commit bash-20050317 snapshot

doc/bashref.info

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.7 from
 /Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi.
 
    This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 3.1-devel, 19 February 2005).
+the Bash shell (version 3.1-devel, 15 March 2005).
 
-   This is Edition 3.1-devel, last updated 19 February 2005, of `The
-GNU Bash Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.1-devel.
+   This is Edition 3.1-devel, last updated 15 March 2005, of `The GNU
+Bash Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.1-devel.
 
    Copyright (C) 1988-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@ Bash Features
 *************
 
 This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 3.1-devel, 19 February 2005)..
+the Bash shell (version 3.1-devel, 15 March 2005)..
 
-   This is Edition 3.1-devel, last updated 19 February 2005, of `The
-GNU Bash Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.1-devel.
+   This is Edition 3.1-devel, last updated 15 March 2005, of `The GNU
+Bash Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.1-devel.
 
    Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
 features that only appear in Bash.  Some of the shells that Bash has
@@ -2945,7 +2945,7 @@ POSIX 1003.2 standard.
      Exit a login shell, returning a status of N to the shell's parent.
 
 `printf'
-          `printf' FORMAT [ARGUMENTS]
+          `printf' [-v VAR] FORMAT [ARGUMENTS]
      Write the formatted ARGUMENTS to the standard output under the
      control of the FORMAT.  The FORMAT is a character string which
      contains three types of objects: plain characters, which are
@@ -2960,6 +2960,9 @@ POSIX 1003.2 standard.
      and `%q' causes `printf' to output the corresponding ARGUMENT in a
      format that can be reused as shell input.
 
+     The `-v' option causes the output to be assigned to the variable
+     VAR rather than being printed to the standard output.
+
      The FORMAT is reused as necessary to consume all of the ARGUMENTS.
      If the FORMAT requires more ARGUMENTS than are supplied, the extra
      format specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as
@@ -5253,7 +5256,8 @@ startup files.
      is stopped is `Stopped(SIGNAME)', where SIGNAME is, for example,
      `SIGTSTP'.
 
-  4. Reserved words may not be aliased.
+  4. Reserved words appearing in a context where reserved words are
+     recognized do not undergo alias expansion.
 
   5. The POSIX 1003.2 `PS1' and `PS2' expansions of `!' to the history
      number and `!!' to `!' are enabled, and parameter expansion is
@@ -5301,85 +5305,81 @@ startup files.
      options, redirection errors, variable assignment errors for
      assignments preceding the command name, and so on.
 
- 18. If the `cd' builtin finds a directory to change to using
-     `$CDPATH', the value it assigns to the `PWD' variable does not
-     contain any symbolic links, as if `cd -P' had been executed.
-
- 19. If `CDPATH' is set, the `cd' builtin will not implicitly append
+ 18. If `CDPATH' is set, the `cd' builtin will not implicitly append
      the current directory to it.  This means that `cd' will fail if no
      valid directory name can be constructed from any of the entries in
      `$CDPATH', even if the a directory with the same name as the name
      given as an argument to `cd' exists in the current directory.
 
- 20. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable
+ 19. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable
      assignment error occurs when no command name follows the assignment
      statements.  A variable assignment error occurs, for example, when
      trying to assign a value to a readonly variable.
 
- 21. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if the iteration
+ 20. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if the iteration
      variable in a `for' statement or the selection variable in a
      `select' statement is a readonly variable.
 
- 22. Process substitution is not available.
+ 21. Process substitution is not available.
 
- 23. Assignment statements preceding POSIX 1003.2 special builtins
+ 22. Assignment statements preceding POSIX 1003.2 special builtins
      persist in the shell environment after the builtin completes.
 
- 24. Assignment statements preceding shell function calls persist in the
+ 23. Assignment statements preceding shell function calls persist in the
      shell environment after the function returns, as if a POSIX
      special builtin command had been executed.
 
- 25. The `export' and `readonly' builtin commands display their output
+ 24. The `export' and `readonly' builtin commands display their output
      in the format required by POSIX 1003.2.
 
- 26. The `trap' builtin displays signal names without the leading `SIG'.
+ 25. The `trap' builtin displays signal names without the leading `SIG'.
 
- 27. The `trap' builtin doesn't check the first argument for a possible
+ 26. The `trap' builtin doesn't check the first argument for a possible
      signal specification and revert the signal handling to the original
      disposition if it is, unless that argument consists solely of
      digits and is a valid signal number.  If users want to reset the
      handler for a given signal to the original disposition, they
      should use `-' as the first argument.
 
- 28. The `.' and `source' builtins do not search the current directory
+ 27. The `.' and `source' builtins do not search the current directory
      for the filename argument if it is not found by searching `PATH'.
 
- 29. Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the
+ 28. Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the
      value of the `-e' option from the parent shell.  When not in POSIX
      mode, Bash clears the `-e' option in such subshells.
 
- 30. Alias expansion is always enabled, even in non-interactive shells.
+ 29. Alias expansion is always enabled, even in non-interactive shells.
 
- 31. When the `alias' builtin displays alias definitions, it does not
+ 30. When the `alias' builtin displays alias definitions, it does not
      display them with a leading `alias ' unless the `-p' option is
      supplied.
 
- 32. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it does not
+ 31. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it does not
      display shell function names and definitions.
 
- 33. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it displays
+ 32. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it displays
      variable values without quotes, unless they contain shell
      metacharacters, even if the result contains nonprinting characters.
 
- 34. When the `cd' builtin is invoked in LOGICAL mode, and the pathname
+ 33. When the `cd' builtin is invoked in LOGICAL mode, and the pathname
      constructed from `$PWD' and the directory name supplied as an
      argument does not refer to an existing directory, `cd' will fail
      instead of falling back to PHYSICAL mode.
 
- 35. When the `pwd' builtin is supplied the `-P' option, it resets
+ 34. When the `pwd' builtin is supplied the `-P' option, it resets
      `$PWD' to a pathname containing no symlinks.
 
- 36. When listing the history, the `fc' builtin does not include an
+ 35. When listing the history, the `fc' builtin does not include an
      indication of whether or not a history entry has been modified.
 
- 37. The default editor used by `fc' is `ed'.
+ 36. The default editor used by `fc' is `ed'.
 
- 38. The `type' and `command' builtins will not report a non-executable
+ 37. The `type' and `command' builtins will not report a non-executable
      file as having been found, though the shell will attempt to
      execute such a file if it is the only so-named file found in
      `$PATH'.
 
- 39. When the `xpg_echo' option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to
+ 38. When the `xpg_echo' option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to
      interpret any arguments to `echo' as options.  Each argument is
      displayed, after escape characters are converted.
 
@@ -8994,7 +8994,7 @@ Index of Shell Builtin Commands
                                                               (line  58)
 * pwd:                                   Bourne Shell Builtins.
                                                               (line 163)
-* read:                                  Bash Builtins.       (line 324)
+* read:                                  Bash Builtins.       (line 327)
 * readonly:                              Bourne Shell Builtins.
                                                               (line 172)
 * return:                                Bourne Shell Builtins.
@@ -9002,8 +9002,8 @@ Index of Shell Builtin Commands
 * set:                                   The Set Builtin.     (line   9)
 * shift:                                 Bourne Shell Builtins.
                                                               (line 200)
-* shopt:                                 Bash Builtins.       (line 385)
-* source:                                Bash Builtins.       (line 616)
+* shopt:                                 Bash Builtins.       (line 388)
+* source:                                Bash Builtins.       (line 619)
 * suspend:                               Job Control Builtins.
                                                               (line  94)
 * test:                                  Bourne Shell Builtins.
@@ -9012,12 +9012,12 @@ Index of Shell Builtin Commands
                                                               (line 276)
 * trap:                                  Bourne Shell Builtins.
                                                               (line 281)
-* type:                                  Bash Builtins.       (line 620)
-* typeset:                               Bash Builtins.       (line 651)
-* ulimit:                                Bash Builtins.       (line 657)
+* type:                                  Bash Builtins.       (line 623)
+* typeset:                               Bash Builtins.       (line 654)
+* ulimit:                                Bash Builtins.       (line 660)
 * umask:                                 Bourne Shell Builtins.
                                                               (line 322)
-* unalias:                               Bash Builtins.       (line 719)
+* unalias:                               Bash Builtins.       (line 722)
 * unset:                                 Bourne Shell Builtins.
                                                               (line 339)
 * wait:                                  Job Control Builtins.
@@ -9488,129 +9488,129 @@ Concept Index
 
 
 Tag Table:
-Node: Top1375
-Node: Introduction3537
-Node: What is Bash?3766
-Node: What is a shell?4859
-Node: Definitions7400
-Node: Basic Shell Features10141
-Node: Shell Syntax11360
-Node: Shell Operation12392
-Node: Quoting13686
-Node: Escape Character14990
-Node: Single Quotes15475
-Node: Double Quotes15823
-Node: ANSI-C Quoting16948
-Node: Locale Translation17904
-Node: Comments18800
-Node: Shell Commands19414
-Node: Simple Commands20180
-Node: Pipelines20811
-Node: Lists22686
-Node: Compound Commands24317
-Node: Looping Constructs25101
-Node: Conditional Constructs27548
-Node: Command Grouping35008
-Node: Shell Functions36457
-Node: Shell Parameters40747
-Node: Positional Parameters43077
-Node: Special Parameters43977
-Node: Shell Expansions46941
-Node: Brace Expansion48866
-Node: Tilde Expansion51191
-Node: Shell Parameter Expansion53542
-Node: Command Substitution61051
-Node: Arithmetic Expansion62384
-Node: Process Substitution63234
-Node: Word Splitting64284
-Node: Filename Expansion65745
-Node: Pattern Matching67881
-Node: Quote Removal71206
-Node: Redirections71501
-Node: Executing Commands79231
-Node: Simple Command Expansion79906
-Node: Command Search and Execution81836
-Node: Command Execution Environment83842
-Node: Environment86613
-Node: Exit Status88273
-Node: Signals89477
-Node: Shell Scripts91441
-Node: Shell Builtin Commands93959
-Node: Bourne Shell Builtins95538
-Node: Bash Builtins112491
-Node: The Set Builtin141325
-Node: Special Builtins149732
-Node: Shell Variables150709
-Node: Bourne Shell Variables151149
-Node: Bash Variables153130
-Node: Bash Features173182
-Node: Invoking Bash174065
-Node: Bash Startup Files179886
-Node: Interactive Shells184744
-Node: What is an Interactive Shell?185154
-Node: Is this Shell Interactive?185804
-Node: Interactive Shell Behavior186619
-Node: Bash Conditional Expressions189895
-Node: Shell Arithmetic193474
-Node: Aliases196220
-Node: Arrays198788
-Node: The Directory Stack202055
-Node: Directory Stack Builtins202769
-Node: Printing a Prompt205660
-Node: The Restricted Shell208374
-Node: Bash POSIX Mode210206
-Node: Job Control217657
-Node: Job Control Basics218124
-Node: Job Control Builtins222500
-Node: Job Control Variables226852
-Node: Command Line Editing228010
-Node: Introduction and Notation229009
-Node: Readline Interaction230631
-Node: Readline Bare Essentials231822
-Node: Readline Movement Commands233611
-Node: Readline Killing Commands234576
-Node: Readline Arguments236496
-Node: Searching237540
-Node: Readline Init File239726
-Node: Readline Init File Syntax240785
-Node: Conditional Init Constructs252644
-Node: Sample Init File255177
-Node: Bindable Readline Commands258294
-Node: Commands For Moving259501
-Node: Commands For History260362
-Node: Commands For Text263517
-Node: Commands For Killing266190
-Node: Numeric Arguments268332
-Node: Commands For Completion269471
-Node: Keyboard Macros273064
-Node: Miscellaneous Commands273635
-Node: Readline vi Mode278946
-Node: Programmable Completion279860
-Node: Programmable Completion Builtins285652
-Node: Using History Interactively293248
-Node: Bash History Facilities293928
-Node: Bash History Builtins296623
-Node: History Interaction300480
-Node: Event Designators303036
-Node: Word Designators304051
-Node: Modifiers305690
-Node: Installing Bash307096
-Node: Basic Installation308233
-Node: Compilers and Options310925
-Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures311666
-Node: Installation Names313330
-Node: Specifying the System Type314148
-Node: Sharing Defaults314864
-Node: Operation Controls315537
-Node: Optional Features316495
-Node: Reporting Bugs325304
-Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell326498
-Node: Copying This Manual342406
-Node: GNU Free Documentation License342682
-Node: Builtin Index365088
-Node: Reserved Word Index371637
-Node: Variable Index374073
-Node: Function Index384933
-Node: Concept Index391653
+Node: Top1369
+Node: Introduction3525
+Node: What is Bash?3754
+Node: What is a shell?4847
+Node: Definitions7388
+Node: Basic Shell Features10129
+Node: Shell Syntax11348
+Node: Shell Operation12380
+Node: Quoting13674
+Node: Escape Character14978
+Node: Single Quotes15463
+Node: Double Quotes15811
+Node: ANSI-C Quoting16936
+Node: Locale Translation17892
+Node: Comments18788
+Node: Shell Commands19402
+Node: Simple Commands20168
+Node: Pipelines20799
+Node: Lists22674
+Node: Compound Commands24305
+Node: Looping Constructs25089
+Node: Conditional Constructs27536
+Node: Command Grouping34996
+Node: Shell Functions36445
+Node: Shell Parameters40735
+Node: Positional Parameters43065
+Node: Special Parameters43965
+Node: Shell Expansions46929
+Node: Brace Expansion48854
+Node: Tilde Expansion51179
+Node: Shell Parameter Expansion53530
+Node: Command Substitution61039
+Node: Arithmetic Expansion62372
+Node: Process Substitution63222
+Node: Word Splitting64272
+Node: Filename Expansion65733
+Node: Pattern Matching67869
+Node: Quote Removal71194
+Node: Redirections71489
+Node: Executing Commands79219
+Node: Simple Command Expansion79894
+Node: Command Search and Execution81824
+Node: Command Execution Environment83830
+Node: Environment86601
+Node: Exit Status88261
+Node: Signals89465
+Node: Shell Scripts91429
+Node: Shell Builtin Commands93947
+Node: Bourne Shell Builtins95526
+Node: Bash Builtins112479
+Node: The Set Builtin141452
+Node: Special Builtins149859
+Node: Shell Variables150836
+Node: Bourne Shell Variables151276
+Node: Bash Variables153257
+Node: Bash Features173309
+Node: Invoking Bash174192
+Node: Bash Startup Files180013
+Node: Interactive Shells184871
+Node: What is an Interactive Shell?185281
+Node: Is this Shell Interactive?185931
+Node: Interactive Shell Behavior186746
+Node: Bash Conditional Expressions190022
+Node: Shell Arithmetic193601
+Node: Aliases196347
+Node: Arrays198915
+Node: The Directory Stack202182
+Node: Directory Stack Builtins202896
+Node: Printing a Prompt205787
+Node: The Restricted Shell208501
+Node: Bash POSIX Mode210333
+Node: Job Control217663
+Node: Job Control Basics218130
+Node: Job Control Builtins222506
+Node: Job Control Variables226858
+Node: Command Line Editing228016
+Node: Introduction and Notation229015
+Node: Readline Interaction230637
+Node: Readline Bare Essentials231828
+Node: Readline Movement Commands233617
+Node: Readline Killing Commands234582
+Node: Readline Arguments236502
+Node: Searching237546
+Node: Readline Init File239732
+Node: Readline Init File Syntax240791
+Node: Conditional Init Constructs252650
+Node: Sample Init File255183
+Node: Bindable Readline Commands258300
+Node: Commands For Moving259507
+Node: Commands For History260368
+Node: Commands For Text263523
+Node: Commands For Killing266196
+Node: Numeric Arguments268338
+Node: Commands For Completion269477
+Node: Keyboard Macros273070
+Node: Miscellaneous Commands273641
+Node: Readline vi Mode278952
+Node: Programmable Completion279866
+Node: Programmable Completion Builtins285658
+Node: Using History Interactively293254
+Node: Bash History Facilities293934
+Node: Bash History Builtins296629
+Node: History Interaction300486
+Node: Event Designators303042
+Node: Word Designators304057
+Node: Modifiers305696
+Node: Installing Bash307102
+Node: Basic Installation308239
+Node: Compilers and Options310931
+Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures311672
+Node: Installation Names313336
+Node: Specifying the System Type314154
+Node: Sharing Defaults314870
+Node: Operation Controls315543
+Node: Optional Features316501
+Node: Reporting Bugs325310
+Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell326504
+Node: Copying This Manual342412
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License342688
+Node: Builtin Index365094
+Node: Reserved Word Index371643
+Node: Variable Index374079
+Node: Function Index384939
+Node: Concept Index391659
 
 End Tag Table