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bash-4.3-beta2 overlay

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This commit is contained in:
Chet Ramey
2013-10-10 16:17:42 -04:00
parent aaa810a212
commit 145d6930ab
116 changed files with 12457 additions and 12721 deletions
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doc/bashref.info
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@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.13 from
/usr/homes/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi.
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
the Bash shell (version 4.2, 2 March 2013).
the Bash shell (version 4.3, 2 September 2013).
This is Edition 4.2, last updated 2 March 2013, of `The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.2.
This is Edition 4.3, last updated 2 September 2013, of `The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.3.
Copyright (C) 1988-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ Bash Features
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
the Bash shell (version 4.2, 2 March 2013). The Bash home page is
the Bash shell (version 4.3, 2 September 2013). The Bash home page is
`http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/'.
This is Edition 4.2, last updated 2 March 2013, of `The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.2.
This is Edition 4.3, last updated 2 September 2013, of `The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.3.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
features that only appear in Bash. Some of the shells that Bash has
@@ -572,10 +572,11 @@ the input of the next command. That is, each command reads the
previous command's output. This connection is performed before any
redirections specified by the command.
If `|&' is used, COMMAND1's standard output and standard error are
connected to COMMAND2's standard input through the pipe; it is
shorthand for `2>&1 |'. This implicit redirection of the standard
error is performed after any redirections specified by the command.
If `|&' is used, COMMAND1's standard error, in addition to its
standard output, is connected to COMMAND2's standard input through the
pipe; it is shorthand for `2>&1 |'. This implicit redirection of the
standard error to the standard output is performed after any
redirections specified by the command.
The reserved word `time' causes timing statistics to be printed for
the pipeline once it finishes. The statistics currently consist of
@@ -881,14 +882,15 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: Conditional Constructs, Next: Command Grouping, Pre
When the `==' and `!=' operators are used, the string to the right
of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according to
the rules described below in *note Pattern Matching::. The `='
operator is identical to `=='. If the shell option `nocasematch'
(see the description of `shopt' in *note The Shopt Builtin::) is
enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of
alphabetic characters. The return value is 0 if the string
matches (`==') or does not match (`!=')the pattern, and 1
otherwise. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to force the
quoted portion to be matched as a string.
the rules described below in *note Pattern Matching::, as if the
`extglob' shell option were enabled. The `=' operator is
identical to `=='. If the shell option `nocasematch' (see the
description of `shopt' in *note The Shopt Builtin::) is enabled,
the match is performed without regard to the case of alphabetic
characters. The return value is 0 if the string matches (`==') or
does not match (`!=')the pattern, and 1 otherwise. Any part of
the pattern may be quoted to force the quoted portion to be
matched as a string.
An additional binary operator, `=~', is available, with the same
precedence as `==' and `!='. When it is used, the string to the
@@ -1101,7 +1103,7 @@ option:
GNU Parallel can replace certain common idioms that operate on lines
read from a file (in this case, filenames listed one per line):
while read -r x; do
while IFS= read -r x; do
do-something1 "$x" "config-$x"
do-something2 < "$x"
done < file | process-output
@@ -1385,8 +1387,9 @@ only be referenced; assignment to them is not allowed.
expands to the process ID of the invoking shell, not the subshell.
`!'
Expands to the process ID of the most recently executed background
(asynchronous) command.
Expands to the process ID of the job most recently placed into the
background, whether executed as an asynchronous command or using
the `bg' builtin (*note Job Control Builtins::).
`0'
Expands to the name of the shell or shell script. This is set at
@@ -1918,8 +1921,10 @@ expansion is:
The expression is treated as if it were within double quotes, but a
double quote inside the parentheses is not treated specially. All
tokens in the expression undergo parameter expansion, command
substitution, and quote removal. Arithmetic expansions may be nested.
tokens in the expression undergo parameter and variable expansion,
command substitution, and quote removal. The result is treated as the
arithmetic expression to be evaluated. Arithmetic expansions may be
nested.
The evaluation is performed according to the rules listed below
(*note Shell Arithmetic::). If the expression is invalid, Bash prints
@@ -1962,19 +1967,20 @@ substitution, and arithmetic expansion that did not occur within double
quotes for word splitting.
The shell treats each character of `$IFS' as a delimiter, and splits
the results of the other expansions into words on these characters. If
`IFS' is unset, or its value is exactly `<space><tab><newline>', the
default, then sequences of ` <space>', `<tab>', and `<newline>' at the
beginning and end of the results of the previous expansions are
ignored, and any sequence of `IFS' characters not at the beginning or
end serves to delimit words. If `IFS' has a value other than the
default, then sequences of the whitespace characters `space' and `tab'
are ignored at the beginning and end of the word, as long as the
whitespace character is in the value of `IFS' (an `IFS' whitespace
character). Any character in `IFS' that is not `IFS' whitespace, along
with any adjacent `IFS' whitespace characters, delimits a field. A
sequence of `IFS' whitespace characters is also treated as a delimiter.
If the value of `IFS' is null, no word splitting occurs.
the results of the other expansions into words using these characters
as field terminators. If `IFS' is unset, or its value is exactly
`<space><tab><newline>', the default, then sequences of ` <space>',
`<tab>', and `<newline>' at the beginning and end of the results of the
previous expansions are ignored, and any sequence of `IFS' characters
not at the beginning or end serves to delimit words. If `IFS' has a
value other than the default, then sequences of the whitespace
characters `space' and `tab' are ignored at the beginning and end of the
word, as long as the whitespace character is in the value of `IFS' (an
`IFS' whitespace character). Any character in `IFS' that is not `IFS'
whitespace, along with any adjacent `IFS' whitespace characters,
delimits a field. A sequence of `IFS' whitespace characters is also
treated as a delimiter. If the value of `IFS' is null, no word
splitting occurs.
Explicit null arguments (`""' or `''') are retained. Unquoted
implicit null arguments, resulting from the expansion of parameters
@@ -3323,8 +3329,8 @@ POSIX standard.
given, then display the values of variables instead.
The `-p' option will display the attributes and values of each
NAME. When `-p' is used with NAME arguments, additional options
are ignored.
NAME. When `-p' is used with NAME arguments, additional options,
other than `-f' and `-F', are ignored.
When `-p' is supplied without NAME arguments, `declare' will
display the attributes and values of all variables having the
@@ -3651,15 +3657,16 @@ POSIX standard.
separators assigned to the last NAME. If there are fewer words
read from the input stream than names, the remaining names are
assigned empty values. The characters in the value of the `IFS'
variable are used to split the line into words. The backslash
character `\' may be used to remove any special meaning for the
next character read and for line continuation. If no names are
supplied, the line read is assigned to the variable `REPLY'. The
return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, `read'
times out (in which case the return code is greater than 128), a
variable assignment error (such as assigning to a readonly
variable) occurs, or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the
argument to `-u'.
variable are used to split the line into words using the same
rules the shell uses for expansion (described above in *note Word
Splitting::). The backslash character `\' may be used to remove
any special meaning for the next character read and for line
continuation. If no names are supplied, the line read is assigned
to the variable `REPLY'. The return code is zero, unless
end-of-file is encountered, `read' times out (in which case the
return code is greater than 128), a variable assignment error
(such as assigning to a readonly variable) occurs, or an invalid
file descriptor is supplied as the argument to `-u'.
Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
@@ -4178,11 +4185,14 @@ This builtin allows you to change additional shell optional behavior.
`shopt'
shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [OPTNAME ...]
Toggle the values of variables controlling optional shell behavior.
With no options, or with the `-p' option, a list of all settable
options is displayed, with an indication of whether or not each is
set. The `-p' option causes output to be displayed in a form that
may be reused as input. Other options have the following meanings:
Toggle the values of settings controlling optional shell behavior.
The settings can be either those listed below, or, if the `-o'
option is used, those available with the `-o' option to the `set'
builtin command (*note The Set Builtin::). With no options, or
with the `-p' option, a list of all settable options is displayed,
with an indication of whether or not each is set. The `-p' option
causes output to be displayed in a form that may be reused as
input. Other options have the following meanings:
`-s'
Enable (set) each OPTNAME.
@@ -4377,12 +4387,13 @@ This builtin allows you to change additional shell optional behavior.
option is enabled by default.
`globasciiranges'
If set, range expressions used in pattern matching (*note
Pattern Matching::) behave as if in the traditional C locale
when performing comparisons. That is, the current locale's
collating sequence is not taken into account, so `b' will not
collate between `A' and `B', and upper-case and lower-case
ASCII characters will collate together.
If set, range expressions used in pattern matching bracket
expressions (*note Pattern Matching::) behave as if in the
traditional C locale when performing comparisons. That is,
the current locale's collating sequence is not taken into
account, so `b' will not collate between `A' and `B', and
upper-case and lower-case ASCII characters will collate
together.
`globstar'
If set, the pattern `**' used in a filename expansion context
@@ -5481,8 +5492,8 @@ determines it is being run in this fashion, it reads and executes
commands from `~/.bashrc', if that file exists and is readable. It
will not do this if invoked as `sh'. The `--norc' option may be used
to inhibit this behavior, and the `--rcfile' option may be used to
force another file to be read, but `rshd' does not generally invoke the
shell with those options or allow them to be specified.
force another file to be read, but neither `rshd' nor `sshd' generally
invoke the shell with those options or allow them to be specified.
Invoked with unequal effective and real UID/GIDs
................................................
@@ -5999,6 +6010,12 @@ element.
An array variable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned
a value. The null string is a valid value.
It is possible to obtain the keys (indices) of an array as well as
the values. ${!NAME[@]} and ${!NAME[*]} expand to the indices assigned
in array variable NAME. The treatment when in double quotes is similar
to the expansion of the special parameters `@' and `*' within double
quotes.
The `unset' builtin is used to destroy arrays. `unset
NAME[SUBSCRIPT]' destroys the array element at index SUBSCRIPT.
Negative subscripts to indexed arrays are interpreted as described
@@ -6685,7 +6702,7 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: Job Control Builtins, Next: Job Control Variables,
occurs or an invalid option is encountered.
`wait'
wait [JOBSPEC or PID ...]
wait [-n] [JOBSPEC or PID ...]
Wait until the child process specified by each process ID PID or
job specification JOBSPEC exits and return the exit status of the
@@ -6704,9 +6721,9 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: Job Control Builtins, Next: Job Control Variables,
If the `-h' option is given, the job is not removed from the table,
but is marked so that `SIGHUP' is not sent to the job if the shell
receives a `SIGHUP'. If JOBSPEC is not present, and neither the
`-a' nor `-r' option is supplied, the current job is used. If no
JOBSPEC is supplied, the `-a' option means to remove or mark all
jobs; the `-r' option without a JOBSPEC argument restricts
`-a' nor the `-r' option is supplied, the current job is used. If
no JOBSPEC is supplied, the `-a' option means to remove or mark
all jobs; the `-r' option without a JOBSPEC argument restricts
operation to running jobs.
`suspend'
@@ -8381,7 +8398,7 @@ default completion function would load completions dynamically:
{
. "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124
}
complete -D -F _completion_loader
complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default

File: bashref.info, Node: Programmable Completion Builtins, Next: A Programmable Completion Example, Prev: Programmable Completion, Up: Command Line Editing
@@ -9513,6 +9530,12 @@ unless the operating system does not provide the necessary support.
Set the default value of the EXTGLOB shell option described above
under *note The Shopt Builtin:: to be enabled.
`--enable-glob-asciirange-default'
Set the default value of the GLOBASCIIRANGES shell option described
above under *note The Shopt Builtin:: to be enabled. This
controls the behavior of character ranges when used in pattern
matching bracket expressions.
`--enable-help-builtin'
Include the `help' builtin, which displays help on shell builtins
and variables (*note Bash Builtins::).
@@ -10572,7 +10595,7 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
* pwd: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 196)
* read: Bash Builtins. (line 473)
* readarray: Bash Builtins. (line 559)
* readarray: Bash Builtins. (line 560)
* readonly: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 206)
* return: Bourne Shell Builtins.
@@ -10581,7 +10604,7 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
* shift: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 241)
* shopt: The Shopt Builtin. (line 9)
* source: Bash Builtins. (line 568)
* source: Bash Builtins. (line 569)
* suspend: Job Control Builtins.
(line 101)
* test: Bourne Shell Builtins.
@@ -10590,12 +10613,12 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
(line 330)
* trap: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 336)
* type: Bash Builtins. (line 573)
* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 605)
* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 611)
* type: Bash Builtins. (line 574)
* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 606)
* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 612)
* umask: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 385)
* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 702)
* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 703)
* unset: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 403)
* wait: Job Control Builtins.
@@ -10657,10 +10680,10 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index
* $: Special Parameters. (line 42)
* *: Special Parameters. (line 9)
* -: Special Parameters. (line 37)
* 0: Special Parameters. (line 50)
* 0: Special Parameters. (line 51)
* ?: Special Parameters. (line 33)
* @: Special Parameters. (line 19)
* _: Special Parameters. (line 59)
* _: Special Parameters. (line 60)
* auto_resume: Job Control Variables.
(line 6)
* BASH: Bash Variables. (line 13)
@@ -11110,134 +11133,134 @@ D.5 Concept Index

Tag Table:
Node: Top924
Node: Introduction2836
Node: What is Bash?3064
Node: What is a shell?4177
Node: Definitions6716
Node: Basic Shell Features9634
Node: Shell Syntax10853
Node: Shell Operation11883
Node: Quoting13177
Node: Escape Character14480
Node: Single Quotes14965
Node: Double Quotes15313
Node: ANSI-C Quoting16438
Node: Locale Translation17682
Node: Comments18578
Node: Shell Commands19196
Node: Simple Commands20068
Node: Pipelines20699
Node: Lists23398
Node: Compound Commands25127
Node: Looping Constructs26133
Node: Conditional Constructs28596
Node: Command Grouping39474
Node: Coprocesses40953
Node: GNU Parallel42786
Node: Shell Functions46767
Node: Shell Parameters51851
Node: Positional Parameters55980
Node: Special Parameters56880
Node: Shell Expansions59844
Node: Brace Expansion61770
Node: Tilde Expansion64551
Node: Shell Parameter Expansion66900
Node: Command Substitution79194
Node: Arithmetic Expansion80527
Node: Process Substitution81377
Node: Word Splitting82427
Node: Filename Expansion84050
Node: Pattern Matching86215
Node: Quote Removal89915
Node: Redirections90210
Node: Executing Commands99374
Node: Simple Command Expansion100044
Node: Command Search and Execution101974
Node: Command Execution Environment104311
Node: Environment107297
Node: Exit Status108956
Node: Signals110578
Node: Shell Scripts112546
Node: Shell Builtin Commands115064
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins117092
Node: Bash Builtins136868
Node: Modifying Shell Behavior164195
Node: The Set Builtin164540
Node: The Shopt Builtin174866
Node: Special Builtins189070
Node: Shell Variables190049
Node: Bourne Shell Variables190489
Node: Bash Variables192520
Node: Bash Features219395
Node: Invoking Bash220294
Node: Bash Startup Files226072
Node: Interactive Shells231091
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?231501
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?232150
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior232965
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions236253
Node: Shell Arithmetic240255
Node: Aliases243031
Node: Arrays245587
Node: The Directory Stack250276
Node: Directory Stack Builtins250995
Node: Controlling the Prompt253951
Node: The Restricted Shell256723
Node: Bash POSIX Mode258560
Node: Job Control267947
Node: Job Control Basics268407
Node: Job Control Builtins273126
Node: Job Control Variables277588
Node: Command Line Editing278746
Node: Introduction and Notation280418
Node: Readline Interaction282040
Node: Readline Bare Essentials283231
Node: Readline Movement Commands285020
Node: Readline Killing Commands285985
Node: Readline Arguments287905
Node: Searching288949
Node: Readline Init File291135
Node: Readline Init File Syntax292282
Node: Conditional Init Constructs309119
Node: Sample Init File311652
Node: Bindable Readline Commands314769
Node: Commands For Moving315976
Node: Commands For History317120
Node: Commands For Text321305
Node: Commands For Killing323978
Node: Numeric Arguments326435
Node: Commands For Completion327574
Node: Keyboard Macros331766
Node: Miscellaneous Commands332454
Node: Readline vi Mode338260
Node: Programmable Completion339167
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins346417
Node: A Programmable Completion Example356163
Node: Using History Interactively361413
Node: Bash History Facilities362097
Node: Bash History Builtins365096
Node: History Interaction369024
Node: Event Designators371729
Node: Word Designators372951
Node: Modifiers374590
Node: Installing Bash375994
Node: Basic Installation377131
Node: Compilers and Options379823
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures380564
Node: Installation Names382228
Node: Specifying the System Type383046
Node: Sharing Defaults383762
Node: Operation Controls384435
Node: Optional Features385393
Node: Reporting Bugs395181
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell396379
Node: GNU Free Documentation License413238
Node: Indexes438434
Node: Builtin Index438888
Node: Reserved Word Index445715
Node: Variable Index448163
Node: Function Index461686
Node: Concept Index468914
Node: Top932
Node: Introduction2852
Node: What is Bash?3080
Node: What is a shell?4193
Node: Definitions6732
Node: Basic Shell Features9650
Node: Shell Syntax10869
Node: Shell Operation11899
Node: Quoting13193
Node: Escape Character14496
Node: Single Quotes14981
Node: Double Quotes15329
Node: ANSI-C Quoting16454
Node: Locale Translation17698
Node: Comments18594
Node: Shell Commands19212
Node: Simple Commands20084
Node: Pipelines20715
Node: Lists23453
Node: Compound Commands25182
Node: Looping Constructs26188
Node: Conditional Constructs28651
Node: Command Grouping39581
Node: Coprocesses41060
Node: GNU Parallel42893
Node: Shell Functions46879
Node: Shell Parameters51963
Node: Positional Parameters56092
Node: Special Parameters56992
Node: Shell Expansions60051
Node: Brace Expansion61977
Node: Tilde Expansion64758
Node: Shell Parameter Expansion67107
Node: Command Substitution79401
Node: Arithmetic Expansion80734
Node: Process Substitution81666
Node: Word Splitting82716
Node: Filename Expansion84364
Node: Pattern Matching86529
Node: Quote Removal90229
Node: Redirections90524
Node: Executing Commands99688
Node: Simple Command Expansion100358
Node: Command Search and Execution102288
Node: Command Execution Environment104625
Node: Environment107611
Node: Exit Status109270
Node: Signals110892
Node: Shell Scripts112860
Node: Shell Builtin Commands115378
Node: Bourne Shell Builtins117406
Node: Bash Builtins137182
Node: Modifying Shell Behavior164635
Node: The Set Builtin164980
Node: The Shopt Builtin175306
Node: Special Builtins189727
Node: Shell Variables190706
Node: Bourne Shell Variables191146
Node: Bash Variables193177
Node: Bash Features220052
Node: Invoking Bash220951
Node: Bash Startup Files226729
Node: Interactive Shells231758
Node: What is an Interactive Shell?232168
Node: Is this Shell Interactive?232817
Node: Interactive Shell Behavior233632
Node: Bash Conditional Expressions236920
Node: Shell Arithmetic240922
Node: Aliases243698
Node: Arrays246254
Node: The Directory Stack251235
Node: Directory Stack Builtins251954
Node: Controlling the Prompt254910
Node: The Restricted Shell257682
Node: Bash POSIX Mode259519
Node: Job Control268906
Node: Job Control Basics269366
Node: Job Control Builtins274085
Node: Job Control Variables278556
Node: Command Line Editing279714
Node: Introduction and Notation281386
Node: Readline Interaction283008
Node: Readline Bare Essentials284199
Node: Readline Movement Commands285988
Node: Readline Killing Commands286953
Node: Readline Arguments288873
Node: Searching289917
Node: Readline Init File292103
Node: Readline Init File Syntax293250
Node: Conditional Init Constructs310087
Node: Sample Init File312620
Node: Bindable Readline Commands315737
Node: Commands For Moving316944
Node: Commands For History318088
Node: Commands For Text322273
Node: Commands For Killing324946
Node: Numeric Arguments327403
Node: Commands For Completion328542
Node: Keyboard Macros332734
Node: Miscellaneous Commands333422
Node: Readline vi Mode339228
Node: Programmable Completion340135
Node: Programmable Completion Builtins347411
Node: A Programmable Completion Example357157
Node: Using History Interactively362407
Node: Bash History Facilities363091
Node: Bash History Builtins366090
Node: History Interaction370018
Node: Event Designators372723
Node: Word Designators373945
Node: Modifiers375584
Node: Installing Bash376988
Node: Basic Installation378125
Node: Compilers and Options380817
Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures381558
Node: Installation Names383222
Node: Specifying the System Type384040
Node: Sharing Defaults384756
Node: Operation Controls385429
Node: Optional Features386387
Node: Reporting Bugs396451
Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell397649
Node: GNU Free Documentation License414508
Node: Indexes439704
Node: Builtin Index440158
Node: Reserved Word Index446985
Node: Variable Index449433
Node: Function Index462956
Node: Concept Index470184

End Tag Table