mirror of
https://https.git.savannah.gnu.org/git/bash.git
synced 2026-07-01 09:29:51 +02:00
commit bash-20080703 snapshot
This commit is contained in:
Chet Ramey
+135
-33
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
|
||||
</HEAD>
|
||||
<BODY><TABLE WIDTH=100%>
|
||||
<TR>
|
||||
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2008 May 25<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
|
||||
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2008 June 29<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
|
||||
</TR>
|
||||
</TABLE>
|
||||
<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
|
||||
@@ -1467,7 +1467,9 @@ When += is applied to an array variable using compound assignment (see
|
||||
|
||||
below), the
|
||||
variable's value is not unset (as it is when using =), and new values are
|
||||
appended to the array beginning at one greater than the array's maximum index.
|
||||
appended to the array beginning at one greater than the array's maximum index
|
||||
(for indexed arrays) or added as additional key-value pairs in an
|
||||
associative array.
|
||||
When applied to a string-valued variable, <I>value</I> is expanded and
|
||||
appended to the variable's value.
|
||||
<A NAME="lbAT"> </A>
|
||||
@@ -1644,6 +1646,13 @@ Expands to the full file name used to invoke this instance of
|
||||
Expands to the process id of the current <B>bash</B> process.
|
||||
This differs from <B>$$</B> under certain circumstances, such as subshells
|
||||
that do not require <B>bash</B> to be re-initialized.
|
||||
<DT><B>BASH_ALIASES</B>
|
||||
|
||||
<DD>
|
||||
An associative array variable whose members correspond to the internal
|
||||
list of aliases as maintained by the <B>alias</B> builtin
|
||||
Elements added to this array appear in the alias list; unsetting array
|
||||
elements cause aliases to be removed from the alias list.
|
||||
<DT><B>BASH_ARGC</B>
|
||||
|
||||
<DD>
|
||||
@@ -1678,6 +1687,13 @@ option to the
|
||||
<B>shopt</B>
|
||||
|
||||
builtin below)
|
||||
<DT><B>BASH_CMDS</B>
|
||||
|
||||
<DD>
|
||||
An associative array variable whose members correspond to the internal
|
||||
hash table of commands as maintained by the <B>hash</B> builtin.
|
||||
Elements added to this array appear in the hash table; unsetting array
|
||||
elements cause commands to be removed from the hash table.
|
||||
<DT><B>BASH_COMMAND</B>
|
||||
|
||||
<DD>
|
||||
@@ -2501,6 +2517,16 @@ had been executed.
|
||||
<DD>
|
||||
If set, the value is executed as a command prior to issuing each primary
|
||||
prompt.
|
||||
<DT><B>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</B>
|
||||
|
||||
<DD>
|
||||
If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the number of
|
||||
trailing directory components to retain when expanding the <B>\w and
|
||||
\W</B> prompt string escapes (see
|
||||
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>PROMPTING</B>
|
||||
|
||||
</FONT>
|
||||
below). Characters removed are replaced with an ellipsis.
|
||||
<DT><B>PS1</B>
|
||||
|
||||
<DD>
|
||||
@@ -2688,22 +2714,26 @@ parser to treat the rest of the line as a comment.
|
||||
|
||||
<B>Bash</B>
|
||||
|
||||
provides one-dimensional array variables. Any variable may be used as
|
||||
an array; the
|
||||
provides one-dimensional indexed and associative array variables.
|
||||
Any variable may be used as an indexed array; the
|
||||
<B>declare</B>
|
||||
|
||||
builtin will explicitly declare an array. There is no maximum
|
||||
builtin will explicitly declare an array.
|
||||
There is no maximum
|
||||
limit on the size of an array, nor any requirement that members
|
||||
be indexed or assigned contiguously. Arrays are indexed using
|
||||
integers and are zero-based.
|
||||
be indexed or assigned contiguously.
|
||||
Indexed arrays are referenced using integers (including arithmetic
|
||||
expressions) and are zero-based; associative arrays are referenced
|
||||
using arbitrary strings.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
|
||||
An array is created automatically if any variable is assigned to using
|
||||
the syntax <I>name</I>[<I>subscript</I>]=<I>value</I>. The
|
||||
An indexed array is created automatically if any variable is assigned to
|
||||
using the syntax <I>name</I>[<I>subscript</I>]=<I>value</I>. The
|
||||
<I>subscript</I>
|
||||
|
||||
is treated as an arithmetic expression that must evaluate to a number
|
||||
greater than or equal to zero. To explicitly declare an array, use
|
||||
greater than or equal to zero. To explicitly declare an indexed array,
|
||||
use
|
||||
<B>declare -a </B><I>name</I>
|
||||
|
||||
(see
|
||||
@@ -2713,7 +2743,15 @@ greater than or equal to zero. To explicitly declare an array, use
|
||||
below).
|
||||
<B>declare -a </B><I>name</I>[<I>subscript</I>]
|
||||
|
||||
is also accepted; the <I>subscript</I> is ignored. Attributes may be
|
||||
is also accepted; the <I>subscript</I> is ignored.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
|
||||
Associative arrays are created using
|
||||
<B>declare -A </B><I>name</I>.
|
||||
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
|
||||
Attributes may be
|
||||
specified for an array variable using the
|
||||
<B>declare</B>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -2725,11 +2763,17 @@ builtins. Each attribute applies to all members of an array.
|
||||
|
||||
Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form
|
||||
<I>name</I>=<B>(</B>value<I>1</I> ... value<I>n</I><B>)</B>, where each
|
||||
<I>value</I> is of the form [<I>subscript</I>]=<I>string</I>. Only
|
||||
<I>string</I> is required. If
|
||||
the optional brackets and subscript are supplied, that index is assigned to;
|
||||
<I>value</I> is of the form [<I>subscript</I>]=<I>string</I>.
|
||||
Indexed array assignments do not require the bracket and subscript.
|
||||
When assigning to indexed arrays, if the optional brackets and subscript
|
||||
are supplied, that index is assigned to;
|
||||
otherwise the index of the element assigned is the last index assigned
|
||||
to by the statement plus one. Indexing starts at zero.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
|
||||
When assigning to an associative array, the subscript is required.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
|
||||
This syntax is also accepted by the
|
||||
<B>declare</B>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -2764,7 +2808,7 @@ above). ${#<I>name</I>[<I>subscript</I>]} expands to the length of
|
||||
${<I>name</I>[<I>subscript</I>]}. If <I>subscript</I> is <B>*</B> or
|
||||
<B>@</B>, the expansion is the number of elements in the array.
|
||||
Referencing an array variable without a subscript is equivalent to
|
||||
referencing element zero.
|
||||
referencing the array with a subscript of 0.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
|
||||
The
|
||||
@@ -2790,7 +2834,11 @@ and
|
||||
builtins each accept a
|
||||
<B>-a</B>
|
||||
|
||||
option to specify an array. The
|
||||
option to specify an indexed array and a
|
||||
<B>-A</B>
|
||||
|
||||
option to specify an associative array.
|
||||
The
|
||||
<B>read</B>
|
||||
|
||||
builtin accepts a
|
||||
@@ -3166,11 +3214,13 @@ If <I>offset</I> evaluates to a number less than zero, the value
|
||||
is used as an offset from the end of the value of <I>parameter</I>.
|
||||
If <I>parameter</I> is <B>@</B>, the result is <I>length</I> positional
|
||||
parameters beginning at <I>offset</I>.
|
||||
If <I>parameter</I> is an array name indexed by @ or *,
|
||||
If <I>parameter</I> is an indexed array name subscripted by @ or *,
|
||||
the result is the <I>length</I>
|
||||
members of the array beginning with ${<I>parameter</I>[<I>offset</I>]}.
|
||||
A negative <I>offset</I> is taken relative to one greater than the maximum
|
||||
index of the specified array.
|
||||
Substring expansion applied to an associative array produces undefined
|
||||
results.
|
||||
Note that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by at least
|
||||
one space to avoid being confused with the :- expansion.
|
||||
Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional parameters
|
||||
@@ -3331,6 +3381,45 @@ or
|
||||
|
||||
the substitution operation is applied to each member of the
|
||||
array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
|
||||
<DT>${<I>parameter</I><B>^</B><I>pattern</I>}<DD>
|
||||
|
||||
<DT>${<I>parameter</I><B>^^</B><I>pattern</I>}<DD>
|
||||
<DT>${<I>parameter</I><B>,</B><I>pattern</I>}<DD>
|
||||
<DT>${<I>parameter</I><B>,,</B><I>pattern</I>}<DD>
|
||||
|
||||
This expansion modifies the case of alphabetic characters in <I>parameter</I>.
|
||||
The <I>pattern</I> is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
|
||||
pathname expansion.
|
||||
The <B>^</B> operator converts lowercase letters matching <I>pattern</I>
|
||||
to uppercase; the <B>,</B> operator converts matching uppercase letters
|
||||
to lowercase.
|
||||
The <B>^^</B> and <B>,,</B> expansions convert each matched character in the
|
||||
expanded value; the <B>^</B> and <B>,</B> expansions match and convert only
|
||||
the first character.
|
||||
If <I>pattern</I> is omitted, it is treated like a <B>?</B>, which matches
|
||||
every character.
|
||||
If
|
||||
<I>parameter</I>
|
||||
|
||||
is
|
||||
<B>@</B>
|
||||
|
||||
or
|
||||
<B>*</B>,
|
||||
|
||||
the case modification operation is applied to each positional
|
||||
parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
|
||||
If
|
||||
<I>parameter</I>
|
||||
|
||||
is an array variable subscripted with
|
||||
<B>@</B>
|
||||
|
||||
or
|
||||
<B>*</B>,
|
||||
|
||||
the case modification operation is applied to each member of the
|
||||
array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
|
||||
</DL>
|
||||
<A NAME="lbBB"> </A>
|
||||
<H4>Command Substitution</H4>
|
||||
@@ -5477,6 +5566,8 @@ The
|
||||
may be referenced using
|
||||
<B>%-</B>.
|
||||
|
||||
If there is only a single job, <B>%+</B> and <B>%-</B> can both be used
|
||||
to refer to that job.
|
||||
In output pertaining to jobs (e.g., the output of the
|
||||
<B>jobs</B>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -5645,6 +5736,7 @@ the release of <B>bash</B>, version + patch level (e.g., 2.00.0)
|
||||
|
||||
<DD>
|
||||
the current working directory, with <B>$HOME</B> abbreviated with a tilde
|
||||
(uses the <B>$PROMPT_DIRTRIM</B> variable)
|
||||
<DT><B>\W</B>
|
||||
|
||||
<DD>
|
||||
@@ -8525,9 +8617,9 @@ must be >= 1. If
|
||||
is greater than the number of enclosing loops, the last enclosing loop
|
||||
(the ``top-level'' loop) is resumed.
|
||||
The return value is 0 unless <I>n</I> is not greater than or equal to 1.
|
||||
<DT><B>declare</B> [<B>-afFirtx</B>] [<B>-p</B>] [<I>name</I>[=<I>value</I>] ...]<DD>
|
||||
<DT><B>declare</B> [<B>-aAfFirtx</B>] [<B>-p</B>] [<I>name</I>[=<I>value</I>] ...]<DD>
|
||||
|
||||
<DT><B>typeset</B> [<B>-afFirtx</B>] [<B>-p</B>] [<I>name</I>[=<I>value</I>] ...]<DD>
|
||||
<DT><B>typeset</B> [<B>-aAfFirtx</B>] [<B>-p</B>] [<I>name</I>[=<I>value</I>] ...]<DD>
|
||||
|
||||
Declare variables and/or give them attributes.
|
||||
If no <I>name</I>s are given then display the values of variables.
|
||||
@@ -8572,7 +8664,14 @@ to give variables attributes:
|
||||
<DT><B>-a</B>
|
||||
|
||||
<DD>
|
||||
Each <I>name</I> is an array variable (see
|
||||
Each <I>name</I> is an indexed array variable (see
|
||||
<B>Arrays</B>
|
||||
|
||||
above).
|
||||
<DT><B>-A</B>
|
||||
|
||||
<DD>
|
||||
Each <I>name</I> is an associative array variable (see
|
||||
<B>Arrays</B>
|
||||
|
||||
above).
|
||||
@@ -9588,8 +9687,7 @@ is supplied, or
|
||||
|
||||
<DD>
|
||||
Exit a login shell.
|
||||
<DT><B>mapfile</B> [<B>-n</B> <I>count</I>] [<B>-O</B> <I>origin</I>] [<B>-s</B> <I>cou<DD>
|
||||
nt</I>] [<B>-t</B>] [<B>-u</B> <I>fd</I>] [<B>-C</B> <I>callback</I>] [<B>-c</B> Iquantum] [<I>array</I>]
|
||||
<DT><B>mapfile</B> [<B>-n</B> <I>count</I>] [<B>-O</B> <I>origin</I>] [<B>-s</B> <I>count</I>] [<B>-t</B>] [<B>-u</B> <I>fd</I>] [<B>-C</B> <I>callback</I>] [<B>-c</B> <I>quantum</I>] [<I>array</I>]<DD>
|
||||
Read lines from the standard input into array variable
|
||||
<I>array</I>,
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -9834,7 +9932,7 @@ option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.
|
||||
The return status is 0 unless an error occurs while
|
||||
reading the name of the current directory or an
|
||||
invalid option is supplied.
|
||||
<DT><B>read</B> [<B>-ers</B>] [<B>-a</B> <I>aname</I>] [<B>-d</B> <I>delim</I>] [- <I>text</I>] [<B>-n</B> <I>nchars</I>] [<B>-p</B> <I>prompt</I>] [<B>-t</B> <I>timeout</I>] [<B>-u</B> <I>fd</I>] [<I>name</I> ...]<DD>
|
||||
<DT><B>read</B> [<B>-ers</B>] [<B>-a</B> <I>aname</I>] [<B>-d</B> <I>delim</I>] [<B>-</B> <I>text</I>] [<B>-n</B> <I>nchars</I>] [<B>-p</B> <I>prompt</I>] [<B>-t</B> <I>timeout</I>] [<B>-u</B> <I>fd</I>] [<I>name</I> ...]<DD>
|
||||
One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor
|
||||
<I>fd</I> supplied as an argument to the <B>-u</B> option, and the first word
|
||||
is assigned to the first
|
||||
@@ -9927,8 +10025,10 @@ Cause <B>read</B> to time out and return failure if a complete line of
|
||||
input is not read within <I>timeout</I> seconds.
|
||||
<I>timeout</I> may be a decimal number with a fractional portion following
|
||||
the decimal point.
|
||||
This option has no effect if <B>read</B> is not reading input from the
|
||||
terminal or a pipe.
|
||||
This option is only effective if <B>read</B> is reading input from a
|
||||
terminal, pipe, or other special file; it has no effect when reading
|
||||
from regular files.
|
||||
The exit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded.
|
||||
<DT><B>-u </B><I>fd</I>
|
||||
|
||||
<DD>
|
||||
@@ -9949,7 +10049,7 @@ times out, or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to
|
||||
<B>-u</B>.
|
||||
</DL>
|
||||
|
||||
<DT><B>readonly</B> [<B>-apf</B>] [<I>name</I>[=<I>word</I>] ...]<DD>
|
||||
<DT><B>readonly</B> [<B>-aApf</B>] [<I>name</I>[=<I>word</I>] ...]<DD>
|
||||
|
||||
The given
|
||||
<I>names</I> are marked readonly; the values of these
|
||||
@@ -9965,7 +10065,10 @@ marked.
|
||||
The
|
||||
<B>-a</B>
|
||||
|
||||
option restricts the variables to arrays.
|
||||
option restricts the variables to indexed arrays; the
|
||||
<B>-A</B>
|
||||
|
||||
option restricts the variables to associative arrays.
|
||||
If no
|
||||
<I>name</I>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -10925,12 +11028,11 @@ Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a
|
||||
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SIGCONT</B>
|
||||
|
||||
</FONT>
|
||||
signal. The
|
||||
signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the
|
||||
<B>-f</B>
|
||||
|
||||
option says not to complain if this is
|
||||
a login shell; just suspend anyway. The return status is 0 unless
|
||||
the shell is a login shell and
|
||||
option can be used to override this and force the suspension.
|
||||
The return status is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and
|
||||
<B>-f</B>
|
||||
|
||||
is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.
|
||||
@@ -11823,7 +11925,7 @@ Array variables may not (yet) be exported.
|
||||
<HR>
|
||||
<TABLE WIDTH=100%>
|
||||
<TR>
|
||||
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-4.0<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2008 May 25<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
|
||||
<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-4.0<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2008 June 29<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
|
||||
</TR>
|
||||
</TABLE>
|
||||
<HR>
|
||||
@@ -11928,6 +12030,6 @@ Array variables may not (yet) be exported.
|
||||
</DL>
|
||||
<HR>
|
||||
This document was created by man2html from bash.1.<BR>
|
||||
Time: 29 May 2008 11:48:48 EDT
|
||||
Time: 02 July 2008 09:08:29 EDT
|
||||
</BODY>
|
||||
</HTML>
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user