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commit bash-20061214 snapshot

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Chet Ramey
2011-12-07 09:01:35 -05:00
parent 10a5f6b4cc
commit 258e3d4698
109 changed files with 19368 additions and 4220 deletions
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doc/FAQ
+3 -3
View File
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
This is the Bash FAQ, version 3.34, for Bash version 3.2.
This is the Bash FAQ, version 3.35, for Bash version 3.2.
This document contains a set of frequently-asked questions concerning
Bash, the GNU Bourne-Again Shell. Bash is a freely-available command
@@ -1791,8 +1791,8 @@ it in fine bookstores near you. This edition of the book has been updated
to cover bash-3.0.
The GNU Bash Reference Manual has been published as a printed book by
Network Theory Ltd (Paperback, ISBN: 0-9541617-7-7, Feb 2003). It covers
bash-2.0 and is available from most online bookstores (see
Network Theory Ltd (Paperback, ISBN: 0-9541617-7-7, Nov. 2006). It covers
bash-3.2 and is available from most online bookstores (see
http://www.network-theory.co.uk/bash/manual/ for details). The publisher
will donate $1 to the Free Software Foundation for each copy sold.
doc/bash.0
+90 -83
View File
@@ -1336,12 +1336,16 @@ EEXXPPAANNSSIIOONN
Note that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by
at least one space to avoid being confused with the :- expan-
sion. Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional
parameters are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1.
parameters are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1 by
default. If _o_f_f_s_e_t is 0, and the positional parameters are
used, $$00 is prefixed to the list.
${!!_p_r_e_f_i_x**}
${!!_p_r_e_f_i_x@@}
Expands to the names of variables whose names begin with _p_r_e_f_i_x,
separated by the first character of the IIFFSS special variable.
separated by the first character of the IIFFSS special variable.
When _@ is used and the expansion appears within double quotes,
each variable name expands to a separate word.
${!!_n_a_m_e[_@]}
${!!_n_a_m_e[_*]}
@@ -3689,64 +3693,67 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
environment.
Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with
the exception that ++aa may not be used to destroy an array vari-
able. When used in a function, makes each _n_a_m_e local, as with
the llooccaall command. If a variable name is followed by =_v_a_l_u_e,
the value of the variable is set to _v_a_l_u_e. The return value is
0 unless an invalid option is encountered, an attempt is made to
define a function using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to
assign a value to a readonly variable, an attempt is made to
assign a value to an array variable without using the compound
assignment syntax (see AArrrraayyss above), one of the _n_a_m_e_s is not a
valid shell variable name, an attempt is made to turn off read-
only status for a readonly variable, an attempt is made to turn
off array status for an array variable, or an attempt is made to
display a non-existent function with --ff.
the exceptions that ++aa may not be used to destroy an array vari-
able and ++rr wwiillll nnoott rreemmoovvee tthhee rreeaaddoonnllyy aattttrriibbuuttee.. WWhheenn uusseedd
iinn aa ffuunnccttiioonn,, mmaakkeess eeaacchh _n_a_m_e llooccaall,, aass wwiitthh tthhee llooccaall command.
If a variable name is followed by =_v_a_l_u_e, the value of the vari-
able is set to _v_a_l_u_e. The return value is 0 unless an invalid
option is encountered, an attempt is made to define a function
using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to assign a value to a
readonly variable, an attempt is made to assign a value to an
array variable without using the compound assignment syntax (see
AArrrraayyss above), one of the _n_a_m_e_s is not a valid shell variable
name, an attempt is made to turn off readonly status for a read-
only variable, an attempt is made to turn off array status for
an array variable, or an attempt is made to display a non-exis-
tent function with --ff.
ddiirrss [[--ccllppvv]] [[++_n]] [[--_n]]
Without options, displays the list of currently remembered
directories. The default display is on a single line with
directory names separated by spaces. Directories are added to
the list with the ppuusshhdd command; the ppooppdd command removes
ddiirrss [[++_n]] [[--_n]] [[--ccppllvv]]
Without options, displays the list of currently remembered
directories. The default display is on a single line with
directory names separated by spaces. Directories are added to
the list with the ppuusshhdd command; the ppooppdd command removes
entries from the list.
++_n Displays the _nth entry counting from the left of the list
shown by ddiirrss when invoked without options, starting with
zero.
--_n Displays the _nth entry counting from the right of the
--_n Displays the _nth entry counting from the right of the
list shown by ddiirrss when invoked without options, starting
with zero.
--cc Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the
entries.
--ll Produces a longer listing; the default listing format
--ll Produces a longer listing; the default listing format
uses a tilde to denote the home directory.
--pp Print the directory stack with one entry per line.
--vv Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
--vv Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
fixing each entry with its index in the stack.
The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _n
The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _n
indexes beyond the end of the directory stack.
ddiissoowwnn [--aarr] [--hh] [_j_o_b_s_p_e_c ...]
Without options, each _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is removed from the table of
active jobs. If the --hh option is given, each _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not
removed from the table, but is marked so that SSIIGGHHUUPP is not sent
to the job if the shell receives a SSIIGGHHUUPP. If no _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is
present, and neither the --aa nor the --rr option is supplied, the
_c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b is used. If no _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is supplied, the --aa option
means to remove or mark all jobs; the --rr option without a _j_o_b_-
_s_p_e_c argument restricts operation to running jobs. The return
value is 0 unless a _j_o_b_s_p_e_c does not specify a valid job.
Without options, each _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is removed from the table of
active jobs. If _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not present, and neither --aa nnoorr --rr
iiss ssuupppplliieedd,, tthhee sshheellll''ss nnoottiioonn ooff tthhee _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b iiss uusseedd.. IIff
tthhee --hh ooppttiioonn iiss ggiivveenn,, eeaacchh _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not removed from the ta-
ble, but is marked so that SSIIGGHHUUPP is not sent to the job if the
shell receives a SSIIGGHHUUPP. If no _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is present, and neither
the --aa nor the --rr option is supplied, the _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b is used.
If no _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is supplied, the --aa option means to remove or mark
all jobs; the --rr option without a _j_o_b_s_p_e_c argument restricts
operation to running jobs. The return value is 0 unless a _j_o_b_-
_s_p_e_c does not specify a valid job.
eecchhoo [--nneeEE] [_a_r_g ...]
Output the _a_r_gs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
Output the _a_r_gs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
The return status is always 0. If --nn is specified, the trailing
newline is suppressed. If the --ee option is given, interpreta-
tion of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
The --EE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
acters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
The xxppgg__eecchhoo shell option may be used to dynamically determine
whether or not eecchhoo expands these escape characters by default.
eecchhoo does not interpret ---- to mean the end of options. eecchhoo
newline is suppressed. If the --ee option is given, interpreta-
tion of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
The --EE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
acters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
The xxppgg__eecchhoo shell option may be used to dynamically determine
whether or not eecchhoo expands these escape characters by default.
eecchhoo does not interpret ---- to mean the end of options. eecchhoo
interprets the following escape sequences:
\\aa alert (bell)
\\bb backspace
@@ -3758,52 +3765,52 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
\\tt horizontal tab
\\vv vertical tab
\\\\ backslash
\\00_n_n_n the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
\\00_n_n_n the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
_n_n_n (zero to three octal digits)
\\xx_H_H the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
\\xx_H_H the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
value _H_H (one or two hex digits)
eennaabbllee [--aaddnnppss] [--ff _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e] [_n_a_m_e ...]
Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
allows a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin
to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
If --nn is used, each _n_a_m_e is disabled; otherwise, _n_a_m_e_s are
to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
If --nn is used, each _n_a_m_e is disabled; otherwise, _n_a_m_e_s are
enabled. For example, to use the tteesstt binary found via the PPAATTHH
instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
The --ff option means to load the new builtin command _n_a_m_e from
instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
The --ff option means to load the new builtin command _n_a_m_e from
shared object _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e, on systems that support dynamic loading.
The --dd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with --ff.
The --dd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with --ff.
If no _n_a_m_e arguments are given, or if the --pp option is supplied,
a list of shell builtins is printed. With no other option argu-
ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If --nn
is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If --aa is sup-
plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
tion of whether or not each is enabled. If --ss is supplied, the
output is restricted to the POSIX _s_p_e_c_i_a_l builtins. The return
value is 0 unless a _n_a_m_e is not a shell builtin or there is an
ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If --nn
is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If --aa is sup-
plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
tion of whether or not each is enabled. If --ss is supplied, the
output is restricted to the POSIX _s_p_e_c_i_a_l builtins. The return
value is 0 unless a _n_a_m_e is not a shell builtin or there is an
error loading a new builtin from a shared object.
eevvaall [_a_r_g ...]
The _a_r_gs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
its exit status is returned as the value of eevvaall. If there are
The _a_r_gs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
its exit status is returned as the value of eevvaall. If there are
no _a_r_g_s, or only null arguments, eevvaall returns 0.
eexxeecc [--ccll] [--aa _n_a_m_e] [_c_o_m_m_a_n_d [_a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s]]
If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
is created. The _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s become the arguments to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d. If
If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
is created. The _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s become the arguments to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d. If
the --ll option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the begin-
ning of the zeroth arg passed to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d. This is what _l_o_g_i_n(1)
does. The --cc option causes _c_o_m_m_a_n_d to be executed with an empty
environment. If --aa is supplied, the shell passes _n_a_m_e as the
zeroth argument to the executed command. If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d cannot be
executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits, unless
the shell option eexxeeccffaaiill is enabled, in which case it returns
failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the file can-
not be executed. If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is not specified, any redirections
take effect in the current shell, and the return status is 0.
If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
ning of the zeroth argument passed to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d. This is what
_l_o_g_i_n(1) does. The --cc option causes _c_o_m_m_a_n_d to be executed with
an empty environment. If --aa is supplied, the shell passes _n_a_m_e
as the zeroth argument to the executed command. If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d can-
not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
unless the shell option eexxeeccffaaiill is enabled, in which case it
returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
file cannot be executed. If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is not specified, any redi-
rections take effect in the current shell, and the return status
is 0. If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
eexxiitt [_n]
Cause the shell to exit with a status of _n. If _n is omitted,
@@ -4043,6 +4050,9 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a ccdd to
the new top directory. Arguments, if supplied, have the follow-
ing meanings:
--nn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
++_n Removes the _nth entry counting from the left of the list
shown by ddiirrss, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+0'' removes the first directory, ``popd +1'' the second.
@@ -4050,9 +4060,6 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
shown by ddiirrss, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
-0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
last.
--nn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
If the ppooppdd command is successful, a ddiirrss is performed as well,
and the return status is 0. ppooppdd returns false if an invalid
@@ -4084,22 +4091,22 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
value is zero on success, non-zero on failure.
ppuusshhdd [--nn] [_d_i_r]
ppuusshhdd [--nn] [+_n] [-_n]
ppuusshhdd [--nn] [_d_i_r]
Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories
and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
if supplied, have the following meanings:
--nn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
++_n Rotates the stack so that the _nth directory (counting
from the left of the list shown by ddiirrss, starting with
zero) is at the top.
--_n Rotates the stack so that the _nth directory (counting
from the right of the list shown by ddiirrss, starting with
zero) is at the top.
--nn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
_d_i_r Adds _d_i_r to the directory stack at the top, making it the
new current working directory.
@@ -4214,10 +4221,10 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
above) exits with a non-zero status. The shell does not
exit if the command that fails is part of the command
list immediately following a wwhhiillee or uunnttiill keyword,
part of the test in an _i_f statement, part of a &&&& or ||||
list, or if the command's return value is being inverted
via !!. A trap on EERRRR, if set, is executed before the
shell exits.
part of the test in an iiff statement, part of a &&&& or ||||
list, any command in a pipeline but the last, or if the
command's return value is being inverted via !!. A trap
on EERRRR, if set, is executed before the shell exits.
--ff Disable pathname expansion.
--hh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
for execution. This is enabled by default.
@@ -4883,4 +4890,4 @@ BBUUGGSS
GNU Bash-3.2 2006 September 28 BASH(1)
GNU Bash-3.2 2006 November 27 BASH(1)
doc/bash.1
+13 -13
View File
@@ -6045,13 +6045,6 @@ that they can be re-read.
.B \-P
List current \fBreadline\fP function names and bindings.
.TP
.B \-v
Display \fBreadline\fP variable names and values in such a way that they
can be re-read.
.TP
.B \-V
List current \fBreadline\fP variable names and values.
.TP
.B \-s
Display \fBreadline\fP key sequences bound to macros and the strings
they output in such a way that they can be re-read.
@@ -6060,6 +6053,13 @@ they output in such a way that they can be re-read.
Display \fBreadline\fP key sequences bound to macros and the strings
they output.
.TP
.B \-v
Display \fBreadline\fP variable names and values in such a way that they
can be re-read.
.TP
.B \-V
List current \fBreadline\fP variable names and values.
.TP
.B \-f \fIfilename\fP
Read key bindings from \fIfilename\fP.
.TP
@@ -6232,9 +6232,9 @@ will be displayed.
The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, or no
matches were generated.
.TP
\fBcomplete\fP [\fB\-abcdefgjksuv\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIcomp-option\fP] [\fB\-A\fP \fIaction\fP] [\fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP] [\fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP] [\fB\-P\fP \fIprefix\fP] [\fB\-S\fP \fIsuffix\fP]
\fBcomplete\fP [\fB\-abcdefgjksuv\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIcomp-option\fP] [\fB\-A\fP \fIaction\fP] [\fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP] [\fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP] [\fB\-F\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcommand\fP]
.br
[\fB\-X\fP \fIfilterpat\fP] [\fB\-F\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcommand\fP] \fIname\fP [\fIname ...\fP]
[\fB\-X\fP \fIfilterpat\fP] [\fB\-P\fP \fIprefix\fP] [\fB\-S\fP \fIsuffix\fP] \fIname\fP [\fIname ...\fP]
.PD 0
.TP
\fBcomplete\fP \fB\-pr\fP [\fIname\fP ...]
@@ -6664,7 +6664,7 @@ the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value \fIHH\fP
.PD
.RE
.TP
\fBenable\fP [\fB\-adnps\fP] [\fB\-f\fP \fIfilename\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
\fBenable\fP [\fB\-a\fP] [\fB\-dnps\fP] [\fB\-f\fP \fIfilename\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
Enable and disable builtin shell commands.
Disabling a builtin allows a disk command which has the same name
as a shell builtin to be executed without specifying a full pathname,
@@ -6796,7 +6796,7 @@ is supplied with a
.I name
that is not a function.
.TP
\fBfc\fP [\fB\-e\fP \fIename\fP] [\fB\-nlr\fP] [\fIfirst\fP] [\fIlast\fP]
\fBfc\fP [\fB\-e\fP \fIename\fP] [\fB\-lnr\fP] [\fIfirst\fP] [\fIlast\fP]
.PD 0
.TP
\fBfc\fP \fB\-s\fP [\fIpat\fP=\fIrep\fP] [\fIcmd\fP]
@@ -7417,7 +7417,7 @@ The return status is 0 unless an error occurs while
reading the name of the current directory or an
invalid option is supplied.
.TP
\fBread\fP [\fB\-ers\fP] [\fB\-u\fP \fIfd\fP] [\fB\-t\fP \fItimeout\fP] [\fB\-a\fP \fIaname\fP] [\fB\-p\fP \fIprompt\fP] [\fB\-n\fP \fInchars\fP] [\fB\-d\fP \fIdelim\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
\fBread\fP [\fB\-ers\fP] [\fB\-a\fP \fIaname\fP] [\fB\-d\fP \fIdelim\fP] [\fB\-n\fP \fInchars\fP] [\fB\-p\fP \fIprompt\fP] [\fB\-t\fP \fItimeout\fP] [\fB\-u\fP \fIfd\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor
\fIfd\fP supplied as an argument to the \fB\-u\fP option, and the first word
is assigned to the first
@@ -7553,7 +7553,7 @@ the return status is false.
Any command associated with the \fBRETURN\fP trap is executed
before execution resumes after the function or script.
.TP
\fBset\fP [\fB\-\-abefhkmnptuvxBCHP\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIoption\fP] [\fIarg\fP ...]
\fBset\fP [\fB\-\-abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIoption\fP] [\fIarg\fP ...]
Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are displayed
in a format that can be reused as input
for setting or resetting the currently-set variables.
doc/bash.1~
+40 -30
View File
@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@
.\" Case Western Reserve University
.\" chet@po.cwru.edu
.\"
.\" Last Change: Tue Nov 21 10:50:26 EST 2006
.\" Last Change: Mon Nov 27 12:02:01 EST 2006
.\"
.\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
.if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
.if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
.TH BASH 1 "2006 November 21" "GNU Bash-3.2"
.TH BASH 1 "2006 November 27" "GNU Bash-3.2"
.\"
.\" There's some problem with having a `@'
.\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
@@ -5985,8 +5985,9 @@ no alias has been defined.
Resume each suspended job \fIjobspec\fP in the background, as if it
had been started with
.BR & .
If \fIjobspec\fP is not present, the shell's notion of the
\fIcurrent job\fP is used.
If
.I jobspec
is not present, the shell's notion of the \fIcurrent job\fP is used.
.B bg
.I jobspec
returns 0 unless run when job control is disabled or, when run with
@@ -6044,13 +6045,6 @@ that they can be re-read.
.B \-P
List current \fBreadline\fP function names and bindings.
.TP
.B \-v
Display \fBreadline\fP variable names and values in such a way that they
can be re-read.
.TP
.B \-V
List current \fBreadline\fP variable names and values.
.TP
.B \-s
Display \fBreadline\fP key sequences bound to macros and the strings
they output in such a way that they can be re-read.
@@ -6059,6 +6053,13 @@ they output in such a way that they can be re-read.
Display \fBreadline\fP key sequences bound to macros and the strings
they output.
.TP
.B \-v
Display \fBreadline\fP variable names and values in such a way that they
can be re-read.
.TP
.B \-V
List current \fBreadline\fP variable names and values.
.TP
.B \-f \fIfilename\fP
Read key bindings from \fIfilename\fP.
.TP
@@ -6231,9 +6232,9 @@ will be displayed.
The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, or no
matches were generated.
.TP
\fBcomplete\fP [\fB\-abcdefgjksuv\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIcomp-option\fP] [\fB\-A\fP \fIaction\fP] [\fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP] [\fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP] [\fB\-P\fP \fIprefix\fP] [\fB\-S\fP \fIsuffix\fP]
\fBcomplete\fP [\fB\-abcdefgjksuv\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIcomp-option\fP] [\fB\-A\fP \fIaction\fP] [\fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP] [\fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP] [\fB\-F\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcommand\fP]
.br
[\fB\-X\fP \fIfilterpat\fP] [\fB\-F\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcommand\fP] \fIname\fP [\fIname ...\fP]
[\fB\-X\fP \fIfilterpat\fP] [\fB\-P\fP \fIprefix\fP] [\fB\-S\fP \fIsuffix\fP] \fIname\fP [\fIname ...\fP]
.PD 0
.TP
\fBcomplete\fP \fB\-pr\fP [\fIname\fP ...]
@@ -6499,8 +6500,11 @@ Mark \fIname\fPs for export to subsequent commands via the environment.
.PD
.PP
Using `+' instead of `\-'
turns off the attribute instead, with the exception that \fB+a\fP
may not be used to destroy an array variable. When used in a function,
turns off the attribute instead,
with the exceptions that \fB+a\fP
may not be used to destroy an array variable and \fB+r\fB will not
remove the readonly attribute.
When used in a function,
makes each
\fIname\fP local, as with the
.B local
@@ -6569,6 +6573,10 @@ of the directory stack.
Without options, each
.I jobspec
is removed from the table of active jobs.
If
.I jobspec
is not present, and neither \fB\-a\fB nor \fB\-r\fP is supplied,
the shell's notion of the \fIcurrent job\fP is used.
If the \fB\-h\fP option is given, each
.I jobspec
is not removed from the table, but is marked so that
@@ -6656,7 +6664,7 @@ the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value \fIHH\fP
.PD
.RE
.TP
\fBenable\fP [\fB\-adnps\fP] [\fB\-f\fP \fIfilename\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
\fBenable\fP [\fB\-a\fP] [\fB\-dnps\fP] [\fB\-f\fP \fIfilename\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
Enable and disable builtin shell commands.
Disabling a builtin allows a disk command which has the same name
as a shell builtin to be executed without specifying a full pathname,
@@ -6788,7 +6796,7 @@ is supplied with a
.I name
that is not a function.
.TP
\fBfc\fP [\fB\-e\fP \fIename\fP] [\fB\-nlr\fP] [\fIfirst\fP] [\fIlast\fP]
\fBfc\fP [\fB\-e\fP \fIename\fP] [\fB\-lnr\fP] [\fIfirst\fP] [\fIlast\fP]
.PD 0
.TP
\fBfc\fP \fB\-s\fP [\fIpat\fP=\fIrep\fP] [\fIcmd\fP]
@@ -7274,6 +7282,10 @@ Arguments, if supplied, have the following meanings:
.RS
.PD 0
.TP
.B \-n
Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing directories
from the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
.TP
\fB+\fP\fIn\fP
Removes the \fIn\fPth entry counting from the left of the list
shown by
@@ -7297,10 +7309,6 @@ removes the last directory,
.if n ``popd -1''
.if t \f(CWpopd -1\fP
the next to last.
.TP
.B \-n
Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing directories
from the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
.PD
.PP
If the
@@ -7339,10 +7347,10 @@ extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as
appropriate, had been supplied. The return value is zero on success,
non-zero on failure.
.TP
\fBpushd\fP [\fB\-n\fP] [\fIdir\fP]
\fBpushd\fP [\fB\-n\fP] [+\fIn\fP] [\-\fIn\fP]
.PD 0
.TP
\fBpushd\fP [\fB\-n\fP] [+\fIn\fP] [\-\fIn\fP]
\fBpushd\fP [\fB\-n\fP] [\fIdir\fP]
.PD
Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
@@ -7352,6 +7360,10 @@ Arguments, if supplied, have the following meanings:
.RS
.PD 0
.TP
.B \-n
Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories
to the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
.TP
\fB+\fP\fIn\fP
Rotates the stack so that the \fIn\fPth directory
(counting from the left of the list shown by
@@ -7365,10 +7377,6 @@ Rotates the stack so that the \fIn\fPth directory
.BR dirs ,
starting with zero) is at the top.
.TP
.B \-n
Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories
to the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
.TP
.I dir
Adds
.I dir
@@ -7545,7 +7553,7 @@ the return status is false.
Any command associated with the \fBRETURN\fP trap is executed
before execution resumes after the function or script.
.TP
\fBset\fP [\fB\-\-abefhkmnptuvxBCHP\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIoption\fP] [\fIarg\fP ...]
\fBset\fP [\fB\-\-abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIoption\fP] [\fIarg\fP ...]
Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are displayed
in a format that can be reused as input
for setting or resetting the currently-set variables.
@@ -7584,12 +7592,14 @@ or
.B until
keyword,
part of the test in an
.I if
.B if
statement, part of a
.B &&
or
.B \(bv\(bv
list, or if the command's return value is
list,
any command in a pipeline but the last,
or if the command's return value is
being inverted via
.BR ! .
A trap on \fBERR\fP, if set, is executed before the shell exits.
doc/bash.html
+44 -26
View File
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
</HEAD>
<BODY><TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2006 September 28<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2006 November 27<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
@@ -1829,7 +1829,9 @@ An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
currently in the execution call stack.
The element with index 0 is the name of any currently-executing
shell function.
The bottom-most element is &quot;main&quot;.
The bottom-most element is
<TT>&quot;main&quot;</TT>.
This variable exists only when a shell function is executing.
Assignments to
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>FUNCNAME</B>
@@ -3121,7 +3123,9 @@ index of the specified array.
Note that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by at least
one space to avoid being confused with the :- expansion.
Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional parameters
are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1.
are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1 by default.
If <I>offset</I> is 0, and the positional parameters are used, <B>$0</B> is
prefixed to the list.
<DT>${<B>!</B><I>prefix</I><B>*</B>}<DD>
<DT>${<B>!</B><I>prefix</I><B>@</B>}<DD>
@@ -3132,6 +3136,8 @@ separated by the first character of the
</FONT>
special variable.
When <I>@</I> is used and the expansion appears within double quotes, each
variable name expands to a separate word.
<DT>${<B>!</B><I>name</I>[<I>@</I>]}<DD>
<DT>${<B>!</B><I>name</I>[<I>*</I>]}<DD>
@@ -7774,8 +7780,10 @@ Resume each suspended job <I>jobspec</I> in the background, as if it
had been started with
<B>&amp;</B>.
If <I>jobspec</I> is not present, the shell's notion of the
<I>current job</I> is used.
If
<I>jobspec</I>
is not present, the shell's notion of the <I>current job</I> is used.
<B>bg</B>
<I>jobspec</I>
@@ -8398,10 +8406,13 @@ Mark <I>name</I>s for export to subsequent commands via the environment.
<P>
Using `+' instead of `-'
turns off the attribute instead, with the exception that <B>+a</B>
may not be used to destroy an array variable. When used in a function,
turns off the attribute instead,
with the exceptions that <B>+a</B>
may not be used to destroy an array variable and <B>+r will not
remove the readonly attribute.
When used in a function,
makes each
<I>name</I> local, as with the
</B><I>name</I> local, as with the
<B>local</B>
command.
@@ -8422,7 +8433,7 @@ an attempt is made to turn off array status for an array variable,
or an attempt is made to display a non-existent function with <B>-f</B>.
</DL>
<DT><B>dirs [-clpv</B>] [+<I>n</I>] [-<I>n</I>]
<DT><B>dirs [+</B><I>n</I>] [-<I>n</I>] [<B>-cplv</B>]
<DD>
Without options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.
@@ -8482,6 +8493,11 @@ Without options, each
<I>jobspec</I>
is removed from the table of active jobs.
If
<I>jobspec</I>
is not present, and neither <B>-a nor -r</B> is supplied,
the shell's notion of the <I>current job</I> is used.
If the <B>-h</B> option is given, each
<I>jobspec</I>
@@ -8669,7 +8685,7 @@ If the
<B>-l</B>
option is supplied,
the shell places a dash at the beginning of the zeroth arg passed to
the shell places a dash at the beginning of the zeroth argument passed to
<I>command</I>.
This is what
@@ -9359,6 +9375,11 @@ Arguments, if supplied, have the following meanings:
<DL COMPACT><DT><DD>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><B>-n</B>
<DD>
Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing directories
from the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
<DT><B>+</B><I>n</I><DD>
Removes the <I>n</I>th entry counting from the left of the list
shown by
@@ -9383,11 +9404,6 @@ removes the last directory,
<TT>popd -1</TT>
the next to last.
<DT><B>-n</B>
<DD>
Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing directories
from the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
</DL>
<P>
@@ -9430,10 +9446,10 @@ If the <I>format</I> requires more <I>arguments</I> than are supplied, the
extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as
appropriate, had been supplied. The return value is zero on success,
non-zero on failure.
<DT><B>pushd</B> [<B>-n</B>] [<I>dir</I>]<DD>
<DT><B>pushd</B> [<B>-n</B>] [+<I>n</I>] [-<I>n</I>]<DD>
<DT><B>pushd</B> [<B>-n</B>] [<I>dir</I>]<DD>
Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories
@@ -9442,6 +9458,11 @@ Arguments, if supplied, have the following meanings:
<DL COMPACT><DT><DD>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><B>-n</B>
<DD>
Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories
to the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
<DT><B>+</B><I>n</I><DD>
Rotates the stack so that the <I>n</I>th directory
(counting from the left of the list shown by
@@ -9455,11 +9476,6 @@ Rotates the stack so that the <I>n</I>th directory
<B>dirs</B>,
starting with zero) is at the top.
<DT><B>-n</B>
<DD>
Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories
to the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
<DT><I>dir</I>
<DD>
@@ -9732,7 +9748,7 @@ or
keyword,
part of the test in an
<I>if</I>
<B>if</B>
statement, part of a
<B>&amp;&amp;</B>
@@ -9740,7 +9756,9 @@ statement, part of a
or
<B>||</B>
list, or if the command's return value is
list,
any command in a pipeline but the last,
or if the command's return value is
being inverted via
<B>!</B>.
@@ -11433,7 +11451,7 @@ Array variables may not (yet) be exported.
<HR>
<TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-3.2<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2006 September 28<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-3.2<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2006 November 27<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<HR>
@@ -11537,6 +11555,6 @@ Array variables may not (yet) be exported.
</DL>
<HR>
This document was created by man2html from bash.1.<BR>
Time: 03 October 2006 08:54:31 EDT
Time: 12 December 2006 14:43:32 EST
</BODY>
</HTML>
doc/bash.ps
+1201 -1166
View File
File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff
doc/bashref.aux
+4 -4
View File
@@ -98,13 +98,13 @@
@xrdef{Process Substitution-pg}{22}
@xrdef{Process Substitution-snt}{Section@tie 3.5.6}
@xrdef{Word Splitting-title}{Word Splitting}
@xrdef{Word Splitting-pg}{22}
@xrdef{Word Splitting-pg}{23}
@xrdef{Word Splitting-snt}{Section@tie 3.5.7}
@xrdef{Filename Expansion-title}{Filename Expansion}
@xrdef{Filename Expansion-pg}{23}
@xrdef{Filename Expansion-snt}{Section@tie 3.5.8}
@xrdef{Pattern Matching-title}{Pattern Matching}
@xrdef{Pattern Matching-pg}{23}
@xrdef{Pattern Matching-pg}{24}
@xrdef{Pattern Matching-snt}{Section@tie 3.5.8.1}
@xrdef{Quote Removal-title}{Quote Removal}
@xrdef{Quote Removal-pg}{25}
@@ -122,10 +122,10 @@
@xrdef{Command Search and Execution-pg}{29}
@xrdef{Command Search and Execution-snt}{Section@tie 3.7.2}
@xrdef{Command Execution Environment-title}{Command Execution Environment}
@xrdef{Command Execution Environment-pg}{29}
@xrdef{Command Execution Environment-pg}{30}
@xrdef{Command Execution Environment-snt}{Section@tie 3.7.3}
@xrdef{Environment-title}{Environment}
@xrdef{Environment-pg}{30}
@xrdef{Environment-pg}{31}
@xrdef{Environment-snt}{Section@tie 3.7.4}
@xrdef{Exit Status-title}{Exit Status}
@xrdef{Exit Status-pg}{31}
doc/bashref.cp
+5 -5
View File
@@ -54,19 +54,19 @@
\entry{expansion, arithmetic}{22}{expansion, arithmetic}
\entry{arithmetic expansion}{22}{arithmetic expansion}
\entry{process substitution}{22}{process substitution}
\entry{word splitting}{22}{word splitting}
\entry{word splitting}{23}{word splitting}
\entry{expansion, filename}{23}{expansion, filename}
\entry{expansion, pathname}{23}{expansion, pathname}
\entry{filename expansion}{23}{filename expansion}
\entry{pathname expansion}{23}{pathname expansion}
\entry{pattern matching}{23}{pattern matching}
\entry{matching, pattern}{23}{matching, pattern}
\entry{pattern matching}{24}{pattern matching}
\entry{matching, pattern}{24}{matching, pattern}
\entry{redirection}{25}{redirection}
\entry{command expansion}{28}{command expansion}
\entry{command execution}{29}{command execution}
\entry{command search}{29}{command search}
\entry{execution environment}{29}{execution environment}
\entry{environment}{30}{environment}
\entry{execution environment}{30}{execution environment}
\entry{environment}{31}{environment}
\entry{exit status}{31}{exit status}
\entry{signal handling}{31}{signal handling}
\entry{shell script}{32}{shell script}
doc/bashref.cps
+5 -5
View File
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@
\entry {directory stack}{77}
\initial {E}
\entry {editing command lines}{89}
\entry {environment}{30}
\entry {environment}{31}
\entry {evaluation, arithmetic}{74}
\entry {event designators}{117}
\entry {execution environment}{29}
\entry {execution environment}{30}
\entry {exit status}{3, 31}
\entry {expansion}{17}
\entry {expansion, arithmetic}{22}
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
\entry {localization}{7}
\entry {login shell}{69}
\initial {M}
\entry {matching, pattern}{23}
\entry {matching, pattern}{24}
\entry {metacharacter}{3}
\initial {N}
\entry {name}{3}
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
\entry {parameters, positional}{15}
\entry {parameters, special}{16}
\entry {pathname expansion}{23}
\entry {pattern matching}{23}
\entry {pattern matching}{24}
\entry {pipeline}{8}
\entry {POSIX}{3}
\entry {POSIX Mode}{80}
@@ -131,6 +131,6 @@
\entry {variables, readline}{93}
\initial {W}
\entry {word}{4}
\entry {word splitting}{22}
\entry {word splitting}{23}
\initial {Y}
\entry {yanking text}{91}
doc/bashref.dvi
BIN
View File
Binary file not shown.
doc/bashref.html
+35 -27
View File
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
<HTML>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<!-- Created on September, 28 2006 by texi2html 1.64 -->
<!-- Created on December, 12 2006 by texi2html 1.64 -->
<!--
Written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author)
Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ Send bugs and suggestions to <texi2html@mathematik.uni-kl.de>
<H1>Bash Reference Manual</H1></P><P>
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
the Bash shell (version 3.2, 28 September 2006).
the Bash shell (version 3.2, 27 November 2006).
</P><P>
This is Edition 3.2, last updated 28 September 2006,
This is Edition 3.2, last updated 27 November 2006,
of <CITE>The GNU Bash Reference Manual</CITE>,
for <CODE>Bash</CODE>, Version 3.2.
</P><P>
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ and symbols are expanded to create larger expressions.
A Unix shell is both a command interpreter and a programming
language. As a command interpreter, the shell provides the user
interface to the rich set of GNU utilities. The programming
language features allow these utilitites to be combined.
language features allow these utilities to be combined.
Files containing commands can be created, and become
commands themselves. These new commands have the same status as
system commands in directories such as <TT>`/bin'</TT>, allowing users
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ group ID.
<DT><CODE>process group ID</CODE>
<DD><A NAME="IDX14"></A>
A unique identifer that represents a <CODE>process group</CODE>
A unique identifier that represents a <CODE>process group</CODE>
during its lifetime.
<P>
@@ -1236,7 +1236,7 @@ The list of words following <CODE>in</CODE> is expanded, generating a list
of items. The set of expanded words is printed on the standard
error output stream, each preceded by a number. If the
<SAMP>`in <VAR>words</VAR>'</SAMP> is omitted, the positional parameters are printed,
as if <SAMP>`in "$@"'</SAMP> had been specifed.
as if <SAMP>`in "$@"'</SAMP> had been specified.
The <CODE>PS3</CODE> prompt is then displayed and a line is read from the
standard input.
If the line consists of a number corresponding to one of the displayed
@@ -1865,7 +1865,7 @@ This mechanism is similar to
<VAR>filename expansion</VAR> (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC35">3.5.8 Filename Expansion</A>),
but the file names generated need not exist.
Patterns to be brace expanded take the form of an optional <VAR>preamble</VAR>,
followed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a sequnce expression
followed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a seqeunce expression
between a pair of braces,
followed by an optional <VAR>postscript</VAR>.
The preamble is prefixed to each string contained within the braces, and
@@ -2139,13 +2139,17 @@ index of the specified array.
Note that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by at least
one space to avoid being confused with the <SAMP>`:-'</SAMP> expansion.
Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional parameters
are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1.
are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1 by default.
If <VAR>offset</VAR> is 0, and the positional parameters are used, <CODE>$@</CODE> is
prefixed to the list.
</P><P>
<DT><CODE>${!<VAR>prefix</VAR>*}</CODE>
<DD><DT><CODE>${!<VAR>prefix</VAR>@}</CODE>
<DD>Expands to the names of variables whose names begin with <VAR>prefix</VAR>,
separated by the first character of the <CODE>IFS</CODE> special variable.
When <SAMP>`@'</SAMP> is used and the expansion appears within double quotes, each
variable name expands to a separate word.
<P>
<DT><CODE>${!<VAR>name</VAR>[@]}</CODE>
@@ -3713,7 +3717,7 @@ zero.
</pre></td></tr></table>If <VAR>command</VAR>
is supplied, it replaces the shell without creating a new process.
If the <SAMP>`-l'</SAMP> option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the
beginning of the zeroth arg passed to <VAR>command</VAR>.
beginning of the zeroth argument passed to <VAR>command</VAR>.
This is what the <CODE>login</CODE> program does.
The <SAMP>`-c'</SAMP> option causes <VAR>command</VAR> to be executed with an empty
environment.
@@ -4133,7 +4137,7 @@ key and function bindings,
bind a key sequence to a Readline function or macro,
or set a Readline variable.
Each non-option argument is a command as it would appear in a
a Readline initialization file (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC99">8.3 Readline Init File</A>),
Readline initialization file (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC99">8.3 Readline Init File</A>),
but each binding or command must be passed as a separate argument; e.g.,
<SAMP>`"\C-x\C-r":re-read-init-file'</SAMP>.
Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
@@ -4328,7 +4332,10 @@ the environment.
</DL>
<P>
Using <SAMP>`+'</SAMP> instead of <SAMP>`-'</SAMP> turns off the attribute instead.
Using <SAMP>`+'</SAMP> instead of <SAMP>`-'</SAMP> turns off the attribute instead,
with the exceptions that <SAMP>`+a'</SAMP>
may not be used to destroy an array variable and <SAMP>`+r'</SAMP> will not
remove the readonly attribute.
When used in a function, <CODE>declare</CODE> makes each <VAR>name</VAR> local,
as with the <CODE>local</CODE> command. If a variable name is followed by
=<VAR>value</VAR>, the value of the variable is set to <VAR>value</VAR>.
@@ -5106,10 +5113,11 @@ immediately, rather than before printing the next primary prompt.
<DT><CODE>-e</CODE>
<DD>Exit immediately if a simple command (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC16">3.2.1 Simple Commands</A>) exits
with a non-zero status, unless the command that fails is part of the
command list immediately following a <CODE>while</CODE> or <CODE>until</CODE>
keyword, part of the test in an <CODE>if</CODE> statement,
part of a <CODE>&#38;&#38;</CODE> or <CODE>||</CODE> list, or if the command's return
status is being inverted using <CODE>!</CODE>.
command list immediately following a <CODE>while</CODE> or <CODE>until</CODE> keyword,
part of the test in an <CODE>if</CODE> statement,
part of a <CODE>&#38;&#38;</CODE> or <CODE>||</CODE> list,
any command in a pipeline but the last,
or if the command's return status is being inverted using <CODE>!</CODE>.
A trap on <CODE>ERR</CODE>, if set, is executed before the shell exits.
<P>
@@ -5848,7 +5856,7 @@ An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
currently in the execution call stack.
The element with index 0 is the name of any currently-executing
shell function.
The bottom-most element is "main".
The bottom-most element is <CODE>"main"</CODE>.
This variable exists only when a shell function is executing.
Assignments to <CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE> have no effect and return an error status.
If <CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE> is unset, it loses its special properties, even if
@@ -6302,7 +6310,7 @@ if input does not arrive after <CODE>TMOUT</CODE> seconds when input is coming
from a terminal.
<P>
In an interative shell, the value is interpreted as
In an interactive shell, the value is interpreted as
the number of seconds to wait for input after issuing the primary
prompt when the shell is interactive.
Bash terminates after that number of seconds if input does
@@ -6415,7 +6423,7 @@ Equivalent to <SAMP>`-D'</SAMP> except for the output format.
<P>
<DT><CODE>--help</CODE>
<DD>Display a usage message on standard output and exit sucessfully.
<DD>Display a usage message on standard output and exit successfully.
<P>
<DT><CODE>--init-file <VAR>filename</VAR></CODE>
@@ -6582,7 +6590,7 @@ in the script. If no commands are executed, the exit status is 0.
<!--docid::SEC66::-->
<P>
This section describs how Bash executes its startup files.
This section describes how Bash executes its startup files.
If any of the files exist but cannot be read, Bash reports an error.
Tildes are expanded in file names as described above under
Tilde Expansion (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC29">3.5.2 Tilde Expansion</A>).
@@ -6765,7 +6773,7 @@ the same, but the effective user id is not reset.
An interactive shell
is one started without non-option arguments, unless <SAMP>`-s'</SAMP> is
specified, without specifiying the <SAMP>`-c'</SAMP> option, and
specified, without specifying the <SAMP>`-c'</SAMP> option, and
whose input and error output are both
connected to terminals (as determined by <CODE>isatty(3)</CODE>),
or one started with the <SAMP>`-i'</SAMP> option.
@@ -6902,7 +6910,7 @@ In the absence of any traps, <CODE>SIGINT</CODE> is caught and handled
<LI>
An interactive login shell sends a <CODE>SIGHUP</CODE> to all jobs on exit
if the <CODE>hupoxexit</CODE> shell option has been enabled (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC54">3.7.6 Signals</A>).
if the <CODE>huponexit</CODE> shell option has been enabled (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC54">3.7.6 Signals</A>).
<P>
<LI>
@@ -7578,7 +7586,7 @@ from the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
<A NAME="IDX274"></A>
<DT><CODE>pushd</CODE>
<DD><TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>pushd [<VAR>dir</VAR> | <VAR>+N</VAR> | <VAR>-N</VAR>] [-n]
<DD><TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>pushd [-n] [<VAR>+N</VAR> | <VAR>-N</VAR> | <VAR>dir</VAR> ]
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
Save the current directory on the top of the directory stack
@@ -7587,6 +7595,9 @@ With no arguments, <CODE>pushd</CODE> exchanges the top two directories.
</P><P>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><CODE>-n</CODE>
<DD>Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories
to the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
<DT><CODE>+<VAR>N</VAR></CODE>
<DD>Brings the <VAR>N</VAR>th directory (counting from the left of the
list printed by <CODE>dirs</CODE>, starting with zero) to the top of
@@ -7595,9 +7606,6 @@ the list by rotating the stack.
<DD>Brings the <VAR>N</VAR>th directory (counting from the right of the
list printed by <CODE>dirs</CODE>, starting with zero) to the top of
the list by rotating the stack.
<DT><CODE>-n</CODE>
<DD>Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories
to the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
<DT><CODE><VAR>dir</VAR></CODE>
<DD>Makes the current working directory be the top of the stack, and then
executes the equivalent of `<CODE>cd</CODE> <VAR>dir</VAR>'.
@@ -15136,7 +15144,7 @@ to permit their use in free software.
<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="bashref.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H1>About this document</H1>
This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>September, 28 2006</I>
This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>December, 12 2006</I>
using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
"><I>texi2html</I></A>
<P></P>
@@ -15298,7 +15306,7 @@ the following structure:
<BR>
<FONT SIZE="-1">
This document was generated
by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>September, 28 2006</I>
by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>December, 12 2006</I>
using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
"><I>texi2html</I></A>
doc/bashref.info
+184 -177
View File
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.7 from
This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.8 from
/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi.
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
the Bash shell (version 3.2, 28 September 2006).
the Bash shell (version 3.2, 27 November 2006).
This is Edition 3.2, last updated 28 September 2006, of `The GNU
Bash Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.2.
This is Edition 3.2, last updated 27 November 2006, of `The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.2.
Copyright (C) 1988-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@ Bash Features
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
the Bash shell (version 3.2, 28 September 2006).
the Bash shell (version 3.2, 27 November 2006).
This is Edition 3.2, last updated 28 September 2006, of `The GNU
Bash Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.2.
This is Edition 3.2, last updated 27 November 2006, of `The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.2.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
features that only appear in Bash. Some of the shells that Bash has
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ symbols are expanded to create larger expressions.
A Unix shell is both a command interpreter and a programming
language. As a command interpreter, the shell provides the user
interface to the rich set of GNU utilities. The programming language
features allow these utilitites to be combined. Files containing
features allow these utilities to be combined. Files containing
commands can be created, and become commands themselves. These new
commands have the same status as system commands in directories such as
`/bin', allowing users or groups to establish custom environments to
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ These definitions are used throughout the remainder of this manual.
group ID.
`process group ID'
A unique identifer that represents a `process group' during its
A unique identifier that represents a `process group' during its
lifetime.
`reserved word'
@@ -793,7 +793,7 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: Conditional Constructs, Next: Command Grouping, Pre
items. The set of expanded words is printed on the standard error
output stream, each preceded by a number. If the `in WORDS' is
omitted, the positional parameters are printed, as if `in "$@"'
had been specifed. The `PS3' prompt is then displayed and a line
had been specified. The `PS3' prompt is then displayed and a line
is read from the standard input. If the line consists of a number
corresponding to one of the displayed words, then the value of
NAME is set to that word. If the line is empty, the words and
@@ -1201,7 +1201,7 @@ Brace expansion is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings may be
generated. This mechanism is similar to FILENAME EXPANSION (*note
Filename Expansion::), but the file names generated need not exist.
Patterns to be brace expanded take the form of an optional PREAMBLE,
followed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a sequnce
followed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a seqeunce
expression between a pair of braces, followed by an optional POSTSCRIPT.
The preamble is prefixed to each string contained within the braces, and
the postscript is then appended to each resulting string, expanding left
@@ -1387,12 +1387,16 @@ if the colon is omitted, the operator tests only for existence.
that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by at least
one space to avoid being confused with the `:-' expansion.
Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional parameters
are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1.
are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1 by default. If
OFFSET is 0, and the positional parameters are used, `$@' is
prefixed to the list.
`${!PREFIX*}'
`${!PREFIX@}'
Expands to the names of variables whose names begin with PREFIX,
separated by the first character of the `IFS' special variable.
When `@' is used and the expansion appears within double quotes,
each variable name expands to a separate word.
`${!NAME[@]}'
`${!NAME[*]}'
@@ -2348,11 +2352,11 @@ standard.
exec [-cl] [-a NAME] [COMMAND [ARGUMENTS]]
If COMMAND is supplied, it replaces the shell without creating a
new process. If the `-l' option is supplied, the shell places a
dash at the beginning of the zeroth arg passed to COMMAND. This
is what the `login' program does. The `-c' option causes COMMAND
to be executed with an empty environment. If `-a' is supplied,
the shell passes NAME as the zeroth argument to COMMAND. If no
COMMAND is specified, redirections may be used to affect the
dash at the beginning of the zeroth argument passed to COMMAND.
This is what the `login' program does. The `-c' option causes
COMMAND to be executed with an empty environment. If `-a' is
supplied, the shell passes NAME as the zeroth argument to COMMAND.
If no COMMAND is specified, redirections may be used to affect the
current shell environment. If there are no redirection errors, the
return status is zero; otherwise the return status is non-zero.
@@ -2655,7 +2659,7 @@ POSIX standard.
Display current Readline (*note Command Line Editing::) key and
function bindings, bind a key sequence to a Readline function or
macro, or set a Readline variable. Each non-option argument is a
command as it would appear in a a Readline initialization file
command as it would appear in a Readline initialization file
(*note Readline Init File::), but each binding or command must be
passed as a separate argument; e.g.,
`"\C-x\C-r":re-read-init-file'. Options, if supplied, have the
@@ -2799,10 +2803,12 @@ POSIX standard.
Mark each NAME for export to subsequent commands via the
environment.
Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead. When
used in a function, `declare' makes each NAME local, as with the
`local' command. If a variable name is followed by =VALUE, the
value of the variable is set to VALUE.
Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with the
exceptions that `+a' may not be used to destroy an array variable
and `+r' will not remove the readonly attribute. When used in a
function, `declare' makes each NAME local, as with the `local'
command. If a variable name is followed by =VALUE, the value of
the variable is set to VALUE.
The return status is zero unless an invalid option is encountered,
an attempt is made to define a function using `-f foo=bar', an
@@ -3402,9 +3408,10 @@ This builtin is so complicated that it deserves its own section.
Commands::) exits with a non-zero status, unless the command
that fails is part of the command list immediately following
a `while' or `until' keyword, part of the test in an `if'
statement, part of a `&&' or `||' list, or if the command's
return status is being inverted using `!'. A trap on `ERR',
if set, is executed before the shell exits.
statement, part of a `&&' or `||' list, any command in a
pipeline but the last, or if the command's return status is
being inverted using `!'. A trap on `ERR', if set, is
executed before the shell exits.
`-f'
Disable file name generation (globbing).
@@ -3892,7 +3899,7 @@ Variables::).
An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
currently in the execution call stack. The element with index 0
is the name of any currently-executing shell function. The
bottom-most element is "main". This variable exists only when a
bottom-most element is `"main"'. This variable exists only when a
shell function is executing. Assignments to `FUNCNAME' have no
effect and return an error status. If `FUNCNAME' is unset, it
loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset.
@@ -4191,7 +4198,7 @@ Variables::).
if input does not arrive after `TMOUT' seconds when input is coming
from a terminal.
In an interative shell, the value is interpreted as the number of
In an interactive shell, the value is interpreted as the number of
seconds to wait for input after issuing the primary prompt when
the shell is interactive. Bash terminates after that number of
seconds if input does not arrive.
@@ -4261,7 +4268,7 @@ the single-character options to be recognized.
Equivalent to `-D'.
`--help'
Display a usage message on standard output and exit sucessfully.
Display a usage message on standard output and exit successfully.
`--init-file FILENAME'
`--rcfile FILENAME'
@@ -4378,7 +4385,7 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: Bash Startup Files, Next: Interactive Shells, Prev:
6.2 Bash Startup Files
======================
This section describs how Bash executes its startup files. If any of
This section describes how Bash executes its startup files. If any of
the files exist but cannot be read, Bash reports an error. Tildes are
expanded in file names as described above under Tilde Expansion (*note
Tilde Expansion::).
@@ -4502,9 +4509,9 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: What is an Interactive Shell?, Next: Is this Shell I
-----------------------------------
An interactive shell is one started without non-option arguments,
unless `-s' is specified, without specifiying the `-c' option, and
whose input and error output are both connected to terminals (as
determined by `isatty(3)'), or one started with the `-i' option.
unless `-s' is specified, without specifying the `-c' option, and whose
input and error output are both connected to terminals (as determined
by `isatty(3)'), or one started with the `-i' option.
An interactive shell generally reads from and writes to a user's
terminal.
@@ -4581,7 +4588,7 @@ several ways.
((*note Signals::). `SIGINT' will interrupt some shell builtins.
11. An interactive login shell sends a `SIGHUP' to all jobs on exit if
the `hupoxexit' shell option has been enabled (*note Signals::).
the `huponexit' shell option has been enabled (*note Signals::).
12. The `-n' invocation option is ignored, and `set -n' has no effect
(*note The Set Builtin::).
@@ -5042,12 +5049,17 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: Directory Stack Builtins, Up: The Directory Stack
manipulated.
`pushd'
pushd [DIR | +N | -N] [-n]
pushd [-n] [+N | -N | DIR ]
Save the current directory on the top of the directory stack and
then `cd' to DIR. With no arguments, `pushd' exchanges the top
two directories.
`-n'
Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
`+N'
Brings the Nth directory (counting from the left of the list
printed by `dirs', starting with zero) to the top of the list
@@ -5058,11 +5070,6 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: Directory Stack Builtins, Up: The Directory Stack
printed by `dirs', starting with zero) to the top of the list
by rotating the stack.
`-n'
Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
`DIR'
Makes the current working directory be the top of the stack,
and then executes the equivalent of ``cd' DIR'. `cd's to DIR.
@@ -8994,8 +9001,8 @@ Index of Shell Builtin Commands
(line 7)
* disown: Job Control Builtins.
(line 83)
* echo: Bash Builtins. (line 191)
* enable: Bash Builtins. (line 243)
* echo: Bash Builtins. (line 193)
* enable: Bash Builtins. (line 245)
* eval: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 63)
* exec: Bourne Shell Builtins.
@@ -9012,24 +9019,24 @@ Index of Shell Builtin Commands
(line 103)
* hash: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 145)
* help: Bash Builtins. (line 271)
* help: Bash Builtins. (line 273)
* history: Bash History Builtins.
(line 39)
* jobs: Job Control Builtins.
(line 25)
* kill: Job Control Builtins.
(line 57)
* let: Bash Builtins. (line 280)
* local: Bash Builtins. (line 287)
* logout: Bash Builtins. (line 297)
* let: Bash Builtins. (line 282)
* local: Bash Builtins. (line 289)
* logout: Bash Builtins. (line 299)
* popd: Directory Stack Builtins.
(line 37)
* printf: Bash Builtins. (line 301)
* printf: Bash Builtins. (line 303)
* pushd: Directory Stack Builtins.
(line 58)
* pwd: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 163)
* read: Bash Builtins. (line 326)
* read: Bash Builtins. (line 328)
* readonly: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 172)
* return: Bourne Shell Builtins.
@@ -9037,8 +9044,8 @@ Index of Shell Builtin Commands
* set: The Set Builtin. (line 9)
* shift: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 200)
* shopt: Bash Builtins. (line 387)
* source: Bash Builtins. (line 618)
* shopt: Bash Builtins. (line 389)
* source: Bash Builtins. (line 620)
* suspend: Job Control Builtins.
(line 94)
* test: Bourne Shell Builtins.
@@ -9047,12 +9054,12 @@ Index of Shell Builtin Commands
(line 278)
* trap: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 283)
* type: Bash Builtins. (line 622)
* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 653)
* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 659)
* type: Bash Builtins. (line 624)
* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 655)
* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 661)
* umask: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 324)
* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 737)
* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 739)
* unset: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 341)
* wait: Job Control Builtins.
@@ -9524,129 +9531,129 @@ Concept Index

Tag Table:
Node: Top1359
Node: Introduction3442
Node: What is Bash?3670
Node: What is a shell?4783
Node: Definitions7324
Node: Basic Shell Features10091
Node: Shell Syntax11310
Node: Shell Operation12340
Node: Quoting13634
Node: Escape Character14937
Node: Single Quotes15422
Node: Double Quotes15770
Node: ANSI-C Quoting16895
Node: Locale Translation17851
Node: Comments18747
Node: Shell Commands19361
Node: Simple Commands20127
Node: Pipelines20758
Node: Lists22633
Node: Compound Commands24264
Node: Looping Constructs25048
Node: Conditional Constructs27495
Node: Command Grouping34954
Node: Shell Functions36403
Node: Shell Parameters40812
Node: Positional Parameters43142
Node: Special Parameters44042
Node: Shell Expansions47006
Node: Brace Expansion48931
Node: Tilde Expansion51256
Node: Shell Parameter Expansion53607
Node: Command Substitution61077
Node: Arithmetic Expansion62410
Node: Process Substitution63260
Node: Word Splitting64310
Node: Filename Expansion65771
Node: Pattern Matching67907
Node: Quote Removal71225
Node: Redirections71520
Node: Executing Commands79250
Node: Simple Command Expansion79920
Node: Command Search and Execution81850
Node: Command Execution Environment83856
Node: Environment86627
Node: Exit Status88287
Node: Signals89491
Node: Shell Scripts91455
Node: Shell Builtin Commands93973
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins95642
Node: Bash Builtins112744
Node: The Set Builtin142004
Node: Special Builtins150379
Node: Shell Variables151349
Node: Bourne Shell Variables151789
Node: Bash Variables153770
Node: Bash Features174084
Node: Invoking Bash174967
Node: Bash Startup Files180776
Node: Interactive Shells185634
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?186044
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?186694
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior187509
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions190785
Node: Shell Arithmetic194364
Node: Aliases197110
Node: Arrays199678
Node: The Directory Stack203027
Node: Directory Stack Builtins203741
Node: Printing a Prompt206632
Node: The Restricted Shell209346
Node: Bash POSIX Mode211178
Node: Job Control218937
Node: Job Control Basics219404
Node: Job Control Builtins223780
Node: Job Control Variables228107
Node: Command Line Editing229265
Node: Introduction and Notation230264
Node: Readline Interaction231886
Node: Readline Bare Essentials233077
Node: Readline Movement Commands234866
Node: Readline Killing Commands235831
Node: Readline Arguments237751
Node: Searching238795
Node: Readline Init File240981
Node: Readline Init File Syntax242128
Node: Conditional Init Constructs254459
Node: Sample Init File256992
Node: Bindable Readline Commands260109
Node: Commands For Moving261316
Node: Commands For History262177
Node: Commands For Text265332
Node: Commands For Killing268005
Node: Numeric Arguments270147
Node: Commands For Completion271286
Node: Keyboard Macros274879
Node: Miscellaneous Commands275450
Node: Readline vi Mode280761
Node: Programmable Completion281675
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins287467
Node: Using History Interactively295063
Node: Bash History Facilities295743
Node: Bash History Builtins298438
Node: History Interaction302295
Node: Event Designators304851
Node: Word Designators305866
Node: Modifiers307505
Node: Installing Bash308911
Node: Basic Installation310041
Node: Compilers and Options312733
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures313474
Node: Installation Names315138
Node: Specifying the System Type315956
Node: Sharing Defaults316672
Node: Operation Controls317345
Node: Optional Features318303
Node: Reporting Bugs327234
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell328428
Node: Copying This Manual345093
Node: GNU Free Documentation License345369
Node: Builtin Index367775
Node: Reserved Word Index374324
Node: Variable Index376760
Node: Function Index387693
Node: Concept Index394413
Node: Top1357
Node: Introduction3438
Node: What is Bash?3666
Node: What is a shell?4779
Node: Definitions7319
Node: Basic Shell Features10087
Node: Shell Syntax11306
Node: Shell Operation12336
Node: Quoting13630
Node: Escape Character14933
Node: Single Quotes15418
Node: Double Quotes15766
Node: ANSI-C Quoting16891
Node: Locale Translation17847
Node: Comments18743
Node: Shell Commands19357
Node: Simple Commands20123
Node: Pipelines20754
Node: Lists22629
Node: Compound Commands24260
Node: Looping Constructs25044
Node: Conditional Constructs27491
Node: Command Grouping34951
Node: Shell Functions36400
Node: Shell Parameters40809
Node: Positional Parameters43139
Node: Special Parameters44039
Node: Shell Expansions47003
Node: Brace Expansion48928
Node: Tilde Expansion51254
Node: Shell Parameter Expansion53605
Node: Command Substitution61305
Node: Arithmetic Expansion62638
Node: Process Substitution63488
Node: Word Splitting64538
Node: Filename Expansion65999
Node: Pattern Matching68135
Node: Quote Removal71453
Node: Redirections71748
Node: Executing Commands79478
Node: Simple Command Expansion80148
Node: Command Search and Execution82078
Node: Command Execution Environment84084
Node: Environment86855
Node: Exit Status88515
Node: Signals89719
Node: Shell Scripts91683
Node: Shell Builtin Commands94201
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins95870
Node: Bash Builtins112975
Node: The Set Builtin142367
Node: Special Builtins150792
Node: Shell Variables151762
Node: Bourne Shell Variables152202
Node: Bash Variables154183
Node: Bash Features174500
Node: Invoking Bash175383
Node: Bash Startup Files181193
Node: Interactive Shells186052
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?186462
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?187111
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior187926
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions191202
Node: Shell Arithmetic194781
Node: Aliases197527
Node: Arrays200095
Node: The Directory Stack203444
Node: Directory Stack Builtins204158
Node: Printing a Prompt207050
Node: The Restricted Shell209764
Node: Bash POSIX Mode211596
Node: Job Control219355
Node: Job Control Basics219822
Node: Job Control Builtins224198
Node: Job Control Variables228525
Node: Command Line Editing229683
Node: Introduction and Notation230682
Node: Readline Interaction232304
Node: Readline Bare Essentials233495
Node: Readline Movement Commands235284
Node: Readline Killing Commands236249
Node: Readline Arguments238169
Node: Searching239213
Node: Readline Init File241399
Node: Readline Init File Syntax242546
Node: Conditional Init Constructs254877
Node: Sample Init File257410
Node: Bindable Readline Commands260527
Node: Commands For Moving261734
Node: Commands For History262595
Node: Commands For Text265750
Node: Commands For Killing268423
Node: Numeric Arguments270565
Node: Commands For Completion271704
Node: Keyboard Macros275297
Node: Miscellaneous Commands275868
Node: Readline vi Mode281179
Node: Programmable Completion282093
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins287885
Node: Using History Interactively295481
Node: Bash History Facilities296161
Node: Bash History Builtins298856
Node: History Interaction302713
Node: Event Designators305269
Node: Word Designators306284
Node: Modifiers307923
Node: Installing Bash309329
Node: Basic Installation310459
Node: Compilers and Options313151
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures313892
Node: Installation Names315556
Node: Specifying the System Type316374
Node: Sharing Defaults317090
Node: Operation Controls317763
Node: Optional Features318721
Node: Reporting Bugs327652
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell328846
Node: Copying This Manual345511
Node: GNU Free Documentation License345787
Node: Builtin Index368193
Node: Reserved Word Index374742
Node: Variable Index377178
Node: Function Index388111
Node: Concept Index394831

End Tag Table
doc/bashref.log
+24 -24
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@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
This is TeX, Version 3.14159 (Web2C 7.4.5) (format=tex 2005.3.22) 28 SEP 2006 10:26
This is TeX, Version 3.141592 (Web2C 7.5.4) (format=tex 2006.11.28) 12 DEC 2006 14:43
**/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi
(/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi (./texinfo.tex
Loading texinfo [version 2003-02-03.16]: Basics,
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ cross references,
\auxfile=\write2
\savesfregister=\count46
\footnoteno=\count47
(/sw/share/texmf/tex/generic/misc/epsf.tex
(/sw/share/texmf-dist/tex/generic/epsf/epsf.tex
\epsffilein=\read0
\epsfframemargin=\dimen39
\epsfframethickness=\dimen40
@@ -119,18 +119,19 @@ cross references,
\epsfnoopenhelp=\toks24
)
\noepsfhelp=\toks25
localization,
localization,
\nolanghelp=\toks26
\defaultparindent=\dimen47
and turning on texinfo input format.) (./bashref.aux)
and turning on texinfo input format.) (./bashref.aux)
@cpindfile=@write3
@fnindfile=@write4
@vrindfile=@write5
@tpindfile=@write6
@kyindfile=@write7
@pgindfile=@write8
(./version.texi)
(./version.texi)
@btindfile=@write9
@rwindfile=@write10
[1
@@ -152,12 +153,11 @@ and turning on texinfo input format.) (./bashref.aux)
\openout10 = `bashref.rw'.
]
[2] (./bashref.toc [-1] [-2] [-3]) [-4] Chapter 1
] [2] (./bashref.toc [-1] [-2] [-3]) [-4] Chapter 1
\openout0 = `bashref.toc'.
[1] Chapter 2 [2] [3]
Chapter 3 [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10]
[1]
Chapter 2 [2] [3] Chapter 3 [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10]
Overfull \hbox (43.33539pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 845--845
[]@texttt case @textttsl word @texttt in [ [(] @textttsl pat-tern @texttt [| @
textttsl pat-tern@texttt ][]) @textttsl command-list @texttt ;;][] esac[][]
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ textttsl pat-tern@texttt ][]) @textttsl command-list @texttt ;;][] esac[][]
[11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25]
[26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] Chapter 4 [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38]
[39] [40] [41]
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@texttt emacs-meta[]@textrm , @texttt emacs-ctlx[]@textrm , @texttt vi[]@textr
m , @texttt vi-move[]@textrm , @texttt vi-command[]@textrm , and
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ m , @texttt vi-move[]@textrm , @texttt vi-command[]@textrm , and
.etc.
[42] [43] [44] [45]
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[]@texttt read [-ers] [-a @textttsl aname@texttt ] [-d @textttsl de-lim@texttt
] [-n @textttsl nchars@texttt ] [-p @textttsl prompt@texttt ] [-t @textttsl ti
me-
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ me-
.etc.
[46] [47] [48]
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Underfull \hbox (badness 2573) in paragraph at lines 3651--3655
[] []@textrm Error trac-ing is en-abled: com-mand sub-sti-tu-tion, shell
@hbox(7.60416+2.12917)x433.62, glue set 2.95305
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ Underfull \hbox (badness 2573) in paragraph at lines 3644--3648
[49] [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] Chapter 5 [56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61]
[62] [63] [64] Chapter 6 [65] [66]
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[]@texttt bash [long-opt] [-ir] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@t
exttt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ exttt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-
.etc.
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[]@texttt bash [long-opt] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@texttt
] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] -c @textttsl string @texttt [@textttsl ar
-
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ Overfull \hbox (76.23077pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4841--4841
.etc.
Overfull \hbox (34.72258pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4842--4842
Overfull \hbox (34.72258pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4850--4850
[]@texttt bash [long-opt] -s [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@text
tt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ tt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-
.etc.
[67] [68]
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[]@textrm When a lo-gin shell ex-its, Bash reads and ex-e-cutes com-mands from
the file
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ the file
.etc.
[69] [70] [71] [72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] [79] [80] [81] [82]
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@textrm `@texttt --enable-strict-posix-default[]@textrm '[] to @texttt configur
e[] @textrm when build-ing (see Sec-tion 10.8
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ Underfull \hbox (badness 2753) in paragraph at lines 1768--1771
[113]) (/Users/chet/src/bash/src/lib/readline/doc/hsuser.texi Chapter 9
[114] [115] [116] [117] [118]) Chapter 10 [119] [120] [121] [122] [123]
Underfull \hbox (badness 2772) in paragraph at lines 6724--6728
Underfull \hbox (badness 2772) in paragraph at lines 6732--6736
[]@textrm Enable sup-port for large files (@texttt http://www.sas.com/standard
s/large_
@@ -374,12 +374,12 @@ Overfull \vbox (42.26959pt too high) has occurred while \output is active
(./bashref.vrs [149]) (Function Index) [150] (./bashref.fns [151])
(Concept Index) [152] (./bashref.cps [153]) [154] )
Here is how much of TeX's memory you used:
1726 strings out of 98002
23501 string characters out of 1221987
52380 words of memory out of 1000001
1726 strings out of 97980
23516 string characters out of 1221004
52378 words of memory out of 1000000
2577 multiletter control sequences out of 10000+50000
31953 words of font info for 111 fonts, out of 500000 for 1000
31953 words of font info for 111 fonts, out of 500000 for 2000
19 hyphenation exceptions out of 1000
15i,8n,11p,269b,465s stack positions out of 1500i,500n,5000p,200000b,5000s
Output written on bashref.dvi (160 pages, 591312 bytes).
Output written on bashref.dvi (160 pages, 606064 bytes).
doc/bashref.ps
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doc/bashref.texi
+5 -5
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@@ -1600,7 +1600,7 @@ Note that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by at least
one space to avoid being confused with the @samp{:-} expansion.
Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional parameters
are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1 by default.
If @var{offset}} is 0, and the positional parameters are used, @code{$@@} is
If @var{offset} is 0, and the positional parameters are used, @code{$@@} is
prefixed to the list.
@item $@{!@var{prefix}*@}
@@ -2592,8 +2592,8 @@ under another shell.
* Bourne Shell Builtins:: Builtin commands inherited from the Bourne
Shell.
* Bash Builtins:: Table of builtins specific to Bash.
* The Set Builtin:: This builtin is so overloaded it
deserves its own section.
* The Set Builtin:: Change the values of shell attributes and
positional parameters.
* Special Builtins:: Builtin commands classified specially by
POSIX.
@end menu
@@ -3356,7 +3356,7 @@ the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value @var{HH}
@item enable
@btindex enable
@example
enable [-n] [-p] [-f @var{filename}] [-ads] [@var{name} @dots{}]
enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f @var{filename}] [@var{name} @dots{}]
@end example
Enable and disable builtin shell commands.
Disabling a builtin allows a disk command which has the same name
@@ -3942,7 +3942,7 @@ This builtin is so complicated that it deserves its own section.
@item set
@btindex set
@example
set [--abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o @var{option}] [@var{argument} @dots{}]
set [--abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT] [-o @var{option}] [@var{argument} @dots{}]
@end example
If no options or arguments are supplied, @code{set} displays the names
doc/bashref.texi~
+17 -13
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@@ -1600,7 +1600,7 @@ Note that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by at least
one space to avoid being confused with the @samp{:-} expansion.
Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional parameters
are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1 by default.
If @var{offset}} is 0, and the positional parameters are used, @code{$@@} is
If @var{offset} is 0, and the positional parameters are used, @code{$@@} is
prefixed to the list.
@item $@{!@var{prefix}*@}
@@ -2592,8 +2592,8 @@ under another shell.
* Bourne Shell Builtins:: Builtin commands inherited from the Bourne
Shell.
* Bash Builtins:: Table of builtins specific to Bash.
* The Set Builtin:: This builtin is so overloaded it
deserves its own section.
* The Set Builtin:: Change the values of shell attributes and
positional parameters.
* Special Builtins:: Builtin commands classified specially by
POSIX.
@end menu
@@ -3287,7 +3287,10 @@ Mark each @var{name} for export to subsequent commands via
the environment.
@end table
Using @samp{+} instead of @samp{-} turns off the attribute instead.
Using @samp{+} instead of @samp{-} turns off the attribute instead,
with the exceptions that @samp{+a}
may not be used to destroy an array variable and @samp{+r} will not
remove the readonly attribute.
When used in a function, @code{declare} makes each @var{name} local,
as with the @code{local} command. If a variable name is followed by
=@var{value}, the value of the variable is set to @var{value}.
@@ -3939,7 +3942,7 @@ This builtin is so complicated that it deserves its own section.
@item set
@btindex set
@example
set [--abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o @var{option}] [@var{argument} @dots{}]
set [--abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT] [-o @var{option}] [@var{argument} @dots{}]
@end example
If no options or arguments are supplied, @code{set} displays the names
@@ -3964,10 +3967,11 @@ immediately, rather than before printing the next primary prompt.
@item -e
Exit immediately if a simple command (@pxref{Simple Commands}) exits
with a non-zero status, unless the command that fails is part of the
command list immediately following a @code{while} or @code{until}
keyword, part of the test in an @code{if} statement,
part of a @code{&&} or @code{||} list, or if the command's return
status is being inverted using @code{!}.
command list immediately following a @code{while} or @code{until} keyword,
part of the test in an @code{if} statement,
part of a @code{&&} or @code{||} list,
any command in a pipeline but the last,
or if the command's return status is being inverted using @code{!}.
A trap on @code{ERR}, if set, is executed before the shell exits.
@item -f
@@ -5738,7 +5742,7 @@ from the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
@btindex pushd
@item pushd
@example
pushd [@var{dir} | @var{+N} | @var{-N}] [-n]
pushd [-n] [@var{+N} | @var{-N} | @var{dir} ]
@end example
Save the current directory on the top of the directory stack
@@ -5746,6 +5750,9 @@ and then @code{cd} to @var{dir}.
With no arguments, @code{pushd} exchanges the top two directories.
@table @code
@item -n
Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories
to the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
@item +@var{N}
Brings the @var{N}th directory (counting from the left of the
list printed by @code{dirs}, starting with zero) to the top of
@@ -5754,9 +5761,6 @@ the list by rotating the stack.
Brings the @var{N}th directory (counting from the right of the
list printed by @code{dirs}, starting with zero) to the top of
the list by rotating the stack.
@item -n
Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories
to the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
@item @var{dir}
Makes the current working directory be the top of the stack, and then
executes the equivalent of `@code{cd} @var{dir}'.
doc/bashref.toc
+1 -1
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@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
\subsecentry{Word Splitting}{3}{5}{7}{22}
\subsecentry{Filename Expansion}{3}{5}{8}{23}
\subsubsecentry{Pattern Matching}{3}{5}{8}{1}{23}
\subsecentry{Quote Removal}{3}{5}{9}{24}
\subsecentry{Quote Removal}{3}{5}{9}{25}
\secentry{Redirections}{3}{6}{25}
\subsecentry{Redirecting Input}{3}{6}{1}{26}
\subsecentry{Redirecting Output}{3}{6}{2}{26}
doc/builtins.0
+83 -80
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@@ -338,64 +338,67 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
environment.
Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with
the exception that ++aa may not be used to destroy an array vari-
able. When used in a function, makes each _n_a_m_e local, as with
the llooccaall command. If a variable name is followed by =_v_a_l_u_e,
the value of the variable is set to _v_a_l_u_e. The return value is
0 unless an invalid option is encountered, an attempt is made to
define a function using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to
assign a value to a readonly variable, an attempt is made to
assign a value to an array variable without using the compound
assignment syntax (see AArrrraayyss above), one of the _n_a_m_e_s is not a
valid shell variable name, an attempt is made to turn off read-
only status for a readonly variable, an attempt is made to turn
off array status for an array variable, or an attempt is made to
display a non-existent function with --ff.
the exceptions that ++aa may not be used to destroy an array vari-
able and ++rr wwiillll nnoott rreemmoovvee tthhee rreeaaddoonnllyy aattttrriibbuuttee.. WWhheenn uusseedd
iinn aa ffuunnccttiioonn,, mmaakkeess eeaacchh _n_a_m_e llooccaall,, aass wwiitthh tthhee llooccaall command.
If a variable name is followed by =_v_a_l_u_e, the value of the vari-
able is set to _v_a_l_u_e. The return value is 0 unless an invalid
option is encountered, an attempt is made to define a function
using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to assign a value to a
readonly variable, an attempt is made to assign a value to an
array variable without using the compound assignment syntax (see
AArrrraayyss above), one of the _n_a_m_e_s is not a valid shell variable
name, an attempt is made to turn off readonly status for a read-
only variable, an attempt is made to turn off array status for
an array variable, or an attempt is made to display a non-exis-
tent function with --ff.
ddiirrss [[--ccllppvv]] [[++_n]] [[--_n]]
Without options, displays the list of currently remembered
directories. The default display is on a single line with
directory names separated by spaces. Directories are added to
the list with the ppuusshhdd command; the ppooppdd command removes
ddiirrss [[++_n]] [[--_n]] [[--ccppllvv]]
Without options, displays the list of currently remembered
directories. The default display is on a single line with
directory names separated by spaces. Directories are added to
the list with the ppuusshhdd command; the ppooppdd command removes
entries from the list.
++_n Displays the _nth entry counting from the left of the list
shown by ddiirrss when invoked without options, starting with
zero.
--_n Displays the _nth entry counting from the right of the
--_n Displays the _nth entry counting from the right of the
list shown by ddiirrss when invoked without options, starting
with zero.
--cc Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the
entries.
--ll Produces a longer listing; the default listing format
--ll Produces a longer listing; the default listing format
uses a tilde to denote the home directory.
--pp Print the directory stack with one entry per line.
--vv Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
--vv Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
fixing each entry with its index in the stack.
The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _n
The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _n
indexes beyond the end of the directory stack.
ddiissoowwnn [--aarr] [--hh] [_j_o_b_s_p_e_c ...]
Without options, each _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is removed from the table of
active jobs. If the --hh option is given, each _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not
removed from the table, but is marked so that SSIIGGHHUUPP is not sent
to the job if the shell receives a SSIIGGHHUUPP. If no _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is
present, and neither the --aa nor the --rr option is supplied, the
_c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b is used. If no _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is supplied, the --aa option
means to remove or mark all jobs; the --rr option without a _j_o_b_-
_s_p_e_c argument restricts operation to running jobs. The return
value is 0 unless a _j_o_b_s_p_e_c does not specify a valid job.
Without options, each _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is removed from the table of
active jobs. If _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not present, and neither --aa nnoorr --rr
iiss ssuupppplliieedd,, tthhee sshheellll''ss nnoottiioonn ooff tthhee _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b iiss uusseedd.. IIff
tthhee --hh ooppttiioonn iiss ggiivveenn,, eeaacchh _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not removed from the ta-
ble, but is marked so that SSIIGGHHUUPP is not sent to the job if the
shell receives a SSIIGGHHUUPP. If no _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is present, and neither
the --aa nor the --rr option is supplied, the _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b is used.
If no _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is supplied, the --aa option means to remove or mark
all jobs; the --rr option without a _j_o_b_s_p_e_c argument restricts
operation to running jobs. The return value is 0 unless a _j_o_b_-
_s_p_e_c does not specify a valid job.
eecchhoo [--nneeEE] [_a_r_g ...]
Output the _a_r_gs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
Output the _a_r_gs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
The return status is always 0. If --nn is specified, the trailing
newline is suppressed. If the --ee option is given, interpreta-
tion of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
The --EE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
acters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
The xxppgg__eecchhoo shell option may be used to dynamically determine
whether or not eecchhoo expands these escape characters by default.
eecchhoo does not interpret ---- to mean the end of options. eecchhoo
newline is suppressed. If the --ee option is given, interpreta-
tion of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
The --EE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
acters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
The xxppgg__eecchhoo shell option may be used to dynamically determine
whether or not eecchhoo expands these escape characters by default.
eecchhoo does not interpret ---- to mean the end of options. eecchhoo
interprets the following escape sequences:
\\aa alert (bell)
\\bb backspace
@@ -407,52 +410,52 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
\\tt horizontal tab
\\vv vertical tab
\\\\ backslash
\\00_n_n_n the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
\\00_n_n_n the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
_n_n_n (zero to three octal digits)
\\xx_H_H the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
\\xx_H_H the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
value _H_H (one or two hex digits)
eennaabbllee [--aaddnnppss] [--ff _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e] [_n_a_m_e ...]
Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
allows a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin
to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
If --nn is used, each _n_a_m_e is disabled; otherwise, _n_a_m_e_s are
to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
If --nn is used, each _n_a_m_e is disabled; otherwise, _n_a_m_e_s are
enabled. For example, to use the tteesstt binary found via the PPAATTHH
instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
The --ff option means to load the new builtin command _n_a_m_e from
instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
The --ff option means to load the new builtin command _n_a_m_e from
shared object _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e, on systems that support dynamic loading.
The --dd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with --ff.
The --dd option will delete a builtin previously loaded with --ff.
If no _n_a_m_e arguments are given, or if the --pp option is supplied,
a list of shell builtins is printed. With no other option argu-
ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If --nn
is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If --aa is sup-
plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
tion of whether or not each is enabled. If --ss is supplied, the
output is restricted to the POSIX _s_p_e_c_i_a_l builtins. The return
value is 0 unless a _n_a_m_e is not a shell builtin or there is an
ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If --nn
is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed. If --aa is sup-
plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
tion of whether or not each is enabled. If --ss is supplied, the
output is restricted to the POSIX _s_p_e_c_i_a_l builtins. The return
value is 0 unless a _n_a_m_e is not a shell builtin or there is an
error loading a new builtin from a shared object.
eevvaall [_a_r_g ...]
The _a_r_gs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
its exit status is returned as the value of eevvaall. If there are
The _a_r_gs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
its exit status is returned as the value of eevvaall. If there are
no _a_r_g_s, or only null arguments, eevvaall returns 0.
eexxeecc [--ccll] [--aa _n_a_m_e] [_c_o_m_m_a_n_d [_a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s]]
If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
is created. The _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s become the arguments to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d. If
If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
is created. The _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s become the arguments to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d. If
the --ll option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the begin-
ning of the zeroth arg passed to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d. This is what _l_o_g_i_n(1)
does. The --cc option causes _c_o_m_m_a_n_d to be executed with an empty
environment. If --aa is supplied, the shell passes _n_a_m_e as the
zeroth argument to the executed command. If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d cannot be
executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits, unless
the shell option eexxeeccffaaiill is enabled, in which case it returns
failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the file can-
not be executed. If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is not specified, any redirections
take effect in the current shell, and the return status is 0.
If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
ning of the zeroth argument passed to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d. This is what
_l_o_g_i_n(1) does. The --cc option causes _c_o_m_m_a_n_d to be executed with
an empty environment. If --aa is supplied, the shell passes _n_a_m_e
as the zeroth argument to the executed command. If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d can-
not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
unless the shell option eexxeeccffaaiill is enabled, in which case it
returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
file cannot be executed. If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is not specified, any redi-
rections take effect in the current shell, and the return status
is 0. If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
eexxiitt [_n]
Cause the shell to exit with a status of _n. If _n is omitted,
@@ -692,6 +695,9 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a ccdd to
the new top directory. Arguments, if supplied, have the follow-
ing meanings:
--nn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
++_n Removes the _nth entry counting from the left of the list
shown by ddiirrss, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+0'' removes the first directory, ``popd +1'' the second.
@@ -699,9 +705,6 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
shown by ddiirrss, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
-0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
last.
--nn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
If the ppooppdd command is successful, a ddiirrss is performed as well,
and the return status is 0. ppooppdd returns false if an invalid
@@ -733,22 +736,22 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
value is zero on success, non-zero on failure.
ppuusshhdd [--nn] [_d_i_r]
ppuusshhdd [--nn] [+_n] [-_n]
ppuusshhdd [--nn] [_d_i_r]
Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories
and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
if supplied, have the following meanings:
--nn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
++_n Rotates the stack so that the _nth directory (counting
from the left of the list shown by ddiirrss, starting with
zero) is at the top.
--_n Rotates the stack so that the _nth directory (counting
from the right of the list shown by ddiirrss, starting with
zero) is at the top.
--nn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
_d_i_r Adds _d_i_r to the directory stack at the top, making it the
new current working directory.
@@ -863,10 +866,10 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
above) exits with a non-zero status. The shell does not
exit if the command that fails is part of the command
list immediately following a wwhhiillee or uunnttiill keyword,
part of the test in an _i_f statement, part of a &&&& or ||||
list, or if the command's return value is being inverted
via !!. A trap on EERRRR, if set, is executed before the
shell exits.
part of the test in an iiff statement, part of a &&&& or ||||
list, any command in a pipeline but the last, or if the
command's return value is being inverted via !!. A trap
on EERRRR, if set, is executed before the shell exits.
--ff Disable pathname expansion.
--hh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
for execution. This is enabled by default.
doc/builtins.ps
+1163 -1160
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doc/faq.headers.mail
+1 -1
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@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
From: chet@po.cwru.edu (Chet Ramey)
To: bug-bash@gnu.org
Subject: BASH Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ version 3.34)
Subject: BASH Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ version 3.35)
Reply-To: chet@po.cwru.edu
doc/faq.headers.news
+1 -1
View File
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
Newsgroups: comp.unix.shell,comp.unix.questions
Distribution: world
From: chet@po.cwru.edu (Chet Ramey)
Subject: BASH Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ version 3.34)
Subject: BASH Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ version 3.35)
Organization: Case Western Reserve University
Summary: A's to Q's about BASH, the Bourne-Again SHell
Reply-To: chet@po.cwru.edu
doc/faq.headers.news2
+1 -1
View File
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
Newsgroups: comp.unix.shell,comp.unix.questions,comp.answers,news.answers
From: chet@po.cwru.edu (Chet Ramey)
Subject: [gnu.bash.bug] BASH Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ version 3.34)
Subject: [gnu.bash.bug] BASH Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ version 3.35)
Organization: Case Western Reserve University
Summary: A's to Q's about BASH, the Bourne-Again SHell
Reply-To: chet@po.cwru.edu
doc/faq.mail
+6 -6
View File
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
From: chet@po.cwru.edu (Chet Ramey)
To: bug-bash@gnu.org
Subject: BASH Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ version 3.34)
Subject: BASH Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ version 3.35)
Reply-To: chet@po.cwru.edu
Archive-name: unix-faq/shell/bash
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Submitted-By: chet@po.cwru.edu (Chet Ramey)
Last-Modified: Tue Oct 10 10:15:38 EDT 2006
FAQ-Version: 3.34
Last-Modified: Thu Dec 14 11:34:54 EST 2006
FAQ-Version: 3.35
Bash-Version: 3.2
URL: ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/FAQ
Maintainer: chet@po.cwru.edu (Chet Ramey)
This is the Bash FAQ, version 3.34, for Bash version 3.2.
This is the Bash FAQ, version 3.35, for Bash version 3.2.
This document contains a set of frequently-asked questions concerning
Bash, the GNU Bourne-Again Shell. Bash is a freely-available command
@@ -1805,8 +1805,8 @@ it in fine bookstores near you. This edition of the book has been updated
to cover bash-3.0.
The GNU Bash Reference Manual has been published as a printed book by
Network Theory Ltd (Paperback, ISBN: 0-9541617-7-7, Feb 2003). It covers
bash-2.0 and is available from most online bookstores (see
Network Theory Ltd (Paperback, ISBN: 0-9541617-7-7, Nov. 2006). It covers
bash-3.2 and is available from most online bookstores (see
http://www.network-theory.co.uk/bash/manual/ for details). The publisher
will donate $1 to the Free Software Foundation for each copy sold.
doc/faq.news
+6 -6
View File
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
Newsgroups: comp.unix.shell,comp.unix.questions
Distribution: world
From: chet@po.cwru.edu (Chet Ramey)
Subject: BASH Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ version 3.34)
Subject: BASH Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ version 3.35)
Organization: Case Western Reserve University
Summary: A's to Q's about BASH, the Bourne-Again SHell
Reply-To: chet@po.cwru.edu
@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ Followup-To: poster
Archive-name: unix-faq/shell/bash
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Submitted-By: chet@po.cwru.edu (Chet Ramey)
Last-Modified: Tue Oct 10 10:15:38 EDT 2006
FAQ-Version: 3.34
Last-Modified: Thu Dec 14 11:34:54 EST 2006
FAQ-Version: 3.35
Bash-Version: 3.2
URL: ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/FAQ
Maintainer: chet@po.cwru.edu (Chet Ramey)
This is the Bash FAQ, version 3.34, for Bash version 3.2.
This is the Bash FAQ, version 3.35, for Bash version 3.2.
This document contains a set of frequently-asked questions concerning
Bash, the GNU Bourne-Again Shell. Bash is a freely-available command
@@ -1809,8 +1809,8 @@ it in fine bookstores near you. This edition of the book has been updated
to cover bash-3.0.
The GNU Bash Reference Manual has been published as a printed book by
Network Theory Ltd (Paperback, ISBN: 0-9541617-7-7, Feb 2003). It covers
bash-2.0 and is available from most online bookstores (see
Network Theory Ltd (Paperback, ISBN: 0-9541617-7-7, Nov. 2006). It covers
bash-3.2 and is available from most online bookstores (see
http://www.network-theory.co.uk/bash/manual/ for details). The publisher
will donate $1 to the Free Software Foundation for each copy sold.
doc/faq.news2
+6 -6
View File
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
Newsgroups: comp.unix.shell,comp.unix.questions,comp.answers,news.answers
From: chet@po.cwru.edu (Chet Ramey)
Subject: [gnu.bash.bug] BASH Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ version 3.34)
Subject: [gnu.bash.bug] BASH Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ version 3.35)
Organization: Case Western Reserve University
Summary: A's to Q's about BASH, the Bourne-Again SHell
Reply-To: chet@po.cwru.edu
@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.EDU
Archive-name: unix-faq/shell/bash
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Submitted-By: chet@po.cwru.edu (Chet Ramey)
Last-Modified: Tue Oct 10 10:15:38 EDT 2006
FAQ-Version: 3.34
Last-Modified: Thu Dec 14 11:34:54 EST 2006
FAQ-Version: 3.35
Bash-Version: 3.2
URL: ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/FAQ
Maintainer: chet@po.cwru.edu (Chet Ramey)
This is the Bash FAQ, version 3.34, for Bash version 3.2.
This is the Bash FAQ, version 3.35, for Bash version 3.2.
This document contains a set of frequently-asked questions concerning
Bash, the GNU Bourne-Again Shell. Bash is a freely-available command
@@ -1809,8 +1809,8 @@ it in fine bookstores near you. This edition of the book has been updated
to cover bash-3.0.
The GNU Bash Reference Manual has been published as a printed book by
Network Theory Ltd (Paperback, ISBN: 0-9541617-7-7, Feb 2003). It covers
bash-2.0 and is available from most online bookstores (see
Network Theory Ltd (Paperback, ISBN: 0-9541617-7-7, Nov. 2006). It covers
bash-3.2 and is available from most online bookstores (see
http://www.network-theory.co.uk/bash/manual/ for details). The publisher
will donate $1 to the Free Software Foundation for each copy sold.
doc/faq.version
+2 -2
View File
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
Archive-name: unix-faq/shell/bash
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Submitted-By: chet@po.cwru.edu (Chet Ramey)
Last-Modified: Tue Oct 10 10:15:38 EDT 2006
FAQ-Version: 3.34
Last-Modified: Thu Dec 14 11:34:54 EST 2006
FAQ-Version: 3.35
Bash-Version: 3.2
URL: ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/FAQ
Maintainer: chet@po.cwru.edu (Chet Ramey)
doc/rbash.ps
+1 -1
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
%!PS-Adobe-3.0
%%Creator: groff version 1.19.1
%%CreationDate: Tue Oct 3 08:54:30 2006
%%CreationDate: Tue Dec 12 14:43:07 2006
%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman
%%+ font Times-Bold
%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.19 1