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update fix to save history if fatal signal arrives during $PROMPT_COMMAND execution; fix issue with extglob and empty patterns preceding pattern beginning with a `.'

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Chet Ramey
2026-03-24 10:10:30 -04:00
parent 1f292e433e
commit 55f721c51e
22 changed files with 3626 additions and 3540 deletions
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doc/bashref.html
+39 -15
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@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<!-- This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
the Bash shell (version 5.3, 14 January 2026).
the Bash shell (version 5.3, 16 March 2026).
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 14 January 2026,
This is Edition 5.3, last updated 16 March 2026,
of The GNU Bash Reference Manual,
for Bash, Version 5.3.
@@ -77,10 +77,10 @@ Next: <a href="#Introduction" accesskey="n" rel="next">Introduction</a>, Previou
<h1 class="top" id="Bash-Features-1"><span>Bash Features<a class="copiable-link" href="#Bash-Features-1"> &para;</a></span></h1>
<p>This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
the Bash shell (version 5.3, 14 January 2026).
the Bash shell (version 5.3, 16 March 2026).
The Bash home page is <a class="url" href="http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/">http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/</a>.
</p>
<p>This is Edition 5.3, last updated 14 January 2026,
<p>This is Edition 5.3, last updated 16 March 2026,
of <cite class="cite">The GNU Bash Reference Manual</cite>,
for <code class="code">Bash</code>, Version 5.3.
</p>
@@ -1699,6 +1699,8 @@ special pattern characters where that&rsquo;s necessary.
</p>
<p>The array variable <code class="code">BASH_REMATCH</code> records which parts of the string
matched the pattern.
Bash unsets <code class="code">BASH_REMATCH</code>
before attempting the match, so if there is no match, it remains unset.
The element of <code class="code">BASH_REMATCH</code> with index 0 contains the portion of
the string matching the entire regular expression.
Substrings matched by parenthesized subexpressions within the regular
@@ -1708,8 +1710,10 @@ string matching the <var class="var">n</var>th parenthesized subexpression.
</p>
<p>Bash sets
<code class="code">BASH_REMATCH</code>
in the global scope; declaring it as a local variable will lead to
unexpected results.
in the global scope if it is not set;
if it is declared as a local variable before running
<code class="code">[[</code>,
Bash keeps it a local variable.
</p>
<p>Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed
in decreasing order of precedence:
@@ -2705,8 +2709,10 @@ introduce indirection.
<p>In each of the cases below, <var class="var">word</var> is subject to tilde expansion,
parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion.
</p>
<p>When not performing substring expansion, using the forms described
below (e.g., &lsquo;<samp class="samp">:&minus;</samp>&rsquo;), Bash tests for a parameter that is unset or null.
<p>When performing the first four expansions documented below
(&lsquo;<samp class="samp">:-</samp>&rsquo;, &lsquo;<samp class="samp">:=</samp>&rsquo;, &lsquo;<samp class="samp">:?</samp>&rsquo;, and &lsquo;<samp class="samp">:+</samp>&rsquo;),
including the colon,
Bash tests for a parameter that is unset or null.
Omitting the colon results in a test only for a parameter that is unset.
Put another way, if the colon is included,
the operator tests for both <var class="var">parameter</var>&rsquo;s existence and that its value
@@ -2714,7 +2720,10 @@ is not null; if the colon is omitted, the operator tests only for existence.
</p>
<dl class="table">
<dt><code class="code">${<var class="var">parameter</var>:&minus;<var class="var">word</var>}</code></dt>
<dd><p>If <var class="var">parameter</var> is unset or null, the expansion of
<dd><p>If <var class="var">parameter</var>
is unset or null,
or unset if the colon is not present,
the expansion of
<var class="var">word</var> is substituted.
Otherwise, the value of <var class="var">parameter</var> is substituted.
</p>
@@ -2736,7 +2745,10 @@ unset-or-null
</dd>
<dt><code class="code">${<var class="var">parameter</var>:=<var class="var">word</var>}</code></dt>
<dd><p>If <var class="var">parameter</var> is unset or null, the expansion of <var class="var">word</var>
<dd><p>If <var class="var">parameter</var>
is unset or null,
or unset if the colon is not present,
the expansion of <var class="var">word</var>
is assigned to <var class="var">parameter</var>,
and the result of the expansion
is the final value of <var class="var">parameter</var>.
@@ -2765,7 +2777,9 @@ DEFAULT
</dd>
<dt><code class="code">${<var class="var">parameter</var>:?<var class="var">word</var>}</code></dt>
<dd><p>If <var class="var">parameter</var>
is null or unset, the shell writes
is unset or null,
or unset if the colon is not present,
the shell writes
the expansion of <var class="var">word</var> (or a message
to that effect if <var class="var">word</var>
is not present) to the standard error and, if it
@@ -2793,7 +2807,10 @@ $ echo ${var:?var is unset or null}
</dd>
<dt><code class="code">${<var class="var">parameter</var>:+<var class="var">word</var>}</code></dt>
<dd><p>If <var class="var">parameter</var>
is null or unset, nothing is substituted, otherwise the expansion of
is unset or null,
or unset if the colon is not present,
nothing is substituted,
otherwise the expansion of
<var class="var">word</var> is substituted.
The value of <var class="var">parameter</var> is not used.
</p>
@@ -6106,7 +6123,7 @@ corresponding <var class="var">argument</var> in the same way as <code class="co
<dt><code class="code">%q</code></dt>
<dd><p>Causes <code class="code">printf</code> to output the
corresponding <var class="var">argument</var> in a format that can be reused as shell input.
<code class="code">%q</code> and <code class="code">%Q</code>P use the ANSI-C quoting style (see <a class="pxref" href="#ANSI_002dC-Quoting">ANSI-C Quoting</a>)
<code class="code">%q</code> and <code class="code">%Q</code> use the ANSI-C quoting style (see <a class="pxref" href="#ANSI_002dC-Quoting">ANSI-C Quoting</a>)
if any characters
in the argument string require it, and backslash quoting otherwise.
If the format string uses the <code class="code">printf</code> <em class="emph">alternate form</em>, these two
@@ -9524,7 +9541,7 @@ This means you can use <var class="var">x</var>,
where <var class="var">x</var> is a shell variable name, in an arithmetic expression,
and the shell will evaluate its value as an expression and use the
result.
A shell variable that is null or unset evaluates to 0 when referenced
A shell variable that is unset or null evaluates to 0 when referenced
by name in an expression.
</p>
<p>The value of a variable is evaluated as an arithmetic expression
@@ -10333,7 +10350,8 @@ redirection.
builtins.
</li><li> Tilde expansion is only performed on assignments preceding a command
name, rather than on all assignment statements on the line.
name, rather than on all assignment statements on the line, unless
the command is a declaration command.
</li><li> While variable indirection is available, it may not be applied to the
&lsquo;<samp class="samp">#</samp>&rsquo; and &lsquo;<samp class="samp">?</samp>&rsquo; special parameters.
@@ -10636,6 +10654,12 @@ entries if <code class="code">FCEDIT</code> is unset, rather than defaulting dir
<code class="code">fc</code> uses <code class="code">ed</code> if <code class="code">EDITOR</code> is unset.
</li><li> Bash does not perform redirections before expanding variable assignments
preceding a simple command; it does not allow the redirections access to
the results of the variable assignments, but any side effects of expanding
the redirections take place first.
If compiled in <i class="i">strict posix</i> mode, Bash performs redirections first.
</li><li> As noted above, Bash requires the <code class="code">xpg_echo</code> option to be enabled for
the <code class="code">echo</code> builtin to be fully conformant.