above) to expand to a null string, rather than themselves. + ppoossiixxgglloobb + If set, bbaasshh makes words containing unquoted backslashes + after expansion eligible for pathname expansion, even if + they don't contain any other unquoted pattern charac- + ters. This option is enabled by default, and is enabled + when _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e is enabled. pprrooggccoommpp If set, the programmable completion facilities (see PPrroo-- ggrraammmmaabbllee CCoommpplleettiioonn above) are enabled. This option is @@ -6182,4 +6192,4 @@ BBUUGGSS -GNU Bash 5.0 2019 May 20 BASH(1) +GNU Bash 5.0 2019 June 21 BASH(1) diff --git a/doc/bash.1 b/doc/bash.1 index d79f3a65..f25be103 100644 --- a/doc/bash.1 +++ b/doc/bash.1 @@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ .\" Case Western Reserve University .\" chet.ramey@case.edu .\" -.\" Last Change: Wed Jun 19 11:22:28 EDT 2019 +.\" Last Change: Fri Jun 21 10:26:44 EDT 2019 .\" .\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section .if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ .if \n(zY=1 .ig zY -.TH BASH 1 "2019 June 19" "GNU Bash 5.0" +.TH BASH 1 "2019 June 21" "GNU Bash 5.0" .\" .\" There's some problem with having a `@' .\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros. @@ -3546,8 +3546,11 @@ option has been set, scans each word for the characters .BR * , .BR ? , -and -.BR [ . +.BR [ , +and, under certain circumstances (e.g., when it appears in the expansion of +an unquoted shell variable, depending on the setting of the \fBposixglob\fP +shell option), +.BR \e . If one of these characters appears, then the word is regarded as a .IR pattern , @@ -10199,6 +10202,14 @@ files (see above) to expand to a null string, rather than themselves. .TP 8 +.B posixglob +If set, +.B bash +makes words containing unquoted backslashes after expansion eligible for +pathname expansion, even if they don't contain any other unquoted pattern +characters. This option is enabled by default, and is enabled when +\fIposix mode\fP is enabled. +.TP 8 .B progcomp If set, the programmable completion facilities (see \fBProgrammable Completion\fP above) are enabled. diff --git a/doc/bash.html b/doc/bash.html index 2483695c..66260274 100644 --- a/doc/bash.html +++ b/doc/bash.html @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ -
BASH(1)2019 May 20BASH(1) +BASH(1)2019 June 21BASH(1)

Index @@ -4470,8 +4470,12 @@ scans each word for the characters ?, -and -[. +[, + +and, under certain circumstances (e.g., when it appears in the expansion of +an unquoted shell variable, depending on the setting of the posixglob +shell option), +\. If one of these characters appears, then the word is regarded as a @@ -5736,6 +5740,8 @@ A shell variable need not have its integer attribute turned on to be used in an expression.

+Integer constants follow the C language definition, without suffixes or +character constants. Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers. A leading 0x or 0X denotes hexadecimal. Otherwise, numbers take the form [base#]n, where the optional base @@ -5743,6 +5749,7 @@ is a decimal number between 2 and 64 representing the arithmetic base, and n is a number in that base. If base# is omitted, then base 10 is used. When specifying n, +if a non-digit is required, the digits greater than 9 are represented by the lowercase letters, the uppercase letters, @, and _, in that order. If base is less than or equal to 36, lowercase and uppercase @@ -12924,6 +12931,16 @@ files (see above) to expand to a null string, rather than themselves. +

posixglob + +
+If set, +bash + +makes words containing unquoted backslashes after expansion eligible for +pathname expansion, even if they don't contain any other unquoted pattern +characters. This option is enabled by default, and is enabled when +posix mode is enabled.
progcomp
@@ -13006,6 +13023,7 @@ the evaluation of the conditional expression Each operator and operand must be a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries described above under + CONDITIONAL EXPRESSIONS. @@ -13962,7 +13980,7 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
-
GNU Bash 5.02019 May 20BASH(1) +GNU Bash 5.02019 June 21BASH(1)
@@ -14068,6 +14086,6 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
This document was created by man2html from bash.1.
-Time: 12 June 2019 15:27:00 EDT +Time: 21 June 2019 10:27:46 EDT diff --git a/doc/bash.info b/doc/bash.info index 8c7359a4..871dd914 100644 --- a/doc/bash.info +++ b/doc/bash.info @@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ This is bash.info, produced by makeinfo version 6.5 from bashref.texi. This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the -Bash shell (version 5.0, 12 June 2019). +Bash shell (version 5.0, 21 June 2019). - This is Edition 5.0, last updated 12 June 2019, of 'The GNU Bash + This is Edition 5.0, last updated 21 June 2019, of 'The GNU Bash Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.0. Copyright (C) 1988-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ Bash Features ************* This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the -Bash shell (version 5.0, 12 June 2019). The Bash home page is +Bash shell (version 5.0, 21 June 2019). The Bash home page is . - This is Edition 5.0, last updated 12 June 2019, of 'The GNU Bash + This is Edition 5.0, last updated 21 June 2019, of 'The GNU Bash Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.0. Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some @@ -2116,16 +2116,18 @@ File: bash.info, Node: Filename Expansion, Next: Quote Removal, Prev: Word Sp * Pattern Matching:: How the shell matches patterns. After word splitting, unless the '-f' option has been set (*note The Set -Builtin::), Bash scans each word for the characters '*', '?', and '['. -If one of these characters appears, then the word is regarded as a -PATTERN, and replaced with an alphabetically sorted list of filenames -matching the pattern (*note Pattern Matching::). If no matching -filenames are found, and the shell option 'nullglob' is disabled, the -word is left unchanged. If the 'nullglob' option is set, and no matches -are found, the word is removed. If the 'failglob' shell option is set, -and no matches are found, an error message is printed and the command is -not executed. If the shell option 'nocaseglob' is enabled, the match is -performed without regard to the case of alphabetic characters. +Builtin::), Bash scans each word for the characters '*', '?', '[', and, +under certain circumstances (e.g., when it appears in the expansion of +an unquoted shell variable), '\\'. If one of these characters appears, +then the word is regarded as a PATTERN, and replaced with an +alphabetically sorted list of filenames matching the pattern (*note +Pattern Matching::). If no matching filenames are found, and the shell +option 'nullglob' is disabled, the word is left unchanged. If the +'nullglob' option is set, and no matches are found, the word is removed. +If the 'failglob' shell option is set, and no matches are found, an +error message is printed and the command is not executed. If the shell +option 'nocaseglob' is enabled, the match is performed without regard to +the case of alphabetic characters. When a pattern is used for filename expansion, the character '.' at the start of a filename or immediately following a slash must be matched @@ -4676,6 +4678,12 @@ This builtin allows you to change additional shell optional behavior. If set, Bash allows filename patterns which match no files to expand to a null string, rather than themselves. + 'posixglob' + If set, Bash makes words containing unquoted backslashes after + expansion eligible for filename expansion, even if they don't + contain any other unquoted pattern characters. This option is + enabled by default and is enabled when POSIX mode is enabled. + 'progcomp' If set, the programmable completion facilities (*note Programmable Completion::) are enabled. This option is @@ -6168,15 +6176,17 @@ given the INTEGER attribute using 'declare -i' is assigned a value. A null value evaluates to 0. A shell variable need not have its INTEGER attribute turned on to be used in an expression. - Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers. A -leading '0x' or '0X' denotes hexadecimal. Otherwise, numbers take the -form [BASE'#']N, where the optional BASE is a decimal number between 2 -and 64 representing the arithmetic base, and N is a number in that base. -If BASE'#' is omitted, then base 10 is used. When specifying N, the -digits greater than 9 are represented by the lowercase letters, the -uppercase letters, '@', and '_', in that order. If BASE is less than or -equal to 36, lowercase and uppercase letters may be used interchangeably -to represent numbers between 10 and 35. + Integer constants follow the C language definition, without suffixes +or character constants. Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as +octal numbers. A leading '0x' or '0X' denotes hexadecimal. Otherwise, +numbers take the form [BASE'#']N, where the optional BASE is a decimal +number between 2 and 64 representing the arithmetic base, and N is a +number in that base. If BASE'#' is omitted, then base 10 is used. When +specifying N, if a non-digit is required, the digits greater than 9 are +represented by the lowercase letters, the uppercase letters, '@', and +'_', in that order. If BASE is less than or equal to 36, lowercase and +uppercase letters may be used interchangeably to represent numbers +between 10 and 35. Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. Sub-expressions in parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence rules @@ -6757,62 +6767,66 @@ startup files. option, so numeric arguments to 'shift' that exceed the number of positional parameters will result in an error message. - 45. When the 'alias' builtin displays alias definitions, it does not + 45. Enabling POSIX mode has the effect of setting the 'posixglob' + option, which affects how unquoted backslashes are treated during + filename expansion (*note Filename Expansion::). + + 46. When the 'alias' builtin displays alias definitions, it does not display them with a leading 'alias ' unless the '-p' option is supplied. - 46. When the 'set' builtin is invoked without options, it does not + 47. When the 'set' builtin is invoked without options, it does not display shell function names and definitions. - 47. When the 'set' builtin is invoked without options, it displays + 48. When the 'set' builtin is invoked without options, it displays variable values without quotes, unless they contain shell metacharacters, even if the result contains nonprinting characters. - 48. When the 'cd' builtin is invoked in LOGICAL mode, and the pathname + 49. When the 'cd' builtin is invoked in LOGICAL mode, and the pathname constructed from '$PWD' and the directory name supplied as an argument does not refer to an existing directory, 'cd' will fail instead of falling back to PHYSICAL mode. - 49. When the 'cd' builtin cannot change a directory because the length + 50. When the 'cd' builtin cannot change a directory because the length of the pathname constructed from '$PWD' and the directory name supplied as an argument exceeds PATH_MAX when all symbolic links are expanded, 'cd' will fail instead of attempting to use only the supplied directory name. - 50. The 'pwd' builtin verifies that the value it prints is the same as + 51. The 'pwd' builtin verifies that the value it prints is the same as the current directory, even if it is not asked to check the file system with the '-P' option. - 51. When listing the history, the 'fc' builtin does not include an + 52. When listing the history, the 'fc' builtin does not include an indication of whether or not a history entry has been modified. - 52. The default editor used by 'fc' is 'ed'. + 53. The default editor used by 'fc' is 'ed'. - 53. The 'type' and 'command' builtins will not report a non-executable + 54. The 'type' and 'command' builtins will not report a non-executable file as having been found, though the shell will attempt to execute such a file if it is the only so-named file found in '$PATH'. - 54. The 'vi' editing mode will invoke the 'vi' editor directly when + 55. The 'vi' editing mode will invoke the 'vi' editor directly when the 'v' command is run, instead of checking '$VISUAL' and '$EDITOR'. - 55. When the 'xpg_echo' option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to + 56. When the 'xpg_echo' option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to interpret any arguments to 'echo' as options. Each argument is displayed, after escape characters are converted. - 56. The 'ulimit' builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the '-c' + 57. The 'ulimit' builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the '-c' and '-f' options. - 57. The arrival of 'SIGCHLD' when a trap is set on 'SIGCHLD' does not + 58. The arrival of 'SIGCHLD' when a trap is set on 'SIGCHLD' does not interrupt the 'wait' builtin and cause it to return immediately. The trap command is run once for each child that exits. - 58. The 'read' builtin may be interrupted by a signal for which a trap + 59. The 'read' builtin may be interrupted by a signal for which a trap has been set. If Bash receives a trapped signal while executing 'read', the trap handler executes and 'read' returns an exit status greater than 128. - 59. Bash removes an exited background process's status from the list + 60. Bash removes an exited background process's status from the list of such statuses after the 'wait' builtin is used to obtain it. There is other POSIX behavior that Bash does not implement by default @@ -8080,11 +8094,11 @@ File: bash.info, Node: Commands For Moving, Next: Commands For History, Up: B Move back to the start of the current or previous word. Words are composed of letters and digits. -'shell-forward-word ()' +'shell-forward-word (M-C-f)' Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters. -'shell-backward-word ()' +'shell-backward-word (M-C-b)' Move back to the start of the current or previous word. Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters. @@ -8308,7 +8322,7 @@ File: bash.info, Node: Commands For Killing, Next: Numeric Arguments, Prev: C Kill the word behind point. Word boundaries are the same as 'backward-word'. -'shell-kill-word ()' +'shell-kill-word (M-C-d)' Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the same as 'shell-forward-word'. @@ -8317,6 +8331,13 @@ File: bash.info, Node: Commands For Killing, Next: Numeric Arguments, Prev: C Kill the word behind point. Word boundaries are the same as 'shell-backward-word'. +'shell-transpose-words (M-C-t)' + Drag the word before point past the word after point, moving point + past that word as well. If the insertion point is at the end of + the line, this transposes the last two words on the line. Word + boundaries are the same as 'shell-forward-word' and + 'shell-backward-word'. + 'unix-word-rubout (C-w)' Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word boundary. The killed text is saved on the kill-ring. @@ -11398,18 +11419,18 @@ D.4 Function Index * complete-variable (M-$): Commands For Completion. (line 64) * copy-backward-word (): Commands For Killing. - (line 58) + (line 65) * copy-forward-word (): Commands For Killing. - (line 63) + (line 70) * copy-region-as-kill (): Commands For Killing. - (line 54) + (line 61) * dabbrev-expand (): Commands For Completion. (line 95) * delete-char (C-d): Commands For Text. (line 12) * delete-char-or-list (): Commands For Completion. (line 43) * delete-horizontal-space (): Commands For Killing. - (line 46) + (line 53) * digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ... M--): Numeric Arguments. (line 6) * display-shell-version (C-x C-v): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 110) @@ -11465,7 +11486,7 @@ D.4 Function Index * kill-line (C-k): Commands For Killing. (line 6) * kill-region (): Commands For Killing. - (line 50) + (line 57) * kill-whole-line (): Commands For Killing. (line 15) * kill-word (M-d): Commands For Killing. @@ -11517,12 +11538,14 @@ D.4 Function Index (line 33) * shell-backward-kill-word (): Commands For Killing. (line 33) -* shell-backward-word (): Commands For Moving. (line 30) +* shell-backward-word (M-C-b): Commands For Moving. (line 30) * shell-expand-line (M-C-e): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 113) -* shell-forward-word (): Commands For Moving. (line 26) -* shell-kill-word (): Commands For Killing. +* shell-forward-word (M-C-f): Commands For Moving. (line 26) +* shell-kill-word (M-C-d): Commands For Killing. (line 28) +* shell-transpose-words (M-C-t): Commands For Killing. + (line 37) * skip-csi-sequence (): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 52) * start-kbd-macro (C-x (): Keyboard Macros. (line 6) @@ -11534,20 +11557,20 @@ D.4 Function Index (line 23) * universal-argument (): Numeric Arguments. (line 10) * unix-filename-rubout (): Commands For Killing. - (line 41) + (line 48) * unix-line-discard (C-u): Commands For Killing. (line 12) * unix-word-rubout (C-w): Commands For Killing. - (line 37) + (line 44) * upcase-word (M-u): Commands For Text. (line 53) * yank (C-y): Commands For Killing. - (line 68) + (line 75) * yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_): Commands For History. (line 80) * yank-nth-arg (M-C-y): Commands For History. (line 71) * yank-pop (M-y): Commands For Killing. - (line 71) + (line 78)  File: bash.info, Node: Concept Index, Prev: Function Index, Up: Indexes @@ -11749,96 +11772,96 @@ Node: Arithmetic Expansion87084 Node: Process Substitution88016 Node: Word Splitting89136 Node: Filename Expansion91080 -Node: Pattern Matching93610 -Node: Quote Removal97596 -Node: Redirections97891 -Node: Executing Commands107449 -Node: Simple Command Expansion108119 -Node: Command Search and Execution110049 -Node: Command Execution Environment112425 -Node: Environment115409 -Node: Exit Status117068 -Node: Signals118738 -Node: Shell Scripts120705 -Node: Shell Builtin Commands123220 -Node: Bourne Shell Builtins125258 -Node: Bash Builtins146008 -Node: Modifying Shell Behavior174933 -Node: The Set Builtin175278 -Node: The Shopt Builtin185691 -Node: Special Builtins203361 -Node: Shell Variables204340 -Node: Bourne Shell Variables204777 -Node: Bash Variables206881 -Node: Bash Features237828 -Node: Invoking Bash238727 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Optional Features419364 -Node: Reporting Bugs429882 -Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell431076 -Node: GNU Free Documentation License447928 -Node: Indexes473105 -Node: Builtin Index473559 -Node: Reserved Word Index480386 -Node: Variable Index482834 -Node: Function Index498658 -Node: Concept Index511961 +Node: Pattern Matching93717 +Node: Quote Removal97703 +Node: Redirections97998 +Node: Executing Commands107556 +Node: Simple Command Expansion108226 +Node: Command Search and Execution110156 +Node: Command Execution Environment112532 +Node: Environment115516 +Node: Exit Status117175 +Node: Signals118845 +Node: Shell Scripts120812 +Node: Shell Builtin Commands123327 +Node: Bourne Shell Builtins125365 +Node: Bash Builtins146115 +Node: Modifying Shell Behavior175040 +Node: The Set Builtin175385 +Node: The Shopt Builtin185798 +Node: Special Builtins203776 +Node: Shell Variables204755 +Node: Bourne Shell Variables205192 +Node: Bash Variables207296 +Node: Bash Features238243 +Node: Invoking Bash239142 +Node: Bash Startup Files245155 +Node: Interactive Shells250258 +Node: What is an Interactive Shell?250668 +Node: Is this Shell Interactive?251317 +Node: Interactive Shell Behavior252132 +Node: Bash Conditional Expressions255619 +Node: Shell Arithmetic260196 +Node: Aliases263136 +Node: Arrays265756 +Node: The Directory Stack271121 +Node: Directory Stack Builtins271905 +Node: Controlling the Prompt274873 +Node: The Restricted Shell277794 +Node: Bash POSIX Mode280276 +Node: Job Control291403 +Node: Job Control Basics291863 +Node: Job Control Builtins296827 +Node: Job Control Variables301645 +Node: Command Line Editing302801 +Node: Introduction and Notation304472 +Node: Readline Interaction306095 +Node: Readline Bare Essentials307286 +Node: Readline Movement Commands309069 +Node: Readline Killing Commands310029 +Node: Readline Arguments311947 +Node: Searching312991 +Node: Readline Init File315177 +Node: Readline Init File Syntax316436 +Node: Conditional Init Constructs336875 +Node: Sample Init File341071 +Node: Bindable Readline Commands344188 +Node: Commands For Moving345392 +Node: Commands For History347251 +Node: Commands For Text351546 +Node: Commands For Killing354934 +Node: Numeric Arguments357749 +Node: Commands For Completion358888 +Node: Keyboard Macros363079 +Node: Miscellaneous Commands363766 +Node: Readline vi Mode369719 +Node: Programmable Completion370626 +Node: Programmable Completion Builtins378406 +Node: A Programmable Completion Example389101 +Node: Using History Interactively394348 +Node: Bash History Facilities395032 +Node: Bash History Builtins398037 +Node: History Interaction402568 +Node: Event Designators406188 +Node: Word Designators407407 +Node: Modifiers409044 +Node: Installing Bash410446 +Node: Basic Installation411583 +Node: Compilers and Options414841 +Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures415582 +Node: Installation Names417275 +Node: Specifying the System Type418093 +Node: Sharing Defaults418809 +Node: 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+(globstar)2.876 E F0 .376(shell option is enabled,)2.876 F(and)180 549.6 Q F2(*)3.275 E F0 .775(is used in a pathname e)3.275 F .775 (xpansion conte)-.15 F .775(xt, tw)-.15 F 3.275(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-3.275 E F2(*)3.275 E F0 3.275(su)C .775(sed as a single pattern)-3.275 F 1.058 (will match all \214les and zero or more directories and subdirectories\ -.)180 537.6 R 1.058(If follo)6.058 F 1.058(wed by a)-.25 F F2(/)3.558 E -F0(,)A(tw)180 549.6 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-2.5 E F2(*)2.5 E F0 2.5(sw)C -(ill match only directories and subdirectories.)-2.5 E F2(?)144 561.6 Q -F0(Matches an)180 561.6 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle character)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E -F2([...])144 573.6 Q F0 .578(Matches an)180 573.6 R 3.078(yo)-.15 G .578 +.)180 561.6 R 1.058(If follo)6.058 F 1.058(wed by a)-.25 F F2(/)3.558 E +F0(,)A(tw)180 573.6 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-2.5 E F2(*)2.5 E F0 2.5(sw)C +(ill match only directories and subdirectories.)-2.5 E F2(?)144 585.6 Q +F0(Matches an)180 585.6 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle character)-2.5 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(^)3.623 E F0 1.123(then an)3.623 F 3.623(yc)-.15 G 1.123 (haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.623 F .894 -(The sorting order of characters in range e)180 621.6 R .895 +(The sorting order of characters in range e)180 645.6 R .895 (xpressions is determined by the current locale)-.15 F .376(and the v) -180 633.6 R .376(alues of the)-.25 F F4(LC_COLLA)2.875 E(TE)-.855 E F0 +180 657.6 R .376(alues of the)-.25 F F4(LC_COLLA)2.875 E(TE)-.855 E F0 (or)2.625 E F4(LC_ALL)2.875 E F0 .375(shell v)2.625 F .375 (ariables, if set.)-.25 F 1.975 -.8(To o)5.375 H .375(btain the tra-).8 -F .067(ditional interpretation of range e)180 645.6 R .067 +F .067(ditional interpretation of range e)180 669.6 R .067 (xpressions, where)-.15 F F2([a\255d])2.567 E F0 .068(is equi)2.568 F -.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F2([abcd])2.568 E F0 2.568(,s)C .068 -(et v)-2.568 F(alue)-.25 E .157(of the)180 657.6 R F2(LC_ALL)2.657 E F0 +(et v)-2.568 F(alue)-.25 E .157(of the)180 681.6 R F2(LC_ALL)2.657 E F0 .157(shell v)2.657 F .157(ariable to)-.25 F F2(C)2.657 E F0 2.657(,o)C 2.657(re)-2.657 G .157(nable the)-2.657 F F2(globasciiranges)2.657 E F0 .156(shell option.)2.656 F(A)5.156 E F22.656 E F0(may)2.656 E .193(\ be matched by including it as the \214rst or last character in the set.) -180 669.6 R(A)5.193 E F2(])2.693 E F0 .194(may be matched by)2.693 F -(including it as the \214rst character in the set.)180 681.6 Q -.4(Wi) -180 699.6 S(thin).4 E F2([)3.071 E F0(and)3.071 E F2(])3.071 E F0(,)A F3 +180 693.6 R(A)5.193 E F2(])2.693 E F0 .194(may be matched by)2.693 F +(including it as the \214rst character in the set.)180 705.6 Q -.4(Wi) +180 723.6 S(thin).4 E F2([)3.071 E F0(and)3.071 E F2(])3.071 E F0(,)A F3 -.15(ch)3.071 G(ar).15 E .571(acter classes)-.15 F F0 .571 (can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.071 F F2([:)3.07 E F3(class)A F2 -(:])A F0 3.07(,w)C(here)-3.07 E F3(class)3.07 E F0(is one of the follo) -180 711.6 Q(wing classes de\214ned in the POSIX standard:)-.25 E F2 -8.173(alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)180 723.6 R 8.173 -(wer print punct space)-.1 F F0(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20) -148.175 E(26)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(:])A F0 3.07(,w)C(here)-3.07 E F3(class)3.07 E F0(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q +(2019 June 21)148.175 E(26)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 27 27 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF 5(upper w)180 84 R 5(ord xdigit)-.1 F F0 4.29(Ac)180 96 S 1.789 -(haracter class matches an)-4.29 F 4.289(yc)-.15 G 1.789 -(haracter belonging to that class.)-4.289 F(The)6.789 E F1 -.1(wo)4.289 -G(rd).1 E F0(character)4.289 E -(class matches letters, digits, and the character _.)180 108 Q -.4(Wi) -180 126 S(thin).4 E F1([)4.536 E F0(and)4.536 E F1(])4.536 E F0 4.536 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E +(is one of the follo)180 84 Q +(wing classes de\214ned in the POSIX standard:)-.25 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF 8.173(alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)180 96 R 8.173 +(wer print punct space)-.1 F 5(upper w)180 108 R 5(ord xdigit)-.1 F F0 +4.29(Ac)180 120 S 1.789(haracter class matches an)-4.29 F 4.289(yc)-.15 +G 1.789(haracter belonging to that class.)-4.289 F(The)6.789 E F1 -.1 +(wo)4.289 G(rd).1 E F0(character)4.289 E +(class matches letters, digits, and the character _.)180 132 Q -.4(Wi) +180 150 S(thin).4 E F1([)4.536 E F0(and)4.536 E F1(])4.536 E F0 4.536 (,a)C(n)-4.536 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 2.036(equivalence class)4.536 F F0 2.037(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)4.536 F F1([=)4.537 E F2(c) A F1(=])A F0 4.537(,w)C(hich)-4.537 E .125(matches all characters with \ the same collation weight \(as de\214ned by the current locale\) as)180 -138 R(the character)180 150 Q F2(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)180 168 S(thin).4 +162 R(the character)180 174 Q F2(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)180 192 S(thin).4 E F1([)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he syntax)-2.5 E F1([.) 2.5 E F2(symbol)A 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F2(pattern-list).833 E F1 -(\)).833 E F0(Matches zero or more occurrences of the gi)180 268.8 Q --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(+\()144 280.8 Q F2 +(Matches zero or one occurrence of the gi)180 268.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 +(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(*\()144 280.8 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1 +(\)).833 E F0(Matches zero or more occurrences of the gi)180 292.8 Q +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(+\()144 304.8 Q F2 (pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0 -(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 292.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(@\()144 304.8 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1 -(\)).833 E F0(Matches one of the gi)180 316.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np) -.15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(!\()144 328.8 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)) -.833 E F0(Matches an)180 340.8 Q(ything e)-.15 E(xcept one of the gi) +(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 316.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(@\()144 328.8 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1 +(\)).833 E F0(Matches one of the gi)180 340.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np) +.15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(!\()144 352.8 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)) +.833 E F0(Matches an)180 364.8 Q(ything e)-.15 E(xcept one of the gi) -.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E .968(Complicated e)108 -357.6 R .968(xtended pattern matching ag)-.15 F .968 +381.6 R .968(xtended pattern matching ag)-.15 F .968 (ainst long strings is slo)-.05 F 2.269 -.65(w, e)-.25 H .969 (specially when the patterns contain).65 F 1.23 -(alternations and the strings contain multiple matches.)108 369.6 R 1.23 +(alternations and the strings contain multiple matches.)108 393.6 R 1.23 (Using separate matches ag)6.23 F 1.23(ainst shorter strings, or)-.05 F (using arrays of strings instead of a single long string, may be f)108 -381.6 Q(aster)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1(Quote Remo)87 398.4 Q -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 -E F0 1.112(After the preceding e)108 410.4 R 1.112 +405.6 Q(aster)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1(Quote Remo)87 422.4 Q -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 +E F0 1.112(After the preceding e)108 434.4 R 1.112 (xpansions, all unquoted occurrences of the characters)-.15 F F1(\\) 3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.613 E F0 3.613(,a)C(nd)-3.613 E F1(")4.446 E F0 -1.113(that did not result)4.446 F(from one of the abo)108 422.4 Q .3 +1.113(that did not result)4.446 F(from one of the abo)108 446.4 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H(pansions are remo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E/F3 -10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 439.2 Q F0 .545 -(Before a command is e)108 451.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545 +10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 463.2 Q F0 .545 +(Before a command is e)108 475.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545 (cuted, its input and output may be).15 F F2 -.37(re)3.045 G(dir).37 E (ected)-.37 E F0 .545(using a special notation interpreted)3.815 F .405 -(by the shell.)108 463.2 R .405(Redirection allo)5.405 F .405(ws comman\ +(by the shell.)108 487.2 R .405(Redirection allo)5.405 F .405(ws comman\ ds' \214le handles to be duplicated, opened, closed, made to refer to) --.25 F(dif)108 475.2 Q 1.02(ferent \214les, and can change the \214les \ +-.25 F(dif)108 499.2 Q 1.02(ferent \214les, and can change the \214les \ the command reads from and writes to.)-.25 F 1.019 (Redirection may also be)6.019 F .215 -(used to modify \214le handles in the current shell e)108 487.2 R -.15 +(used to modify \214le handles in the current shell e)108 511.2 R -.15 (xe)-.15 G .215(cution en).15 F 2.715(vironment. The)-.4 F(follo)2.715 E .215(wing redirection operators)-.25 F .876(may precede or appear an)108 -499.2 R .876(ywhere within a)-.15 F F2 .875(simple command)3.715 F F0 +523.2 R .876(ywhere within a)-.15 F F2 .875(simple command)3.715 F F0 .875(or may follo)4.145 F 3.375(wa)-.25 G F2(command)A F0 5.875(.R).77 G -.875(edirections are)-5.875 F(processed in the order the)108 511.2 Q 2.5 +.875(edirections are)-5.875 F(processed in the order the)108 535.2 Q 2.5 (ya)-.15 G(ppear)-2.5 E 2.5(,f)-.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .771(Eac\ h redirection that may be preceded by a \214le descriptor number may in\ -stead be preceded by a w)108 528 R .772(ord of)-.1 F .293(the form {)108 -540 R F2(varname)A F0 2.793(}. In)B .293 +stead be preceded by a w)108 552 R .772(ord of)-.1 F .293(the form {)108 +564 R F2(varname)A F0 2.793(}. In)B .293 (this case, for each redirection operator e)2.793 F .293 -(xcept >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate)-.15 F 3.179<618c>108 552 S +(xcept >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate)-.15 F 3.179<618c>108 576 S .679(le descriptor greater than or equal to 10 and assign it to)-3.179 F F2(varname)3.179 E F0 5.679(.I)C 3.179(f>)-5.679 G .679 -(&- or <&- is preceded by {)-3.179 F F2(var)A(-)-.2 E(name)108 564 Q F0 +(&- or <&- is preceded by {)-3.179 F F2(var)A(-)-.2 E(name)108 588 Q F0 .6(}, the v)B .6(alue of)-.25 F F2(varname)3.1 E F0 .599 (de\214nes the \214le descriptor to close.)3.1 F .599(If {)5.599 F F2 (varname)A F0 3.099(}i)C 3.099(ss)-3.099 G .599 -(upplied, the redirection)-3.099 F 1.238(persists be)108 576 R 1.238 +(upplied, the redirection)-3.099 F 1.238(persists be)108 600 R 1.238 (yond the scope of the command, allo)-.15 F 1.238 (wing the shell programmer to manage the \214le descriptor)-.25 F -(himself.)108 588 Q .284(In the follo)108 604.8 R .283(wing description\ +(himself.)108 612 Q .284(In the follo)108 628.8 R .283(wing description\ s, if the \214le descriptor number is omitted, and the \214rst characte\ -r of the redirect-)-.25 F .512(ion operator is)108 616.8 R F1(<)3.012 E +r of the redirect-)-.25 F .512(ion operator is)108 640.8 R F1(<)3.012 E F0 3.012(,t)C .512 (he redirection refers to the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\).) -3.012 F .512(If the \214rst character of the)5.512 F -(redirection operator is)108 628.8 Q F1(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C +(redirection operator is)108 652.8 Q F1(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C (he redirection refers to the standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\).) --2.5 E .825(The w)108 645.6 R .825(ord follo)-.1 F .824 +-2.5 E .825(The w)108 669.6 R .825(ord follo)-.1 F .824 (wing the redirection operator in the follo)-.25 F .824 (wing descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is sub-)-.25 F .462 -(jected to brace e)108 657.6 R .462(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .463 +(jected to brace e)108 681.6 R .462(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .463 (xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .463(ariable e)-.25 F .463 -(xpansion, command substitution, arith-)-.15 F .867(metic e)108 669.6 R +(xpansion, command substitution, arith-)-.15 F .867(metic e)108 693.6 R .867(xpansion, quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .867(l, pathname e).25 F .867(xpansion, and w)-.15 F .867(ord splitting.)-.1 F .867(If it e)5.867 -F .866(xpands to more than one)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 681.6 S(rd,).1 E F1 +F .866(xpands to more than one)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 705.6 S(rd,).1 E F1 (bash)2.5 E F0(reports an error)2.5 E(.)-.55 E -(Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 698.4 Q -.15 -(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(ls)144 715.2 Q F1(>)2.5 -E F0(dirlist 2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20) -148.175 E(27)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 722.4 Q -.15 +(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q +(2019 June 21)148.175 E(27)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 28 28 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -(directs both standard output and standard error to the \214le)108 84 Q -/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dirlist)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w).68 G(hile the command) --2.5 E(ls 2)144 100.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(>&)A F0(1)A F2(>)2.5 E F0 -(dirlist)2.5 E .527(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 117.6 -R F1(dirlist)3.027 E F0 3.027(,b).68 G .527(ecause the standard error w) +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(ls)144 84 Q/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(>)2.5 E F0(dirlist 2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A +(directs both standard output and standard error to the \214le)108 100.8 +Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dirlist)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w).68 G +(hile the command)-2.5 E(ls 2)144 117.6 Q F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1(>)2.5 E F0 +(dirlist)2.5 E .527(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 134.4 +R F2(dirlist)3.027 E F0 3.027(,b).68 G .527(ecause the standard error w) -3.027 F .527(as duplicated from the standard)-.1 F -(output before the standard output w)108 129.6 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E -F1(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F2(Bash)108 146.4 Q F0 .599(handles se)3.099 +(output before the standard output w)108 146.4 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E +F2(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F1(Bash)108 163.2 Q F0 .599(handles se)3.099 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .599(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya) -.15 G .598(re used in redirections, as described in the follo)-3.099 F -(wing)-.25 E 3.477(table. 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+(vior described belo)-.2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F1(/de)144 204 Q(v/fd/)-.15 E +F2(fd)A F0(If)180 216 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E +(ger)-.15 E 2.5<2c8c>-.4 G(le descriptor)-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 +(is duplicated.)2.5 E F1(/de)144 228 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0 +(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.)180 240 Q F1(/de)144 252 Q(v/stdout) +-.15 E F0(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 264 Q F1(/de)144 276 Q +(v/stderr)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 288 Q F1(/de) +144 300 Q(v/tcp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 312 Q F2 +(host)2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497 +(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496 (is an inte)2.996 F .496(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(vice name,)180 307.2 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0 -(attempts to open the corresponding TCP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E F2(/de)144 -319.2 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F1(host)A F2(/)A F1(port)A F0(If)180 331.2 Q F1 -(host)2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496 -(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F1(port)2.997 E F0 .497 +(vice name,)180 324 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 +(attempts to open the corresponding TCP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E F1(/de)144 +336 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 348 Q F2(host) +2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496 +(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.997 E F0 .497 (is an inte)2.997 F .497(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(vice name,)180 343.2 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0 +(vice name,)180 360 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 (attempts to open the corresponding UDP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E 2.5(Af)108 -360 S(ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f)-2.6 -E(ail.)-.1 E .947(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater than 9 \ -should be used with care, as the)108 376.8 R 3.446(ym)-.15 G .946 +376.8 S(ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f) +-2.6 E(ail.)-.1 E .947(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater th\ +an 9 should be used with care, as the)108 393.6 R 3.446(ym)-.15 G .946 (ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.446 F -(descriptors the shell uses internally)108 388.8 Q(.)-.65 E F2(Redir)87 -405.6 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391 +(descriptors the shell uses internally)108 405.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1(Redir)87 +422.4 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391 (Redirection of input causes the \214le whose name results from the e) -108 417.6 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391 -(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 429.6 Q F1 +108 434.4 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391 +(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 446.4 Q F2 (n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(rt)-2.5 G -(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-2.5 E F1(n)2.86 E F0 +(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E F0 (is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E -(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 446.4 Q([)144 463.2 Q -F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F2(Redir)87 480 Q(ecting Output) +(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 463.2 Q([)144 480 Q F2 +(n)A F0(])A F1(<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 496.8 Q(ecting Output) -.18 E F0 .175 (Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e) -108 492 R .174(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.014 E(d)-.37 E F0 .174 -(to be opened for writ-)3.444 F .824(ing on \214le descriptor)108 504 R -F1(n)3.324 E F0 3.324(,o).24 G 3.324(rt)-3.324 G .824 -(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.324 F F1(n)3.684 E F0 +108 508.8 R .174(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.014 E(d)-.37 E F0 .174 +(to be opened for writ-)3.444 F .824(ing on \214le descriptor)108 520.8 +R F2(n)3.324 E F0 3.324(,o).24 G 3.324(rt)-3.324 G .824 +(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.324 F F2(n)3.684 E F0 .824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .825(If the \214le does not)5.825 F --.15(ex)108 516 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E +-.15(ex)108 532.8 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E (xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E -(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 532.8 Q([)144 549.6 Q -F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .155 -(If the redirection operator is)108 566.4 R F2(>)2.655 E F0 2.655(,a)C -.155(nd the)-2.655 F F2(noclob)2.655 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the) -2.654 F F2(set)2.654 E F0 -.2(bu)2.654 G .154 -(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .657(will f)108 578.4 R +(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 549.6 Q([)144 566.4 Q +F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .155 +(If the redirection operator is)108 583.2 R F1(>)2.655 E F0 2.655(,a)C +.155(nd the)-2.655 F F1(noclob)2.655 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the) +2.654 F F1(set)2.654 E F0 -.2(bu)2.654 G .154 +(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .657(will f)108 595.2 R .657(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658 -(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .658 +(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .658 (ists and is a re).15 F .658(gular \214le.)-.15 F .658(If the redi-) -5.658 F .409(rection operator is)108 590.4 R F2(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C -2.909(rt)-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909 F F2(>)2.909 E -F0 .409(and the)2.909 F F2(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .409 -(option to the)2.909 F F2(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.908 G .408 +5.658 F .409(rection operator is)108 607.2 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C +2.909(rt)-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909 F F1(>)2.909 E +F0 .409(and the)2.909 F F1(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .409 +(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.908 G .408 (iltin command).2 F(is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108 -602.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by) --2.5 E F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F2 -.25(Ap)87 -619.2 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .641 -(Redirection of output in this f)108 631.2 R .642 +619.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by) +-2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1 -.25(Ap)87 +636 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .641 +(Redirection of output in this f)108 648 R .642 (ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .642 -(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.482 E(d)-.37 E F0 .642(to be)3.912 F .474 -(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 643.2 R F1(n)2.974 E F0 +(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.482 E(d)-.37 E F0 .642(to be)3.912 F .474 +(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 660 R F2(n)2.974 E F0 2.974(,o).24 G 2.974(rt)-2.974 G .474 -(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F1(n)3.333 E F0 +(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F2(n)3.333 E F0 .473(is not speci\214ed.)3.213 F(If)5.473 E(the \214le does not e)108 -655.2 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E -(The general format for appending output is:)108 672 Q([)144 688.8 Q F1 -(n)A F0(])A F2(>>)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F2(Redir)87 705.6 Q -(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248 -(This construct allo)108 717.6 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\ -\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-) --.25 F(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108 -729.6 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(28)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +672 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E +(The general format for appending output is:)108 688.8 Q([)144 705.6 Q +F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q +(2019 June 21)148.175 E(28)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 29 29 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(There are tw)108 -84 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G -(ormats for redirecting standard output and standard error:)-2.5 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(&>)144 100.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)A(d)-.37 E -F0(and)108 112.8 Q F1(>&)144 124.8 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 -141.6 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G(orms, the \214rst is preferred.)-2.5 E -(This is semantically equi)5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 -158.4 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A .115 -(When using the second form,)108 175.2 R F2(wor)2.614 E(d)-.37 E F0 .114 -(may not e)2.614 F .114(xpand to a number or)-.15 F F12.614 E F0 -5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.614(td)-2.614 G .114 -(oes, other redirection operators)-2.614 F(apply \(see)108 187.2 Q F1 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(Redir)87 84 Q(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 +E F0 .248(This construct allo)108 96 R .249(ws both the standard output\ + \(\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip\ +-)-.25 F(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108 +108 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 +(.).77 E(There are tw)108 124.8 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G +(ormats for redirecting standard output and standard error:)-2.5 E F1 +(&>)144 141.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 153.6 Q F1(>&)144 165.6 Q +F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 182.4 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G +(orms, the \214rst is preferred.)-2.5 E(This is semantically equi)5 E +-.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 199.2 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 +E F1(>&)A F0(1)A .115(When using the second form,)108 216 R F2(wor)2.614 +E(d)-.37 E F0 .114(may not e)2.614 F .114(xpand to a number or)-.15 F F1 +2.614 E F0 5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.614(td)-2.614 G .114 +(oes, other redirection operators)-2.614 F(apply \(see)108 228 Q F1 (Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E -(w\) for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E F1 -.25(Ap)87 204 S +(w\) for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E F1 -.25(Ap)87 244.8 S (pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248 -(This construct allo)108 216 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\214l\ -e descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)-.25 F -(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108 228 Q -(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E +(This construct allo)108 256.8 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\ +\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-) +-.25 F(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108 +268.8 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E (The format for appending standard output and standard error is:)108 -244.8 Q F1(&>>)144 261.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 -(This is semantically equi)108 278.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -(>>)144 295.2 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A(\(see)108 -312 Q F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1 -(Her)87 328.8 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of redir\ -ection instructs the shell to read input from the current source until \ -a line containing only)108 340.8 R F2(delimiter)108.35 352.8 Q F0 .614 +285.6 Q F1(&>>)144 302.4 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 +(This is semantically equi)108 319.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 +(>>)144 336 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A(\(see)108 +352.8 Q F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E +F1(Her)87 369.6 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of red\ +irection instructs the shell to read input from the current source unti\ +l a line containing only)108 381.6 R F2(delimiter)108.35 393.6 Q F0 .614 (\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.844 F .615 (All of the lines read up to that point are then used as the stan-)5.615 -F(dard input \(or \214le descriptor)108 364.8 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E +F(dard input \(or \214le descriptor)108 405.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\) for a command.)2.5 E -(The format of here-documents is:)108 381.6 Q([)144 398.4 Q F2(n)A F0(]) -A F1(<<)A F0([)A F1A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 410.4 Q -(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 422.4 Q F0 .302(No parameter and v)108 -439.2 R .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302 +(The format of here-documents is:)108 422.4 Q([)144 439.2 Q F2(n)A F0(]) +A F1(<<)A F0([)A F1A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 451.2 Q +(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 463.2 Q F0 .302(No parameter and v)108 +480 R .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302 (xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .301 (xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.15 E .415(is performed on)108 -451.2 R F2(wor)2.915 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.415(.I).77 G 2.915(fa)-5.415 G .715 +492 R F2(wor)2.915 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.415(.I).77 G 2.915(fa)-5.415 G .715 -.15(ny p)-2.915 H .415(art of).15 F F2(wor)3.255 E(d)-.37 E F0 .415 (is quoted, the)3.685 F F2(delimiter)3.265 E F0 .415 (is the result of quote remo)3.645 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.915(lo).25 G(n) -2.915 E F2(wor)2.915 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E .774 -(and the lines in the here-document are not e)108 463.2 R 3.274 +(and the lines in the here-document are not e)108 504 R 3.274 (xpanded. If)-.15 F F2(wor)3.273 E(d)-.37 E F0 .773 (is unquoted, all lines of the here-document)3.273 F 2.59 -(are subjected to parameter e)108 475.2 R 2.59 +(are subjected to parameter e)108 516 R 2.59 (xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 2.59 -(xpansion, the character)-.15 F(sequence)108 487.2 Q F1(\\)2.5 -E F0(is ignored, and)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0 +(xpansion, the character)-.15 F(sequence)108 528 Q F1(\\)2.5 E +F0(is ignored, and)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0 (must be used to quote the characters)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .602 -(If the redirection operator is)108 504 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101(,t) -C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines and\ - the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 516 Q F2(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5(.T).73 G -(his allo)-5 E +(If the redirection operator is)108 544.8 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101 +(,t)C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines\ + and the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 556.8 Q F2(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5 +(.T).73 G(his allo)-5 E (ws here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a natural f) --.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F1(Her)87 532.8 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0 -2.5(Av)108 544.8 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E([) -144 561.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<<<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 578.4 Q +-.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F1(Her)87 573.6 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0 +2.5(Av)108 585.6 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E([) +144 602.4 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<<<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 619.2 Q F2(wor)3.291 E(d)-.37 E F0(under)3.291 E .792(goes tilde e)-.18 F .792 (xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .792(ariable e)-.25 F .792 -(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 590.4 S +(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 631.2 S 1.188(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.687(l. P).25 F 1.187(athname e)-.15 F 1.187(xpansion and w)-.15 F 1.187 (ord splitting are not performed.)-.1 F 1.187(The result is)6.187 F .374 -(supplied as a single string, with a ne)108 602.4 R .375(wline appended\ +(supplied as a single string, with a ne)108 643.2 R .375(wline appended\ , to the command on its standard input \(or \214le descrip-)-.25 F(tor) -108 614.4 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\).)2.5 E -F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 631.2 Q F0(The redirection operator) -108 643.2 Q([)144 660 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .127 -(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 676.8 R(If)5.127 E +108 655.2 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\).)2.5 E +F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 672 Q F0(The redirection operator)108 +684 Q([)144 700.8 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .127 +(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 717.6 R(If)5.127 E F2(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .126 (pands to one or more digits, the \214le descriptor denoted).15 F(by)108 -688.8 Q F2(n)3.317 E F0 .457(is made to be a cop)3.197 F 2.957(yo)-.1 G +729.6 Q F2(n)3.317 E F0 .457(is made to be a cop)3.197 F 2.957(yo)-.1 G 2.957(ft)-2.957 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.957 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G 2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.298 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.458(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.728 F .15 -(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 700.8 R(If)5.15 E F2(wor) -2.99 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.42 G .15(luates to).25 F F12.65 E F0 -2.649<2c8c>C .149(le descriptor)-2.649 F F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149 -(is closed.)2.889 F(If)5.149 E F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is not speci\214ed,) -2.889 F(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 712.8 Q -(The operator)108 729.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E -(29)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +.458(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.728 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 +Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(29)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 30 30 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E([)144 84 Q/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(>&)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 -E F0 .443(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 -100.8 R(If)5.443 E F1(n)3.304 E F0 .444 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .15 +(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 84 R(If)5.15 E/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)2.99 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.42 G .15(luates to) +.25 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF2.65 E F0 2.649<2c8c>C .149 +(le descriptor)-2.649 F F1(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is closed.)2.889 F(If)5.149 +E F1(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is not speci\214ed,)2.889 F +(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 96 Q +(The operator)108 112.8 Q([)144 129.6 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>&)A F1(wor)A +(d)-.37 E F0 .443 +(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 146.4 R +(If)5.443 E F1(n)3.304 E F0 .444 (is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.184 F 1.358 -(tor 1\) is used.)108 112.8 R 1.358(If the digits in)6.358 F F1(wor) +(tor 1\) is used.)108 158.4 R 1.358(If the digits in)6.358 F F1(wor) 4.198 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.357(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\ -utput, a redirection error)4.628 F 2.753(occurs. If)108 124.8 R F1(wor) +utput, a redirection error)4.628 F 2.753(occurs. If)108 170.4 R F1(wor) 3.093 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.523 G .253(luates to).25 F F22.754 E F0 2.754<2c8c>C .254(le descriptor)-2.754 F F1(n)3.114 E F0 .254 (is closed.)2.994 F .254(As a special case, if)5.254 F F1(n)2.754 E F0 .254(is omitted, and)2.754 F F1(wor)2.754 E(d)-.37 E F0(does)2.754 E -.966(not e)108 136.8 R .966(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F2 +.966(not e)108 182.4 R .966(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F2 3.466 E F0 3.466(,t)C .965 (he standard output and standard error are redirected as described) --3.466 F(pre)108 148.8 Q(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F2(Mo)87 165.6 Q -(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0(The redirection operator)108 177.6 Q([) -144 194.4 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<&)A F1(digit)A F2A F0(mo)108 211.2 Q +-3.466 F(pre)108 194.4 Q(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F2(Mo)87 211.2 Q +(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0(The redirection operator)108 223.2 Q([) +144 240 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<&)A F1(digit)A F2A F0(mo)108 256.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(st).15 G .535(he \214le descriptor)-3.035 F F1 (digit)3.035 E F0 .535(to \214le descriptor)3.035 F F1(n)3.035 E F0 3.035(,o).24 G 3.035(rt)-3.035 G .536 (he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.035 F F1(n)3.036 E F0 -.536(is not speci-)3.036 F(\214ed.)108 223.2 Q F1(digit)5 E F0 +.536(is not speci-)3.036 F(\214ed.)108 268.8 Q F1(digit)5 E F0 (is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F1(n)2.5 E F0(.)A(Similarly) -108 240 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)144 256.8 Q F1 -(n)A F0(])A F2(>&)A F1(digit)A F2A F0(mo)108 273.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G -2.786(st).15 G .286(he \214le descriptor)-2.786 F F1(digit)2.786 E F0 +108 285.6 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)144 302.4 Q +F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>&)A F1(digit)A F2A F0(mo)108 319.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 +G 2.786(st).15 G .286(he \214le descriptor)-2.786 F F1(digit)2.786 E F0 .286(to \214le descriptor)2.786 F F1(n)2.786 E F0 2.786(,o).24 G 2.786 (rt)-2.786 G .285(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.786 F -F1(n)2.785 E F0 .285(is not speci-)2.785 F(\214ed.)108 285.6 Q F2 -(Opening File Descriptors f)87 302.4 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0 -(The redirection operator)108 314.4 Q([)144 331.2 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<>) -A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108 -348 R 1.349(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)4.189 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.349 +F1(n)2.785 E F0 .285(is not speci-)2.785 F(\214ed.)108 331.2 Q F2 +(Opening File Descriptors f)87 348 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0 +(The redirection operator)108 360 Q([)144 376.8 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<>)A +F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108 +393.6 R 1.349(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)4.189 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.349 (to be opened for both reading and writing on \214le)4.619 F(descriptor) -108 360 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G +108 405.6 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G (le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F1(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E (If the \214le does not e)5 E(xist, it is created.)-.15 E/F3 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 376.8 Q F1(Aliases)108 388.8 Q F0(allo)3.174 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 422.4 Q F1(Aliases)108 434.4 Q F0(allo)3.174 E 3.174(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.174 F .674 (ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .673 (ord of a simple command.)-.1 F .394(The shell maintains a list of alia\ -ses that may be set and unset with the)108 400.8 R F2(alias)2.894 E F0 +ses that may be set and unset with the)108 446.4 R F2(alias)2.894 E F0 (and)2.894 E F2(unalias)2.894 E F0 -.2(bu)2.894 G .394(iltin commands).2 -F(\(see)108 412.8 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.98(SHELL B)4.48 F(UIL)-.09 E +F(\(see)108 458.4 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.98(SHELL B)4.48 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.98(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.23 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98 (\214rst w)4.48 F 1.979(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 -F(check)108 424.8 Q .472(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .472 +F(check)108 470.4 Q .472(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .472 (If so, that w)5.472 F .473(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .473 (xt of the alias.)-.15 F .473(The characters)5.473 F F2(/)2.973 E F0(,)A -F2($)2.973 E F0(,)A F2<92>2.973 E F0(,)A(and)108 436.8 Q F2(=)3.612 E F0 +F2($)2.973 E F0(,)A F2<92>2.973 E F0(,)A(and)108 482.4 Q F2(=)3.612 E F0 1.112(and an)3.612 F 3.612(yo)-.15 G 3.612(ft)-3.612 G 1.112(he shell) -3.612 F F1(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112 (or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.411 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.111 -(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.619(name. The)108 448.8 R 1.119 +(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.619(name. The)108 494.4 R 1.119 (replacement te)3.619 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G 1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.12 -(The \214rst)6.12 F -.1(wo)108 460.8 S .514(rd of the replacement te).1 +(The \214rst)6.12 F -.1(wo)108 506.4 S .514(rd of the replacement te).1 F .514(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .514(ut a w)-.2 F .513 (ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .513(xpanded is)-.15 F -.295(not e)108 472.8 R .295(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296 +.295(not e)108 518.4 R .295(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296 (This means that one may alias)5.295 F F2(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F2 .296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .296(or instance, and)-2.796 F F2 -(bash)2.796 E F0 .296(does not try)2.796 F .543(to recursi)108 484.8 R +(bash)2.796 E F0 .296(does not try)2.796 F .543(to recursi)108 530.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .543(ly e).15 F .543(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F 3.043(xt. If)-.15 F .543(the last character of the alias v)3.043 F .542 (alue is a)-.25 F F1(blank)3.042 E F0 3.042(,t).67 G .542(hen the ne) --3.042 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 496.8 Q(ord follo)-.1 E +-3.042 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 542.4 Q(ord follo)-.1 E (wing the alias is also check)-.25 E(ed for alias e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15 -E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 513.6 Q F2(alias)2.5 E F0 +E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 559.2 Q F2(alias)2.5 E F0 (command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F2 (unalias)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E .284 -(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 530.4 R .284 +(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 576 R .284 (guments in the replacement te)-.18 F 2.784(xt. If)-.15 F(ar)2.784 E .284(guments are needed, a shell func-)-.18 F(tion should be used \(see) -108 542.4 Q F4(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E 1.22 -(Aliases are not e)108 559.2 R 1.22 +108 588 Q F4(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E 1.22 +(Aliases are not e)108 604.8 R 1.22 (xpanded when the shell is not interacti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.72(,u) .15 G 1.22(nless the)-3.72 F F2(expand_aliases)3.72 E F0 1.22 -(shell option is set)3.72 F(using)108 571.2 Q F2(shopt)2.5 E F0 +(shell option is set)3.72 F(using)108 616.8 Q F2(shopt)2.5 E F0 (\(see the description of)2.5 E F2(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F4 (SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E .435 (The rules concerning the de\214nition and use of aliases are some)108 -588 R .436(what confusing.)-.25 F F2(Bash)5.436 E F0(al)2.936 E -.1(wa) --.1 G .436(ys reads at least).1 F .67 -(one complete line of input, and all lines that mak)108 600 R 3.17(eu) +633.6 R .436(what confusing.)-.25 F F2(Bash)5.436 E F0(al)2.936 E -.1 +(wa)-.1 G .436(ys reads at least).1 F .67 +(one complete line of input, and all lines that mak)108 645.6 R 3.17(eu) -.1 G 3.17(pac)-3.17 G .67(ompound command, before e)-3.17 F -.15(xe) -.15 G .67(cuting an).15 F 3.17(yo)-.15 G 3.17(ft)-3.17 G(he)-3.17 E -1.058(commands on that line or the compound command.)108 612 R 1.059 +1.058(commands on that line or the compound command.)108 657.6 R 1.059 (Aliases are e)6.059 F 1.059(xpanded when a command is read, not)-.15 F -.075(when it is e)108 624 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.575(cuted. Therefore,).15 F -.075(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as another comman\ -d does not)2.575 F(tak)108 636 Q 2.837(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.837 G .337 -(ect until the ne).25 F .337(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F .337 +.075(when it is e)108 669.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.575(cuted. Therefore,).15 +F .075(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as another comm\ +and does not)2.575 F(tak)108 681.6 Q 2.837(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.837 G +.337(ect until the ne).25 F .337(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F .337 (The commands follo)5.337 F .338 (wing the alias de\214nition on that line are)-.25 F 1.473(not af)108 -648 R 1.473(fected by the ne)-.25 F 3.973(wa)-.25 G 3.973(lias. This) +693.6 R 1.473(fected by the ne)-.25 F 3.973(wa)-.25 G 3.973(lias. This) -3.973 F(beha)3.973 E 1.473(vior is also an issue when functions are e) -.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.973(cuted. Aliases).15 F(are)3.972 E -.15(ex)108 -660 S .609(panded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the fu\ -nction is e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .61 +705.6 S .609(panded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the \ +function is e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .61 (cuted, because a function de\214ni-).15 F .712 -(tion is itself a command.)108 672 R .711 +(tion is itself a command.)108 717.6 R .711 (As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a function are not a)5.711 F -.25(va)-.2 G .711(ilable until after that).25 F 1.185(function is e)108 -684 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.685(cuted. T).15 F 3.685(ob)-.8 G 3.685(es)-3.685 -G 1.185(afe, al)-3.685 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.185 +729.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.685(cuted. T).15 F 3.685(ob)-.8 G 3.685(es) +-3.685 G 1.185(afe, al)-3.685 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.185 (ys put alias de\214nitions on a separate line, and do not use).1 F F2 -(alias)3.686 E F0(in)3.686 E(compound commands.)108 696 Q -.15(Fo)108 -712.8 S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.).15 E -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(30)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(alias)3.686 E F0(in)3.686 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 +E(30)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 31 31 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)72 84 Q F0 3.468(As)108 96 S .968 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E +(compound commands.)108 84 Q -.15(Fo)108 100.8 S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e) +-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.).15 E/F1 10.95 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)72 117.6 Q F0 3.468(As)108 129.6 S .968 (hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.468 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .967(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.467 F/F3 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .967(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F -1.001(later e)108 108 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.501(cution. When).15 F 1.002(t\ -he name of a shell function is used as a simple command name, the list \ -of com-)3.501 F .316(mands associated with that function name is e)108 -120 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F +1.001(later e)108 141.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.501(cution. When).15 F 1.002 +(the name of a shell function is used as a simple command name, the lis\ +t of com-)3.501 F .316(mands associated with that function name is e)108 +153.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .315(cuted in the conte).15 F .315(xt of the current)-.15 -F .035(shell; no ne)108 132 R 2.535(wp)-.25 G .036 +F .035(shell; no ne)108 165.6 R 2.535(wp)-.25 G .036 (rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.535 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script\).).15 F .036(When a)5.036 -F .64(function is e)108 144 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .64(cuted, the ar).15 F +F .64(function is e)108 177.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .64(cuted, the ar).15 F .639 (guments to the function become the positional parameters during its e) --.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .532(The special parameter)108 156 R -/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(#)3.032 E F0 .532 +-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .532(The special parameter)108 189.6 +R/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(#)3.032 E F0 .532 (is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.032 F .532(Special parameter) 5.532 F F4(0)3.033 E F0 .533(is unchanged.)3.033 F .533 -(The \214rst ele-)5.533 F(ment of the)108 168 Q F2(FUNCN)2.5 E(AME)-.18 -E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G +(The \214rst ele-)5.533 F(ment of the)108 201.6 Q F2(FUNCN)2.5 E(AME) +-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G (riable is set to the name of the function while the function is e).25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting.).15 E 1.25(All other aspects of the shell e)108 -184.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.25(cution en).15 F 1.25 +218.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.25(cution en).15 F 1.25 (vironment are identical between a function and its caller with)-.4 F -1.214(these e)108 196.8 R 1.214(xceptions: the)-.15 F F2(DEB)3.714 E(UG) +1.214(these e)108 230.4 R 1.214(xceptions: the)-.15 F F2(DEB)3.714 E(UG) -.09 E F0(and)3.464 E F4(RETURN)3.715 E F0 1.215 (traps \(see the description of the)3.715 F F4(trap)3.715 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.715 G 1.215(iltin under).2 F F2(SHELL)3.715 E -.09(BU)108 208.8 S(IL) +3.715 G 1.215(iltin under).2 F F2(SHELL)3.715 E -.09(BU)108 242.4 S(IL) .09 E .479(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.729 E .479 (w\) are not inherited unless the function has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve) -.25 G 2.978(nt).15 G(he)-2.978 E F4(trace)2.978 E F0(attrib)2.978 E -.478(ute \(see)-.2 F .42(the description of the)108 220.8 R F2(declar) +.478(ute \(see)-.2 F .42(the description of the)108 254.4 R F2(declar) 2.92 E(e)-.162 E F0 -.2(bu)2.67 G .42(iltin belo).2 F .42(w\) or the) -.25 F F4 .42(\255o functrace)2.92 F F0 .42 (shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F4(set)2.921 E F0 -.2(bu) -108 232.8 S .072(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F4 +108 266.4 S .072(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F4 (DEB)2.572 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.572 E F4(RETURN)2.572 E F0 .072 (traps\), and the)2.572 F F2(ERR)2.571 E F0 .071(trap is not inher)2.321 -F(-)-.2 E(ited unless the)108 244.8 Q F4(\255o errtrace)2.5 E F0 -(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E -1.11(Va)108 261.6 S .655 +F(-)-.2 E(ited unless the)108 278.4 Q F4(\255o errtrace)2.5 E F0 +(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E -1.11(Va)108 295.2 S .655 (riables local to the function may be declared with the)1.11 F F4(local) 3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.156 G .656(iltin command.).2 F(Ordinarily)5.656 E -3.156(,v)-.65 G .656(ariables and)-3.406 F .051(their v)108 273.6 R .051 +3.156(,v)-.65 G .656(ariables and)-3.406 F .051(their v)108 307.2 R .051 (alues are shared between the function and its caller)-.25 F 5.051(.I) -.55 G 2.55(fav)-5.051 G .05(ariable is declared)-2.8 F F4(local)2.55 E F0 2.55(,t)C .05(he v)-2.55 F(ariable')-.25 E 2.55(sv)-.55 G(isi-)-2.55 E 1.186(ble scope is restricted to that function and its children \(inc\ -luding the functions it calls\).)108 285.6 R 1.186(Local v)6.186 F -(ariables)-.25 E("shado)108 297.6 Q .155(w" v)-.25 F .155 +luding the functions it calls\).)108 319.2 R 1.186(Local v)6.186 F +(ariables)-.25 E("shado)108 331.2 Q .155(w" v)-.25 F .155 (ariables with the same name declared at pre)-.25 F .155(vious scopes.) -.25 F -.15(Fo)5.155 G 2.654(ri).15 G .154(nstance, a local v)-2.654 F .154(ariable declared)-.25 F .669(in a function hides a global v)108 -309.6 R .67(ariable of the same name: references and assignments refer \ -to the local v)-.25 F(ari-)-.25 E .688(able, lea)108 321.6 R .688 +343.2 R .67(ariable of the same name: references and assignments refer \ +to the local v)-.25 F(ari-)-.25 E .688(able, lea)108 355.2 R .688 (ving the global v)-.2 F .688(ariable unmodi\214ed.)-.25 F .688 (When the function returns, the global v)5.688 F .688 -(ariable is once ag)-.25 F(ain)-.05 E(visible.)108 333.6 Q .726 -(The shell uses)108 350.4 R/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .726 -(dynamic scoping)3.226 F F0 .726(to control a v)3.226 F(ariable')-.25 E -3.227(sv)-.55 G .727(isibility within functions.)-3.227 F -.4(Wi)5.727 G -.727(th dynamic scoping,).4 F .008(visible v)108 362.4 R .008 +(ariable is once ag)-.25 F(ain)-.05 E(visible.)108 367.2 Q .726 +(The shell uses)108 384 R/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .726(dynamic scoping) +3.226 F F0 .726(to control a v)3.226 F(ariable')-.25 E 3.227(sv)-.55 G +.727(isibility within functions.)-3.227 F -.4(Wi)5.727 G .727 +(th dynamic scoping,).4 F .008(visible v)108 396 R .008 (ariables and their v)-.25 F .007 (alues are a result of the sequence of function calls that caused e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .007(cution to reach).15 F .813(the current function.) -108 374.4 R .813(The v)5.813 F .813(alue of a v)-.25 F .813 +108 408 R .813(The v)5.813 F .813(alue of a v)-.25 F .813 (ariable that a function sees depends on its v)-.25 F .814 -(alue within its caller)-.25 F 3.314(,i)-.4 G(f)-3.314 E(an)108 386.4 Q +(alue within its caller)-.25 F 3.314(,i)-.4 G(f)-3.314 E(an)108 420 Q 2.117 -.65(y, w)-.15 H .817 (hether that caller is the "global" scope or another shell function.).65 F .816(This is also the v)5.816 F .816(alue that a local)-.25 F -.25(va) -108 398.4 S(riable declaration "shado).25 E(ws", and the v)-.25 E +108 432 S(riable declaration "shado).25 E(ws", and the v)-.25 E (alue that is restored when the function returns.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)108 -415.2 S 2.723(re).15 G .223(xample, if a v)-2.873 F(ariable)-.25 E F5 +448.8 S 2.723(re).15 G .223(xample, if a v)-2.873 F(ariable)-.25 E F5 (var)2.723 E F0 .223(is declared as local in function)2.723 F F5(func1) 2.723 E F0 2.724(,a)C(nd)-2.724 E F5(func1)2.724 E F0 .224 (calls another function)2.724 F F5(func2)2.724 E F0(,)A .464 -(references to)108 427.2 R F5(var)2.964 E F0 .464(made from within)2.964 +(references to)108 460.8 R F5(var)2.964 E F0 .464(made from within)2.964 F F5(func2)2.964 E F0 .464(will resolv)2.964 F 2.964(et)-.15 G 2.963(ot) -2.964 G .463(he local v)-2.963 F(ariable)-.25 E F5(var)2.963 E F0(from) 2.963 E F5(func1)2.963 E F0 2.963(,s)C(hado)-2.963 E .463(wing an)-.25 F -(y)-.15 E(global v)108 439.2 Q(ariable named)-.25 E F5(var)2.5 E F0(.)A -(The)108 456 Q F4(unset)2.982 E F0 -.2(bu)2.982 G .482 +(y)-.15 E(global v)108 472.8 Q(ariable named)-.25 E F5(var)2.5 E F0(.)A +(The)108 489.6 Q F4(unset)2.982 E F0 -.2(bu)2.982 G .482 (iltin also acts using the same dynamic scope: if a v).2 F .483 (ariable is local to the current scope,)-.25 F F4(unset)2.983 E F0 .19 -(will unset it; otherwise the unset will refer to the v)108 468 R .19 +(will unset it; otherwise the unset will refer to the v)108 501.6 R .19 (ariable found in an)-.25 F 2.69(yc)-.15 G .19 (alling scope as described abo)-2.69 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.19(.I).15 G(f) --5.19 E 2.72(av)108 480 S .221(ariable at the current local scope is un\ -set, it will remain so until it is reset in that scope or until the fun\ -c-)-2.97 F .014(tion returns.)108 492 R .014 +-5.19 E 2.72(av)108 513.6 S .221(ariable at the current local scope is \ +unset, it will remain so until it is reset in that scope or until the f\ +unc-)-2.97 F .014(tion returns.)108 525.6 R .014 (Once the function returns, an)5.014 F 2.514(yi)-.15 G .014 (nstance of the v)-2.514 F .013(ariable at a pre)-.25 F .013 (vious scope will become visible.)-.25 F .566(If the unset acts on a v) -108 504 R .566(ariable at a pre)-.25 F .566(vious scope, an)-.25 F 3.066 -(yi)-.15 G .566(nstance of a v)-3.066 F .567 -(ariable with that name that had been)-.25 F(shado)108 516 Q -(wed will become visible.)-.25 E(The)108 532.8 Q F4(FUNCNEST)3.529 E F0 +108 537.6 R .566(ariable at a pre)-.25 F .566(vious scope, an)-.25 F +3.066(yi)-.15 G .566(nstance of a v)-3.066 F .567 +(ariable with that name that had been)-.25 F(shado)108 549.6 Q +(wed will become visible.)-.25 E(The)108 566.4 Q F4(FUNCNEST)3.529 E F0 -.25(va)3.529 G 1.028(riable, if set to a numeric v).25 F 1.028 (alue greater than 0, de\214nes a maximum function nesting)-.25 F(le)108 -544.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l. Function).15 F(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G +578.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l. Function).15 F(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G (cations that e).2 E(xceed the limit cause the entire command to abort.) --.15 E .043(If the b)108 561.6 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F F4 -.18(re) +-.15 E .043(If the b)108 595.2 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F F4 -.18(re) 2.543 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .043(is e)2.543 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .043 (cuted in a function, the function completes and e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.044(cution resumes with).15 F 1.012(the ne)108 573.6 R 1.012 +.044(cution resumes with).15 F 1.012(the ne)108 607.2 R 1.012 (xt command after the function call.)-.15 F(An)6.011 E 3.511(yc)-.15 G 1.011(ommand associated with the)-3.511 F F4(RETURN)3.511 E F0 1.011 -(trap is e)3.511 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .213(before e)108 585.6 R +(trap is e)3.511 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .213(before e)108 619.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .213(cution resumes.).15 F .213 (When a function completes, the v)5.213 F .214 (alues of the positional parameters and the spe-)-.25 F(cial parameter) -108 597.6 Q F4(#)2.5 E F0(are restored to the v)2.5 E(alues the)-.25 E +108 631.2 Q F4(#)2.5 E F0(are restored to the v)2.5 E(alues the)-.25 E 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad prior to the function')-2.5 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe) -2.65 G(cution.).15 E 1.359 -(Function names and de\214nitions may be listed with the)108 614.4 R F4 +(Function names and de\214nitions may be listed with the)108 648 R F4 3.858 E F0 1.358(option to the)3.858 F F4(declar)3.858 E(e)-.18 E F0(or)3.858 E F4(typeset)3.858 E F0 -.2(bu)3.858 G 1.358(iltin com-).2 F -3.39(mands. The)108 626.4 R F43.39 E F0 .89(option to)3.39 F F4 +3.39(mands. The)108 660 R F43.39 E F0 .89(option to)3.39 F F4 (declar)3.39 E(e)-.18 E F0(or)3.39 E F4(typeset)3.39 E F0 .89 (will list the function names only \(and optionally the source)3.39 F -.327(\214le and line number)108 638.4 R 2.827(,i)-.4 G 2.827(ft)-2.827 G +.327(\214le and line number)108 672 R 2.827(,i)-.4 G 2.827(ft)-2.827 G (he)-2.827 E F4(extdeb)2.827 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .326 (shell option is enabled\).)2.827 F .326(Functions may be e)5.326 F .326 -(xported so that subshells)-.15 F 1.297(automatically ha)108 650.4 R -1.597 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.297(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F43.797 E -F0 1.297(option to the)3.797 F F4(export)3.798 E F0 -.2(bu)3.798 G 3.798 +(xported so that subshells)-.15 F 1.297(automatically ha)108 684 R 1.597 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.297(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F43.797 E F0 +1.297(option to the)3.797 F F4(export)3.798 E F0 -.2(bu)3.798 G 3.798 (iltin. A).2 F 1.298(function de\214nition may be)3.798 F -(deleted using the)108 662.4 Q F42.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E F4 +(deleted using the)108 696 Q F42.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E F4 (unset)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .372(Functions may be recursi) -108 679.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.371(.T).15 G(he)-5.371 E F4(FUNCNEST)2.871 +108 712.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.371(.T).15 G(he)-5.371 E F4(FUNCNEST)2.871 E F0 -.25(va)2.871 G .371 (riable may be used to limit the depth of the function call).25 F 1.141 -(stack and restrict the number of function in)108 691.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G +(stack and restrict the number of function in)108 724.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G 3.641(cations. By).2 F(def)3.641 E 1.141 -(ault, no limit is imposed on the number of)-.1 F(recursi)108 703.2 Q .3 --.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E -(31)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(ault, no limit is imposed on the number of)-.1 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q +(2019 June 21)148.175 E(31)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 32 32 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(ARITHMETIC EV)72 84 Q(ALU)-1.478 E -1.04(AT)-.657 G -(ION)1.04 E F0 2.298(The shell allo)108 96 R 2.297(ws arithmetic e)-.25 -F 2.297(xpressions to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.297 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(recursi)108 84 Q +.3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls.).15 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(ARITHMETIC EV) +72 100.8 Q(ALU)-1.478 E -1.04(AT)-.657 G(ION)1.04 E F0 2.298 +(The shell allo)108 112.8 R 2.297(ws arithmetic e)-.25 F 2.297 +(xpressions to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.297 (luated, under certain circumstances \(see the).25 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(let)4.797 E F0(and)4.797 E F2(declar)108 108 Q(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu) +SF(let)4.797 E F0(and)4.797 E F2(declar)108 124.8 Q(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu) 2.683 G .183(iltin commands, the).2 F F2(\(\()2.683 E F0 .183 (compound command, and)2.683 F F2 .183(Arithmetic Expansion)2.683 F F0 -2.683(\). Ev)B .183(aluation is done in)-.25 F<8c78>108 120 Q 1.058 +2.683(\). Ev)B .183(aluation is done in)-.25 F<8c78>108 136.8 Q 1.058 (ed-width inte)-.15 F 1.057(gers with no check for o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r\215o).15 E 2.357 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 1.057(hough di).65 F 1.057 (vision by 0 is trapped and \215agged as an error)-.25 F(.)-.55 E .828 -(The operators and their precedence, associati)108 132 R(vity)-.25 E +(The operators and their precedence, associati)108 148.8 R(vity)-.25 E 3.329(,a)-.65 G .829(nd v)-3.329 F .829 (alues are the same as in the C language.)-.25 F .829(The fol-)5.829 F -(lo)108 144 Q .44(wing list of operators is grouped into le)-.25 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .439(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 F .439(The le) +(lo)108 160.8 Q .44(wing list of operators is grouped into le)-.25 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G .439(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 F .439(The le) 5.439 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .439(ls are listed in order).15 F -(of decreasing precedence.)108 156 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(id)108 -172.8 Q F2(++)A F3(id)2.5 E F2A F0 -.25(va)144 184.8 S -(riable post-increment and post-decrement).25 E F2 2.5108 196.8 S -F0(unary minus and plus)144 196.8 Q F2(++)108 208.8 Q F3(id)A F2 -2.5 E F3(id)A F0 -.25(va)144 220.8 S -(riable pre-increment and pre-decrement).25 E F2 2.5(!~)108 232.8 S F0 -(logical and bitwise ne)144 232.8 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(tion).05 E F2(**)108 -244.8 Q F0 -.15(ex)144 244.8 S(ponentiation).15 E F2 2.5(*/%)108 256.8 S -F0(multiplication, di)144 256.8 Q(vision, remainder)-.25 E F2 2.5<2bad> -108 268.8 S F0(addition, subtraction)144 268.8 Q F2(<< >>)108 280.8 Q F0 -(left and right bitwise shifts)144 280.8 Q F2(<= >= < >)108 292.8 Q F0 -(comparison)144 304.8 Q F2(== !=)108 316.8 Q F0(equality and inequality) -144 316.8 Q F2(&)108 328.8 Q F0(bitwise AND)144 328.8 Q F2(^)108 340.8 Q -F0(bitwise e)144 340.8 Q(xclusi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve O)-.25 H(R).15 E F2(|) -108 352.8 Q F0(bitwise OR)144 352.8 Q F2(&&)108 364.8 Q F0(logical AND) -144 364.8 Q F2(||)108 376.8 Q F0(logical OR)144 376.8 Q F3 -.2(ex)108 -388.8 S(pr).2 E F2(?)A F3 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F2(:)A F3 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F0 -(conditional operator)144 400.8 Q F2 2.5(=*)108 412.8 S 2.5(=/)-2.5 G +(of decreasing precedence.)108 172.8 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(id)108 +189.6 Q F2(++)A F3(id)2.5 E F2A F0 -.25(va)144 201.6 S +(riable post-increment and post-decrement).25 E F2 2.5108 213.6 S +F0(unary minus and plus)144 213.6 Q F2(++)108 225.6 Q F3(id)A F2 +2.5 E F3(id)A F0 -.25(va)144 237.6 S +(riable pre-increment and pre-decrement).25 E F2 2.5(!~)108 249.6 S F0 +(logical and bitwise ne)144 249.6 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(tion).05 E F2(**)108 +261.6 Q F0 -.15(ex)144 261.6 S(ponentiation).15 E F2 2.5(*/%)108 273.6 S +F0(multiplication, di)144 273.6 Q(vision, remainder)-.25 E F2 2.5<2bad> +108 285.6 S F0(addition, subtraction)144 285.6 Q F2(<< >>)108 297.6 Q F0 +(left and right bitwise shifts)144 297.6 Q F2(<= >= < >)108 309.6 Q F0 +(comparison)144 321.6 Q F2(== !=)108 333.6 Q F0(equality and inequality) +144 333.6 Q F2(&)108 345.6 Q F0(bitwise AND)144 345.6 Q F2(^)108 357.6 Q +F0(bitwise e)144 357.6 Q(xclusi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve O)-.25 H(R).15 E F2(|) +108 369.6 Q F0(bitwise OR)144 369.6 Q F2(&&)108 381.6 Q F0(logical AND) +144 381.6 Q F2(||)108 393.6 Q F0(logical OR)144 393.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)108 +405.6 S(pr).2 E F2(?)A F3 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F2(:)A F3 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F0 +(conditional operator)144 417.6 Q F2 2.5(=*)108 429.6 S 2.5(=/)-2.5 G 2.5(=%)-2.5 G 2.5(=+)-2.5 G 2.5<3dad>-2.5 G 2.5(=<)-2.5 G -(<= >>= &= ^= |=)-2.5 E F0(assignment)144 424.8 Q F3 -.2(ex)108 436.8 S -(pr1).2 E F2(,)2.5 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(comma)144 448.8 Q .68 -(Shell v)108 465.6 R .68(ariables are allo)-.25 F .68 +(<= >>= &= ^= |=)-2.5 E F0(assignment)144 441.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)108 453.6 S +(pr1).2 E F2(,)2.5 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(comma)144 465.6 Q .68 +(Shell v)108 482.4 R .68(ariables are allo)-.25 F .68 (wed as operands; parameter e)-.25 F .68 (xpansion is performed before the e)-.15 F .68(xpression is e)-.15 F --.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.508(ated. W)108 477.6 R 1.008(ithin an e)-.4 +-.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.508(ated. W)108 494.4 R 1.008(ithin an e)-.4 F 1.008(xpression, shell v)-.15 F 1.007 (ariables may also be referenced by name without using the parameter) --.25 F -.15(ex)108 489.6 S 1.04(pansion syntax.).15 F 3.54(As)6.04 G +-.25 F -.15(ex)108 506.4 S 1.04(pansion syntax.).15 F 3.54(As)6.04 G 1.04(hell v)-3.54 F 1.04(ariable that is null or unset e)-.25 F -.25(va) -.25 G 1.041(luates to 0 when referenced by name without).25 F 1.467 -(using the parameter e)108 501.6 R 1.467(xpansion syntax.)-.15 F 1.467 +(using the parameter e)108 518.4 R 1.467(xpansion syntax.)-.15 F 1.467 (The v)6.467 F 1.467(alue of a v)-.25 F 1.467(ariable is e)-.25 F -.25 (va)-.25 G 1.466(luated as an arithmetic e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E 1.257 -(when it is referenced, or when a v)108 513.6 R 1.258 +(when it is referenced, or when a v)108 530.4 R 1.258 (ariable which has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.758(nt).15 G(he) -3.758 E F3(inte)3.758 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib)3.758 E 1.258 (ute using)-.2 F F2(declar)3.758 E 3.758<65ad>-.18 G(i)-3.758 E F0(is) -3.758 E .333(assigned a v)108 525.6 R 2.832(alue. A)-.25 F .332(null v) +3.758 E .333(assigned a v)108 542.4 R 2.832(alue. A)-.25 F .332(null v) 2.832 F .332(alue e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .332(luates to 0.).25 F 2.832 (As)5.332 G .332(hell v)-2.832 F .332(ariable need not ha)-.25 F .632 -.15(ve i)-.2 H(ts).15 E F3(inte)2.832 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib) -2.832 E .332(ute turned on)-.2 F(to be used in an e)108 537.6 Q -(xpression.)-.15 E 1.406 -(Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.)108 554.4 -R 3.906(Al)6.406 G 1.407(eading 0x or 0X denotes he)-3.906 F(xadecimal.) --.15 E .113(Otherwise, numbers tak)108 566.4 R 2.613(et)-.1 G .113 -(he form [)-2.613 F F3(base#)A F0 .112(]n, where the optional)B F3(base) -2.612 E F0 .112(is a decimal number between 2 and 64)2.612 F .533 -(representing the arithmetic base, and)108 578.4 R F3(n)3.033 E F0 .533 -(is a number in that base.)3.033 F(If)5.534 E F3(base#)3.034 E F0 .534 -(is omitted, then base 10 is used.)3.034 F .513(When specifying)108 -590.4 R F3(n)3.013 E F0 3.013(,t)C .513 -(he digits greater than 9 are represented by the lo)-3.013 F .512 -(wercase letters, the uppercase letters,)-.25 F .942 -(@, and _, in that order)108 602.4 R 5.942(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.942 E F3(base) -3.442 E F0 .942(is less than or equal to 36, lo)3.442 F .943 -(wercase and uppercase letters may be used)-.25 F -(interchangeably to represent numbers between 10 and 35.)108 614.4 Q -.235(Operators are e)108 631.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G .235 +2.832 E .332(ute turned on)-.2 F(to be used in an e)108 554.4 Q +(xpression.)-.15 E(Inte)108 571.2 Q .517(ger constants follo)-.15 F +3.017(wt)-.25 G .518(he C language de\214nition, without suf)-3.017 F +<8c78>-.25 E .518(es or character constants.)-.15 F .518(Constants with) +5.518 F 3.283(al)108 583.2 S .783 +(eading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.)-3.283 F 3.282(Al)5.783 G +.782(eading 0x or 0X denotes he)-3.282 F 3.282(xadecimal. Otherwise,) +-.15 F(num-)3.282 E .815(bers tak)108 595.2 R 3.315(et)-.1 G .815 +(he form [)-3.315 F F3(base#)A F0 .815(]n, where the optional)B F3(base) +3.315 E F0 .816(is a decimal number between 2 and 64 representing)3.315 +F .35(the arithmetic base, and)108 607.2 R F3(n)2.85 E F0 .35 +(is a number in that base.)2.85 F(If)5.35 E F3(base#)2.849 E F0 .349 +(is omitted, then base 10 is used.)2.849 F .349(When speci-)5.349 F +(fying)108 619.2 Q F3(n)3.88 E F0 3.88(,i)C 3.88(fan)-3.88 G 1.38(on-di\ +git is required, the digits greater than 9 are represented by the lo) +-3.88 F 1.38(wercase letters, the)-.25 F .018 +(uppercase letters, @, and _, in that order)108 631.2 R 5.018(.I)-.55 G +(f)-5.018 E F3(base)2.518 E F0 .018(is less than or equal to 36, lo) +2.518 F .018(wercase and uppercase letters)-.25 F +(may be used interchangeably to represent numbers between 10 and 35.)108 +643.2 Q .234(Operators are e)108 660 R -.25(va)-.25 G .234 (luated in order of precedence.).25 F(Sub-e)5.234 E .234 -(xpressions in parentheses are e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .234 -(luated \214rst and may).25 F -.15(ove)108 643.2 S +(xpressions in parentheses are e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .235 +(luated \214rst and may).25 F -.15(ove)108 672 S (rride the precedence rules abo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1 -(CONDITION)72 660 Q(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.219 E F0 .255(Conditional e)108 672 -R .255(xpressions are used by the)-.15 F F2([[)2.755 E F0 .255 +(CONDITION)72 688.8 Q(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.219 E F0 .256(Conditional e)108 +700.8 R .256(xpressions are used by the)-.15 F F2([[)2.755 E F0 .255 (compound command and the)2.755 F F2(test)2.755 E F0(and)2.755 E F2([) -2.756 E F0 -.2(bu)2.756 G .256(iltin commands to test).2 F 1.234 -(\214le attrib)108 684 R 1.234 +2.755 E F0 -.2(bu)2.755 G .255(iltin commands to test).2 F 1.233 +(\214le attrib)108 712.8 R 1.233 (utes and perform string and arithmetic comparisons.)-.2 F(The)6.234 E -F2(test)3.733 E F0(and)3.733 E F2([)3.733 E F0 1.233 -(commands determine their)3.733 F(beha)108 696 Q .996 -(vior based on the number of ar)-.2 F .996 -(guments; see the descriptions of those commands for an)-.18 F 3.497(yo) --.15 G .997(ther com-)-3.497 F(mand-speci\214c actions.)108 708 Q 1.726 -(Expressions are formed from the follo)108 724.8 R 1.726 -(wing unary or binary primaries.)-.25 F F2(Bash)6.726 E F0 1.726 -(handles se)4.226 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.726(ral \214lenames).15 F -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(32)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +F2(test)3.734 E F0(and)3.734 E F2([)3.734 E F0 1.234 +(commands determine their)3.734 F(beha)108 724.8 Q 2.6 +(vior based on the number of ar)-.2 F 2.599 +(guments; see the descriptions of those commands for an)-.18 F 5.099(yo) +-.15 G(ther)-5.099 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(32) +197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 33 33 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.058 -(specially when the)108 84 R 3.558(ya)-.15 G 1.059(re used in e)-3.558 F -3.559(xpressions. If)-.15 F 1.059(the operating system on which)3.559 F -/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)3.559 E F0 1.059(is running pro)3.559 F -(vides)-.15 E .663(these special \214les, bash will use them; otherwise\ - it will emulate them internally with this beha)108 96 R .663 -(vior: If an)-.2 F(y)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214le)108 108 Q F0 -(ar)3.361 E .861(gument to one of the primaries is of the form)-.18 F F2 -(/de)3.361 E(v/fd/n)-.15 E F0 3.361(,t)C .861(hen \214le descriptor) --3.361 F F2(n)3.361 E F0 .861(is check)3.361 F 3.361(ed. If)-.1 F(the) -3.361 E F2(\214le)3.361 E F0(ar)108 120 Q .797 -(gument to one of the primaries is one of)-.18 F F2(/de)3.297 E(v/stdin) --.15 E F0(,)A F2(/de)3.297 E(v/stdout)-.15 E F0 3.297(,o)C(r)-3.297 E F2 -(/de)3.297 E(v/stderr)-.15 E F0 3.296<2c8c>C .796 -(le descriptor 0, 1, or 2,)-3.296 F(respecti)108 132 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ly).15 E 2.5(,i)-.65 G 2.5(sc)-2.5 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed.)-.1 E .721 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E +(command-speci\214c actions.)108 84 Q .234 +(Expressions are formed from the follo)108 100.8 R .234 +(wing unary or binary primaries.)-.25 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Bash)5.234 +E F0 .235(handles se)2.735 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .235(ral \214lenames spe-) +.15 F .425(cially when the)108 112.8 R 2.925(ya)-.15 G .425 +(re used in e)-2.925 F 2.925(xpressions. If)-.15 F .425 +(the operating system on which)2.925 F F1(bash)2.924 E F0 .424 +(is running pro)2.924 F .424(vides these)-.15 F 1.153(special \214les, \ +bash will use them; otherwise it will emulate them internally with this\ + beha)108 124.8 R 1.153(vior: If an)-.2 F(y)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 +SF(\214le)3.653 E F0(ar)108 136.8 Q .426 +(gument to one of the primaries is of the form)-.18 F F2(/de)2.926 E +(v/fd/n)-.15 E F0 2.926(,t)C .426(hen \214le descriptor)-2.926 F F2(n) +2.926 E F0 .426(is check)2.926 F 2.926(ed. If)-.1 F(the)2.926 E F2 +(\214le)2.926 E F0(ar)2.926 E(gu-)-.18 E .029 +(ment to one of the primaries is one of)108 148.8 R F2(/de)2.529 E +(v/stdin)-.15 E F0(,)A F2(/de)2.529 E(v/stdout)-.15 E F0 2.53(,o)C(r) +-2.53 E F2(/de)2.53 E(v/stderr)-.15 E F0 2.53<2c8c>C .03 +(le descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respec-)-2.53 F(ti)108 160.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ly).15 E 2.5(,i)-.65 G 2.5(sc)-2.5 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed.)-.1 E .722 (Unless otherwise speci\214ed, primaries that operate on \214les follo) -108 148.8 R 3.221(ws)-.25 G .722(ymbolic links and operate on the tar) --3.221 F(get)-.18 E(of the link, rather than the link itself.)108 160.8 -Q 1.096(When used with)108 178.8 R F1([[)3.596 E F0 3.596(,t)C(he)-3.596 -E F1(<)3.596 E F0(and)3.595 E F1(>)3.595 E F0 1.095(operators sort le) -3.595 F 1.095(xicographically using the current locale.)-.15 F(The)6.095 -E F1(test)3.595 E F0(com-)3.595 E(mand sorts using ASCII ordering.)108 -190.8 Q F1108 214.8 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 214.8 S +108 177.6 R 3.221(ws)-.25 G .721(ymbolic links and operate on the tar) +-3.221 F(get)-.18 E(of the link, rather than the link itself.)108 189.6 +Q 1.095(When used with)108 207.6 R F1([[)3.595 E F0 3.595(,t)C(he)-3.595 +E F1(<)3.595 E F0(and)3.595 E F1(>)3.595 E F0 1.095(operators sort le) +3.595 F 1.095(xicographically using the current locale.)-.15 F(The)6.096 +E F1(test)3.596 E F0(com-)3.596 E(mand sorts using ASCII ordering.)108 +219.6 Q F1108 243.6 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 243.6 S (ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1108 -226.8 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 226.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 +255.6 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 255.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a block special \214le.).15 E F1108 -238.8 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 238.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 +267.6 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 267.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a character special \214le.).15 E F1 -108 250.8 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 250.8 S(ue if).35 E F2 +108 279.6 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 279.6 S(ue if).35 E F2 (\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a directory).15 E(.)-.65 E F1 -108 262.8 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 262.8 S(ue if).35 E F2 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1108 274.8 Q F2 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 274.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a re).15 E(gular \214le.)-.15 E F1108 286.8 -Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 286.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is set-group-id.).15 E F1108 298.8 Q F2 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 298.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F1108 310.8 Q F2 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 310.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +108 291.6 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 291.6 S(ue if).35 E F2 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1108 303.6 Q F2 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 303.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a re).15 E(gular \214le.)-.15 E F1108 315.6 +Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 315.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 +-.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is set-group-id.).15 E F1108 327.6 Q F2 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 327.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F1108 339.6 Q F2 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 339.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 (ex)2.5 G(ists and its `).15 E(`stick)-.74 E(y')-.15 E 2.5('b)-.74 G -(it is set.)-2.5 E F1108 322.8 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 -322.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and is a named pipe \(FIFO\).).15 E F1108 334.8 Q F2(\214le) -2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 334.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 -G(ists and is readable.).15 E F1108 346.8 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.35(Tr)144 346.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and has a size greater than zero.).15 E F1108 358.8 Q F2(fd) -2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 358.8 S(ue if \214le descriptor).35 E F2(fd)4.47 E -F0(is open and refers to a terminal.)3.27 E F1108 370.8 Q F2 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 370.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +(it is set.)-2.5 E F1108 351.6 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 +351.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and is a named pipe \(FIFO\).).15 E F1108 363.6 Q F2(\214le) +2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 363.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 +G(ists and is readable.).15 E F1108 375.6 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 +-.35(Tr)144 375.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and has a size greater than zero.).15 E F1108 387.6 Q F2(fd) +2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 387.6 S(ue if \214le descriptor).35 E F2(fd)4.47 E +F0(is open and refers to a terminal.)3.27 E F1108 399.6 Q F2 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 399.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 (ex)2.5 G(ists and its set-user).15 E(-id bit is set.)-.2 E F1108 -382.8 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 382.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 -E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is writable.).15 E F1108 394.8 Q F2 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 394.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +411.6 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 411.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 +E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is writable.).15 E F1108 423.6 Q F2 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 423.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 (ex)2.5 G(ists and is e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutable.).15 E F1108 -406.8 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 406.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 +435.6 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 435.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is o).15 E(wned by the ef)-.25 E(fecti)-.25 -E .3 -.15(ve g)-.25 H(roup id.).15 E F1108 418.8 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E -F0 -.35(Tr)144 418.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F1108 430.8 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E -F0 -.35(Tr)144 430.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +E .3 -.15(ve g)-.25 H(roup id.).15 E F1108 447.6 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E +F0 -.35(Tr)144 447.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F1108 459.6 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E +F0 -.35(Tr)144 459.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G (ists and has been modi\214ed since it w).15 E(as last read.)-.1 E F1 -108 442.8 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 442.8 S(ue if).35 E F2 +108 471.6 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 471.6 S(ue if).35 E F2 (\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is o).15 E(wned by the ef)-.25 E -(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.25 H(ser id.).15 E F1108 454.8 Q F2 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 454.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a sock).15 E(et.)-.1 E F2(\214le1)108 466.8 Q F1 -(\255ef)2.5 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 478.8 S(ue if).35 E F2 +(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.25 H(ser id.).15 E F1108 483.6 Q F2 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 483.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a sock).15 E(et.)-.1 E F2(\214le1)108 495.6 Q F1 +(\255ef)2.5 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 507.6 S(ue if).35 E F2 (\214le1)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0(refer to the same de)2.5 -E(vice and inode numbers.)-.25 E F2(\214le1)108 490.8 Q F02.5 E F1 -(nt)A F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 502.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le1)2.5 +E(vice and inode numbers.)-.25 E F2(\214le1)108 519.6 Q F02.5 E F1 +(nt)A F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 531.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0(is ne)2.5 E(wer \(according to modi\214cation date\) than)-.25 E F2 (\214le2)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri)-2.5 G(f)-2.5 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and).15 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0(does not.)2.5 E F2 -(\214le1)108 514.8 Q F02.5 E F1(ot)A F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 -526.8 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0(is older than)2.5 E F2(\214le2) +(\214le1)108 543.6 Q F02.5 E F1(ot)A F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 +555.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0(is older than)2.5 E F2(\214le2) 2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri)-2.5 G(f)-2.5 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 -G(ists and).15 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0(does not.)2.5 E F1108 538.8 Q -F2(optname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 550.8 S .262(ue if the shell option).35 +G(ists and).15 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0(does not.)2.5 E F1108 567.6 Q +F2(optname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 579.6 S .263(ue if the shell option).35 F F2(optname)2.992 E F0 .262(is enabled.)2.942 F .262 (See the list of options under the description of the)5.262 F F1 -2.763 E F0(option to the)144 562.8 Q F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F1108 574.8 Q F2(varname)2.5 E F0 --.35(Tr)144 586.8 S(ue if the shell v).35 E(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname) +2.762 E F0(option to the)144 591.6 Q F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltin belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F1108 603.6 Q F2(varname)2.5 E F0 +-.35(Tr)144 615.6 S(ue if the shell v).35 E(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname) 2.79 E F0(is set \(has been assigned a v)2.68 E(alue\).)-.25 E F1 -108 598.8 Q F2(varname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 610.8 S(ue if the shell v) +108 627.6 Q F2(varname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 639.6 S(ue if the shell v) .35 E(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)2.79 E F0 -(is set and is a name reference.)2.68 E F1108 622.8 Q F2(string) -2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 634.8 S(ue if the length of).35 E F2(string)2.5 E -F0(is zero.)2.5 E F2(string)108 646.8 Q F1108 658.8 Q F2(string) -2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 670.8 S(ue if the length of).35 E F2(string)2.84 E -F0(is non-zero.)2.72 E F2(string1)108 687.6 Q F1(==)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 -E(string1)108 699.6 Q F1(=)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 711.6 S -.862(ue if the strings are equal.).35 F F1(=)5.861 E F0 .861 -(should be used with the)3.361 F F1(test)3.361 E F0 .861 -(command for POSIX conformance.)3.361 F .446(When used with the)144 -723.6 R F1([[)2.946 E F0 .446 -(command, this performs pattern matching as described abo)2.946 F .747 --.15(ve \()-.15 H F1(Compound).15 E F0(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q -(2019 May 20)148.175 E(33)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(is set and is a name reference.)2.68 E F1108 651.6 Q F2(string) +2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 663.6 S(ue if the length of).35 E F2(string)2.5 E +F0(is zero.)2.5 E F2(string)108 675.6 Q F1108 687.6 Q F2(string) +2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 699.6 S(ue if the length of).35 E F2(string)2.84 E +F0(is non-zero.)2.72 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(33) +197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 34 34 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(Commands)144 84 Q F0(\).)A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(string1)108 100.8 -Q F1(!=)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 112.8 S -(ue if the strings are not equal.).35 E F2(string1)108 129.6 Q F1(<)2.5 -E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 141.6 S(ue if).35 E F2(string1)2.5 E -F0(sorts before)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 -E(.)-.65 E F2(string1)108 158.4 Q F1(>)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)144 170.4 S(ue if).35 E F2(string1)2.5 E F0(sorts after)2.5 E F2 -(string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 E(.)-.65 E F2(ar)108.33 -187.2 Q(g1)-.37 E F1(OP)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(g2)-.37 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(OP)144 199.2 Q F0 .385(is one of)2.635 F F1(\255eq)2.885 E F0(,)A F1 -(\255ne)2.885 E F0(,)A F1(\255lt)2.885 E F0(,)A F1(\255le)2.885 E F0(,)A -F1(\255gt)2.885 E F0 2.885(,o)C(r)-2.885 E F1(\255ge)2.885 E F0 5.385 -(.T)C .385(hese arithmetic binary operators return true if)-5.385 F F2 -(ar)2.884 E(g1)-.37 E F0 .845(is equal to, not equal to, less than, les\ -s than or equal to, greater than, or greater than or equal to)144 211.2 -R F2(ar)144 223.2 Q(g2)-.37 E F0 3.59(,r)C(especti)-3.59 E -.15(ve)-.25 -G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E F2(Ar)7.1 E(g1)-.37 E F0(and)3.59 E F2(ar)3.92 E(g2) --.37 E F0 1.089(may be positi)3.61 F 1.389 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 3.589(rn).15 -G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-3.589 H(ti).15 E 1.389 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E -3.589(gers. 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When)-.15 F 1.09(used with the)3.59 F F2([[)3.59 E +F0(command,)144 283.2 Q F1(Ar)4.22 E(g1)-.37 E F0(and)3.21 E F1(Ar)4.22 E(g2)-.37 E F0 .71(are e)3.23 F -.25(va)-.25 G .71 -(luated as arithmetic e).25 F 3.21(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F3 .71 -(ARITHMETIC EV)3.21 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)144 247.2 Q F0(abo) +(luated as arithmetic e).25 F 3.209(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F3 .709 +(ARITHMETIC EV)3.209 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)144 295.2 Q F0(abo) 2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -(SIMPLE COMMAND EXP)72 264 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .614 -(When a simple command is e)108 276 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .614 -(cuted, the shell performs the follo).15 F .613(wing e)-.25 F .613 +(SIMPLE COMMAND EXP)72 312 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .613 +(When a simple command is e)108 324 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .614 +(cuted, the shell performs the follo).15 F .614(wing e)-.25 F .614 (xpansions, assignments, and redi-)-.15 F(rections, from left to right.) -108 288 Q(1.)108 304.8 Q 1.848(The w)144 304.8 R 1.848 -(ords that the parser has mark)-.1 F 1.848(ed as v)-.1 F 1.849 +108 336 Q(1.)108 352.8 Q 1.849(The w)144 352.8 R 1.849 +(ords that the parser has mark)-.1 F 1.848(ed as v)-.1 F 1.848 (ariable assignments \(those preceding the command)-.25 F -(name\) and redirections are sa)144 316.8 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(df).15 G -(or later processing.)-2.5 E(2.)108 333.6 Q 1.164(The w)144 333.6 R -1.164(ords that are not v)-.1 F 1.164 -(ariable assignments or redirections are e)-.25 F 3.663(xpanded. If)-.15 -F(an)3.663 E 3.663(yw)-.15 G 1.163(ords remain)-3.763 F .775(after e)144 -345.6 R .775(xpansion, the \214rst w)-.15 F .775(ord is tak)-.1 F .775 +(name\) and redirections are sa)144 364.8 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(df).15 G +(or later processing.)-2.5 E(2.)108 381.6 Q 1.163(The w)144 381.6 R +1.163(ords that are not v)-.1 F 1.164 +(ariable assignments or redirections are e)-.25 F 3.664(xpanded. If)-.15 +F(an)3.664 E 3.664(yw)-.15 G 1.164(ords remain)-3.764 F .776(after e)144 +393.6 R .776(xpansion, the \214rst w)-.15 F .776(ord is tak)-.1 F .775 (en to be the name of the command and the remaining w)-.1 F(ords)-.1 E -(are the ar)144 357.6 Q(guments.)-.18 E(3.)108 374.4 Q -(Redirections are performed as described abo)144 374.4 Q .3 -.15(ve u) +(are the ar)144 405.6 Q(guments.)-.18 E(3.)108 422.4 Q +(Redirections are performed as described abo)144 422.4 Q .3 -.15(ve u) -.15 H(nder).15 E F3(REDIRECTION)2.5 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(4.) -108 391.2 Q .717(The te)144 391.2 R .717(xt after the)-.15 F F1(=)3.217 +108 439.2 Q .716(The te)144 439.2 R .717(xt after the)-.15 F F2(=)3.217 E F0 .717(in each v)3.217 F .717(ariable assignment under)-.25 F .717 (goes tilde e)-.18 F .717(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F(xpansion,)-.15 E -.339(command substitution, arithmetic e)144 403.2 R .339 +.34(command substitution, arithmetic e)144 451.2 R .339 (xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.839(lb).25 G .339 -(efore being assigned to the v)-2.839 F(ari-)-.25 E(able.)144 415.2 Q -.332(If no command name results, the v)108 432 R .332 +(efore being assigned to the v)-2.839 F(ari-)-.25 E(able.)144 463.2 Q +.332(If no command name results, the v)108 480 R .332 (ariable assignments af)-.25 F .332(fect the current shell en)-.25 F -2.832(vironment. Otherwise,)-.4 F(the)2.832 E -.25(va)108 444 S .757 +2.833(vironment. Otherwise,)-.4 F(the)2.833 E -.25(va)108 492 S .757 (riables are added to the en).25 F .757(vironment of the e)-.4 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .757(cuted command and do not af).15 F .757 -(fect the current shell en)-.25 F(vi-)-.4 E 3.177(ronment. If)108 456 R -(an)3.177 E 3.177(yo)-.15 G 3.177(ft)-3.177 G .677 -(he assignments attempts to assign a v)-3.177 F .677 -(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .676(ariable, an error occurs, and)-.25 F -(the command e)108 468 Q(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 E .149 -(If no command name results, redirections are performed, b)108 484.8 R -.149(ut do not af)-.2 F .15(fect the current shell en)-.25 F 2.65 -(vironment. A)-.4 F(redirection error causes the command to e)108 496.8 +(fect the current shell en)-.25 F(vi-)-.4 E 3.176(ronment. If)108 504 R +(an)3.176 E 3.176(yo)-.15 G 3.176(ft)-3.176 G .677 +(he assignments attempts to assign a v)-3.176 F .677 +(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .677(ariable, an error occurs, and)-.25 F +(the command e)108 516 Q(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 E .15 +(If no command name results, redirections are performed, b)108 532.8 R +.149(ut do not af)-.2 F .149(fect the current shell en)-.25 F 2.649 +(vironment. A)-.4 F(redirection error causes the command to e)108 544.8 Q(xit with a non-zero status.)-.15 E 1.064 -(If there is a command name left after e)108 513.6 R 1.064(xpansion, e) +(If there is a command name left after e)108 561.6 R 1.064(xpansion, e) -.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.064(cution proceeds as described belo).15 F -4.864 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.064(therwise, the).65 F .068(command e)108 -525.6 R 2.568(xits. If)-.15 F .069(one of the e)2.568 F .069 -(xpansions contained a command substitution, the e)-.15 F .069 -(xit status of the command)-.15 F .467(is the e)108 537.6 R .466 -(xit status of the last command substitution performed.)-.15 F .466 -(If there were no command substitutions, the)5.466 F(command e)108 549.6 -Q(xits with a status of zero.)-.15 E F4(COMMAND EXECUTION)72 566.4 Q F0 -.546(After a command has been split into w)108 578.4 R .547 +4.864 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.064(therwise, the).65 F .069(command e)108 +573.6 R 2.569(xits. If)-.15 F .069(one of the e)2.569 F .069 +(xpansions contained a command substitution, the e)-.15 F .068 +(xit status of the command)-.15 F .466(is the e)108 585.6 R .466 +(xit status of the last command substitution performed.)-.15 F .467 +(If there were no command substitutions, the)5.466 F(command e)108 597.6 +Q(xits with a status of zero.)-.15 E F4(COMMAND EXECUTION)72 614.4 Q F0 +.547(After a command has been split into w)108 626.4 R .546 (ords, if it results in a simple command and an optional list of ar)-.1 -F(gu-)-.18 E(ments, the follo)108 590.4 Q(wing actions are tak)-.25 E +F(gu-)-.18 E(ments, the follo)108 638.4 Q(wing actions are tak)-.25 E (en.)-.1 E .379(If the command name contains no slashes, the shell atte\ -mpts to locate it.)108 607.2 R .379(If there e)5.379 F .379 +mpts to locate it.)108 655.2 R .379(If there e)5.379 F .379 (xists a shell function by)-.15 F .246(that name, that function is in) -108 619.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.746(da).1 G 2.746(sd)-2.746 G +108 667.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.746(da).1 G 2.746(sd)-2.746 G .246(escribed abo)-2.746 F .546 -.15(ve i)-.15 H(n).15 E F3(FUNCTIONS) 2.746 E F5(.)A F0 .246(If the name does not match a func-)4.746 F -(tion, the shell searches for it in the list of shell b)108 631.2 Q 2.5 +(tion, the shell searches for it in the list of shell b)108 679.2 Q 2.5 (uiltins. If)-.2 F 2.5(am)2.5 G(atch is found, that b)-2.5 E -(uiltin is in)-.2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .31 -(If the name is neither a shell function nor a b)108 648 R .309 -(uiltin, and contains no slashes,)-.2 F F1(bash)2.809 E F0 .309 -(searches each element of)2.809 F(the)108 660 Q F3 -.666(PA)3.162 G(TH) --.189 E F0 .662(for a directory containing an e)2.912 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.662(cutable \214le by that name.).15 F F1(Bash)5.662 E F0 .663 -(uses a hash table to remember)3.162 F 1.915(the full pathnames of e)108 -672 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.915(cutable \214les \(see).15 F F1(hash)4.415 E -F0(under)4.415 E F3 1.915(SHELL B)4.415 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.914(TIN COMMANDS) --.828 F F0(belo)4.164 E 4.414(w\). A)-.25 F(full)4.414 E .719 -(search of the directories in)108 684 R F3 -.666(PA)3.219 G(TH)-.189 E -F0 .72(is performed only if the command is not found in the hash table.) -2.969 F .72(If the)5.72 F .956(search is unsuccessful, the shell search\ -es for a de\214ned shell function named)108 696 R F1(command_not_f)3.455 -E(ound_han-)-.25 E(dle)108 708 Q F0 6.005(.I)C 3.505(ft)-6.005 G 1.005 -(hat function e)-3.505 F 1.005(xists, it is in)-.15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 -(ke).2 G 3.506(di).1 G 3.506(nas)-3.506 G 1.006(eparate e)-3.506 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.006(cution en).15 F 1.006 -(vironment with the original command)-.4 F 1.402 -(and the original command')108 720 R 3.902(sa)-.55 G -.18(rg)-3.902 G -1.402(uments as its ar).18 F 1.402(guments, and the function')-.18 F -3.902(se)-.55 G 1.402(xit status becomes the e)-4.052 F(xit)-.15 E -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(34)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(uiltin is in)-.2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .309 +(If the name is neither a shell function nor a b)108 696 R .31 +(uiltin, and contains no slashes,)-.2 F F2(bash)2.81 E F0 .31 +(searches each element of)2.81 F(the)108 708 Q F3 -.666(PA)3.163 G(TH) +-.189 E F0 .662(for a directory containing an e)2.913 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.662(cutable \214le by that name.).15 F F2(Bash)5.662 E F0 .662 +(uses a hash table to remember)3.162 F 1.914(the full pathnames of e)108 +720 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.915(cutable \214les \(see).15 F F2(hash)4.415 E +F0(under)4.415 E F3 1.915(SHELL B)4.415 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.915(TIN COMMANDS) +-.828 F F0(belo)4.165 E 4.415(w\). A)-.25 F(full)4.415 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 +768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(34)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 35 35 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .583 -(status of that subshell.)108 84 R .584(If that function is not de\214n\ -ed, the shell prints an error message and returns an e)5.583 F(xit)-.15 -E(status of 127.)108 96 Q 1.089(If the search is successful, or if the \ -command name contains one or more slashes, the shell e)108 112.8 R -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.089(cutes the).15 F .197(named program in a separate e)108 -124.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .197(cution en).15 F 2.698(vironment. 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Changes)-.4 F .856(made to the subshell en)3.356 F(viron-) --.4 E(ment cannot af)108 729.6 Q(fect the shell')-.25 E 2.5(se)-.55 G --.15(xe)-2.65 G(cution en).15 E(vironment.)-.4 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q -(2019 May 20)148.175 E(35)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +ntheses, and asynchronous commands are in)108 729.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 +(ke).2 G 3.077(di).1 G(n)-3.077 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21) +148.175 E(35)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 36 36 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.376 -(Subshells spa)108 84 R 1.376(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.377 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 2.744(as)108 84 S +.244(ubshell en)-2.744 F .244 +(vironment that is a duplicate of the shell en)-.4 F .245(vironment, e) +-.4 F .245(xcept that traps caught by the shell are)-.15 F .359 +(reset to the v)108 96 R .358 +(alues that the shell inherited from its parent at in)-.25 F -.2(vo)-.4 +G 2.858(cation. 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If)-.4 F 1.153(the v)3.653 F 1.154 +(alue of a parameter in the)-.25 F(en)108 295.2 Q .64 (vironment is modi\214ed, the ne)-.4 F 3.14(wv)-.25 G .64 (alue becomes part of the en)-3.39 F .64(vironment, replacing the old.) --.4 F .64(The en)5.64 F(viron-)-.4 E .58(ment inherited by an)108 254.4 +-.4 F .64(The en)5.64 F(viron-)-.4 E .58(ment inherited by an)108 307.2 R 3.08(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.23 G .58 (cuted command consists of the shell').15 F 3.08(si)-.55 G .58 (nitial en)-3.08 F .58(vironment, whose v)-.4 F .58(alues may be)-.25 F -.3(modi\214ed in the shell, less an)108 266.4 R 2.8(yp)-.15 G .3 -(airs remo)-2.8 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(db).15 G 2.801(yt)-2.8 G(he)-2.801 -E F1(unset)2.801 E F0 .301(command, plus an)2.801 F 2.801(ya)-.15 G .301 -(dditions via the)-2.801 F F1(export)2.801 E F0(and)2.801 E F1(declar) -108 278.4 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E .563(The en)108 -295.2 R .563(vironment for an)-.4 F(y)-.15 E F2 .563(simple command) -3.403 F F0 .562 -(or function may be augmented temporarily by pre\214xing it with)3.833 F -.202(parameter assignments, as described abo)108 307.2 R .502 -.15(ve i) --.15 H(n).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.702 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F5 -9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .202(These assignment statements af)4.702 F -.203(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 319.2 Q -(vironment seen by that command.)-.4 E .81(If the)108 336 R F13.31 -E F0 .81(option is set \(see the)3.31 F F1(set)3.31 E F0 -.2(bu)3.31 G -.81(iltin command belo).2 F .81(w\), then)-.25 F F2(all)3.64 E F0 .81 -(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 348 Q +.301(modi\214ed in the shell, less an)108 319.2 R 2.801(yp)-.15 G .301 +(airs remo)-2.801 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.801(db).15 G 2.801(yt)-2.801 G(he) +-2.801 E F1(unset)2.801 E F0 .3(command, plus an)2.8 F 2.8(ya)-.15 G .3 +(dditions via the)-2.8 F F1(export)2.8 E F0(and)2.8 E F1(declar)108 +331.2 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E .562(The en)108 348 +R .562(vironment for an)-.4 F(y)-.15 E F2 .562(simple command)3.402 F F0 +.563(or function may be augmented temporarily by pre\214xing it with) +3.833 F .203(parameter assignments, as described abo)108 360 R .502 -.15 +(ve i)-.15 H(n).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.702 G(RAMETERS).666 +E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .202(These assignment statements af)4.702 +F .202(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 372 Q +(vironment seen by that command.)-.4 E .81(If the)108 388.8 R F1 +3.31 E F0 .81(option is set \(see the)3.31 F F1(set)3.31 E F0 -.2(bu) +3.31 G .81(iltin command belo).2 F .81(w\), then)-.25 F F2(all)3.64 E F0 +.81(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 400.8 Q (vironment for a command, not just those that precede the command name.) --.4 E(When)108 364.8 Q F1(bash)3.585 E F0(in)3.585 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 -(ke).2 G 3.585(sa).1 G 3.585(ne)-3.585 G 1.085(xternal command, the v) --3.735 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(_)3.585 E F0 1.086 +-.4 E(When)108 417.6 Q F1(bash)3.586 E F0(in)3.586 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 +(ke).2 G 3.586(sa).1 G 3.586(ne)-3.586 G 1.086(xternal command, the v) +-3.736 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(_)3.586 E F0 1.085 (is set to the full \214lename of the command and)3.586 F -(passed to that command in its en)108 376.8 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F3 -(EXIT ST)72 393.6 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .151(The e)108 405.6 R -.151(xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .151 -(cuted command is the v).15 F .15(alue returned by the)-.25 F F2 -(waitpid)2.65 E F0 .15(system call or equi)2.65 F -.25(va)-.25 G .15 -(lent func-).25 F 2.847(tion. Exit)108 417.6 R .347(statuses f)2.847 F -.347(all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F -1.647 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .347(he shell may use v).65 F .348(alues abo)-.25 -F .648 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 429.6 Q 5.507(.E)-.65 G -.507(xit statuses from shell b)-5.507 F .507 +(passed to that command in its en)108 429.6 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F3 +(EXIT ST)72 446.4 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .15(The e)108 458.4 R +.15(xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .15(cuted command is the v) +.15 F .151(alue returned by the)-.25 F F2(waitpid)2.651 E F0 .151 +(system call or equi)2.651 F -.25(va)-.25 G .151(lent func-).25 F 2.848 +(tion. Exit)108 470.4 R .348(statuses f)2.848 F .347 +(all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F +1.647 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .347(he shell may use v).65 F .347(alues abo)-.25 +F .647 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 482.4 Q 5.506(.E)-.65 G +.506(xit statuses from shell b)-5.506 F .507 (uiltins and compound commands are also limited to this range.)-.2 F -(Under)5.506 E(certain circumstances, the shell will use special v)108 -441.6 Q(alues to indicate speci\214c f)-.25 E(ailure modes.)-.1 E -.15 -(Fo)108 458.4 S 3.372(rt).15 G .872(he shell')-3.372 F 3.372(sp)-.55 G -.873(urposes, a command which e)-3.372 F .873(xits with a zero e)-.15 F -.873(xit status has succeeded.)-.15 F .873(An e)5.873 F .873 -(xit status of)-.15 F .049(zero indicates success.)108 470.4 R 2.549(An) -5.049 G .049(on-zero e)-2.549 F .049(xit status indicates f)-.15 F 2.549 -(ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .048(ommand terminates on a f) --2.549 F .048(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 482.4 Q F2(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(bash) +(Under)5.507 E(certain circumstances, the shell will use special v)108 +494.4 Q(alues to indicate speci\214c f)-.25 E(ailure modes.)-.1 E -.15 +(Fo)108 511.2 S 3.373(rt).15 G .873(he shell')-3.373 F 3.373(sp)-.55 G +.873(urposes, a command which e)-3.373 F .873(xits with a zero e)-.15 F +.873(xit status has succeeded.)-.15 F .872(An e)5.872 F .872 +(xit status of)-.15 F .048(zero indicates success.)108 523.2 R 2.548(An) +5.048 G .049(on-zero e)-2.548 F .049(xit status indicates f)-.15 F 2.549 +(ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .049(ommand terminates on a f) +-2.549 F .049(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 535.2 Q F2(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(bash) 2.5 E F0(uses the v)2.5 E(alue of 128+)-.25 E F2(N)A F0(as the e)2.5 E -(xit status.)-.15 E .404 -(If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 499.2 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .404(cute it returns a status of 127.).15 F .405 -(If a command is)5.405 F(found b)108 511.2 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe) --.15 G(cutable, the return status is 126.).15 E(If a command f)108 528 Q -(ails because of an error during e)-.1 E(xpansion or redirection, the e) --.15 E(xit status is greater than zero.)-.15 E .081(Shell b)108 544.8 R -.081(uiltin commands return a status of 0 \()-.2 F F2(true)A F0 2.581 -(\)i)C 2.581(fs)-2.581 G .08(uccessful, and non-zero \()-2.581 F F2 -(false)A F0 2.58(\)i)C 2.58(fa)-2.58 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G .08 -(rror occurs while)-2.58 F(the)108 556.8 Q 2.967(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe) --3.117 G 2.967(cute. All).15 F -.2(bu)2.967 G .467(iltins return an e).2 -F .468(xit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage, generally in)-.15 F --.25(va)-.4 G .468(lid options or).25 F(missing ar)108 568.8 Q(guments.) --.18 E F1(Bash)108 585.6 Q F0 .202(itself returns the e)2.702 F .202 -(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .201 -(cuted, unless a syntax error occurs, in which case).15 F(it e)108 597.6 +(xit status.)-.15 E .405 +(If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 552 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .404(cute it returns a status of 127.).15 F .404 +(If a command is)5.404 F(found b)108 564 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cutable, the return status is 126.).15 E(If a command f)108 580.8 +Q(ails because of an error during e)-.1 E +(xpansion or redirection, the e)-.15 E(xit status is greater than zero.) +-.15 E .08(Shell b)108 597.6 R .08 +(uiltin commands return a status of 0 \()-.2 F F2(true)A F0 2.581(\)i)C +2.581(fs)-2.581 G .081(uccessful, and non-zero \()-2.581 F F2(false)A F0 +2.581(\)i)C 2.581(fa)-2.581 G 2.581(ne)-2.581 G .081(rror occurs while) +-2.581 F(the)108 609.6 Q 2.968(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.118 G 2.968 +(cute. 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When)108 -679.2 R .748(job control is not in ef)3.248 F .747 -(fect, asynchronous commands ignore)-.25 F F4(SIGINT)3.247 E F0(and) -2.997 E F4(SIGQ)3.247 E(UIT)-.09 E F0 .747(in addi-)2.997 F .652 -(tion to these inherited handlers.)108 691.2 R .653 -(Commands run as a result of command substitution ignore the k)5.652 F --.15(ey)-.1 G(board-).15 E(generated job control signals)108 703.2 Q F4 -(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F5(,)A F4(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F5(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F4 -(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0 2.046(The shell e)108 720 R 2.046(xits by def) --.15 F 2.045(ault upon receipt of a)-.1 F F4(SIGHUP)4.545 E F5(.)A F0 -2.045(Before e)6.545 F 2.045(xiting, an interacti)-.15 F 2.345 -.15 -(ve s)-.25 H 2.045(hell resends the).15 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q -(2019 May 20)148.175 E(36)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +E F4(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0(Non-b)108 720 Q 1.065 +(uiltin commands run by)-.2 F F1(bash)3.565 E F0(ha)3.565 E 1.365 -.15 +(ve s)-.2 H 1.065(ignal handlers set to the v).15 F 1.064 +(alues inherited by the shell from its)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q +(2019 June 21)148.175 E(36)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 37 37 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF(SIGHUP)108 84 Q F0 1.004(to all jobs, running or stopped.)3.254 F -1.004(Stopped jobs are sent)6.004 F F1(SIGCONT)3.505 E F0 1.005 -(to ensure that the)3.255 F 3.505(yr)-.15 G(ecei)-3.505 E 1.305 -.15 -(ve t)-.25 H(he).15 E F1(SIGHUP)108 96 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 -2.53 -.8(To p)5.43 H(re).8 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .93(nt the shell from sendi\ -ng the signal to a particular job, it should be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 -G 3.429(df).15 G .929(rom the)-3.429 F 1.356(jobs table with the)108 108 -R/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(diso)3.856 E(wn)-.1 E F0 -.2(bu)3.856 G 1.356 -(iltin \(see).2 F F1 1.356(SHELL B)3.856 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.356 -(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.607 E 1.357(w\) or mark)-.25 F 1.357 -(ed to not recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F1(SIGHUP)108 120 Q F0(using)2.25 -E F3(diso)2.5 E(wn \255h)-.1 E F0(.)A .166(If the)108 136.8 R F3 -(huponexit)2.666 E F0 .166(shell option has been set with)2.666 F F3 -(shopt)2.666 E F0(,)A F3(bash)2.666 E F0 .166(sends a)2.666 F F1(SIGHUP) -2.666 E F0 .166(to all jobs when an interacti)2.416 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -(login shell e)108 148.8 Q(xits.)-.15 E(If)108 165.6 Q F3(bash)3.046 E -F0 .546(is w)3.046 F .546(aiting for a command to complete and recei)-.1 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.046(sas).15 G .546 -(ignal for which a trap has been set, the trap)-3.046 F .663 -(will not be e)108 177.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .663 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 3.247 +(parent. 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Background)108 494.4 R .551 +(processes which attempt to read from \(write to when)3.051 F F6 .551 +(stty tostop)3.051 F F0 .552(is in ef)3.052 F .552(fect\) the)-.25 F +.718(terminal are sent a)108 506.4 R F1 .718(SIGTTIN \(SIGTT)3.218 F +(OU\))-.162 E F0 .718(signal by the k)2.968 F(ernel')-.1 E 3.217(st)-.55 +G .717(erminal dri)-3.217 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.517 -.4(r, w).15 H .717 +(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 518.4 Q 1.087 +(If the operating system on which)108 535.2 R F3(bash)3.587 E F0 1.088 +(is running supports job control,)3.588 F F3(bash)3.588 E F0 1.088 +(contains f)3.588 F 1.088(acilities to use it.)-.1 F -.8(Ty)108 547.2 S +.302(ping the).8 F F5(suspend)3.142 E F0 .302(character \(typically) +3.572 F F3(^Z)2.801 E F0 2.801(,C)C .301 (ontrol-Z\) while a process is running causes that process to be)-2.801 -F 2.143(stopped and returns control to)108 506.4 R F3(bash)4.642 E F0 +F 2.142(stopped and returns control to)108 559.2 R F3(bash)4.642 E F0 7.142(.T)C 2.142(yping the)-7.942 F F5 2.142(delayed suspend)4.992 F F0 -2.142(character \(typically)5.412 F F3(^Y)4.642 E F0 4.642(,C)C -(ontrol-Y\))-4.642 E .021(causes the process to be stopped when it atte\ +2.143(character \(typically)5.413 F F3(^Y)4.643 E F0 4.643(,C)C +(ontrol-Y\))-4.643 E .021(causes the process to be stopped when it atte\ mpts to read input from the terminal, and control to be returned)108 -518.4 R(to)108 530.4 Q F3(bash)3.392 E F0 5.892(.T)C .892 +571.2 R(to)108 583.2 Q F3(bash)3.392 E F0 5.892(.T)C .892 (he user may then manipulate the state of this job, using the)-5.892 F -F3(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .894 -(background, the)108 542.4 R F3(fg)3.394 E F0 .895 -(command to continue it in the fore)3.394 F .895(ground, or the)-.15 F -F3(kill)3.395 E F0 .895(command to kill it.)3.395 F(A)5.895 E F3(^Z) -3.395 E F0(tak)3.395 E(es)-.1 E(ef)108 554.4 Q .949(fect immediately) --.25 F 3.449(,a)-.65 G .948(nd has the additional side ef)-3.449 F .948 +F3(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .895 +(background, the)108 595.2 R F3(fg)3.395 E F0 .895 +(command to continue it in the fore)3.395 F .895(ground, or the)-.15 F +F3(kill)3.395 E F0 .894(command to kill it.)3.395 F(A)5.894 E F3(^Z) +3.394 E F0(tak)3.394 E(es)-.1 E(ef)108 607.2 Q .948(fect immediately) +-.25 F 3.448(,a)-.65 G .948(nd has the additional side ef)-3.448 F .948 (fect of causing pending output and typeahead to be dis-)-.25 F(carded.) -108 566.4 Q .777(There are a number of w)108 583.2 R .777 +108 619.2 Q .777(There are a number of w)108 636 R .777 (ays to refer to a job in the shell.)-.1 F .777(The character)5.777 F F3 -(%)3.277 E F0 .777(introduces a job speci\214cation)3.277 F(\()108 595.2 -Q F5(jobspec)A F0 3.458(\). 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Job)B(number)3.457 E F5(n)3.817 E F0 .957 (may be referred to as)3.697 F F3(%n)3.457 E F0 5.957(.A)C .957 (job may also be referred to using a pre\214x of the)-2.5 F .59(name us\ ed to start it, or using a substring that appears in its command line.) -108 607.2 R -.15(Fo)5.59 G 3.09(re).15 G(xample,)-3.24 E F3(%ce)3.09 E -F0 .59(refers to a)3.09 F(stopped)108 619.2 Q F3(ce)3.464 E F0(job)3.464 -E 5.964(.I)-.4 G 3.463(fap)-5.964 G .963 +108 660 R -.15(Fo)5.59 G 3.09(re).15 G(xample,)-3.24 E F3(%ce)3.09 E F0 +.59(refers to a)3.09 F(stopped)108 672 Q F3(ce)3.463 E F0(job)3.463 E +5.963(.I)-.4 G 3.463(fap)-5.963 G .963 (re\214x matches more than one job,)-3.463 F F3(bash)3.463 E F0 .963 (reports an error)3.463 F 5.963(.U)-.55 G(sing)-5.963 E F3(%?ce)3.463 E -F0 3.463(,o)C 3.463(nt)-3.463 G .963(he other)-3.463 F .086 -(hand, refers to an)108 631.2 R 2.587(yj)-.15 G .087 +F0 3.464(,o)C 3.464(nt)-3.464 G .964(he other)-3.464 F .087 +(hand, refers to an)108 684 R 2.587(yj)-.15 G .087 (ob containing the string)-2.587 F F3(ce)2.587 E F0 .087 (in its command line.)2.587 F .087 -(If the substring matches more than one)5.087 F(job,)108 643.2 Q F3 -(bash)2.518 E F0 .018(reports an error)2.518 F 5.018(.T)-.55 G .018 +(If the substring matches more than one)5.087 F(job,)108 696 Q F3(bash) +2.518 E F0 .018(reports an error)2.518 F 5.018(.T)-.55 G .018 (he symbols)-5.018 F F3(%%)2.518 E F0(and)2.518 E F3(%+)2.518 E F0 .018 (refer to the shell')2.518 F 2.518(sn)-.55 G .018(otion of the)-2.518 F F5(curr)2.518 E .018(ent job)-.37 F F0 2.518(,w).23 G .018(hich is) --2.518 F .494(the last job stopped while it w)108 655.2 R .495 +-2.518 F .495(the last job stopped while it w)108 708 R .495 (as in the fore)-.1 F .495(ground or started in the background.)-.15 F -(The)5.495 E F5(pr)4.245 E -.15(ev)-.37 G .495(ious job).15 F F0 .495 -(may be)3.225 F .788(referenced using)108 667.2 R F3<25ad>3.288 E F0 -5.788(.I)C 3.288(ft)-5.788 G .787(here is only a single job,)-3.288 F F3 -(%+)3.287 E F0(and)3.287 E F3<25ad>3.287 E F0 .787 -(can both be used to refer to that job)3.287 F 5.787(.I)-.4 G(n)-5.787 E -.256(output pertaining to jobs \(e.g., the output of the)108 679.2 R F3 -(jobs)2.756 E F0 .256(command\), the current job is al)2.756 F -.1(wa) --.1 G .257(ys \215agged with a).1 F F3(+)2.757 E F0(,)A .411 -(and the pre)108 691.2 R .411(vious job with a)-.25 F F32.911 E F0 -5.411(.A)C .411(single % \(with no accompan)-2.5 F .41 -(ying job speci\214cation\) also refers to the cur)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(rent job)108 703.2 Q(.)-.4 E .443 -(Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the fore)108 720 R -(ground:)-.15 E F3(%1)2.944 E F0 .444(is a synon)2.944 F .444(ym for) --.15 F F3 -.63(``)2.944 G .444(fg %1').63 F(')-.63 E F0 2.944(,b)C -(ringing)-2.944 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(37)197.335 -E 0 Cg EP +(The)5.494 E F5(pr)4.244 E -.15(ev)-.37 G .494(ious job).15 F F0 .494 +(may be)3.224 F .787(referenced using)108 720 R F3<25ad>3.287 E F0 5.787 +(.I)C 3.287(ft)-5.787 G .787(here is only a single job,)-3.287 F F3(%+) +3.287 E F0(and)3.287 E F3<25ad>3.287 E F0 .788 +(can both be used to refer to that job)3.287 F 5.788(.I)-.4 G(n)-5.788 E +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(37)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 38 38 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.473 -(job 1 from the background into the fore)108 84 R 3.973 -(ground. Similarly)-.15 F(,)-.65 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.63(``)3.972 G -1.472(%1 &').63 F(')-.63 E F0 1.472(resumes job 1 in the background,) -3.972 F(equi)108 96 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G -(bg %1').63 E(')-.63 E F0(.)A .13(The shell learns immediately whene)108 -112.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.63(raj).15 G .13(ob changes state.)-2.63 F -(Normally)5.131 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)2.631 E F0 -.1(wa)2.631 G .131 -(its until it is about to print a).1 F .158 -(prompt before reporting changes in a job')108 124.8 R 2.658(ss)-.55 G -.158(tatus so as to not interrupt an)-2.658 F 2.657(yo)-.15 G .157 -(ther output.)-2.657 F .157(If the)5.157 F F12.657 E F0 .157 -(option to)2.657 F(the)108 136.8 Q F1(set)2.647 E F0 -.2(bu)2.647 G .147 -(iltin command is enabled,).2 F F1(bash)2.647 E F0 .148 -(reports such changes immediately)2.648 F 5.148(.A)-.65 G .448 -.15 -(ny t)-5.148 H .148(rap on).15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGCHLD)2.648 E F0 -.148(is e)2.398 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cuted for each child that e)108 -148.8 Q(xits.)-.15 E .033(If an attempt to e)108 165.6 R(xit)-.15 E F1 -(bash)2.533 E F0 .033(is made while jobs are stopped \(or)2.533 F 2.532 -(,i)-.4 G 2.532(ft)-2.532 G(he)-2.532 E F1(checkjobs)2.532 E F0 .032 -(shell option has been enabled)2.532 F 2.019(using the)108 177.6 R F1 -(shopt)4.519 E F0 -.2(bu)4.519 G 2.019 -(iltin, running\), the shell prints a w).2 F 2.02 -(arning message, and, if the)-.1 F F1(checkjobs)4.52 E F0 2.02 -(option is)4.52 F .459(enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses.)108 -189.6 R(The)5.459 E F1(jobs)2.959 E F0 .458 -(command may then be used to inspect their status.)2.958 F .458(If a) -5.458 F .603(second attempt to e)108 201.6 R .604 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .257 +(output pertaining to jobs \(e.g., the output of the)108 84 R/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(jobs)2.756 E F0 .256(command\), the current job is al) +2.756 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .256(ys \215agged with a).1 F F1(+)2.756 E F0(,)A +.41(and the pre)108 96 R .41(vious job with a)-.25 F F12.91 E F0 +5.41(.A)C .411(single % \(with no accompan)-2.5 F .411 +(ying job speci\214cation\) also refers to the cur)-.15 F(-)-.2 E +(rent job)108 108 Q(.)-.4 E .444 +(Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the fore)108 124.8 R +(ground:)-.15 E F1(%1)2.943 E F0 .443(is a synon)2.943 F .443(ym for) +-.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.943 G .443(fg %1').63 F(')-.63 E F0 2.943(,b)C +(ringing)-2.943 E 1.472(job 1 from the background into the fore)108 +136.8 R 3.972(ground. Similarly)-.15 F(,)-.65 E F1 -.63(``)3.973 G 1.473 +(%1 &').63 F(')-.63 E F0 1.473(resumes job 1 in the background,)3.973 F +(equi)108 148.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(bg %1') +.63 E(')-.63 E F0(.)A .131(The shell learns immediately whene)108 165.6 +R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.631(raj).15 G .131(ob changes state.)-2.631 F +(Normally)5.131 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)2.631 E F0 -.1(wa)2.63 G .13 +(its until it is about to print a).1 F .157 +(prompt before reporting changes in a job')108 177.6 R 2.657(ss)-.55 G +.157(tatus so as to not interrupt an)-2.657 F 2.658(yo)-.15 G .158 +(ther output.)-2.658 F .158(If the)5.158 F F12.658 E F0 .158 +(option to)2.658 F(the)108 189.6 Q F1(set)2.648 E F0 -.2(bu)2.648 G .148 +(iltin command is enabled,).2 F F1(bash)2.648 E F0 .148 +(reports such changes immediately)2.648 F 5.147(.A)-.65 G .447 -.15 +(ny t)-5.147 H .147(rap on).15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGCHLD)2.647 E F0 +.147(is e)2.397 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cuted for each child that e)108 +201.6 Q(xits.)-.15 E .032(If an attempt to e)108 218.4 R(xit)-.15 E F1 +(bash)2.532 E F0 .032(is made while jobs are stopped \(or)2.532 F 2.533 +(,i)-.4 G 2.533(ft)-2.533 G(he)-2.533 E F1(checkjobs)2.533 E F0 .033 +(shell option has been enabled)2.533 F 2.02(using the)108 230.4 R F1 +(shopt)4.52 E F0 -.2(bu)4.52 G 2.02 +(iltin, running\), the shell prints a w).2 F 2.019 +(arning message, and, if the)-.1 F F1(checkjobs)4.519 E F0 2.019 +(option is)4.519 F .458(enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses.)108 +242.4 R(The)5.458 E F1(jobs)2.958 E F0 .459 +(command may then be used to inspect their status.)2.958 F .459(If a) +5.459 F .604(second attempt to e)108 254.4 R .604 (xit is made without an interv)-.15 F .604 (ening command, the shell does not print another w)-.15 F(arning,)-.1 E -(and an)108 213.6 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(topped jobs are terminated.)-2.5 E -.645(When the shell is w)108 230.4 R .645 -(aiting for a job or process using the)-.1 F F1(wait)3.144 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.144 G .644(iltin, and job control is enabled,).2 F F1(wait)3.144 E F0 -(will)3.144 E 1.146(return when the job changes state. The)108 242.4 R +(and an)108 266.4 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(topped jobs are terminated.)-2.5 E +.644(When the shell is w)108 283.2 R .644 +(aiting for a job or process using the)-.1 F F1(wait)3.145 E F0 -.2(bu) +3.145 G .645(iltin, and job control is enabled,).2 F F1(wait)3.145 E F0 +(will)3.145 E 1.146(return when the job changes state. The)108 295.2 R F13.646 E F0 1.146(option causes)3.646 F F1(wait)3.646 E F0 1.146 (to w)3.646 F 1.146(ait until the job or process terminates)-.1 F -(before returning.)108 254.4 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 271.2 Q -(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .645(When e)108 283.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .645 -(cuting interacti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)3.145 E +(before returning.)108 307.2 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 324 Q +(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .644(When e)108 336 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .644 +(cuting interacti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)3.144 E F0 .645(displays the primary prompt)3.145 F F2(PS1)3.145 E F0 .645 -(when it is ready to read a command,)2.895 F .427 -(and the secondary prompt)108 295.2 R F2(PS2)2.927 E F0 .427 -(when it needs more input to complete a command.)2.677 F F1(Bash)5.428 E -F0(displays)2.928 E F2(PS0)2.928 E F0(after)2.678 E .038 -(it reads a command b)108 307.2 R .038(ut before e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.038(cuting it.).15 F F1(Bash)5.038 E F0(displays)2.537 E F2(PS4)2.537 E -F0 .037(as described abo)2.287 F .337 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .037 -(efore tracing each com-).15 F 1.121(mand when the)108 319.2 R F1 -3.621 E F0 1.122(option is enabled.)3.621 F F1(Bash)6.122 E F0(allo) +(when it is ready to read a command,)2.895 F .428 +(and the secondary prompt)108 348 R F2(PS2)2.928 E F0 .427 +(when it needs more input to complete a command.)2.678 F F1(Bash)5.427 E +F0(displays)2.927 E F2(PS0)2.927 E F0(after)2.677 E .037 +(it reads a command b)108 360 R .037(ut before e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.037(cuting it.).15 F F1(Bash)5.037 E F0(displays)2.537 E F2(PS4)2.538 E +F0 .038(as described abo)2.288 F .338 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .038 +(efore tracing each com-).15 F 1.122(mand when the)108 372 R F1 +3.622 E F0 1.122(option is enabled.)3.622 F F1(Bash)6.122 E F0(allo) 3.622 E 1.122(ws these prompt strings to be customized by inserting a) -.25 F(number of backslash-escaped special characters that are decoded \ -as follo)108 331.2 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1(\\a)144 343.2 Q F0 -(an ASCII bell character \(07\))180 343.2 Q F1(\\d)144 355.2 Q F0 -(the date in "W)180 355.2 Q(eekday Month Date" format \(e.g., "T)-.8 E -(ue May 26"\))-.45 E F1(\\D{)144 367.2 Q/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(format) -A F1(})A F0(the)180 379.2 Q F4(format)3.927 E F0 1.427(is passed to) -3.927 F F4(strftime)3.927 E F0 1.427 +as follo)108 384 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1(\\a)144 396 Q F0 +(an ASCII bell character \(07\))180 396 Q F1(\\d)144 408 Q F0 +(the date in "W)180 408 Q(eekday Month Date" format \(e.g., "T)-.8 E +(ue May 26"\))-.45 E F1(\\D{)144 420 Q/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(format)A +F1(})A F0(the)180 432 Q F4(format)3.926 E F0 1.426(is passed to)3.926 F +F4(strftime)3.926 E F0 1.427 (\(3\) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an)B(empty)180 -391.2 Q F4(format)2.5 E F0 +444 Q F4(format)2.5 E F0 (results in a locale-speci\214c time representation.)2.5 E -(The braces are required)5 E F1(\\e)144 403.2 Q F0 -(an ASCII escape character \(033\))180 403.2 Q F1(\\h)144 415.2 Q F0 -(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)180 415.2 Q(')-.7 E F1(\\H)144 427.2 -Q F0(the hostname)180 427.2 Q F1(\\j)144 439.2 Q F0 -(the number of jobs currently managed by the shell)180 439.2 Q F1(\\l) -144 451.2 Q F0(the basename of the shell')180 451.2 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G -(erminal de)-2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F1(\\n)144 463.2 Q F0(ne)180 463.2 Q -(wline)-.25 E F1(\\r)144 475.2 Q F0(carriage return)180 475.2 Q F1(\\s) -144 487.2 Q F0(the name of the shell, the basename of)180 487.2 Q F1($0) -2.5 E F0(\(the portion follo)2.5 E(wing the \214nal slash\))-.25 E F1 -(\\t)144 499.2 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)180 -499.2 Q F1(\\T)144 511.2 Q F0 -(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)180 511.2 Q F1(\\@)144 -523.2 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)180 523.2 Q F1(\\A) -144 535.2 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)180 535.2 Q F1 -(\\u)144 547.2 Q F0(the username of the current user)180 547.2 Q F1(\\v) -144 559.2 Q F0(the v)180 559.2 Q(ersion of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 -(\(e.g., 2.00\))2.5 E F1(\\V)144 571.2 Q F0(the release of)180 571.2 Q -F1(bash)2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C(ersion + patch le)-2.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 -(l\().15 G(e.g., 2.00.0\))-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 583.2 Q F0 .115 -(the current w)180 583.2 R .115(orking directory)-.1 F 2.615(,w)-.65 G -(ith)-2.615 E F2($HOME)2.615 E F0(abbre)2.365 E .116 -(viated with a tilde \(uses the v)-.25 F .116(alue of the)-.25 F F2(PR) -180 595.2 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)-.36 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable\)).25 E -F1(\\W)144 607.2 Q F0(the basename of the current w)180 607.2 Q -(orking directory)-.1 E 2.5(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.5 E F2($HOME)2.5 E F0 -(abbre)2.25 E(viated with a tilde)-.25 E F1(\\!)144 619.2 Q F0 -(the history number of this command)180 619.2 Q F1(\\#)144 631.2 Q F0 -(the command number of this command)180 631.2 Q F1(\\$)144 643.2 Q F0 -(if the ef)180 643.2 Q(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H(ID is 0, a).15 E -F1(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E(\\)144 655.2 Q F4 -(nnn)A F0(the character corresponding to the octal number)180 655.2 Q F4 -(nnn)2.5 E F1(\\\\)144 667.2 Q F0 2.5(ab)180 667.2 S(ackslash)-2.5 E F1 -(\\[)144 679.2 Q F0(be)180 679.2 Q 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing\ - characters, which could be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F -(control sequence into the prompt)180 691.2 Q F1(\\])144 703.2 Q F0 -(end a sequence of non-printing characters)180 703.2 Q .119 -(The command number and the history number are usually dif)108 720 R .12 -(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 -768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(38)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(The braces are required)5 E F1(\\e)144 456 Q F0 +(an ASCII escape character \(033\))180 456 Q F1(\\h)144 468 Q F0 +(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)180 468 Q(')-.7 E F1(\\H)144 480 Q F0 +(the hostname)180 480 Q F1(\\j)144 492 Q F0 +(the number of jobs currently managed by the shell)180 492 Q F1(\\l)144 +504 Q F0(the basename of the shell')180 504 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal de) +-2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F1(\\n)144 516 Q F0(ne)180 516 Q(wline)-.25 E F1 +(\\r)144 528 Q F0(carriage return)180 528 Q F1(\\s)144 540 Q F0 +(the name of the shell, the basename of)180 540 Q F1($0)2.5 E F0 +(\(the portion follo)2.5 E(wing the \214nal slash\))-.25 E F1(\\t)144 +552 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)180 552 Q F1(\\T) +144 564 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)180 564 Q F1 +(\\@)144 576 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)180 576 Q F1 +(\\A)144 588 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)180 588 Q F1 +(\\u)144 600 Q F0(the username of the current user)180 600 Q F1(\\v)144 +612 Q F0(the v)180 612 Q(ersion of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 +(\(e.g., 2.00\))2.5 E F1(\\V)144 624 Q F0(the release of)180 624 Q F1 +(bash)2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C(ersion + patch le)-2.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 +(l\().15 G(e.g., 2.00.0\))-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 636 Q F0 .116(the current w) +180 636 R .116(orking directory)-.1 F 2.616(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.616 E F2 +($HOME)2.616 E F0(abbre)2.366 E .115(viated with a tilde \(uses the v) +-.25 F .115(alue of the)-.25 F F2(PR)180 648 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)-.36 +E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable\)).25 E F1(\\W)144 660 Q F0 +(the basename of the current w)180 660 Q(orking directory)-.1 E 2.5(,w) +-.65 G(ith)-2.5 E F2($HOME)2.5 E F0(abbre)2.25 E(viated with a tilde) +-.25 E F1(\\!)144 672 Q F0(the history number of this command)180 672 Q +F1(\\#)144 684 Q F0(the command number of this command)180 684 Q F1(\\$) +144 696 Q F0(if the ef)180 696 Q(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H +(ID is 0, a).15 E F1(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E +(\\)144 708 Q F4(nnn)A F0 +(the character corresponding to the octal number)180 708 Q F4(nnn)2.5 E +F0(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(38)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 39 39 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.585(position in\ - the history list, which may include commands restored from the history\ - \214le \(see)108 84 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)4.084 E(OR)-.162 E(Y) --.315 E F0(belo)108 96 Q .541(w\), while the command number is the posi\ -tion in the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .541 -(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546(rent shell session.)108 108 R -.546(After the string is decoded, it is e)5.546 F .546 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(\\\\)144 84 Q F0 2.5(ab)180 84 S(ackslash)-2.5 E F1(\\[)144 96 Q F0 +(be)180 96 Q 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters, which cou\ +ld be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F(control sequence into the prompt) +180 108 Q F1(\\])144 120 Q F0(end a sequence of non-printing characters) +180 120 Q .12(The command number and the history number are usually dif) +108 136.8 R .119(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F +1.585(position in the history list, which may include commands restored\ + from the history \214le \(see)108 148.8 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST) +4.085 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)108 160.8 Q .541(w\), while the co\ +mmand number is the position in the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .54(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546 +(rent shell session.)108 172.8 R .546 +(After the string is decoded, it is e)5.546 F .546 (xpanded via parameter e)-.15 F .546(xpansion, command substitu-)-.15 F -.351(tion, arithmetic e)108 120 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F --.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F/F2 -10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .352 -(shell option \(see the)2.852 F .472(description of the)108 132 R F2 -(shopt)2.972 E F0 .471(command under)2.971 F F1 .471(SHELL B)2.971 F -(UIL)-.09 E .471(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.721 E 2.971(w\). This) --.25 F .471(can ha)2.971 F .771 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(nw).15 E(anted)-.1 E -.322(side ef)108 144 R .322(fects if escaped portions of the string app\ -ear within command substitution or contain characters spe-)-.25 F -(cial to w)108 156 Q(ord e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 -SF(READLINE)72 172.8 Q F0 .151 +.352(tion, arithmetic e)108 184.8 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F +-.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F F1 +(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .351(shell option \(see the)2.852 +F .471(description of the)108 196.8 R F1(shopt)2.971 E F0 .471 +(command under)2.971 F F2 .471(SHELL B)2.971 F(UIL)-.09 E .471 +(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.721 E 2.971(w\). This)-.25 F .472 +(can ha)2.972 F .772 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(nw).15 E(anted)-.1 E .322(side ef) +108 208.8 R .322(fects if escaped portions of the string appear within \ +command substitution or contain characters spe-)-.25 F(cial to w)108 +220.8 Q(ord e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE) +72 237.6 Q F0 .15 (This is the library that handles reading input when using an interacti) -108 184.8 R .45 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .15(hell, unless the).15 F F2 -(\255\255noediting)2.65 E F0(option)2.65 E 1.208(is gi)108 196.8 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.708(na).15 G 3.708(ts)-3.708 G 1.208(hell in)-3.708 F -.2 -(vo)-.4 G 3.708(cation. Line).2 F 1.208 -(editing is also used when using the)3.708 F F23.709 E F0 1.209 -(option to the)3.709 F F2 -.18(re)3.709 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.709 G -3.709(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 208.8 Q .851 +108 249.6 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F1 +(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E 1.209(is gi)108 261.6 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.709(na).15 G 3.709(ts)-3.709 G 1.209(hell in)-3.709 F +-.2(vo)-.4 G 3.709(cation. Line).2 F 1.208 +(editing is also used when using the)3.709 F F13.708 E F0 1.208 +(option to the)3.708 F F1 -.18(re)3.708 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.708 G +3.708(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 273.6 Q .851 (ault, the line editing commands are similar to those of Emacs.)-.1 F -3.351(Av)5.851 G .851(i-style line editing interf)-3.351 F .851 -(ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 220.8 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85 +3.351(Av)5.851 G .851(i-style line editing interf)-3.351 F .852 +(ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 285.6 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85 (editing can be enabled at an)3.35 F 3.35(yt)-.15 G .85(ime using the) --3.35 F F2 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F2 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0 -.85(options to the)3.35 F F2(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E -(\(see)108 232.8 Q F1 .763(SHELL B)3.263 F(UIL)-.09 E .763(TIN COMMANDS) --.828 F F0(belo)3.013 E 3.263(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of) +-3.35 F F1 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F1 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0 +.85(options to the)3.35 F F1(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E +(\(see)108 297.6 Q F2 .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762(TIN COMMANDS) +-.828 F F0(belo)3.012 E 3.262(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of) -3.263 F 3.263(fl)-.25 G .763 -(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F2(+o)3.262 E -(emacs)108 244.8 Q F0(or)2.5 E F2(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F2 -(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F2(Readline Notation)87 261.6 Q +(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F1(+o)3.263 E +(emacs)108 309.6 Q F0(or)2.5 E F1(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1 +(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(Readline Notation)87 326.4 Q F0 .463(In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote k) -108 273.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke) +108 338.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke) 2.963 G .463(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1 -(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A 1.153(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 285.6 R -(Similarly)6.153 E(,)-.65 E F4(meta)4.033 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153 -(ys are denoted by M\255)-.05 F F4 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.652(,s)C 3.652 -(oM)-3.652 G 1.152(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.652 F(\(On)6.152 E -.1(ke) -108 297.6 S .83(yboards without a)-.05 F F4(meta)3.71 E F0 -.1(ke)3.59 G -2.13 -.65(y, M)-.05 H.65 E F4(x)A F0 .83(means ESC)3.33 F F4(x)3.33 -E F0 3.33(,i)C .831(.e., press the Escape k)-3.33 F 1.131 -.15(ey t)-.1 -H .831(hen the).15 F F4(x)4.101 E F0 -.1(ke)3.861 G 4.631 -.65(y. T)-.05 -H .831(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .6(ESC the)108 309.6 R F4 .6(meta pr)3.1 F -(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.6(.T)C .6(he combination M\255C\255)-5.6 F F4(x)A F0 -.599(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F4(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp) --3.099 G .599(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .899 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .599 -(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 321.6 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H -(hile pressing the).15 E F4(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\)) -.65 E .619(Readline commands may be gi)108 338.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119 -(nn).15 G(umeric)-3.119 E F4(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G -.619(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.62 E(ho) -108 350.4 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.419 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.119(ti).4 G -3.119(st)-3.119 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619 +(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A 1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 350.4 R +(Similarly)6.152 E(,)-.65 E F4(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153 +(ys are denoted by M\255)-.05 F F4 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653 +(oM)-3.653 G 1.153(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke) +108 362.4 S .831(yboards without a)-.05 F F4(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke) +3.591 G 2.131 -.65(y, M)-.05 H.65 E F4(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F +F4(x)3.331 E F0 3.331(,i)C .83(.e., press the Escape k)-3.331 F 1.13 +-.15(ey t)-.1 H .83(hen the).15 F F4(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65 +(y. T)-.05 H .83(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 374.4 R F4 .599 +(meta pr)3.099 F(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.599(.T)C .599 +(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F4(x)A F0 .599 +(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F4(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp)-3.099 G +.6(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .9 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .6(hen hold).15 F +(the Control k)108 386.4 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H(hile pressing the).15 E F4 +(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\)).65 E .62 +(Readline commands may be gi)108 403.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119(nn).15 G +(umeric)-3.119 E F4(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G .619 +(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.619 E(ho)108 +415.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti).4 G +3.119(st)-3.118 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619 (gument that is signi\214cant.)-.18 F -.15(Pa)5.619 G .619(ssing a ne) .15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .919 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .619 -(ument to a command that).18 F 1.018(acts in the forw)108 362.4 R 1.018 -(ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F2(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518(\)c)C -1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.019 -(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.019 E(mands whose beha)108 374.4 Q +(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 427.2 R 1.018 +(ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F1(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518(\)c)C +1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.018 +(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 439.2 Q (vior with ar)-.2 E(guments de)-.18 E(viates from this are noted belo) --.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .812(When a command is described as)108 391.2 R F4 +-.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 456 R F4 (killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811 -(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .811 -(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.311(l\().25 G F4 -(yank-)-3.311 E(ing)108 403.2 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 -F .029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F4 +(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .812 +(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l\().25 G F4 +(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 468 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 F +.029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F4 .029(kill ring)B F0 5.029(.C)C(onsecuti)-5.029 E .329 -.15(ve k)-.25 H .029(ills cause the te).15 F .029(xt to be accumulated into one unit,) --.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 415.2 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F -.567(Commands which do not kill te)5.567 F .567 +-.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 480 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F .567 +(Commands which do not kill te)5.567 F .567 (xt separate the chunks of te)-.15 F .567(xt on the kill)-.15 F(ring.) -108 427.2 Q F2(Readline Initialization)87 444 Q F0 .091(Readline is cus\ -tomized by putting commands in an initialization \214le \(the)108 456 R -F4(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .092 -(name of this \214le)2.591 F .197(is tak)108 468 R .196(en from the v) --.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25 F F1(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0 -.25(va)2.446 G +108 492 Q F1(Readline Initialization)87 508.8 Q F0 .091(Readline is cus\ +tomized by putting commands in an initialization \214le \(the)108 520.8 +R F4(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .091 +(name of this \214le)2.591 F .196(is tak)108 532.8 R .196(en from the v) +-.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25 F F2(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0 -.25(va)2.446 G 2.696(riable. If).25 F .196(that v)2.696 F .196 (ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .196(ault is)-.1 F F4(~/.inputr)2.696 -E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .196(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which us\ +E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .197(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which us\ es the readline library starts up, the initialization \214le is read, a\ -nd the k)108 480 R 1.335 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.035(indings and).15 F -.25 -(va)108 492 S 1.15(riables are set.).25 F 1.15(There are only a fe)6.15 -F 3.649(wb)-.25 G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.149 -(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.149 E .736 -(lines are ignored.)108 504 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a) --.15 F F2(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737(Lines be)5.737 F -.737(ginning with a)-.15 F F2($)3.237 E F0 .737(indicate conditional) -3.237 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 516 R(lines denote k)2.5 E .3 -.15 -(ey b)-.1 H(indings and v).15 E(ariable settings.)-.25 E .987(The def) -108 532.8 R .987(ault k)-.1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .987 -(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F4(inputr)3.497 E(c)-.37 E F0 -3.487(\214le. Other)3.797 F .987(programs that use this library may) -3.487 F(add their o)108 544.8 Q(wn commands and bindings.)-.25 E -.15 -(Fo)108 561.6 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample, placing)-2.65 E -(M\255Control\255u: uni)144 578.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E -(gument)-.18 E(or)108 590.4 Q(C\255Meta\255u: uni)144 602.4 Q -.15(ve) --.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(into the)108 614.4 Q F4(inputr) -2.51 E(c)-.37 E F0 -.1(wo)2.81 G(uld mak).1 E 2.5(eM)-.1 G(\255C\255u e) --2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the readline command).15 E F4(univer)2.5 E -(sal\255ar)-.1 E(gument)-.37 E F0(.).68 E 1.26(The follo)108 631.2 R -1.261(wing symbolic character names are recognized:)-.25 F F4 -.4(RU) -3.761 G(BOUT).4 E F0(,)1.27 E F4(DEL)3.761 E F0(,).53 E F4(ESC)3.761 E -F0(,).72 E F4(LFD)3.761 E F0(,).28 E F4(NEWLINE)3.761 E F0(,).73 E F4 -(RET)3.761 E F0(,)1.27 E F4(RETURN)108 643.2 Q F0(,)1.1 E F4(SPC)2.5 E +nd the k)108 544.8 R 1.334 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.034(indings and).15 F -.25 +(va)108 556.8 S 1.149(riables are set.).25 F 1.149(There are only a fe) +6.149 F 3.649(wb)-.25 G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.15 +(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.15 E .737 +(lines are ignored.)108 568.8 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737 +(ginning with a)-.15 F F1(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737 +(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F1($)3.237 E F0 .736 +(indicate conditional)3.236 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 580.8 R +(lines denote k)2.5 E .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings and v).15 E +(ariable settings.)-.25 E .986(The def)108 597.6 R .986(ault k)-.1 F +-.15(ey)-.1 G .987(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F4(inputr) +3.497 E(c)-.37 E F0 3.487(\214le. 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F)108 112.8 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:) --.15 E(Control-u: uni)144 136.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E -(gument)-.18 E(Meta-Rubout: backw)144 148.8 Q(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E -(Control-o: "> output")144 160.8 Q .698(In the abo)108 177.6 R .998 -.15 -(ve ex)-.15 H(ample,).15 E F2(C\255u)3.038 E F0 .698 -(is bound to the function)3.448 F F1(uni)3.198 E -.1(ve)-.1 G -(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(,)A F2(M\255DEL)3.878 E F0 .698 -(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 189.6 Q F1 -(backward\255kill\255w)2.759 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.759(,a)C(nd)-2.759 E F2 -(C\255o)2.599 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.939 F .258 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(pressed \(a)108 84 +Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(macr)2.5 E(o)-.45 E F0(\).)A/F2 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(Readline K)87 100.8 Q(ey Bindings)-.25 E F0 .366 +(The syntax for controlling k)108 112.8 R .666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366 +(indings in the).15 F F1(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 E F0 .366 +(\214le is simple.)3.176 F .366(All that is required is the name of the) +5.366 F .263(command or the te)108 124.8 R .264(xt of a macro and a k) +-.15 F .564 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .264(equence to which it should be bound.) +.15 F .264(The name may be speci-)5.264 F .853(\214ed in one of tw)108 +136.8 R 3.353(ow)-.1 G .853(ays: as a symbolic k)-3.453 F 1.153 -.15 +(ey n)-.1 H .853(ame, possibly with).15 F F1(Meta\255)3.353 E F0(or) +3.353 E F1(Contr)3.353 E(ol\255)-.45 E F0(pre\214x)3.353 E .853 +(es, or as a k)-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 148.8 Q .16 +(When using the form)108 165.6 R F2 -.1(ke)2.66 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A F1 +(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.66 E F1(macr)2.66 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F1 +-.1(ke)2.66 G(yname)-.2 E F0 .161(is the name of a k)2.84 F .461 -.15 +(ey s)-.1 H .161(pelled out in Eng-).15 F 2.5(lish. 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Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G -(ther character in the macro te)-2.5 E(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E -F1(Bash)108 614.4 Q F0(allo)2.929 E .429(ws the current readline k)-.25 -F .729 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429 -(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F1(bind)2.93 E F0 --.2(bu)2.93 G .43(iltin command.).2 F .046 -(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 626.4 R .346 -.15 -(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F12.545 E F0 .045 -(option to the)2.545 F F1(set)2.545 E F0 -.2(bu)2.545 G .045 -(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 638.4 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E -(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1 -(Readline V)87 655.2 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .043(Readline has v)108 667.2 -R .043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F -(vior)-.2 E 5.043(.A)-.55 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .043 -(riable may be set in the).25 F F2(inpu-)2.554 E(tr)108 679.2 Q(c)-.37 E -F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F1(set)144 696 Q F2 -(variable\255name value)2.5 E F0(or using the)108 708 Q F1(bind)2.5 E F0 --.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command \(see).2 E F4(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E -(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E 3.694 -(Except where noted, readline v)108 724.8 R 3.694(ariables can tak)-.25 -F 6.193(et)-.1 G 3.693(he v)-6.193 F(alues)-.25 E F1(On)6.193 E F0(or) -6.193 E F1(Off)6.193 E F0 3.693(\(without re)6.193 F -.05(ga)-.15 G -3.693(rd to case\).).05 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E -(40)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +("\\C\255x\\C\255r": re\255read\255init\255\214le)144 355.2 Q +("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 367.2 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E .314 +(In this e)108 384 R(xample,)-.15 E F1(C\255u)2.654 E F0 .314(is ag) +3.064 F .315(ain bound to the function)-.05 F F2(uni)2.815 E -.1(ve)-.1 +G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 .315(C\255x C\255r)5.155 F F0 +.315(is bound to the func-)3.545 F(tion)108 396 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G +.18 E(ead\255init\255\214le)-.18 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1(ESC [ 1 1 ~) +3.01 E F0(is bound to insert the te)3.94 E(xt)-.15 E F3(Function Key 1) +2.5 E F0(.)A(The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is)108 +412.8 Q F2<5c43ad>144 424.8 Q F0(control pre\214x)180 424.8 Q F2<5c4dad> +144 436.8 Q F0(meta pre\214x)180 436.8 Q F2(\\e)144 448.8 Q F0 +(an escape character)180 448.8 Q F2(\\\\)144 460.8 Q F0(backslash)180 +460.8 Q F2(\\")144 472.8 Q F0(literal ")180 472.8 Q F2<5c08>144 484.8 Q +F0(literal \010)180 484.8 Q(In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape s\ +equences, a second set of backslash escapes is a)108 501.6 Q -.25(va)-.2 +G(ilable:).25 E F2(\\a)144 513.6 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 513.6 Q F2(\\b) +144 525.6 Q F0(backspace)180 525.6 Q F2(\\d)144 537.6 Q F0(delete)180 +537.6 Q F2(\\f)144 549.6 Q F0(form feed)180 549.6 Q F2(\\n)144 561.6 Q +F0(ne)180 561.6 Q(wline)-.25 E F2(\\r)144 573.6 Q F0(carriage return)180 +573.6 Q F2(\\t)144 585.6 Q F0(horizontal tab)180 585.6 Q F2(\\v)144 +597.6 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 597.6 S(rtical tab).15 E F2(\\)144 609.6 Q F1 +(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 609.6 Q +(alue is the octal v)-.25 E(alue)-.25 E F1(nnn)2.5 E F0 +(\(one to three digits\))2.5 E F2(\\x)144 621.6 Q F1(HH)A F0 +(the eight-bit character whose v)180 621.6 Q(alue is the he)-.25 E +(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F1(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh) +-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.142(When entering the te)108 +638.4 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double quotes must be used to in\ +dicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .089(Unquoted te)108 650.4 R .089 +(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 F .09(In the macro body)5.089 +F 2.59(,t)-.65 G .09(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.59 F -.15(ve) +-.15 G(are e)108 662.4 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5 +E 2.5(yo)-.15 G(ther character in the macro te)-2.5 E +(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E F2(Bash)108 679.2 Q F0(allo)2.93 E .43 +(ws the current readline k)-.25 F .73 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429 +(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F2(bind)2.929 E F0 +-.2(bu)2.929 G .429(iltin command.).2 F .045 +(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 691.2 R .345 -.15 +(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F22.546 E F0 .046 +(option to the)2.546 F F2(set)2.546 E F0 -.2(bu)2.546 G .046 +(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 703.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E +(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(40)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 41 41 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .24 -(Unrecognized v)108 84 R .24(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F .24 -(When a v)5.24 F .241(ariable v)-.25 F .241 -(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .241(alues, "on" \(case-)-.25 F -(insensiti)108 96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .636(\), and "1" are equi).15 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G .636(lent to).25 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(On)3.136 E F0 5.636 -(.A)C .636(ll other v)-5.636 F .636(alues are equi)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.636(lent to).25 F F1(Off)3.136 E F0 5.636(.T)C .636(he v)-5.636 F .635 -(ariables and their)-.25 F(def)108 108 Q(ault v)-.1 E(alues are:)-.25 E -F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 124.8 Q F0 .01 -(Controls what happens when readline w)144 136.8 R .011 -(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .011(If set to)5.011 F F1(none) -2.511 E F0 2.511(,r)C .011(eadline ne)-2.511 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E -.94(rings the bell.)144 148.8 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E -F0 3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25 -(va)-.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F1(audible)3.44 E F0 -(,)A(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 160.8 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G -(ell.)-2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 172.8 Q F0 -.055(If set to)144 184.8 R F1(On)2.555 E F0 2.555(,r)C .056(eadline att\ -empts to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.555 F -(ernel')-.1 E 2.556(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.556 E(nal dri)144 196.8 Q -.15 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(Readline V)87 84 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108 96 R +.043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F +(vior)-.2 E 5.043(.A)-.55 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .043 +(riable may be set in the).25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inpu-)2.553 E +(tr)108 108 Q(c)-.37 E F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F1 +(set)144 124.8 Q F2(variable\255name value)2.5 E F0(or using the)108 +136.8 Q F1(bind)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command \(see).2 E/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo) +2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E .79(Except where noted, readline v)108 153.6 R .79 +(ariables can tak)-.25 F 3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F(alues)-.25 E F1 +(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F1(Off)3.29 E F0 .79(\(without re)3.29 F -.05 +(ga)-.15 G .79(rd to case\).).05 F(Unrecog-)5.79 E .449(nized v)108 +165.6 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F .448(When a v)5.448 F +.448(ariable v)-.25 F .448(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .448 +(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)-.25 F(ti)108 177.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467 +(\), and "1" are equi).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(On) +2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468(ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25 +F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .468 +(he v)-5.468 F .468(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 +189.6 S(lues are:).25 E F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 206.4 Q F0 .011 +(Controls what happens when readline w)144 218.4 R .011 +(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .01(If set to)5.01 F F1(none)2.51 +E F0 2.51(,r)C .01(eadline ne)-2.51 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .94 +(rings the bell.)144 230.4 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E F0 +3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25(va) +-.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F1(audible)3.44 E F0(,)A +(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 242.4 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.) +-2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 254.4 Q F0 .056 +(If set to)144 266.4 R F1(On)2.556 E F0 2.556(,r)C .056(eadline attempt\ +s to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.556 F +(ernel')-.1 E 2.555(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.555 E(nal dri)144 278.4 Q -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(heir readline equi)-2.5 E -.25(va) --.25 G(lents.).25 E F1(blink\255matching\255par)108 208.8 Q(en \(Off\)) --.18 E F0 .21(If set to)144 220.8 R F1(On)2.71 E F0 2.71(,r)C .21 +-.25 G(lents.).25 E F1(blink\255matching\255par)108 290.4 Q(en \(Off\)) +-.18 E F0 .21(If set to)144 302.4 R F1(On)2.71 E F0 2.71(,r)C .21 (eadline attempts to brie\215y mo)-2.71 F .51 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .21 (he cursor to an opening parenthesis when a closing).15 F -(parenthesis is inserted.)144 232.8 Q F1(color)108 244.8 Q +(parenthesis is inserted.)144 314.4 Q F1(color)108 326.4 Q (ed\255completion\255pr)-.18 E(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .515(If set to) -144 256.8 R F1(On)3.015 E F0 3.015(,w)C .515(hen listing completions, r\ +144 338.4 R F1(On)3.015 E F0 3.015(,w)C .515(hen listing completions, r\ eadline displays the common pre\214x of the set of possible)-3.015 F -2.936(completions using a dif)144 268.8 R 2.936(ferent color)-.25 F -7.936(.T)-.55 G 2.936(he color de\214nitions are tak)-7.936 F 2.935 -(en from the v)-.1 F 2.935(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LS_COLORS)144 280.8 Q -F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(color)108 292.8 Q -(ed\255stats \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.579(If set to)144 304.8 R F1(On)4.079 E -F0 4.079(,r)C 1.579(eadline displays possible completions using dif) --4.079 F 1.58(ferent colors to indicate their \214le)-.25 F 2.5 -(type. The)144 316.8 R(color de\214nitions are tak)2.5 E(en from the v) --.1 E(alue of the)-.25 E F1(LS_COLORS)2.5 E F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 -E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(comment\255begin \(`)108 328.8 Q(`#')-.63 E('\)) --.63 E F0 .885(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 340.8 R -F1(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .884(command is e)3.384 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -3.384(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 352.8 Q F1 +2.935(completions using a dif)144 350.4 R 2.935(ferent color)-.25 F +7.936(.T)-.55 G 2.936(he color de\214nitions are tak)-7.936 F 2.936 +(en from the v)-.1 F 2.936(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LS_COLORS)144 362.4 Q +F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(color)108 374.4 Q +(ed\255stats \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.58(If set to)144 386.4 R F1(On)4.08 E +F0 4.08(,r)C 1.579(eadline displays possible completions using dif)-4.08 +F 1.579(ferent colors to indicate their \214le)-.25 F 2.5(type. The)144 +398.4 R(color de\214nitions are tak)2.5 E(en from the v)-.1 E +(alue of the)-.25 E F1(LS_COLORS)2.5 E F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E +(ariable.)-.25 E F1(comment\255begin \(`)108 410.4 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))-.63 +E F0 .884(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 422.4 R F1 +(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .885(command is e)3.385 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +3.385(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.385 E(mand is bound to)144 434.4 Q F1 (M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F1(#)2.5 E F0 (in vi command mode.)2.5 E F1(completion\255display\255width \(\2551\)) -108 364.8 Q F0 1.453(The number of screen columns used to display possi\ -ble matches when performing completion.)144 376.8 R .194(The v)144 388.8 +108 446.4 Q F0 1.453(The number of screen columns used to display possi\ +ble matches when performing completion.)144 458.4 R .193(The v)144 470.4 R .193(alue is ignored if it is less than 0 or greater than the termina\ -l screen width.)-.25 F 2.693(Av)5.193 G .193(alue of 0 will)-2.943 F -(cause matches to be displayed one per line.)144 400.8 Q(The def)5 E -(ault v)-.1 E(alue is \2551.)-.25 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 412.8 Q -(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 424.8 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5 +l screen width.)-.25 F 2.694(Av)5.194 G .194(alue of 0 will)-2.944 F +(cause matches to be displayed one per line.)144 482.4 Q(The def)5 E +(ault v)-.1 E(alue is \2551.)-.25 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 494.4 Q +(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 506.4 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5 (,r)C(eadline performs \214lename matching and completion in a case\255\ insensiti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.25 H(ashion.).05 E F1 -(completion\255map\255case \(Off\))108 436.8 Q F0 .093(If set to)144 -448.8 R F1(On)2.593 E F0 2.593(,a)C(nd)-2.593 E F1(completion\255ignor) +(completion\255map\255case \(Off\))108 518.4 Q F0 .094(If set to)144 +530.4 R F1(On)2.593 E F0 2.593(,a)C(nd)-2.593 E F1(completion\255ignor) 2.593 E(e\255case)-.18 E F0 .093(is enabled, readline treats h)2.593 F -.093(yphens \()-.05 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SFA F0 2.593(\)a)C .094 -(nd underscores)-2.593 F(\()144 460.8 Q F2(_)A F0 2.5(\)a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 -G(qui)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent when performing case\255insensiti).25 E -.3 -.15(ve \214)-.25 H(lename matching and completion.).15 E F1 -(completion\255pr)108 472.8 Q(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E -F0 .829(The length in characters of the common pre\214x of a list of po\ -ssible completions that is displayed)144 484.8 R 1.274 -(without modi\214cation.)144 496.8 R 1.274(When set to a v)6.274 F 1.274 -(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x)-.25 F 1.275 -(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 508.8 S(lue are replaced with a\ -n ellipsis when displaying possible completions.).25 E F1 -(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 520.8 Q F0 .53 -(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 532.8 R .529 -(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .56(erated by the) -144 544.8 R F1(possible\255completions)3.06 E F0 3.06(command. It)3.06 F -.561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.061(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.061 E .561(ger v) --.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 556.8 R -.783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or equal to \ -the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 568.8 S .237 +.093(yphens \()-.05 F F2A F0 2.593(\)a)C .093(nd underscores)-2.593 +F(\()144 542.4 Q F2(_)A F0 2.5(\)a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G(qui)-2.5 E -.25(va) +-.25 G(lent when performing case\255insensiti).25 E .3 -.15(ve \214)-.25 +H(lename matching and completion.).15 E F1(completion\255pr)108 554.4 Q +(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E F0 .829(The length in charact\ +ers of the common pre\214x of a list of possible completions that is di\ +splayed)144 566.4 R 1.275(without modi\214cation.)144 578.4 R 1.275 +(When set to a v)6.275 F 1.274(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x) +-.25 F 1.274(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 590.4 S(lue are rep\ +laced with an ellipsis when displaying possible completions.).25 E F1 +(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 602.4 Q F0 .529 +(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 614.4 R .53 +(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .561(erated by the) +144 626.4 R F1(possible\255completions)3.061 E F0 3.061(command. It) +3.061 F .561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.06(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.06 E .56 +(ger v)-.15 F .56(alue greater than or)-.25 F .782(equal to zero.)144 +638.4 R .783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or e\ +qual to the v)5.782 F .783(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 650.4 S .237 (riable, the user is ask).25 F .237(ed whether or not he wishes to vie) -.1 F 2.737(wt)-.25 G .237(hem; otherwise the)-2.737 F 2.737(ya)-.15 G -.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 580.8 Q F1(con)108 -592.8 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .613(If set to)144 604.8 -R F1(On)3.113 E F0 3.113(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.113 F -.15(ve)-.4 -G .613(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .912 --.15(ey s)-.1 H .612(equence by).15 F .541 +.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 662.4 Q F1(con)108 +674.4 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to)144 686.4 +R F1(On)3.112 E F0 3.112(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.112 F -.15(ve)-.4 +G .613(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .913 +-.15(ey s)-.1 H .613(equence by).15 F .541 (stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character \(in ef) -144 616.8 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F F2 .542(meta pr)3.042 -F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 628.8 Q F0 2.5(\). The)B(def)2.5 E(ault is)-.1 E F2 +144 698.4 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F F2 .541(meta pr)3.041 +F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 710.4 Q F0 2.5(\). The)B(def)2.5 E(ault is)-.1 E F2 (On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut readline will set it to)-2.7 E F2(Of)2.5 E(f) --.18 E F0(if the locale contains eight-bit characters.)2.5 E F1 -(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 640.8 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 652.8 R -F1(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038 -(ord completion.)-.1 F .038 -(Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the) -144 664.8 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 676.8 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0 -1.21(When set to)144 688.8 R F1(On)3.71 E F0 3.71(,o)C 3.71(no)-3.71 G -1.211(perating systems that indicate the)-3.71 F 3.711(ys)-.15 G 1.211 -(upport it, readline echoes a character)-3.711 F -(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 700.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 -G(board.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(41)197.335 E -0 Cg EP +-.18 E F0(if the locale contains eight-bit characters.)2.5 E +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(41)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 42 42 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 84 Q F0 .142 -(Controls whether readline be)144 96 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 F +SF(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 84 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 96 R F1 +(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038 +(ord completion.)-.1 F .038 +(Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the) +144 108 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0 +(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 120 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0 1.211 +(When set to)144 132 R F1(On)3.711 E F0 3.711(,o)C 3.711(no)-3.711 G +1.211(perating systems that indicate the)-3.711 F 3.711(ys)-.15 G 1.21 +(upport it, readline echoes a character)-3.711 F +(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 144 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G +(board.).15 E F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 156 Q F0 .141 +(Controls whether readline be)144 168 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 F .441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF(Emacs)2.641 E F0(or)2.641 E F2(vi)2.641 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode) -5.141 E F0(can be set to either)144 108 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1 -(vi)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(emacs\255mode\255string \(@\))108 120 Q F0 .517 -(If the)144 132 R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.017 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 --.25(va)3.017 G .518 +SF(Emacs)2.642 E F0(or)2.642 E F2(vi)2.642 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode) +5.142 E F0(can be set to either)144 180 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1 +(vi)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(emacs\255mode\255string \(@\))108 192 Q F0 .518 +(If the)144 204 R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.018 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 +-.25(va)3.018 G .517 (riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the).25 F .622(last line of the primary prompt when emacs editing mode is acti) -144 144 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.622(.T).15 G .622(he v)-5.622 F .621 -(alue is e)-.25 F .621(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.121(ea)-.1 G -.1(ke)144 156 -S 3.339(yb)-.05 G .839 -(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x)-3.339 F .84 -(es and backslash escape sequences is)-.15 F -.2(av)144 168 S 2.798 +144 216 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.622(.T).15 G .622(he v)-5.622 F .622 +(alue is e)-.25 F .622(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.122(ea)-.1 G -.1(ke)144 228 +S 3.34(yb)-.05 G .839 +(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x)-3.34 F .839 +(es and backslash escape sequences is)-.15 F -.2(av)144 240 S 2.798 (ailable. Use)-.05 F .298(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.798 F .298 (gin and end sequences of non-printing characters, which)-.15 F (can be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the mode string.) -144 180 Q F1(enable\255brack)108 192 Q(eted\255paste \(Off\))-.1 E F0 -1.221(When set to)144 204 R F1(On)3.721 E F0 3.721(,r)C 1.221 +144 252 Q F1(enable\255brack)108 264 Q(eted\255paste \(Off\))-.1 E F0 +1.222(When set to)144 276 R F1(On)3.721 E F0 3.721(,r)C 1.221 (eadline will con\214gure the terminal in a w)-3.721 F 1.221 (ay that will enable it to insert each)-.1 F .353 -(paste into the editing b)144 216 R(uf)-.2 E .353(fer as a single strin\ -g of characters, instead of treating each character as if)-.25 F .543 -(it had been read from the k)144 228 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.043(board. This) -.15 F .543(can pre)3.043 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .544 +(paste into the editing b)144 288 R(uf)-.2 E .353(fer as a single strin\ +g of characters, instead of treating each character as if)-.25 F .544 +(it had been read from the k)144 300 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.043(board. This) +.15 F .543(can pre)3.043 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .543 (nt pasted characters from being interpreted as).15 F(editing commands.) -144 240 Q F1(enable\255k)108 252 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .893 -(When set to)144 264 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893 +144 312 Q F1(enable\255k)108 324 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .892 +(When set to)144 336 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893 (eadline will try to enable the application k)-3.393 F -.15(ey)-.1 G -.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .892(Some sys-)5.893 F -(tems need this to enable the arro)144 276 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6 -G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 288 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64 -(When set to)144 300 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64 +.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .893(Some sys-)5.893 F +(tems need this to enable the arro)144 348 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6 +G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 360 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64 +(When set to)144 372 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64 (eadline will try to enable an)-3.14 F 3.14(ym)-.15 G .64 (eta modi\214er k)-3.14 F .94 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .64 -(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 312 Q +(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 384 Q (On man)5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G(erminals, the meta k)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.5(su).15 G(sed to send eight-bit characters.)-2.5 E F1 -(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 324 Q F0(If set to)144 336 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 +(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 396 Q F0(If set to)144 408 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E(xpansion is performed when readline attempts w) --.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 348 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1 -(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.339(If set to)144 360 R F1(On) -3.839 E F0 3.839(,t)C 1.338(he history code attempts to place point at \ -the same location on each history line)-3.839 F(retrie)144 372 Q -.15 +-.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 420 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1 +(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.338(If set to)144 432 R F1(On) +3.838 E F0 3.838(,t)C 1.338(he history code attempts to place point at \ +the same location on each history line)-3.838 F(retrie)144 444 Q -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E -.15(ev)-.18 G (ious-history).15 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(history\255size \(unset\))108 384 Q F0 .948 -(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 396 R -.15(ve)-.2 G -3.448(di).15 G 3.448(nt)-3.448 G .948(he history list.)-3.448 F .949 -(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.449(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.599 E .483 -(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 408 R 2.983(we)-.25 G .483 -(ntries are sa)-2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .482(set to a v) -2.983 F .482(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F .277 -(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 420 R .277(By def)5.277 F -.278(ault, the number of history entries is set to the v)-.1 F .278 -(alue of)-.25 F(the)144 432 Q F1(HISTSIZE)3.411 E F0 .911(shell v)3.411 -F 3.411(ariable. If)-.25 F .911(an attempt is made to set)3.411 F F2 -(history\255size)3.41 E F0 .91(to a non-numeric v)3.41 F(alue,)-.25 E -(the maximum number of history entries will be set to 500.)144 444 Q F1 -(horizontal\255scr)108 456 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .448 -(When set to)144 468 R F1(On)2.948 E F0 2.948(,m)C(ak)-2.948 E .448 -(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .449 +(history\255size \(unset\))108 456 Q F0 .949 +(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 468 R -.15(ve)-.2 G +3.448(di).15 G 3.448(nt)-3.448 G .948(he history list.)-3.448 F .948 +(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.448(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.598 E .482 +(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 480 R 2.982(we)-.25 G .483 +(ntries are sa)-2.982 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .483(set to a v) +2.983 F .483(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F .278 +(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 492 R .277(By def)5.278 F +.277(ault, the number of history entries is set to the v)-.1 F .277 +(alue of)-.25 F(the)144 504 Q F1(HISTSIZE)3.41 E F0 .91(shell v)3.41 F +3.41(ariable. If)-.25 F .911(an attempt is made to set)3.41 F F2 +(history\255size)3.411 E F0 .911(to a non-numeric v)3.411 F(alue,)-.25 E +(the maximum number of history entries will be set to 500.)144 516 Q F1 +(horizontal\255scr)108 528 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .449 +(When set to)144 540 R F1(On)2.949 E F0 2.949(,m)C(ak)-2.949 E .448 +(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .448 (crolling the input horizontally on a)-2.948 F 1.194(single screen line\ when it becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a\ - ne)144 480 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 492 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 504 -Q F0 1.061(If set to)144 516 R F1(On)3.561 E F0 3.561(,r)C 1.062(eadlin\ + ne)144 552 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 564 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 576 +Q F0 1.062(If set to)144 588 R F1(On)3.562 E F0 3.562(,r)C 1.061(eadlin\ e will enable eight-bit input \(that is, it will not strip the eighth b\ -it from the)-3.561 F .336(characters it reads\), re)144 528 R -.05(ga) +it from the)-3.562 F .335(characters it reads\), re)144 600 R -.05(ga) -.15 G .335(rdless of what the terminal claims it can support.).05 F -.335(The name)5.335 F F1(meta\255\215ag)2.835 E F0(is)2.835 E 2.864(as) -144 540 S(ynon)-2.864 E .364(ym for this v)-.15 F 2.864(ariable. The) +.336(The name)5.336 F F1(meta\255\215ag)2.836 E F0(is)2.836 E 2.865(as) +144 612 S(ynon)-2.865 E .365(ym for this v)-.15 F 2.864(ariable. The) -.25 F(def)2.864 E .364(ault is)-.1 F F2(Of)2.864 E(f)-.18 E F0 2.864 -(,b)C .364(ut readline will set it to)-3.064 F F2(On)2.864 E F0 .365 -(if the locale contains)2.865 F(eight-bit characters.)144 552 Q F1 -(isear)108 564 Q(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\)) +(,b)C .364(ut readline will set it to)-3.064 F F2(On)2.864 E F0 .364 +(if the locale contains)2.864 F(eight-bit characters.)144 624 Q F1 +(isear)108 636 Q(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\)) -.63 E F0 .439(The string of characters that should terminate an increm\ -ental search without subsequently e)144 576 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E -.934(ing the character as a command.)144 588 R .935(If this v)5.935 F -.935(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.435(nav).15 G .935 -(alue, the characters)-3.685 F F2(ESC)3.435 E F0(and)144 600 Q F2 +ental search without subsequently e)144 648 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E +.935(ing the character as a command.)144 660 R .935(If this v)5.935 F +.935(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.434(nav).15 G .934 +(alue, the characters)-3.684 F F2(ESC)3.434 E F0(and)144 672 Q F2 (C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.)2.5 E F1 -.1(ke) -108 612 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.021(Set the current readline k)144 -624 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021 -(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.02 -(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.52 F(d,)-.37 E .068 -(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 636 R F0 2.568(,a)C +108 684 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.02(Set the current readline k)144 696 +R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021 +(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.021 +(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.521 F(d,)-.37 E .069 +(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 708 R F0 2.568(,a)C (nd)-2.568 E F2(vi\255insert)2.568 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.068 E F0 .068 (is equi)2.568 F -.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command) -2.569 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.569 E F0 1.544(is equi)144 648 R -.25(va)-.25 -G 1.544(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C +2.568 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.568 E F0 1.543(is equi)144 720 R -.25(va)-.25 +G 1.543(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C 1.544(he def)-6.544 F 1.544(ault v)-.1 F 1.544(alue is)-.25 F F2(emacs) 4.044 E F0 4.044(;t).27 G 1.544(he v)-4.044 F 1.544(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(editing\255mode)4.043 E F0(also)4.043 E(af)144 660 Q(fects the def)-.25 -E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1 -.1(ke)108 672 S -(yseq\255timeout \(500\)).1 E F0 .367(Speci\214es the duration)144 684 R -F2 -.37(re)2.867 G(adline).37 E F0 .367(will w)2.867 F .367 -(ait for a character when reading an ambiguous k)-.1 F .668 -.15(ey s) --.1 H(equence).15 E 1.356(\(one that can form a complete k)144 696 R -1.656 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.356(equence using the input read so f).15 F(ar) --.1 E 3.856(,o)-.4 G 3.856(rc)-3.856 G 1.355(an tak)-3.856 F 3.855(ea) --.1 G(dditional)-3.855 E .32(input to complete a longer k)144 708 R .62 --.15(ey s)-.1 H 2.82(equence\). If).15 F .32(no input is recei)2.82 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(dw).15 G .32(ithin the timeout,)-2.82 F F2 -.37(re) -2.82 G(adline).37 E F0(will)2.82 E .907(use the shorter b)144 720 R .907 -(ut complete k)-.2 F 1.207 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.407(equence. The).15 F -.25 -(va)3.407 G .907(lue is speci\214ed in milliseconds, so a v).25 F .906 -(alue of)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(42)197.335 E -0 Cg EP +(editing\255mode)4.044 E F0(also)4.044 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q +(2019 June 21)148.175 E(42)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 43 43 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .05 -(1000 means that)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)2.55 G(adline) +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(af)144 84 Q +(fects the def)-.25 E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF -.1(ke)108 96 S(yseq\255timeout \(500\)).1 E F0 .368 +(Speci\214es the duration)144 108 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re) +2.867 G(adline).37 E F0 .367(will w)2.867 F .367 +(ait for a character when reading an ambiguous k)-.1 F .667 -.15(ey s) +-.1 H(equence).15 E 1.356(\(one that can form a complete k)144 120 R +1.656 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.356(equence using the input read so f).15 F(ar) +-.1 E 3.856(,o)-.4 G 3.856(rc)-3.856 G 1.356(an tak)-3.856 F 3.856(ea) +-.1 G(dditional)-3.856 E .32(input to complete a longer k)144 132 R .62 +-.15(ey s)-.1 H 2.82(equence\). If).15 F .32(no input is recei)2.82 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(dw).15 G .32(ithin the timeout,)-2.82 F F2 -.37(re) +2.82 G(adline).37 E F0(will)2.82 E .906(use the shorter b)144 144 R .907 +(ut complete k)-.2 F 1.207 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.407(equence. The).15 F -.25 +(va)3.407 G .907(lue is speci\214ed in milliseconds, so a v).25 F .907 +(alue of)-.25 F .05(1000 means that)144 156 R F2 -.37(re)2.55 G(adline) .37 E F0 .05(will w)2.55 F .05(ait one second for additional input.)-.1 F .05(If this v)5.05 F .05(ariable is set to a v)-.25 F(alue)-.25 E .051 -(less than or equal to zero, or to a non-numeric v)144 96 R(alue,)-.25 E -F1 -.37(re)2.551 G(adline).37 E F0 .051(will w)2.551 F .051 -(ait until another k)-.1 F .351 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.551(sp).15 G(ressed) --2.551 E(to decide which k)144 108 Q .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H -(equence to complete.).15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(mark\255dir)108 120 Q -(ectories \(On\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 132 Q F2(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C +(less than or equal to zero, or to a non-numeric v)144 168 R(alue,)-.25 +E F2 -.37(re)2.551 G(adline).37 E F0 .051(will w)2.551 F .051 +(ait until another k)-.1 F .352 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.552(sp).15 G(ressed) +-2.552 E(to decide which k)144 180 Q .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H +(equence to complete.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 192 Q(ectories \(On\)) +-.18 E F0(If set to)144 204 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C (ompleted directory names ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a s)-.2 H(lash appended.) -.15 E F2(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 144 Q F0(If set to)144 -156 Q F2(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b) --.2 H(een modi\214ed are displayed with a preceding asterisk \().15 E F2 -(*)A F0(\).)A F2(mark\255symlink)108 168 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E -(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 180 R F2(On)2.675 E F0 +.15 E F1(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 216 Q F0(If set to)144 +228 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b) +-.2 H(een modi\214ed are displayed with a preceding asterisk \().15 E F1 +(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 240 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E +(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 252 R F1(On)2.675 E F0 2.675(,c)C .175 (ompleted names which are symbolic links to directories ha)-2.675 F .475 --.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 192 -Q(alue of)-.25 E F2(mark\255dir)2.5 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(\).)A F2 -(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 204 Q F0 .193(This v)144 216 R -.193(ariable, when set to)-.25 F F2(On)2.693 E F0 2.693(,c)C .192 -(auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.693 F .192 -(gin with a `.)-.15 F 2.692('\()-.7 G(hidden)-2.692 E .456 -(\214les\) when performing \214lename completion.)144 228 R .456 -(If set to)5.456 F F2(Off)2.956 E F0 2.956(,t)C .456(he leading `.) --2.956 F 2.956('m)-.7 G .457(ust be supplied by the)-2.956 F -(user in the \214lename to be completed.)144 240 Q F2 -(menu\255complete\255display\255pr)108 252 Q(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 -1.586(If set to)144 264 R F2(On)4.086 E F0 4.086(,m)C 1.585(enu complet\ +-.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 264 +Q(alue of)-.25 E F1(mark\255dir)2.5 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(\).)A F1 +(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 276 Q F0 .192(This v)144 288 R +.192(ariable, when set to)-.25 F F1(On)2.692 E F0 2.692(,c)C .192 +(auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.692 F .193 +(gin with a `.)-.15 F 2.693('\()-.7 G(hidden)-2.693 E .457 +(\214les\) when performing \214lename completion.)144 300 R .456 +(If set to)5.456 F F1(Off)2.956 E F0 2.956(,t)C .456(he leading `.) +-2.956 F 2.956('m)-.7 G .456(ust be supplied by the)-2.956 F +(user in the \214lename to be completed.)144 312 Q F1 +(menu\255complete\255display\255pr)108 324 Q(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 +1.585(If set to)144 336 R F1(On)4.085 E F0 4.085(,m)C 1.585(enu complet\ ion displays the common pre\214x of the list of possible completions) --4.086 F(\(which may be empty\) before c)144 276 Q -(ycling through the list.)-.15 E F2(output\255meta \(Off\))108 288 Q F0 -.506(If set to)144 300 R F2(On)3.006 E F0 3.006(,r)C .507(eadline will \ +-4.085 F(\(which may be empty\) before c)144 348 Q +(ycling through the list.)-.15 E F1(output\255meta \(Off\))108 360 Q F0 +.507(If set to)144 372 R F1(On)3.007 E F0 3.007(,r)C .507(eadline will \ display characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than as a me\ -ta-)-3.006 F(pre\214x)144 312 Q .885(ed escape sequence.)-.15 F .884 -(The def)5.884 F .884(ault is)-.1 F F1(Of)3.384 E(f)-.18 E F0 3.384(,b)C -.884(ut readline will set it to)-3.584 F F1(On)3.384 E F0 .884 -(if the locale contains)3.384 F(eight-bit characters.)144 324 Q F2 -(page\255completions \(On\))108 336 Q F0 .808(If set to)144 348 R F2(On) -3.308 E F0 3.308(,r)C .808(eadline uses an internal)-3.308 F F1(mor) +ta-)-3.007 F(pre\214x)144 384 Q .884(ed escape sequence.)-.15 F .884 +(The def)5.884 F .884(ault is)-.1 F F2(Of)3.384 E(f)-.18 E F0 3.384(,b)C +.884(ut readline will set it to)-3.584 F F2(On)3.384 E F0 .885 +(if the locale contains)3.384 F(eight-bit characters.)144 396 Q F1 +(page\255completions \(On\))108 408 Q F0 .809(If set to)144 420 R F1(On) +3.308 E F0 3.308(,r)C .808(eadline uses an internal)-3.308 F F2(mor) 3.308 E(e)-.37 E F0(-lik)A 3.308(ep)-.1 G .808 (ager to display a screenful of possible comple-)-3.308 F -(tions at a time.)144 360 Q F2 -(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 372 Q F0 1.319 -(If set to)144 384 R F2(On)3.819 E F0 3.819(,r)C 1.318(eadline will dis\ -play completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical)-3.819 -F(order)144 396 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E(wn the screen.)-.25 -E F2 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 408 T(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E -F0 .698(If set to)144 420 R F2(On)3.198 E F0 3.198(,r)C .699 +(tions at a time.)144 432 Q F1 +(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 444 Q F0 1.318 +(If set to)144 456 R F1(On)3.818 E F0 3.818(,r)C 1.319(eadline will dis\ +play completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical)-3.818 +F(order)144 468 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E(wn the screen.)-.25 +E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 480 T(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E +F0 .699(If set to)144 492 R F1(On)3.199 E F0 3.199(,r)C .699 (eadline will undo all changes to history lines before returning when) --3.198 F F2(accept\255line)3.199 E F0(is)3.199 E -.15(exe)144 432 S +-3.199 F F1(accept\255line)3.198 E F0(is)3.198 E -.15(exe)144 504 S 2.686(cuted. By).15 F(def)2.686 E .186 (ault, history lines may be modi\214ed and retain indi)-.1 F .186 -(vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F F2 -.18(re)144 444 S(adline) -.18 E F0(.)A F2(sho)108 456 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E -F0 .303(This alters the def)144 468 R .303(ault beha)-.1 F .304 -(vior of the completion functions.)-.2 F .304(If set to)5.304 F F2(On) -2.804 E F0 2.804(,w)C .304(ords which ha)-2.904 F .604 -.15(ve m)-.2 H +(vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)144 516 S(adline) +.18 E F0(.)A F1(sho)108 528 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E +F0 .304(This alters the def)144 540 R .304(ault beha)-.1 F .304 +(vior of the completion functions.)-.2 F .304(If set to)5.304 F F1(On) +2.804 E F0 2.803(,w)C .303(ords which ha)-2.903 F .603 -.15(ve m)-.2 H (ore).15 E 1.264(than one possible completion cause the matches to be l\ -isted immediately instead of ringing the)144 480 R(bell.)144 492 Q F2 -(sho)108 504 Q(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.345 -(This alters the def)144 516 R 5.345(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345 -(vior of the completion functions in a f)-.2 F 5.346(ashion similar to) --.1 F F2(sho)144 528 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.691(.I)C -4.191(fs)-6.691 G 1.691(et to)-4.191 F F2(On)4.191 E F0 4.191(,w)C 1.691 +isted immediately instead of ringing the)144 552 R(bell.)144 564 Q F1 +(sho)108 576 Q(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.346 +(This alters the def)144 588 R 5.346(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345 +(vior of the completion functions in a f)-.2 F 5.345(ashion similar to) +-.1 F F1(sho)144 600 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.69(.I)C +4.19(fs)-6.69 G 1.691(et to)-4.19 F F1(On)4.191 E F0 4.191(,w)C 1.691 (ords which ha)-4.291 F 1.991 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.691 -(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.039(without an)144 540 R 3.539 +(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.04(without an)144 612 R 3.54 (yp)-.15 G 1.039 -(ossible partial completion \(the possible completions don')-3.539 F -3.539(ts)-.18 G 1.04(hare a common pre\214x\))-3.539 F(cause the matche\ -s to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 552 Q F2 -(sho)108 564 Q(w\255mode\255in\255pr)-.1 E(ompt \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.022 -(If set to)144 576 R F2(On)3.522 E F0 3.522(,a)C 1.022 -(dd a string to the be)-3.522 F 1.021 +(ossible partial completion \(the possible completions don')-3.54 F +3.539(ts)-.18 G 1.039(hare a common pre\214x\))-3.539 F(cause the match\ +es to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 624 Q F1 +(sho)108 636 Q(w\255mode\255in\255pr)-.1 E(ompt \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.021 +(If set to)144 648 R F1(On)3.521 E F0 3.521(,a)C 1.022 +(dd a string to the be)-3.521 F 1.022 (ginning of the prompt indicating the editing mode: emacs, vi)-.15 F -(command, or vi insertion.)144 588 Q(The mode strings are user)5 E -(-settable \(e.g.,)-.2 E F1(emacs\255mode\255string)2.5 E F0(\).)A F2 -(skip\255completed\255text \(Off\))108 600 Q F0 .094(If set to)144 612 R -F2(On)2.594 E F0 2.594(,t)C .095(his alters the def)-2.594 F .095 -(ault completion beha)-.1 F .095 -(vior when inserting a single match into the line.)-.2 F(It')144 624 Q -2.546(so)-.55 G .046(nly acti)-2.546 F .346 -.15(ve w)-.25 H .046 -(hen performing completion in the middle of a w).15 F 2.545(ord. If)-.1 -F .045(enabled, readline does not)2.545 F 1.394(insert characters from \ -the completion that match characters after point in the w)144 636 R -1.395(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, so portions of the w)144 648 Q -(ord follo)-.1 E(wing the cursor are not duplicated.)-.25 E F2 -(vi\255cmd\255mode\255string \(\(cmd\)\))108 660 Q F0 .518(If the)144 -672 R F1(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.018 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 -.25(va)3.018 G -.517(riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the) -.25 F .475(last line of the primary prompt when vi editing mode is acti) -144 684 R .775 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .476(nd in command mode.).15 F .476 -(The v)5.476 F(alue)-.25 E 1.236(is e)144 696 R 1.236(xpanded lik)-.15 F -3.736(eak)-.1 G 1.536 -.15(ey b)-3.836 H 1.236 -(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x).15 F 1.235 -(es and backslash)-.15 F .314(escape sequences is a)144 708 R -.25(va) --.2 G 2.814(ilable. Use).25 F .314(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.814 F -.315(gin and end sequences of non-print-)-.15 F(ing characters, which c\ -an be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the mode string.) -144 720 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(43)197.335 E 0 Cg -EP +(command, or vi insertion.)144 660 Q(The mode strings are user)5 E +(-settable \(e.g.,)-.2 E F2(emacs\255mode\255string)2.5 E F0(\).)A F1 +(skip\255completed\255text \(Off\))108 672 Q F0 .095(If set to)144 684 R +F1(On)2.595 E F0 2.595(,t)C .095(his alters the def)-2.595 F .095 +(ault completion beha)-.1 F .094 +(vior when inserting a single match into the line.)-.2 F(It')144 696 Q +2.545(so)-.55 G .045(nly acti)-2.545 F .345 -.15(ve w)-.25 H .046 +(hen performing completion in the middle of a w).15 F 2.546(ord. If)-.1 +F .046(enabled, readline does not)2.546 F 1.394(insert characters from \ +the completion that match characters after point in the w)144 708 R +1.394(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, so portions of the w)144 720 Q +(ord follo)-.1 E(wing the cursor are not duplicated.)-.25 E +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(43)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 44 44 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(vi\255ins\255mode\255string \(\(ins\)\))108 84 Q F0 .518(If the)144 -96 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.018 E(ompt)-.45 -E F0 -.25(va)3.018 G .517 +SF(vi\255cmd\255mode\255string \(\(cmd\)\))108 84 Q F0 .517(If the)144 +96 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.017 E(ompt)-.45 +E F0 -.25(va)3.017 G .518 +(riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the).25 +F .475(last line of the primary prompt when vi editing mode is acti)144 +108 R .775 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .475(nd in command mode.).15 F .475(The v) +5.475 F(alue)-.25 E 1.235(is e)144 120 R 1.235(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.735 +(eak)-.1 G 1.535 -.15(ey b)-3.835 H 1.236 +(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x).15 F 1.236 +(es and backslash)-.15 F .315(escape sequences is a)144 132 R -.25(va) +-.2 G 2.815(ilable. Use).25 F .314(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.815 F +.314(gin and end sequences of non-print-)-.15 F(ing characters, which c\ +an be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the mode string.) +144 144 Q F1(vi\255ins\255mode\255string \(\(ins\)\))108 156 Q F0 .517 +(If the)144 168 R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.017 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 +-.25(va)3.017 G .518 (riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the).25 F .186(last line of the primary prompt when vi editing mode is acti)144 -108 R .486 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .186(nd in insertion mode.).15 F .187(The v) -5.186 F .187(alue is)-.25 F -.15(ex)144 120 S 1.93(panded lik).15 F 4.43 -(eak)-.1 G 2.23 -.15(ey b)-4.53 H 1.929 -(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x).15 F 1.929 -(es and backslash)-.15 F .314(escape sequences is a)144 132 R -.25(va) --.2 G 2.814(ilable. Use).25 F .314(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.814 F -.315(gin and end sequences of non-print-)-.15 F(ing characters, which c\ +180 R .486 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .186(nd in insertion mode.).15 F .186(The v) +5.186 F .186(alue is)-.25 F -.15(ex)144 192 S 1.929(panded lik).15 F +4.429(eak)-.1 G 2.229 -.15(ey b)-4.529 H 1.929 +(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x).15 F 1.93 +(es and backslash)-.15 F .315(escape sequences is a)144 204 R -.25(va) +-.2 G 2.815(ilable. Use).25 F .314(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.815 F +.314(gin and end sequences of non-print-)-.15 F(ing characters, which c\ an be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the mode string.) -144 144 Q F1(visible\255stats \(Off\))108 156 Q F0 .847(If set to)144 -168 R F1(On)3.346 E F0 3.346(,ac)C .846(haracter denoting a \214le') +144 216 Q F1(visible\255stats \(Off\))108 228 Q F0 .846(If set to)144 +240 R F1(On)3.346 E F0 3.346(,ac)C .846(haracter denoting a \214le') -3.346 F 3.346(st)-.55 G .846(ype as reported by)-3.346 F F2(stat)3.346 E F0 .846(\(2\) is appended to the \214lename)B -(when listing possible completions.)144 180 Q F1 -(Readline Conditional Constructs)87 196.8 Q F0 .05 -(Readline implements a f)108 208.8 R .05(acility similar in spirit to t\ -he conditional compilation features of the C preprocessor)-.1 F .097 -(which allo)108 220.8 R .097(ws k)-.25 F .396 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .096 +(when listing possible completions.)144 252 Q F1 +(Readline Conditional Constructs)87 268.8 Q F0 .05 +(Readline implements a f)108 280.8 R .05(acility similar in spirit to t\ +he conditional compilation features of the C preprocessor)-.1 F .096 +(which allo)108 292.8 R .096(ws k)-.25 F .396 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .096 (indings and v).15 F .096 -(ariable settings to be performed as the result of tests.)-.25 F .096 -(There are four parser)5.096 F(directi)108 232.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 -(su).15 G(sed.)-2.5 E F1($if)108 249.6 Q F0(The)144 249.6 Q F1($if)2.962 -E F0 .462(construct allo)2.962 F .463(ws bindings to be made based on t\ +(ariable settings to be performed as the result of tests.)-.25 F .097 +(There are four parser)5.096 F(directi)108 304.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 +(su).15 G(sed.)-2.5 E F1($if)108 321.6 Q F0(The)144 321.6 Q F1($if)2.963 +E F0 .463(construct allo)2.963 F .462(ws bindings to be made based on t\ he editing mode, the terminal being used,)-.25 F -(or the application using readline.)144 261.6 Q(The te)5 E +(or the application using readline.)144 333.6 Q(The te)5 E (xt of the test, after an)-.15 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(omparison operator)-2.5 E -(,)-.4 E -.15(ex)146.5 273.6 S(tends to the end of the line; unless oth\ +(,)-.4 E -.15(ex)146.5 345.6 S(tends to the end of the line; unless oth\ erwise noted, no characters are required to isolate it.).15 E F1(mode) -144 290.4 Q F0(The)180 290.4 Q F1(mode=)3.712 E F0 1.212(form of the) -3.712 F F1($if)3.711 E F0(directi)3.711 E 1.511 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 3.711 +144 362.4 Q F0(The)180 362.4 Q F1(mode=)3.711 E F0 1.211(form of the) +3.711 F F1($if)3.711 E F0(directi)3.711 E 1.511 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 3.711 (su).15 G 1.211(sed to test whether readline is in emacs or vi)-3.711 F -3.065(mode. This)180 302.4 R .565(may be used in conjunction with the) +3.065(mode. This)180 374.4 R .565(may be used in conjunction with the) 3.065 F F1 .565(set k)3.065 F(eymap)-.1 E F0 .565 -(command, for instance, to)3.065 F .735(set bindings in the)180 314.4 R +(command, for instance, to)3.065 F .735(set bindings in the)180 386.4 R F2(emacs\255standar)3.235 E(d)-.37 E F0(and)3.235 E F2(emacs\255ctlx) 3.235 E F0 -.1(ke)3.235 G .735(ymaps only if readline is starting)-.05 F -(out in emacs mode.)180 326.4 Q F1(term)144 343.2 Q F0(The)180 343.2 Q -F1(term=)3.196 E F0 .696 -(form may be used to include terminal-speci\214c k)3.196 F .996 -.15 -(ey b)-.1 H .697(indings, perhaps to bind).15 F .654(the k)180 355.2 R +(out in emacs mode.)180 398.4 Q F1(term)144 415.2 Q F0(The)180 415.2 Q +F1(term=)3.197 E F0 .696 +(form may be used to include terminal-speci\214c k)3.197 F .996 -.15 +(ey b)-.1 H .696(indings, perhaps to bind).15 F .654(the k)180 427.2 R .954 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .654(equences output by the terminal').15 F 3.154 (sf)-.55 G .654(unction k)-3.154 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.154(s. The).15 F -.1 -(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 367.2 Q F1(=)3.231 -E F0 .731(is tested ag)3.231 F .732(ainst both the full name of the ter\ +(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 439.2 Q F1(=)3.232 +E F0 .732(is tested ag)3.232 F .732(ainst both the full name of the ter\ minal and the portion of the terminal)-.05 F(name before the \214rst)180 -379.2 Q F12.5 E F0 5(.T)C(his allo)-5 E(ws)-.25 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0 +451.2 Q F12.5 E F0 5(.T)C(his allo)-5 E(ws)-.25 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0 (to match both)2.74 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0(and)2.74 E F2(sun\255cmd)2.5 E F0 -2.5(,f).77 G(or instance.)-2.5 E F1 -.1(ve)144 396 S(rsion).1 E F0(The) -180 408 Q F1 -.1(ve)3.109 G(rsion).1 E F0 .608 -(test may be used to perform comparisons ag)3.109 F .608 -(ainst speci\214c readline v)-.05 F(ersions.)-.15 E(The)180 420 Q F1 -.1 -(ve)3.928 G(rsion).1 E F0 -.15(ex)3.928 G 1.428 -(pands to the current readline v).15 F 3.928(ersion. The)-.15 F 1.429 -(set of comparison operators)3.929 F(includes)180 432 Q F1(=)2.606 E F0 -2.606(,\()C(and)-2.606 E F1(==)2.606 E F0(\),)A F1(!=)2.606 E F0(,)A F1 +2.5(,f).77 G(or instance.)-2.5 E F1 -.1(ve)144 468 S(rsion).1 E F0(The) +180 480 Q F1 -.1(ve)3.108 G(rsion).1 E F0 .608 +(test may be used to perform comparisons ag)3.108 F .609 +(ainst speci\214c readline v)-.05 F(ersions.)-.15 E(The)180 492 Q F1 -.1 +(ve)3.929 G(rsion).1 E F0 -.15(ex)3.929 G 1.428 +(pands to the current readline v).15 F 3.928(ersion. The)-.15 F 1.428 +(set of comparison operators)3.928 F(includes)180 504 Q F1(=)2.605 E F0 +2.605(,\()C(and)-2.605 E F1(==)2.606 E F0(\),)A F1(!=)2.606 E F0(,)A F1 (<=)2.606 E F0(,)A F1(>=)2.606 E F0(,)A F1(<)2.606 E F0 2.606(,a)C(nd) -2.606 E F1(>)2.606 E F0 5.106(.T)C .106(he v)-5.106 F .106 -(ersion number supplied on the right side)-.15 F 1.471 -(of the operator consists of a major v)180 444 R 1.471(ersion number) --.15 F 3.972(,a)-.4 G 3.972(no)-3.972 G 1.472 -(ptional decimal point, and an)-3.972 F .767(optional minor v)180 456 R -.767(ersion \(e.g.,)-.15 F F1(7.1)3.267 E F0 .766(\). If the minor v)B -.766(ersion is omitted, it is assumed to be)-.15 F F1(0)3.266 E F0(.)A -1.755(The operator may be separated from the string)180 468 R F1 -.1(ve) -4.255 G(rsion).1 E F0 1.756(and from the v)4.256 F 1.756(ersion number) --.15 F(ar)180 480 Q(gument by whitespace.)-.18 E F1(application)144 -496.8 Q F0(The)180 508.8 Q F1(application)3.003 E F0 .503 +(ersion number supplied on the right side)-.15 F 1.472 +(of the operator consists of a major v)180 516 R 1.471(ersion number) +-.15 F 3.971(,a)-.4 G 3.971(no)-3.971 G 1.471 +(ptional decimal point, and an)-3.971 F .766(optional minor v)180 528 R +.766(ersion \(e.g.,)-.15 F F1(7.1)3.266 E F0 .766(\). If the minor v)B +.766(ersion is omitted, it is assumed to be)-.15 F F1(0)3.267 E F0(.)A +1.756(The operator may be separated from the string)180 540 R F1 -.1(ve) +4.255 G(rsion).1 E F0 1.755(and from the v)4.255 F 1.755(ersion number) +-.15 F(ar)180 552 Q(gument by whitespace.)-.18 E F1(application)144 +568.8 Q F0(The)180 580.8 Q F1(application)3.003 E F0 .503 (construct is used to include application-speci\214c settings.)3.003 F .503(Each program)5.503 F .114(using the readline library sets the)180 -520.8 R F2 .114(application name)2.614 F F0 2.614(,a)C .114 -(nd an initialization \214le can test for a)-2.614 F .501(particular v) -180 532.8 R 3.001(alue. This)-.25 F .501(could be used to bind k)3.001 F -.801 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .5(equences to functions useful for a spe-).15 F -.396(ci\214c program.)180 544.8 R -.15(Fo)5.396 G 2.896(ri).15 G .396 +592.8 R F2 .114(application name)2.614 F F0 2.614(,a)C .114 +(nd an initialization \214le can test for a)-2.614 F .5(particular v)180 +604.8 R 3(alue. This)-.25 F .501(could be used to bind k)3 F .801 -.15 +(ey s)-.1 H .501(equences to functions useful for a spe-).15 F .397 +(ci\214c program.)180 616.8 R -.15(Fo)5.397 G 2.896(ri).15 G .396 (nstance, the follo)-2.896 F .396(wing command adds a k)-.25 F .696 -.15 -(ey s)-.1 H .397(equence that quotes the).15 F(current or pre)180 556.8 -Q(vious w)-.25 E(ord in)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(:)A F1($if)180 580.8 Q F0 -(Bash)2.5 E 2.5(#Q)180 592.8 S(uote the current or pre)-2.5 E(vious w) --.25 E(ord)-.1 E("\\C\255xq": "\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")180 604.8 Q F1($endif)180 -616.8 Q F2(variable)144 633.6 Q F0(The)180 645.6 Q F2(variable)3.777 E -F0 1.277(construct pro)3.777 F 1.276 -(vides simple equality tests for readline v)-.15 F 1.276(ariables and v) --.25 F(alues.)-.25 E .079(The permitted comparison operators are)180 -657.6 R F2(=)2.579 E F0(,)A F2(==)2.579 E F0 2.579(,a)C(nd)-2.579 E F2 -(!=)2.579 E F0 5.079(.T)C .079(he v)-5.079 F .08 -(ariable name must be sepa-)-.25 F .98(rated from the comparison operat\ -or by whitespace; the operator may be separated from)180 669.6 R .129 -(the v)180 681.6 R .129(alue on the right hand side by whitespace.)-.25 -F .13(Both string and boolean v)5.129 F .13(ariables may be)-.25 F -(tested. Boolean v)180 693.6 Q(ariables must be tested ag)-.25 E -(ainst the v)-.05 E(alues)-.25 E F2(on)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(of)2.5 E(f) --.18 E F0(.)A F1($endif)108 710.4 Q F0(This command, as seen in the pre) -144 710.4 Q(vious e)-.25 E(xample, terminates an)-.15 E F1($if)2.5 E F0 -(command.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(44)197.335 E -0 Cg EP +(ey s)-.1 H .396(equence that quotes the).15 F(current or pre)180 628.8 +Q(vious w)-.25 E(ord in)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(:)A F1($if)180 652.8 Q F0 +(Bash)2.5 E 2.5(#Q)180 664.8 S(uote the current or pre)-2.5 E(vious w) +-.25 E(ord)-.1 E("\\C\255xq": "\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")180 676.8 Q F1($endif)180 +688.8 Q F2(variable)144 705.6 Q F0(The)180 717.6 Q F2(variable)3.776 E +F0 1.276(construct pro)3.776 F 1.276 +(vides simple equality tests for readline v)-.15 F 1.277(ariables and v) +-.25 F(alues.)-.25 E 1.901(The permitted comparison operators are)180 +729.6 R F2(=)4.401 E F0(,)A F2(==)4.401 E F0 4.401(,a)C(nd)-4.401 E F2 +(!=)4.401 E F0 6.901(.T)C 1.901(he v)-6.901 F 1.9(ariable name must be) +-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(44)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 45 45 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF($else)108 84 Q F0(Commands in this branch of the)144 84 Q F1($if)2.5 -E F0(directi)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(re e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted if the test f).15 E(ails.)-.1 E F1($include)108 100.8 Q F0 .357 -(This directi)144 112.8 R .657 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(ak).15 E .357 -(es a single \214lename as an ar)-.1 F .356 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.448(separated f\ +rom the comparison operator by whitespace; the operator may be separate\ +d)180 84 R .833(from the v)180 96 R .833 +(alue on the right hand side by whitespace.)-.25 F .833 +(Both string and boolean v)5.833 F(ariables)-.25 E +(may be tested. Boolean v)180 108 Q(ariables must be tested ag)-.25 E +(ainst the v)-.05 E(alues)-.25 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(on)2.5 E F0 +(and)2.5 E F1(of)2.5 E(f)-.18 E F0(.)A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF($endif)108 +124.8 Q F0(This command, as seen in the pre)144 124.8 Q(vious e)-.25 E +(xample, terminates an)-.15 E F2($if)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F2($else) +108 141.6 Q F0(Commands in this branch of the)144 141.6 Q F2($if)2.5 E +F0(directi)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(re e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuted if the test f).15 E(ails.)-.1 E F2($include)108 158.4 Q F0 .356 +(This directi)144 170.4 R .656 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(ak).15 E .356 +(es a single \214lename as an ar)-.1 F .357 (gument and reads commands and bindings from that)-.18 F 2.5(\214le. F) -144 124.8 R(or e)-.15 E(xample, the follo)-.15 E(wing directi)-.25 E .3 --.15(ve w)-.25 H(ould read).05 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(/etc/inputr)2.5 -E(c)-.37 E F0(:)A F1($include)144 148.8 Q F2(/etc/inputr)5.833 E(c)-.37 -E F1(Sear)87 165.6 Q(ching)-.18 E F0 .834(Readline pro)108 177.6 R .834 +144 182.4 R(or e)-.15 E(xample, the follo)-.15 E(wing directi)-.25 E .3 +-.15(ve w)-.25 H(ould read).05 E F1(/etc/inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(:)A F2 +($include)144 206.4 Q F1(/etc/inputr)5.833 E(c)-.37 E F2(Sear)87 223.2 Q +(ching)-.18 E F0 .835(Readline pro)108 235.2 R .835 (vides commands for searching through the command history \(see)-.15 F -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.335 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)3.085 E -.835(w\) for lines)-.25 F(containing a speci\214ed string.)108 189.6 Q -(There are tw)5 E 2.5(os)-.1 G(earch modes:)-2.5 E F2(incr)2.51 E -(emental)-.37 E F0(and)3.01 E F2(non-incr)2.5 E(emental)-.37 E F0(.).51 -E .698(Incremental searches be)108 206.4 R .698 +/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 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E(ch-terminators)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.724 G .224 +E 5.112(.A)-.55 G(n)-5.112 E .542 +(incremental search requires only as man)108 288 R 3.042(yc)-.15 G .542 +(haracters as needed to \214nd the desired history entry)-3.042 F 5.542 +(.T)-.65 G .542(he char)-5.542 F(-)-.2 E .224(acters present in the v) +108 300 R .224(alue of the)-.25 F F2(isear)2.724 E(ch-terminators)-.18 E +F0 -.25(va)2.724 G .224 (riable are used to terminate an incremental search.).25 F .66 -(If that v)108 254.4 R .66(ariable has not been assigned a v)-.25 F .66 +(If that v)108 312 R .66(ariable has not been assigned a v)-.25 F .66 (alue the Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incre-)-.25 -F .096(mental search.)108 266.4 R .096(Control-G will abort an incremen\ -tal search and restore the original line.)5.096 F .097 -(When the search is)5.097 F(terminated, the history entry containing th\ -e search string becomes the current line.)108 278.4 Q 2.939 -.8(To \214) -108 295.2 T 1.339(nd other matching entries in the history list, type C\ -ontrol-S or Control-R as appropriate.).8 F 1.338(This will)6.338 F .674 -(search backw)108 307.2 R .674(ard or forw)-.1 F .674 -(ard in the history for the ne)-.1 F .675 -(xt entry matching the search string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E 5.675 -(.A)-.55 G -.15(ny)-5.675 G .175(other k)108 319.2 R .475 -.15(ey s)-.1 -H .174 +F .097(mental search.)108 324 R .096(Control-G will abort an incrementa\ +l search and restore the original line.)5.097 F .096(When the search is) +5.096 F(terminated, the history entry containing the search string beco\ +mes the current line.)108 336 Q 2.938 -.8(To \214)108 352.8 T 1.339(nd \ +other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or Control-R\ + as appropriate.).8 F 1.339(This will)6.339 F .675(search backw)108 +364.8 R .675(ard or forw)-.1 F .675(ard in the history for the ne)-.1 F +.674(xt entry matching the search string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E +5.674(.A)-.55 G -.15(ny)-5.674 G .174(other k)108 376.8 R .474 -.15 +(ey s)-.1 H .174 (equence bound to a readline command will terminate the search and e).15 -F -.15(xe)-.15 G .174(cute that command.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.174 G(r).15 E -.54(instance, a)108 331.2 R F2(ne)3.04 E(wline)-.15 E F0 .541 -(will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby e)3.04 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .541(cuting the command from the).15 F(history list.)108 -343.2 Q .653(Readline remembers the last incremental search string.)108 -360 R .653(If tw)5.653 F 3.153(oC)-.1 G .653 -(ontrol-Rs are typed without an)-3.153 F 3.152(yi)-.15 G(nterv)-3.152 E -(en-)-.15 E(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 372 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G +F -.15(xe)-.15 G .175(cute that command.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.175 G(r).15 E +.541(instance, a)108 388.8 R F1(ne)3.041 E(wline)-.15 E F0 .541 +(will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby e)3.041 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .54(cuting the command from the).15 F(history list.)108 400.8 +Q .653(Readline remembers the last incremental search string.)108 417.6 +R .653(If tw)5.653 F 3.153(oC)-.1 G .653(ontrol-Rs are typed without an) +-3.153 F 3.153(yi)-.15 G(nterv)-3.153 E(en-)-.15 E +(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 429.6 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G (earch string, an)-2.5 E 2.5(yr)-.15 G(emembered search string is used.) -2.5 E .567(Non-incremental searches read the entire search string befo\ -re starting to search for matching history lines.)108 388.8 R(The searc\ +re starting to search for matching history lines.)108 446.4 R(The searc\ h string may be typed by the user or be part of the contents of the cur\ -rent line.)108 400.8 Q F1(Readline Command Names)87 417.6 Q F0 1.392 -(The follo)108 429.6 R 1.391 +rent line.)108 458.4 Q F2(Readline Command Names)87 475.2 Q F0 1.391 +(The follo)108 487.2 R 1.391 (wing is a list of the names of the commands and the def)-.25 F 1.391 (ault k)-.1 F 1.691 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.391(equences to which the).15 F -3.891(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.891 E 2.621(bound. Command)108 441.6 R .121 -(names without an accompan)2.621 F .121(ying k)-.15 F .421 -.15(ey s)-.1 -H .122(equence are unbound by def).15 F 2.622(ault. In)-.1 F .122 -(the follo)2.622 F(wing)-.25 E(descriptions,)108 453.6 Q F2(point)3.411 -E F0 .911(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.411 F F2(mark) -3.411 E F0 .91(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.41 -(db).15 G 3.41(yt)-3.41 G(he)-3.41 E F1(set\255mark)108 465.6 Q F0 2.5 +3.892(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.892 E 2.622(bound. Command)108 499.2 R .122 +(names without an accompan)2.622 F .122(ying k)-.15 F .421 -.15(ey s)-.1 +H .121(equence are unbound by def).15 F 2.621(ault. In)-.1 F .121 +(the follo)2.621 F(wing)-.25 E(descriptions,)108 511.2 Q F1(point)3.41 E +F0 .91(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.41 F F1(mark)3.411 E +F0 .911(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.411(db) +.15 G 3.411(yt)-3.411 G(he)-3.411 E F2(set\255mark)108 523.2 Q F0 2.5 (command. The)2.5 F(te)2.5 E -(xt between the point and mark is referred to as the)-.15 E F2 -.37(re) -2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A F1(Commands f)87 482.4 Q(or Mo)-.25 E(ving)-.1 -E(beginning\255of\255line \(C\255a\))108 494.4 Q F0(Mo)144 506.4 Q .3 --.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he start of the current line.)-2.5 E F1 -(end\255of\255line \(C\255e\))108 518.4 Q F0(Mo)144 530.4 Q .3 -.15 -(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the line.)-2.5 E F1 -.25(fo)108 -542.4 S(rward\255char \(C\255f\)).25 E F0(Mo)144 554.4 Q .3 -.15(ve f) --.15 H(orw).15 E(ard a character)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1 -(backward\255char \(C\255b\))108 566.4 Q F0(Mo)144 578.4 Q .3 -.15(ve b) --.15 H(ack a character).15 E(.)-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)108 590.4 S(rward\255w) -.25 E(ord \(M\255f\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 602.4 Q .822 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) -.15 E .522(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .523(xt w)-.15 F 3.023(ord. W) --.1 F .523(ords are composed of alphanumeric characters \(let-)-.8 F -(ters and digits\).)144 614.4 Q F1(backward\255w)108 626.4 Q -(ord \(M\255b\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 638.4 Q 1.71 -.15(ve b)-.15 H 1.41 +(xt between the point and mark is referred to as the)-.15 E F1 -.37(re) +2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A F2(Commands f)87 540 Q(or Mo)-.25 E(ving)-.1 E +(beginning\255of\255line \(C\255a\))108 552 Q F0(Mo)144 564 Q .3 -.15 +(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he start of the current line.)-2.5 E F2 +(end\255of\255line \(C\255e\))108 576 Q F0(Mo)144 588 Q .3 -.15(ve t) +-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the line.)-2.5 E F2 -.25(fo)108 600 S +(rward\255char \(C\255f\)).25 E F0(Mo)144 612 Q .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) +.15 E(ard a character)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F2(backward\255char \(C\255b\))108 +624 Q F0(Mo)144 636 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ack a character).15 E(.)-.55 E +F2 -.25(fo)108 648 S(rward\255w).25 E(ord \(M\255f\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 660 +Q .823 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw).15 E .523(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F +.523(xt w)-.15 F 3.023(ord. W)-.1 F .522 +(ords are composed of alphanumeric characters \(let-)-.8 F +(ters and digits\).)144 672 Q F2(backward\255w)108 684 Q(ord \(M\255b\)) +-.1 E F0(Mo)144 696 Q 1.71 -.15(ve b)-.15 H 1.41 (ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F 1.41(vious w)-.25 F 3.91 (ord. W)-.1 F 1.41(ords are composed of alphanumeric)-.8 F -(characters \(letters and digits\).)144 650.4 Q F1(shell\255f)108 662.4 -Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 674.4 Q .784 -.15(ve f)-.15 H -(orw).15 E .484(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .484(xt w)-.15 F 2.984 -(ord. W)-.1 F .484(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharac-) --.8 F(ters.)144 686.4 Q F1(shell\255backward\255w)108 698.4 Q(ord)-.1 E -F0(Mo)144 710.4 Q .909 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .609 -(ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F .609(vious w)-.25 F 3.109 -(ord. W)-.1 F .608(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell)-.8 F -(metacharacters.)144 722.4 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E -(45)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(characters \(letters and digits\).)144 708 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q +(2019 June 21)148.175 E(45)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 46 46 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(pr)108 84 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious\255scr).15 E(een\255line)-.18 E F0 -.89(Attempt to mo)144 96 R 1.19 -.15(ve p)-.15 H .89 +SF(shell\255f)108 84 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 96 Q .784 +-.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw).15 E .484(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .484 +(xt w)-.15 F 2.984(ord. 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W)-.1 F .609 +(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell)-.8 F(metacharacters.)144 144 Q +F1(pr)108 156 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious\255scr).15 E(een\255line)-.18 E F0 +.891(Attempt to mo)144 168 R 1.191 -.15(ve p)-.15 H .891 (oint to the same ph).15 F .891(ysical screen column on the pre)-.05 F -.891(vious ph)-.25 F .891(ysical screen line.)-.05 F .87 -(This will not ha)144 108 R 1.17 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .87(he desired ef).15 F -.87(fect if the current Readline line does not tak)-.25 F 3.37(eu)-.1 G -3.37(pm)-3.37 G .87(ore than one)-3.37 F(ph)144 120 Q(ysical line or if\ +.89(vious ph)-.25 F .89(ysical screen line.)-.05 F .87(This will not ha) +144 180 R 1.17 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .87(he desired ef).15 F .87 +(fect if the current Readline line does not tak)-.25 F 3.37(eu)-.1 G +3.37(pm)-3.37 G .87(ore than one)-3.37 F(ph)144 192 Q(ysical line or if\ point is not greater than the length of the prompt plus the screen wid\ -th.)-.05 E F1(next\255scr)108 132 Q(een\255line)-.18 E F0 .637 -(Attempt to mo)144 144 R .937 -.15(ve p)-.15 H .637(oint to the same ph) -.15 F .638(ysical screen column on the ne)-.05 F .638(xt ph)-.15 F .638 -(ysical screen line. 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If).25 F .699(the line is a modi\214ed history line, then)3.199 F -(restore the history line to its original state.)144 304.8 Q F1(pr)108 -316.8 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious\255history \(C\255p\)).15 E F0 -(Fetch the pre)144 328.8 Q(vious command from the history list, mo)-.25 -E(ving back in the list.)-.15 E F1(next\255history \(C\255n\))108 340.8 -Q F0(Fetch the ne)144 352.8 Q(xt command from the history list, mo)-.15 +(restore the history line to its original state.)144 376.8 Q F1(pr)108 +388.8 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious\255history \(C\255p\)).15 E F0 +(Fetch the pre)144 400.8 Q(vious command from the history list, mo)-.25 +E(ving back in the list.)-.15 E F1(next\255history \(C\255n\))108 412.8 +Q F0(Fetch the ne)144 424.8 Q(xt command from the history list, mo)-.15 E(ving forw)-.15 E(ard in the list.)-.1 E F1 -(beginning\255of\255history \(M\255<\))108 364.8 Q F0(Mo)144 376.8 Q .3 +(beginning\255of\255history \(M\255<\))108 436.8 Q F0(Mo)144 448.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he \214rst line in the history)-2.5 E(.) --.65 E F1(end\255of\255history \(M\255>\))108 388.8 Q F0(Mo)144 400.8 Q +-.65 E F1(end\255of\255history \(M\255>\))108 460.8 Q F0(Mo)144 472.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the input history)-2.5 E 2.5 (,i)-.65 G(.e., the line currently being entered.)-2.5 E F1 -2.29 -.18 -(re v)108 412.8 T(erse\255sear).08 E(ch\255history \(C\255r\))-.18 E F0 -1.47(Search backw)144 424.8 R 1.471 -(ard starting at the current line and mo)-.1 F 1.471 +(re v)108 484.8 T(erse\255sear).08 E(ch\255history \(C\255r\))-.18 E F0 +1.471(Search backw)144 496.8 R 1.471 +(ard starting at the current line and mo)-.1 F 1.47 (ving `up' through the history as necessary)-.15 F(.)-.65 E -(This is an incremental search.)144 436.8 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 448.8 S -(rward\255sear).25 E(ch\255history \(C\255s\))-.18 E F0 1.132 -(Search forw)144 460.8 R 1.132(ard starting at the current line and mo) --.1 F 1.131(ving `do)-.15 F 1.131(wn' through the history as necessary) --.25 F(.)-.65 E(This is an incremental search.)144 472.8 Q F1 -(non\255incr)108 484.8 Q(emental\255r)-.18 E -2.3 -.15(ev e)-.18 H -(rse\255sear).15 E(ch\255history \(M\255p\))-.18 E F0 .164(Search backw) -144 496.8 R .164(ard through the history starting at the current line u\ -sing a non-incremental search for)-.1 F 2.5(as)144 508.8 S -(tring supplied by the user)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(non\255incr)108 520.8 Q +(This is an incremental search.)144 508.8 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 520.8 S +(rward\255sear).25 E(ch\255history \(C\255s\))-.18 E F0 1.131 +(Search forw)144 532.8 R 1.131(ard starting at the current line and mo) +-.1 F 1.132(ving `do)-.15 F 1.132(wn' through the history as necessary) +-.25 F(.)-.65 E(This is an incremental search.)144 544.8 Q F1 +(non\255incr)108 556.8 Q(emental\255r)-.18 E -2.3 -.15(ev e)-.18 H +(rse\255sear).15 E(ch\255history \(M\255p\))-.18 E F0 .165(Search backw) +144 568.8 R .164(ard through the history starting at the current line u\ +sing a non-incremental search for)-.1 F 2.5(as)144 580.8 S +(tring supplied by the user)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(non\255incr)108 592.8 Q (emental\255f)-.18 E(orward\255sear)-.25 E(ch\255history \(M\255n\))-.18 -E F0 1.354(Search forw)144 532.8 R 1.354(ard through the history using \ +E F0 1.353(Search forw)144 604.8 R 1.354(ard through the history using \ a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the)-.1 F(user)144 -544.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1(history\255sear)108 556.8 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward) --.25 E F0 .248(Search forw)144 568.8 R .249(ard through the history for\ +616.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1(history\255sear)108 628.8 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward) +-.25 E F0 .249(Search forw)144 640.8 R .249(ard through the history for\ the string of characters between the start of the current line)-.1 F -(and the point.)144 580.8 Q(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1 -(history\255sear)108 592.8 Q(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .951(Search backw) -144 604.8 R .951(ard through the history for the string of characters b\ -etween the start of the current)-.1 F(line and the point.)144 616.8 Q +(and the point.)144 652.8 Q(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1 +(history\255sear)108 664.8 Q(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .95(Search backw) +144 676.8 R .951(ard through the history for the string of characters b\ +etween the start of the current)-.1 F(line and the point.)144 688.8 Q (This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1(history\255substring\255sear) -108 628.8 Q(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .95(Search backw)144 640.8 R .951(\ -ard through the history for the string of characters between the start \ -of the current)-.1 F .007(line and the current cursor position \(the)144 -652.8 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(point)2.507 E F0 2.507(\). The)B .007 -(search string may match an)2.507 F .006(ywhere in a history)-.15 F 2.5 -(line. This)144 664.8 R(is a non-incremental search.)2.5 E F1 -(history\255substring\255sear)108 676.8 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward)-.25 E -F0 .248(Search forw)144 688.8 R .249(ard through the history for the st\ -ring of characters between the start of the current line)-.1 F .319 -(and the point.)144 700.8 R .319(The search string may match an)5.319 F -.319(ywhere in a history line.)-.15 F .318(This is a non-incremental) -5.318 F(search.)144 712.8 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E -(46)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +108 700.8 Q(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .951(Search backw)144 712.8 R .951 +(ard through the history for the string of characters between the start\ + of the current)-.1 F .007(line and the current cursor position \(the) +144 724.8 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(point)2.507 E F0 2.507(\). The)B +.007(search string may match an)2.507 F .007(ywhere in a history)-.15 F +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(46)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 47 47 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(yank\255nth\255ar)108 84 Q 2.5(g\()-.1 G<4dad43ad7929>-2.5 E F0 .622 -(Insert the \214rst ar)144 96 R .622(gument to the pre)-.18 F .622 -(vious command \(usually the second w)-.25 F .622(ord on the pre)-.1 F -.622(vious line\))-.25 F .795(at point.)144 108 R -.4(Wi)5.795 G .794 -(th an ar).4 F(gument)-.18 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.294 E F0 3.294 -(,i).24 G .794(nsert the)-3.294 F F2(n)3.294 E F0 .794(th w)B .794 -(ord from the pre)-.1 F .794(vious command \(the w)-.25 F .794 -(ords in the)-.1 F(pre)144 120 Q .291(vious command be)-.25 F .291 -(gin with w)-.15 F .291(ord 0\).)-.1 F 2.791(An)5.291 G -2.25 -.15(eg a) --2.791 H(ti).15 E .591 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .291 -(ument inserts the).18 F F2(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .292 -(ord from the end of)-.1 F .282(the pre)144 132 R .282(vious command.) --.25 F .282(Once the ar)5.282 F(gument)-.18 E F2(n)2.781 E F0 .281 -(is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F .281 -(xtracted as if the "!)-.15 F F2(n)A F0(")A(history e)144 144 Q -(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)108 156 Q -2.5(g\()-.1 G -1.667(M\255. ,)-2.5 F -1.667(M\255_ \))2.5 F F0 1.307 -(Insert the last ar)144 168 R 1.307(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307 -(vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.308(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.308 -(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 180 S .204(th a numeric ar).4 -F .204(gument, beha)-.18 F .504 -.15(ve ex)-.2 H .204(actly lik).15 F(e) --.1 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)2.704 E(g)-.1 E F0 5.203(.S)C(uccessi)-5.203 -E .503 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .203(alls to).15 F F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.703 E -(g)-.1 E F0(mo)144 192 Q .806 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .507 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 2.5(line. This)144 +84 R(is a non-incremental search.)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(history\255substring\255sear)108 96 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward)-.25 E F0 +.249(Search forw)144 108 R .249(ard through the history for the string \ +of characters between the start of the current line)-.1 F .318 +(and the point.)144 120 R .319(The search string may match an)5.318 F +.319(ywhere in a history line.)-.15 F .319(This is a non-incremental) +5.319 F(search.)144 132 Q F1(yank\255nth\255ar)108 144 Q 2.5(g\()-.1 G +<4dad43ad7929>-2.5 E F0 .622(Insert the \214rst ar)144 156 R .622 +(gument to the pre)-.18 F .622(vious command \(usually the second w)-.25 +F .622(ord on the pre)-.1 F .622(vious line\))-.25 F .794(at point.)144 +168 R -.4(Wi)5.794 G .794(th an ar).4 F(gument)-.18 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.294 E F0 3.294(,i).24 G .794(nsert the)-3.294 F +F2(n)3.294 E F0 .794(th w)B .794(ord from the pre)-.1 F .794 +(vious command \(the w)-.25 F .795(ords in the)-.1 F(pre)144 180 Q .292 +(vious command be)-.25 F .292(gin with w)-.15 F .291(ord 0\).)-.1 F +2.791(An)5.291 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-2.791 H(ti).15 E .591 -.15(ve a)-.25 H +-.18(rg).15 G .291(ument inserts the).18 F F2(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B +.291(ord from the end of)-.1 F .281(the pre)144 192 R .281 +(vious command.)-.25 F .281(Once the ar)5.281 F(gument)-.18 E F2(n)2.781 +E F0 .281(is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F .282 +(xtracted as if the "!)-.15 F F2(n)A F0(")A(history e)144 204 Q +(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)108 216 Q +2.5(g\()-.1 G -1.667(M\255. ,)-2.5 F -1.667(M\255_ \))2.5 F F0 1.308 +(Insert the last ar)144 228 R 1.308(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307 +(vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.307(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.307 +(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 240 S .203(th a numeric ar).4 +F .203(gument, beha)-.18 F .504 -.15(ve ex)-.2 H .204(actly lik).15 F(e) +-.1 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)2.704 E(g)-.1 E F0 5.204(.S)C(uccessi)-5.204 +E .504 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .204(alls to).15 F F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.704 E +(g)-.1 E F0(mo)144 252 Q .807 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .507 (ack through the history list, inserting the last w).15 F .507 (ord \(or the w)-.1 F .507(ord speci\214ed by the ar)-.1 F(gument)-.18 E -1.397(to the \214rst call\) of each line in turn.)144 204 R(An)6.396 E -3.896(yn)-.15 G 1.396(umeric ar)-3.896 F 1.396 -(gument supplied to these successi)-.18 F 1.696 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls) -.15 E .491(determines the direction to mo)144 216 R .791 -.15(ve t)-.15 -H .491(hrough the history).15 F 5.492(.A)-.65 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G -(ti).05 E .792 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .492 +1.396(to the \214rst call\) of each line in turn.)144 264 R(An)6.396 E +3.896(yn)-.15 G 1.396(umeric ar)-3.896 F 1.397 +(gument supplied to these successi)-.18 F 1.697 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls) +.15 E .492(determines the direction to mo)144 276 R .792 -.15(ve t)-.15 +H .492(hrough the history).15 F 5.491(.A)-.65 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G +(ti).05 E .791 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .491 (ument switches the direction).18 F .494 -(through the history \(back or forw)144 228 R 2.994(ard\). 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alias e)144 372 R .395(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F -(See)5.395 E F3(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .694 -.15(ve f)-.15 H -.394(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 384 Q F1 -(history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 396 Q F0 -(Perform history and alias e)144 408 Q(xpansion on the current line.) --.15 E F1(insert\255last\255ar)108 420 Q(gument \(M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M) -.833 G -1.667(\255_ \))-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 432 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for) +(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.439(wf)-.25 G .939(or a descrip-) +-3.439 F(tion of history e)144 372 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(magic\255space) +108 384 Q F0 1.627(Perform history e)144 396 R 1.627 +(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)6.626 E F3 +(HIST)4.126 E(OR)-.162 E 3.876(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.876 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0 +(belo)144 408 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or a description of history e)-2.5 E +(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(alias\255expand\255line)108 420 Q F0 .394 +(Perform alias e)144 432 R .394(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F +(See)5.395 E F3(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .695 -.15(ve f)-.15 H +.395(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 444 Q F1 +(history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 456 Q F0 +(Perform history and alias e)144 468 Q(xpansion on the current line.) +-.15 E F1(insert\255last\255ar)108 480 Q(gument \(M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M) +.833 G -1.667(\255_ \))-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 492 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for) -.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 -(operate\255and\255get\255next \(C\255o\))108 444 Q F0 .947 -(Accept the current line for e)144 456 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .948 -(cution and fetch the ne).15 F .948(xt line relati)-.15 F 1.248 -.15 -(ve t)-.25 H 3.448(ot).15 G .948(he current line from the)-3.448 F .73 -(history for editing.)144 468 R 3.23(An)5.73 G .73(umeric ar)-3.23 F +(operate\255and\255get\255next \(C\255o\))108 504 Q F0 .948 +(Accept the current line for e)144 516 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .948 +(cution and fetch the ne).15 F .948(xt line relati)-.15 F 1.247 -.15 +(ve t)-.25 H 3.447(ot).15 G .947(he current line from the)-3.447 F .729 +(history for editing.)144 528 R 3.229(An)5.729 G .729(umeric ar)-3.229 F .729 (gument, if supplied, speci\214es the history entry to use instead of) --.18 F(the current line.)144 480 Q F1 -(edit\255and\255execute\255command \(C\255x C\255e\))108 492 Q F0(In)144 -504 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.226 -.1(ke a).2 H 3.526(ne).1 G 1.026 +-.18 F(the current line.)144 540 Q F1 +(edit\255and\255execute\255command \(C\255x C\255e\))108 552 Q F0(In)144 +564 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.226 -.1(ke a).2 H 3.526(ne).1 G 1.026 (ditor on the current command line, and e)-3.526 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.026 (cute the result as shell commands.).15 F F1(Bash)6.026 E F0 -(attempts to in)144 516 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3($VISU)2.6 E(AL) +(attempts to in)144 576 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3($VISU)2.6 E(AL) -.54 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3($EDIT)2.25 E(OR)-.162 E F4(,)A F0 (and)2.25 E F2(emacs)2.5 E F0(as the editor)2.5 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt) --2.5 G(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(Commands f)87 532.8 Q(or Changing T) --.25 E(ext)-.92 E F2(end\255of\255\214le)108 544.8 Q F1 -(\(usually C\255d\))2.5 E F0 .799 -(The character indicating end-of-\214le as set, for e)144 556.8 R .799 -(xample, by)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(stty)3.299 E F0 5.799(.I)C 3.298 -(ft)-5.799 G .798(his character is read when)-3.298 F .592 -(there are no characters on the line, and point is at the be)144 568.8 R -.593(ginning of the line, Readline interprets it)-.15 F -(as the end of input and returns)144 580.8 Q F3(EOF)2.5 E F4(.)A F1 -(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 592.8 Q F0 .442 -(Delete the character at point.)144 604.8 R .442 -(If this function is bound to the same character as the tty)5.442 F F1 -(EOF)2.941 E F0(char)2.941 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 616.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s) +-2.5 G(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(Commands f)87 592.8 Q(or Changing T) +-.25 E(ext)-.92 E F2(end\255of\255\214le)108 604.8 Q F1 +(\(usually C\255d\))2.5 E F0 .798 +(The character indicating end-of-\214le as set, for e)144 616.8 R .799 +(xample, by)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(stty)3.299 E F0 5.799(.I)C 3.299 +(ft)-5.799 G .799(his character is read when)-3.299 F .592 +(there are no characters on the line, and point is at the be)144 628.8 R +.592(ginning of the line, Readline interprets it)-.15 F +(as the end of input and returns)144 640.8 Q F3(EOF)2.5 E F4(.)A F1 +(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 652.8 Q F0 .441 +(Delete the character at point.)144 664.8 R .442 +(If this function is bound to the same character as the tty)5.441 F F1 +(EOF)2.942 E F0(char)2.942 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 676.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s) -2.5 E F1(C\255d)2.5 E F0(commonly is, see abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H (or the ef).15 E(fects.)-.25 E F1(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\)) -108 628.8 Q F0 .552(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 640.8 R +108 688.8 Q F0 .553(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 700.8 R 5.553(.W)-.55 G .553(hen gi)-5.553 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.053(nan).15 G .553 -(umeric ar)-3.053 F .553(gument, sa)-.18 F .853 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .553 -(he deleted te).15 F .553(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 652.8 Q F1 --.25(fo)108 664.8 S(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .474 -(Delete the character under the cursor)144 676.8 R 2.974(,u)-.4 G .474 -(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.974 F -(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 688.8 Q F1 -(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 700.8 Q F0 .778(Add the ne)144 -712.8 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279 -(erbatim. This)-.15 F .779(is ho)3.279 F 3.279(wt)-.25 G 3.279(oi)-3.279 -G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.279 E F0 3.279 -(,f)C(or)-3.279 E -.15(ex)144 724.8 S(ample.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q -(2019 May 20)148.175 E(47)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(umeric ar)-3.053 F .552(gument, sa)-.18 F .852 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .552 +(he deleted te).15 F .552(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 712.8 Q +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(47)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 48 48 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 84 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 -(Insert a tab character)144 96 Q(.)-.55 E F1 -(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 108 Q F0 -(Insert the character typed.)144 120 Q F1(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\)) -108 132 Q F0 .322(Drag the character before point forw)144 144 R .321 +SF -.25(fo)108 84 S(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .473 +(Delete the character under the cursor)144 96 R 2.973(,u)-.4 G .474 +(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.973 F +(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 108 Q F1 +(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 120 Q F0 .779(Add the ne)144 +132 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279(erbatim. This) +-.15 F .779(is ho)3.279 F 3.279(wt)-.25 G 3.279(oi)-3.279 G .779 +(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.278 E F0 3.278(,f)C +(or)-3.278 E -.15(ex)144 144 S(ample.).15 E F1(tab\255insert \(C\255v T) +108 156 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0(Insert a tab character)144 168 Q(.)-.55 E F1 +(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 180 Q F0 +(Insert the character typed.)144 192 Q F1(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\)) +108 204 Q F0 .321(Drag the character before point forw)144 216 R .321 (ard o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321 -(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .321(ving point forw)-.15 F .321 +(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .322(ving point forw)-.15 F .322 (ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182 -(If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144 156 -R 3.683(oc)-.1 G 1.183(haracters before point.)-3.683 F(Ne)6.183 E -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ar)144 168 Q(guments ha)-.18 E .3 +(If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144 228 +R 3.682(oc)-.1 G 1.182(haracters before point.)-3.682 F(Ne)6.182 E -.05 +(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ar)144 240 Q(guments ha)-.18 E .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.).25 E F1 -(transpose\255w)108 180 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .024(Drag the w)144 -192 R .024(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo) --.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.523(rt).15 G .023(hat w) --2.523 F .023(ord as well.)-.1 F .023(If point)5.023 F -(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 204 Q 2.5 -(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 216 Q -(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.698(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 228 +(transpose\255w)108 252 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .023(Drag the w)144 +264 R .023(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo) +-.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.524(rt).15 G .024(hat w) +-2.524 F .024(ord as well.)-.1 F .024(If point)5.024 F +(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 276 Q 2.5 +(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 288 Q +(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.699(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 300 R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E 1.999 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.699 -(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 240 S(rd, b).1 E -(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 252 Q -(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 264 Q 1.648 -(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.648(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.148 -(ord. W)-.1 F 1.647(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.947 -.15 -(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.647(ument, lo).18 F 1.647(wercase the pre) --.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 276 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 --.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 288 Q -(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 300 +-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.998 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.698 +(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 312 S(rd, b).1 E +(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 324 Q +(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 336 Q 1.647 +(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.647(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.147 +(ord. W)-.1 F 1.648(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.948 -.15 +(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.648(ument, lo).18 F 1.648(wercase the pre) +-.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 348 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 +-.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 360 Q +(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.975(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 372 R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.975 -(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 312 S(rd, b).1 -E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 324 -S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 336 S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15(ve)-.15 -G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.438 G .438(th an e).4 F .438 -(xplicit positi)-.15 F .737 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .437(umeric ar).15 F .437 -(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4 -(Wi)144 348 S .78(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 -.15 -(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781(gument, switches to insert mode.) --.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F(fects)-.25 E(only)144 360 Q F1 -(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi)4.395 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.395 -F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G -1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)4.394 G -(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.894(starts in insert)4.394 F 3.968(mode. In)144 -372 R -.15(ove)3.968 G 1.468(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1 -(self\255insert)3.969 E F0 1.469(replace the te)3.969 F 1.469 -(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .958(pushing the te)144 384 R .958 -(xt to the right.)-.15 F .957(Characters bound to)5.958 F F1 -(backward\255delete\255char)3.457 E F0 .957(replace the character)3.457 -F(before point with a space.)144 396 Q(By def)5 E -(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 412.8 Q -(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 424.8 Q F0(Kill the te)144 -436.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1 -(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 448.8 Q F0(Kill backw) -144 460.8 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1 -(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 472.8 Q F0(Kill backw)144 484.8 +-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.974 +(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 384 S(rd, b).1 +E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 396 +S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 408 S .437(ggle o).8 F -.15(ve)-.15 +G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.437 G .437(th an e).4 F .437 +(xplicit positi)-.15 F .738 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .438(umeric ar).15 F .438 +(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4 +(Wi)144 420 S .781(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 +-.15(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781 +(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .78(This command af)5.781 F +(fects)-.25 E(only)144 432 Q F1(emacs)4.394 E F0(mode;)4.394 E F1(vi) +4.394 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.394 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 +F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G 1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)4.395 G(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.895 +(starts in insert)4.395 F 3.969(mode. In)144 444 R -.15(ove)3.969 G +1.469(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1(self\255insert)3.969 E +F0 1.468(replace the te)3.969 F 1.468(xt at point rather than)-.15 F +.957(pushing the te)144 456 R .957(xt to the right.)-.15 F .958 +(Characters bound to)5.957 F F1(backward\255delete\255char)3.458 E F0 +.958(replace the character)3.458 F(before point with a space.)144 468 Q +(By def)5 E(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 +484.8 Q(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 496.8 Q F0 +(Kill the te)144 508.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1 +(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 520.8 Q F0(Kill backw) +144 532.8 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1 +(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 544.8 Q F0(Kill backw)144 556.8 Q(ard from point to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E (The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt) --2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 496.8 Q F0 +-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 568.8 Q F0 (Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144 -508.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 520.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728 -(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 532.8 R .729 -(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729 -(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 544.8 S +580.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 592.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .729 +(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 604.8 R .728 +(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .728 +(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 616.8 S (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G -(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 556.8 Q -(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 568.8 Q(ord behind point.) +(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 628.8 Q +(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 640.8 Q(ord behind point.) -.1 E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 580.8 Q -(ord)-.1 E F0 .729(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 592.8 -R .728(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F -.728(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 604.8 S +(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 652.8 Q +(ord)-.1 E F0 .728(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 664.8 +R .729(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F +.729(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 676.8 S (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1(shell\255f)2.5 E (orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255backward\255kill\255w) -108 616.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 628.8 R 3.025 +108 688.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 700.8 R 3.025 (ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025 (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255back-) -5.525 E(ward\255w)144 640.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 652.8 Q -(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 664.8 R .365 -(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .364(ord boundary)-.1 -F 5.364(.T)-.65 G .364(he killed te)-5.364 F .364(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15 -(ve)-.2 G 2.864(do).15 G 2.864(nt)-2.864 G(he)-2.864 E(kill-ring.)144 -676.8 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 688.8 Q F0 .166(Kill the w) -144 700.8 R .166 -(ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w) --.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 712.8 Q -(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.) --2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(48)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +5.525 E(ward\255w)144 712.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q +(2019 June 21)148.175 E(48)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 49 49 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 84 Q F0 -(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 96 Q F1(kill\255r)108 108 -Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 120 Q(xt in the current re)-.15 E -(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 132 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E F0(Cop) -144 144 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E +SF(unix\255w)108 84 Q(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .364(Kill the w) +144 96 R .364(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .365 +(ord boundary)-.1 F 5.365(.T)-.65 G .365(he killed te)-5.365 F .365 +(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.865(do).15 G 2.865(nt)-2.865 G(he) +-2.865 E(kill-ring.)144 108 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 120 Q +F0 .167(Kill the w)144 132 R .166 +(ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w) +-.1 F .166(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.166 E(killed te)144 144 Q +(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.) +-2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 156 Q F0 +(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 168 Q F1(kill\255r)108 180 +Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 192 Q(xt in the current re)-.15 E +(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 204 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E F0(Cop) +144 216 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E (gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1 -(copy\255backward\255w)108 156 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 168 Q 4.801(yt)-.1 -G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 -E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3 -(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 180 Q -(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 192 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0 -(Cop)144 204 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)-.1 F -2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008(.T)-.55 -G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25 -(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 216 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 -(yank \(C\255y\))108 228 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 240 S +(copy\255backward\255w)108 228 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 240 Q 4.8(yt)-.1 G +2.3(he w)-4.8 F 2.3(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 E(fer) +-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.301 +(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.801 E(ward\255w)144 252 +Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 264 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E +F0(Cop)144 276 Q 4.508(yt)-.1 G 2.008(he w)-4.508 F 2.008(ord follo)-.1 +F 2.008(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.007(.T) +-.55 G 2.007(he w)-7.007 F 2.007(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 +-.25(fo)4.507 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 288 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 +(yank \(C\255y\))108 300 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 312 S (nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer at point.)-.25 -E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 252 Q F0 -(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 264 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5 +E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 324 Q F0 +(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 336 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5 (op. Only)-2.5 F -.1(wo)2.5 G(rks follo).1 E(wing)-.25 E F1(yank)2.5 E -F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 280.8 Q -(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 292.8 Q +F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 352.8 Q +(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 364.8 Q (gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .367 -(Add this digit to the ar)144 304.8 R .367 +(Add this digit to the ar)144 376.8 R .367 (gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 2.867(wa)-.25 G -.18 -(rg)-2.867 G 2.867(ument. M\255\255).18 F .366(starts a ne)2.867 F -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(-).05 E(ti)144 316.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G -(ument.).18 E F1(uni)108 328.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 -E F0 .778(This is another w)144 340.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F -3.279(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .779 +(rg)-2.867 G 2.867(ument. M\255\255).18 F .367(starts a ne)2.867 F -.05 +(ga)-.15 G(-).05 E(ti)144 388.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G +(ument.).18 E F1(uni)108 400.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 +E F0 .779(This is another w)144 412.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F +3.279(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .778 (wed by one or more digits,)-.25 F 1.376 (optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144 -352.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144 -364.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni) +424.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144 +436.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni) 3.67 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(ag)3.67 E 1.17 (ain ends the numeric ar)-.05 F 1.17(gument, b)-.18 F 1.17(ut is other) --.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 376.8 R .898 -(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.899 F .898 +-.2 F(-)-.2 E .898(wise ignored.)144 448.8 R .898 +(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.898 F .898 (wed by a character that is)-.25 F 1.23 -(neither a digit nor minus sign, the ar)144 388.8 R 1.23 +(neither a digit nor minus sign, the ar)144 460.8 R 1.23 (gument count for the ne)-.18 F 1.23(xt command is multiplied by four) --.15 F(.)-.55 E .823(The ar)144 400.8 R .823 +-.15 F(.)-.55 E .822(The ar)144 472.8 R .822 (gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .823 -(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .822(es the ar)-.1 F -(gument)-.18 E(count four)144 412.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)-2.5 +(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .823(es the ar)-.1 F +(gument)-.18 E(count four)144 484.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)-2.5 E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E F1(Completing) -87 429.6 Q(complete \(T)108 441.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137 -(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 453.6 R 1.137 +87 501.6 Q(complete \(T)108 513.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137 +(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 525.6 R 1.137 (xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137 -(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 465.6 Q .533(xt as a v) --.15 F .533(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .533(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with) --.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .532(xt be)-.15 F -.532(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.032 E F0 .532(\), hostname \(if the)B(te) -144 477.6 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701 -(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .702 +(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 537.6 Q .532(xt as a v) +-.15 F .532(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .532(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with) +-.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .533(xt be)-.15 F +.533(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.033 E F0 .533(\), hostname \(if the)B(te) +144 549.6 Q .702(xt be)-.15 F .702(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.202 E F0 .701 +(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .701 (If none of these pro-)5.701 F -(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 489.6 Q F1 -(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 501.6 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 513.6 Q(xt before point.) --.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 525.6 Q F0 .783 -(Insert all completions of the te)144 537.6 R .783 +(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 561.6 Q F1 +(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 573.6 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 585.6 Q(xt before point.) +-.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 597.6 Q F0 .783 +(Insert all completions of the te)144 609.6 R .783 (xt before point that w)-.15 F .783(ould ha)-.1 F 1.083 -.15(ve b)-.2 H -.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.282 E(pletions)144 -549.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 561.6 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144 -573.6 R F1(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628 +.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.283 E(pletions)144 +621.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 633.6 Q F0 .929(Similar to)144 +645.6 R F1(complete)3.429 E F0 3.429(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.629 F .929(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F -1.194(possible completions.)144 585.6 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.194(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.193 -(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .828 -(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 597.6 R .828 +1.193(possible completions.)144 657.6 R 1.193(Repeated e)6.193 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.193(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.194 +(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .829 +(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 669.6 R .828 (At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung)5.828 F .727 -(\(subject to the setting of)144 609.6 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 +(\(subject to the setting of)144 681.6 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 3.227(\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F .727(xt is restored.)-.15 F .727(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227 -E F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.227 E F0 1.73 -(positions forw)144 621.6 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F +E F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.228 E F0 1.73 +(positions forw)144 693.6 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.03 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.73 (ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1 -E(through the list.)144 633.6 Q(This command is intended to be bound to) +E(through the list.)144 705.6 Q(This command is intended to be bound to) 5 E F1 -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E -(ault.)-.1 E F1(menu\255complete\255backward)108 645.6 Q F0 .82 -(Identical to)144 657.6 R F1(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82 -(ut mo)-3.52 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.32(sb).15 G(ackw)-3.32 E .82 -(ard through the list of possible completions, as if)-.1 F F1 -(menu\255complete)144 669.6 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 -(nan).15 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg) -.15 G 2.5(ument. This).18 F(command is unbound by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E -F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 681.6 Q F0 .234 -(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 693.6 R -.234(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char) -2.735 E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 705.6 R -.15 -(ve)-.2 G 2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1 -(possible\255completions)2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425 -(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 717.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(49)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(49)197.335 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 50 50 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 84 Q F0 -(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 96 Q(xt before point.)-.15 -E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 108 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 120 Q +SF(menu\255complete\255backward)108 84 Q F0 .82(Identical to)144 96 R F1 +(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82(ut mo)-3.52 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +3.32(sb).15 G(ackw)-3.32 E .82 +(ard through the list of possible completions, as if)-.1 F F1 +(menu\255complete)144 108 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nan) +.15 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G +2.5(ument. This).18 F(command is unbound by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1 +(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 120 Q F0 .234 +(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 132 R .234 +(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.734 +E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 144 R -.15(ve)-.2 G +2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1(possible\255completions) +2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 +156 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 168 Q F0 +(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 180 Q(xt before point.)-.15 +E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 192 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 204 Q (xt before point, treating it as a \214lename.)-.15 E F1 -(complete\255user)108 132 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 144 Q +(complete\255user)108 216 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 228 Q (xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(possible\255user) -108 156 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 168 Q +108 240 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 252 Q (xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(complete\255v)108 -180 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 192 Q +264 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 276 Q (xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1 -(possible\255v)108 204 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 216 Q +(possible\255v)108 288 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 300 Q (xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1 -(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 228 Q F0 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 240 Q +(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 312 Q F0 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 324 Q (xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1 -(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 252 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 264 Q +(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 336 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 348 Q (xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1 -(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 276 Q F0 .58 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 288 R .581 -(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .581 -(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 300 R +(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 360 Q F0 .581 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 372 R .581 +(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .58 +(Command comple-)5.58 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 384 R .715(xt ag)-.15 F .715(ainst aliases, reserv)-.05 F .715(ed w)-.15 F .715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F -(\214nally e)144 312 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(\214nally e)144 396 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cutable \214lenames, in that order).15 E(.)-.55 E F1 -(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 324 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 336 Q +(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 408 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 420 Q (xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1 -(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 348 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 360 R .425 -(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .425 +(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 432 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .425 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 444 R .425 +(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .424 (ainst lines from the history list)-.05 F -(for possible completion matches.)144 372 Q F1(dab)108 384 Q(br)-.1 E --.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .611 -(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 396 R .611 -(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .61(xt ag)-.15 F .61 +(for possible completion matches.)144 456 Q F1(dab)108 468 Q(br)-.1 E +-.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .61 +(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 480 R .611 +(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .611(xt ag)-.15 F .611 (ainst lines from the his-)-.05 F -(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 408 Q F1 -(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 420 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\ +(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 492 Q F1 +(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 504 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\ me completion and insert the list of possible completions enclosed with\ -in braces so)144 432 R(the list is a)144 444 Q -.25(va)-.2 G +in braces so)144 516 R(the list is a)144 528 Q -.25(va)-.2 G (ilable to the shell \(see).25 E F1(Brace Expansion)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 460.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18 -E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 472.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\)) -.833 E F0(Be)144 484.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 544.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18 +E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 556.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\)) +.833 E F0(Be)144 568.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E (ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G -(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 496.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G -(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 508.8 Q +(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 580.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G +(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 592.8 Q (ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G (board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1 -(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 520.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5 -E F0(Re-e)144 532.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 -G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro app\ -ear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 544.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1 -(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 556.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E F0 -(Print the last k)144 568.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G +(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 604.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5 +E F0(Re-e)144 616.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G .999(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey) +-.1 G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro\ + appear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 628.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 +E F1(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 640.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E +F0(Print the last k)144 652.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G (board macro de\214ned in a format suitable for the).15 E/F2 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1 -(Miscellaneous)87 585.6 Q -.18(re)108 597.6 S.18 E -(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.776 -(Read in the contents of the)144 609.6 R F2(inputr)4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0 -1.777(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.277(yb)-.15 G 1.777 -(indings or v)-4.277 F 1.777(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144 -621.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 633.6 Q F0 3.249 -(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 645.6 R -5.748(sb)-.55 G 3.248(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.748 F F1 -(bell\255style)144 657.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255lo)108 669.6 Q(wer)-.1 E -(case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255A, M\255B, M\255)-.1 E F2(x)A F1 2.5(,.) -C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.738(If the meta\214ed character)144 681.6 R F2(x) -4.238 E F0 1.739 -(is uppercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)4.238 -F(meta\214ed lo)144 693.6 Q(wercase character)-.25 E 5(.T)-.55 G -(he beha)-5 E(vior is unde\214ned if)-.2 E F2(x)2.5 E F0(is already lo) -2.5 E(wercase.)-.25 E F1(pr)108 705.6 Q(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0 -(Metafy the ne)144 717.6 Q(xt character typed.)-.15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF(ESC)5 E F1(f)2.25 E F0(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -(Meta\255f)2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(50) -197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(Miscellaneous)87 669.6 Q -.18(re)108 681.6 S.18 E +(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.777 +(Read in the contents of the)144 693.6 R F2(inputr)4.277 E(c)-.37 E F0 +1.776(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.276(yb)-.15 G 1.776 +(indings or v)-4.276 F 1.776(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144 +705.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(50)197.335 E 0 Cg +EP %%Page: 51 51 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 84 Q F0 -(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 96 Q F1 --2.29 -.18(re v)108 108 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 1.095 -(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 120 R 1.095(This is lik)6.095 F +SF(abort \(C\255g\))108 84 Q F0 3.248 +(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 96 R 5.749 +(sb)-.55 G 3.249(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.749 F F1 +(bell\255style)144 108 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255lo)108 120 Q(wer)-.1 E +(case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255A, M\255B, M\255)-.1 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1 2.5(,.)C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.739 +(If the meta\214ed character)144 132 R F2(x)4.239 E F0 1.739 +(is uppercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)4.239 +F(meta\214ed lo)144 144 Q(wercase character)-.25 E 5(.T)-.55 G(he beha) +-5 E(vior is unde\214ned if)-.2 E F2(x)2.5 E F0(is already lo)2.5 E +(wercase.)-.25 E F1(pr)108 156 Q(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0 +(Metafy the ne)144 168 Q(xt character typed.)-.15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(ESC)5 E F1(f)2.25 E F0(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 +(Meta\255f)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 180 Q F0 +(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 192 Q F1 +-2.29 -.18(re v)108 204 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 1.095 +(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 216 R 1.095(This is lik)6.095 F 3.595(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-3.745 G 1.095(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)3.595 E F0 1.095(command enough times to)3.595 F -(return the line to its initial state.)144 132 Q F1 -(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 144 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 156 Q +(return the line to its initial state.)144 228 Q F1 +(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 240 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 252 Q (xpansion on the current w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E F1 -(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255\))108 168 Q F0 -(Set the mark to the point.)144 180 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E +(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255\))108 264 Q F0 +(Set the mark to the point.)144 276 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E (gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1 -(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 192 Q F0(Sw)144 -204 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283 +(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 288 Q F0(Sw)144 +300 Q .283(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283 (The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G -2.783(dp).15 G .283(osition, and the old)-2.783 F(cursor position is sa) -144 216 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1 -(character\255sear)108 228 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144 240 S -.536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt) +2.782(dp).15 G .282(osition, and the old)-2.782 F(cursor position is sa) +144 312 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1 +(character\255sear)108 324 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.035(Ac)144 336 S +.535(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.035 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt) .15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535 -(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.535(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .835 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre) -144 252 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 264 Q -(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 276 S 1.043 -(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.543 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G +(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.536(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05 +(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .836 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre) +144 348 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 360 Q +(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.544(Ac)144 372 S 1.044 +(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.544 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G 3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044 -(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.044(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E +(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.043(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 288 Q F1 -(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 300 Q F0 1.827 -(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 312 R 2.126 -.15(ey s) --.1 H 1.826(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G -4.326(sl).15 G(ik)-4.326 E(e)-.1 E .79(Home and End.)144 324 R .791 -(Such sequences be)5.79 F .791 +(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 384 Q F1 +(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 396 Q F0 1.826 +(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 408 R 2.126 -.15(ey s) +-.1 H 1.827(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G +4.327(sl).15 G(ik)-4.327 E(e)-.1 E .791(Home and End.)144 420 R .791 +(Such sequences be)5.791 F .791 (gin with a Control Sequence Indicator \(CSI\), usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F -.332(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 336 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831 -(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .631 -.15(ve n) --.2 H 2.831(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.831 G .331(ect unless e).25 F(xplic-) +.331(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 432 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831 +(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .632 -.15(ve n) +-.2 H 2.832(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.832 G .332(ect unless e).25 F(xplic-) -.15 E .026(itly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting stra\ -y characters into the editing b)144 348 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T) --.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 360 Q(ault, b)-.1 E +y characters into the editing b)144 444 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T) +-.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 456 Q(ault, b)-.1 E (ut usually bound to ESC\255[.)-.2 E F1(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 -372 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 384 S .481(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481 -(gument, the v)-.18 F .481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1 -(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)2.981 G .48 -(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 396 Q .244 -(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .245(If a numeric ar)5.244 F .245 -(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if)-.18 F .322 -(the characters at the be)144 408 R .321 +468 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 480 S .48(thout a numeric ar).4 F .48(gument, the v) +-.18 F .481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 +-.25(va)2.981 G .481(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 492 Q .245 +(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .245(If a numeric ar)5.245 F .244 +(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if)-.18 F .321 +(the characters at the be)144 504 R .321 (ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.821(,t)C .321(he v)-2.821 F .321(alue is) --.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 420 R F1 -(comment\255begin)3.331 E F0 .832(are deleted from the be)3.331 F .832 -(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.469 -(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 432 R 1.468 -(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.468(The def)6.468 F 1.468(ault v)-.1 F -1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 444 Q F0 .839 -(causes this command to mak)3.339 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839 -(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .84(If a numeric ar)5.84 F -(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 456 Q -.15 +(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.822(,t)C .322(he v)-2.822 F .322(alue is) +-.25 F .832(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 516 R F1 +(comment\255begin)3.332 E F0 .831(are deleted from the be)3.332 F .831 +(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.468 +(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 528 R 1.468 +(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.469(The def)6.469 F 1.469(ault v)-.1 F +1.469(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.969 E(ment\255begin)144 540 Q F0 .84 +(causes this command to mak)3.34 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839 +(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .839(If a numeric ar)5.839 F +(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 552 Q -.15 (ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 468 Q -(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144 480 R .791 -(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .791 -(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 492 +(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 564 Q +(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .791(The w)144 576 R .791 +(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .792 +(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 588 R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214lenames for possib\ -le completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 504 Q(ord \(C\255x *\)) --.1 E F0 .175(The w)144 516 R .176 +le completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 600 Q(ord \(C\255x *\)) +-.1 E F0 .176(The w)144 612 R .176 (ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .176 (xpansion, and the list of matching \214le-)-.15 F .516 -(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 528 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016 +(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 624 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016 (an)3.016 G .516(umeric ar)-3.016 F .516 (gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended)-.18 F(before pathname e) -144 540 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\)) -108 552 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 564 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F +144 636 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\)) +108 648 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 660 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F .923(ould ha)-.1 F 1.223 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .923(een generated by).15 F F1 (glob\255expand\255w)3.423 E(ord)-.1 E F0 .923(is displayed, and)3.423 F -.872(the line is redra)144 576 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G +.872(the line is redra)144 672 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G .872(umeric ar)-3.372 F .872 (gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F -.15 -(ex)144 588 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 600 Q F0 .626 -(Print all of the functions and their k)144 612 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H -.627(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .627(If a numeric ar) -5.627 F(gu-)-.18 E -(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 624 Q -(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr) -2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 636 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0 -1.8(Print all of the settable readline v)144 648 R 1.799 -(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.799(alues to the readline output stream.) --.25 F 1.799(If a)6.799 F .304(numeric ar)144 660 R .304 -(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .304 -(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)144 672 Q(c)-.37 E F0 -(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 684 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .593 -(Print all of the readline k)144 696 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592 -(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.092(yo)-.15 G -3.092(utput. If)-3.092 F 3.092(an)3.092 G(umeric)-3.092 E(ar)144 708 Q -.528(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .528 -(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.028 E(c)-.37 E F0 -(\214le.)144 720 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(51) -197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(ex)144 684 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 696 Q F0 .627 +(Print all of the functions and their k)144 708 R .927 -.15(ey b)-.1 H +.626(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .626(If a numeric ar) +5.626 F(gu-)-.18 E +(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 720 Q +(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E F2(inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0 +(\214le.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(51)197.335 E +0 Cg EP %%Page: 52 52 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(display\255shell\255v)108 84 Q(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0 -(Display v)144 96 Q(ersion information about the current instance of) --.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 112.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 -E F0 .147(When w)108 124.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar) --.1 F .147 +SF(dump\255v)108 84 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0 1.799 +(Print all of the settable readline v)144 96 R 1.799 +(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.8(alues to the readline output stream.) +-.25 F 1.8(If a)6.8 F .305(numeric ar)144 108 R .304 +(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .304 +(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr) +144 120 Q(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 132 Q(os)-.18 E +F0 .592(Print all of the readline k)144 144 R .892 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592 +(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.093(yo)-.15 G +3.093(utput. If)-3.093 F 3.093(an)3.093 G(umeric)-3.093 E(ar)144 156 Q +.528(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .528 +(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.027 E(c)-.37 E F0 +(\214le.)144 168 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 180 Q +(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 192 Q +(ersion information about the current instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E +F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 208.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .146(When w)108 +220.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147 (gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation \(a)-.18 F -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(compspec)108 136.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329 -(as been de\214ned using the)-3.828 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu) +F2(compspec)108 232.8 Q F0 3.829(\)h)C 1.329 +(as been de\214ned using the)-3.829 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu) 3.829 G 1.329(iltin \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829 -F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.329(w\), the) --.25 F(programmable completion f)108 148.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2 -(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .498 -(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 165.6 R .498 -(If the command w)5.498 F .497 -(ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .233(the be)108 -177.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233 +F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.328(w\), the) +-.25 F(programmable completion f)108 244.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2 +(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .497 +(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 261.6 R .497 +(If the command w)5.497 F .498 +(ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .234(the be)108 +273.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233 (ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.733 F F12.733 E F0 .233(option to) -2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F .234(If a comp-) -5.234 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is \ -used to generate the list of possible completions)108 189.6 R .822 -(for the w)108 201.6 R 3.322(ord. If)-.1 F .822(the command w)3.322 F -.823(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is search\ -ed for)-.1 F 2.867(\214rst. If)108 213.6 R .366(no compspec is found fo\ +2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F .233(If a comp-) +5.233 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is \ +used to generate the list of possible completions)108 285.6 R .823 +(for the w)108 297.6 R 3.323(ord. If)-.1 F .823(the command w)3.323 F +.822(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is search\ +ed for)-.1 F 2.866(\214rst. If)108 309.6 R .367(no compspec is found fo\ r the full pathname, an attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the po\ -rtion)2.867 F(follo)108 225.6 Q .298(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298 -(If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.298 F 2.799(yc)-.15 -G .299(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.799 F F12.799 E F0 .057 -(option to)108 237.6 R F1(complete)2.557 E F0 .056(is used as the def) +rtion)2.866 F(follo)108 321.6 Q .299(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298 +(If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.299 F 2.798(yc)-.15 +G .298(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.798 F F12.798 E F0 .056 +(option to)108 333.6 R F1(complete)2.556 E F0 .056(is used as the def) 2.556 F 2.556(ault. If)-.1 F .056(there is no def)2.556 F .056 (ault compspec,)-.1 F F1(bash)2.556 E F0 .056(attempts alias e)2.556 F -.056(xpansion on)-.15 F .332(the command w)108 249.6 R .332(ord as a \ +.057(xpansion on)-.15 F .333(the command w)108 345.6 R .332(ord as a \ \214nal resort, and attempts to \214nd a compspec for the command w)-.1 -F .332(ord from an)-.1 F 2.833(ys)-.15 G(uc-)-2.833 E(cessful e)108 -261.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it is use\ -d to generate the list of matching w)108 278.4 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F -3.317(ac)3.317 G .817(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 290.4 Q +F .332(ord from an)-.1 F 2.832(ys)-.15 G(uc-)-2.832 E(cessful e)108 +357.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it is use\ +d to generate the list of matching w)108 374.4 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F +3.317(ac)3.317 G .817(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 386.4 Q (ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15 -(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .463 -(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 307.2 R -.464(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .464(ed by the w)-.15 F -.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 319.2 R .596 -(When the)5.596 F F13.096 E F0(or)3.095 E F13.095 E F0 .595 +(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .464 +(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 403.2 R +.463(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .463(ed by the w)-.15 F +.463(ord being)-.1 F .595(completed are returned.)108 415.2 R .595 +(When the)5.595 F F13.095 E F0(or)3.095 E F13.095 E F0 .596 (option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F -(shell v)108 331.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 348 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G +(shell v)108 427.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 +(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 444 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G 1.584(ompletions speci\214ed by a pathname e)-4.084 F 1.584 (xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F14.084 E F0 1.584 -(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 360 S -.555(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .554 -(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.554 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.054 E F0 .554 -(shell v)2.804 F(ari-)-.25 E -(able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 372 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3 -(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 388.8 Q -.32(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .32(gument to the)-.18 F -F12.82 E F0 .321(option is considered.)2.821 F .321 -(The string is \214rst split using the)5.321 F .413(characters in the) -108 400.8 R F3(IFS)2.913 E F0 .412(special v)2.663 F .412 +(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 456 S +.554(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .555 +(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.555 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.055 E F0 .555 +(shell v)2.805 F(ari-)-.25 E +(able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 468 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3 +(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 484.8 Q +.321(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .321(gument to the)-.18 +F F12.821 E F0 .32(option is considered.)2.821 F .32 +(The string is \214rst split using the)5.32 F .412(characters in the)108 +496.8 R F3(IFS)2.912 E F0 .412(special v)2.662 F .412 (ariable as delimiters.)-.25 F .412(Shell quoting is honored.)5.412 F -.412(Each w)5.412 F .412(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .091 -(using brace e)108 412.8 R .091(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092 -(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .092 -(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.397(metic e)108 -424.8 R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H +.413(Each w)5.412 F .413(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .092 +(using brace e)108 508.8 R .092(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092 +(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .091 +(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.396(metic e)108 +520.8 R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H (nder).15 E F3(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.396(The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108 -436.8 Q .509 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.709 G .209 -(rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.209(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.209 F .209 -(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .21(ainst the w)-.05 F .21 -(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 448.8 Q -(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.238 -(After these matches ha)108 465.6 R 1.538 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.238 -(een generated, an).15 F 3.738(ys)-.15 G 1.237 -(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.738 F F13.737 E -F0(and)3.737 E F13.737 E F0 3.375(options is in)108 477.6 R -.2 +532.8 Q .51 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.71 G .21 +(rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.21(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.21 F .209 +(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .209(ainst the w)-.05 F .209 +(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 544.8 Q +(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.237 +(After these matches ha)108 561.6 R 1.537 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.237 +(een generated, an).15 F 3.737(ys)-.15 G 1.238 +(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.737 F F13.738 E +F0(and)3.738 E F13.738 E F0 3.376(options is in)108 573.6 R -.2 (vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875(d. When).1 F 3.375 (the command or function is in)5.875 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.375 -(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_LINE)5.876 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_POINT)5.626 E F4(,)A F3 -(COMP_KEY)108 489.6 Q F4(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F3(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25 -(va)2.408 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157 -(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .157 -(Shell V)2.657 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.157(.I)C(f)-5.157 E 3.485(as)108 -501.6 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.485 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G +(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_LINE)5.875 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_POINT)5.625 E F4(,)A F3 +(COMP_KEY)108 585.6 Q F4(,)A F0(and)2.407 E F3(COMP_TYPE)2.657 E F0 -.25 +(va)2.407 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157 +(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .158 +(Shell V)2.658 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.158(.I)C(f)-5.158 E 3.486(as)108 +597.6 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.486 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .986(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_W)3.486 E(ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F3 (COMP_CW)3.486 E(ORD)-.09 E F0 -.25(va)3.236 G .986 -(riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.986 E .347 -(the function or command is in)108 513.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .347 -(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument \()-.18 F F1($1)A F0 2.846(\)i)C -2.846(st)-2.846 G .346(he name of the command whose ar)-2.846 F(guments) --.18 E .263(are being completed, the second ar)108 525.6 R .263 -(gument \()-.18 F F1($2)A F0 2.763(\)i)C 2.763(st)-2.763 G .264(he w) --2.763 F .264(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .264 -(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.764(\)i)C(s)-2.764 E .629(the w)108 537.6 -R .629(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .629 -(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .628 -(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .714(completions ag)108 549.6 R -.714(ainst the w)-.05 F .714(ord being completed is performed; the func\ +(riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.985 E .346 +(the function or command is in)108 609.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .346 +(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument \()-.18 F F1($1)A F0 2.847(\)i)C +2.847(st)-2.847 G .347(he name of the command whose ar)-2.847 F(guments) +-.18 E .264(are being completed, the second ar)108 621.6 R .264 +(gument \()-.18 F F1($2)A F0 2.764(\)i)C 2.764(st)-2.764 G .264(he w) +-2.764 F .263(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .263 +(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.763(\)i)C(s)-2.763 E .628(the w)108 633.6 +R .628(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .629 +(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .629 +(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .715(completions ag)108 645.6 R +.715(ainst the w)-.05 F .714(ord being completed is performed; the func\ tion or command has complete free-)-.1 F(dom in generating the matches.) -108 561.6 Q(An)108 578.4 Q 2.938(yf)-.15 G .437 -(unction speci\214ed with)-2.938 F F12.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F +108 657.6 Q(An)108 674.4 Q 2.937(yf)-.15 G .437 +(unction speci\214ed with)-2.937 F F12.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.937<648c>.1 G 2.937(rst. The)-2.937 F .437 (function may use an)2.937 F 2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437 -(he shell f)-2.937 F .437(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 590.4 Q F1 -(compgen)2.956 E F0 -.2(bu)2.956 G .456(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 --.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .457 +(he shell f)-2.937 F .438(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 686.4 Q F1 +(compgen)2.957 E F0 -.2(bu)2.957 G .457(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 +-.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .456 (It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F3(COMPREPL)108 -602.4 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable, one per array element.)-.25 -E(Ne)108 619.2 Q .081(xt, an)-.15 F 2.581(yc)-.15 G .081 -(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.581 F F12.581 E F0 .081 -(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.581(di).1 G 2.58(na) --2.581 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G -.4(nv)-2.58 G .08(ironment equi).4 F -.25(va) --.25 G .08(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.858(stitution. It)108 631.2 R -.359(should print a list of completions, one per line, to the standard \ -output.)2.858 F .359(Backslash may be used)5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 -643.2 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .377 -(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 660 R 2.877 -<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F12.876 E F0 -.376(option is applied to the)2.876 F 3.181(list. The)108 672 R .681 -(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.181 F .681(xpansion; a) --.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .682(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.182 -F .682(xt of)-.15 F .523(the w)108 684 R .523(ord being completed.)-.1 F -3.023(Al)5.523 G(iteral)-3.023 E F1(&)3.023 E F0 .522 -(may be escaped with a backslash; the backslash is remo)3.022 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 3.022(db).15 G(efore)-3.022 E .849(attempting a match.)108 696 R -(An)5.849 E 3.349(yc)-.15 G .849 -(ompletion that matches the pattern will be remo)-3.349 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.35(df).15 G .85(rom the list.)-3.35 F 3.35(Al)5.85 G(eading)-3.35 E F1 -(!)3.35 E F0(ne)108 708 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G .764 -(tes the pattern; in this case an).05 F 3.264(yc)-.15 G .764 -(ompletion not matching the pattern will be remo)-3.264 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.264(d. If).15 F(the)3.264 E F1(nocase-)3.264 E(match)108 720 Q F0 -(shell option is enabled, the match is performed without re)2.5 E -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 E(GNU Bash 5.0) -72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(52)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +698.4 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable, one per array element.)-.25 +E(Ne)108 715.2 Q .08(xt, an)-.15 F 2.58(yc)-.15 G .08 +(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.58 F F12.58 E F0 .081 +(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.581(di).1 G 2.581(na) +-2.581 G 2.581(ne)-2.581 G -.4(nv)-2.581 G .081(ironment equi).4 F -.25 +(va)-.25 G .081(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.859(stitution. It)108 727.2 +R .359(should print a list of completions, one per line, to the standar\ +d output.)2.859 F .358(Backslash may be used)5.359 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 +Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(52)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 53 53 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(Finally)108 84 Q -3.086(,a)-.65 G .886 -.15(ny p)-3.086 H .586(re\214x and suf).15 F .587 -(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF3.087 E F0 -(and)3.087 E F13.087 E F0 .587 -(options are added to each member of the com-)3.087 F(pletion list, and\ - the result is returned to the readline completion code as the list of \ -possible completions.)108 96 Q .247(If the pre)108 112.8 R .247 -(viously-applied actions do not generate an)-.25 F 2.747(ym)-.15 G .247 -(atches, and the)-2.747 F F1 .247(\255o dir)2.747 F(names)-.15 E F0 .247 -(option w)2.747 F .246(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)108 124.8 Q F0 -(when the compspec w)2.5 E -(as de\214ned, directory name completion is attempted.)-.1 E .461 -(If the)108 141.6 R F1 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.961 F F0 .462(option w) +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(to escape a ne)108 +84 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .376 +(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 100.8 R +2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF2.877 E F0 .377(option is applied to the)2.877 F +3.182(list. The)108 112.8 R .682 +(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.182 F .681(xpansion; a) +-.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .681(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.181 +F .681(xt of)-.15 F .522(the w)108 124.8 R .522(ord being completed.)-.1 +F 3.022(Al)5.522 G(iteral)-3.022 E F1(&)3.022 E F0 .523 +(may be escaped with a backslash; the backslash is remo)3.022 F -.15(ve) +-.15 G 3.023(db).15 G(efore)-3.023 E .85(attempting a match.)108 136.8 R +(An)5.85 E 3.35(yc)-.15 G .849 +(ompletion that matches the pattern will be remo)-3.35 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +3.349(df).15 G .849(rom the list.)-3.349 F 3.349(Al)5.849 G(eading) +-3.349 E F1(!)3.349 E F0(ne)108 148.8 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G .764 +(tes the pattern; in this case an).05 F 3.264(yc)-.15 G .764 +(ompletion not matching the pattern will be remo)-3.264 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +3.264(d. If).15 F(the)3.265 E F1(nocase-)3.265 E(match)108 160.8 Q F0 +(shell option is enabled, the match is performed without re)2.5 E -.05 +(ga)-.15 G(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 E(Finally)108 +177.6 Q 3.087(,a)-.65 G .887 -.15(ny p)-3.087 H .587(re\214x and suf).15 +F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F13.087 E F0(and)3.087 E +F13.087 E F0 .587(options are added to each member of the com-) +3.087 F(pletion list, and the result is returned to the readline comple\ +tion code as the list of possible completions.)108 189.6 Q .246 +(If the pre)108 206.4 R .247(viously-applied actions do not generate an) +-.25 F 2.747(ym)-.15 G .247(atches, and the)-2.747 F F1 .247(\255o dir) +2.747 F(names)-.15 E F0 .247(option w)2.747 F .247(as supplied to)-.1 F +F1(complete)108 218.4 Q F0(when the compspec w)2.5 E +(as de\214ned, directory name completion is attempted.)-.1 E .462 +(If the)108 235.2 R F1 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.962 F F0 .462(option w) 2.962 F .462(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)2.962 E F0 .462 (when the compspec w)2.962 F .462(as de\214ned, directory name com-)-.1 -F(pletion is attempted and an)108 153.6 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G -(atches are added to the results of the other actions.)-2.5 E .56 -(By def)108 170.4 R .56(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.06(ri).15 G 3.06(tg)-3.06 G .559 -(enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.06 F -.631(of possible completions.)108 182.4 R .631(The def)5.631 F(ault)-.1 -E F1(bash)3.131 E F0 .631 -(completions are not attempted, and the readline def)3.131 F .632 -(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .559(name completion is disabled.)108 194.4 R -.559(If the)5.559 F F1 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w) -3.059 F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.058 E F0 .558 -(when the compspec)3.058 F -.1(wa)108 206.4 S 3.171(sd).1 G .671 -(e\214ned, the)-3.171 F F1(bash)3.171 E F0(def)3.171 E .671 +F(pletion is attempted and an)108 247.2 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G +(atches are added to the results of the other actions.)-2.5 E .559 +(By def)108 264 R .559(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.059(ri).15 G 3.059(tg)-3.059 G .56 +(enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.059 F +.632(of possible completions.)108 276 R .632(The def)5.632 F(ault)-.1 E +F1(bash)3.132 E F0 .631 +(completions are not attempted, and the readline def)3.131 F .631 +(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .558(name completion is disabled.)108 288 R .558 +(If the)5.558 F F1 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w)3.059 +F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.059 E F0 .559 +(when the compspec)3.059 F -.1(wa)108 300 S 3.172(sd).1 G .672 +(e\214ned, the)-3.172 F F1(bash)3.172 E F0(def)3.172 E .671 (ault completions are attempted if the compspec generates no matches.) --.1 F .672(If the)5.672 F F13.172 E(default)108 218.4 Q F0 1.207 -(option w)3.707 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.707 E F0 +-.1 F .671(If the)5.671 F F13.171 E(default)108 312 Q F0 1.207 +(option w)3.706 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.707 E F0 1.207(when the compspec w)3.707 F 1.207(as de\214ned, readline')-.1 F -3.707(sd)-.55 G(ef)-3.707 E 1.206(ault completion)-.1 F -(will be performed if the compspec \(and, if attempted, the def)108 -230.4 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.) -2.5 E .245(When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is \ -desired, the programmable completion func-)108 247.2 R .633(tions force\ - readline to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic links\ - to directories, subject)108 259.2 R 2.761(to the v)108 271.2 R 2.761 -(alue of the)-.25 F F1(mark\255dir)5.261 E(ectories)-.18 E F0 2.761 -(readline v)5.261 F 2.761(ariable, re)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.762 -(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F1(mark-sym-)5.262 E(link)108 283.2 +3.707(sd)-.55 G(ef)-3.707 E 1.207(ault completion)-.1 F +(will be performed if the compspec \(and, if attempted, the def)108 324 +Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.)2.5 E +.245(When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is desire\ +d, the programmable completion func-)108 340.8 R .632(tions force readl\ +ine to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic links to di\ +rectories, subject)108 352.8 R 2.762(to the v)108 364.8 R 2.762 +(alue of the)-.25 F F1(mark\255dir)5.262 E(ectories)-.18 E F0 2.761 +(readline v)5.262 F 2.761(ariable, re)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.761 +(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F1(mark-sym-)5.261 E(link)108 376.8 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(readline v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E -.191(There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.)108 -300 R .19(This is most useful when used in combina-)5.191 F 1.172 -(tion with a def)108 312 R 1.172(ault completion speci\214ed with)-.1 F -F1 1.172(complete \255D)3.672 F F0 6.172(.I)C(t')-6.172 E 3.672(sp)-.55 -G 1.172(ossible for shell functions e)-3.672 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.172 +.19(There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.)108 +393.6 R .191(This is most useful when used in combina-)5.191 F 1.172 +(tion with a def)108 405.6 R 1.172(ault completion speci\214ed with)-.1 +F F1 1.172(complete \255D)3.672 F F0 6.172(.I)C(t')-6.172 E 3.672(sp) +-.55 G 1.172(ossible for shell functions e)-3.672 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.172 (cuted as).15 F .93(completion handlers to indicate that completion sho\ -uld be retried by returning an e)108 324 R .93(xit status of 124.)-.15 F -.93(If a)5.93 F .1(shell function returns 124, and changes the compspec\ - associated with the command on which completion is)108 336 R .666 -(being attempted \(supplied as the \214rst ar)108 348 R .665 -(gument when the function is e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .665 -(cuted\), programmable completion).15 F .083(restarts from the be)108 -360 R .084(ginning, with an attempt to \214nd a ne)-.15 F 2.584(wc)-.25 -G .084(ompspec for that command.)-2.584 F .084(This allo)5.084 F .084 -(ws a set of)-.25 F(completions to be b)108 372 Q(uilt dynamically as c\ -ompletion is attempted, rather than being loaded all at once.)-.2 E -.15 -(Fo)108 388.8 S 2.637(ri).15 G .137 -(nstance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each k)-2.637 F +uld be retried by returning an e)108 417.6 R .93(xit status of 124.)-.15 +F .93(If a)5.93 F .1(shell function returns 124, and changes the compsp\ +ec associated with the command on which completion is)108 429.6 R .665 +(being attempted \(supplied as the \214rst ar)108 441.6 R .666 +(gument when the function is e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .666 +(cuted\), programmable completion).15 F .084(restarts from the be)108 +453.6 R .084(ginning, with an attempt to \214nd a ne)-.15 F 2.584(wc) +-.25 G .084(ompspec for that command.)-2.584 F .083(This allo)5.083 F +.083(ws a set of)-.25 F(completions to be b)108 465.6 Q(uilt dynamicall\ +y as completion is attempted, rather than being loaded all at once.)-.2 +E -.15(Fo)108 482.4 S 2.636(ri).15 G .137 +(nstance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each k)-2.636 F .137(ept in a \214le corresponding to the name of)-.1 F -(the command, the follo)108 400.8 Q(wing def)-.25 E +(the command, the follo)108 494.4 Q(wing def)-.25 E (ault completion function w)-.1 E(ould load completions dynamically:)-.1 -E/F2 10/Courier@0 SF(_completion_loader\(\))108 417.6 Q({)108 429.6 Q 6 -(.")144 441.6 S +E/F2 10/Courier@0 SF(_completion_loader\(\))108 511.2 Q({)108 523.2 Q 6 +(.")144 535.2 S (/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124)-6 E(})108 -453.6 Q(complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default)108 -465.6 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 494.4 Q(OR)-.197 E(Y)-.383 E F0 -.371(When the)108 506.4 R F1 .371(\255o history)2.871 F F0 .371 -(option to the)2.871 F F1(set)2.872 E F0 -.2(bu)2.872 G .372 -(iltin is enabled, the shell pro).2 F .372(vides access to the)-.15 F/F4 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF .372(command history)2.872 F F0(,)A .305 -(the list of commands pre)108 518.4 R .305(viously typed.)-.25 F .305 -(The v)5.305 F .304(alue of the)-.25 F/F5 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTSIZE) -2.804 E F0 -.25(va)2.554 G .304(riable is used as the number of com-).25 -F .429(mands to sa)108 530.4 R .729 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.929(nah).15 G .429 -(istory list.)-2.929 F .429(The te)5.429 F .429(xt of the last)-.15 F F5 -(HISTSIZE)2.93 E F0 .43(commands \(def)2.68 F .43(ault 500\) is sa)-.1 F --.15(ve)-.2 G 2.93(d. 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When).25 F 3.638(as) +3.638 G 1.138(hell with history enabled e)-3.638 F 1.139(xits, the last) +-.15 F F1($HISTSIZE)3.639 E F0 1.433 +(lines are copied from the history list to)108 108 R F1($HISTFILE)3.933 +E/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.433(If the)5.933 F/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(histappend)3.933 E F0 1.433(shell option is enabled \(see the)3.933 F +1.238(description of)108 120 R F3(shopt)3.738 E F0(under)3.738 E F1 +1.238(SHELL B)3.738 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.238(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo) +3.488 E 1.239(w\), the lines are appended to the history)-.25 F .667 +(\214le, otherwise the history \214le is o)108 132 R -.15(ve)-.15 G +3.167(rwritten. If).15 F F1(HISTFILE)3.167 E F0 .667 +(is unset, or if the history \214le is unwritable, the)2.917 F .598 +(history is not sa)108 144 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.098(d. If).15 F(the)3.098 E +F1(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.098 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.848 G .598 +(riable is set, time stamps are written to the history \214le,).25 F +(mark)108 156 Q .51(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 3.01(,s) +-.4 G 3.009(ot)-3.01 G(he)-3.009 E 3.009(ym)-.15 G .509(ay be preserv) +-3.009 F .509(ed across shell sessions.)-.15 F .509(This uses the)5.509 +F .384(history comment character to distinguish timestamps from other h\ +istory lines.)108 168 R .385(After sa)5.384 F .385(ving the history)-.2 +F 2.885(,t)-.65 G(he)-2.885 E .381 +(history \214le is truncated to contain no more than)108 180 R F1 +(HISTFILESIZE)2.88 E F0 2.88(lines. If)2.63 F F1(HISTFILESIZE)2.88 E F0 +.38(is unset, or set to)2.63 F(null, a non-numeric v)108 192 Q (alue, or a numeric v)-.25 E -(alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 E .299 -(The b)108 112.8 R .299(uiltin command)-.2 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(fc) -2.799 E F0(\(see)2.799 E F1 .299(SHELL B)2.799 F(UIL)-.09 E .299 -(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.549 E .298 -(w\) may be used to list or edit and re-e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E -.471(cute a portion of the history list.)108 124.8 R(The)5.471 E F2 -(history)2.971 E F0 -.2(bu)2.971 G .472 -(iltin may be used to display or modify the history list and).2 F .002 -(manipulate the history \214le.)108 136.8 R .001 -(When using command-line editing, search commands are a)5.002 F -.25(va) --.2 G .001(ilable in each edit-).25 F(ing mode that pro)108 148.8 Q -(vide access to the history list.)-.15 E 1.485(The shell allo)108 165.6 -R 1.485(ws control o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.986(rw).15 G 1.486 +(alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 E .298 +(The b)108 208.8 R .298(uiltin command)-.2 F F3(fc)2.798 E F0(\(see) +2.798 E F1 .298(SHELL B)2.798 F(UIL)-.09 E .298(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 +(belo)2.549 E .299(w\) may be used to list or edit and re-e)-.25 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E .472(cute a portion of the history list.)108 220.8 R +(The)5.472 E F3(history)2.972 E F0 -.2(bu)2.972 G .471 +(iltin may be used to display or modify the history list and).2 F .001 +(manipulate the history \214le.)108 232.8 R .001 +(When using command-line editing, search commands are a)5.001 F -.25(va) +-.2 G .002(ilable in each edit-).25 F(ing mode that pro)108 244.8 Q +(vide access to the history list.)-.15 E 1.486(The shell allo)108 261.6 +R 1.486(ws control o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.986(rw).15 G 1.486 (hich commands are sa)-3.986 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.986(do).15 G 3.986(nt) --3.986 G 1.486(he history list.)-3.986 F(The)6.486 E F1(HISTCONTR)3.986 -E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.736 E F1(HISTIGNORE)108 177.6 Q F0 -.25(va)2.708 G -.458(riables may be set to cause the shell to sa).25 F .757 -.15(ve o) --.2 H .457(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.457 E F2 -(cmdhist)108 189.6 Q F0 .75 +-3.986 G 1.486(he history list.)-3.986 F(The)6.485 E F1(HISTCONTR)3.985 +E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.735 E F1(HISTIGNORE)108 273.6 Q F0 -.25(va)2.707 G +.457(riables may be set to cause the shell to sa).25 F .758 -.15(ve o) +-.2 H .458(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.458 E F3 +(cmdhist)108 285.6 Q F0 .75 (shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to sa)3.25 F 1.05 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .75(ach line of a multi-line command in).15 F 1.077 -(the same history entry)108 201.6 R 3.577(,a)-.65 G 1.077 +(the same history entry)108 297.6 R 3.577(,a)-.65 G 1.077 (dding semicolons where necessary to preserv)-3.577 F 3.577(es)-.15 G -1.077(yntactic correctness.)-3.577 F(The)6.077 E F2(lithist)3.576 E F0 -.373(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 213.6 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2 -H .374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .374 -(wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .374(See the)5.374 F .319 -(description of the)108 225.6 R F2(shopt)2.819 E F0 -.2(bu)2.819 G .318 +1.077(yntactic correctness.)-3.577 F(The)6.077 E F3(lithist)3.577 E F0 +.374(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 309.6 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2 +H .374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .373 +(wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .373(See the)5.373 F .318 +(description of the)108 321.6 R F3(shopt)2.818 E F0 -.2(bu)2.818 G .318 (iltin belo).2 F 2.818(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.818 E F1 .318(SHELL B)2.818 F -(UIL)-.09 E .318(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .318 +(UIL)-.09 E .318(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .319 (for information on setting and)2.568 F(unsetting shell options.)108 -237.6 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 254.4 Q(OR)-.197 E 2.738(YE) --.383 G(XP)-2.738 E(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .61(The shell supports a history e) -108 266.4 R .611(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15 -F .611(xpansion in)-.15 F F2(csh)3.111 E F0 5.611(.T)C .611(his section) --5.611 F .871(describes what syntax features are a)108 278.4 R -.25(va) --.2 G 3.371(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def)3.371 F -.87(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.17 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .87(hells, and).15 F -2.013(can be disabled using the)108 290.4 R F2(+H)4.514 E F0 2.014 -(option to the)4.514 F F2(set)4.514 E F0 -.2(bu)4.514 G 2.014 -(iltin command \(see).2 F F1 2.014(SHELL B)4.514 F(UIL)-.09 E 2.014 -(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)108 302.4 Q 2.5(w\). Non-interacti)-.25 F +333.6 Q/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 350.4 Q(OR)-.197 E 2.738(YE) +-.383 G(XP)-2.738 E(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .611 +(The shell supports a history e)108 362.4 R .611 +(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15 F .61 +(xpansion in)-.15 F F3(csh)3.11 E F0 5.61(.T)C .61(his section)-5.61 F +.87(describes what syntax features are a)108 374.4 R -.25(va)-.2 G 3.371 +(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def)3.371 F .871 +(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.171 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .871(hells, and).15 F +2.014(can be disabled using the)108 386.4 R F3(+H)4.514 E F0 2.014 +(option to the)4.514 F F3(set)4.514 E F0 -.2(bu)4.514 G 2.014 +(iltin command \(see).2 F F1 2.013(SHELL B)4.513 F(UIL)-.09 E 2.013 +(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)108 398.4 Q 2.5(w\). Non-interacti)-.25 F .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells do not perform history e).15 E -(xpansion by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E 1.306(History e)108 319.2 R 1.306 +(xpansion by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E 1.305(History e)108 415.2 R 1.305 (xpansions introduce w)-.15 F 1.306(ords from the history list into the\ - input stream, making it easy to repeat)-.1 F .209 -(commands, insert the ar)108 331.2 R .209(guments to a pre)-.18 F .21 + input stream, making it easy to repeat)-.1 F .21 +(commands, insert the ar)108 427.2 R .21(guments to a pre)-.18 F .209 (vious command into the current input line, or \214x errors in pre)-.25 -F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 343.2 Q(.)-.65 E 1.164(History e)108 -360 R 1.163(xpansion is performed immediately after a complete line is \ -read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 372 S .251 +F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 439.2 Q(.)-.65 E 1.163(History e)108 +456 R 1.163(xpansion is performed immediately after a complete line is \ +read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 468 S .252 (rds, and is performed on each line indi).1 F .251 -(vidually without taking quoting on pre)-.25 F .252 -(vious lines into account.)-.25 F(It)5.252 E(tak)108 384 Q .146 -(es place in tw)-.1 F 2.646(op)-.1 G 2.646(arts. The)-2.646 F .146(\214\ +(vidually without taking quoting on pre)-.25 F .251 +(vious lines into account.)-.25 F(It)5.251 E(tak)108 480 Q .145 +(es place in tw)-.1 F 2.645(op)-.1 G 2.646(arts. The)-2.645 F .146(\214\ rst is to determine which line from the history list to use during subs\ titution.)2.646 F .766(The second is to select portions of that line fo\ -r inclusion into the current one.)108 396 R .767 -(The line selected from the)5.767 F .254(history is the)108 408 R/F4 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ev)2.754 G(ent).15 E F0 2.753(,a)C .253 -(nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-2.753 F F4(wor) -2.753 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.253(.V)C(arious)-6.363 E F4(modi\214er)2.753 E(s) --.1 E F0 .253(are a)2.753 F -.25(va)-.2 G(il-).25 E .538 -(able to manipulate the selected w)108 420 R 3.038(ords. The)-.1 F .538 -(line is brok)3.038 F .538(en into w)-.1 F .539(ords in the same f)-.1 F -.539(ashion as when reading)-.1 F .573(input, so that se)108 432 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F4(metac)3.073 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .572 +r inclusion into the current one.)108 492 R .766 +(The line selected from the)5.766 F .253(history is the)108 504 R/F5 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ev)2.753 G(ent).15 E F0 2.753(,a)C .253 +(nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-2.753 F F5(wor) +2.753 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.253(.V)C(arious)-6.363 E F5(modi\214er)2.754 E(s) +-.1 E F0 .254(are a)2.754 F -.25(va)-.2 G(il-).25 E .539 +(able to manipulate the selected w)108 516 R 3.039(ords. The)-.1 F .538 +(line is brok)3.038 F .538(en into w)-.1 F .538(ords in the same f)-.1 F +.538(ashion as when reading)-.1 F .572(input, so that se)108 528 R -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F5(metac)3.072 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .572 (-separated w)B .572(ords surrounded by quotes are considered one w)-.1 -F 3.072(ord. His-)-.1 F .355(tory e)108 444 R .355 +F 3.073(ord. His-)-.1 F .356(tory e)108 540 R .355 (xpansions are introduced by the appearance of the history e)-.15 F .355 -(xpansion character)-.15 F 2.855(,w)-.4 G .356(hich is)-2.855 F F2(!) -3.689 E F0 .356(by def)3.689 F(ault.)-.1 E .791(Only backslash \()108 -456 R F2(\\).833 E F0 3.291(\)a).833 G .79 -(nd single quotes can quote the history e)-3.291 F .79 -(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.29(,b)-.4 G .79(ut the history e)-3.49 F +(xpansion character)-.15 F 2.855(,w)-.4 G .355(hich is)-2.855 F F3(!) +3.688 E F0 .355(by def)3.688 F(ault.)-.1 E .79(Only backslash \()108 552 +R F3(\\).833 E F0 3.29(\)a).833 G .79 +(nd single quotes can quote the history e)-3.29 F .79 +(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.291(,b)-.4 G .791(ut the history e)-3.491 F (xpansion)-.15 E .789(character is also treated as quoted if it immedia\ -tely precedes the closing double quote in a double-quoted)108 468 R -(string.)108 480 Q(Se)108 496.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .03 +tely precedes the closing double quote in a double-quoted)108 564 R +(string.)108 576 Q(Se)108 592.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .03 (ral characters inhibit history e).15 F .03 (xpansion if found immediately follo)-.15 F .03(wing the history e)-.25 -F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 508.8 T -3.162(ni).25 G 3.162(fi)-3.162 G 3.162(ti)-3.162 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G +F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 604.8 T +3.163(ni).25 G 3.163(fi)-3.163 G 3.162(ti)-3.163 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G .662(nquoted: space, tab, ne)-3.162 F .662(wline, carriage return, and) --.25 F F2(=)3.162 E F0 5.662(.I)C 3.162(ft)-5.662 G(he)-3.162 E F2 -(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F2(\()3.163 E -F0(will also inhibit e)108 520.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 537.6 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .11(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F2(shopt)2.61 E -F0 -.2(bu)2.61 G .109(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .109 -(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.142(If the)108 549.6 R F2 +-.25 F F3(=)3.162 E F0 5.662(.I)C 3.162(ft)-5.662 G(he)-3.162 E F3 +(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F3(\()3.162 E +F0(will also inhibit e)108 616.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 633.6 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G .109(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F3(shopt)2.609 +E F0 -.2(bu)2.609 G .11(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .11 +(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.143(If the)108 645.6 R F3 (histv)3.643 E(erify)-.1 E F0 1.143 -(shell option is enabled \(see the description of the)3.643 F F2(shopt) -3.643 E F0 -.2(bu)3.643 G 1.143(iltin belo).2 F 1.143(w\), and)-.25 F F2 --.18(re)3.643 G(adline).18 E F0(is)3.643 E .461(being used, history sub\ -stitutions are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108 561.6 R -5.46(.I)-.55 G .46(nstead, the e)-5.46 F .46(xpanded line)-.15 F 1.515 -(is reloaded into the)108 573.6 R F2 -.18(re)4.015 G(adline).18 E F0 -1.515(editing b)4.015 F(uf)-.2 E 1.516(fer for further modi\214cation.) --.25 F(If)6.516 E F2 -.18(re)4.016 G(adline).18 E F0 1.516 -(is being used, and the)4.016 F F2(histr)108 585.6 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 -1.202(shell option is enabled, a f)3.702 F 1.202 -(ailed history substitution will be reloaded into the)-.1 F F2 -.18(re) -3.702 G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.702 E -.2(bu)108 597.6 S -.25(ff).2 G -1.16(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.16 E F23.66 E F0 1.16 -(option to the)3.66 F F2(history)3.66 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.161 -(iltin command may be used to see what a history).2 F -.15(ex)108 609.6 -S .056(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.056 E F22.556 -E F0 .056(option to the)2.556 F F2(history)2.555 E F0 -.2(bu)2.555 G -.055(iltin may be used to add commands to the).2 F -(end of the history list without actually e)108 621.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(shell option is enabled \(see the description of the)3.643 F F3(shopt) +3.643 E F0 -.2(bu)3.643 G 1.143(iltin belo).2 F 1.143(w\), and)-.25 F F3 +-.18(re)3.643 G(adline).18 E F0(is)3.642 E .461(being used, history sub\ +stitutions are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108 657.6 R +5.461(.I)-.55 G .461(nstead, the e)-5.461 F .461(xpanded line)-.15 F +1.516(is reloaded into the)108 669.6 R F3 -.18(re)4.016 G(adline).18 E +F0 1.516(editing b)4.016 F(uf)-.2 E 1.516 +(fer for further modi\214cation.)-.25 F(If)6.516 E F3 -.18(re)4.015 G +(adline).18 E F0 1.515(is being used, and the)4.015 F F3(histr)108 681.6 +Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 1.202(shell option is enabled, a f)3.702 F 1.202 +(ailed history substitution will be reloaded into the)-.1 F F3 -.18(re) +3.702 G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.702 E -.2(bu)108 693.6 S -.25(ff).2 G +1.161(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.161 E F33.661 E F0 1.161 +(option to the)3.661 F F3(history)3.661 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.16 +(iltin command may be used to see what a history).2 F -.15(ex)108 705.6 +S .055(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.055 E F32.555 +E F0 .055(option to the)2.555 F F3(history)2.556 E F0 -.2(bu)2.556 G +.056(iltin may be used to add commands to the).2 F +(end of the history list without actually e)108 717.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cuting them, so that the).15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re a)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E 2.2(The shell allo)108 638.4 R 2.2 -(ws control of the v)-.25 F 2.2(arious characters used by the history e) --.25 F 2.2(xpansion mechanism \(see the)-.15 F 1.147(description of)108 -650.4 R F2(histchars)3.647 E F0(abo)3.647 E 1.447 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder) -.15 E F2 1.147(Shell V)3.647 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 3.646(\). The)B 1.146 -(shell uses the history comment character to)3.646 F -(mark history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 662.4 Q F2 -(Ev)87 679.2 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .204(An e)108 691.2 R -.15(ve) --.25 G .204(nt designator is a reference to a command line entry in the\ - history list.).15 F .205(Unless the reference is abso-)5.204 F(lute, e) -108 703.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nts are relati).15 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.5 -(ot).15 G(he current position in the history list.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.0) -72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(54)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21) +148.175 E(54)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 55 55 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(!)108 84 Q F0 1.608(Start a history substitution, e)144 84 R 1.608 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 2.2 +(The shell allo)108 84 R 2.2(ws control of the v)-.25 F 2.2 +(arious characters used by the history e)-.25 F 2.2 +(xpansion mechanism \(see the)-.15 F 1.146(description of)108 96 R/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(histchars)3.646 E F0(abo)3.646 E 1.446 -.15(ve u)-.15 H +(nder).15 E F1 1.146(Shell V)3.646 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 3.646(\). The)B +1.147(shell uses the history comment character to)3.646 F +(mark history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 108 Q F1 +(Ev)87 124.8 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .205(An e)108 136.8 R -.15(ve) +-.25 G .204(nt designator is a reference to a command line entry in the\ + history list.).15 F .204(Unless the reference is abso-)5.204 F(lute, e) +108 148.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nts are relati).15 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.5 +(ot).15 G(he current position in the history list.)-2.5 E F1(!)108 165.6 +Q F0 1.607(Start a history substitution, e)144 165.6 R 1.607 (xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F1(blank)4.107 E F0 4.107 -(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.607(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F -(\(when the)144 96 Q F1(extglob)2.5 E F0 +(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.608(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F +(\(when the)144 177.6 Q F1(extglob)2.5 E F0 (shell option is enabled using the)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin\).).2 E F1(!)108 108 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 -(Refer to command line)144 108 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F1<21ad>108 120 Q -F2(n)A F0(Refer to the current command minus)144 120 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(.) -.24 E F1(!!)108 132 Q F0(Refer to the pre)144 132 Q(vious command.)-.25 -E(This is a synon)5 E(ym for `!\2551'.)-.15 E F1(!)108 144 Q F2(string)A -F0 .865(Refer to the most recent command preceding the current position\ - in the history list starting with)144 144 R F2(string)144 156 Q F0(.) -.22 E F1(!?)108 168 Q F2(string)A F1([?])A F0 1.503(Refer to the most r\ -ecent command preceding the current position in the history list contai\ -ning)144 180 R F2(string)144 192 Q F0 5(.T).22 G(he trailing)-5 E F1(?) -2.5 E F0(may be omitted if)2.5 E F2(string)2.84 E F0(is follo)2.72 E -(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 E(wline.)-.25 E/F3 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(^) -108 209 Q F2(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 .783 -(Quick substitution.)144 216 R .783(Repeat the pre)5.783 F .784 -(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F2(string1)3.624 E F0(with)3.284 E F2 -(string2)3.284 E F0 5.784(.E).02 G(qui)-5.784 E -.25(va)-.25 G .784 -(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 228 S(!!:s/).74 E F2(string1)A F0(/)A F2 -(string2)A F0(/')A 2.5('\()-.74 G(see)-2.5 E F1(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0 -(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(!#)108 240 Q F0 -(The entire command line typed so f)144 240 Q(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1 -.75 -(Wo)87 256.8 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 268.8 S 1.314 +(iltin\).).2 E F1(!)108 189.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 +(Refer to command line)144 189.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F1<21ad>108 +201.6 Q F2(n)A F0(Refer to the current command minus)144 201.6 Q F2(n) +2.5 E F0(.).24 E F1(!!)108 213.6 Q F0(Refer to the pre)144 213.6 Q +(vious command.)-.25 E(This is a synon)5 E(ym for `!\2551'.)-.15 E F1(!) +108 225.6 Q F2(string)A F0 .865(Refer to the most recent command preced\ +ing the current position in the history list starting with)144 225.6 R +F2(string)144 237.6 Q F0(.).22 E F1(!?)108 249.6 Q F2(string)A F1([?])A +F0 1.503(Refer to the most recent command preceding the current positio\ +n in the history list containing)144 261.6 R F2(string)144 273.6 Q F0 5 +(.T).22 G(he trailing)-5 E F1(?)2.5 E F0(may be omitted if)2.5 E F2 +(string)2.84 E F0(is follo)2.72 E(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 E(wline.) +-.25 E/F3 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(^)108 290.6 Q F2(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F2 +(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 .784(Quick substitution.)144 297.6 R .784 +(Repeat the pre)5.784 F .784(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F2(string1) +3.624 E F0(with)3.283 E F2(string2)3.283 E F0 5.783(.E).02 G(qui)-5.783 +E -.25(va)-.25 G .783(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 309.6 S(!!:s/).74 E F2 +(string1)A F0(/)A F2(string2)A F0(/')A 2.5('\()-.74 G(see)-2.5 E F1 +(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(!#)108 321.6 Q F0 +(The entire command line typed so f)144 321.6 Q(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1 +-.75(Wo)87 338.4 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 350.4 S 1.313 (rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314(ords from the e) --.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F1(:)3.814 E F0 1.313 -(separates the e)3.813 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.313(nt speci\214cation).15 F -.529(from the w)108 280.8 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G +-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F1(:)3.814 E F0 1.314 +(separates the e)3.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.314(nt speci\214cation).15 F +.53(from the w)108 362.4 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G 3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529 (ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F1(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F1 ($)3.029 E F0(,)A F1(*)3.029 E F0(,)A F13.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r) --3.029 E F1(%)3.029 E F0 5.53(.W)C(ords)-6.33 E 1.301 -(are numbered from the be)108 292.8 R 1.301 -(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.3 -(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.3 G 1.3(rds are).8 F -(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 304.8 Q -F1 2.5(0\()108 321.6 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 333.6 Q +-3.029 E F1(%)3.029 E F0 5.529(.W)C(ords)-6.329 E 1.3 +(are numbered from the be)108 374.4 R 1.3 +(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.301 +(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.301 G 1.301(rds are).8 +F(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 386.4 Q +F1 2.5(0\()108 403.2 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 415.2 Q 2.5(ord. F)-.1 F(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E -F2(n)108.36 345.6 Q F0(The)144 345.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E -F1(^)108 357.6 Q F0(The \214rst ar)144 357.6 Q 2.5(gument. That)-.18 F -(is, w)2.5 E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 369.6 Q F0 .063(The last w)144 369.6 -R 2.563(ord. This)-.1 F .063(is usually the last ar)2.563 F .064 +F2(n)108.36 427.2 Q F0(The)144 427.2 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E +F1(^)108 439.2 Q F0(The \214rst ar)144 439.2 Q 2.5(gument. That)-.18 F +(is, w)2.5 E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 451.2 Q F0 .064(The last w)144 451.2 +R 2.564(ord. This)-.1 F .064(is usually the last ar)2.564 F .064 (gument, b)-.18 F .064(ut will e)-.2 F .064(xpand to the zeroth w)-.15 F -.064(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 381.6 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E -F1(%)108 393.6 Q F0(The w)144 393.6 Q(ord matched by the most recent `?) --.1 E F2(string)A F0(?' search.)A F2(x)108.77 405.6 Q F1A F2(y)A F0 -2.5(Ar)144 405.6 S(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C -(bbre)-2.5 E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)108 417.6 Q F0 -.316(All of the w)144 417.6 R .316(ords b)-.1 F .316(ut the zeroth.)-.2 +.063(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 463.2 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E +F1(%)108 475.2 Q F0(The w)144 475.2 Q(ord matched by the most recent `?) +-.1 E F2(string)A F0(?' search.)A F2(x)108.77 487.2 Q F1A F2(y)A F0 +2.5(Ar)144 487.2 S(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C +(bbre)-2.5 E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)108 499.2 Q F0 +.315(All of the w)144 499.2 R .315(ords b)-.1 F .315(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815 -('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F1(*)2.815 E F0 .315 -(if there is)2.815 F(just one w)144 429.6 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve) +('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F1(*)2.816 E F0 .316 +(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 511.2 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve) -.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 E F1(x*)108 -441.6 Q F0(Abbre)144 441.6 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -<78ad>108 453.6 Q F0(Abbre)144 453.6 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0 +523.2 Q F0(Abbre)144 523.2 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +<78ad>108 535.2 Q F0(Abbre)144 535.2 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0 (lik)2.5 E(e)-.1 E F1(x*)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E -(ord.)-.1 E(If a w)108 470.4 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e) --.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E +(ord.)-.1 E(If a w)108 552 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 +E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E (vious command is used as the e)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1 -(Modi\214ers)87 487.2 Q F0 .183(After the optional w)108 499.2 R .183 -(ord designator)-.1 F 2.683(,t)-.4 G .184 -(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.683 F .184 -(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 511.2 Q F1(h)108 -528 Q F0(Remo)144 528 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H +(Modi\214ers)87 568.8 Q F0 .184(After the optional w)108 580.8 R .184 +(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4 G .183 +(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F .183 +(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 592.8 Q F1(h)108 +609.6 Q F0(Remo)144 609.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H (railing \214lename component, lea).15 E(ving only the head.)-.2 E F1(t) -108 540 Q F0(Remo)144 540 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H +108 621.6 Q F0(Remo)144 621.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H (ll leading \214lename components, lea).15 E(ving the tail.)-.2 E F1(r) -108 552 Q F0(Remo)144 552 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E +108 633.6 Q F0(Remo)144 633.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E (\214x of the form)-.25 E F2(.xxx)2.5 E F0 2.5(,l)C(ea)-2.5 E -(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 564 Q F0(Remo)144 564 Q .3 -.15(ve a) --.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 576 Q -F0(Print the ne)144 576 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E(ut do not e)-.2 -E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 588 Q F0 -(Quote the substituted w)144 588 Q -(ords, escaping further substitutions.)-.1 E F1(x)108 600 Q F0 -(Quote the substituted w)144 600 Q(ords as with)-.1 E F1(q)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(,b)C(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks)2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 -E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 612 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A -F0(Substitute)144 624 Q F2(ne)3.082 E(w)-.15 E F0 .221 -(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.032 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221(in the e) +(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 645.6 Q F0(Remo)144 645.6 Q .3 -.15 +(ve a)-.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 +657.6 Q F0(Print the ne)144 657.6 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E +(ut do not e)-.2 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 669.6 Q F0 +(Quote the substituted w)144 669.6 Q +(ords, escaping further substitutions.)-.1 E F1(x)108 681.6 Q F0 +(Quote the substituted w)144 681.6 Q(ords as with)-.1 E F1(q)2.5 E F0 +2.5(,b)C(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks)2.5 E F0(and ne) +2.5 E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 693.6 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E +F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 705.6 Q F2(ne)3.081 E(w)-.15 E F0 .221 +(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.031 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221(in the e) 3.491 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .221(nt line.).15 F(An)5.221 E 2.721(yd)-.15 G -.221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .616(of /.)144 636 R .617 +.221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .617(of /.)144 717.6 R .617 (The \214nal delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e) -5.616 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .617(The delimiter may)5.617 -F .666(be quoted in)144 648 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne)3.526 -E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666 +5.617 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .616(The delimiter may)5.616 +F .666(be quoted in)144 729.6 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne) +3.526 E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666 (If & appears in)5.666 F F2(ne)3.166 E(w)-.15 E F0 3.166(,i).31 G 3.166 (ti)-3.166 G 3.166(sr)-3.166 G .666(eplaced by)-3.166 F F2(old)3.166 E -F0 5.666(.A).77 G .274(single backslash will quote the &.)144 660 R(If) -5.274 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544 F F2 -(old)3.005 E F0 .275(substituted, or)3.545 F 2.775(,i)-.4 G 2.775(fn) --2.775 G 2.775(op)-2.775 G(re)-2.775 E(vi-)-.25 E -(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 672 Q F2(string)2.84 -E F0(in a)2.72 E F1(!?)2.5 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0(search.)5 E F1(&) -108 684 Q F0(Repeat the pre)144 684 Q(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1(g) -108 696 Q F0 .398(Cause changes to be applied o)144 696 R -.15(ve)-.15 G -2.898(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.898 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.) -.15 F .397(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.897 -('\()C(e.g.,)-2.897 E(`)144 708 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w) --.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.218('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.718('. If)B 1.218 -(used with `)3.718 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.219 -(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .09 -(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 720 R --.15(ve)-.25 G .089(nt line.).15 F(An)5.089 E F1(a)2.589 E F0 .089 -(may be used as a synon)2.589 F .089(ym for)-.15 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q -(2019 May 20)148.175 E(55)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +F0 5.666(.A).77 G(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(55) +197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 56 56 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(g)144 84 Q F0(.)A F1(G)108 96 Q F0(Apply the follo)144 96 Q(wing `) --.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e) --.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt line.).15 E/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 -112.8 Q(UIL)-.11 E(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062 -(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 124.8 R .062(uiltin command documen\ -ted in this section as accepting options preceded by)-.2 F F1108 -136.8 Q F0(accepts)3.077 E F13.077 E F0 .577 -(to signify the end of the options.)3.077 F(The)5.577 E F1(:)3.077 E F0 -(,)A F1(true)3.077 E F0(,)A F1(false)3.077 E F0 3.077(,a)C(nd)-3.077 E -F1(test)3.077 E F0(/)A F1([)A F0 -.2(bu)3.077 G .577 -(iltins do not accept options).2 F .461(and do not treat)108 148.8 R F1 -2.961 E F0(specially)2.961 E 5.461(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.461 E F1(exit) -2.961 E F0(,)A F1(logout)2.961 E F0(,)A F1 -.18(re)2.961 G(tur).18 E(n) --.15 E F0(,)A F1(br)2.961 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F1(continue)2.961 E F0(,)A -F1(let)2.961 E F0 2.961(,a)C(nd)-2.961 E F1(shift)2.961 E F0 -.2(bu) -2.962 G .462(iltins accept and).2 F .261(process ar)108 160.8 R .261 -(guments be)-.18 F .261(ginning with)-.15 F F12.761 E F0 .261 -(without requiring)2.761 F F12.761 E F0 5.261(.O)C .261(ther b) --5.261 F .26(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .26(guments b)-.18 F .26 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .275 +(single backslash will quote the &.)144 84 R(If)5.275 E/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last) +3.544 F F1(old)3.004 E F0 .274(substituted, or)3.544 F 2.774(,i)-.4 G +2.774(fn)-2.774 G 2.774(op)-2.774 G(re)-2.774 E(vi-)-.25 E +(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 96 Q F1(string)2.84 +E F0(in a)2.72 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(!?)2.5 E F1(string)A F2([?])A F0 +(search.)5 E F2(&)108 108 Q F0(Repeat the pre)144 108 Q +(vious substitution.)-.25 E F2(g)108 120 Q F0 .397 +(Cause changes to be applied o)144 120 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.897(rt).15 G +.398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.).15 F .398 +(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F2(:s)A F0 2.898('\()C +(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 132 Q F2(:gs/)A F1(old)A F2(/)A F1(ne)A(w)-.15 E +F2(/)A F0 1.219('\) or `)B F2(:&)A F0 3.719('. If)B 1.219(used with `) +3.719 F F2(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.218 +(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .089 +(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 144 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G .09(nt line.).15 F(An)5.09 E F2(a)2.59 E F0 .09 +(may be used as a synon)2.59 F .09(ym for)-.15 F F2(g)144 156 Q F0(.)A +F2(G)108 168 Q F0(Apply the follo)144 168 Q(wing `)-.25 E F2(s)A F0 2.5 +('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 184.8 Q(UIL)-.11 E +(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 196.8 +R .062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options p\ +receded by)-.2 F F2108 208.8 Q F0(accepts)3.077 E F23.077 E F0 +.577(to signify the end of the options.)3.077 F(The)5.577 E F2(:)3.077 E +F0(,)A F2(true)3.077 E F0(,)A F2(false)3.077 E F0 3.077(,a)C(nd)-3.077 E +F2(test)3.077 E F0(/)A F2([)A F0 -.2(bu)3.077 G .577 +(iltins do not accept options).2 F .462(and do not treat)108 220.8 R F2 +2.961 E F0(specially)2.961 E 5.461(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.461 E F2(exit) +2.961 E F0(,)A F2(logout)2.961 E F0(,)A F2 -.18(re)2.961 G(tur).18 E(n) +-.15 E F0(,)A F2(br)2.961 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F2(continue)2.961 E F0(,)A +F2(let)2.961 E F0 2.961(,a)C(nd)-2.961 E F2(shift)2.961 E F0 -.2(bu) +2.961 G .461(iltins accept and).2 F .26(process ar)108 232.8 R .26 +(guments be)-.18 F .26(ginning with)-.15 F F22.76 E F0 .261 +(without requiring)2.76 F F22.761 E F0 5.261(.O)C .261(ther b) +-5.261 F .261(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .261(guments b)-.18 F .261 (ut are not)-.2 F 1.154(speci\214ed as accepting options interpret ar) -108 172.8 R 1.154(guments be)-.18 F 1.154(ginning with)-.15 F F1 +108 244.8 R 1.154(guments be)-.18 F 1.154(ginning with)-.15 F F2 3.654 E F0 1.154(as in)3.654 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.154 -(lid options and require).25 F F13.654 E F0(to)3.654 E(pre)108 -184.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this interpretation.).15 E F1(:)108 202.8 Q F0 -([)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .452(No ef) -144 214.8 R .452(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e) --.15 F(xpanding)-.15 E F3(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .451 -(and performing an)3.221 F 2.951(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.951 E 2.5 -(redirections. The)144 226.8 R(return status is zero.)2.5 E F1(.)110.5 -243.6 Q F3(\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F3(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A -F1(sour)108 255.6 Q(ce)-.18 E F3(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(ar)A -(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 267.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02 -(cute commands from).15 F F3(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02 -(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02(vironment and return the e)-.4 F -(xit)-.15 E 1.458(status of the last command e)144 279.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 -G 1.458(cuted from).15 F F3(\214lename)3.958 E F0 6.458(.I).18 G(f) --6.458 E F3(\214lename)5.868 E F0 1.458 -(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.138 F .608(names in)144 291.6 R/F4 -9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .608 -(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F3(\214lename)3.108 -E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA) -3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .833(need not be e)144 303.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -3.333(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.333 E F0 .832(is not in)3.333 F F3 -.832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .832 -(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .981 -(\214le is found in)144 315.6 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F1(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18 -E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F1(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 -(iltin command is turned of).2 F .982(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144 -327.6 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.363 F .112(If an)5.112 F -(y)-.15 E F3(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F -2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F3 -(\214lename)144 339.6 Q F0 1.697(is e)4.196 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.197 +(lid options and require).25 F F23.654 E F0(to)3.654 E(pre)108 +256.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this interpretation.).15 E F2(:)108 274.8 Q F0 +([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 286.8 R .451 +(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F(xpanding) +-.15 E F1(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an)3.222 F +2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. The)144 298.8 R +(return status is zero.)2.5 E F2(.)110.5 315.6 Q F1(\214lename)6.666 E +F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sour)108 327.6 Q(ce)-.18 E +F1(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02 +(Read and e)144 339.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02(cute commands from).15 F F1 +(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02 +(vironment and return the e)-.4 F(xit)-.15 E 1.458 +(status of the last command e)144 351.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.458 +(cuted from).15 F F1(\214lename)3.958 E F0 6.458(.I).18 G(f)-6.458 E F1 +(\214lename)5.868 E F0 1.458(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.138 F +.608(names in)144 363.6 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 +E F0 .608(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F1 +(\214lename)3.108 E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in) +-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 375.6 +R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332(cutable. When).15 F F2(bash)3.332 E F0 .832 +(is not in)3.332 F F1 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833 +(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982 +(\214le is found in)144 387.6 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F2(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18 +E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F2(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 +(iltin command is turned of).2 F .981(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144 +399.6 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F +(y)-.15 E F1(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F +2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F1 +(\214lename)144 411.6 Q F0 1.697(is e)4.197 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.197 (cuted. Otherwise).15 F 1.697(the positional parameters are unchanged.) -4.197 F 1.697(If the)6.697 F F14.197 E F0 1.697(option is)4.197 F -(enabled,)144 351.6 Q F1(sour)3.618 E(ce)-.18 E F0 1.118(inherits an) -3.618 F 3.618(yt)-.15 G 1.118(rap on)-3.618 F F1(DEB)3.618 E(UG)-.1 E F0 +4.197 F 1.697(If the)6.697 F F24.197 E F0 1.696(option is)4.197 F +(enabled,)144 423.6 Q F2(sour)3.617 E(ce)-.18 E F0 1.117(inherits an) +3.617 F 3.617(yt)-.15 G 1.117(rap on)-3.617 F F2(DEB)3.617 E(UG)-.1 E F0 3.618(;i)C 3.618(fi)-3.618 G 3.618(ti)-3.618 G 3.618(sn)-3.618 G 1.118 -(ot, an)-3.618 F(y)-.15 E F1(DEB)3.617 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.117 -(trap string is sa)3.617 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.617(da).15 G(nd)-3.617 E .36 -(restored around the call to)144 363.6 R F1(sour)2.86 E(ce)-.18 E F0 -2.86(,a)C(nd)-2.86 E F1(sour)2.86 E(ce)-.18 E F0 .36(unsets the)2.86 F -F1(DEB)2.86 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .36(trap while it e)2.86 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.86 -(cutes. If).15 F F12.86 E F0(is)2.86 E 1.435 -(not set, and the sourced \214le changes the)144 375.6 R F1(DEB)3.935 E +(ot, an)-3.618 F(y)-.15 E F2(DEB)3.618 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.118 +(trap string is sa)3.618 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.618(da).15 G(nd)-3.618 E .36 +(restored around the call to)144 435.6 R F2(sour)2.86 E(ce)-.18 E F0 +2.86(,a)C(nd)-2.86 E F2(sour)2.86 E(ce)-.18 E F0 .36(unsets the)2.86 F +F2(DEB)2.86 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .36(trap while it e)2.86 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.86 +(cutes. If).15 F F22.86 E F0(is)2.86 E 1.435 +(not set, and the sourced \214le changes the)144 447.6 R F2(DEB)3.935 E (UG)-.1 E F0 1.435(trap, the ne)3.935 F 3.935(wv)-.25 G 1.435 -(alue is retained when)-4.185 F F1(sour)3.935 E(ce)-.18 E F0 3.762 -(completes. The)144 387.6 R 1.262 -(return status is the status of the last command e)3.762 F 1.263 -(xited within the script \(0 if no)-.15 F(commands are e)144 399.6 Q --.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted\), and f).15 E(alse if)-.1 E F3(\214lename)4.41 E -F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F1(alias)108 416.4 Q F0([)2.5 -E F1A F0 2.5(][)C F3(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F3(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 428.4 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724 -(guments or with the)-.18 F F15.224 E F0 2.724 -(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F1(alias)5.224 E -F3(name)144 440.4 Q F0(=)A F3(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F +(alue is retained when)-4.185 F F2(sour)3.935 E(ce)-.18 E F0 3.763 +(completes. The)144 459.6 R 1.262 +(return status is the status of the last command e)3.763 F 1.262 +(xited within the script \(0 if no)-.15 F(commands are e)144 471.6 Q +-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted\), and f).15 E(alse if)-.1 E F1(\214lename)4.41 E +F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F2(alias)108 488.4 Q F0([)2.5 +E F2A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C +(..])-2.5 E F2(Alias)144 500.4 Q F0 2.724(with no ar)5.224 F 2.724 +(guments or with the)-.18 F F25.224 E F0 2.724 +(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F2(alias)5.225 E +F1(name)144 512.4 Q F0(=)A F1(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F .58(When ar)5.58 F .58 -(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F3(name) -3.08 E F0(whose)144 452.4 Q F3(value)2.509 E F0 .009(is gi)2.509 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.509(n. A).15 F .009(trailing space in)2.509 F F3(value) +(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F1(name) +3.08 E F0(whose)144 524.4 Q F1(value)2.508 E F0 .009(is gi)2.508 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 2.509(n. A).15 F .009(trailing space in)2.509 F F1(value) 2.509 E F0 .009(causes the ne)2.509 F .009(xt w)-.15 F .009 -(ord to be check)-.1 F .008(ed for alias substi-)-.1 F .579 -(tution when the alias is e)144 464.4 R 3.079(xpanded. F)-.15 F .579 -(or each)-.15 F F3(name)3.079 E F0 .579(in the ar)3.079 F .579 -(gument list for which no)-.18 F F3(value)3.079 E F0 .579(is sup-)3.079 -F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 476.4 R 1.314 -(alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F1(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314 -(returns true unless a)3.814 F F3(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.813(nf).15 G(or)-3.813 E -(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 488.4 Q F1(bg)108 505.2 Q F0([) -2.5 E F3(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .744(Resume each suspended job)144 -517.2 R F3(jobspec)3.244 E F0 .745 -(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.244 F F1(&)3.245 E -F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F3(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 529.2 Q F0 .672 -(is not present, the shell')3.482 F 3.172(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the) --3.172 F F3(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F1 -(bg)5.671 E F3(jobspec)4.911 E F0 .671(returns 0 unless run)3.481 F .418 -(when job control is disabled or)144 541.2 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419 -(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.919(ys)-.15 G -(peci\214ed)-2.919 E F3(jobspec)2.919 E F0 -.1(wa)2.919 G 2.919(sn).1 G -(ot)-2.919 E(found or w)144 553.2 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 -E F1(bind)108 570 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 -2.5(][)C F1(\255lpsvPSVX)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(bind)108 582 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F3 -(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F3(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F1-2.5 E F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F1(bind)108 594 Q F0([) -2.5 E F1A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F12.5 E F3 -(\214lename)2.5 E F1(bind)108 606 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G -(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F12.5 E F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3 -(shell\255command)A F1(bind)108 618 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 -G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3 -(function\255name)A F1(bind)108 630 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 -G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3 -.37(re)C -(adline\255command).37 E F0 .239(Display current)144 642 R F1 -.18(re) -2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.739 G 2.739(ya)-.05 G .239 -(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.739 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .238 -(equence to a).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 .238(function or) -2.738 F .475(macro, or set a)144 654 R F1 -.18(re)2.975 G(adline).18 E -F0 -.25(va)2.975 G 2.975(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F -.476(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .476(ould appear in)-.1 F F3 -(.inputr)144 666 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.984(,b).31 G .484 -(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.184 F -.483(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5 -(re\255read\255init\255\214le'. Options,)144 678 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E -.3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 690 -Q F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 702 Q F3 -.1(ke)5.158 G(ymap)-.2 -E F0 2.658(as the k)5.348 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af).15 F 2.659 -(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.659 E F3 -.1(ke) -180 714 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.193(names are)5.883 F F3 3.193 -(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.693 F 3.192 -(d, emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255mo)-.37 F(ve)-.1 E(,)-.1 E -(vi\255command)180 726 Q F0 6.052(,a)C(nd)-6.052 E F3(vi\255insert)6.052 -E F0(.).68 E F3(vi)8.552 E F0 3.553(is equi)6.053 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.553 -(lent to).25 F F3(vi\255command)6.053 E F0(\()6.053 E F3(vi\255mo)A(ve) --.1 E F0 3.553(is also a)6.053 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20) -148.175 E(56)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(ord to be check)-.1 F .009(ed for alias substi-)-.1 F .579 +(tution when the alias is e)144 536.4 R 3.079(xpanded. F)-.15 F .579 +(or each)-.15 F F1(name)3.079 E F0 .579(in the ar)3.079 F .579 +(gument list for which no)-.18 F F1(value)3.079 E F0 .578(is sup-)3.078 +F 1.313(plied, the name and v)144 548.4 R 1.314 +(alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F2(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314 +(returns true unless a)3.814 F F1(name)3.814 E F0 1.314(is gi)3.814 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nf).15 G(or)-3.814 E +(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 560.4 Q F2(bg)108 577.2 Q F0([) +2.5 E F1(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .745(Resume each suspended job)144 +589.2 R F1(jobspec)3.245 E F0 .745 +(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.245 F F2(&)3.244 E +F0 5.744(.I)C(f)-5.744 E F1(job-)4.984 E(spec)144 601.2 Q F0 .671 +(is not present, the shell')3.481 F 3.171(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the) +-3.171 F F1(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F2 +(bg)5.672 E F1(jobspec)4.912 E F0 .672(returns 0 unless run)3.482 F .419 +(when job control is disabled or)144 613.2 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419 +(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.918(ys)-.15 G +(peci\214ed)-2.918 E F1(jobspec)2.918 E F0 -.1(wa)2.918 G 2.918(sn).1 G +(ot)-2.918 E(found or w)144 625.2 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 +E F2(bind)108 642 Q F0([)2.5 E F2A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 +2.5(][)C F2(\255lpsvPSVX)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 654 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 +A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1 +(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C +F2-2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 666 Q F0([) +2.5 E F2A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F22.5 E F1 +(\214lename)2.5 E F2(bind)108 678 Q F0([)2.5 E F2A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G +(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F22.5 E F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F1 +(shell\255command)A F2(bind)108 690 Q F0([)2.5 E F2A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 +G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F1 +(function\255name)A F2(bind)108 702 Q F0([)2.5 E F2A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 +G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F1 -.37(re)C +(adline\255command).37 E F0 .238(Display current)144 714 R F2 -.18(re) +2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.738 G 2.738(ya)-.05 G .239 +(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.738 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .239 +(equence to a).15 F F2 -.18(re)2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 .239(function or) +2.739 F .476(macro, or set a)144 726 R F2 -.18(re)2.976 G(adline).18 E +F0 -.25(va)2.976 G 2.976(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F +.475(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .475(ould appear in)-.1 F +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(56)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 57 57 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(synon)180 84 Q -(ym\);)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(emacs)2.5 E F0(is equi)2.5 E -.25 -(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(emacs\255standar)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF144 96 Q F0(List the names of all)180 96 Q F2 -.18 -(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0(functions.)2.5 E F2144 108 Q F0(Display) -180 108 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -(function names and bindings in such a w)2.5 E(ay that the)-.1 E 2.5(yc) --.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F2144 120 Q F0(List current)180 120 Q -F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0(function names and bindings.)2.5 E F2 -144 132 Q F0(Display)180 132 Q F2 -.18(re)3.655 G(adline).18 E F0 --.1(ke)3.655 G 3.655(ys)-.05 G 1.155 -(equences bound to macros and the strings the)-3.655 F 3.655(yo)-.15 G -1.155(utput in such a)-3.655 F -.1(wa)180 144 S 2.5(yt).1 G(hat the)-2.5 -E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F2144 156 Q F0(Display)180 -156 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.5 G 2.5(ys)-.05 G -(equences bound to macros and the strings the)-2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G -(utput.)-2.5 E F2144 168 Q F0(Display)180 168 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(.inputr)144 84 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.983(,b).31 G .484 +(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.183 F +.484(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5 +(re\255read\255init\255\214le'. Options,)144 96 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E +.3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E/F2 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF144 108 Q F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 +120 Q F1 -.1(ke)5.159 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.659(as the k)5.349 F -.15(ey)-.1 +G 2.658(map to be af).15 F 2.658(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 +F(Acceptable)7.658 E F1 -.1(ke)180 132 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.192(names are) +5.882 F F1 3.192(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.692 F 3.193 +(d, emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255mo)-.37 F(ve)-.1 E(,)-.1 E +(vi\255command)180 144 Q F0 4.114(,a)C(nd)-4.114 E F1(vi\255insert)4.114 +E F0(.).68 E F1(vi)6.614 E F0 1.613(is equi)4.114 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.613 +(lent to).25 F F1(vi\255command)4.113 E F0(\()4.113 E F1(vi\255mo)A(ve) +-.1 E F0 1.613(is also a syn-)4.113 F(on)180 156 Q(ym\);)-.15 E F1 +(emacs)2.5 E F0(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 +(emacs\255standar)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F2144 168 Q F0 +(List the names of all)180 168 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 +(functions.)2.5 E F2144 180 Q F0(Display)180 180 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 +G(adline).18 E F0(function names and bindings in such a w)2.5 E +(ay that the)-.1 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F2144 192 Q +F0(List current)180 192 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 +(function names and bindings.)2.5 E F2144 204 Q F0(Display)180 204 +Q F2 -.18(re)3.655 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)3.655 G 3.655(ys)-.05 G +1.155(equences bound to macros and the strings the)-3.655 F 3.655(yo) +-.15 G 1.155(utput in such a)-3.655 F -.1(wa)180 216 S 2.5(yt).1 G +(hat the)-2.5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F2144 228 Q F0 +(Display)180 228 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.5 G 2.5(ys) +-.05 G(equences bound to macros and the strings the)-2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G +(utput.)-2.5 E F2144 240 Q F0(Display)180 240 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G (adline).18 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable names and v).25 E (alues in such a w)-.25 E(ay that the)-.1 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G -(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F2144 180 Q F0(List current)180 180 Q F2 +(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F2144 252 Q F0(List current)180 252 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable names and v).25 E -(alues.)-.25 E F2144 192 Q F1(\214lename)2.5 E F0(Read k)180 204 Q +(alues.)-.25 E F2144 264 Q F1(\214lename)2.5 E F0(Read k)180 276 Q .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings from).15 E F1(\214lename)2.5 E F0(.)A F2 -144 216 Q F1(function)2.5 E F0(Query about which k)180 228 Q -.15 +144 288 Q F1(function)2.5 E F0(Query about which k)180 300 Q -.15 (ey)-.1 G 2.5(si).15 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-2.5 H .2 -.1(ke t).4 H(he named).1 -E F1(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F2144 240 Q F1(function)2.5 E F0 -(Unbind all k)180 252 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sb).15 G(ound to the named) --2.5 E F1(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F2144 264 Q F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq) --.2 E F0(Remo)180 276 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .3 -.15(ny c).15 H +E F1(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F2144 312 Q F1(function)2.5 E F0 +(Unbind all k)180 324 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sb).15 G(ound to the named) +-2.5 E F1(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F2144 336 Q F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq) +-.2 E F0(Remo)180 348 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .3 -.15(ny c).15 H (urrent binding for).15 E F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(.)A F2144 -288 Q F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F2(:)A F1(shell\255command)A F0(Cause) -180 300 Q F1(shell\255command)4.325 E F0 1.825(to be e)4.325 F -.15(xe) +360 Q F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F2(:)A F1(shell\255command)A F0(Cause) +180 372 Q F1(shell\255command)4.325 E F0 1.825(to be e)4.325 F -.15(xe) -.15 G 1.825(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E F1 -.1(ke)4.325 G (yseq)-.2 E F0 1.825(is entered.)4.325 F(When)6.825 E F1(shell\255com-) -4.325 E(mand)180 312 Q F0 1.765(is e)4.265 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.765 +4.325 E(mand)180 384 Q F0 1.764(is e)4.264 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.765 (cuted, the shell sets the).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE_LINE) 4.265 E F0 -.25(va)4.015 G 1.765(riable to the contents of the).25 F F2 --.18(re)180 324 S(adline).18 E F0 1.353(line b)3.852 F(uf)-.2 E 1.353 +-.18(re)180 396 S(adline).18 E F0 1.353(line b)3.853 F(uf)-.2 E 1.353 (fer and the)-.25 F F3(READLINE_POINT)3.853 E F0 -.25(va)3.603 G 1.353 -(riable to the current location of the).25 F 2.012(insertion point.)180 -336 R 2.011(If the e)7.012 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.011 +(riable to the current location of the).25 F 2.011(insertion point.)180 +408 R 2.011(If the e)7.011 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.011 (cuted command changes the v).15 F 2.011(alue of)-.25 F F3 -(READLINE_LINE)4.511 E F0(or)4.261 E F3(READLINE_POINT)180 348 Q/F4 9 +(READLINE_LINE)4.512 E F0(or)4.262 E F3(READLINE_POINT)180 420 Q/F4 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0(those ne)2.25 E 2.5(wv)-.25 G -(alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E F2144 360 -Q F0 .829(List all k)180 360 R 1.129 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .829 +(alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E F2144 432 +Q F0 .83(List all k)180 432 R 1.13 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .829 (equences bound to shell commands and the associated commands in a for) -.15 F(-)-.2 E(mat that can be reused as input.)180 372 Q(The return v) -144 388.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 +.15 F(-)-.2 E(mat that can be reused as input.)180 444 Q(The return v) +144 460.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(no).15 G 2.5(ra)-2.5 G 2.5(ne)-2.5 G(rror occurred.)-2.5 -E F2(br)108 405.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A .055 -(Exit from within a)144 417.6 R F2 -.25(fo)2.555 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F2 -(while)2.555 E F0(,)A F2(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F2 +E F2(br)108 477.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A .054 +(Exit from within a)144 489.6 R F2 -.25(fo)2.554 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F2 +(while)2.554 E F0(,)A F2(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F2 (select)2.555 E F0 2.555(loop. If)2.555 F F1(n)2.555 E F0 .055 (is speci\214ed, break)2.555 F F1(n)2.555 E F0(le)2.555 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ls.).15 E F1(n)5.414 E F0 .054(must be)2.794 F/F5 10/Symbol SF2.554 -E F0(1.)2.554 E(If)144 429.6 Q F1(n)3.074 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ - number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e)2.954 F 2.715 -(xited. The)-.15 F .215(return v)2.715 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144 -441.6 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E F2 -.2 -(bu)108 458.4 S(iltin).2 E F1(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E -F1(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 470.4 Q .793 -(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .793(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F1 +(ls.).15 E F1(n)5.415 E F0 .055(must be)2.795 F/F5 10/Symbol SF2.555 +E F0(1.)2.555 E(If)144 501.6 Q F1(n)3.075 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ + number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e)2.955 F 2.714 +(xited. The)-.15 F .214(return v)2.714 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144 +513.6 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E F2 -.2 +(bu)108 530.4 S(iltin).2 E F1(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E +F1(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 542.4 Q .792 +(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .792(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F1 (ar)3.293 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.293(,a).27 G .793(nd return its e)-3.293 -F .792(xit status.)-.15 F .792(This is useful)5.792 F .615 +F .793(xit status.)-.15 F .793(This is useful)5.793 F .616 (when de\214ning a function whose name is the same as a shell b)144 -482.4 R .616(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 -494.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F2(cd)3.07 E F0 +554.4 R .615(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 +566.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F2(cd)3.07 E F0 -.2(bu)3.07 G .57(iltin is commonly rede\214ned this w).2 F(ay)-.1 E -5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 506.4 Q(alse if)-.1 +5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 578.4 Q(alse if)-.1 E F1(shell\255b)2.84 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0(is not a shell b)2.74 E -(uiltin command.)-.2 E F2(caller)108 523.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)C(pr) -.2 E F0(])A .253(Returns the conte)144 535.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F +(uiltin command.)-.2 E F2(caller)108 595.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)C(pr) +.2 E F0(])A .254(Returns the conte)144 607.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F 2.754(ya)-.15 G(cti)-2.754 E .554 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .254 (ubroutine call \(a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.254(cuted with the).15 F F2(.)2.754 E F0(or)2.754 E F2(sour)144 547.2 Q -(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G 2.825(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F1 -.2 -(ex)2.825 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F2(caller)2.825 E F0 .324 +.254(cuted with the).15 F F2(.)2.753 E F0(or)2.753 E F2(sour)144 619.2 Q +(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.824 G 2.824(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F1 -.2 +(ex)2.824 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F2(caller)2.824 E F0 .324 (displays the line number and source \214lename of the current)2.824 F -.253(subroutine call.)144 559.2 R .253(If a non-ne)5.253 F -.05(ga)-.15 -G(ti).05 E .553 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 -F F1 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F2(caller)2.753 E F0 .254 -(displays the line number)2.754 F 2.754(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.754 E 1.327(rou\ +.254(subroutine call.)144 631.2 R .254(If a non-ne)5.254 F -.05(ga)-.15 +G(ti).05 E .554 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 +F F1 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F2(caller)2.753 E F0 .253 +(displays the line number)2.753 F 2.753(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.753 E 1.327(rou\ tine name, and source \214le corresponding to that position in the curr\ -ent e)144 571.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.327(cution call stack.).15 F(This e) -144 583.2 Q(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 E .001 -(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F .001(The current frame is frame) -5.001 F 3.02(0. The)144 595.2 R .52(return v)3.02 F .52 -(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .519 -(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F1 -.2(ex)3.019 G(pr).2 E F0 .519 -(does not corre-)3.019 F(spond to a v)144 607.2 Q -(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F2(cd)108 624 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 +ent e)144 643.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.328(cution call stack.).15 F .001 +(This e)144 655.2 R .001(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 F .001 +(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F(The current frame is frame)5 E +3.019(0. The)144 667.2 R .519(return v)3.019 F .519 +(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .52 +(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F1 -.2(ex)3.02 G(pr).2 E F0 .52 +(does not corre-)3.02 F(spond to a v)144 679.2 Q +(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F2(cd)108 696 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 A F0(|[)A F2A F0([)2.5 E F2A F0(]] [\255@]] [)A F1 -(dir)A F0(])A .321(Change the current directory to)144 636 R F1(dir) -2.821 E F0 5.321(.i)C(f)-5.321 E F1(dir)2.821 E F0 .322 -(is not supplied, the v)2.821 F .322(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HOME)2.822 E -F0 .322(shell v)2.572 F .322(ariable is)-.25 F 1.036(the def)144 648 R -3.536(ault. An)-.1 F 3.536(ya)-.15 G 1.035(dditional ar)-3.536 F 1.035 +(dir)A F0(])A .322(Change the current directory to)144 708 R F1(dir) +2.822 E F0 5.322(.i)C(f)-5.322 E F1(dir)2.822 E F0 .321 +(is not supplied, the v)2.822 F .321(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HOME)2.821 E +F0 .321(shell v)2.571 F .321(ariable is)-.25 F 1.035(the def)144 720 R +3.535(ault. An)-.1 F 3.535(ya)-.15 G 1.035(dditional ar)-3.535 F 1.035 (guments follo)-.18 F(wing)-.25 E F1(dir)3.535 E F0 1.035(are ignored.) -3.535 F 1.035(The v)6.035 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(CDP)3.535 E -.855(AT)-.666 -G(H).855 E F0(de\214nes)3.285 E .849 -(the search path for the directory containing)144 660 R F1(dir)3.349 E -F0 3.35(:e).73 G .85(ach directory name in)-3.35 F F3(CDP)3.35 E -.855 -(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .85(is searched for)3.1 F F1(dir)144 672 Q F0 -5.665(.A)C(lternati)-5.665 E .965 -.15(ve d)-.25 H .665 -(irectory names in).15 F F3(CDP)3.165 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.665(are separated by a colon \(:\).)2.915 F 3.165(An)5.665 G .664 -(ull directory name)-3.165 F(in)144 684 Q F3(CDP)4.162 E -.855(AT)-.666 -G(H).855 E F0 1.662(is the same as the current directory)3.912 F 4.162 -(,i)-.65 G 1.662(.e., `)-4.162 F(`)-.74 E F2(.)A F0 -.74('')C 6.662(.I) -.74 G(f)-6.662 E F1(dir)4.513 E F0(be)4.893 E 1.663 -(gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F3(CDP)144 696 Q -.855(AT)-.666 G -(H).855 E F0 .191(is not used.)2.441 F(The)5.191 E F22.691 E F0 -.191(option causes)2.691 F F2(cd)2.691 E F0 .191(to use the ph)2.691 F -.19(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F 1.12 -(symbolic links while tra)144 708 R -.15(ve)-.2 G(rsing).15 E F1(dir) -3.62 E F0 1.12(and before processing instances of)3.62 F F1(..)3.62 E F0 -(in)3.62 E F1(dir)3.62 E F0 1.12(\(see also the)3.62 F F23.62 E F0 -2.44(option to the)144 720 R F2(set)4.94 E F0 -.2(bu)4.94 G 2.44 -(iltin command\); the).2 F F24.939 E F0 2.439 -(option forces symbolic links to be follo)4.939 F 2.439(wed by)-.25 F -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(57)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +3.535 F 1.036(The v)6.035 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(CDP)3.536 E -.855(AT)-.666 +G(H).855 E F0(de\214nes)3.286 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21) +148.175 E(57)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 58 58 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.37 -(resolving the link after processing instances of)144 84 R/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(..)3.87 E F0(in)3.87 E F1(dir)3.87 E F0 6.37(.I)C(f) --6.37 E F1(..)3.87 E F0 1.37(appears in)3.87 F F1(dir)3.87 E F0 3.87(,i) -C 3.87(ti)-3.87 G 3.87(sp)-3.87 G 1.37(rocessed by)-3.87 F(remo)144 96 Q -.888(ving the immediately pre)-.15 F .888(vious pathname component from) --.25 F F1(dir)3.388 E F0 3.388(,b)C .888(ack to a slash or the be)-3.388 -F(gin-)-.15 E .217(ning of)144 108 R F1(dir)2.717 E F0 5.217(.I)C 2.717 -(ft)-5.217 G(he)-2.717 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF2.718 E F0 .218 -(option is supplied with)2.718 F F22.718 E F0 2.718(,a)C .218 -(nd the current w)-2.718 F .218(orking directory cannot be suc-)-.1 F -.17(cessfully determined after a successful directory change,)144 120 R -F2(cd)2.669 E F0 .169(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.669 F(On) -5.169 E .728(systems that support it, the)144 132 R F23.229 E F0 -.729(option presents the e)3.229 F .729(xtended attrib)-.15 F .729 -(utes associated with a \214le as a)-.2 F(directory)144 144 Q 5.56(.A) --.65 G 3.06(na)-5.56 G -.18(rg)-3.06 G .56(ument of).18 F F23.06 E -F0 .56(is con)3.06 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .56(rted to).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF($OLDPWD)3.06 E F0 .56(before the directory change is attempted.)2.81 -F .61(If a non-empty directory name from)144 156 R F3(CDP)3.11 E -.855 -(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .61(is used, or if)2.86 F F23.11 E F0 .61 -(is the \214rst ar)3.11 F .611(gument, and the direc-)-.18 F 1.206 -(tory change is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)144 168 R -3.705(ww)-.25 G 1.205(orking directory is written to the)-3.805 F 1.155 -(standard output.)144 180 R 1.155(The return v)6.155 F 1.156 -(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 F 1.156 -(as successfully changed; f)-.1 F 1.156(alse other)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(wise.) -144 192 Q F2(command)108 208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255pVv)A F0(])A F1 -(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 220.8 Q -F1(command)2.765 E F0(with)3.335 E F1(ar)2.895 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .85 +(the search path for the directory containing)144 84 R/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)3.35 E F0 3.35(:e).73 G .849 +(ach directory name in)-3.35 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CDP)3.349 E -.855 +(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .849(is searched for)3.099 F F1(dir)144 96 Q F0 +5.664(.A)C(lternati)-5.664 E .964 -.15(ve d)-.25 H .665 +(irectory names in).15 F F2(CDP)3.165 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 +.665(are separated by a colon \(:\).)2.915 F 3.165(An)5.665 G .665 +(ull directory name)-3.165 F(in)144 108 Q F2(CDP)4.163 E -.855(AT)-.666 +G(H).855 E F0 1.663(is the same as the current directory)3.913 F 4.162 +(,i)-.65 G 1.662(.e., `)-4.162 F(`)-.74 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(.)A F0 +-.74('')C 6.662(.I).74 G(f)-6.662 E F1(dir)4.512 E F0(be)4.892 E 1.662 +(gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F2(CDP)144 120 Q -.855(AT)-.666 G +(H).855 E F0 .19(is not used.)2.44 F(The)5.191 E F32.691 E F0 .191 +(option causes)2.691 F F3(cd)2.691 E F0 .191(to use the ph)2.691 F .191 +(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F 1.12 +(symbolic links while tra)144 132 R -.15(ve)-.2 G(rsing).15 E F1(dir) +3.62 E F0 1.12(and before processing instances of)3.62 F F1(..)3.62 E F0 +(in)3.62 E F1(dir)3.62 E F0 1.12(\(see also the)3.62 F F33.62 E F0 +.395(option to the)144 144 R F3(set)2.895 E F0 -.2(bu)2.895 G .395 +(iltin command\); the).2 F F32.895 E F0 .395 +(option forces symbolic links to be follo)2.895 F .395(wed by resolv-) +-.25 F .444(ing the link after processing instances of)144 156 R F1(..) +2.943 E F0(in)2.943 E F1(dir)2.943 E F0 5.443(.I)C(f)-5.443 E F1(..) +2.943 E F0 .443(appears in)2.943 F F1(dir)2.943 E F0 2.943(,i)C 2.943 +(ti)-2.943 G 2.943(sp)-2.943 G .443(rocessed by remo)-2.943 F(ving)-.15 +E .744(the immediately pre)144 168 R .744(vious pathname component from) +-.25 F F1(dir)3.244 E F0 3.244(,b)C .744(ack to a slash or the be)-3.244 +F .744(ginning of)-.15 F F1(dir)3.244 E F0(.)A 1.466(If the)144 180 R F3 +3.966 E F0 1.466(option is supplied with)3.966 F F33.965 E +F0 3.965(,a)C 1.465(nd the current w)-3.965 F 1.465 +(orking directory cannot be successfully)-.1 F .467 +(determined after a successful directory change,)144 192 R F3(cd)2.968 E +F0 .468(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.968 F .468(On systems) +5.468 F .337(that support it, the)144 204 R F32.837 E F0 .336 +(option presents the e)2.836 F .336(xtended attrib)-.15 F .336 +(utes associated with a \214le as a directory)-.2 F(.)-.65 E .71(An ar) +144 216 R .71(gument of)-.18 F F33.21 E F0 .71(is con)3.21 F -.15 +(ve)-.4 G .71(rted to).15 F F2($OLDPWD)3.21 E F0 .71 +(before the directory change is attempted.)2.96 F .71(If a non-)5.71 F +.107(empty directory name from)144 228 R F2(CDP)2.607 E -.855(AT)-.666 G +(H).855 E F0 .107(is used, or if)2.357 F F32.607 E F0 .106 +(is the \214rst ar)2.607 F .106(gument, and the directory change)-.18 F +.038(is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)144 240 R 2.538(ww) +-.25 G .038(orking directory is written to the standard output.)-2.638 F +(The return v)144 252 Q(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 E +(as successfully changed; f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F3(command)108 +268.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(\255pVv)A F0(])A F1(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1 +(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 280.8 Q F1(command)2.765 E F0(with) +3.335 E F1(ar)2.895 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065 (suppressing the normal shell function lookup.)2.835 F .064(Only b)5.064 -F .064(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .501(commands found in the)144 232.8 R -F3 -.666(PA)3.001 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.751 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F23.002 E F0 .502(option is gi) +F .064(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .501(commands found in the)144 292.8 R +F2 -.666(PA)3.001 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.751 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F33.002 E F0 .502(option is gi) 3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .502(n, the search for).15 F F1(command)3.202 E -F0(is)3.772 E .4(performed using a def)144 244.8 R .4(ault v)-.1 F .4 -(alue for)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.9 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .399 +F0(is)3.772 E .4(performed using a def)144 304.8 R .4(ault v)-.1 F .4 +(alue for)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)2.9 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .399 (that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F(If) -5.399 E .174(either the)144 256.8 R F22.674 E F0(or)2.674 E F2 +5.399 E .174(either the)144 316.8 R F32.674 E F0(or)2.674 E F3 2.674 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.674 F F1 -(command)2.875 E F0 .175(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.175 E F22.675 E -F0 .175(option causes)2.675 F 3.318(as)144 268.8 S .818(ingle w)-3.318 F +(command)2.875 E F0 .175(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.175 E F32.675 E +F0 .175(option causes)2.675 F 3.318(as)144 328.8 S .818(ingle w)-3.318 F .817(ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo) -.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F1(command)3.617 E F0 .817(to be displayed; the)4.087 -F F2144 280.8 Q F0 .249(option produces a more v)2.749 F .249 -(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.249 F F22.749 E F0(or) -2.749 E F22.75 E F0 .25(option is supplied, the e)2.75 F .25 -(xit status)-.15 F 1.005(is 0 if)144 292.8 R F1(command)3.705 E F0 -.1 +F F3144 340.8 Q F0 .249(option produces a more v)2.749 F .249 +(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.249 F F32.749 E F0(or) +2.749 E F32.75 E F0 .25(option is supplied, the e)2.75 F .25 +(xit status)-.15 F 1.005(is 0 if)144 352.8 R F1(command)3.705 E F0 -.1 (wa)4.275 G 3.505(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.505 F 1.004 (If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F1 -(command)144.2 304.8 Q F0 1.598(cannot be found, the e)4.868 F 1.599 +(command)144.2 364.8 Q F0 1.598(cannot be found, the e)4.868 F 1.599 (xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.599 -(xit status of the)-.15 F F2(command)4.099 E F0 -.2(bu)144 316.8 S -(iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F1(command)2.5 E F0(.).77 E F2 -(compgen)108 333.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(wor)-2.5 E(d) --.37 E F0(])A .013(Generate possible completion matches for)144 345.6 R +(xit status of the)-.15 F F3(command)4.099 E F0 -.2(bu)144 376.8 S +(iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F1(command)2.5 E F0(.).77 E F3 +(compgen)108 393.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(wor)-2.5 E(d) +-.37 E F0(])A .013(Generate possible completion matches for)144 405.6 R F1(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F1(option)2.513 E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.512(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.512 E .981 -(accepted by the)144 357.6 R F2(complete)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 -(iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F23.481 E F0(and) -3.481 E F23.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .982(nd write the matches to the) --3.481 F .131(standard output.)144 369.6 R .131(When using the)5.131 F -F22.631 E F0(or)2.631 E F22.631 E F0 .131(options, the v) +(accepted by the)144 417.6 R F3(complete)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 +(iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F33.481 E F0(and) +3.481 E F33.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .982(nd write the matches to the) +-3.481 F .131(standard output.)144 429.6 R .131(When using the)5.131 F +F32.631 E F0(or)2.631 E F32.631 E F0 .131(options, the v) 2.631 F .13(arious shell v)-.25 F .13(ariables set by the program-)-.25 -F(mable completion f)144 381.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G +F(mable completion f)144 441.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G (ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.)-.25 -E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 405.6 R .352 +E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 465.6 R .352 (ay as if the programmable completion code had gen-)-.1 F .02(erated th\ em directly from a completion speci\214cation with the same \215ags.)144 -417.6 R(If)5.02 E F1(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only) -2.52 F(those completions matching)144 429.6 Q F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 453.6 Q +477.6 R(If)5.02 E F1(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only) +2.52 F(those completions matching)144 489.6 Q F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 +(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 513.6 Q (alue is true unless an in)-.25 E -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F2 -(complete)108 470.4 Q F0([)3.404 E F2(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.404(][)C -F2-3.404 E F1(comp-option)3.404 E F0 3.404(][)C F2(\255DEI)-3.404 -E F0 3.404(][)C F2-3.404 E F1(action)3.404 E F0 3.404(][)C F2 --3.404 E F1(globpat)3.404 E F0 3.404(][)C F2-3.404 E F1(wor) -3.404 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.405(][)C F2-3.405 E F1(func-)3.405 E -(tion)108 482.4 Q F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1(command)2.5 E F0(])A([) -144 494.4 Q F2A F1(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1 -(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1(suf)2.5 E<8c78> --.18 E F0(])A F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(name ...)A F0(])A F2 -(complete \255pr)108 506.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255DEI)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 -(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .634(Specify ho)144 518.4 R 3.134(wa)-.25 G +(lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F3 +(complete)108 530.4 Q F0([)3.404 E F3(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.404(][)C +F3-3.404 E F1(comp-option)3.404 E F0 3.404(][)C F3(\255DEI)-3.404 +E F0 3.404(][)C F3-3.404 E F1(action)3.404 E F0 3.404(][)C F3 +-3.404 E F1(globpat)3.404 E F0 3.404(][)C F3-3.404 E F1(wor) +3.404 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.405(][)C F3-3.405 E F1(func-)3.405 E +(tion)108 542.4 Q F0 2.5(][)C F3-2.5 E F1(command)2.5 E F0(])A([) +144 554.4 Q F3A F1(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3-2.5 E F1 +(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F3-2.5 E F1(suf)2.5 E<8c78> +-.18 E F0(])A F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(name ...)A F0(])A F3 +(complete \255pr)108 566.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(\255DEI)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 +(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .634(Specify ho)144 578.4 R 3.134(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.134 G .634(uments to each).18 F F1(name)3.134 E F0 .634 -(should be completed.)3.134 F .633(If the)5.634 F F23.133 E F0 +(should be completed.)3.134 F .633(If the)5.634 F F33.133 E F0 .633(option is supplied, or if no)3.133 F .139(options are supplied, e) -144 530.4 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w) +144 590.4 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w) -.15 F .14(ay that allo)-.1 F .14(ws them to be)-.25 F .31 -(reused as input.)144 542.4 R(The)5.31 E F22.81 E F0 .31 +(reused as input.)144 602.4 R(The)5.31 E F32.81 E F0 .31 (option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.81(sac).15 G .31 (ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F1(name)2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C 1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F1(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.207 -(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 554.4 R(The)6.207 E -F23.707 E F0 1.208(option indicates that other supplied options) -3.708 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 566.4 R(`def)-.74 E +(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 614.4 R(The)6.207 E +F33.707 E F0 1.208(option indicates that other supplied options) +3.708 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 626.4 R(`def)-.74 E (ault')-.1 E 3('c)-.74 G .5 (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on)-3 F 3.455(ac)144 -578.4 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955 -(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F23.455 E F0 .955 +638.4 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955 +(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F33.455 E F0 .955 (option indicates that)3.455 F .876 -(other supplied options and actions should apply to `)144 590.4 R +(other supplied options and actions should apply to `)144 650.4 R (`empty')-.74 E 3.376('c)-.74 G .876(ommand completion; that is, com-) --3.376 F .447(pletion attempted on a blank line.)144 602.4 R(The)5.447 E -F22.947 E F0 .448 +-3.376 F .447(pletion attempted on a blank line.)144 662.4 R(The)5.447 E +F32.947 E F0 .448 (option indicates that other supplied options and actions)2.947 F 1.15 -(should apply to completion on the initial non-assignment w)144 614.4 R +(should apply to completion on the initial non-assignment w)144 674.4 R 1.149(ord on the line, or after a command)-.1 F .43(delimiter such as) -144 626.4 R F2(;)2.93 E F0(or)2.93 E F2(|)2.93 E F0 2.93(,w)C .431 +144 686.4 R F3(;)2.93 E F0(or)2.93 E F3(|)2.93 E F0 2.93(,w)C .431 (hich is usually command name completion.)-2.93 F .431 -(If multiple options are sup-)5.431 F .708(plied, the)144 638.4 R F2 +(If multiple options are sup-)5.431 F .708(plied, the)144 698.4 R F3 3.208 E F0 .708(option tak)3.208 F .708(es precedence o)-.1 F -.15 -(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F23.208 E F0 3.208(,a)C .708(nd both tak)-3.208 -F 3.208(ep)-.1 G .707(recedence o)-3.208 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F2 +(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F33.208 E F0 3.208(,a)C .708(nd both tak)-3.208 +F 3.208(ep)-.1 G .707(recedence o)-3.208 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F3 3.207 E F0 5.707(.I)C 3.207(fa)-5.707 G 1.007 -.15(ny o)-3.207 H -(f).15 E F23.207 E F0(,)A F2144 650.4 Q F0 2.603(,o)C(r) --2.603 E F22.603 E F0 .103(are supplied, an)2.603 F 2.603(yo)-.15 +(f).15 E F33.207 E F0(,)A F3144 710.4 Q F0 2.603(,o)C(r) +-2.603 E F32.603 E F0 .103(are supplied, an)2.603 F 2.603(yo)-.15 G(ther)-2.603 E F1(name)2.603 E F0(ar)2.603 E .103 (guments are ignored; these completions only apply to the)-.18 F -(case speci\214ed by the option.)144 662.4 Q 1.438 -(The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144 -686.4 R 1.437(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 -698.4 Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(Pr)2.5 E -(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(.)A .555 -(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 722.4 R .855 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555 -(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F .555 -(guments to the)-.18 F F23.056 E F0(,)A F23.056 E F0 3.056 -(,a)C(nd)-3.056 E F23.056 E F0(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20) -148.175 E(58)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(case speci\214ed by the option.)144 722.4 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q +(2019 June 21)148.175 E(58)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 59 59 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .723 -(options \(and, if necessary)144 84 R 3.223(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.223 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF3.223 E F0(and)3.223 E F13.223 E F0 .722 -(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.223 F(xpan-)-.15 E -(sion before the)144 96 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin is in) -.2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1144 108 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 120 Q F2(comp-option) -2.79 E F0 .291(controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.438 +(The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144 84 +R 1.437(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 96 Q .3 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Pr)2.5 E +(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(.)A .555 +(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 120 R .855 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555 +(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F .555 +(guments to the)-.18 F F13.056 E F0(,)A F13.056 E F0 3.056 +(,a)C(nd)-3.056 E F13.056 E F0 .723(options \(and, if necessary) +144 132 R 3.223(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.223 E F13.223 E F0(and)3.223 E F1 +3.223 E F0 .722(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e) +3.223 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion before the)144 144 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.5 G(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1144 +156 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 168 Q F2 +(comp-option)2.79 E F0 .291(controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291 (ral aspects of the compspec').15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291 (vior be)-.2 F .291(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.) -184 132 Q F2(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 -144 Q F0 .281(Perform the rest of the def)224 156 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash) +184 180 Q F2(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 +192 Q F0 .281(Perform the rest of the def)224 204 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash) 2.781 E F0 .281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F -(matches.)224 168 Q F1(default)184 180 Q F0 2.875(Use readline')224 180 +(matches.)224 216 Q F1(default)184 228 Q F0 2.875(Use readline')224 228 R 5.375(sd)-.55 G(ef)-5.375 E 2.876 (ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no)-.1 F(matches.) -224 192 Q F1(dir)184 204 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name compl\ -etion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 216 Q F1(\214lenames)184 -228 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 240 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \ +224 240 Q F1(dir)184 252 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name compl\ +etion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 264 Q F1(\214lenames)184 +276 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 288 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \ \214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.636<798c>-.15 G(le-)-2.636 E -.134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 252 R 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134 +.134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 300 R 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134 (dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-)-2.634 F .45 -(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 264 R .45 -(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 276 Q F1(noquote) -184 288 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 288 S .814 +(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 312 R .45 +(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 324 Q F1(noquote) +184 336 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 336 S .814 (ll readline not to quote the completed w).7 F .814(ords if the)-.1 F 3.314(ya)-.15 G .815(re \214lenames \(quoting)-3.314 F -(\214lenames is the def)224 300 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nosort)184 312 Q F0 --.7(Te)224 312 S(ll readline not to sort the list of possible completio\ -ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 324 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 324 S +(\214lenames is the def)224 348 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nosort)184 360 Q F0 +-.7(Te)224 360 S(ll readline not to sort the list of possible completio\ +ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 372 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 372 S .22(ll readline not to append a space \(the def).7 F .22(ault\) to w)-.1 -F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 336 Q F1 -(plusdirs)184 348 Q F0 1.985(After an)224 348 R 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985 +F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 384 Q F1 +(plusdirs)184 396 Q F0 1.985(After an)224 396 R 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985 (atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)-4.485 F -.584(completion is attempted and an)224 360 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 -(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 372 -Q F1144 384 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 396 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0 +.584(completion is attempted and an)224 408 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 +(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 420 +Q F1144 432 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 444 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0 (may be one of the follo)2.5 E (wing to generate a list of possible completions:)-.25 E F1(alias)184 -408 Q F0(Alias names.)224 408 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 420 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 432 Q -(ariable names.)-.25 E F1(binding)184 444 Q(Readline)224 444 Q F0 -.1 -(ke)2.5 G 2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 456 S(iltin) -.2 E F0(Names of shell b)224 456 Q(uiltin commands.)-.2 E -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 468 -Q F0(Command names.)224 480 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 -E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 492 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 504 Q -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 516 -Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 528 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184 -540 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)224 540 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184 -552 Q F0(Names of e)224 552 Q(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May) +456 Q F0(Alias names.)224 456 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 468 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 480 Q +(ariable names.)-.25 E F1(binding)184 492 Q(Readline)224 492 Q F0 -.1 +(ke)2.5 G 2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 504 S(iltin) +.2 E F0(Names of shell b)224 504 Q(uiltin commands.)-.2 E +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 516 +Q F0(Command names.)224 528 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 +E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 540 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 552 Q +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 564 +Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 576 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184 +588 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)224 588 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184 +600 Q F0(Names of e)224 600 Q(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. 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May) --.1 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(running)184 -696 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)224 696 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 708 Q(vice)-.1 E F0(Service names.)224 708 -Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.0)72 -768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(59)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(job)184 708 Q F0 +(Job names, if job control is acti)224 708 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.M).15 G +(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 +Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(59)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 60 60 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(setopt)184 84 Q F0 -1.11(Va)224 84 S(lid ar)1.11 E(guments for the) --.18 E F12.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin.).2 E F1(shopt)184 96 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the) -224 96 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 108 Q -F0(Signal names.)224 108 Q F1(stopped)184 120 Q F0 -(Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)224 120 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(.).15 E F1(user)184 132 Q F0(User names.)224 132 Q -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 144 S -(riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)224 144 Q 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F -(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1144 156 Q/F2 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E(command)184 168 Q F0 1.055(is e)3.555 +SF -.1(ke)184 84 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 96 Q(ed w)-.15 +E 2.5(ords. May)-.1 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A +F1(running)184 108 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti) +224 108 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 120 Q(vice)-.1 E F0 +(Service names.)224 120 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E +F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 132 Q F0 -1.11(Va)224 132 S(lid ar)1.11 E +(guments for the)-.18 E F12.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 +E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(shopt)184 144 Q F0 +(Shell option names as accepted by the)224 144 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 156 Q F0(Signal names.)224 156 Q F1 +(stopped)184 168 Q F0(Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)224 +168 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(user)184 180 Q F0(User names.)224 180 Q +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 192 S +(riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)224 192 Q 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F +(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1144 204 Q/F2 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E(command)184 216 Q F0 1.055(is e)3.555 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.055(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 (vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.) -184 180 Q F1144 192 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 .114 -(The shell function)184 204 R F2(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F +184 228 Q F1144 240 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 .114 +(The shell function)184 252 R F2(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .114(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 2.614 -(vironment. When)-.4 F .113(the func-)2.613 F .816(tion is e)184 216 R +(vironment. When)-.4 F .113(the func-)2.613 F .816(tion is e)184 264 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .816(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .816(gument \()-.18 F F1 ($1)A F0 3.316(\)i)C 3.316(st)-3.316 G .817 (he name of the command whose ar)-3.316 F(guments)-.18 E 1.407 -(are being completed, the second ar)184 228 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1 +(are being completed, the second ar)184 276 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1 ($2)A F0 3.907(\)i)C 3.907(st)-3.907 G 1.407(he w)-3.907 F 1.407 -(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .103(third ar)184 240 R .103 +(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .103(third ar)184 288 R .103 (gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.603(\)i)C 2.603(st)-2.603 G .103(he w) -2.603 F .104(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .104 -(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .102(mand line.)184 252 R +(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .102(mand line.)184 300 R .102(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.102 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.601(df).15 G .101(rom the v)-2.601 F .101(alue of the) --.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMPREPL)184 264 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 -E(ariable.)-.25 E F1144 276 Q F2(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.007 -(The pathname e)184 288 R 1.007(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.507 +-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMPREPL)184 312 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 +E(ariable.)-.25 E F1144 324 Q F2(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.007 +(The pathname e)184 336 R 1.007(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F 1.008(xpanded to generate the possible comple-) --.15 F(tions.)184 300 Q F1144 312 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr) -184 324 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .535(is added at the be)3.035 F .534 +-.15 F(tions.)184 348 Q F1144 360 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr) +184 372 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .535(is added at the be)3.035 F .534 (ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F --.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 336 Q F1144 348 Q F2(suf)2.5 E -<8c78>-.18 E(suf)184 348 Q<8c78>-.18 E F0 +-.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 384 Q F1144 396 Q F2(suf)2.5 E +<8c78>-.18 E(suf)184 396 Q<8c78>-.18 E F0 (is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5 -E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1144 360 Q F2(wor)2.5 E -(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 372 Q F2(wor)3.639 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 +E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1144 408 Q F2(wor)2.5 E +(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 420 Q F2(wor)3.639 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 (is split using the characters in the)3.639 F F3(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.14 (special v)3.39 F 1.14(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F .981 -(each resultant w)184 384 R .981(ord is e)-.1 F 3.481(xpanded. Shell) +(each resultant w)184 432 R .981(ord is e)-.1 F 3.481(xpanded. Shell) -.15 F .981(quoting is honored within)3.481 F F2(wor)3.481 E(dlist)-.37 -E F0 3.48(,i)C 3.48(no)-3.48 G .98(rder to)-3.48 F(pro)184 396 Q .765 +E F0 3.48(,i)C 3.48(no)-3.48 G .98(rder to)-3.48 F(pro)184 444 Q .765 (vide a mechanism for the w)-.15 F .766 (ords to contain shell metacharacters or characters in the)-.1 F -.25 -(va)184 408 S 1.965(lue of).25 F F3(IFS)4.465 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) +(va)184 456 S 1.965(lue of).25 F F3(IFS)4.465 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) A F0 1.964 (The possible completions are the members of the resultant list which) -6.465 F(match the w)184 420 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E F1144 432 -Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 444 Q F0 .455 +6.465 F(match the w)184 468 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E F1144 480 +Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 492 Q F0 .455 (is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.955 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F .456(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596 -(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 456 R 1.596 -(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 468 Q F2(\214lterpat) +(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 504 R 1.596 +(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 516 Q F2(\214lterpat) 3.204 E F0 .704(is remo)3.204 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.204(df).15 G .704 (rom the list.)-3.204 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0 (in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.205 E F0(ne)3.205 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .705 -(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 480 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G +(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 528 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G (ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .467(The return v)144 496.8 R .467 +-.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .467(The return v)144 544.8 R .467 (alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466 (lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F12.966 E F0 (or)2.966 E F12.966 E F0 .466(is sup-)2.966 F 1.361 -(plied without a)144 508.8 R F2(name)3.861 E F0(ar)3.861 E 1.361 +(plied without a)144 556.8 R F2(name)3.861 E F0(ar)3.861 E 1.361 (gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.662 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H -1.362(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 520.8 Q F0 +1.362(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 568.8 Q F0 (for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E (xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E -F1(compopt)108 537.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C +F1(compopt)108 585.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255DEI)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 549.6 +F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 597.6 R F2(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F2(option)2.947 E F0 .447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .725 -(completion if no)144 561.6 R F2(name)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)C .725 +(completion if no)144 609.6 R F2(name)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)C .725 (re supplied.)-3.225 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .726 -(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 573.6 Q F2(name) +(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 621.6 Q F2(name) 3.224 E F0 .724(or the current completion.)3.224 F .724(The possible v) 5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F2(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224 -F .723(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.223 E(plete)144 585.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) +F .723(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.223 E(plete)144 633.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) 2.677 G .177(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.178(.T).15 G(he) -5.178 E F12.678 E F0 .178 (option indicates that other supplied options should apply to)2.678 F -1.228(the `)144 597.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.728('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ +1.228(the `)144 645.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.728('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ mmand completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for which \ -no)-3.728 F 2.038(completion has pre)144 609.6 R 2.038 +no)-3.728 F 2.038(completion has pre)144 657.6 R 2.038 (viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.038 E F14.538 E F0 2.039 (option indicates that other supplied options)4.538 F 1.539 -(should apply to `)144 621.6 R(`empty')-.74 E 4.039('c)-.74 G 1.538 +(should apply to `)144 669.6 R(`empty')-.74 E 4.039('c)-.74 G 1.538 (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.) --4.039 F(The)144 633.6 Q F13.02 E F0 .52(option indicates that ot\ +-4.039 F(The)144 681.6 Q F13.02 E F0 .52(option indicates that ot\ her supplied options should apply to completion on the initial non-)3.02 -F .868(assignment w)144 645.6 R .868 +F .868(assignment w)144 693.6 R .868 (ord on the line, or after a command delimiter such as)-.1 F F1(;)3.368 E F0(or)3.368 E F1(|)3.368 E F0 3.367(,w)C .867(hich is usually com-) --3.367 F(mand name completion.)144 657.6 Q 1.387(The return v)144 681.6 +-3.367 F(mand name completion.)144 705.6 Q 1.387(The return v)144 729.6 R 1.387(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.388 (lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the).25 F -(options for a)144 693.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 -(for which no completion speci\214cation e)2.5 E -(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q -(2019 May 20)148.175 E(60)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(60)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 61 61 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(continue)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A 1.754 -(Resume the ne)144 96 R 1.754(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 --.25(fo)4.254 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F1(until)4.254 E -F0 4.254(,o)C(r)-4.254 E F1(select)4.254 E F0 4.253(loop. If)4.254 F F2 -(n)4.613 E F0 1.753(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 108 -R F2(n)3.709 E F0 1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)6.569 E F0 1.209 -(must be)3.949 F/F3 10/Symbol SF3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F2(n) -4.069 E F0 1.209(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .514 -(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 120 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(options for a)144 +84 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.5 E F0 +(for which no completion speci\214cation e)2.5 E +(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(continue)108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144 +112.8 R 1.754(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F2 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r) +.25 E F0(,)A F2(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F2(until)4.254 E F0 4.254(,o)C(r) +-4.254 E F2(select)4.254 E F0 4.253(loop. If)4.254 F F1(n)4.613 E F0 +1.753(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 124.8 R F1(n)3.709 +E F0 1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F1(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F3 +10/Symbol SF3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F1(n)4.069 E F0 1.209 +(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .514 +(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 136.8 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.014('l)-.74 G .514(oop\) is resumed.)-3.014 F .513 -(The return v)5.513 F .513(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.013 E F0(is) -3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 132 Q F1(declar)108 148.8 Q -(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 -2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F1 -(typeset)108 160.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 --2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 172.8 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F +(The return v)5.513 F .513(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F1(n)3.013 E F0(is) +3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 148.8 Q F2(declar)108 165.6 +Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E +F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F2 +(typeset)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F2 +-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C +(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 189.6 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.564 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no) -3.765 E F2(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 +3.765 E F1(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.765(nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v)-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F --.25(va)144 184.8 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F13.483 E F0 .983 +-.25(va)144 201.6 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F23.483 E F0 .983 (option will display the attrib)3.483 F .983(utes and v)-.2 F .982 -(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.482 E F0 5.982(.W).18 G(hen)-5.982 E F1 -3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 196.8 Q F2(name)2.774 E -F0(ar)2.774 E .274(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F1 -2.775 E F0(and)2.775 E F12.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .275 -(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)5.275 E F12.775 E F0 .275(is supplied) -2.775 F(without)144 208.8 Q F2(name)4.814 E F0(ar)4.814 E 2.314 +(alues of each)-.25 F F1(name)3.482 E F0 5.982(.W).18 G(hen)-5.982 E F2 +3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 213.6 Q F1(name)2.774 E +F0(ar)2.774 E .274(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F2 +2.775 E F0(and)2.775 E F22.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .275 +(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)5.275 E F22.775 E F0 .275(is supplied) +2.775 F(without)144 225.6 Q F1(name)4.814 E F0(ar)4.814 E 2.314 (guments, it will display the attrib)-.18 F 2.314(utes and v)-.2 F 2.313 (alues of all v)-.25 F 2.313(ariables ha)-.25 F 2.313(ving the)-.2 F -(attrib)144 220.8 Q 1.181(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.) --.2 F 1.182(If no other options are supplied with)6.181 F F13.682 -E F0(,)A F1(declar)3.682 E(e)-.18 E F0 .62(will display the attrib)144 -232.8 R .62(utes and v)-.2 F .62(alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.12 -(ariables. The)-.25 F F13.12 E F0 .62 +(attrib)144 237.6 Q 1.181(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.) +-.2 F 1.182(If no other options are supplied with)6.181 F F23.682 +E F0(,)A F2(declar)3.682 E(e)-.18 E F0 .62(will display the attrib)144 +249.6 R .62(utes and v)-.2 F .62(alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.12 +(ariables. The)-.25 F F23.12 E F0 .62 (option will restrict the display)3.12 F 1.29(to shell functions.)144 -244.8 R(The)6.29 E F13.79 E F0 1.291(option inhibits the display \ +261.6 R(The)6.29 E F23.79 E F0 1.291(option inhibits the display \ of function de\214nitions; only the function)3.791 F .948 -(name and attrib)144 256.8 R .948(utes are printed.)-.2 F .948(If the) -5.948 F F1(extdeb)3.448 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .948 -(shell option is enabled using)3.448 F F1(shopt)3.448 E F0 3.448(,t)C +(name and attrib)144 273.6 R .948(utes are printed.)-.2 F .948(If the) +5.948 F F2(extdeb)3.448 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .948 +(shell option is enabled using)3.448 F F2(shopt)3.448 E F0 3.448(,t)C .948(he source)-3.448 F 1.69(\214le name and line number where each)144 -268.8 R F2(name)4.19 E F0 1.69(is de\214ned are displayed as well.)4.19 -F(The)6.69 E F14.19 E F0(option)4.19 E(implies)144 280.8 Q F1 -3.892 E F0 6.392(.T)C(he)-6.392 E F13.892 E F0 1.391 +285.6 R F1(name)4.19 E F0 1.69(is de\214ned are displayed as well.)4.19 +F(The)6.69 E F24.19 E F0(option)4.19 E(implies)144 297.6 Q F2 +3.892 E F0 6.392(.T)C(he)-6.392 E F23.892 E F0 1.391 (option forces v)3.892 F 1.391 (ariables to be created or modi\214ed at the global scope, e)-.25 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E(when)144 292.8 Q F1(declar)4.382 E(e)-.18 E F0 1.882 +(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E(when)144 309.6 Q F2(declar)4.382 E(e)-.18 E F0 1.882 (is e)4.382 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.882(cuted in a shell function.).15 F 1.883(It is ignored in all other cases.)6.882 F 1.883(The follo)6.883 F -(wing)-.25 E .794(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 304.8 +(wing)-.25 E .794(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 321.6 R .794(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .793(ute or to gi)-.2 -F 1.093 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 316.8 Q(utes:)-.2 E -F1144 328.8 Q F0(Each)180 328.8 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 -E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1 -(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1144 340.8 Q -F0(Each)180 340.8 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a) --.25 H(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1144 352.8 Q F0(Use function names only) -180 352.8 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 364.8 Q F0 .557(The v)180 364.8 R .558 +F 1.093 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 333.6 Q(utes:)-.2 E +F2144 345.6 Q F0(Each)180 345.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 +E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F2 +(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F2144 357.6 Q +F0(Each)180 357.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a) +-.25 H(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F2(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F2144 369.6 Q F0(Use function names only) +180 369.6 Q(.)-.65 E F2144 381.6 Q F0 .557(The v)180 381.6 R .558 (ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25 (va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .558 -(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)180 376.8 Q F0(abo) +(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)180 393.6 Q F0(abo) 2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\)i).15 G 2.5(sp)-2.5 G(erformed when the v) --2.5 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F1144 388.8 Q -F0 .91(When the v)180 388.8 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 +-2.5 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F2144 405.6 Q +F0 .91(When the v)180 405.6 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 (alue, all upper)-.25 F .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 -G .909(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 400.8 R -(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1144 412.8 -Q F0(Gi)180 412.8 Q 1.619 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.819 E F0 -(the)3.819 E F2(namer)3.819 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319 +G .909(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. 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O)-.25 H .912(perator precedence is).65 F -(used when there are \214v)144 174 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar) --2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 186 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)180 186 S(ue if).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E(alse.) --.1 E F1(\()144 198 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26 -(Returns the v)180 198 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 -5.26(.T)C .26(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 -(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 210 Q F2 -.2(ex) -144 222 S(pr1).2 E F02.5 E F1(a)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)180 234 S(ue if both).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F2 --.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F2 -.2(ex)144 246 S(pr1).2 E -F02.5 E F1(o)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 258 S -(ue if either).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G -(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 274.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E -F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E +(used when there are \214v)144 226.8 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G +(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 238.8 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E +F0 -.35(Tr)180 238.8 S(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 +E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\()144 250.8 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 +.26(Returns the v)180 250.8 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 +E F0 5.26(.T)C .26(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 +(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 262.8 Q F3 -.2 +(ex)144 274.8 S(pr1).2 E F02.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 +-.35(Tr)180 286.8 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 +E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 298.8 S +(pr1).2 E F02.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 +310.8 S(ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2 +(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 327.6 Q F0(and)2.5 E +F1([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E (xpressions using a set of rules based on the number of ar)-.15 E -(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 292.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) -180 304.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 316.8 S -.18 -(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 328.8 Q +(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 345.6 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) +180 357.6 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 369.6 S -.18 +(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 381.6 Q (xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18 -E 2.5(2a)144 340.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) -180 352.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 +E 2.5(2a)144 393.6 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) +180 405.6 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 -(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 364.8 R .38 +(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 417.6 R .38 (gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .679 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 376.8 Q .552 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 429.6 Q .552 (AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .552(the e)2.802 F .552 (xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .552 -(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 388.8 Q +(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 441.6 Q (alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E -(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 400.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 412.8 R .236 +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 453.6 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 465.6 R .236 (wing conditions are applied in the order listed.)-.25 F .236 (If the second ar)5.236 F .236(gument is one of)-.18 F .855 -(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 424.8 R 1.155 -.15 -(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F -F4(,)A F0(the)3.105 E .579(result of the e)180 436.8 R .578(xpression i\ +(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 477.6 R 1.155 -.15 +(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F +F4(,)A F0(the)3.105 E .579(result of the e)180 489.6 R .578(xpression i\ s the result of the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F -(guments)-.18 E 1.332(as operands.)180 448.8 R(The)6.332 E F13.832 +(guments)-.18 E 1.332(as operands.)180 501.6 R(The)6.332 E F13.832 E F0(and)3.832 E F13.832 E F0 1.333 (operators are considered binary operators when there are)3.832 F .558 -(three ar)180 460.8 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 +(three ar)180 513.6 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 F .558(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F .558(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F (o-ar)-.1 E(gument)-.18 E .52(test using the second and third ar)180 -472.8 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .521 +525.6 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .521 (gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.021 E F0 .521(and the third) -3.021 F(ar)180 484.8 Q .485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 +3.021 F(ar)180 537.6 Q .485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 E F0 2.985(,t)C .485(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485 (gument test of the second ar)-.18 F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E -(wise, the e)180 496.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 -508.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .384(If the \214rst ar)180 520.8 R +(wise, the e)180 549.6 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 +561.6 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .384(If the \214rst ar)180 573.6 R .384(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.884 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385 (he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .385(tion of the three-ar) .05 F .385(gument e)-.18 F .385(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.648 -(posed of the remaining ar)180 532.8 R 4.147(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F +(posed of the remaining ar)180 585.6 R 4.147(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.647(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G(luated).25 E(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 -544.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 556.8 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar) --2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 568.8 R 1.635 +597.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 609.6 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar) +-2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 621.6 R 1.635 (xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.635 (luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180 -580.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 598.8 Q F1(test)2.5 E +633.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 651.6 Q F1(test)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F1(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1 (>)2.5 E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E -(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F1(times)108 615.6 Q F0 +(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F1(times)108 668.4 Q F0 1.229(Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for\ - processes run from the shell.)144 615.6 R(The return status is 0.)144 -627.6 Q F1(trap)108 644.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E -F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .702(The command) -144 656.4 R F2(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0 .702(is to be read and e)3.422 F + processes run from the shell.)144 668.4 R(The return status is 0.)144 +680.4 Q F1(trap)108 697.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E +F3(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F3(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .702(The command) +144 709.2 R F3(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0 .702(is to be read and e)3.422 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.203(ss).15 G(ignal\(s\))-3.203 E F2(sigspec)3.203 E F0 5.703(.I).31 G -(f)-5.703 E F2(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.423 E .609 -(absent \(and there is a single)144 668.4 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108 +3.203(ss).15 G(ignal\(s\))-3.203 E F3(sigspec)3.203 E F0 5.703(.I).31 G +(f)-5.703 E F3(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.423 E .609 +(absent \(and there is a single)144 721.2 R F3(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108 (\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F13.108 E F0 3.108(,e)C .608 (ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F -.658(\(the v)144 680.4 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) --.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659 -(is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F2(sigspec) -144.34 692.4 Q F0 .581 -(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58 -(is not present and)3.3 F F13.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214 -(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 704.4 R -F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215 -F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 716.4 R F13.36 -E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 -(prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 4.326 -(signal. The)144 728.4 R F14.326 E F0 1.826(option causes the she\ -ll to print a list of signal names and their corresponding)4.326 F -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(77)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(77)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 78 78 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 3.126 -(numbers. Each)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sigspec)3.466 E F0 .625 -(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)3.436 F F1(signal.h)A F0 .625 -(>, or a signal number)B 5.625(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-5.625 E -(names are case insensiti)144 96 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E/F2 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.648(If a) -144 114 R F1(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F2(EXIT)4.148 E F0 1.648 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .658(\(the v)144 +84 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).)-.25 F(If)5.658 E/F1 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659 +(is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F1(sigspec) +144.34 96 Q F0 .581(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in) +3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F1(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E +F0 .58(is not present and)3.3 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF3.08 E F0 +(has)3.08 E 1.214 +(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 108 R F1 +(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215 F +(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 120 R F23.36 E +F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F2(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 +(prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83 +(signal. The)144 132 R F22.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell to\ + print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F 4.311 +(bers. Each)144 144 R F1(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811 +(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.621 F F1(signal.h)A F0 1.81 +(>, or a signal number)B 6.81(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.81 E +(names are case insensiti)144 156 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E/F3 +9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.648(If a) +144 174 R F1(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F3(EXIT)4.148 E F0 1.648 (\(0\) the command)3.898 F F1(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e)4.369 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.649(xit from the shell.)-.15 F -1.649(If a)6.649 F F1(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F2(DEB)144 126 Q(UG) --.09 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.168(the command)3.418 F F1(ar) +1.649(If a)6.649 F F1(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F3(DEB)144 186 Q(UG) +-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.168(the command)3.418 F F1(ar) 3.998 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.168(is e)3.888 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167 (cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F1 1.167(simple command) 3.667 F F0(,)A F1(for)3.667 E F0(command,)3.667 E F1(case)3.667 E F0 -(com-)3.667 E(mand,)144 138 Q F1(select)2.646 E F0 .146(command, e)2.646 +(com-)3.667 E(mand,)144 198 Q F1(select)2.646 E F0 .146(command, e)2.646 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .146(ry arithmetic).15 F F1(for)2.646 E F0 .147 (command, and before the \214rst command e)2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .147 -(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function \(see)144 150 R F2 .146 +(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function \(see)144 210 R F3 .146 (SHELL GRAMMAR)2.646 F F0(abo)2.396 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 -F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(extdeb) -2.645 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .145(option to)2.645 F(the)144 162 Q F4(shopt)3.2 E -F0 -.2(bu)3.2 G .7(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 -F F4(DEB)3.2 E(UG)-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F1(sigspec)3.54 E -F0(is)3.51 E F2(RETURN)3.2 E F3(,)A F0 .701(the com-)2.951 F(mand)144 -174 Q F1(ar)3.474 E(g)-.37 E F0 .644(is e)3.364 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 +F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F2(extdeb)2.645 E(ug)-.2 E F0 +.145(option to)2.645 F(the)144 222 Q F2(shopt)3.2 E F0 -.2(bu)3.2 G .7 +(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F2(DEB)3.2 E(UG) +-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F1(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E F3 +(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .701(the com-)2.951 F(mand)144 234 Q F1(ar)3.474 +E(g)-.37 E F0 .644(is e)3.364 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 (cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.643(cuted with the).15 F F4(.)3.143 E F0(or)3.143 E F4(sour)3.143 E(ce) --.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.143 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 186 Q -.15(xe)-.15 -G(cuting.).15 E .96(If a)144 204 R F1(sigspec)3.8 E F0(is)3.77 E F2(ERR) -3.46 E F3(,)A F0 .96(the command)3.21 F F1(ar)3.791 E(g)-.37 E F0 .961 +.643(cuted with the).15 F F2(.)3.143 E F0(or)3.143 E F2(sour)3.143 E(ce) +-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.143 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 246 Q -.15(xe)-.15 +G(cuting.).15 E .96(If a)144 264 R F1(sigspec)3.8 E F0(is)3.77 E F3(ERR) +3.46 E F4(,)A F0 .96(the command)3.21 F F1(ar)3.791 E(g)-.37 E F0 .961 (is e)3.681 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .961(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.461 (rap).15 G .961(ipeline \(which may consist of a)-3.461 F .185(single s\ imple command\), a list, or a compound command returns a non\255zero e) -144 216 R .184(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .451(the follo)144 228 R -.451(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.451 E F2(ERR)2.951 E F0 .451 +144 276 R .184(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .451(the follo)144 288 R +.451(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.451 E F3(ERR)2.951 E F0 .451 (trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451(cuted if the f).15 F .452 (ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .388 -(mand list immediately follo)144 240 R .388(wing a)-.25 F F4(while)2.888 -E F0(or)2.888 E F4(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 +(mand list immediately follo)144 300 R .388(wing a)-.25 F F2(while)2.888 +E F0(or)2.888 E F2(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 (ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F1(if)2.897 E F0 .387 -(statement, part)4.847 F .777(of a command e)144 252 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -.778(cuted in a).15 F F4(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F4(||)3.278 E F0 .778 +(statement, part)4.847 F .777(of a command e)144 312 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.778(cuted in a).15 F F2(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F2(||)3.278 E F0 .778 (list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778 -(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F4(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F4(||)3.278 E F0 -3.278(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.278 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 264 R 1.28 +(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F2(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F2(||)3.278 E F0 +3.278(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.278 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 324 R 1.28 (ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v)-3.78 -F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F F4(!) -3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 276 Q(yed by the) --.15 E F4(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F4A F0 2.5(\)o)C +F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F F2(!) +3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 336 Q(yed by the) +-.15 E F2(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F2A F0 2.5(\)o)C (ption.)-2.5 E 1.095 (Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 -294 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 -(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 306 R .662 +354 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 +(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 366 R .662 (alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .661(vironment when one is) --.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 318 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1 +-.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 378 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F1(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid; otherwise).25 E F4(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F4(type)108 -334.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F4(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1 -(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 346.8 S .173 +(lid; otherwise).25 E F2(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F2(type)108 +394.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1 +(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 406.8 S .173 (th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F1(name) 3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174 (uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F -F4144 358.8 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F4(type)3.343 E F0 +F2144 418.8 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F2(type)3.343 E F0 .843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F1(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E F1 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F1(function)3.343 E F0 (,).24 E F1 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F1 -(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F1(name)144.36 370.8 Q F0 .086 +(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F1(name)144.36 430.8 Q F0 .086 (is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086 (ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F1 (name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119 -(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 382.8 R .118 +(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 442.8 R .118 (xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F -F42.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F4(type)2.618 E F0 .855 -(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 394.8 R .855 +F22.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F2(type)2.618 E F0 .855 +(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 454.8 R .855 (ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F1(name)3.715 E F0 .855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if) -144 406.8 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141 +144 466.8 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141 G .641(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E -F43.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F2 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189 -E F0 .112(search for each)144 418.8 R F1(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15 +F23.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F3 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189 +E F0 .112(search for each)144 478.8 R F1(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15 (ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F5 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I) -.18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F42.613 E -F0(and)144 430.8 Q F43.231 E F0 .731(print the hashed v)3.231 F +.18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F22.613 E +F0(and)144 490.8 Q F23.231 E F0 .731(print the hashed v)3.231 F .73(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in) --.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.23 G(TH)-.189 E F3(.)A F0 .73(If the)5.23 F F4 -144 442.8 Q F0 1.748(option is used,)4.248 F F4(type)4.248 E F0 +-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)3.23 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .73(If the)5.23 F F2 +144 502.8 Q F0 1.748(option is used,)4.248 F F2(type)4.248 E F0 1.748(prints all of the places that contain an e)4.248 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.748(cutable named).15 F F1(name)4.249 E F0 6.749(.T).18 G(his)-6.749 E -.744(includes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 454.8 R F4 +.744(includes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 514.8 R F2 3.244 E F0 .744(option is not also used.)3.244 F .743 (The table of hashed)5.744 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using) -144 466.8 R F43.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F43.723 E F0 +144 526.8 R F23.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F23.723 E F0 1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .326(with the) -144 478.8 R F4(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F4(type) +144 538.8 R F2(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F2(type) 5.326 E F0 .326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325 (guments are found, f)-.18 F .325(alse if an)-.1 F 2.825(ya)-.15 G .325 -(re not)-2.825 F(found.)144 490.8 Q F4(ulimit)108 507.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F4 +(re not)-2.825 F(found.)144 550.8 Q F2(ulimit)108 567.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 (\255HSabcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPT)A F0([)2.5 E F1(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 -519.6 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243 +579.6 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243 (he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F -.944(that allo)144 531.6 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F -(The)5.944 E F43.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F43.444 E F0 .943 +.944(that allo)144 591.6 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F +(The)5.944 E F23.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F23.444 E F0 .943 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi) -144 543.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 +144 603.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 (hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\ -ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 555.6 R .426 -(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F42.925 E -F0(nor)2.925 E F42.925 E F0 .425 +ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 615.6 R .426 +(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F22.925 E +F0(nor)2.925 E F22.925 E F0 .425 (is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 -567.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F1(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 +627.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F1(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F -.742(of the special v)144 579.6 R(alues)-.25 E F4(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F4 -(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F4(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) +.742(of the special v)144 639.6 R(alues)-.25 E F2(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F2 +(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F2(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78 -(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 591.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E +(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 651.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F1(limit)3.37 E F0 .78 (is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25 -F .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 603.6 R F42.999 E F0 +F .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 663.6 R F22.999 E F0 .499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498 (more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F -(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 615.6 Q 2.5 -(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F4 -144 627.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)180 627.6 Q F4 -144 639.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 639.6 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E -(fer size)-.25 E F4144 651.6 Q F0 -(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 651.6 Q F4144 663.6 -Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 663.6 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se) --2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F4144 675.6 Q F0 -(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180 675.6 Q F4144 -687.6 Q F0 -(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)180 -687.6 Q F4144 699.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180 -699.6 Q F4144 711.6 Q F0 -(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 711.6 Q -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(78)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 675.6 Q 2.5 +(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F2 +144 687.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)180 687.6 Q F2 +144 699.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 699.6 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E +(fer size)-.25 E F2144 711.6 Q F0 +(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 711.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 +768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(78)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 79 79 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF144 84 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 84 Q -(ed into memory)-.1 E F1144 96 Q F0 -(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 96 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G -(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1144 108 Q F0 .791(The \ -maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)180 -108 R 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F(be set\)) -180 120 Q F1144 132 Q F0 -(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 132 Q F1 -144 144 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues) -180 144 Q F1144 156 Q F0 -(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 156 Q F1144 168 Q -F0(The maximum stack size)180 168 Q F1144 180 Q F0 -(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 180 Q F1144 192 Q -F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 192 Q -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable to a single user).25 E F1144 204 Q F0 .47 -(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 204 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47 -(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 216 -Q F1144 228 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 228 Q F1 -144 240 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 240 Q F1 -144 252 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)180 252 Q(If)144 268.8 +SF144 84 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 84 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 +G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1144 96 Q F0 +(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180 96 Q F1144 108 Q +F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)180 +108 Q F1144 120 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180 120 +Q F1144 132 Q F0 +(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 132 Q F1 +144 144 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 144 Q(ed into memory) +-.1 E F1144 156 Q F0(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 156 Q +2.5(ys)-.15 G(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1144 168 Q +F0 .791(The maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do\ + not allo)180 168 R 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to) +-.25 F(be set\))180 180 Q F1144 192 Q F0 +(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 192 Q F1 +144 204 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues) +180 204 Q F1144 216 Q F0 +(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 216 Q F1144 228 Q +F0(The maximum stack size)180 228 Q F1144 240 Q F0 +(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 240 Q F1144 252 Q +F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 252 Q -.25(va)-.2 G +(ilable to a single user).25 E F1144 264 Q F0 .47 +(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 264 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47 +(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 276 +Q F1144 288 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 288 Q F1 +144 300 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 300 Q F1 +144 312 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)180 312 Q(If)144 328.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve) -.25 G .468(n, and the).15 F F12.968 E F0 .468 (option is not used,)2.968 F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 -E .045(no option is gi)144 280.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(n, then).15 F F1 +E .045(no option is gi)144 340.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(n, then).15 F F1 2.545 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 (lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .044(xcept for)-.15 F F1 2.544 E F0 2.544(,w)C .044(hich is)-2.544 F 1.588(in seconds;)144 -292.8 R F14.088 E F0 4.089(,w)C 1.589 +352.8 R F14.088 E F0 4.089(,w)C 1.589 (hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;)-4.089 F F14.089 E F0(,)A F1 4.089 E F0(,)A F14.089 E F0(,)A F14.089 E F0(,)A F1 4.089 E F0 4.089(,a)C(nd)-4.089 E F14.089 E F0 4.089(,w)C -1.589(hich are)-4.089 F 1.476(unscaled v)144 304.8 R 1.476 +1.589(hich are)-4.089 F 1.476(unscaled v)144 364.8 R 1.476 (alues; and, when in posix mode,)-.25 F F13.976 E F0(and)3.976 E F13.976 E F0 3.976(,w)C 1.476(hich are in 512-byte increments.) --3.976 F(The)6.476 E .404(return status is 0 unless an in)144 316.8 R +-3.976 F(The)6.476 E .404(return status is 0 unless an in)144 376.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G .404(lid option or ar).25 F .404 (gument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting)-.18 F 2.5(an)144 -328.8 S .5 -.25(ew l)-2.5 H(imit.).25 E F1(umask)108 345.6 Q F0([)2.5 E +388.8 S .5 -.25(ew l)-2.5 H(imit.).25 E F1(umask)108 405.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A -.2(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 357.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0 +.2(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 417.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0 5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2 (gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\ therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\ -pted by)144 369.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 -381.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382 +pted by)144 429.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 +441.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382 (alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F12.882 E F0 .382 (option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547 -(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 393.6 R .547 +(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 453.6 R .547 (ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G (he)-3.047 E F13.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2 -(mode)144.38 405.6 Q F0 .552 +(mode)144.38 465.6 Q F0 .552 (is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232 -F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 417.6 Q +F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 477.6 Q (as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E (gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1 -(unalias)108 434.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 446.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) +(unalias)108 494.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 +(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 506.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) 4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E F14.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155 -F(remo)144 458.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E +F(remo)144 518.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E (alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0 -(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 475.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 +(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 535.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 (fv)A F0 2.5(][)C-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...]) -2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 487.2 S 3.828(re).15 G(ach)-3.828 E F2(name)3.828 E F0 +2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 547.2 S 3.828(re).15 G(ach)-3.828 E F2(name)3.828 E F0 3.828(,r).18 G(emo)-3.828 E 1.628 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.328 (he corresponding v).15 F 1.327(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.327 (If the)6.327 F F13.827 E F0 1.327(option is gi)3.827 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 1.327(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 499.2 Q F0 1.55 +-.25 G 1.327(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 559.2 Q F0 1.55 (refers to a shell v)4.23 F 1.551(ariable, and that v)-.25 F 1.551 (ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.051(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va) -4.051 G 1.551(riables may not be).25 F 4.642(unset. If)144 511.2 R F1 +4.051 G 1.551(riables may not be).25 F 4.642(unset. If)144 571.2 R F1 4.642 E F0 2.142(is speci\214ed, each)4.642 F F2(name)5.001 E F0 2.141(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is)4.821 -F(remo)144 523.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.537(d. If).15 F(the)2.537 E F1 +F(remo)144 583.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.537(d. If).15 F(the)2.537 E F1 2.537 E F0 .037(option is supplied, and)2.537 F F2(name)2.537 E F0 .037 (is a v)2.537 F .037(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.537 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)2.537 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.537 E F0(will)2.538 E .492 -(be unset rather than the v)144 535.2 R .492(ariable it references.)-.25 +(be unset rather than the v)144 595.2 R .492(ariable it references.)-.25 F F15.492 E F0 .492(has no ef)2.992 F .492(fect if the)-.25 F F1 2.992 E F0 .492(option is supplied.)2.992 F .492(If no)5.492 F .22 -(options are supplied, each)144 547.2 R F2(name)2.72 E F0 .22 +(options are supplied, each)144 607.2 R F2(name)2.72 E F0 .22 (refers to a v)2.72 F .221(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .221 (ariable by that name, an)-.25 F 2.721(yf)-.15 G(unc-)-2.721 E 1.189 -(tion with that name is unset.)144 559.2 R 1.189(Each unset v)6.189 F +(tion with that name is unset.)144 619.2 R 1.189(Each unset v)6.189 F 1.189(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.688(df).15 G 1.188(rom the en)-3.688 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.205 -(passed to subsequent commands.)144 571.2 R 3.206(If an)8.206 F 5.706 +(passed to subsequent commands.)144 631.2 R 3.206(If an)8.206 F 5.706 (yo)-.15 G(f)-5.706 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)5.706 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)5.456 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)5.456 E -F4(,)A F3(LINENO)144 583.2 Q F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.348 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) +F4(,)A F3(LINENO)144 643.2 Q F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.348 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) 4.348 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.348 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.348 E F3(DIRST)4.598 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0 2.098(are unset, the)4.348 F 4.597(yl)-.15 G 2.097(ose their special)-4.597 F(properties, e)144 -595.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he)-2.5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 +655.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he)-2.5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re subsequently reset.)-2.5 E(The e)5 E(xit status is true unless a) --.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 612 Q +-.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 672 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(id ...)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 -624 S .659(it for each speci\214ed child process and return its termina\ +684 S .659(it for each speci\214ed child process and return its termina\ tion status.).8 F(Each)5.659 E F2(id)3.169 E F0 .659(may be a process) -3.929 F .009(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 636 R +3.929 F .009(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 696 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .008(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.508(sp)-.55 G .008(ipeline are w)-2.508 F .008(aited for)-.1 F 5.008(.I)-.55 G(f) --5.008 E F2(id)144.01 648 Q F0 .441(is not gi)3.711 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,) +-5.008 E F2(id)144.01 708 Q F0 .441(is not gi)3.711 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,) .15 E F1(wait)2.941 E F0 -.1(wa)2.941 G .441 (its for all running background jobs and the last-e).1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .442(cuted process substitu-).15 F .598 -(tion, if its process id is the same as)144 660 R F1($!)3.098 E F0 3.098 +(tion, if its process id is the same as)144 720 R F1($!)3.098 E F0 3.098 (,a)C .598(nd the return status is zero.)-3.098 F .597(If the)5.597 F F1 -3.097 E F0 .597(option is supplied,)3.097 F F1(wait)144 672 Q F0 --.1(wa)3.056 G .556(its for a single job to terminate and returns its e) -.1 F .557(xit status.)-.15 F .557(Supplying the)5.557 F F13.057 E -F0 .557(option, when)3.057 F .346(job control is enabled, forces)144 684 -R F1(wait)2.846 E F0 .346(to w)2.846 F .346(ait for)-.1 F F2(id)2.846 E -F0 .346(to terminate before returning its status, instead of)2.846 F -.599(returning when it changes status.)144 696 R(If)5.599 E F2(id)3.109 -E F0 .599(speci\214es a non-e)3.869 F .6 -(xistent process or job, the return status is)-.15 F 2.5 -(127. Otherwise,)144 708 R(the return status is the e)2.5 E -(xit status of the last process or job w)-.15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E(79)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +3.097 E F0 .597(option is supplied,)3.097 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q +(2019 June 21)148.175 E(79)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 80 80 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(RESTRICTED SHELL)72 84 Q F0(If)108 96 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)4.397 E F0 1.897(is started with the name)4.397 F -F2(rbash)4.397 E F0 4.397(,o)C 4.397(rt)-4.397 G(he)-4.397 E F2 -4.397 E F0 1.896(option is supplied at in)4.397 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.896 -(cation, the shell becomes).2 F 3.445(restricted. 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initialization \214le, e)144 638.4 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuted for login shells).15 E F2(~/.bash_pr)109.666 650.4 Q(o\214le)-.45 +E F0(The personal initialization \214le, e)144 662.4 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuted for login shells).15 E F2(~/.bashr)109.666 674.4 Q(c)-.37 E F0 +(The indi)144 686.4 Q(vidual per)-.25 E(-interacti)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(-shell startup \214le).15 E F2(~/.bash_lo)109.666 698.4 Q(gout)-.1 E F0 +(The indi)144 710.4 Q(vidual login shell cleanup \214le, e)-.25 E -.15 +(xe)-.15 G(cuted when a login shell e).15 E(xits)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 +768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E(80)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 81 81 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(Chet Rame)108 84 Q -1.3 -.65(y, C)-.15 H(ase W).65 E(estern Reserv)-.8 E 2.5(eU)-.15 G(ni) --2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(chet.rame)108 96 Q(y@case.edu)-.15 E -/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -.11(BU)72 112.8 S 2.738(GR).11 G(EPOR)-2.738 -E(TS)-.438 E F0 .568(If you \214nd a b)108 124.8 R .568(ug in)-.2 F/F2 -10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash,)3.068 E F0 .568(you should report it.)3.068 F -.568(But \214rst, you should mak)5.568 F 3.068(es)-.1 G .568 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(~/.inputr)109.666 84 Q(c)-.37 E F0(Indi)144 96 Q +(vidual)-.25 E F1 -.37(re)2.5 G(adline).37 E F0(initialization \214le) +2.5 E/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -.548(AU)72 112.8 S(THORS).548 E F0 +(Brian F)108 124.8 Q(ox, Free Softw)-.15 E(are F)-.1 E(oundation)-.15 E +(bfox@gnu.or)108 136.8 Q(g)-.18 E(Chet Rame)108 153.6 Q 1.3 -.65(y, C) +-.15 H(ase W).65 E(estern Reserv)-.8 E 2.5(eU)-.15 G(ni)-2.5 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G(rsity).15 E(chet.rame)108 165.6 Q(y@case.edu)-.15 E F2 -.11(BU)72 +182.4 S 2.738(GR).11 G(EPOR)-2.738 E(TS)-.438 E F0 .568 +(If you \214nd a b)108 194.4 R .568(ug in)-.2 F/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(bash,)3.068 E F0 .568(you should report it.)3.068 F .568 +(But \214rst, you 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actually e)-.2 F .411(xists, use the) +-.15 F F1(bashb)3.18 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .41(command to submit a b)3.13 F .41 +(ug report.)-.2 F(If)5.41 E .594(you ha)108 247.2 R .894 -.15(ve a \214) +-.2 H .595(x, you are encouraged to mail that as well!).15 F .595 (Suggestions and `philosophical' b)5.595 F .595(ug reports may)-.2 F -(be mailed to)108 189.6 Q F3 -.2(bu)2.5 G(g-bash@gnu.or).2 E(g)-.37 E F0 -(or posted to the Usenet ne)2.5 E(wsgroup)-.25 E F2(gnu.bash.b)2.5 E(ug) --.2 E F0(.)A(ALL b)108 206.4 Q(ug reports should include:)-.2 E(The v) -108 223.2 Q(ersion number of)-.15 E F2(bash)2.5 E F0(The hardw)108 235.2 -Q(are and operating system)-.1 E(The compiler used to compile)108 247.2 -Q 2.5(Ad)108 259.2 S(escription of the b)-2.5 E(ug beha)-.2 E(viour)-.2 -E 2.5(As)108 271.2 S(hort script or `recipe' which e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 -G(rcises the b).15 E(ug)-.2 E F3(bashb)108.27 288 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 +(be mailed to)108 259.2 Q F1 -.2(bu)2.5 G(g-bash@gnu.or).2 E(g)-.37 E F0 +(or posted to the Usenet ne)2.5 E(wsgroup)-.25 E F3(gnu.bash.b)2.5 E(ug) +-.2 E F0(.)A(ALL b)108 276 Q(ug reports should include:)-.2 E(The v)108 +292.8 Q(ersion number of)-.15 E F3(bash)2.5 E F0(The hardw)108 304.8 Q +(are and operating system)-.1 E(The compiler used to compile)108 316.8 Q +2.5(Ad)108 328.8 S(escription of the b)-2.5 E(ug beha)-.2 E(viour)-.2 E +2.5(As)108 340.8 S(hort script or `recipe' which e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(rcises the b).15 E(ug)-.2 E F1(bashb)108.27 357.6 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 (inserts the \214rst three items automatically into the template it pro) 2.72 E(vides for \214ling a b)-.15 E(ug report.)-.2 E(Comments and b)108 -304.8 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2 -E F3 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et.r).15 E(ame)-.15 E(y@case)-.3 E(.edu)-.15 E F0(.) -.25 E F1 -.11(BU)72 321.6 S(GS).11 E F0(It')108 333.6 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G +374.4 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2 +E F1 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et.r).15 E(ame)-.15 E(y@case)-.3 E(.edu)-.15 E F0(.) +.25 E F2 -.11(BU)72 391.2 S(GS).11 E F0(It')108 403.2 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G (oo big and too slo)-2.5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G 1.869 -(There are some subtle dif)108 350.4 R 1.869(ferences between)-.25 F F2 +(There are some subtle dif)108 420 R 1.869(ferences between)-.25 F F3 (bash)4.369 E F0 1.869(and traditional v)4.369 F 1.869(ersions of)-.15 F -F2(sh)4.368 E F0 4.368(,m)C 1.868(ostly because of the)-4.368 F/F4 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 362.4 Q F0(speci\214cation.)2.25 E -(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 379.2 Q(Shell b)108 396 Q +F3(sh)4.368 E F0 4.368(,m)C 1.868(ostly because of the)-4.368 F/F4 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 432 Q F0(speci\214cation.)2.25 E +(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 448.8 Q(Shell b)108 465.6 Q (uiltin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.)-.2 E 1.315(Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' a\ -re not handled gracefully when)108 412.8 R .39 -(process suspension is attempted.)108 424.8 R .389 +re not handled gracefully when)108 482.4 R .39 +(process suspension is attempted.)108 494.4 R .389 (When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.39 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .389(cutes the ne).15 F .389(xt com-)-.15 F .192 -(mand in the sequence.)108 436.8 R .192(It suf)5.192 F .192(\214ces to \ +(mand in the sequence.)108 506.4 R .192(It suf)5.192 F .192(\214ces to \ place the sequence of commands between parentheses to force it into a) --.25 F(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 448.8 Q(Array v)108 -465.6 Q(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E -(There may be only one acti)108 482.4 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H -(oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 May 20)148.175 E +-.25 F(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 518.4 Q(Array v)108 +535.2 Q(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E +(There may be only one acti)108 552 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H +(oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2019 June 21)148.175 E (81)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Trailer end diff --git a/doc/bashref.aux b/doc/bashref.aux index 57f6045c..d4e2c9b8 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.aux +++ b/doc/bashref.aux @@ -122,10 +122,10 @@ @xrdef{Executing Commands-snt}{Section@tie 3.7} @xrdef{Simple Command Expansion-title}{Simple Command Expansion} @xrdef{Simple Command Expansion-snt}{Section@tie 3.7.1} -@xrdef{Command Search and Execution-title}{Command Search and Execution} -@xrdef{Command Search and Execution-snt}{Section@tie 3.7.2} @xrdef{Executing Commands-pg}{38} @xrdef{Simple Command Expansion-pg}{38} +@xrdef{Command Search and Execution-title}{Command Search and Execution} +@xrdef{Command Search and Execution-snt}{Section@tie 3.7.2} @xrdef{Command Execution Environment-title}{Command Execution Environment} @xrdef{Command Execution Environment-snt}{Section@tie 3.7.3} @xrdef{Command Search and Execution-pg}{39} @@ -146,92 +146,92 @@ @xrdef{Shell Builtin Commands-snt}{Chapter@tie 4} @xrdef{Bourne Shell Builtins-title}{Bourne Shell Builtins} @xrdef{Bourne Shell Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 4.1} -@xrdef{Shell Builtin Commands-pg}{43} -@xrdef{Bourne Shell Builtins-pg}{43} +@xrdef{Shell Builtin Commands-pg}{44} +@xrdef{Bourne Shell Builtins-pg}{44} @xrdef{Bash Builtins-title}{Bash Builtin Commands} @xrdef{Bash Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 4.2} -@xrdef{Bash Builtins-pg}{50} +@xrdef{Bash Builtins-pg}{51} @xrdef{Modifying Shell Behavior-title}{Modifying Shell Behavior} @xrdef{Modifying Shell Behavior-snt}{Section@tie 4.3} @xrdef{The Set Builtin-title}{The Set Builtin} @xrdef{The Set Builtin-snt}{Section@tie 4.3.1} -@xrdef{Modifying Shell Behavior-pg}{61} -@xrdef{The Set Builtin-pg}{61} +@xrdef{Modifying Shell Behavior-pg}{62} +@xrdef{The Set Builtin-pg}{62} @xrdef{The Shopt Builtin-title}{The Shopt Builtin} @xrdef{The Shopt Builtin-snt}{Section@tie 4.3.2} -@xrdef{The Shopt Builtin-pg}{65} +@xrdef{The Shopt Builtin-pg}{66} @xrdef{Special Builtins-title}{Special Builtins} @xrdef{Special Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 4.4} -@xrdef{Special Builtins-pg}{71} +@xrdef{Special Builtins-pg}{72} @xrdef{Shell Variables-title}{Shell Variables} @xrdef{Shell Variables-snt}{Chapter@tie 5} @xrdef{Bourne Shell Variables-title}{Bourne Shell Variables} @xrdef{Bourne Shell Variables-snt}{Section@tie 5.1} @xrdef{Bash Variables-title}{Bash Variables} @xrdef{Bash Variables-snt}{Section@tie 5.2} -@xrdef{Shell Variables-pg}{73} -@xrdef{Bourne Shell Variables-pg}{73} -@xrdef{Bash Variables-pg}{73} +@xrdef{Shell Variables-pg}{74} +@xrdef{Bourne Shell Variables-pg}{74} +@xrdef{Bash Variables-pg}{74} @xrdef{Bash Features-title}{Bash Features} @xrdef{Bash Features-snt}{Chapter@tie 6} @xrdef{Invoking Bash-title}{Invoking Bash} @xrdef{Invoking Bash-snt}{Section@tie 6.1} -@xrdef{Bash Features-pg}{85} -@xrdef{Invoking Bash-pg}{85} +@xrdef{Bash Features-pg}{86} +@xrdef{Invoking Bash-pg}{86} @xrdef{Bash Startup Files-title}{Bash Startup Files} @xrdef{Bash Startup Files-snt}{Section@tie 6.2} -@xrdef{Bash Startup Files-pg}{87} +@xrdef{Bash Startup Files-pg}{88} @xrdef{Interactive Shells-title}{Interactive Shells} @xrdef{Interactive Shells-snt}{Section@tie 6.3} @xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-title}{What is an Interactive Shell?} @xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-snt}{Section@tie 6.3.1} -@xrdef{Interactive Shells-pg}{88} +@xrdef{Interactive Shells-pg}{89} @xrdef{Is this Shell Interactive?-title}{Is this Shell Interactive?} @xrdef{Is this Shell Interactive?-snt}{Section@tie 6.3.2} @xrdef{Interactive Shell Behavior-title}{Interactive Shell Behavior} @xrdef{Interactive Shell Behavior-snt}{Section@tie 6.3.3} -@xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-pg}{89} -@xrdef{Is this Shell Interactive?-pg}{89} -@xrdef{Interactive Shell Behavior-pg}{89} +@xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-pg}{90} +@xrdef{Is this Shell Interactive?-pg}{90} +@xrdef{Interactive Shell Behavior-pg}{90} @xrdef{Bash Conditional Expressions-title}{Bash Conditional Expressions} @xrdef{Bash Conditional Expressions-snt}{Section@tie 6.4} -@xrdef{Bash Conditional Expressions-pg}{90} +@xrdef{Bash Conditional Expressions-pg}{91} @xrdef{Shell Arithmetic-title}{Shell Arithmetic} @xrdef{Shell Arithmetic-snt}{Section@tie 6.5} -@xrdef{Shell Arithmetic-pg}{92} +@xrdef{Shell Arithmetic-pg}{93} @xrdef{Aliases-title}{Aliases} @xrdef{Aliases-snt}{Section@tie 6.6} -@xrdef{Aliases-pg}{93} +@xrdef{Aliases-pg}{94} @xrdef{Arrays-title}{Arrays} @xrdef{Arrays-snt}{Section@tie 6.7} -@xrdef{Arrays-pg}{94} +@xrdef{Arrays-pg}{95} @xrdef{The Directory Stack-title}{The Directory Stack} @xrdef{The Directory Stack-snt}{Section@tie 6.8} @xrdef{Directory Stack Builtins-title}{Directory Stack Builtins} @xrdef{Directory Stack Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 6.8.1} -@xrdef{The Directory Stack-pg}{96} -@xrdef{Directory Stack Builtins-pg}{96} +@xrdef{The Directory Stack-pg}{97} +@xrdef{Directory Stack Builtins-pg}{97} @xrdef{Controlling the Prompt-title}{Controlling the Prompt} @xrdef{Controlling the Prompt-snt}{Section@tie 6.9} -@xrdef{Controlling the Prompt-pg}{97} +@xrdef{Controlling the Prompt-pg}{98} @xrdef{The Restricted Shell-title}{The Restricted Shell} @xrdef{The Restricted Shell-snt}{Section@tie 6.10} @xrdef{Bash POSIX Mode-title}{Bash POSIX Mode} @xrdef{Bash POSIX Mode-snt}{Section@tie 6.11} -@xrdef{The Restricted Shell-pg}{99} -@xrdef{Bash POSIX Mode-pg}{99} +@xrdef{The Restricted Shell-pg}{100} +@xrdef{Bash POSIX Mode-pg}{100} @xrdef{Job Control-title}{Job Control} @xrdef{Job Control-snt}{Chapter@tie 7} @xrdef{Job Control Basics-title}{Job Control Basics} @xrdef{Job Control Basics-snt}{Section@tie 7.1} -@xrdef{Job Control-pg}{104} -@xrdef{Job Control Basics-pg}{104} +@xrdef{Job Control-pg}{105} +@xrdef{Job Control Basics-pg}{105} @xrdef{Job Control Builtins-title}{Job Control Builtins} @xrdef{Job Control Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 7.2} -@xrdef{Job Control Builtins-pg}{105} +@xrdef{Job Control Builtins-pg}{106} @xrdef{Job Control Variables-title}{Job Control Variables} @xrdef{Job Control Variables-snt}{Section@tie 7.3} -@xrdef{Job Control Variables-pg}{107} +@xrdef{Job Control Variables-pg}{108} @xrdef{Command Line Editing-title}{Command Line Editing} @xrdef{Command Line Editing-snt}{Chapter@tie 8} @xrdef{Introduction and Notation-title}{Introduction to Line Editing} @@ -240,109 +240,109 @@ @xrdef{Readline Interaction-snt}{Section@tie 8.2} @xrdef{Readline Bare Essentials-title}{Readline Bare Essentials} @xrdef{Readline Bare Essentials-snt}{Section@tie 8.2.1} -@xrdef{Command Line Editing-pg}{108} -@xrdef{Introduction and Notation-pg}{108} -@xrdef{Readline Interaction-pg}{108} +@xrdef{Command Line Editing-pg}{109} +@xrdef{Introduction and Notation-pg}{109} +@xrdef{Readline Interaction-pg}{109} @xrdef{Readline Movement Commands-title}{Readline Movement Commands} @xrdef{Readline Movement Commands-snt}{Section@tie 8.2.2} @xrdef{Readline Killing Commands-title}{Readline Killing Commands} @xrdef{Readline Killing Commands-snt}{Section@tie 8.2.3} -@xrdef{Readline Bare Essentials-pg}{109} -@xrdef{Readline Movement Commands-pg}{109} +@xrdef{Readline Bare Essentials-pg}{110} +@xrdef{Readline Movement Commands-pg}{110} @xrdef{Readline Arguments-title}{Readline Arguments} @xrdef{Readline Arguments-snt}{Section@tie 8.2.4} @xrdef{Searching-title}{Searching for Commands in the History} @xrdef{Searching-snt}{Section@tie 8.2.5} -@xrdef{Readline Killing Commands-pg}{110} -@xrdef{Readline Arguments-pg}{110} -@xrdef{Searching-pg}{110} +@xrdef{Readline Killing Commands-pg}{111} +@xrdef{Readline Arguments-pg}{111} +@xrdef{Searching-pg}{111} @xrdef{Readline Init File-title}{Readline Init File} @xrdef{Readline Init File-snt}{Section@tie 8.3} @xrdef{Readline Init File Syntax-title}{Readline Init File Syntax} @xrdef{Readline Init File Syntax-snt}{Section@tie 8.3.1} -@xrdef{Readline Init File-pg}{111} -@xrdef{Readline Init File Syntax-pg}{111} +@xrdef{Readline Init File-pg}{112} +@xrdef{Readline Init File Syntax-pg}{112} @xrdef{Conditional Init Constructs-title}{Conditional Init Constructs} @xrdef{Conditional Init Constructs-snt}{Section@tie 8.3.2} -@xrdef{Conditional Init Constructs-pg}{119} +@xrdef{Conditional Init Constructs-pg}{120} @xrdef{Sample Init File-title}{Sample Init File} @xrdef{Sample Init File-snt}{Section@tie 8.3.3} -@xrdef{Sample Init File-pg}{121} +@xrdef{Sample Init File-pg}{122} @xrdef{Bindable Readline Commands-title}{Bindable Readline Commands} @xrdef{Bindable Readline Commands-snt}{Section@tie 8.4} @xrdef{Commands For Moving-title}{Commands For Moving} @xrdef{Commands For Moving-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.1} -@xrdef{Bindable Readline Commands-pg}{124} -@xrdef{Commands For Moving-pg}{124} +@xrdef{Bindable Readline Commands-pg}{125} +@xrdef{Commands For Moving-pg}{125} @xrdef{Commands For History-title}{Commands For Manipulating The History} @xrdef{Commands For History-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.2} -@xrdef{Commands For History-pg}{125} +@xrdef{Commands For History-pg}{126} @xrdef{Commands For Text-title}{Commands For Changing Text} @xrdef{Commands For Text-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.3} -@xrdef{Commands For Text-pg}{126} +@xrdef{Commands For Text-pg}{127} @xrdef{Commands For Killing-title}{Killing And Yanking} @xrdef{Commands For Killing-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.4} -@xrdef{Commands For Killing-pg}{128} +@xrdef{Commands For Killing-pg}{129} @xrdef{Numeric Arguments-title}{Specifying Numeric Arguments} @xrdef{Numeric Arguments-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.5} @xrdef{Commands For Completion-title}{Letting Readline Type For You} @xrdef{Commands For Completion-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.6} -@xrdef{Numeric Arguments-pg}{129} -@xrdef{Commands For Completion-pg}{129} +@xrdef{Numeric Arguments-pg}{130} +@xrdef{Commands For Completion-pg}{130} @xrdef{Keyboard Macros-title}{Keyboard Macros} @xrdef{Keyboard Macros-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.7} @xrdef{Miscellaneous Commands-title}{Some Miscellaneous Commands} @xrdef{Miscellaneous Commands-snt}{Section@tie 8.4.8} -@xrdef{Keyboard Macros-pg}{131} -@xrdef{Miscellaneous Commands-pg}{131} +@xrdef{Keyboard Macros-pg}{132} +@xrdef{Miscellaneous Commands-pg}{132} @xrdef{Readline vi Mode-title}{Readline vi Mode} @xrdef{Readline vi Mode-snt}{Section@tie 8.5} -@xrdef{Readline vi Mode-pg}{133} @xrdef{Programmable Completion-title}{Programmable Completion} @xrdef{Programmable Completion-snt}{Section@tie 8.6} -@xrdef{Programmable Completion-pg}{134} +@xrdef{Readline vi Mode-pg}{135} +@xrdef{Programmable Completion-pg}{135} @xrdef{Programmable Completion Builtins-title}{Programmable Completion Builtins} @xrdef{Programmable Completion Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 8.7} -@xrdef{Programmable Completion Builtins-pg}{136} +@xrdef{Programmable Completion Builtins-pg}{137} @xrdef{A Programmable Completion Example-title}{A Programmable Completion Example} @xrdef{A Programmable Completion Example-snt}{Section@tie 8.8} -@xrdef{A Programmable Completion Example-pg}{140} +@xrdef{A Programmable Completion Example-pg}{141} @xrdef{Using History Interactively-title}{Using History Interactively} @xrdef{Using History Interactively-snt}{Chapter@tie 9} @xrdef{Bash History Facilities-title}{Bash History Facilities} @xrdef{Bash History Facilities-snt}{Section@tie 9.1} @xrdef{Bash History Builtins-title}{Bash History Builtins} @xrdef{Bash History Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 9.2} -@xrdef{Using History Interactively-pg}{143} -@xrdef{Bash History Facilities-pg}{143} -@xrdef{Bash History Builtins-pg}{143} +@xrdef{Using History Interactively-pg}{144} +@xrdef{Bash History Facilities-pg}{144} +@xrdef{Bash History Builtins-pg}{144} @xrdef{History Interaction-title}{History Expansion} @xrdef{History Interaction-snt}{Section@tie 9.3} -@xrdef{History Interaction-pg}{145} +@xrdef{History Interaction-pg}{146} @xrdef{Event Designators-title}{Event Designators} @xrdef{Event Designators-snt}{Section@tie 9.3.1} @xrdef{Word Designators-title}{Word Designators} @xrdef{Word Designators-snt}{Section@tie 9.3.2} -@xrdef{Event Designators-pg}{146} -@xrdef{Word Designators-pg}{146} +@xrdef{Event Designators-pg}{147} +@xrdef{Word Designators-pg}{147} @xrdef{Modifiers-title}{Modifiers} @xrdef{Modifiers-snt}{Section@tie 9.3.3} -@xrdef{Modifiers-pg}{147} +@xrdef{Modifiers-pg}{148} @xrdef{Installing Bash-title}{Installing Bash} @xrdef{Installing Bash-snt}{Chapter@tie 10} @xrdef{Basic Installation-title}{Basic Installation} @xrdef{Basic Installation-snt}{Section@tie 10.1} -@xrdef{Installing Bash-pg}{149} -@xrdef{Basic Installation-pg}{149} +@xrdef{Installing Bash-pg}{150} +@xrdef{Basic Installation-pg}{150} @xrdef{Compilers and Options-title}{Compilers and Options} @xrdef{Compilers and Options-snt}{Section@tie 10.2} @xrdef{Compiling For Multiple Architectures-title}{Compiling For Multiple Architectures} @xrdef{Compiling For Multiple Architectures-snt}{Section@tie 10.3} @xrdef{Installation Names-title}{Installation Names} @xrdef{Installation Names-snt}{Section@tie 10.4} -@xrdef{Compilers and Options-pg}{150} -@xrdef{Compiling For Multiple Architectures-pg}{150} -@xrdef{Installation Names-pg}{150} +@xrdef{Compilers and Options-pg}{151} +@xrdef{Compiling For Multiple Architectures-pg}{151} +@xrdef{Installation Names-pg}{151} @xrdef{Specifying the System Type-title}{Specifying the System Type} @xrdef{Specifying the System Type-snt}{Section@tie 10.5} @xrdef{Sharing Defaults-title}{Sharing Defaults} @@ -351,34 +351,34 @@ @xrdef{Operation Controls-snt}{Section@tie 10.7} @xrdef{Optional Features-title}{Optional Features} @xrdef{Optional Features-snt}{Section@tie 10.8} -@xrdef{Specifying the System Type-pg}{151} -@xrdef{Sharing Defaults-pg}{151} -@xrdef{Operation Controls-pg}{151} -@xrdef{Optional Features-pg}{152} +@xrdef{Specifying the System Type-pg}{152} +@xrdef{Sharing Defaults-pg}{152} +@xrdef{Operation Controls-pg}{152} +@xrdef{Optional Features-pg}{153} @xrdef{Reporting Bugs-title}{Reporting Bugs} @xrdef{Reporting Bugs-snt}{Appendix@tie @char65{}} -@xrdef{Reporting Bugs-pg}{157} +@xrdef{Reporting Bugs-pg}{158} @xrdef{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell-title}{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell} @xrdef{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell-snt}{Appendix@tie @char66{}} -@xrdef{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell-pg}{158} +@xrdef{Major Differences From The Bourne Shell-pg}{159} @xrdef{GNU Free Documentation License-title}{GNU Free Documentation License} @xrdef{GNU Free Documentation License-snt}{Appendix@tie @char67{}} -@xrdef{GNU Free Documentation License-pg}{164} +@xrdef{GNU Free Documentation License-pg}{165} @xrdef{Indexes-title}{Indexes} @xrdef{Indexes-snt}{Appendix@tie @char68{}} @xrdef{Builtin Index-title}{Index of Shell Builtin Commands} @xrdef{Builtin Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.1} -@xrdef{Indexes-pg}{172} -@xrdef{Builtin Index-pg}{172} +@xrdef{Indexes-pg}{173} +@xrdef{Builtin Index-pg}{173} @xrdef{Reserved Word Index-title}{Index of Shell Reserved Words} @xrdef{Reserved Word Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.2} @xrdef{Variable Index-title}{Parameter and Variable Index} @xrdef{Variable Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.3} -@xrdef{Reserved Word Index-pg}{173} -@xrdef{Variable Index-pg}{174} +@xrdef{Reserved Word Index-pg}{174} +@xrdef{Variable Index-pg}{175} @xrdef{Function Index-title}{Function Index} @xrdef{Function Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.4} -@xrdef{Function Index-pg}{176} +@xrdef{Function Index-pg}{177} @xrdef{Concept Index-title}{Concept Index} @xrdef{Concept Index-snt}{Section@tie @char68.5} -@xrdef{Concept Index-pg}{178} +@xrdef{Concept Index-pg}{179} diff --git a/doc/bashref.bt b/doc/bashref.bt index 4304653f..725ea2c2 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.bt +++ b/doc/bashref.bt @@ -1,59 +1,59 @@ -\entry{:}{43}{\code {:}} -\entry{.}{43}{\code {.}} -\entry{break}{44}{\code {break}} -\entry{cd}{44}{\code {cd}} -\entry{continue}{44}{\code {continue}} -\entry{eval}{44}{\code {eval}} -\entry{exec}{45}{\code {exec}} -\entry{exit}{45}{\code {exit}} -\entry{export}{45}{\code {export}} -\entry{getopts}{45}{\code {getopts}} -\entry{hash}{46}{\code {hash}} -\entry{pwd}{46}{\code {pwd}} -\entry{readonly}{46}{\code {readonly}} -\entry{return}{47}{\code {return}} -\entry{shift}{47}{\code {shift}} -\entry{test}{47}{\code {test}} -\entry{[}{47}{\code {[}} -\entry{times}{49}{\code {times}} -\entry{trap}{49}{\code {trap}} -\entry{umask}{50}{\code {umask}} -\entry{unset}{50}{\code {unset}} -\entry{alias}{50}{\code {alias}} -\entry{bind}{50}{\code {bind}} -\entry{builtin}{52}{\code {builtin}} -\entry{caller}{52}{\code {caller}} -\entry{command}{52}{\code {command}} -\entry{declare}{52}{\code {declare}} -\entry{echo}{54}{\code {echo}} -\entry{enable}{55}{\code {enable}} -\entry{help}{55}{\code {help}} -\entry{let}{55}{\code {let}} -\entry{local}{55}{\code {local}} -\entry{logout}{56}{\code {logout}} -\entry{mapfile}{56}{\code {mapfile}} -\entry{printf}{56}{\code {printf}} -\entry{read}{57}{\code {read}} -\entry{readarray}{59}{\code {readarray}} -\entry{source}{59}{\code {source}} -\entry{type}{59}{\code {type}} -\entry{typeset}{59}{\code {typeset}} -\entry{ulimit}{59}{\code {ulimit}} -\entry{unalias}{61}{\code {unalias}} -\entry{set}{61}{\code {set}} -\entry{shopt}{65}{\code {shopt}} -\entry{dirs}{96}{\code {dirs}} -\entry{popd}{96}{\code {popd}} -\entry{pushd}{97}{\code {pushd}} -\entry{bg}{105}{\code {bg}} -\entry{fg}{105}{\code {fg}} -\entry{jobs}{105}{\code {jobs}} -\entry{kill}{106}{\code {kill}} -\entry{wait}{106}{\code {wait}} -\entry{disown}{106}{\code {disown}} -\entry{suspend}{107}{\code {suspend}} -\entry{compgen}{136}{\code {compgen}} -\entry{complete}{136}{\code {complete}} -\entry{compopt}{139}{\code {compopt}} -\entry{fc}{144}{\code {fc}} -\entry{history}{144}{\code {history}} +\entry{:}{44}{\code {:}} +\entry{.}{44}{\code {.}} +\entry{break}{45}{\code {break}} +\entry{cd}{45}{\code {cd}} +\entry{continue}{45}{\code {continue}} +\entry{eval}{45}{\code {eval}} +\entry{exec}{46}{\code {exec}} +\entry{exit}{46}{\code {exit}} +\entry{export}{46}{\code {export}} +\entry{getopts}{46}{\code {getopts}} +\entry{hash}{47}{\code {hash}} +\entry{pwd}{47}{\code {pwd}} +\entry{readonly}{47}{\code {readonly}} +\entry{return}{48}{\code {return}} +\entry{shift}{48}{\code {shift}} +\entry{test}{48}{\code {test}} +\entry{[}{48}{\code {[}} +\entry{times}{50}{\code {times}} +\entry{trap}{50}{\code {trap}} +\entry{umask}{51}{\code {umask}} +\entry{unset}{51}{\code {unset}} +\entry{alias}{51}{\code {alias}} +\entry{bind}{51}{\code {bind}} +\entry{builtin}{53}{\code {builtin}} +\entry{caller}{53}{\code {caller}} +\entry{command}{53}{\code {command}} +\entry{declare}{53}{\code {declare}} +\entry{echo}{55}{\code {echo}} +\entry{enable}{56}{\code {enable}} +\entry{help}{56}{\code {help}} +\entry{let}{56}{\code {let}} +\entry{local}{56}{\code {local}} +\entry{logout}{57}{\code {logout}} +\entry{mapfile}{57}{\code {mapfile}} +\entry{printf}{57}{\code {printf}} +\entry{read}{58}{\code {read}} +\entry{readarray}{60}{\code {readarray}} +\entry{source}{60}{\code {source}} +\entry{type}{60}{\code {type}} +\entry{typeset}{60}{\code {typeset}} +\entry{ulimit}{60}{\code {ulimit}} +\entry{unalias}{62}{\code {unalias}} +\entry{set}{62}{\code {set}} +\entry{shopt}{66}{\code {shopt}} +\entry{dirs}{97}{\code {dirs}} +\entry{popd}{97}{\code {popd}} +\entry{pushd}{98}{\code {pushd}} +\entry{bg}{106}{\code {bg}} +\entry{fg}{106}{\code {fg}} +\entry{jobs}{106}{\code {jobs}} +\entry{kill}{107}{\code {kill}} +\entry{wait}{107}{\code {wait}} +\entry{disown}{107}{\code {disown}} +\entry{suspend}{108}{\code {suspend}} +\entry{compgen}{137}{\code {compgen}} +\entry{complete}{137}{\code {complete}} +\entry{compopt}{141}{\code {compopt}} +\entry{fc}{145}{\code {fc}} +\entry{history}{145}{\code {history}} diff --git a/doc/bashref.bts b/doc/bashref.bts index 5b4b4534..f239a8de 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.bts +++ b/doc/bashref.bts @@ -1,80 +1,80 @@ \initial {.} -\entry {\code {.}}{43} +\entry {\code {.}}{44} \initial {:} -\entry {\code {:}}{43} +\entry {\code {:}}{44} \initial {[} -\entry {\code {[}}{47} +\entry {\code {[}}{48} \initial {A} -\entry {\code {alias}}{50} +\entry {\code {alias}}{51} \initial {B} -\entry {\code {bg}}{105} -\entry {\code {bind}}{50} -\entry {\code {break}}{44} -\entry {\code {builtin}}{52} +\entry {\code {bg}}{106} +\entry {\code {bind}}{51} +\entry {\code {break}}{45} +\entry {\code {builtin}}{53} \initial {C} -\entry {\code {caller}}{52} -\entry {\code {cd}}{44} -\entry {\code {command}}{52} -\entry {\code {compgen}}{136} -\entry {\code {complete}}{136} -\entry {\code {compopt}}{139} -\entry {\code {continue}}{44} +\entry {\code {caller}}{53} +\entry {\code {cd}}{45} +\entry {\code {command}}{53} +\entry {\code {compgen}}{137} +\entry {\code {complete}}{137} +\entry {\code {compopt}}{141} +\entry {\code {continue}}{45} \initial {D} -\entry {\code {declare}}{52} -\entry {\code {dirs}}{96} -\entry {\code {disown}}{106} +\entry {\code {declare}}{53} +\entry {\code {dirs}}{97} +\entry {\code {disown}}{107} \initial {E} -\entry {\code {echo}}{54} -\entry {\code {enable}}{55} -\entry {\code {eval}}{44} -\entry {\code {exec}}{45} -\entry {\code {exit}}{45} -\entry {\code {export}}{45} +\entry {\code {echo}}{55} +\entry {\code {enable}}{56} +\entry {\code {eval}}{45} +\entry {\code {exec}}{46} +\entry {\code {exit}}{46} +\entry {\code {export}}{46} \initial {F} -\entry {\code {fc}}{144} -\entry {\code {fg}}{105} +\entry {\code {fc}}{145} +\entry {\code {fg}}{106} \initial {G} -\entry {\code {getopts}}{45} +\entry {\code {getopts}}{46} \initial {H} -\entry {\code {hash}}{46} -\entry {\code {help}}{55} -\entry {\code {history}}{144} +\entry {\code {hash}}{47} +\entry {\code {help}}{56} +\entry {\code {history}}{145} \initial {J} -\entry {\code {jobs}}{105} +\entry {\code {jobs}}{106} \initial {K} -\entry {\code {kill}}{106} +\entry {\code {kill}}{107} \initial {L} -\entry {\code {let}}{55} -\entry {\code {local}}{55} -\entry {\code {logout}}{56} +\entry {\code {let}}{56} +\entry {\code {local}}{56} +\entry {\code {logout}}{57} \initial {M} -\entry {\code {mapfile}}{56} +\entry {\code {mapfile}}{57} \initial {P} -\entry {\code {popd}}{96} -\entry {\code {printf}}{56} -\entry {\code {pushd}}{97} -\entry {\code {pwd}}{46} +\entry {\code {popd}}{97} +\entry {\code {printf}}{57} +\entry {\code {pushd}}{98} +\entry {\code {pwd}}{47} \initial {R} -\entry {\code {read}}{57} -\entry {\code {readarray}}{59} -\entry {\code {readonly}}{46} -\entry {\code {return}}{47} +\entry {\code {read}}{58} +\entry {\code {readarray}}{60} +\entry {\code {readonly}}{47} +\entry {\code {return}}{48} \initial {S} -\entry {\code {set}}{61} -\entry {\code {shift}}{47} -\entry {\code {shopt}}{65} -\entry {\code {source}}{59} -\entry {\code {suspend}}{107} +\entry {\code {set}}{62} +\entry {\code {shift}}{48} +\entry {\code {shopt}}{66} +\entry {\code {source}}{60} +\entry {\code {suspend}}{108} \initial {T} -\entry {\code {test}}{47} -\entry {\code {times}}{49} -\entry {\code {trap}}{49} -\entry {\code {type}}{59} -\entry {\code {typeset}}{59} +\entry {\code {test}}{48} +\entry {\code {times}}{50} +\entry {\code {trap}}{50} +\entry {\code {type}}{60} +\entry {\code {typeset}}{60} \initial {U} -\entry {\code {ulimit}}{59} -\entry {\code {umask}}{50} -\entry {\code {unalias}}{61} -\entry {\code {unset}}{50} +\entry {\code {ulimit}}{60} +\entry {\code {umask}}{51} +\entry {\code {unalias}}{62} +\entry {\code {unset}}{51} \initial {W} -\entry {\code {wait}}{106} +\entry {\code {wait}}{107} diff --git a/doc/bashref.cp b/doc/bashref.cp index a2d23dd9..768b26e4 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.cp +++ b/doc/bashref.cp @@ -71,48 +71,48 @@ \entry{exit status}{41}{exit status} \entry{signal handling}{41}{signal handling} \entry{shell script}{42}{shell script} -\entry{special builtin}{71}{special builtin} -\entry{login shell}{87}{login shell} -\entry{interactive shell}{87}{interactive shell} -\entry{startup files}{87}{startup files} +\entry{special builtin}{72}{special builtin} +\entry{login shell}{88}{login shell} \entry{interactive shell}{88}{interactive shell} -\entry{shell, interactive}{88}{shell, interactive} -\entry{expressions, conditional}{90}{expressions, conditional} -\entry{arithmetic, shell}{92}{arithmetic, shell} -\entry{shell arithmetic}{92}{shell arithmetic} -\entry{expressions, arithmetic}{92}{expressions, arithmetic} -\entry{evaluation, arithmetic}{92}{evaluation, arithmetic} -\entry{arithmetic evaluation}{92}{arithmetic evaluation} -\entry{alias expansion}{93}{alias expansion} -\entry{arrays}{94}{arrays} -\entry{directory stack}{96}{directory stack} -\entry{prompting}{97}{prompting} -\entry{restricted shell}{99}{restricted shell} -\entry{POSIX Mode}{99}{POSIX Mode} -\entry{job control}{104}{job control} -\entry{foreground}{104}{foreground} -\entry{background}{104}{background} -\entry{suspending jobs}{104}{suspending jobs} -\entry{Readline, how to use}{107}{Readline, how to use} -\entry{interaction, readline}{108}{interaction, readline} -\entry{notation, readline}{109}{notation, readline} -\entry{command editing}{109}{command editing} -\entry{editing command lines}{109}{editing command lines} -\entry{killing text}{110}{killing text} -\entry{yanking text}{110}{yanking text} -\entry{kill ring}{110}{kill ring} -\entry{initialization file, readline}{111}{initialization file, readline} -\entry{variables, readline}{112}{variables, readline} -\entry{programmable completion}{134}{programmable completion} -\entry{completion builtins}{136}{completion builtins} -\entry{History, how to use}{142}{History, how to use} -\entry{command history}{143}{command history} -\entry{history list}{143}{history list} -\entry{history builtins}{143}{history builtins} -\entry{history expansion}{145}{history expansion} -\entry{event designators}{146}{event designators} -\entry{history events}{146}{history events} -\entry{installation}{149}{installation} -\entry{configuration}{149}{configuration} -\entry{Bash installation}{149}{Bash installation} -\entry{Bash configuration}{149}{Bash configuration} +\entry{startup files}{88}{startup files} +\entry{interactive shell}{89}{interactive shell} +\entry{shell, interactive}{89}{shell, interactive} +\entry{expressions, conditional}{91}{expressions, conditional} +\entry{arithmetic, shell}{93}{arithmetic, shell} +\entry{shell arithmetic}{93}{shell arithmetic} +\entry{expressions, arithmetic}{93}{expressions, arithmetic} +\entry{evaluation, arithmetic}{93}{evaluation, arithmetic} +\entry{arithmetic evaluation}{93}{arithmetic evaluation} +\entry{alias expansion}{94}{alias expansion} +\entry{arrays}{95}{arrays} +\entry{directory stack}{97}{directory stack} +\entry{prompting}{98}{prompting} +\entry{restricted shell}{100}{restricted shell} +\entry{POSIX Mode}{100}{POSIX Mode} +\entry{job control}{105}{job control} +\entry{foreground}{105}{foreground} +\entry{background}{105}{background} +\entry{suspending jobs}{105}{suspending jobs} +\entry{Readline, how to use}{108}{Readline, how to use} +\entry{interaction, readline}{109}{interaction, readline} +\entry{notation, readline}{110}{notation, readline} +\entry{command editing}{110}{command editing} +\entry{editing command lines}{110}{editing command lines} +\entry{killing text}{111}{killing text} +\entry{yanking text}{111}{yanking text} +\entry{kill ring}{111}{kill ring} +\entry{initialization file, readline}{112}{initialization file, readline} +\entry{variables, readline}{113}{variables, readline} +\entry{programmable completion}{135}{programmable completion} +\entry{completion builtins}{137}{completion builtins} +\entry{History, how to use}{143}{History, how to use} +\entry{command history}{144}{command history} +\entry{history list}{144}{history list} +\entry{history builtins}{144}{history builtins} +\entry{history expansion}{146}{history expansion} +\entry{event designators}{147}{event designators} +\entry{history events}{147}{history events} +\entry{installation}{150}{installation} +\entry{configuration}{150}{configuration} +\entry{Bash installation}{150}{Bash installation} +\entry{Bash configuration}{150}{Bash configuration} diff --git a/doc/bashref.cps b/doc/bashref.cps index 226da444..a4cb61a9 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.cps +++ b/doc/bashref.cps @@ -1,21 +1,21 @@ \initial {A} -\entry {alias expansion}{93} -\entry {arithmetic evaluation}{92} +\entry {alias expansion}{94} +\entry {arithmetic evaluation}{93} \entry {arithmetic expansion}{31} -\entry {arithmetic, shell}{92} -\entry {arrays}{94} +\entry {arithmetic, shell}{93} +\entry {arrays}{95} \initial {B} -\entry {background}{104} -\entry {Bash configuration}{149} -\entry {Bash installation}{149} +\entry {background}{105} +\entry {Bash configuration}{150} +\entry {Bash installation}{150} \entry {Bourne shell}{5} \entry {brace expansion}{23} \entry {builtin}{3} \initial {C} -\entry {command editing}{109} +\entry {command editing}{110} \entry {command execution}{39} \entry {command expansion}{38} -\entry {command history}{143} +\entry {command history}{144} \entry {command search}{39} \entry {command substitution}{31} \entry {command timing}{8} @@ -28,17 +28,17 @@ \entry {commands, shell}{8} \entry {commands, simple}{8} \entry {comments, shell}{7} -\entry {completion builtins}{136} -\entry {configuration}{149} +\entry {completion builtins}{137} +\entry {configuration}{150} \entry {control operator}{3} \entry {coprocess}{15} \initial {D} -\entry {directory stack}{96} +\entry {directory stack}{97} \initial {E} -\entry {editing command lines}{109} +\entry {editing command lines}{110} \entry {environment}{40} -\entry {evaluation, arithmetic}{92} -\entry {event designators}{146} +\entry {evaluation, arithmetic}{93} +\entry {event designators}{147} \entry {execution environment}{39} \entry {exit status}{3, 41} \entry {expansion}{22} @@ -48,43 +48,43 @@ \entry {expansion, parameter}{24} \entry {expansion, pathname}{32} \entry {expansion, tilde}{24} -\entry {expressions, arithmetic}{92} -\entry {expressions, conditional}{90} +\entry {expressions, arithmetic}{93} +\entry {expressions, conditional}{91} \initial {F} \entry {field}{3} \entry {filename}{3} \entry {filename expansion}{32} -\entry {foreground}{104} +\entry {foreground}{105} \entry {functions, shell}{17} \initial {H} -\entry {history builtins}{143} -\entry {history events}{146} -\entry {history expansion}{145} -\entry {history list}{143} -\entry {History, how to use}{142} +\entry {history builtins}{144} +\entry {history events}{147} +\entry {history expansion}{146} +\entry {history list}{144} +\entry {History, how to use}{143} \initial {I} \entry {identifier}{3} -\entry {initialization file, readline}{111} -\entry {installation}{149} -\entry {interaction, readline}{108} -\entry {interactive shell}{87, 88} +\entry {initialization file, readline}{112} +\entry {installation}{150} +\entry {interaction, readline}{109} +\entry {interactive shell}{88, 89} \entry {internationalization}{7} \initial {J} \entry {job}{3} -\entry {job control}{3, 104} +\entry {job control}{3, 105} \initial {K} -\entry {kill ring}{110} -\entry {killing text}{110} +\entry {kill ring}{111} +\entry {killing text}{111} \initial {L} \entry {localization}{7} -\entry {login shell}{87} +\entry {login shell}{88} \initial {M} \entry {matching, pattern}{33} \entry {metacharacter}{3} \initial {N} \entry {name}{3} \entry {native languages}{7} -\entry {notation, readline}{109} +\entry {notation, readline}{110} \initial {O} \entry {operator, shell}{3} \initial {P} @@ -96,41 +96,41 @@ \entry {pattern matching}{33} \entry {pipeline}{8} \entry {POSIX}{3} -\entry {POSIX Mode}{99} +\entry {POSIX Mode}{100} \entry {process group}{3} \entry {process group ID}{3} \entry {process substitution}{31} -\entry {programmable completion}{134} -\entry {prompting}{97} +\entry {programmable completion}{135} +\entry {prompting}{98} \initial {Q} \entry {quoting}{6} \entry {quoting, ANSI}{6} \initial {R} -\entry {Readline, how to use}{107} +\entry {Readline, how to use}{108} \entry {redirection}{34} \entry {reserved word}{3} -\entry {restricted shell}{99} +\entry {restricted shell}{100} \entry {return status}{4} \initial {S} -\entry {shell arithmetic}{92} +\entry {shell arithmetic}{93} \entry {shell function}{17} \entry {shell script}{42} \entry {shell variable}{20} -\entry {shell, interactive}{88} +\entry {shell, interactive}{89} \entry {signal}{4} \entry {signal handling}{41} -\entry {special builtin}{4, 71} -\entry {startup files}{87} -\entry {suspending jobs}{104} +\entry {special builtin}{4, 72} +\entry {startup files}{88} +\entry {suspending jobs}{105} \initial {T} \entry {tilde expansion}{24} \entry {token}{4} \entry {translation, native languages}{7} \initial {V} \entry {variable, shell}{20} -\entry {variables, readline}{112} +\entry {variables, readline}{113} \initial {W} \entry {word}{4} \entry {word splitting}{32} \initial {Y} -\entry {yanking text}{110} +\entry {yanking text}{111} diff --git a/doc/bashref.dvi b/doc/bashref.dvi index cbff87ec..2a26d2a1 100644 Binary files a/doc/bashref.dvi and b/doc/bashref.dvi differ diff --git a/doc/bashref.fn b/doc/bashref.fn index f7f9d8f3..d01b49be 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.fn +++ b/doc/bashref.fn @@ -1,110 +1,111 @@ -\entry{beginning-of-line (C-a)}{124}{\code {beginning-of-line (C-a)}} -\entry{end-of-line (C-e)}{124}{\code {end-of-line (C-e)}} -\entry{forward-char (C-f)}{124}{\code {forward-char (C-f)}} -\entry{backward-char (C-b)}{124}{\code {backward-char (C-b)}} -\entry{forward-word (M-f)}{124}{\code {forward-word (M-f)}} -\entry{backward-word (M-b)}{124}{\code {backward-word (M-b)}} -\entry{shell-forward-word ()}{124}{\code {shell-forward-word ()}} -\entry{shell-backward-word ()}{124}{\code {shell-backward-word ()}} -\entry{previous-screen-line ()}{124}{\code {previous-screen-line ()}} -\entry{next-screen-line ()}{125}{\code {next-screen-line ()}} -\entry{clear-screen (C-l)}{125}{\code {clear-screen (C-l)}} -\entry{redraw-current-line ()}{125}{\code {redraw-current-line ()}} -\entry{accept-line (Newline or Return)}{125}{\code {accept-line (Newline or Return)}} -\entry{previous-history (C-p)}{125}{\code {previous-history (C-p)}} -\entry{next-history (C-n)}{125}{\code {next-history (C-n)}} -\entry{beginning-of-history (M-<)}{125}{\code {beginning-of-history (M-<)}} -\entry{end-of-history (M->)}{125}{\code {end-of-history (M->)}} -\entry{reverse-search-history (C-r)}{125}{\code {reverse-search-history (C-r)}} -\entry{forward-search-history (C-s)}{125}{\code {forward-search-history (C-s)}} -\entry{non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)}{125}{\code {non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)}} -\entry{non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)}{125}{\code {non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)}} -\entry{history-search-forward ()}{125}{\code {history-search-forward ()}} -\entry{history-search-backward ()}{126}{\code {history-search-backward ()}} -\entry{history-substring-search-forward ()}{126}{\code {history-substring-search-forward ()}} -\entry{history-substring-search-backward ()}{126}{\code {history-substring-search-backward ()}} -\entry{yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)}{126}{\code {yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)}} -\entry{yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)}{126}{\code {yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)}} -\entry{end-of-file (usually C-d)}{126}{\code {\i {end-of-file} (usually C-d)}} -\entry{delete-char (C-d)}{126}{\code {delete-char (C-d)}} -\entry{backward-delete-char (Rubout)}{127}{\code {backward-delete-char (Rubout)}} -\entry{forward-backward-delete-char ()}{127}{\code {forward-backward-delete-char ()}} -\entry{quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)}{127}{\code {quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)}} -\entry{self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...{})}{127}{\code {self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, \dots {})}} -\entry{bracketed-paste-begin ()}{127}{\code {bracketed-paste-begin ()}} -\entry{transpose-chars (C-t)}{127}{\code {transpose-chars (C-t)}} -\entry{transpose-words (M-t)}{127}{\code {transpose-words (M-t)}} -\entry{upcase-word (M-u)}{127}{\code {upcase-word (M-u)}} -\entry{downcase-word (M-l)}{127}{\code {downcase-word (M-l)}} -\entry{capitalize-word (M-c)}{127}{\code {capitalize-word (M-c)}} -\entry{overwrite-mode ()}{127}{\code {overwrite-mode ()}} -\entry{kill-line (C-k)}{128}{\code {kill-line (C-k)}} -\entry{backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)}{128}{\code {backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)}} -\entry{unix-line-discard (C-u)}{128}{\code {unix-line-discard (C-u)}} -\entry{kill-whole-line ()}{128}{\code {kill-whole-line ()}} -\entry{kill-word (M-d)}{128}{\code {kill-word (M-d)}} -\entry{backward-kill-word (M-DEL)}{128}{\code {backward-kill-word (M-\key {DEL})}} -\entry{shell-kill-word ()}{128}{\code {shell-kill-word ()}} -\entry{shell-backward-kill-word ()}{128}{\code {shell-backward-kill-word ()}} -\entry{unix-word-rubout (C-w)}{128}{\code {unix-word-rubout (C-w)}} -\entry{unix-filename-rubout ()}{128}{\code {unix-filename-rubout ()}} -\entry{delete-horizontal-space ()}{128}{\code {delete-horizontal-space ()}} -\entry{kill-region ()}{128}{\code {kill-region ()}} -\entry{copy-region-as-kill ()}{128}{\code {copy-region-as-kill ()}} -\entry{copy-backward-word ()}{128}{\code {copy-backward-word ()}} -\entry{copy-forward-word ()}{129}{\code {copy-forward-word ()}} -\entry{yank (C-y)}{129}{\code {yank (C-y)}} -\entry{yank-pop (M-y)}{129}{\code {yank-pop (M-y)}} -\entry{digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ...{} M--)}{129}{\code {digit-argument (\kbd {M-0}, \kbd {M-1}, \dots {} \kbd {M--})}} -\entry{universal-argument ()}{129}{\code {universal-argument ()}} -\entry{complete (TAB)}{129}{\code {complete (\key {TAB})}} -\entry{possible-completions (M-?)}{129}{\code {possible-completions (M-?)}} -\entry{insert-completions (M-*)}{129}{\code {insert-completions (M-*)}} -\entry{menu-complete ()}{129}{\code {menu-complete ()}} -\entry{menu-complete-backward ()}{130}{\code {menu-complete-backward ()}} -\entry{delete-char-or-list ()}{130}{\code {delete-char-or-list ()}} -\entry{complete-filename (M-/)}{130}{\code {complete-filename (M-/)}} -\entry{possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}{130}{\code {possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}} -\entry{complete-username (M-~)}{130}{\code {complete-username (M-~)}} -\entry{possible-username-completions (C-x ~)}{130}{\code {possible-username-completions (C-x ~)}} -\entry{complete-variable (M-$)}{130}{\code {complete-variable (M-$)}} -\entry{possible-variable-completions (C-x $)}{130}{\code {possible-variable-completions (C-x $)}} -\entry{complete-hostname (M-@)}{130}{\code {complete-hostname (M-@)}} -\entry{possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}{130}{\code {possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}} -\entry{complete-command (M-!)}{130}{\code {complete-command (M-!)}} -\entry{possible-command-completions (C-x !)}{130}{\code {possible-command-completions (C-x !)}} -\entry{dynamic-complete-history (M-TAB)}{130}{\code {dynamic-complete-history (M-\key {TAB})}} -\entry{dabbrev-expand ()}{131}{\code {dabbrev-expand ()}} -\entry{complete-into-braces (M-{\indexlbrace })}{131}{\code {complete-into-braces (M-{\tt \char 123})}} -\entry{start-kbd-macro (C-x ()}{131}{\code {start-kbd-macro (C-x ()}} -\entry{end-kbd-macro (C-x ))}{131}{\code {end-kbd-macro (C-x ))}} -\entry{call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)}{131}{\code {call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)}} -\entry{print-last-kbd-macro ()}{131}{\code {print-last-kbd-macro ()}} -\entry{re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)}{131}{\code {re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)}} -\entry{abort (C-g)}{131}{\code {abort (C-g)}} -\entry{do-lowercase-version (M-A, M-B, M-x, ...{})}{131}{\code {do-lowercase-version (M-A, M-B, M-\var {x}, \dots {})}} -\entry{prefix-meta (ESC)}{131}{\code {prefix-meta (\key {ESC})}} -\entry{undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)}{131}{\code {undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)}} -\entry{revert-line (M-r)}{131}{\code {revert-line (M-r)}} -\entry{tilde-expand (M-&)}{131}{\code {tilde-expand (M-&)}} -\entry{set-mark (C-@)}{132}{\code {set-mark (C-@)}} -\entry{exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}{132}{\code {exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}} -\entry{character-search (C-])}{132}{\code {character-search (C-])}} -\entry{character-search-backward (M-C-])}{132}{\code {character-search-backward (M-C-])}} -\entry{skip-csi-sequence ()}{132}{\code {skip-csi-sequence ()}} -\entry{insert-comment (M-#)}{132}{\code {insert-comment (M-#)}} -\entry{dump-functions ()}{132}{\code {dump-functions ()}} -\entry{dump-variables ()}{132}{\code {dump-variables ()}} -\entry{dump-macros ()}{132}{\code {dump-macros ()}} -\entry{glob-complete-word (M-g)}{133}{\code {glob-complete-word (M-g)}} -\entry{glob-expand-word (C-x *)}{133}{\code {glob-expand-word (C-x *)}} -\entry{glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}{133}{\code {glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}} -\entry{display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}{133}{\code {display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}} -\entry{shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}{133}{\code {shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}} -\entry{history-expand-line (M-^)}{133}{\code {history-expand-line (M-^)}} -\entry{magic-space ()}{133}{\code {magic-space ()}} -\entry{alias-expand-line ()}{133}{\code {alias-expand-line ()}} -\entry{history-and-alias-expand-line ()}{133}{\code {history-and-alias-expand-line ()}} -\entry{insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)}{133}{\code {insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)}} -\entry{operate-and-get-next (C-o)}{133}{\code {operate-and-get-next (C-o)}} -\entry{edit-and-execute-command (C-x C-e)}{133}{\code {edit-and-execute-command (C-x C-e)}} +\entry{beginning-of-line (C-a)}{125}{\code {beginning-of-line (C-a)}} +\entry{end-of-line (C-e)}{125}{\code {end-of-line (C-e)}} +\entry{forward-char (C-f)}{125}{\code {forward-char (C-f)}} +\entry{backward-char (C-b)}{125}{\code {backward-char (C-b)}} +\entry{forward-word (M-f)}{125}{\code {forward-word (M-f)}} +\entry{backward-word (M-b)}{125}{\code {backward-word (M-b)}} +\entry{shell-forward-word (M-C-f)}{125}{\code {shell-forward-word (M-C-f)}} +\entry{shell-backward-word (M-C-b)}{125}{\code {shell-backward-word (M-C-b)}} +\entry{previous-screen-line ()}{125}{\code {previous-screen-line ()}} +\entry{next-screen-line ()}{126}{\code {next-screen-line ()}} +\entry{clear-screen (C-l)}{126}{\code {clear-screen (C-l)}} +\entry{redraw-current-line ()}{126}{\code {redraw-current-line ()}} +\entry{accept-line (Newline or Return)}{126}{\code {accept-line (Newline or Return)}} +\entry{previous-history (C-p)}{126}{\code {previous-history (C-p)}} +\entry{next-history (C-n)}{126}{\code {next-history (C-n)}} +\entry{beginning-of-history (M-<)}{126}{\code {beginning-of-history (M-<)}} +\entry{end-of-history (M->)}{126}{\code {end-of-history (M->)}} +\entry{reverse-search-history (C-r)}{126}{\code {reverse-search-history (C-r)}} +\entry{forward-search-history (C-s)}{126}{\code {forward-search-history (C-s)}} +\entry{non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)}{126}{\code {non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)}} +\entry{non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)}{126}{\code {non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)}} +\entry{history-search-forward ()}{126}{\code {history-search-forward ()}} +\entry{history-search-backward ()}{127}{\code {history-search-backward ()}} +\entry{history-substring-search-forward ()}{127}{\code {history-substring-search-forward ()}} +\entry{history-substring-search-backward ()}{127}{\code {history-substring-search-backward ()}} +\entry{yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)}{127}{\code {yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)}} +\entry{yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)}{127}{\code {yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)}} +\entry{end-of-file (usually C-d)}{127}{\code {\i {end-of-file} (usually C-d)}} +\entry{delete-char (C-d)}{127}{\code {delete-char (C-d)}} +\entry{backward-delete-char (Rubout)}{128}{\code {backward-delete-char (Rubout)}} +\entry{forward-backward-delete-char ()}{128}{\code {forward-backward-delete-char ()}} +\entry{quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)}{128}{\code {quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)}} +\entry{self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...{})}{128}{\code {self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, \dots {})}} +\entry{bracketed-paste-begin ()}{128}{\code {bracketed-paste-begin ()}} +\entry{transpose-chars (C-t)}{128}{\code {transpose-chars (C-t)}} +\entry{transpose-words (M-t)}{128}{\code {transpose-words (M-t)}} +\entry{upcase-word (M-u)}{128}{\code {upcase-word (M-u)}} +\entry{downcase-word (M-l)}{128}{\code {downcase-word (M-l)}} +\entry{capitalize-word (M-c)}{128}{\code {capitalize-word (M-c)}} +\entry{overwrite-mode ()}{128}{\code {overwrite-mode ()}} +\entry{kill-line (C-k)}{129}{\code {kill-line (C-k)}} +\entry{backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)}{129}{\code {backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)}} +\entry{unix-line-discard (C-u)}{129}{\code {unix-line-discard (C-u)}} +\entry{kill-whole-line ()}{129}{\code {kill-whole-line ()}} +\entry{kill-word (M-d)}{129}{\code {kill-word (M-d)}} +\entry{backward-kill-word (M-DEL)}{129}{\code {backward-kill-word (M-\key {DEL})}} +\entry{shell-kill-word (M-C-d)}{129}{\code {shell-kill-word (M-C-d)}} +\entry{shell-backward-kill-word ()}{129}{\code {shell-backward-kill-word ()}} +\entry{shell-transpose-words (M-C-t)}{129}{\code {shell-transpose-words (M-C-t)}} +\entry{unix-word-rubout (C-w)}{129}{\code {unix-word-rubout (C-w)}} +\entry{unix-filename-rubout ()}{129}{\code {unix-filename-rubout ()}} +\entry{delete-horizontal-space ()}{129}{\code {delete-horizontal-space ()}} +\entry{kill-region ()}{129}{\code {kill-region ()}} +\entry{copy-region-as-kill ()}{130}{\code {copy-region-as-kill ()}} +\entry{copy-backward-word ()}{130}{\code {copy-backward-word ()}} +\entry{copy-forward-word ()}{130}{\code {copy-forward-word ()}} +\entry{yank (C-y)}{130}{\code {yank (C-y)}} +\entry{yank-pop (M-y)}{130}{\code {yank-pop (M-y)}} +\entry{digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ...{} M--)}{130}{\code {digit-argument (\kbd {M-0}, \kbd {M-1}, \dots {} \kbd {M--})}} +\entry{universal-argument ()}{130}{\code {universal-argument ()}} +\entry{complete (TAB)}{130}{\code {complete (\key {TAB})}} +\entry{possible-completions (M-?)}{130}{\code {possible-completions (M-?)}} +\entry{insert-completions (M-*)}{131}{\code {insert-completions (M-*)}} +\entry{menu-complete ()}{131}{\code {menu-complete ()}} +\entry{menu-complete-backward ()}{131}{\code {menu-complete-backward ()}} +\entry{delete-char-or-list ()}{131}{\code {delete-char-or-list ()}} +\entry{complete-filename (M-/)}{131}{\code {complete-filename (M-/)}} +\entry{possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}{131}{\code {possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}} +\entry{complete-username (M-~)}{131}{\code {complete-username (M-~)}} +\entry{possible-username-completions (C-x ~)}{131}{\code {possible-username-completions (C-x ~)}} +\entry{complete-variable (M-$)}{131}{\code {complete-variable (M-$)}} +\entry{possible-variable-completions (C-x $)}{131}{\code {possible-variable-completions (C-x $)}} +\entry{complete-hostname (M-@)}{131}{\code {complete-hostname (M-@)}} +\entry{possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}{131}{\code {possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}} +\entry{complete-command (M-!)}{131}{\code {complete-command (M-!)}} +\entry{possible-command-completions (C-x !)}{132}{\code {possible-command-completions (C-x !)}} +\entry{dynamic-complete-history (M-TAB)}{132}{\code {dynamic-complete-history (M-\key {TAB})}} +\entry{dabbrev-expand ()}{132}{\code {dabbrev-expand ()}} +\entry{complete-into-braces (M-{\indexlbrace })}{132}{\code {complete-into-braces (M-{\tt \char 123})}} +\entry{start-kbd-macro (C-x ()}{132}{\code {start-kbd-macro (C-x ()}} +\entry{end-kbd-macro (C-x ))}{132}{\code {end-kbd-macro (C-x ))}} +\entry{call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)}{132}{\code {call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)}} +\entry{print-last-kbd-macro ()}{132}{\code {print-last-kbd-macro ()}} +\entry{re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)}{132}{\code {re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)}} +\entry{abort (C-g)}{132}{\code {abort (C-g)}} +\entry{do-lowercase-version (M-A, M-B, M-x, ...{})}{132}{\code {do-lowercase-version (M-A, M-B, M-\var {x}, \dots {})}} +\entry{prefix-meta (ESC)}{132}{\code {prefix-meta (\key {ESC})}} +\entry{undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)}{132}{\code {undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)}} +\entry{revert-line (M-r)}{133}{\code {revert-line (M-r)}} +\entry{tilde-expand (M-&)}{133}{\code {tilde-expand (M-&)}} +\entry{set-mark (C-@)}{133}{\code {set-mark (C-@)}} +\entry{exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}{133}{\code {exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}} +\entry{character-search (C-])}{133}{\code {character-search (C-])}} +\entry{character-search-backward (M-C-])}{133}{\code {character-search-backward (M-C-])}} +\entry{skip-csi-sequence ()}{133}{\code {skip-csi-sequence ()}} +\entry{insert-comment (M-#)}{133}{\code {insert-comment (M-#)}} +\entry{dump-functions ()}{133}{\code {dump-functions ()}} +\entry{dump-variables ()}{133}{\code {dump-variables ()}} +\entry{dump-macros ()}{134}{\code {dump-macros ()}} +\entry{glob-complete-word (M-g)}{134}{\code {glob-complete-word (M-g)}} +\entry{glob-expand-word (C-x *)}{134}{\code {glob-expand-word (C-x *)}} +\entry{glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}{134}{\code {glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}} +\entry{display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}{134}{\code {display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}} +\entry{shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}{134}{\code {shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}} +\entry{history-expand-line (M-^)}{134}{\code {history-expand-line (M-^)}} +\entry{magic-space ()}{134}{\code {magic-space ()}} +\entry{alias-expand-line ()}{134}{\code {alias-expand-line ()}} +\entry{history-and-alias-expand-line ()}{134}{\code {history-and-alias-expand-line ()}} +\entry{insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)}{134}{\code {insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)}} +\entry{operate-and-get-next (C-o)}{134}{\code {operate-and-get-next (C-o)}} +\entry{edit-and-execute-command (C-x C-e)}{134}{\code {edit-and-execute-command (C-x C-e)}} diff --git a/doc/bashref.fns b/doc/bashref.fns index d1d4b3a0..eed6c619 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.fns +++ b/doc/bashref.fns @@ -1,130 +1,131 @@ \initial {A} -\entry {\code {abort (C-g)}}{131} -\entry {\code {accept-line (Newline or Return)}}{125} -\entry {\code {alias-expand-line ()}}{133} +\entry {\code {abort (C-g)}}{132} +\entry {\code {accept-line (Newline or Return)}}{126} +\entry {\code {alias-expand-line ()}}{134} \initial {B} -\entry {\code {backward-char (C-b)}}{124} -\entry {\code {backward-delete-char (Rubout)}}{127} -\entry {\code {backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)}}{128} -\entry {\code {backward-kill-word (M-\key {DEL})}}{128} -\entry {\code {backward-word (M-b)}}{124} -\entry {\code {beginning-of-history (M-<)}}{125} -\entry {\code {beginning-of-line (C-a)}}{124} -\entry {\code {bracketed-paste-begin ()}}{127} +\entry {\code {backward-char (C-b)}}{125} +\entry {\code {backward-delete-char (Rubout)}}{128} +\entry {\code {backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)}}{129} +\entry {\code {backward-kill-word (M-\key {DEL})}}{129} +\entry {\code {backward-word (M-b)}}{125} +\entry {\code {beginning-of-history (M-<)}}{126} +\entry {\code {beginning-of-line (C-a)}}{125} +\entry {\code {bracketed-paste-begin ()}}{128} \initial {C} -\entry {\code {call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)}}{131} -\entry {\code {capitalize-word (M-c)}}{127} -\entry {\code {character-search (C-])}}{132} -\entry {\code {character-search-backward (M-C-])}}{132} -\entry {\code {clear-screen (C-l)}}{125} -\entry {\code {complete (\key {TAB})}}{129} -\entry {\code {complete-command (M-!)}}{130} -\entry {\code {complete-filename (M-/)}}{130} -\entry {\code {complete-hostname (M-@)}}{130} -\entry {\code {complete-into-braces (M-{\tt \char 123})}}{131} -\entry {\code {complete-username (M-~)}}{130} -\entry {\code {complete-variable (M-$)}}{130} -\entry {\code {copy-backward-word ()}}{128} -\entry {\code {copy-forward-word ()}}{129} -\entry {\code {copy-region-as-kill ()}}{128} +\entry {\code {call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)}}{132} +\entry {\code {capitalize-word (M-c)}}{128} +\entry {\code {character-search (C-])}}{133} +\entry {\code {character-search-backward (M-C-])}}{133} +\entry {\code {clear-screen (C-l)}}{126} +\entry {\code {complete (\key {TAB})}}{130} +\entry {\code {complete-command (M-!)}}{131} +\entry {\code {complete-filename (M-/)}}{131} +\entry {\code {complete-hostname (M-@)}}{131} +\entry {\code {complete-into-braces (M-{\tt \char 123})}}{132} +\entry {\code {complete-username (M-~)}}{131} +\entry {\code {complete-variable (M-$)}}{131} +\entry {\code {copy-backward-word ()}}{130} +\entry {\code {copy-forward-word ()}}{130} +\entry {\code {copy-region-as-kill ()}}{130} \initial {D} -\entry {\code {dabbrev-expand ()}}{131} -\entry {\code {delete-char (C-d)}}{126} -\entry {\code {delete-char-or-list ()}}{130} -\entry {\code {delete-horizontal-space ()}}{128} -\entry {\code {digit-argument (\kbd {M-0}, \kbd {M-1}, \dots {} \kbd {M--})}}{129} -\entry {\code {display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}}{133} -\entry {\code {do-lowercase-version (M-A, M-B, M-\var {x}, \dots {})}}{131} -\entry {\code {downcase-word (M-l)}}{127} -\entry {\code {dump-functions ()}}{132} -\entry {\code {dump-macros ()}}{132} -\entry {\code {dump-variables ()}}{132} -\entry {\code {dynamic-complete-history (M-\key {TAB})}}{130} +\entry {\code {dabbrev-expand ()}}{132} +\entry {\code {delete-char (C-d)}}{127} +\entry {\code {delete-char-or-list ()}}{131} +\entry {\code {delete-horizontal-space ()}}{129} +\entry {\code {digit-argument (\kbd {M-0}, \kbd {M-1}, \dots {} \kbd {M--})}}{130} +\entry {\code {display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}}{134} +\entry {\code {do-lowercase-version (M-A, M-B, M-\var {x}, \dots {})}}{132} +\entry {\code {downcase-word (M-l)}}{128} +\entry {\code {dump-functions ()}}{133} +\entry {\code {dump-macros ()}}{134} +\entry {\code {dump-variables ()}}{133} +\entry {\code {dynamic-complete-history (M-\key {TAB})}}{132} \initial {E} -\entry {\code {edit-and-execute-command (C-x C-e)}}{133} -\entry {\code {end-kbd-macro (C-x ))}}{131} -\entry {\code {\i {end-of-file} (usually C-d)}}{126} -\entry {\code {end-of-history (M->)}}{125} -\entry {\code {end-of-line (C-e)}}{124} -\entry {\code {exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}}{132} +\entry {\code {edit-and-execute-command (C-x C-e)}}{134} +\entry {\code {end-kbd-macro (C-x ))}}{132} +\entry {\code {\i {end-of-file} (usually C-d)}}{127} +\entry {\code {end-of-history (M->)}}{126} +\entry {\code {end-of-line (C-e)}}{125} +\entry {\code {exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}}{133} \initial {F} -\entry {\code {forward-backward-delete-char ()}}{127} -\entry {\code {forward-char (C-f)}}{124} -\entry {\code {forward-search-history (C-s)}}{125} -\entry {\code {forward-word (M-f)}}{124} +\entry {\code {forward-backward-delete-char ()}}{128} +\entry {\code {forward-char (C-f)}}{125} +\entry {\code {forward-search-history (C-s)}}{126} +\entry {\code {forward-word (M-f)}}{125} \initial {G} -\entry {\code {glob-complete-word (M-g)}}{133} -\entry {\code {glob-expand-word (C-x *)}}{133} -\entry {\code {glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}}{133} +\entry {\code {glob-complete-word (M-g)}}{134} +\entry {\code {glob-expand-word (C-x *)}}{134} +\entry {\code {glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}}{134} \initial {H} -\entry {\code {history-and-alias-expand-line ()}}{133} -\entry {\code {history-expand-line (M-^)}}{133} -\entry {\code {history-search-backward ()}}{126} -\entry {\code {history-search-forward ()}}{125} -\entry {\code {history-substring-search-backward ()}}{126} -\entry {\code {history-substring-search-forward ()}}{126} +\entry {\code {history-and-alias-expand-line ()}}{134} +\entry {\code {history-expand-line (M-^)}}{134} +\entry {\code {history-search-backward ()}}{127} +\entry {\code {history-search-forward ()}}{126} +\entry {\code {history-substring-search-backward ()}}{127} +\entry {\code {history-substring-search-forward ()}}{127} \initial {I} -\entry {\code {insert-comment (M-#)}}{132} -\entry {\code {insert-completions (M-*)}}{129} -\entry {\code {insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)}}{133} +\entry {\code {insert-comment (M-#)}}{133} +\entry {\code {insert-completions (M-*)}}{131} +\entry {\code {insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)}}{134} \initial {K} -\entry {\code {kill-line (C-k)}}{128} -\entry {\code {kill-region ()}}{128} -\entry {\code {kill-whole-line ()}}{128} -\entry {\code {kill-word (M-d)}}{128} +\entry {\code {kill-line (C-k)}}{129} +\entry {\code {kill-region ()}}{129} +\entry {\code {kill-whole-line ()}}{129} +\entry {\code {kill-word (M-d)}}{129} \initial {M} -\entry {\code {magic-space ()}}{133} -\entry {\code {menu-complete ()}}{129} -\entry {\code {menu-complete-backward ()}}{130} +\entry {\code {magic-space ()}}{134} +\entry {\code {menu-complete ()}}{131} +\entry {\code {menu-complete-backward ()}}{131} \initial {N} -\entry {\code {next-history (C-n)}}{125} -\entry {\code {next-screen-line ()}}{125} -\entry {\code {non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)}}{125} -\entry {\code {non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)}}{125} +\entry {\code {next-history (C-n)}}{126} +\entry {\code {next-screen-line ()}}{126} +\entry {\code {non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)}}{126} +\entry {\code {non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)}}{126} \initial {O} -\entry {\code {operate-and-get-next (C-o)}}{133} -\entry {\code {overwrite-mode ()}}{127} +\entry {\code {operate-and-get-next (C-o)}}{134} +\entry {\code {overwrite-mode ()}}{128} \initial {P} -\entry {\code {possible-command-completions (C-x !)}}{130} -\entry {\code {possible-completions (M-?)}}{129} -\entry {\code {possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}}{130} -\entry {\code {possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}}{130} -\entry {\code {possible-username-completions (C-x ~)}}{130} -\entry {\code {possible-variable-completions (C-x $)}}{130} -\entry {\code {prefix-meta (\key {ESC})}}{131} -\entry {\code {previous-history (C-p)}}{125} -\entry {\code {previous-screen-line ()}}{124} -\entry {\code {print-last-kbd-macro ()}}{131} +\entry {\code {possible-command-completions (C-x !)}}{132} +\entry {\code {possible-completions (M-?)}}{130} +\entry {\code {possible-filename-completions (C-x /)}}{131} +\entry {\code {possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)}}{131} +\entry {\code {possible-username-completions (C-x ~)}}{131} +\entry {\code {possible-variable-completions (C-x $)}}{131} +\entry {\code {prefix-meta (\key {ESC})}}{132} +\entry {\code {previous-history (C-p)}}{126} +\entry {\code {previous-screen-line ()}}{125} +\entry {\code {print-last-kbd-macro ()}}{132} \initial {Q} -\entry {\code {quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)}}{127} +\entry {\code {quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)}}{128} \initial {R} -\entry {\code {re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)}}{131} -\entry {\code {redraw-current-line ()}}{125} -\entry {\code {reverse-search-history (C-r)}}{125} -\entry {\code {revert-line (M-r)}}{131} +\entry {\code {re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)}}{132} +\entry {\code {redraw-current-line ()}}{126} +\entry {\code {reverse-search-history (C-r)}}{126} +\entry {\code {revert-line (M-r)}}{133} \initial {S} -\entry {\code {self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, \dots {})}}{127} -\entry {\code {set-mark (C-@)}}{132} -\entry {\code {shell-backward-kill-word ()}}{128} -\entry {\code {shell-backward-word ()}}{124} -\entry {\code {shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}}{133} -\entry {\code {shell-forward-word ()}}{124} -\entry {\code {shell-kill-word ()}}{128} -\entry {\code {skip-csi-sequence ()}}{132} -\entry {\code {start-kbd-macro (C-x ()}}{131} +\entry {\code {self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, \dots {})}}{128} +\entry {\code {set-mark (C-@)}}{133} +\entry {\code {shell-backward-kill-word ()}}{129} +\entry {\code {shell-backward-word (M-C-b)}}{125} +\entry {\code {shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}}{134} +\entry {\code {shell-forward-word (M-C-f)}}{125} +\entry {\code {shell-kill-word (M-C-d)}}{129} +\entry {\code {shell-transpose-words (M-C-t)}}{129} +\entry {\code {skip-csi-sequence ()}}{133} +\entry {\code {start-kbd-macro (C-x ()}}{132} \initial {T} -\entry {\code {tilde-expand (M-&)}}{131} -\entry {\code {transpose-chars (C-t)}}{127} -\entry {\code {transpose-words (M-t)}}{127} +\entry {\code {tilde-expand (M-&)}}{133} +\entry {\code {transpose-chars (C-t)}}{128} +\entry {\code {transpose-words (M-t)}}{128} \initial {U} -\entry {\code {undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)}}{131} -\entry {\code {universal-argument ()}}{129} -\entry {\code {unix-filename-rubout ()}}{128} -\entry {\code {unix-line-discard (C-u)}}{128} -\entry {\code {unix-word-rubout (C-w)}}{128} -\entry {\code {upcase-word (M-u)}}{127} +\entry {\code {undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)}}{132} +\entry {\code {universal-argument ()}}{130} +\entry {\code {unix-filename-rubout ()}}{129} +\entry {\code {unix-line-discard (C-u)}}{129} +\entry {\code {unix-word-rubout (C-w)}}{129} +\entry {\code {upcase-word (M-u)}}{128} \initial {Y} -\entry {\code {yank (C-y)}}{129} -\entry {\code {yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)}}{126} -\entry {\code {yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)}}{126} -\entry {\code {yank-pop (M-y)}}{129} +\entry {\code {yank (C-y)}}{130} +\entry {\code {yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)}}{127} +\entry {\code {yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)}}{127} +\entry {\code {yank-pop (M-y)}}{130} diff --git a/doc/bashref.html b/doc/bashref.html index 5cf724cd..12376c09 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.html +++ b/doc/bashref.html @@ -1,9 +1,9 @@