// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Filip Leonarski, Paul Scherrer Institute <filip.leonarski@psi.ch>
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only

#pragma once

#include <cstddef>

#include "gemmi/model.hpp"
#include "gemmi/scaling.hpp"

// Fit the overall scale, the anisotropic B and the flat bulk solvent of a model to observed
// amplitudes, writing the answer into `scaling` (k_overall, b_star, k_sol, b_sol) so that
// gemmi's own scale_data() can then apply it.
//
// The caller decides which reflections are fitted: FitModelScale reads scaling.points, which
// prepare_points() filled. Pass the WORKING set to keep the free reflections out of the scale
// model - that is a property of the call site, not of this function.
//
// Replaces gemmi's fit_isotropic_b_approximately() + fit_parameters(), which is an unbounded
// Levenberg-Marquardt: nothing there stops k_sol and b_sol reaching values a flat solvent model
// is meaningless at (b_sol of 1707 A^2 was measured on this corpus). Here k_sol and b_sol come
// from a grid search over the physical ranges, so an unphysical answer cannot be represented.
// The box the solvent parameters are searched in. The defaults are the physically reasonable
// range reported by Fokine & Urzhumtsev and adopted as phenix's default grid: k_sol in (0.1, 0.8)
// and b_sol in (10, 80) A^2, of which phenix searches b_sol 10-80 in steps of 5. A model with high
// atomic B gets a higher b_sol ceiling (SolventBMax).
struct ModelScaleBox {
    double k_lo = 0.10, k_hi = 0.60;
    double b_lo = 10.0, b_hi = 80.0;
};

// The b_sol ceiling for `model`: 80 A^2, or twice the model's mean atomic B where that is higher.
// b_sol is how far the solvent's edge is smeared, and the edge can be no sharper than the atoms it
// lies against: a model at B of 300 A^2 beside a solvent held at 80 gets a solvent term that reaches
// far too deep in resolution, which only a too-small k_sol can then offset. Fokine & Urzhumtsev's
// 10-80 A^2 is for models at the B of ordinary entries (their mean b_sol 46 A^2), where the ceiling
// stays at 80.
double SolventBMax(const gemmi::Model &model);

struct ModelScaleReport {
    int n_points = 0;         // reflections the fit actually used
    int n_grid = 0;           // grid points evaluated
    double r_work_fit = 1.0;  // R on the fitted reflections, at the chosen solution
};

// nthreads: the grid points are fitted in parallel on up to this many threads; the answer does not
// depend on it.
ModelScaleReport FitModelScale(gemmi::Scaling<float> &scaling, ModelScaleBox box = {}, size_t nthreads = 1);