fetched mlz version

- before some chamges in the gerrit pipline

Change-Id: I33eb2d75f83345a7039d0fb709e66defefb1c3e0

frappy_psi/FG_Lecroy_3000.py

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Daniel Margineda <daniel.margineda@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+"""WAVE FUNCTION LECROY  XX: SIGNAL GENERATOR
+
+modifications not tested!
+"""
+
+from frappy.core import Readable, Parameter, FloatRange, \
+    IntRange, BoolType, EnumType, Module, Property, HasIO
+
+
+class Channel(HasIO, Module):
+    channel = Property('choose channel to manipulate', IntRange(1, 2))
+
+    # seperate module (Writeable):
+    freq = Parameter('frequency', FloatRange(1e-6, 20e6, unit='Hz'),
+                     initwrite=True, default=1000)
+    # seperate module (Writable):
+    amp = Parameter('exc_volt_int', FloatRange(0.00, 5, unit='Vrms'),
+                    readonly=False, initwrite=True, default=0.1)
+    offset = Parameter('offset_volt_int', FloatRange(0.0, 10, unit='V'),
+                       readonly=False, initwrite=True, default=0.0)
+    wave = Parameter('type of wavefunction',
+                     EnumType('WaveFunction', SINE=1, SQUARE=2, RAMP=3, PULSE=4, NOISE=5, ARB=6, DC=7),
+                     readonly=False, default='SINE')
+    phase = Parameter('signal phase', FloatRange(0, 360, unit='deg'),
+                      readonly=False, initwrite=True, default=0)
+    enabled = Parameter('enable output channel', datatype=EnumType('OnOff', OFF=0, ON=1),
+                        readonly=False, default='OFF')
+    symm = Parameter('wavefunction symmetry', FloatRange(0, 100, unit=''),
+                     readonly=False, default=0)
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return self.communicate('C%d:BSWV FRQ?' % self.channel)
+
+    def write_target(self, value):
+        self.communicate('C%d:BSWV FRQ, %gHz' % (self.channel, value))
+        return value
+
+    # signal wavefunction parameter
+    def read_wave(self):
+        return self.communicate('C%d:BSWV WVTP?' % self.channel)
+
+    def write_wave(self, value):  # string value
+        self.communicate('C%d:BSWV WVTP, %s' % (self.channel, value.name))
+        return value
+
+    # signal amplitude parameter
+    def read_amp(self):
+        return self.communicate('C%d:BSWV AMP?' % self.channel)
+
+    def write_amp(self, value):
+        self.communicate('C%d:BSWV AMP, %g' % (self.channel, value))
+        return value
+
+    # offset value parameter
+    def read_offset(self):
+        return self.communicate('C%d:BSWV OFST?' % self.channel)
+
+    def write_offset(self, value):
+        self.communicate('C%d:BSWV OFST %g' % (self.channel, value))
+        return value
+
+    # channel symmetry
+    def read_symm(self):
+        return self.communicate('C%d:BSWV SYM?' % self.channel)
+
+    def write_symm(self, value):
+        self.communicate('C%d:BSWV SYM %g' % (self.channel, value))
+        return value
+
+    # wave phase parameter
+    def read_phase(self):
+        return self.communicate('C%d:BSWV PHSE?' % self.channel)
+
+    def write_phase(self, value):
+        self.communicate('C%d:BSWV PHSE %g' % (self.channel, value))
+        return value
+
+    # dis/enable output channel
+    def read_enabled(self):
+        return self.communicate('C%d: OUTP?' % self.channel)
+
+    def write_enabled(self, value):
+        self.communicate('C%d: OUTP %s' % (self.channel, value.name))
+        return value
+
+
+# devices are defined as arg less output enable what is defined as arg2
+
+class arg(Readable):
+    pollerClass = None
+    value = Parameter(datatype=FloatRange(unit=''))
+
+
+class arg2(Readable):
+    pollerClass = None
+    value = Parameter(datatype=BoolType())

frappy_psi/SR_7270.py

@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Daniel Margineda <daniel.margineda@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+"""Signal Recovery SR7270: lockin amplifier for AC susceptibility"""
+
+from frappy.core import Readable, Parameter, Command, FloatRange, TupleOf, \
+    HasIO, StringIO, Attached, IntRange, BoolType, EnumType
+
+
+class SR7270(StringIO):
+    end_of_line = b'\x00'
+
+    def communicate(self, command):  # remove dash from terminator
+        reply = super().communicate(command)
+        status = self._conn.readbytes(2, 0.1)  # get the 2 status bytes
+        return reply + ';%d;%d' % tuple(status)
+
+
+class XY(HasIO, Readable):
+    x = Attached()
+    y = Attached()
+    freq_arg = Attached()
+    amp_arg = Attached()
+    tc_arg = Attached()
+    phase_arg = Attached()
+    dac_arg = Attached()
+
+    # parameters required an initial value but initwrite write the default value for polled parameters
+    value = Parameter('X, Y', datatype=TupleOf(FloatRange(unit='V'), FloatRange(unit='V')))
+
+    # separate module (Writable)
+    freq = Parameter('exc_freq_int',
+                     FloatRange(0.001, 250e3, unit='Hz'),
+                     readonly=False, default=1000)  # initwrite=True,
+    # separate module (Writable)
+    amp = Parameter('exc_volt_int',
+                    FloatRange(0.00, 5, unit='Vrms'),
+                    readonly=False, default=0.1)  # initwrite=True,
+    # unify the following
+    range = Parameter('sensitivity value', FloatRange(0.00, 1, unit='V'), default=1)
+    irange = Parameter('sensitivity index', IntRange(0, 27), readonly=False, default=25)
+
+    autorange = Parameter('autorange_on', EnumType('autorange', off=0, soft=1, hard=2),
+                          readonly=False, default=0)  # , initwrite=True
+
+    # unify the following
+    tc = Parameter('time constant value', FloatRange(10e-6, 100, unit='s'), default=0.1)
+    itc = Parameter('time constant index', IntRange(0, 30), readonly=False, default=14)
+
+    nm = Parameter('noise mode', BoolType(), readonly=False, default=0)
+    phase = Parameter('Reference phase control', FloatRange(-360, 360, unit='deg'),
+                      readonly=False, default=0)
+
+    # convert to enum
+    vmode = Parameter('Voltage input configuration', IntRange(0, 3), readonly=False, default=3)
+    # dac = Parameter('output DAC channel value', datatype=TupleOf(IntRange(1, 4), FloatRange(0.0, 5000, unit='mV')),
+    #                 readonly=False, initwrite=True, default=(3,0))
+    # dac = Parameter('output DAC channel value', FloatRange(-10000, 10000, unit='mV'),
+    #                readonly=False, initwrite=True, default=0)
+
+    ioClass = SR7270
+
+    def comm(self, command):
+        reply, status, overload = self.communicate(command).split(';')
+        if overload != '0':
+            self.status = self.Status.WARN, 'overload %s' % overload
+        else:
+            self.status = self.Status.IDLE, ''
+        return reply
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        reply = self.comm('XY.').split(',')
+        x = float(reply[0])
+        y = float(reply[1])
+        if self.autorange == 1:  # soft
+            if max(abs(x), abs(y)) >= 0.9*self.range and self.irange < 27:
+                self.write_irange(self.irange+1)
+            elif max(abs(x), abs(y)) <= 0.3*self.range and self.irange > 1:
+                self.write_irange(self.irange-1)
+        self._x.value = x  # to update  X,Y classes which will be the collected data.
+        self._y.value = y
+        return x, y
+
+    def read_freq(self):
+        reply = self.comm('OF.')
+        return reply
+
+    def write_freq(self, value):
+        self.comm('OF. %g' % value)
+        return value
+
+    def write_autorange(self, value):
+        if value == 2:  # hard
+            self.comm('AS')  # put hardware autorange on
+            self.comm('AUTOMATIC. 1')
+        else:
+            self.comm('AUTOMATIC. 0')
+        return value
+
+    def read_autorange(self):
+        reply = self.comm('AUTOMATIC')
+        # determine hardware autorange
+        if reply == 1:  # "hardware auto range is on"
+            return 2  # hard
+        if self.autorange == 0:  # soft
+            return self.autorange()  # read autorange
+        return reply  # off
+
+    # oscillator amplitude module
+    def read_amp(self):
+        reply = self.comm('OA.')
+        return reply
+
+    def write_amp(self, value):
+        self.comm('OA. %g' % value)
+        return value
+
+    # external output DAC
+    #def read_dac(self):
+    #    # reply = self.comm('DAC  %g' % channel) # failed to add the DAC channel you want to control
+    #    reply = self.comm('DAC 3')  # stack to channel 3
+    #    return reply
+
+    #def write_dac(self, value):
+    #    # self.comm('DAC %g %g' % channel % value)
+    #    self.comm('DAC 3 %g' % value)
+    #    return value
+
+    # sensitivity module
+    def read_range(self):
+        reply = self.comm('SEN.')
+        return reply
+
+    def write_irange(self, value):
+        self.comm('SEN %g' % value)
+        self.read_range()
+        return value
+
+    def read_irange(self):
+        reply = self.comm('SEN')
+        return reply
+
+    # time constant module/ noisemode off or 0 allows to use all the time constant range
+    def read_nm(self):
+        reply = self.comm('NOISEMODE')
+        return reply
+
+    def write_nm(self, value):
+        self.comm('NOISEMODE %d' % int(value))
+        self.read_nm()
+        return value
+
+    def read_tc(self):
+        reply = self.comm('TC.')
+        return reply
+
+    def write_itc(self, value):
+        self.comm('TC %g' % value)
+        self.read_tc()
+        return value
+
+    def read_itc(self):
+        reply = self.comm('TC')
+
+        return reply
+
+    # phase and autophase
+    def read_phase(self):
+        reply = self.comm('REFP.')
+        return reply
+
+    def write_phase(self, value):
+        self.comm('REFP %d' % round(1000*value, 0))
+        self.read_phase()
+        return value
+
+    @Command()
+    def aphase(self):
+        """auto phase"""
+        self.read_phase()
+        reply = self.comm('AQN')
+        self.read_phase()
+
+    # voltage input configuration 0:grounded,1=A,2=B,3=A-B
+    # def read_vmode(self):
+    #     reply = self.comm('VMODE')
+    #     return reply
+
+    def write_vmode(self, value):
+        self.comm('VMODE %d' % value)
+        # self.read_vmode()
+        return value
+
+
+class Comp(Readable):
+    enablePoll = False
+    value = Parameter(datatype=FloatRange(unit='V'))
+
+
+class arg(Readable):
+    enablePoll = False
+    value = Parameter(datatype=FloatRange(unit=''))

frappy_psi/ah2700.py

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+"""Andeen Hagerling capacitance bridge"""
+
+from frappy.core import FloatRange, HasIO, Parameter, Readable, StringIO, nopoll
+
+
+class Ah2700IO(StringIO):
+    end_of_line = '\r\n'
+    timeout = 5
+
+
+class Capacitance(HasIO, Readable):
+
+    value = Parameter('capacitance', FloatRange(unit='pF'))
+    freq = Parameter('frequency', FloatRange(unit='Hz'), readonly=False, default=0)
+    voltage = Parameter('voltage', FloatRange(unit='V'), readonly=False, default=0)
+    loss = Parameter('loss', FloatRange(unit='deg'), default=0)
+
+    ioClass = Ah2700IO
+
+    def parse_reply(self, reply):
+        if reply.startswith('SI'):  # this is an echo
+            self.communicate('SERIAL ECHO OFF')
+            reply = self.communicate('SI')
+        if not reply.startswith('F='):  # this is probably an error message like "LOSS TOO HIGH"
+            self.status = [self.Status.ERROR, reply]
+            return self.value
+        self.status = [self.Status.IDLE, '']
+        # examples of replies:
+        # 'F= 1000.0  HZ C= 0.000001    PF L> 0.0         DS V= 15.0     V'
+        # 'F= 1000.0  HZ C= 0.0000059   PF L=-0.4         DS V= 15.0     V OVEN'
+        # 'LOSS TOO HIGH'
+        # make sure there is always a space after '=' and '>'
+        # split() ignores multiple white space
+        reply = reply.replace('=', '= ').replace('>', '> ').split()
+        _, freq, _, _, cap, _, _, loss, lossunit, _, volt = reply[:11]
+        self.freq = freq
+        self.voltage = volt
+        if lossunit == 'DS':
+            self.loss = loss
+        else:  # the unit was wrong, we want DS = tan(delta), not NS = nanoSiemens
+            reply = self.communicate('UN DS').split()  # UN DS returns a reply similar to SI
+            try:
+                self.loss = reply[7]
+            except IndexError:
+                pass  # don't worry, loss will be updated next time
+        return cap
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return self.parse_reply(self.communicate('SI'))  # SI = single trigger
+
+    @nopoll
+    def read_freq(self):
+        self.read_value()
+        return self.freq
+
+    @nopoll
+    def read_loss(self):
+        self.read_value()
+        return self.loss
+
+    @nopoll
+    def read_voltage(self):
+        self.read_value()
+        return self.voltage
+
+    def write_freq(self, value):
+        self.value = self.parse_reply(self.communicate(f'FR {value:g};SI'))
+        return self.freq
+
+    def write_voltage(self, value):
+        self.value = self.parse_reply(self.communicate(f'V {value:g};SI'))
+        return self.voltage

frappy_psi/ccu4.py

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+#
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+"""drivers for CCU4, the cryostat control unit at SINQ"""
+# the most common Frappy classes can be imported from frappy.core
+from frappy.core import EnumType, FloatRange, \
+    HasIO, Parameter, Readable, StringIO, StatusType
+
+
+class CCU4IO(StringIO):
+    """communication with CCU4"""
+    # for completeness: (not needed, as it is the default)
+    end_of_line = '\n'
+    # on connect, we send 'cid' and expect a reply starting with 'CCU4'
+    identification = [('cid', r'CCU4.*')]
+
+
+# inheriting HasIO allows us to use the communicate method for talking with the hardware
+# Readable as a base class defines the value and status parameters
+class HeLevel(HasIO, Readable):
+    """He Level channel of CCU4"""
+
+    # define the communication class to create the IO module
+    ioClass = CCU4IO
+
+    # define or alter the parameters
+    # as Readable.value exists already, we give only the modified property 'unit'
+    value = Parameter(unit='%')
+    empty_length = Parameter('warm length when empty', FloatRange(0, 2000, unit='mm'),
+                             readonly=False)
+    full_length = Parameter('warm length when full', FloatRange(0, 2000, unit='mm'),
+                            readonly=False)
+    sample_rate = Parameter('sample rate', EnumType(slow=0, fast=1), readonly=False)
+
+    status = Parameter(datatype=StatusType(Readable, 'DISABLED'))
+
+    # conversion of the code from the CCU4 parameter 'hsf'
+    STATUS_MAP = {
+        0: (StatusType.IDLE, 'sensor ok'),
+        1: (StatusType.ERROR, 'sensor warm'),
+        2: (StatusType.ERROR, 'no sensor'),
+        3: (StatusType.ERROR, 'timeout'),
+        4: (StatusType.ERROR, 'not yet read'),
+        5: (StatusType.DISABLED, 'disabled'),
+    }
+
+    def query(self, cmd):
+        """send a query and get the response
+
+        :param cmd: the name of the parameter to query or '<parameter>=<value'
+                    for changing a parameter
+        :returns: the (new) value of the parameter
+        """
+        name, txtvalue = self.communicate(cmd).split('=')
+        assert name == cmd.split('=')[0]  # check that we got a reply to our command
+        return float(txtvalue)
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return self.query('h')
+
+    def read_status(self):
+        return self.STATUS_MAP[int(self.query('hsf'))]
+
+    def read_empty_length(self):
+        return self.query('hem')
+
+    def write_empty_length(self, value):
+        return self.query(f'hem={value:g}')
+
+    def read_full_length(self):
+        return self.query('hfu')
+
+    def write_full_length(self, value):
+        return self.query(f'hfu={value:g}')
+
+    def read_sample_rate(self):
+        return self.query('hf')
+
+    def write_sample_rate(self, value):
+        return self.query(f'hf={int(value)}')

frappy_psi/channelswitcher.py

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+"""channel switcher Mixin
+
+Example Config File:
+
+[sw]
+description=the switcher for blabla channels
+class=frappy_facility.module.YourChannelSwitcher
+uri=...
+
+[chan1]
+description=channel 1
+class=frappy_facility.module.YourChannel
+switcher=sw
+
+[chan2]
+...
+"""
+
+import time
+
+from frappy.datatypes import IntRange, BoolType, FloatRange
+from frappy.core import Attached, Property, Drivable, Parameter, Readable
+
+
+class ChannelSwitcher(Drivable):
+    """base class for the channel switcher
+
+    minimum implementation:
+    - override :meth:`set_active_channel`
+
+    - <channel>.read_value() and <channel>.read_status() is called periodically
+      every <channel>.pollinterval on the active channel only
+    - <channel>.is_switching(...) is called every <switcher>.pollinterval
+      during switching period, until it is returning False
+    """
+    value = Parameter('the current channel number', IntRange(), needscfg=False)
+    target = Parameter('channel to select', IntRange(), needscfg=False)
+    status = Parameter(update_unchanged='never')
+    autoscan = Parameter('whether to scan automatically',
+                         BoolType(), readonly=False, default=True)
+    pollinterval = Parameter(default=1, export=False)
+    switch_delay = Parameter('the time needed to switch between channels',
+                             FloatRange(0, None), readonly=False, default=5)
+    measure_delay = Parameter('the time for staying at a channel',
+                              FloatRange(0, None), readonly=False,  default=2)
+
+    fast_poll = 0.1
+    channels = None  # dict <channel no> of <module object>
+    _start_measure = 0
+    _last_measure = 0
+    _start_switch = 0
+    _time_tol = 0.5
+    _first_channel = None
+
+    def earlyInit(self):
+        super().earlyInit()
+        self.channels = {}
+
+    def register_channel(self, mod):
+        """register module"""
+        if not self.channels:
+            self._first_channel = mod
+        self.channels[mod.channel] = mod
+
+    def set_active_channel(self, chan):
+        """tell the HW the active channel
+
+        :param chan: a channel object
+
+        to be implemented
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def next_channel(self, channelno):
+        next_channel = channelno
+        first_channel = None
+        for ch, mod in self.channels.items():
+            if mod.enabled:
+                if first_channel is None:
+                    first_channel = ch
+                if next_channel == ch:
+                    next_channel = None
+                elif next_channel is None:
+                    next_channel = ch
+                    break
+        else:
+            next_channel = first_channel
+        return next_channel
+
+    def read_status(self):
+        now = time.monotonic()
+        if self.status[0] == 'BUSY':
+            chan = self.channels[self.target]
+            if chan.is_switching(now, self._start_switch, self.switch_delay):
+                return self.status
+            self.setFastPoll(False)
+            self.status = 'IDLE', 'measure'
+            self.value = self.target
+            self._start_measure = self._last_measure = now
+            chan.read_value()
+            chan.read_status()
+            if self.measure_delay > self._time_tol:
+                return self.status
+        else:
+            chan = self.channels.get(self.value, self._first_channel)
+            self.read_value()  # this might modify autoscan or deadline!
+            if chan.enabled:
+                if self.target != self.value:  # may happen after startup
+                    self.target = self.value
+                next_measure = self._last_measure + chan.pollinterval
+                if now + self._time_tol > next_measure:
+                    chan.read_value()
+                    chan.read_status()
+                    self._last_measure = next_measure
+                if not self.autoscan or now + self._time_tol < self._start_measure + self.measure_delay:
+                    return self.status
+        next_channel = self.next_channel(self.value)
+        if next_channel == self.value:
+            return 'IDLE', 'single channel'
+        if next_channel is None:
+            return 'ERROR', 'no enabled channel'
+        self.write_target(next_channel)
+        return self.status
+
+    def write_pollinterval(self, value):
+        self._time_tol = min(1, value) * 0.5
+        return value
+
+    def write_target(self, channel):
+        if channel not in self.channels:
+            raise ValueError(f'{channel!r} is no valid channel')
+        if channel == self.target and self.channels[channel].enabled:
+            return channel
+        chan = self.channels[channel]
+        chan.enabled = True
+        self.set_active_channel(chan)
+        self._start_switch = time.monotonic()
+        self.status = 'BUSY', 'change channel'
+        self.setFastPoll(True, self.fast_poll)
+        return channel
+
+
+class Channel(Readable):
+    """base class for channels
+
+    you should override the datatype of the channel property,
+    in order to match the datatype of the switchers value
+    """
+    switcher = Attached()
+    channel = Property('channel number', IntRange())
+    enabled = Parameter('enabled flag', BoolType(), default=True)
+    value = Parameter(needscfg=False)
+
+    def initModule(self):
+        super().initModule()
+        self.switcher.register_channel(self)
+
+    def doPoll(self):
+        """value and status are polled by switcher"""
+
+    def is_switching(self, now, last_switch, switch_delay):
+        """returns True when switching is done"""
+        return now + self.switcher._time_tol < last_switch + switch_delay

frappy_psi/convergence.py

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+#
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+from frappy.core import Parameter, FloatRange, BUSY, IDLE, WARN
+from frappy.states import HasStates
+from frappy.lib.statemachine import StateMachine, Retry, Stop
+
+
+class HasConvergence(HasStates):
+    """mixin for convergence checks
+
+    Implementation based on tolerance, settling time and timeout.
+    The algorithm does its best to support changes of these parameters on the
+    fly. However, the full history is not considered, which means for example
+    that the spent time inside tolerance stored already is not altered when
+    changing tolerance.
+    """
+    tolerance = Parameter('absolute tolerance', FloatRange(0, unit='$'), readonly=False, default=0)
+    settling_time = Parameter(
+        '''settling time
+
+        total amount of time the value has to be within tolerance before switching to idle.
+        ''', FloatRange(0, unit='sec'), readonly=False, default=60)
+    timeout = Parameter(
+        '''timeout
+
+        timeout = 0: disabled, else:
+        A timeout event happens, when the difference abs(<target> - <value>) drags behind
+        the expected difference for longer than <timeout>. The expected difference is determined
+        by parameters 'workingramp' or 'ramp'. If ramp is not available, an exponential decay of
+        the difference with <tolerance> as time constant is expected.
+        As soon as the value is the first time within tolerance, the timeout criterium is changed:
+        then the timeout event happens after this time + <settling_time> + <timeout>.
+        ''', FloatRange(0, unit='sec'), readonly=False, default=3600)
+    status = Parameter('status determined from convergence checks', default=(IDLE, ''))
+    convergence_state = None
+
+    def earlyInit(self):
+        super().earlyInit()
+        self.convergence_state = StateMachine(threaded=False, logger=self.log,
+                                              cleanup=self.cleanup, spent_inside=0)
+
+    def cleanup(self, state):
+        state.default_cleanup(state)
+        if state.stopped:
+            if state.stopped is Stop:  # and not Restart
+                self.status = WARN, 'stopped'
+        else:
+            self.status = WARN, repr(state.last_error)
+
+    def doPoll(self):
+        super().doPoll()
+        state = self.convergence_state
+        state.cycle()
+
+    def get_min_slope(self, dif):
+        slope = getattr(self, 'workingramp', 0) or getattr(self, 'ramp', 0)
+        if slope or not self.timeout:
+            return slope
+        return dif / self.timeout  # assume exponential decay of dif, with time constant <tolerance>
+
+    def get_dif_tol(self):
+        value = self.read_value()
+        tol = self.tolerance
+        if not tol:
+            tol = 0.01 * max(abs(self.target), abs(value))
+        dif = abs(self.target - value)
+        return dif, tol
+
+    def start_state(self):
+        """to be called from write_target"""
+        self.convergence_state.start(self.state_approach)
+
+    def state_approach(self, state):
+        """approaching, checking progress (busy)"""
+        state.spent_inside = 0
+        dif, tol = self.get_dif_tol()
+        if dif < tol:
+            state.timeout_base = state.now
+            return self.state_inside
+        if not self.timeout:
+            return Retry
+        if state.init:
+            state.timeout_base = state.now
+            state.dif_crit = dif  # criterium for resetting timeout base
+            self.status = BUSY, 'approaching'
+        state.dif_crit -= self.get_min_slope(dif) * state.delta()
+        if dif < state.dif_crit:  # progress is good: reset timeout base
+            state.timeout_base = state.now
+        elif state.now > state.timeout_base + self.timeout:
+            self.status = WARN, 'convergence timeout'
+            return self.state_instable
+        return Retry
+
+    def state_inside(self, state):
+        """inside tolerance, still busy"""
+        dif, tol = self.get_dif_tol()
+        if dif > tol:
+            return self.state_outside
+        state.spent_inside += state.delta()
+        if state.spent_inside > self.settling_time:
+            self.status = IDLE, 'reached target'
+            return self.state_stable
+        if state.init:
+            self.status = BUSY, 'inside tolerance'
+        return Retry
+
+    def state_outside(self, state):
+        """temporarely outside tolerance, busy"""
+        dif, tol = self.get_dif_tol()
+        if dif < tol:
+            return self.state_inside
+        if state.now > state.timeout_base + self.settling_time + self.timeout:
+            self.status = WARN, 'settling timeout'
+            return self.state_instable
+        if state.init:
+            self.status = BUSY, 'outside tolerance'
+        # do not reset the settling time on occasional outliers, count backwards instead
+        state.spent_inside = max(0.0, state.spent_inside - state.delta())
+        return Retry
+
+    def state_stable(self, state):
+        """stable, after settling_time spent within tolerance, idle"""
+        dif, tol = self.get_dif_tol()
+        if dif <= tol:
+            return Retry
+        self.status = WARN, 'instable'
+        state.spent_inside = max(self.settling_time, state.spent_inside)
+        return self.state_instable
+
+    def state_instable(self, state):
+        """went outside tolerance from stable, warning"""
+        dif, tol = self.get_dif_tol()
+        if dif <= tol:
+            state.spent_inside += state.delta()
+            if state.spent_inside > self.settling_time:
+                self.status = IDLE, 'stable'  # = recovered from instable
+                return self.state_stable
+        else:
+            state.spent_inside = max(0, state.spent_inside - state.delta())
+        return Retry
+
+    def state_interrupt(self, state):
+        """stopping"""
+        self.status = IDLE, 'stopped'  # stop called
+        return self.state_instable
+
+    def stop(self):
+        """set to idle when busy
+
+        does not stop control!
+        """
+        if self.isBusy():
+            self.convergence_state.start(self.state_interrupt)

frappy_psi/historywriter.py

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+import time
+import frappyhistory  # pylint: disable=import-error
+from frappy.datatypes import get_datatype, IntRange, FloatRange, ScaledInteger,\
+    EnumType, BoolType, StringType, TupleOf, StructOf
+
+
+def make_cvt_list(dt, tail=''):
+    """create conversion list
+
+    list of tuple (<conversion function>, <tail>, <curve options>)
+    tail is a postfix to be appended in case of tuples and structs
+    """
+    if isinstance(dt, (EnumType, IntRange, BoolType)):
+        return[(int, tail, {type: 'NUM'})]
+    if isinstance(dt, (FloatRange, ScaledInteger)):
+        return [(dt.import_value, tail,
+                 {'type': 'NUM', 'unit': dt.unit, 'period': 5} if dt.unit else {})]
+    if isinstance(dt, StringType):
+        return [(lambda x: x, tail, {'type': 'STR'})]
+    if isinstance(dt, TupleOf):
+        items = enumerate(dt.members)
+    elif isinstance(dt, StructOf):
+        items = dt.members.items()
+    else:
+        return []   # ArrayType, BlobType and TextType are ignored: too much data, probably not used
+    result = []
+    for subkey, elmtype in items:
+        for fun,  tail_, opts in make_cvt_list(elmtype, f'{tail}.{subkey}'):
+            result.append((lambda v, k=subkey, f=fun: f(v[k]), tail_, opts))
+    return result
+
+
+class FrappyHistoryWriter(frappyhistory.FrappyWriter):
+    """extend writer to be used as an internal frappy connection
+
+    API of frappyhistory.FrappyWriter:
+
+    :meth:`put_def`(key, opts):
+
+       define or overwrite a new curve named <key> with options from dict <opts>
+       options:
+
+          - type:
+              'NUM' (any number) or 'STR' (text)
+              remark: tuples and structs create multiple curves
+          - period:
+              the typical 'lifetime' of a value.
+              The intention is, that points in a chart may be connected by a straight line
+              when the distance is lower than this value. If not, the line should be drawn
+              horizontally from the last point to a point <period> before the next value.
+              For example a setpoint should have period 0, which will lead to a stepped
+              line, whereas for a measured value like a temperature, period should be
+              slightly bigger than the poll interval. In order to make full use of this,
+              we would need some additional parameter property.
+          - show: True/False, whether this curve should be shown or not by default in
+              a summary chart
+          - label: a label for the curve in the chart
+
+    :meth:`put`(timestamp, key, value)
+
+        timestamp: the timestamp. must not decrease!
+        key: the curve name
+        value: the value to be stored, converted to a string. '' indicates an undefined value
+
+    self.cache is a dict <key> of <value as string>, containing the last used value
+    """
+    def __init__(self, directory, predefined_names, dispatcher):
+        super().__init__(directory)
+        self.predefined_names = predefined_names
+        self.cvt_lists = {}  # dict <mod:param> of <conversion list>
+        self.activated = False
+        self.dispatcher = dispatcher
+        self._init_time = None
+
+    def init(self, msg):
+        """initialize from the 'describing' message"""
+        action, _, description = msg
+        assert action == 'describing'
+        self._init_time = time.time()
+
+        for modname, moddesc in description['modules'].items():
+            for pname, pdesc in moddesc['accessibles'].items():
+                ident = key = modname + ':' + pname
+                if pname.startswith('_') and pname[1:] not in self.predefined_names:
+                    key = modname + ':' + pname[1:]
+                dt = get_datatype(pdesc['datainfo'])
+                cvt_list = make_cvt_list(dt, key)
+                for _, hkey, opts in cvt_list:
+                    if pname == 'value':
+                        opts['period'] = opts.get('period', 0)
+                        opts['show'] = True
+                        opts['label'] = modname
+                    elif pname == 'target':
+                        opts['period'] = 0
+                        opts['label'] = modname + '_target'
+                        opts['show'] = True
+                    self.put_def(hkey, opts)
+                self.cvt_lists[ident] = cvt_list
+        # self.put(self._init_time, 'STR', 'vars', ' '.join(vars))
+        self.dispatcher.handle_activate(self, None, None)
+        self._init_time = None
+
+    def send_reply(self, msg):
+        action, ident, value = msg
+        if not action.endswith('update'):
+            print(f'unknown async message {msg!r}')
+            return
+        now = self._init_time or time.time()  # on initialisation, use the same timestamp for all
+        if action == 'update':
+            for fun, key, _ in self.cvt_lists[ident]:
+                # we only look at the value, qualifiers are ignored for now
+                # we do not use the timestamp here, as a potentially decreasing value might
+                # bring the reader software into trouble
+                self.put(now, key, str(fun(value[0])))
+
+        else:  # error_update
+            for _, key, _ in self.cvt_lists[ident]:
+                old = self.cache.get(key)
+                if old is None:
+                    return  # ignore if this key is not yet used
+                self.put(now, key, '')

frappy_psi/k2601b.py

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+"""Keithley 2601B 4 quadrant source meter
+
+* switching between voltage and current happens by setting their target
+* switching output off by setting the active parameter of the controlling
+  module to False.
+* setting the active parameter to True raises an error
+"""
+
+from frappy.core import Attached, BoolType, Done, EnumType, FloatRange, \
+    HasIO, Module, Parameter, Readable, StringIO, Writable
+
+
+class K2601bIO(StringIO):
+    identification = [('print(localnode.description)', 'Keithley Instruments SMU 2601B.*')]
+
+
+SOURCECMDS = {
+    0: 'reset()'
+       ' smua.source.output = 0 print("ok")',
+    1: 'reset()'
+       ' smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCAMPS'
+       ' display.smua.measure.func = display.MEASURE_DCVOLTS'
+       ' smua.source.autorangei = 1'
+       ' smua.source.output = 1 print("ok")',
+    2: 'reset()'
+       ' smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS'
+       ' display.smua.measure.func = display.MEASURE_DCAMPS'
+       ' smua.source.autorangev = 1'
+       ' smua.source.output = 1 print("ok")',
+}
+
+
+class SourceMeter(HasIO, Module):
+    export = False  # export for tests only
+    mode = Parameter('measurement mode', EnumType(off=0, current=1, voltage=2),
+                     readonly=False, export=False)
+    ilimit = Parameter('current limit', FloatRange(0, 2.0, unit='A'), default=2)
+    vlimit = Parameter('voltage limit', FloatRange(0, 2.0, unit='V'), default=2)
+
+    ioClass = K2601bIO
+
+    def read_mode(self):
+        return int(float(self.communicate('print((smua.source.func+1)*smua.source.output)')))
+
+    def write_mode(self, value):
+        assert self.communicate(SOURCECMDS[value]) == 'ok'
+        if value == 'current':
+            self.write_vlimit(self.vlimit)
+        elif value == 'voltage':
+            self.write_ilimit(self.ilimit)
+        return self.read_mode()
+
+    def read_ilimit(self):
+        if self.mode == 'current':
+            return self.ilimit
+        return float(self.communicate('print(smua.source.limiti)'))
+
+    def write_ilimit(self, value):
+        if self.mode == 'current':
+            return self.ilimit
+        return float(self.communicate(f'smua.source.limiti = {value:g} print(smua.source.limiti)'))
+
+    def read_vlimit(self):
+        if self.mode == 'voltage':
+            return self.ilimit
+        return float(self.communicate('print(smua.source.limitv)'))
+
+    def write_vlimit(self, value):
+        if self.mode == 'voltage':
+            return self.ilimit
+        return float(self.communicate(f'smua.source.limitv = {value:g} print(smua.source.limitv)'))
+
+
+class Power(HasIO, Readable):
+    value = Parameter('readback power', FloatRange(unit='W'))
+    ioClass = K2601bIO
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return float(self.communicate('print(smua.measure.p())'))
+
+
+class Resistivity(HasIO, Readable):
+    value = Parameter('readback resistivity', FloatRange(unit='Ohm'))
+    ioClass = K2601bIO
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return float(self.communicate('print(smua.measure.r())'))
+
+
+class Current(HasIO, Writable):
+    sourcemeter = Attached()
+
+    value = Parameter('measured current', FloatRange(unit='A'))
+    target = Parameter('set current', FloatRange(unit='A'))
+    active = Parameter('current is controlled', BoolType(), default=False)
+    limit = Parameter('current limit', FloatRange(0, 2.0, unit='A'), default=2)
+
+    def initModule(self):
+        super().initModule()
+        self.sourcemeter.registerCallbacks(self)
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return float(self.communicate('print(smua.measure.i())'))
+
+    def read_target(self):
+        return float(self.communicate('print(smua.source.leveli)'))
+
+    def write_target(self, value):
+        if value > self.sourcemeter.ilimit:
+            raise ValueError('current exceeds limit')
+        if not self.active:
+            self.sourcemeter.write_mode('current')   # triggers update_mode -> set active to True
+        value = float(self.communicate(f'smua.source.leveli = {value:g} print(smua.source.leveli)'))
+        return value
+
+    def read_limit(self):
+        return self.sourcemeter.read_ilimit()
+
+    def write_limit(self, value):
+        return self.sourcemeter.write_ilimit(value)
+
+    def update_mode(self, mode):
+        # will be called whenever the attached sourcemeters mode changes
+        self.active = mode == 'current'
+
+    def write_active(self, value):
+        self.sourcemeter.read_mode()
+        if value == self.value:
+            return Done
+        if value:
+            raise ValueError('activate only by setting target')
+        self.sourcemeter.write_mode('off')   # triggers update_mode -> set active to False
+        return Done
+
+
+class Voltage(HasIO, Writable):
+    sourcemeter = Attached()
+
+    value = Parameter('measured voltage', FloatRange(unit='V'))
+    target = Parameter('set voltage', FloatRange(unit='V'))
+    active = Parameter('voltage is controlled', BoolType())
+    limit = Parameter('voltage limit', FloatRange(0, 2.0, unit='V'), default=2)
+
+    def initModule(self):
+        super().initModule()
+        self.sourcemeter.registerCallbacks(self)
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return float(self.communicate('print(smua.measure.v())'))
+
+    def read_target(self):
+        return float(self.communicate('print(smua.source.levelv)'))
+
+    def write_target(self, value):
+        if value > self.sourcemeter.vlimit:
+            raise ValueError('voltage exceeds limit')
+        if not self.active:
+            self.sourcemeter.write_mode('voltage')  # triggers update_mode -> set active to True
+        value = float(self.communicate(f'smua.source.levelv = {value:g} print(smua.source.levelv)'))
+        return value
+
+    def read_limit(self):
+        return self.sourcemeter.read_vlimit()
+
+    def write_limit(self, value):
+        return self.sourcemeter.write_vlimit(value)
+
+    def update_mode(self, mode):
+        # will be called whenever the attached sourcemeters mode changes
+        self.active = mode == 'voltage'
+
+    def write_active(self, value):
+        self.sourcemeter.read_mode()
+        if value == self.value:
+            return Done
+        if value:
+            raise ValueError('activate only by setting target')
+        self.sourcemeter.write_mode('off')  # triggers update_mode -> set active to False
+        return Done

frappy_psi/lakeshore.py

@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Oksana Shliakhtun <oksana.shliakhtun@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+import math
+
+from frappy.core import Readable, Parameter, IntRange, EnumType, FloatRange, \
+    StringIO, HasIO, StringType, Property, Writable, Drivable, IDLE, ERROR, \
+    Attached, StructOf, WARN, Done, BoolType, Enum
+
+from frappy_psi.convergence import HasConvergence
+from frappy_psi.mixins import HasOutputModule, HasControlledBy
+
+
+class Ls340IO(StringIO):
+    """communication with 340CT"""
+    end_of_line = '\r'
+    wait_before = 0.05
+    identification = [('*IDN?', r'LSCI,MODEL340,.*')]
+
+
+class LakeShore(HasIO):
+    def set_par(self, cmd, *args):
+        head = ','.join([cmd] + [a if isinstance(a, str) else f'{a:g}' for a in args])
+        tail = cmd.replace(' ', '? ')
+        reply = self.communicate(f'{head};{tail}')
+        result = []
+        for num in reply.split(','):
+            try:
+                result.append(float(num))
+            except ValueError:
+                result.append(num)
+        if len(result) == 1:
+            return result[0]
+        return result
+
+    def get_par(self, cmd):
+        reply = self.communicate(cmd)
+        result = []
+        for num in reply.split(','):
+            try:
+                result.append(float(num))
+            except ValueError:
+                result.append(num)
+        if len(result) == 1:
+            return result[0]
+        return result
+
+
+class Sensor340(LakeShore, Readable):
+    """A channel of 340TC"""
+
+    # define the communication class to create the IO module
+    ioClass = Ls340IO
+    channel = Property('lakeshore channel', StringType())
+    alarm = Parameter('alarm limit', FloatRange(unit='K'), readonly=False)
+    # define or alter the parameters
+    # as Readable.value exists already, we give only the modified property 'unit'
+    value = Parameter(unit='K')
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return self.get_par(f'KRDG? {self.channel}')
+
+    def read_status(self):
+        c = int(self.get_par(f'RDGST? {self.channel}'))
+        if c >= 128:
+            return ERROR, 'units overrange'
+        if c >= 64:
+            return ERROR, 'units zero'
+        if c >= 32:
+            return ERROR, 'temperature overrange'
+        if c >= 16:
+            return ERROR, 'temperature underrange'
+        # do not check for old reading -> this happens regularly on NTCs with T comp
+        if c % 2:
+            return ERROR, 'invalid reading'
+        # ask for high alarm status and return warning
+        if 1 in self.get_par(f'ALARMST? {self.channel}'):
+            return WARN, 'alarm triggered'
+        return IDLE, ''
+
+    def write_alarm(self, alarm):
+        return self.set_par(f'ALARM {self.channel}', 1, 1, alarm, 0, 0, 2)[2]
+
+    def read_alarm(self):
+        return self.get_par(f'ALARM? {self.channel}')[2]
+
+
+class HeaterOutput(LakeShore, HasControlledBy, HasIO, Writable):
+    max_power = Parameter('max heater power', datatype=FloatRange(0, 100), unit='W', readonly=False)
+    value = Parameter('heater output', datatype=FloatRange(0, 100), unit='W')
+    target = Parameter('manual heater output', datatype=FloatRange(0, 100), unit='W')
+    loop = Property('lakeshore loop', IntRange(1, 2), default=1)  # output
+    channel = Property('attached channel', StringType())  # input
+    resistance = Property('heater resistance', datatype=FloatRange(10, 100))
+    _range = 0
+    _max_power = 50
+
+    MAXCURRENTS = {1: 0.25, 2: 0.5, 3: 1.0, 4: 2.0}
+    RANGES = {1: 1e4, 2: 1e3, 3: 1e2, 4: 1e1, 5: 1}
+
+    SETPOINTLIMS = 999
+
+    STATUS_MAP = {
+        0: (IDLE, ''),
+        1: (ERROR, 'Power supply over voltage'),
+        2: (ERROR, 'Power supply under voltage'),
+        3: (ERROR, 'Output digital-to-analog Converter error'),
+        4: (ERROR, 'Current limit digital-to-analog converter error'),
+        5: (ERROR, 'Open heater load'),
+        6: (ERROR, 'Heater load less than 10 ohms')
+    }
+
+    def earlyInit(self):
+        super().earlyInit()
+        self.CHOICES = sorted([(maxcurrent ** 2 * factor, icurrent, irange)
+                               for irange, factor in self.RANGES.items()
+                               for icurrent, maxcurrent in self.MAXCURRENTS.items()])
+
+    def write_max_power(self, max_power):
+        prev = 0
+        for i, (factor, icurrent, irange) in enumerate(self.CHOICES):
+            power = min(factor * self.resistance, 2500 / self.resistance)
+            if power >= max_power:
+                if prev >= max_power * 0.9 or prev == power:
+                    icurrent, irange = self.CHOICES[i - 1][1:3]
+                break
+            prev = power
+        self._range = irange
+        self.set_par(f'CLIMIT {self.loop}', self.SETPOINTLIMS, 0, 0, icurrent, irange)
+        self.set_par(f'RANGE {irange}')
+        self.set_par(f'CDISP {self.loop}', 1, self.resistance, 1, 0)
+
+    def read_max_power(self):
+        setplimit, _, _, icurrent, irange = self.get_par(f'CLIMIT? {self.loop}')
+        # max_power from codes disregarding voltage limit:
+        self._max_power = self.MAXCURRENTS[icurrent] ** 2 * self.RANGES[irange] * self.resistance
+        # voltage limit = 50V:
+        max_power = min(self._max_power, 2500 / self.resistance)
+        return max_power
+
+    def set_range(self):
+        self.set_par('RANGE ', self._range)
+
+    def percent_to_power(self, percent):
+        return min((percent / 100) ** 2 * self._max_power,
+                   2500 / self.resistance)
+
+    def power_to_percent(self, power):
+        return (power / self._max_power) ** (1 / 2) * 100  # limit
+
+    def read_status(self):
+        return self.STATUS_MAP[self.get_par(f'HTRST?')]
+
+    def write_target(self, target):
+        self.self_controlled()
+        self.write_max_power(self.max_power)
+        self.set_heater_mode(3)  # 3=open loop
+        self.set_range()
+        percent = self.power_to_percent(target)
+        reply = self.set_par(f'MOUT {self.loop}', percent)
+        return self.percent_to_power(reply)
+
+    def set_heater_mode(self, mode):
+        self.set_par(f'CSET {self.loop}', self.channel, 1, 1, 0)
+        self.set_par(f'CMODE {self.loop}', int(mode))
+        return self.get_par(f'RANGE?')
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return self.percent_to_power(self.get_par(f'HTR?{self.loop}'))
+
+
+class HeaterOutput340(HeaterOutput):
+    resistance = Property('heater resistance', datatype=FloatRange(10, 100))
+
+    MAXCURRENTS = {1: 0.25, 2: 0.5, 3: 1.0, 4: 2.0}
+    RANGES = {1: 1e4, 2: 1e3, 3: 1e2, 4: 1e1, 5: 1}
+
+    STATUS_MAP = {
+        0: (IDLE, ''),
+        1: (ERROR, 'Power supply over voltage'),
+        2: (ERROR, 'Power supply under voltage'),
+        3: (ERROR, 'Output digital-to-analog Converter error'),
+        4: (ERROR, 'Current limit digital-to-analog converter error'),
+        5: (ERROR, 'Open heater load'),
+        6: (ERROR, 'Heater load less than 10 ohms')
+    }
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return self.percent_to_power(self.get_par(f'HTR?'))  # no loop to be given on 340
+
+
+class HeaterOutput336(HeaterOutput):
+
+    power = 20
+
+    STATUS_MAP = {
+        0: (IDLE, ''),
+        1: (ERROR, 'Open heater load'),
+        2: (ERROR, 'Heater short')
+    }
+
+    def write_max_power(self, max_power):
+        max_current = min(math.sqrt(self.power / self.resistance), 2500 / self.resistance)
+        if self.loop == 1:
+            max_current_limit = 2
+        else:
+            max_current_limit = 1.414
+        if max_current > max_current_limit:
+            raise RangeError('max_power above limit')
+        if max_current >= max_current_limit / math.sqrt(10):
+            self._range = 3
+            user_current = max_current
+        elif max_current >= max_current_limit / 10:
+            self._range = 2
+            user_current = max_current * math.sqrt(10)
+        else:
+            self._range = 1
+            user_current = max_current * math.sqrt(100)
+        self.set_par(f'HTRSET {self.loop}', <1 or 2>, 0, user_current, 1)
+        max_power = max_current ** 2 * self.resistance
+        self._max_power = max_power
+        self.set_range()
+        return max_power
+
+
+class TemperatureLoop340(HasConvergence, HasOutputModule, Sensor340, Drivable, LakeShore):
+    Status = Enum(
+        Drivable.Status,
+        RAMPING=370,
+        STABILIZING=380,
+    )
+
+    target = Parameter(unit='K')
+    ctrlpars = Parameter('PID parameters',
+                         StructOf(p=FloatRange(0, 1000), i=FloatRange(0, 1000), d=FloatRange(0, 1000)),
+                         readonly=False)
+    loop = Property('lakeshore loop', IntRange(1, 2), default=1)
+    ramp = Parameter('ramp rate', FloatRange(min=0, max=100), unit='K/min', readonly=False)
+    ramp_used = Parameter('whether ramp is used or not', BoolType(), readonly=False)
+    setpoint = Parameter('setpoint', datatype=FloatRange, unit='K')
+
+    def write_target(self, target):
+        out = self.output_module
+        if not self.control_active:
+            if self.ramp_used:
+                self.set_par(f'RAMP {self.loop}', 0, self.ramp)
+                self.set_par(f'SETP {self.loop}', self.value)
+                self.set_par(f'RAMP {self.loop}', 1, self.ramp)
+            out.write_target(0)
+            out.write_max_power(out.max_power)
+            out.set_heater_mode(1)  # closed loop
+        self.activate_output()
+        self.start_state()  # start the convergence check
+        out.set_range()
+        self.set_par(f'SETP {self.loop}', target)
+        return target
+
+    def read_setpoint(self):
+        setpoint = self.get_par(f'SETP?{self.loop}')
+        status = self.get_par(f'RAMPST? {self.loop}')
+        if status == 0:
+            self.target = setpoint
+        return setpoint
+
+    def write_ctrlpars(self, ctrlpars):
+        p, i, d = self.set_par(f'PID {self.loop}', ctrlpars['p'], ctrlpars['i'], ctrlpars['d'])
+        return {'p': p, 'i': i, 'd': d}
+
+    def read_ctrlpars(self):
+        p, i, d = self.get_par(f'PID? {self.loop}')
+        return {'p': p, 'i': i, 'd': d}
+
+    def read_ramp(self):
+        self.ramp_used, rate = self.get_par(f'RAMP? {self.loop}')
+        return rate
+
+    def write_ramp(self, ramp):
+        self.ramp_used = True
+        ramp = self.set_par(f'RAMP {self.loop}', self.ramp_used, ramp)[1]
+        # if self.control:
+        #     self.ramp = ramp
+        #     self.write_target(self.target)
+        #     return Done
+        return ramp
+
+    def write_ramp_used(self, ramp_used):
+        ramp_used = self.set_par(f'RAMP {self.loop}', ramp_used, self.ramp)[0]
+        if self.ramp_used and not ramp_used:
+            self.write_target(self.target)
+        return ramp_used
+
+    def read_status(self):
+        statuscode, statustext = self.status
+        if self.ramp_used:
+            if self.read_setpoint() == self.target:
+                statuscode = self.Status.STABILIZING
+            else:
+                statuscode = self.Status.RAMPING
+                statustext = 'ramping'
+        if statuscode != ERROR:
+            return Done
+        if self.convergence_state.is_active:
+            self.stop_machine((statuscode, statustext))
+        return ERROR, statustext
+
+
+

frappy_psi/ls370res.py

@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+"""LakeShore Model 370 resistance channel
+
+implements autoscan and autorange by software.
+when the autoscan or autorange button is pressed, the state is toggled,
+and the hardware mode switched off again.
+At startup, the configurable default mode is set, independent of
+the hardware state.
+"""
+
+import time
+
+import frappy.io
+from frappy.datatypes import BoolType, EnumType, FloatRange, IntRange, StatusType
+from frappy.lib import formatStatusBits
+from frappy.core import Done, Drivable, Parameter, Property, CommonReadHandler, CommonWriteHandler
+from frappy.io import HasIO
+from frappy_psi.channelswitcher import Channel, ChannelSwitcher
+
+Status = Drivable.Status
+
+
+STATUS_BIT_LABELS = 'CS_OVL VCM_OVL VMIX_OVL VDIF_OVL R_OVER R_UNDER T_OVER T_UNDER'.split()
+
+
+class StringIO(frappy.io.StringIO):
+    identification = [('*IDN?', 'LSCI,MODEL370,.*')]
+    wait_before = 0.05
+
+
+def parse_result(reply):
+    result = []
+    for strval in reply.split(','):
+        try:
+            result.append(int(strval))
+        except ValueError:
+            try:
+                result.append(float(strval))
+            except ValueError:
+                result.append(strval)
+    if len(result) == 1:
+        return result[0]
+    return result
+
+
+class LakeShoreIO(HasIO):
+    def set_param(self, cmd, *args):
+        head = ','.join([cmd] + [f'{a:g}' for a in args])
+        tail = cmd.replace(' ', '?')
+        reply = self.io.communicate(f'{head};{tail}')
+        return parse_result(reply)
+
+    def get_param(self, cmd):
+        reply = self.io.communicate(cmd)
+        return parse_result(reply)
+
+
+class Switcher(LakeShoreIO, ChannelSwitcher):
+    value = Parameter(datatype=IntRange(1, 16))
+    target = Parameter(datatype=IntRange(1, 16))
+    use_common_delays = Parameter('use switch_delay and measure_delay instead of the channels pause and dwell',
+                                  BoolType(), readonly=False, default=False)
+    common_pause = Parameter('pause with common delays', FloatRange(3, 200, unit='s'), readonly=False, default=3)
+    ioClass = StringIO
+    fast_poll = 1
+    _measure_delay = None
+    _switch_delay = None
+
+    def startModule(self, start_events):
+        super().startModule(start_events)
+        # disable unused channels
+        for ch in range(1, 16):
+            if ch not in self.channels:
+                self.communicate(f'INSET {ch},0,0,0,0,0;INSET?{ch}')
+        channelno, autoscan = self.get_param('SCAN?')
+        if channelno in self.channels and self.channels[channelno].enabled:
+            if not autoscan:
+                return  # nothing to do
+        else:
+            channelno = self.next_channel(channelno)
+            if channelno is None:
+                self.status = 'ERROR', 'no enabled channel'
+                return
+        self.set_param(f'SCAN {channelno},0')
+
+    def doPoll(self):
+        """poll buttons
+
+        and check autorange during filter time
+        """
+        super().doPoll()
+        self.channels[self.target].get_value()  # check range or read
+        channelno, autoscan = self.get_param('SCAN?')
+        if autoscan:
+            # pressed autoscan button: switch off HW autoscan and toggle soft autoscan
+            self.autoscan = not self.autoscan
+            self.communicate(f'SCAN {self.value},0;SCAN?')
+        if channelno != self.value:
+            # channel changed by keyboard
+            self.write_target(channelno)
+        chan = self.channels.get(channelno)
+        if chan is None:
+            channelno = self.next_channel(channelno)
+            if channelno is None:
+                raise ValueError('no channels enabled')
+            self.write_target(channelno)
+            chan = self.channels.get(self.value)
+        chan.read_autorange()
+        chan.fix_autorange()  # check for toggled autorange button
+        return Done
+
+    def write_switch_delay(self, value):
+        self._switch_delay = value
+        return super().write_switch_delay(value)
+
+    def write_measure_delay(self, value):
+        self._measure_delay = value
+        return super().write_measure_delay(value)
+
+    def write_use_common_delays(self, value):
+        if value:
+            # use values from a previous change, instead of
+            # the values from the current channel
+            if self._measure_delay is not None:
+                self.measure_delay = self._measure_delay
+            if self._switch_delay is not None:
+                self.switch_delay = self._switch_delay
+        return value
+
+    def set_delays(self, chan):
+        if self.use_common_delays:
+            if chan.dwell != self.measure_delay:
+                chan.write_dwell(self.measure_delay)
+            if chan.pause != self.common_pause:
+                chan.write_pause(self.common_pause)
+            filter_ = max(0, self.switch_delay - self.common_pause)
+            if chan.filter != filter_:
+                chan.write_filter(filter_)
+        else:
+            # switch_delay and measure_delay is changing with channel
+            self.switch_delay = chan.pause + chan.filter
+            self.measure_delay = chan.dwell
+
+    def set_active_channel(self, chan):
+        self.set_param(f'SCAN {chan.channel},0')
+        chan._last_range_change = time.monotonic()
+        self.set_delays(chan)
+
+
+class ResChannel(LakeShoreIO, Channel):
+    """temperature channel on Lakeshore 370"""
+
+    RES_RANGE = {key: i+1 for i, key in list(
+        enumerate(mag % val for mag in ['%gmOhm', '%gOhm', '%gkOhm', '%gMOhm']
+                  for val in [2, 6.32, 20, 63.2, 200, 632]))[:-2]}
+    CUR_RANGE = {key: i + 1 for i, key in list(
+        enumerate(mag % val for mag in ['%gpA', '%gnA', '%guA', '%gmA']
+                  for val in [1, 3.16, 10, 31.6, 100, 316]))[:-2]}
+    VOLT_RANGE = {key: i + 1 for i, key in list(
+        enumerate(mag % val for mag in ['%guV', '%gmV']
+                  for val in [2, 6.32, 20, 63.2, 200, 632]))}
+    RES_SCALE = [2 * 10 ** (0.5 * i) for i in range(-7, 16)]  # RES_SCALE[0] is not used
+    MAX_RNG = len(RES_SCALE) - 1
+
+    channel = Property('the Lakeshore channel', datatype=IntRange(1, 16), export=False)
+
+    value = Parameter(datatype=FloatRange(unit='Ohm'))
+    status = Parameter(datatype=StatusType(Drivable, 'DISABLED'))
+    pollinterval = Parameter(visibility=3, default=1)
+    range = Parameter('reading range', readonly=False,
+                      datatype=EnumType(**RES_RANGE))
+    minrange = Parameter('minimum range for software autorange', readonly=False, default=1,
+                         datatype=EnumType(**RES_RANGE))
+    autorange = Parameter('autorange', datatype=BoolType(),
+                          readonly=False, default=1)
+    iexc = Parameter('current excitation', datatype=EnumType(off=0, **CUR_RANGE), readonly=False)
+    vexc = Parameter('voltage excitation', datatype=EnumType(off=0, **VOLT_RANGE), readonly=False)
+    enabled = Parameter('is this channel enabled?', datatype=BoolType(), readonly=False)
+    pause = Parameter('pause after channel change', datatype=FloatRange(3, 60, unit='s'), readonly=False)
+    dwell = Parameter('dwell time with autoscan', datatype=FloatRange(1, 200, unit='s'), readonly=False)
+    filter = Parameter('filter time', datatype=FloatRange(1, 200, unit='s'), readonly=False)
+
+    _toggle_autorange = 'init'
+    _prev_rdgrng = (1, 1)  # last read values for icur and exc
+    _last_range_change = 0
+    rdgrng_params = 'range', 'iexc', 'vexc'
+    inset_params = 'enabled', 'pause', 'dwell'
+
+    def initModule(self):
+        # take io from switcher
+        # pylint: disable=unsupported-assignment-operation
+        self.attachedModules['io'] = self.switcher.io  # pylint believes this is None
+        super().initModule()
+
+    def read_status(self):
+        if not self.enabled:
+            return [self.Status.DISABLED, 'disabled']
+        if not self.channel == self.switcher.value == self.switcher.target:
+            return Done
+        result = self.get_param(f'RDGST?{self.channel}')
+        result &= 0x37  # mask T_OVER and T_UNDER (change this when implementing temperatures instead of resistances)
+        statustext = ' '.join(formatStatusBits(result, STATUS_BIT_LABELS))
+        if statustext:
+            return [self.Status.ERROR, statustext]
+        return [self.Status.IDLE, '']
+
+    def get_value(self):
+        """read value, without update"""
+        now = time.monotonic()
+        if now + 0.5 < max(self._last_range_change, self.switcher._start_switch) + self.pause:
+            return None
+        result = self.get_param(f'RDGR{self.channel}')
+        if self.autorange:
+            self.fix_autorange()
+            if now + 0.5 > self._last_range_change + self.pause:
+                rng = int(max(self.minrange, self.range))  # convert from enum to int
+                if self.status[1] == '':
+                    if abs(result) > self.RES_SCALE[rng]:
+                        if rng < 22:
+                            rng += 1
+                    else:
+                        lim = 0.2
+                        while rng > self.minrange and abs(result) < lim * self.RES_SCALE[rng]:
+                            rng -= 1
+                            lim -= 0.05  # not more than 4 steps at once
+                        # effectively: <0.16 %: 4 steps, <1%: 3 steps, <5%: 2 steps, <20%: 1 step
+                elif rng < self.MAX_RNG:
+                    rng = min(self.MAX_RNG, rng + 1)
+                if rng != self.range:
+                    self.write_range(rng)
+                    self._last_range_change = now
+        return result
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        if self.channel == self.switcher.value == self.switcher.target:
+            value = self._read_value()
+            if value is not None:
+                return value
+        return self.value  # return previous value
+
+    def is_switching(self, now, last_switch, switch_delay):
+        last_switch = max(last_switch, self._last_range_change)
+        if now + 0.5 > last_switch + self.pause:
+            self.get_value()  # adjust range only
+        return super().is_switching(now, last_switch, switch_delay)
+
+    @CommonReadHandler(rdgrng_params)
+    def read_rdgrng(self):
+        iscur, exc, rng, autorange, excoff = self.get_param(f'RDGRNG{self.channel}')
+        self._prev_rdgrng = iscur, exc
+        if autorange:  # pressed autorange button
+            if not self._toggle_autorange:
+                self._toggle_autorange = True
+        iexc = 0 if excoff or not iscur else exc
+        vexc = 0 if excoff or iscur else exc
+        if (rng, iexc, vexc) != (self.range, self.iexc, self.vexc):
+            self._last_range_change = time.monotonic()
+        self.range, self.iexc, self.vexc = rng, iexc, vexc
+
+    @CommonWriteHandler(rdgrng_params)
+    def write_rdgrng(self, change):
+        self.read_range()  # make sure autorange is handled
+        if 'vexc' in change:  # in case vext is changed, do not consider iexc
+            change['iexc'] = 0
+        if change['iexc']:
+            iscur = 1
+            exc = change['iexc']
+            excoff = 0
+        elif change['vexc']:
+            iscur = 0
+            exc = change['vexc']
+            excoff = 0
+        else:
+            iscur, exc = self._prev_rdgrng  # set to last read values
+            excoff = 1
+        rng = change['range']
+        if self.autorange:
+            if rng < self.minrange:
+                rng = self.minrange
+        self.set_param(f'RDGRNG {self.channel}', iscur, exc, rng, 0, excoff)
+        self.read_range()
+
+    def fix_autorange(self):
+        if self._toggle_autorange:
+            if self._toggle_autorange == 'init':
+                self.write_autorange(True)
+            else:
+                self.write_autorange(not self.autorange)
+            self._toggle_autorange = False
+
+    @CommonReadHandler(inset_params)
+    def read_inset(self):
+        # ignore curve no and temperature coefficient
+        self.enabled, self.dwell, self.pause, _, _ = self.get_param(f'INSET?{self.channel}')
+
+    @CommonWriteHandler(inset_params)
+    def write_inset(self, change):
+        _, _, _, curve, tempco = self.get_param(f'INSET?{self.channel}')
+        self.enabled, self.dwell, self.pause, _, _ = self.set_param(
+            f'INSET {self.channel}', change['enabled'], change['dwell'], change['pause'],
+            curve, tempco)
+        if 'enabled' in change and change['enabled']:
+            # switch to enabled channel
+            self.switcher.write_target(self.channel)
+        elif self.switcher.target == self.channel:
+            self.switcher.set_delays(self)
+
+    def read_filter(self):
+        on, settle, _ = on, settle, _ = self.get_param(f'FILTER?{self.channel}')
+        return settle if on else 0
+
+    def write_filter(self, value):
+        on = 1 if value else 0
+        value = max(1, value)
+        on, settle, _ = self.set_param(f'FILTER?{self.channel}', on, value, self.channel)
+        if not on:
+            settle = 0
+        return settle

frappy_psi/mercury.py

@@ -0,0 +1,541 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+"""oxford instruments mercury family"""
+
+
+import math
+import re
+import time
+
+from frappy.core import Drivable, HasIO, Writable, \
+    Parameter, Property, Readable, StringIO, Attached, IDLE, nopoll
+from frappy.datatypes import EnumType, FloatRange, StringType, StructOf, BoolType
+from frappy.errors import HardwareError
+from frappy_psi.convergence import HasConvergence
+from frappy.lib.enum import Enum
+
+
+VALUE_UNIT = re.compile(r'(.*\d|inf)([A-Za-z/%]*)$')
+SELF = 0
+
+
+def as_float(value):
+    if isinstance(value, str):
+        return float(VALUE_UNIT.match(value).group(1))
+    return f'{value:g}'
+
+
+def as_string(value):
+    return value
+
+
+class Mapped:
+    def __init__(self, **kwds):
+        self.mapping = kwds
+        self.mapping.update({v: k for k, v in kwds.items()})
+
+    def __call__(self, value):
+        return self.mapping[value]
+
+
+off_on = Mapped(OFF=False, ON=True)
+fast_slow = Mapped(ON=0, OFF=1)  # maps OIs slow=ON/fast=OFF to sample_rate.slow=0/sample_rate.fast=1
+
+
+class IO(StringIO):
+    identification = [('*IDN?', r'IDN:OXFORD INSTRUMENTS:MERCURY*')]
+
+
+class MercuryChannel(HasIO):
+    slot = Property('''slot uids
+    
+                    example: DB6.T1,DB1.H1
+                    slot ids for sensor (and control output)''',
+                    StringType())
+    channel_name = Parameter('mercury nick name', StringType(), default='', update_unchanged='never')
+    channel_type = ''  #: channel type(s) for sensor (and control) e.g. TEMP,HTR or PRES,AUX
+
+    def _complete_adr(self, adr):
+        """complete address from channel_type and slot"""
+        head, sep, tail = adr.partition(':')
+        for i, (channel_type, slot) in enumerate(zip(self.channel_type.split(','), self.slot.split(','))):
+            if head == str(i):
+                return f'DEV:{slot}:{channel_type}{sep}{tail}'
+            if head == channel_type:
+                return f'DEV:{slot}:{head}{sep}{tail}'
+        return adr
+
+    def multiquery(self, adr, names=(), convert=as_float):
+        """get parameter(s) in mercury syntax
+
+        :param adr: the 'address part' of the SCPI command
+                    the DEV:<slot> is added automatically, when adr starts with the channel type
+                    in addition, when adr starts with '0:' or '1:', channel type and slot are added
+        :param names: the SCPI names of the parameter(s), for example ['TEMP']
+        :param convert: a converter function (converts replied string to value)
+        :return:  the values as tuple
+
+        Example:
+            adr='AUX:SIG'
+            names = ('PERC',)
+            self.channel_type='PRES,AUX'    # adr starts with 'AUX'
+            self.slot='DB5.P1,DB3.G1'       # -> take second slot
+        -> query command will be READ:DEV:DB3.G1:PRES:SIG:PERC
+        """
+        adr = self._complete_adr(adr)
+        cmd = f"READ:{adr}:{':'.join(names)}"
+        reply = self.communicate(cmd)
+        head = f'STAT:{adr}:'
+        try:
+            assert reply.startswith(head)
+            replyiter = iter(reply[len(head):].split(':'))
+            keys, result = zip(*zip(replyiter, replyiter))
+            assert keys == tuple(names)
+            return tuple(convert(r) for r in result)
+        except (AssertionError, AttributeError, ValueError):
+            raise HardwareError(f'invalid reply {reply!r} to cmd {cmd!r}') from None
+
+    def multichange(self, adr, values, convert=as_float):
+        """set parameter(s) in mercury syntax
+
+        :param adr: as in see multiquery method
+        :param values: [(name1, value1), (name2, value2) ...]
+        :param convert: a converter function (converts given value to string and replied string to value)
+        :return:  the values as tuple
+
+        Example:
+            adr='0:LOOP'
+            values = [('P', 5), ('I', 2), ('D', 0)]
+            self.channel_type='TEMP,HTR'   # adr starts with 0: take TEMP
+            self.slot='DB6.T1,DB1.H1'      # and take first slot
+        -> change command will be SET:DEV:DB6.T1:TEMP:LOOP:P:5:I:2:D:0
+        """
+        adr = self._complete_adr(adr)
+        params = [f'{k}:{convert(v)}' for k, v in values]
+        cmd = f"SET:{adr}:{':'.join(params)}"
+        reply = self.communicate(cmd)
+        head = f'STAT:SET:{adr}:'
+
+        try:
+            assert reply.startswith(head)
+            replyiter = iter(reply[len(head):].split(':'))
+            keys, result, valid = zip(*zip(replyiter, replyiter, replyiter))
+            assert keys == tuple(k for k, _ in values)
+            assert any(v == 'VALID' for v in valid)
+            return tuple(convert(r) for r in result)
+        except (AssertionError, AttributeError, ValueError) as e:
+            raise HardwareError(f'invalid reply {reply!r} to cmd {cmd!r}') from e
+
+    def query(self, adr, convert=as_float):
+        """query a single parameter
+
+        'adr' and 'convert' areg
+        """
+        adr, _, name = adr.rpartition(':')
+        return self.multiquery(adr, [name], convert)[0]
+
+    def change(self, adr, value, convert=as_float):
+        adr, _, name = adr.rpartition(':')
+        return self.multichange(adr, [(name, value)], convert)[0]
+
+    def read_channel_name(self):
+        if self.channel_name:
+            return self.channel_name  # channel name will not change
+        return self.query('0:NICK', as_string)
+
+
+class TemperatureSensor(MercuryChannel, Readable):
+    channel_type = 'TEMP'
+    value = Parameter(unit='K')
+    raw = Parameter('raw value', FloatRange(unit='Ohm'))
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return self.query('TEMP:SIG:TEMP')
+
+    def read_raw(self):
+        return self.query('TEMP:SIG:RES')
+
+
+class HasInput(MercuryChannel):
+    controlled_by = Parameter('source of target value', EnumType(members={'self': SELF}), default=0)
+    target = Parameter(readonly=False)
+    input_modules = ()
+
+    def add_input(self, modobj):
+        if not self.input_modules:
+            self.input_modules = []
+        self.input_modules.append(modobj)
+        prev_enum = self.parameters['controlled_by'].datatype._enum
+        # add enum member, using autoincrement feature of Enum
+        self.parameters['controlled_by'].datatype = EnumType(Enum(prev_enum, **{modobj.name: None}))
+
+    def write_controlled_by(self, value):
+        if self.controlled_by == value:
+            return value
+        self.controlled_by = value
+        if value == SELF:
+            self.log.warning('switch to manual mode')
+            for input_module in self.input_modules:
+                if input_module.control_active:
+                    input_module.write_control_active(False)
+        return value
+
+
+class Loop(HasConvergence, MercuryChannel, Drivable):
+    """common base class for loops"""
+    control_active = Parameter('control mode', BoolType())
+    output_module = Attached(HasInput, mandatory=False)
+    ctrlpars = Parameter(
+        'pid (proportional band, integral time, differential time',
+        StructOf(p=FloatRange(0, unit='$'), i=FloatRange(0, unit='min'), d=FloatRange(0, unit='min')),
+        readonly=False,
+    )
+    enable_pid_table = Parameter('', BoolType(), readonly=False)
+
+    def initModule(self):
+        super().initModule()
+        if self.output_module:
+            self.output_module.add_input(self)
+
+    def set_output(self, active):
+        if active:
+            if self.output_module and self.output_module.controlled_by != self.name:
+                self.output_module.controlled_by = self.name
+        else:
+            if self.output_module and self.output_module.controlled_by != SELF:
+                self.output_module.write_controlled_by(SELF)
+            status = IDLE, 'control inactive'
+            if self.status != status:
+                self.status = status
+
+    def set_target(self, target):
+        if self.control_active:
+            self.set_output(True)
+        else:
+            self.log.warning('switch loop control on')
+            self.write_control_active(True)
+        self.target = target
+        self.start_state()
+
+    def read_enable_pid_table(self):
+        return self.query('0:LOOP:PIDT', off_on)
+
+    def write_enable_pid_table(self, value):
+        return self.change('0:LOOP:PIDT', value, off_on)
+
+    def read_ctrlpars(self):
+        # read all in one go, in order to reduce comm. traffic
+        pid = self.multiquery('0:LOOP', ('P', 'I', 'D'))
+        return {k: float(v) for k, v in zip('pid', pid)}
+
+    def write_ctrlpars(self, value):
+        pid = self.multichange('0:LOOP', [(k, value[k.lower()]) for k in 'PID'])
+        return {k.lower(): v for k, v in zip('PID', pid)}
+
+
+class HeaterOutput(HasInput, MercuryChannel, Writable):
+    """heater output
+
+    Remark:
+    The hardware calculates the power from the voltage and the configured
+    resistivity. As the measured heater current is available, the resistivity
+    will be adjusted automatically, when true_power is True.
+    """
+    channel_type = 'HTR'
+    value = Parameter('heater output', FloatRange(unit='W'), readonly=False)
+    status = Parameter(update_unchanged='never')
+    target = Parameter('heater output', FloatRange(0, 100, unit='$'), readonly=False, update_unchanged='never')
+    resistivity = Parameter('heater resistivity', FloatRange(10, 1000, unit='Ohm'),
+                            readonly=False)
+    true_power = Parameter('calculate power from measured current', BoolType(), readonly=False, default=True)
+    limit = Parameter('heater output limit', FloatRange(0, 1000, unit='W'), readonly=False)
+    volt = 0.0  # target voltage
+    _last_target = None
+    _volt_target = None
+
+    def read_limit(self):
+        return self.query('HTR:VLIM') ** 2 / self.resistivity
+
+    def write_limit(self, value):
+        result = self.change('HTR:VLIM', math.sqrt(value * self.resistivity))
+        return result ** 2 / self.resistivity
+
+    def read_resistivity(self):
+        if self.true_power:
+            return self.resistivity
+        return max(10, self.query('HTR:RES'))
+
+    def write_resistivity(self, value):
+        self.resistivity = self.change('HTR:RES', max(10, value))
+        if self._last_target is not None:
+            if not self.true_power:
+                self._volt_target = math.sqrt(self._last_target * self.resistivity)
+            self.change('HTR:SIG:VOLT', self._volt_target)
+        return self.resistivity
+
+    def read_status(self):
+        return IDLE, ('true power' if self.true_power else 'fixed resistivity')
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        if self._last_target is None:  # on init
+            self.read_target()
+        if not self.true_power:
+            volt = self.query('HTR:SIG:VOLT')
+            return volt ** 2 / max(10, self.resistivity)
+        volt, current = self.multiquery('HTR:SIG', ('VOLT', 'CURR'))
+        if volt > 0 and current > 0.0001 and self._last_target:
+            res = volt / current
+            tol = res * max(max(0.0003, abs(volt - self._volt_target)) / volt, 0.0001 / current, 0.0001)
+            if abs(res - self.resistivity) > tol + 0.07 and self._last_target:
+                self.write_resistivity(round(res, 1))
+                if self.controlled_by == 0:
+                    self._volt_target = math.sqrt(self._last_target * self.resistivity)
+                    self.change('HTR:SIG:VOLT', self._volt_target)
+        return volt * current
+
+    def read_target(self):
+        if self.controlled_by != 0 and self.target:
+            return 0
+        if self._last_target is not None:
+            return self.target
+        self._volt_target = self.query('HTR:SIG:VOLT')
+        self.resistivity = max(10, self.query('HTR:RES'))
+        self._last_target = self._volt_target ** 2 / max(10, self.resistivity)
+        return self._last_target
+
+    def set_target(self, value):
+        """set the target without switching to manual
+
+        might be used by a software loop
+        """
+        self._volt_target = math.sqrt(value * self.resistivity)
+        self.change('HTR:SIG:VOLT', self._volt_target)
+        self._last_target = value
+        return value
+
+    def write_target(self, value):
+        self.write_controlled_by(SELF)
+        return self.set_target(value)
+
+
+class TemperatureLoop(TemperatureSensor, Loop, Drivable):
+    channel_type = 'TEMP,HTR'
+    output_module = Attached(HeaterOutput, mandatory=False)
+    ramp = Parameter('ramp rate', FloatRange(0, unit='K/min'), readonly=False)
+    enable_ramp = Parameter('enable ramp rate', BoolType(), readonly=False)
+    setpoint = Parameter('working setpoint (differs from target when ramping)', FloatRange(0, unit='$'))
+    auto_flow = Parameter('enable auto flow', BoolType(), readonly=False)
+    _last_setpoint_change = None
+
+    def doPoll(self):
+        super().doPoll()
+        self.read_setpoint()
+
+    def read_control_active(self):
+        active = self.query('TEMP:LOOP:ENAB', off_on)
+        self.set_output(active)
+        return active
+
+    def write_control_active(self, value):
+        self.set_output(value)
+        return self.change('TEMP:LOOP:ENAB', value, off_on)
+
+    @nopoll  # polled by read_setpoint
+    def read_target(self):
+        if self.read_enable_ramp():
+            return self.target
+        self.setpoint = self.query('TEMP:LOOP:TSET')
+        return self.setpoint
+
+    def read_setpoint(self):
+        setpoint = self.query('TEMP:LOOP:TSET')
+        if self.enable_ramp:
+            if setpoint == self.setpoint:
+                # update target when working setpoint does no longer change
+                if setpoint != self.target and self._last_setpoint_change is not None:
+                    unchanged_since = time.time() - self._last_setpoint_change
+                    if unchanged_since > max(12.0, 0.06 / max(1e-4, self.ramp)):
+                        self.target = self.setpoint
+                return setpoint
+            self._last_setpoint_change = time.time()
+        else:
+            self.target = setpoint
+        return setpoint
+
+    def write_target(self, value):
+        target = self.change('TEMP:LOOP:TSET', value)
+        if self.enable_ramp:
+            self._last_setpoint_change = None
+            self.set_target(value)
+        else:
+            self.set_target(target)
+        return self.target
+
+    def read_enable_ramp(self):
+        return self.query('TEMP:LOOP:RENA', off_on)
+
+    def write_enable_ramp(self, value):
+        return self.change('TEMP:LOOP:RENA', value, off_on)
+
+    def read_auto_flow(self):
+        return self.query('TEMP:LOOP:FAUT', off_on)
+
+    def write_auto_flow(self, value):
+        return self.change('TEMP:LOOP:FAUT', value, off_on)
+
+    def read_ramp(self):
+        result = self.query('TEMP:LOOP:RSET')
+        return min(9e99, result)
+
+    def write_ramp(self, value):
+        # use 0 or a very big value for switching off ramp
+        if not value:
+            self.write_enable_ramp(0)
+            return 0
+        if value >= 9e99:
+            self.change('TEMP:LOOP:RSET', 'inf', as_string)
+            self.write_enable_ramp(0)
+            return 9e99
+        self.write_enable_ramp(1)
+        return self.change('TEMP:LOOP:RSET', max(1e-4, value))
+
+
+class PressureSensor(MercuryChannel, Readable):
+    channel_type = 'PRES'
+    value = Parameter(unit='mbar')
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return self.query('PRES:SIG:PRES')
+
+
+class ValvePos(HasInput, MercuryChannel, Drivable):
+    channel_type = 'PRES,AUX'
+    value = Parameter('value pos', FloatRange(unit='%'), readonly=False)
+    target = Parameter('valve pos target', FloatRange(0, 100, unit='$'), readonly=False)
+
+    def doPoll(self):
+        self.read_status()
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return self.query('AUX:SIG:PERC')
+
+    def read_status(self):
+        self.read_value()
+        if abs(self.value - self.target) < 0.01:
+            return 'IDLE', 'at target'
+        return 'BUSY', 'moving'
+
+    def read_target(self):
+        return self.query('PRES:LOOP:FSET')
+
+    def write_target(self, value):
+        self.write_controlled_by(SELF)
+        return self.change('PRES:LOOP:FSET', value)
+
+
+class PressureLoop(PressureSensor, Loop, Drivable):
+    channel_type = 'PRES,AUX'
+    output_module = Attached(ValvePos, mandatory=False)
+
+    def read_control_active(self):
+        active = self.query('PRES:LOOP:FAUT', off_on)
+        self.set_output(active)
+        return active
+
+    def write_control_active(self, value):
+        self.set_output(value)
+        return self.change('PRES:LOOP:FAUT', value, off_on)
+
+    def read_target(self):
+        return self.query('PRES:LOOP:PRST')
+
+    def write_target(self, value):
+        target = self.change('PRES:LOOP:PRST', value)
+        self.set_target(target)
+        return self.target
+
+
+class HeLevel(MercuryChannel, Readable):
+    """He level meter channel
+
+    The Mercury system does not support automatic switching between fast
+    (when filling) and slow (when consuming). We have to handle this by software.
+    """
+    channel_type = 'LVL'
+    sample_rate = Parameter('_', EnumType(slow=0, fast=1), readonly=False)
+    hysteresis = Parameter('hysteresis for detection of increase', FloatRange(0, 100, unit='%'),
+                           default=5, readonly=False)
+    fast_timeout = Parameter('time to switch to slow after last increase', FloatRange(0, unit='sec'),
+                             default=300, readonly=False)
+    _min_level = 999
+    _max_level = -999
+    _last_increase = None  # None when in slow mode, last increase time in fast mode
+
+    def check_rate(self, sample_rate):
+        """check changes in rate
+
+        :param sample_rate:  (int or enum) 0: slow, 1: fast
+        initialize affected attributes
+        """
+        if sample_rate != 0:  # fast
+            if not self._last_increase:
+                self._last_increase = time.time()
+                self._max_level = -999
+        elif self._last_increase:
+            self._last_increase = None
+            self._min_level = 999
+        return sample_rate
+
+    def read_sample_rate(self):
+        return self.check_rate(self.query('LVL:HEL:PULS:SLOW', fast_slow))
+
+    def write_sample_rate(self, value):
+        self.check_rate(value)
+        return self.change('LVL:HEL:PULS:SLOW', value, fast_slow)
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        level = self.query('LVL:SIG:HEL:LEV')
+        # handle automatic switching depending on increase
+        now = time.time()
+        if self._last_increase:  # fast mode
+            if level > self._max_level:
+                self._last_increase = now
+                self._max_level = level
+            elif now > self._last_increase + self.fast_timeout:
+                # no increase since fast timeout -> slow
+                self.write_sample_rate(self.sample_rate.slow)
+        else:
+            if level > self._min_level + self.hysteresis:
+                # substantial increase -> fast
+                self.write_sample_rate(self.sample_rate.fast)
+            else:
+                self._min_level = min(self._min_level, level)
+        return level
+
+
+class N2Level(MercuryChannel, Readable):
+    channel_type = 'LVL'
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return self.query('LVL:SIG:NIT:LEV')
+
+
+# TODO: magnet power supply

frappy_psi/mixins.py

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+#
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+from frappy.datatypes import BoolType, EnumType, Enum
+from frappy.core import Parameter, Writable, Attached
+
+
+class HasControlledBy(Writable):
+    """mixin for modules with controlled_by
+
+    in the :meth:`write_target` the hardware action to switch to own control should be done
+    and in addition self.self_controlled() should be called
+    """
+    controlled_by = Parameter('source of target value', EnumType(members={'self': 0}), default=0)
+    inputCallbacks = ()
+
+    def register_input(self, name, control_off):
+        """register input
+
+        :param name: the name of the module (for controlled_by enum)
+        :param control_off: a method on the input module to switch off control
+        """
+        if not self.inputCallbacks:
+            self.inputCallbacks = {}
+        self.inputCallbacks[name] = control_off
+        prev_enum = self.parameters['controlled_by'].datatype.export_datatype()['members']
+        # add enum member, using autoincrement feature of Enum
+        self.parameters['controlled_by'].datatype = EnumType(Enum(prev_enum, **{name: None}))
+
+    def self_controlled(self):
+        """method to change controlled_by to self
+
+        must be called from the write_target method
+        """
+        if self.controlled_by:
+            self.controlled_by = 0
+            for name, control_off in self.inputCallbacks.items():
+                control_off(self.name)
+
+
+class HasOutputModule(Writable):
+    """mixin for modules having an output module
+
+    in the :meth:`write_target` the hardware action to switch to own control should be done
+    and in addition self.activate_output() should be called
+    """
+    # allow unassigned output module, it should be possible to configure a
+    # module with fixed control
+    output_module = Attached(HasControlledBy, mandatory=False)
+    control_active = Parameter('control mode', BoolType())
+
+    def initModule(self):
+        super().initModule()
+        if self.output_module:
+            self.output_module.register_input(self.name, self.control_off)
+
+    def activate_output(self):
+        """method to switch control_active on
+
+        self.activate_output() must be called from the write_target method
+        """
+        out = self.output_module
+        if out:
+            for name, control_off in out.inputCallbacks.items():
+                if name != self.name:
+                    control_off(self.name)
+            out.controlled_by = self.name
+        self.control_active = True
+
+    def control_off(self, switched_by):
+        """control_off is called, when an other module takes over control
+
+        if possible avoid hardware access in an overriding method in an overriding method
+        as this might lead to a deadlock with the modules accessLock
+        """
+        if self.control_active:
+            self.control_active = False
+            self.log.warning(f'switched to manual mode by {switched_by}')

frappy_psi/motorvalve.py

@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+#
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+"""motor valve using a trinamic PD-1161 motor
+
+the valve has an end switch connected to the 'home' digital input
+of the motor controller. Motor settings for the currently used valve:
+
+[valve_motor]
+description = valve motor
+class = frappy_psi.trinamic.Motor
+maxcurrent=0.3   # a value corresponding to the torque needed to firmly close the valve.
+move_limit=9999  # no move limit needed
+acceleration=150
+encoder_tolerance=3.6  # typical value
+auto_reset=True   # motor stalls on closing
+
+[valve]
+description = trinamic angular motor valve
+class = frappy_psi.motorvalve.MotorValve
+motor = valve_motor
+turns = 9      # number of turns needed to open fully
+speed = 400    # close to max. speed
+lowspeed = 50  # speed for final closing / reference run
+"""
+
+from frappy.core import Drivable, Parameter, EnumType, Attached, FloatRange, \
+    Command, IDLE, BUSY, WARN, ERROR, PersistentParam, PersistentMixin
+from frappy.errors import HardwareError
+from frappy_psi.trinamic import Motor
+from frappy.lib.statemachine import StateMachine, Retry, Stop
+
+
+class MotorValve(PersistentMixin, Drivable):
+    motor = Attached(Motor)
+    value = Parameter('current state', EnumType(
+        closed=0, opened=1, undefined=-1), default=-1, update_unchanged='never')
+    target = Parameter('target state', EnumType(close=0, open=1))
+    turns = Parameter('number of turns to open', FloatRange(), readonly=False, group='settings')
+    speed = Parameter('speed for far moves', FloatRange(), readonly=False, group='settings')
+    lowspeed = Parameter('speed for finding closed position', FloatRange(), readonly=False, group='settings')
+    closed_pos = PersistentParam('fully closed position', FloatRange(),
+                                 persistent='auto', export=True, default=-999)  # TODO: export=False
+    pollinterval = Parameter(group='settings')
+
+    _state = None
+
+    # remark: the home button must be touched when the motor is at zero
+
+    def earlyInit(self):
+        super().earlyInit()
+        self._state = StateMachine(logger=self.log, count=3, cleanup=self.handle_error)
+
+    def write_target(self, target):
+        if self.status[0] == ERROR:
+            raise HardwareError(f'{self.status[1]}: need refrun')
+        self.target = target
+        self._state.start(self.goto_target, count=3)
+        return self.target
+
+    def goto_target(self, state):
+        self.value = 'undefined'
+        if self.motor.isBusy():
+            mot_target = 0 if self.target == self.target.close else self.turns * 360
+            if abs(mot_target - self.motor.target) > self.motor.tolerance:
+                self.motor.stop()
+        return self.open_valve if self.target == self.target.open else self.close_valve
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        """determine value and status"""
+        if self.status[0] == ERROR:
+            return 'undefined'
+        if self.motor.isBusy():
+            return self.value
+        motpos = self.motor.read_value()
+        if self.motor.read_home():
+            if motpos > 360:
+                self.status = ERROR, 'home button must be released at this position'
+            elif motpos > 5:
+                if self.status[0] != ERROR:
+                    self.status = WARN, 'position undefined'
+            elif motpos < -360:
+                self.status = ERROR, 'motor must not reach -1 turn!'
+            elif abs(motpos - self.closed_pos) < self.motor.tolerance:
+                self.status = IDLE, 'closed'
+                return 'closed'
+            self.status = WARN, 'nearly closed'
+            return 'undefined'
+        if abs(motpos - self.turns * 360) < 5:
+            self.status = IDLE, 'opened'
+            return 'opened'
+        if motpos < 5:
+            self.status = ERROR, 'home button must be engaged at this position'
+        elif self.status[0] != ERROR:
+            self.status = WARN, 'position undefined'
+        return 'undefined'
+
+    def open_valve(self, state):
+        if state.init:
+            self.closed_pos = -999
+            self.value = 'undefined'
+            self.status = BUSY, 'opening'
+            self.motor.write_speed(self.speed)
+            self.motor.write_target(self.turns * 360)
+        if self.motor.isBusy():
+            if self.motor.home and self.motor.value > 360:
+                self.motor.stop()
+                self.status = ERROR, 'opening valve failed (home switch not released)'
+                return None
+            return Retry
+        motvalue = self.motor.read_value()
+        if abs(motvalue - self.turns * 360) < 5:
+            self.read_value()  # value = opened, status = IDLE
+        else:
+            if state.count > 0:
+                state.count -= 1
+                self.log.info('target %g not reached, try again', motvalue)
+                return self.goto_target
+            self.status = ERROR, 'opening valve failed (motor target not reached)'
+        return None
+
+    def close_valve(self, state):
+        if state.init:
+            self.closed_pos = -999
+            self.status = BUSY, 'closing'
+            self.motor.write_speed(self.speed)
+            self.motor.write_target(0)
+        if self.motor.isBusy():
+            if self.motor.home:
+                return self.find_closed
+            return Retry
+        motvalue = self.motor.read_value()
+        if abs(motvalue) > 5:
+            if state.count > 0:
+                state.count -= 1
+                self.log.info('target %g not reached, try again', motvalue)
+                return self.goto_target
+            self.status = ERROR, 'closing valve failed (zero not reached)'
+            return None
+        if self.read_value() == self.value.undefined:
+            if self.status[0] != ERROR:
+                return self.find_closed
+        return None
+
+    def find_closed(self, state):
+        """drive with low speed until motor stalls"""
+        if state.init:
+            self.motor.write_speed(self.lowspeed)
+            state.prev = self.motor.value
+            self.motor.write_target(-360)
+        if self.motor.isBusy():
+            if not self.motor.home:
+                self.motor.stop()
+                return None
+            return Retry
+        motvalue = self.motor.read_value()
+        if motvalue < -360:
+            self.read_value()  # status -> error
+            return None
+        if motvalue < state.prev - 5:
+            # moved by more than 5 deg
+            state.prev = self.motor.value
+            self.motor.write_target(-360)
+            return Retry
+        if motvalue > 5:
+            self.status = ERROR, 'closing valve failed (zero not reached)'
+            return None
+        if motvalue < -355:
+            self.status = ERROR, 'closing valve failed (does not stop)'
+            return None
+        self.closed_pos = motvalue
+        self.read_value()  # value = closed, status = IDLE
+        return None
+
+    @Command
+    def ref_run(self):
+        """start reference run"""
+        self.target = 'close'
+        self._state.start(self.ref_home, count=3)
+
+    @Command
+    def stop(self):
+        self._state.stop()
+        self.motor.stop()
+
+    def ref_home(self, state):
+        if state.init:
+            self.closed_pos = -999
+            self.motor.write_speed(self.lowspeed)
+            if self.motor.read_home():
+                self.status = BUSY, 'refrun: release home'
+                self.motor.write_target(self.motor.read_value() + 360)
+                return self.ref_released
+            self.status = BUSY, 'refrun: find home'
+            self.motor.write_target(self.motor.read_value() - (self.turns + 1) * 360)
+        if not self.motor.isBusy():
+            self.status = ERROR, 'ref run failed, can not find home switch'
+            return None
+        if not self.motor.home:
+            return Retry
+        self.motor.write_speed(self.lowspeed)
+        state.prev = self.motor.read_value()
+        self.motor.write_target(state.prev - 360)
+        self.status = BUSY, 'refrun: find closed'
+        return self.ref_closed
+
+    def ref_released(self, state):
+        if self.motor.isBusy():
+            if self.motor.home:
+                return Retry
+        elif self.motor.read_home():
+            if state.count > 0:
+                state.count -= 1
+                self.log.info('home switch not released, try again')
+                self.motor.write_target(self.motor.target)
+                return Retry
+            self.status = ERROR, 'ref run failed, can not release home switch'
+            return None
+        return self.ref_home
+
+    def ref_closed(self, state):
+        if self.motor.isBusy():
+            if not self.motor.home:
+                self.motor.stop()
+                return None
+            return Retry
+        self.motor.set_zero(max(-50, (self.motor.read_value() - state.prev) * 0.5))
+        self.read_value()  # check home button is valid
+        if abs(self.motor.target - self.motor.value) < 5:
+            self.status = ERROR, 'ref run failed, does not stop'
+        if self.status[0] == ERROR:
+            return None
+        self.log.info('refrun successful')
+        return self.close_valve
+
+    def handle_error(self, state):
+        if state.stopped:  # stop or restart case
+            if state.stopped is Stop:
+                self.status = WARN, 'stopped'
+            return None
+        if state.count > 0:
+            state.count -= 1
+            self.log.info('error %r, try again', state.last_error)
+            state.default_cleanup(state)  # log error cause
+            state.last_error = None
+            return self.goto_target  # try again
+        self.status = ERROR, str(state.last_error)
+        return state.default_cleanup(state)

frappy_psi/ppms.py

@@ -0,0 +1,725 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+"""PPMS driver
+
+The PPMS hardware has some special requirements:
+
+- the communication to the hardware happens through windows COM
+- all measured data including state are handled by one request/reply pair GETDAT?<mask>
+- for each channel, the settings are handled through a single request/reply pair,
+  needing a mechanism to treat a single parameter change correctly.
+
+Polling of value and status is done commonly for all modules. For each registered module
+<module>.update_value_status() is called in order to update their value and StatusType.
+"""
+
+import threading
+import time
+from ast import literal_eval  # convert string as comma separated numbers into tuple
+
+from frappy.datatypes import BoolType, EnumType, \
+    FloatRange, IntRange, StatusType, StringType
+from frappy.errors import HardwareError
+from frappy.lib import clamp
+from frappy.modules import Communicator, \
+    Drivable, Parameter, Property, Readable
+from frappy.io import HasIO
+from frappy.rwhandler import CommonReadHandler, CommonWriteHandler
+
+try:
+    import frappy_psi.ppmswindows as ppmshw
+except ImportError:
+    print('use simulation instead')
+    import frappy_psi.ppmssim as ppmshw
+
+
+class Main(Communicator):
+    """ppms communicator module"""
+
+    pollinterval = Parameter('poll interval', FloatRange(), readonly=False, default=2)
+    data = Parameter('internal', StringType(), export=True,  # export for test only
+                     default="", readonly=True)
+
+    class_id = Property('Quantum Design class id', StringType(), export=False)
+
+    _channel_names = [
+        'packed_status', 'temp', 'field', 'position', 'r1', 'i1', 'r2', 'i2',
+        'r3', 'i3', 'r4', 'i4', 'v1', 'v2', 'digital', 'cur1', 'pow1', 'cur2', 'pow2',
+        'p', 'u20', 'u21', 'u22', 'ts', 'u24', 'u25', 'u26', 'u27', 'u28', 'u29']
+    assert len(_channel_names) == 30
+    _channel_to_index = dict(((channel, i) for i, channel in enumerate(_channel_names)))
+    _status_bitpos = {'temp': 0, 'field': 4, 'chamber': 8, 'position': 12}
+
+    def earlyInit(self):
+        super().earlyInit()
+        self.modules = {}
+        self._ppms_device = ppmshw.QDevice(self.class_id)
+        self.lock = threading.Lock()
+
+    def register(self, other):
+        self.modules[other.channel] = other
+
+    def communicate(self, command):
+        """GPIB command"""
+        with self.lock:
+            self.comLog(f'> {command}')
+            reply = self._ppms_device.send(command)
+            self.comLog("< %s", reply)
+            return reply
+
+    def doPoll(self):
+        self.read_data()
+
+    def read_data(self):
+        mask = 1  # always get packed_status
+        for channelname, channel in self.modules.items():
+            if channel.enabled:
+                mask |= 1 << self._channel_to_index.get(channelname, 0)
+        # send, read and convert to floats and ints
+        data = self.communicate(f'GETDAT? {mask}')
+        reply = data.split(',')
+        mask = int(reply.pop(0))
+        reply.pop(0)  # pop timestamp
+        result = {}
+        for bitpos, channelname in enumerate(self._channel_names):
+            if mask & (1 << bitpos):
+                result[channelname] = float(reply.pop(0))
+        if 'temp' in result:
+            result['tv'] = result['temp']
+        if 'ts' in result:
+            result['temp'] = result['ts']
+        packed_status = int(result['packed_status'])
+        result['chamber'] = None  # 'chamber' must be in result for status, but value is ignored
+        for channelname, channel in self.modules.items():
+            channel.update_value_status(result.get(channelname, None), packed_status)
+        return data  # return data as string
+
+
+class PpmsBase(HasIO, Readable):
+    """common base for all ppms modules"""
+    value = Parameter(needscfg=False)
+    status = Parameter(datatype=StatusType(Readable, 'DISABLED'), needscfg=False)
+
+    enabled = True  # default, if no parameter enable is defined
+    _last_settings = None  # used by several modules
+    slow_pollfactor = 1
+
+    # as this pollinterval affects only the polling of settings
+    # it would be confusing to export it.
+    pollinterval = Parameter(export=False)
+
+    def initModule(self):
+        super().initModule()
+        self.io.register(self)
+
+    def doPoll(self):
+        # polling is done by the main module
+        # and PPMS does not deliver really more fresh values when polled more often
+        pass
+
+    def update_value_status(self, value, packed_status):
+        # update value and status
+        # to be reimplemented for modules looking at packed_status
+        if not self.enabled:
+            self.status = (StatusType.DISABLED, 'disabled')
+            return
+        if value is None:
+            self.status = (StatusType.ERROR, 'invalid value')
+        else:
+            self.value = value
+            self.status = (StatusType.IDLE, '')
+
+    def comm_write(self, command):
+        """write command and check if result is OK"""
+        reply = self.communicate(command)
+        if reply != 'OK':
+            raise HardwareError(f'bad reply {reply!r} to command {command!r}')
+
+
+class PpmsDrivable(Drivable, PpmsBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class Channel(PpmsBase):
+    """channel base class"""
+
+    value = Parameter('main value of channels')
+    enabled = Parameter('is this channel used?', readonly=False,
+                        datatype=BoolType(), default=False)
+
+    channel = Property('channel name',
+                       datatype=StringType(), export=False, default='')
+    no = Property('channel number',
+                  datatype=IntRange(1, 4), export=False)
+
+    def earlyInit(self):
+        super().earlyInit()
+        if not self.channel:
+            self.channel = self.name
+
+
+class UserChannel(Channel):
+    """user channel"""
+
+    no = Property('channel number',
+                  datatype=IntRange(0, 0), export=False, default=0)
+    linkenable = Property('name of linked channel for enabling',
+                          datatype=StringType(), export=False, default='')
+
+    def write_enabled(self, enabled):
+        other = self.io.modules.get(self.linkenable, None)
+        if other:
+            other.enabled = enabled
+        return enabled
+
+
+class DriverChannel(Channel):
+    """driver channel"""
+
+    current = Parameter('driver current', readonly=False,
+                        datatype=FloatRange(0., 5000., unit='uA'))
+    powerlimit = Parameter('power limit', readonly=False,
+                           datatype=FloatRange(0., 1000., unit='uW'))
+
+    param_names = 'current', 'powerlimit'
+
+    @CommonReadHandler(param_names)
+    def read_params(self):
+        no, self.current, self.powerlimit = literal_eval(
+            self.communicate(f'DRVOUT? {self.no}'))
+        if self.no != no:
+            raise HardwareError('DRVOUT command: channel number in reply does not match')
+
+    @CommonWriteHandler(param_names)
+    def write_params(self, values):
+        """write parameters
+
+        :param values: a dict like object containing the parameters to be written
+        """
+        self.read_params()  # make sure parameters are up to date
+        self.comm_write('DRVOUT {no:d},{current:g},{powerlimit:g}'.format_map(values))
+        self.read_params()  # read back
+
+
+class BridgeChannel(Channel):
+    """bridge channel"""
+
+    excitation = Parameter('excitation current', readonly=False,
+                           datatype=FloatRange(0.01, 5000., unit='uA'))
+    powerlimit = Parameter('power limit', readonly=False,
+                           datatype=FloatRange(0.001, 1000., unit='uW'))
+    dcflag = Parameter('True when excitation is DC (else AC)', readonly=False,
+                       datatype=BoolType())
+    readingmode = Parameter('reading mode', readonly=False,
+                            datatype=EnumType(standard=0, fast=1, highres=2))
+    voltagelimit = Parameter('voltage limit', readonly=False,
+                             datatype=FloatRange(0.0001, 100., unit='mV'))
+
+    param_names = 'enabled', 'enabled', 'powerlimit', 'dcflag', 'readingmode', 'voltagelimit'
+
+    @CommonReadHandler(param_names)
+    def read_params(self):
+        no, excitation, powerlimit, self.dcflag, self.readingmode, voltagelimit = literal_eval(
+            self.communicate(f'BRIDGE? {self.no}'))
+        if self.no != no:
+            raise HardwareError('DRVOUT command: channel number in reply does not match')
+        self.enabled = excitation != 0 and powerlimit != 0 and voltagelimit != 0
+        if excitation:
+            self.excitation = excitation
+        if powerlimit:
+            self.powerlimit = powerlimit
+        if voltagelimit:
+            self.voltagelimit = voltagelimit
+
+    @CommonWriteHandler(param_names)
+    def write_params(self, values):
+        """write parameters
+
+        :param values: a dict like object containing the parameters to be written
+        """
+        self.read_params()  # make sure parameters are up to date
+        if not values['enabled']:
+            values['excitation'] = 0
+            values['powerlimit'] = 0
+            values['voltagelimit'] = 0
+        self.comm_write('BRIDGE {no:d},{enabled:d},{powerlimit:g},{dcflag:d},'
+                        '{readingmode:d},{voltagelimit:g}'.format_map(values))
+        self.read_params()  # read back
+
+
+class Level(PpmsBase):
+    """helium level"""
+
+    value = Parameter(datatype=FloatRange(unit='%'))
+
+    channel = 'level'
+
+    def doPoll(self):
+        self.read_value()
+
+    def update_value_status(self, value, packed_status):
+        pass
+        # must be a no-op
+        # when called from Main.read_data, value is always None
+        # value and status is polled via settings
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        # ignore 'old reading' state of the flag, as this happens only for a short time
+        return literal_eval(self.communicate('LEVEL?'))[0]
+
+
+class Chamber(PpmsDrivable):
+    """sample chamber handling
+
+    value is an Enum, which is redundant with the status text
+    """
+
+    code_table = [
+        # valuecode, status, statusname, opcode, targetname
+        (0, StatusType.IDLE, 'unknown',             10, 'noop'),
+        (1, StatusType.IDLE, 'purged_and_sealed',    1, 'purge_and_seal'),
+        (2, StatusType.IDLE, 'vented_and_sealed',    2, 'vent_and_seal'),
+        (3, StatusType.WARN, 'sealed_unknown',       0, 'seal_immediately'),
+        (4, StatusType.BUSY, 'purge_and_seal',    None, None),
+        (5, StatusType.BUSY, 'vent_and_seal',     None, None),
+        (6, StatusType.BUSY, 'pumping_down',      None, None),
+        (8, StatusType.IDLE, 'pumping_continuously', 3, 'pump_continuously'),
+        (9, StatusType.IDLE, 'venting_continuously', 4, 'vent_continuously'),
+        (15, StatusType.ERROR, 'general_failure', None, None),
+    ]
+    value_codes = {k: v for v, _, k, _, _ in code_table}
+    target_codes = {k: v for v, _, _, _, k in code_table if k}
+    name2opcode = {k: v for _, _, _, v, k in code_table if k}
+    opcode2name = {v: k for _, _, _, v, k in code_table if k}
+    status_map = {v: (c, k.replace('_', ' ')) for v, c, k, _, _ in code_table}
+    value = Parameter(description='chamber state', datatype=EnumType(**value_codes), default=0)
+    target = Parameter(description='chamber command', datatype=EnumType(**target_codes), default='noop')
+
+    channel = 'chamber'
+
+    def update_value_status(self, value, packed_status):
+        status_code = (packed_status >> 8) & 0xf
+        if status_code in self.status_map:
+            self.value = status_code
+            self.status = self.status_map[status_code]
+        else:
+            self.value = self.value_map['unknown']
+            self.status = (StatusType.ERROR, f'unknown status code {status_code}')
+
+    def read_target(self):
+        opcode = int(self.communicate('CHAMBER?'))
+        return self.opcode2name[opcode]
+
+    def write_target(self, value):
+        if value == self.target.noop:
+            return self.target.noop
+        opcode = self.name2opcode[self.target.enum(value).name]
+        assert self.communicate(f'CHAMBER {opcode}') == 'OK'
+        return self.read_target()
+
+
+class Temp(PpmsDrivable):
+    """temperature"""
+
+    value = Parameter(datatype=FloatRange(unit='K'))
+    status = Parameter(datatype=StatusType(Drivable, 'RAMPING', 'STABILIZING'))
+    target = Parameter(datatype=FloatRange(1.7, 402.0, unit='K'), needscfg=False)
+    setpoint = Parameter('intermediate set point',
+                         datatype=FloatRange(1.7, 402.0, unit='K'))
+    ramp = Parameter('ramping speed', readonly=False, default=0,
+                     datatype=FloatRange(0, 20, unit='K/min'))
+    workingramp = Parameter('intermediate ramp value',
+                            datatype=FloatRange(0, 20, unit='K/min'), default=0)
+    approachmode = Parameter('how to approach target!', readonly=False,
+                             datatype=EnumType(fast_settle=0, no_overshoot=1), default=0)
+    timeout = Parameter('drive timeout, in addition to ramp time', readonly=False,
+                        datatype=FloatRange(0, unit='sec'), default=3600)
+    general_stop = Property('respect general stop', datatype=BoolType(),
+                            default=True, value=False)
+    STATUS_MAP = {
+        1: (StatusType.IDLE, 'stable at target'),
+        2: (StatusType.RAMPING, 'ramping'),
+        5: (StatusType.STABILIZING, 'within tolerance'),
+        6: (StatusType.STABILIZING, 'outside tolerance'),
+        7: (StatusType.STABILIZING, 'filling/emptying reservoir'),
+        10: (StatusType.WARN, 'standby'),
+        13: (StatusType.WARN, 'control disabled'),
+        14: (StatusType.ERROR, 'can not complete'),
+        15: (StatusType.ERROR, 'general failure'),
+    }
+
+    channel = 'temp'
+    _stopped = False
+    _expected_target_time = 0
+    _last_change = 0  # 0 means no target change is pending
+    _last_target = None  # last reached target
+    _cool_deadline = 0
+    _wait_at10 = False
+    _ramp_at_limit = False
+
+    param_names = 'setpoint', 'workingramp', 'approachmode'
+
+    @CommonReadHandler(param_names)
+    def read_params(self):
+        settings = literal_eval(self.communicate('TEMP?'))
+        if settings == self._last_settings:
+            # update parameters only on change, as 'ramp' and 'approachmode' are
+            # not always sent to the hardware
+            return
+        self.setpoint, self.workingramp, self.approachmode = self._last_settings = settings
+        if self.setpoint != 10 or not self._wait_at10:
+            self.log.debug('read back target %g %r', self.setpoint, self._wait_at10)
+            self.target = self.setpoint
+        if self.workingramp != 2 or not self._ramp_at_limit:
+            self.log.debug('read back ramp %g %r', self.workingramp, self._ramp_at_limit)
+            self.ramp = self.workingramp
+
+    def _write_params(self, setpoint, ramp, approachmode):
+        wait_at10 = False
+        ramp_at_limit = False
+        if self.value > 11:
+            if setpoint <= 10:
+                wait_at10 = True
+                setpoint = 10
+        elif self.value > setpoint:
+            if ramp >= 2:
+                ramp = 2
+                ramp_at_limit = True
+        self._wait_at10 = wait_at10
+        self._ramp_at_limit = ramp_at_limit
+        self.calc_expected(setpoint, ramp)
+        self.log.debug(
+            'change_temp v %r s %r r %r w %r l %r', self.value, setpoint, ramp, wait_at10, ramp_at_limit)
+        self.comm_write(f'TEMP {setpoint:g},{ramp:g},{int(approachmode)}')
+        self.read_params()
+
+    def update_value_status(self, value, packed_status):
+        if value is None:
+            self.status = (StatusType.ERROR, 'invalid value')
+            return
+        self.value = value
+        status_code = packed_status & 0xf
+        status = self.STATUS_MAP.get(status_code, (StatusType.ERROR, f'unknown status code {status_code}'))
+        now = time.time()
+        if value > 11:
+            # when starting from T > 50, this will be 15 min.
+            # when starting from lower T, it will be less
+            # when ramping with 2 K/min or less, the deadline is now
+            self._cool_deadline = max(self._cool_deadline, now + min(40, value - 10) * 30)  # 30 sec / K
+        elif self._wait_at10:
+            if now > self._cool_deadline:
+                self._wait_at10 = False
+                self._last_change = now
+                self._write_params(self.target, self.ramp, self.approachmode)
+            status = (StatusType.STABILIZING, 'waiting at 10 K')
+        if self._last_change:  # there was a change, which is not yet confirmed by hw
+            if now > self._last_change + 5:
+                self._last_change = 0  # give up waiting for busy
+            elif self.isDriving(status) and status != self._status_before_change:
+                self.log.debug('time needed to change to busy: %.3g', now - self._last_change)
+                self._last_change = 0
+            else:
+                status = (StatusType.BUSY, 'changed target')
+        if abs(self.value - self.target) < self.target * 0.01:
+            self._last_target = self.target
+        elif self._last_target is None:
+            self._last_target = self.value
+        if self._stopped:
+            # combine 'stopped' with current status text
+            if status[0] == StatusType.IDLE:
+                status = (status[0], 'stopped')
+            else:
+                status = (status[0], f'stopping ({status[1]})')
+        if self._expected_target_time:
+            # handle timeout
+            if self.isDriving(status):
+                if now > self._expected_target_time + self.timeout:
+                    status = (StatusType.WARN, f'timeout while {status[1]}')
+            else:
+                self._expected_target_time = 0
+        self.status = status
+
+    def write_target(self, target):
+        self._stopped = False
+        if abs(self.target - self.value) <= 2e-5 * target and target == self.target:
+            return None
+        self._status_before_change = self.status
+        self.status = (StatusType.BUSY, 'changed target')
+        self._last_change = time.time()
+        self._write_params(target, self.ramp, self.approachmode)
+        self.log.debug('write_target %s', repr((self.setpoint, target, self._wait_at10)))
+        return target
+
+    def write_approachmode(self, value):
+        if self.isDriving():
+            self._write_params(self.setpoint, self.ramp, value)
+            return self.approachmode
+        return value  # do not execute TEMP command, as this would trigger an unnecessary T change
+
+    def write_ramp(self, value):
+        if self.isDriving():
+            self._write_params(self.setpoint, value, self.approachmode)
+            return self.ramp
+        return value  # do not execute TEMP command, as this would trigger an unnecessary T change
+
+    def calc_expected(self, target, ramp):
+        self._expected_target_time = time.time() + abs(target - self.value) * 60.0 / max(0.1, ramp)
+
+    def stop(self):
+        if not self.isDriving():
+            return
+        if self.status[0] != StatusType.STABILIZING:
+            # we are not near target
+            newtarget = clamp(self._last_target, self.value, self.target)
+            if newtarget != self.target:
+                self.log.debug('stop at %s K', newtarget)
+                self.write_target(newtarget)
+        self.status = self.status[0], f'stopping ({self.status[1]})'
+        self._stopped = True
+
+
+class Field(PpmsDrivable):
+    """magnetic field"""
+
+    value = Parameter(datatype=FloatRange(unit='T'))
+    status = Parameter(datatype=StatusType(Drivable, 'PREPARED', 'PREPARING', 'RAMPING', 'STABILIZING', 'FINALIZING'))
+    target = Parameter(datatype=FloatRange(-15, 15, unit='T'))  # poll only one parameter
+    ramp = Parameter('ramping speed', readonly=False,
+                     datatype=FloatRange(0.064, 1.19, unit='T/min'), default=0.19)
+    approachmode = Parameter('how to approach target', readonly=False,
+                             datatype=EnumType(linear=0, no_overshoot=1, oscillate=2), default=0)
+    persistentmode = Parameter('what to do after changing field', readonly=False,
+                               datatype=EnumType(persistent=0, driven=1), default=0)
+
+    STATUS_MAP = {
+        1: (StatusType.IDLE, 'persistent mode'),
+        2: (StatusType.PREPARING, 'switch warming'),
+        3: (StatusType.FINALIZING, 'switch cooling'),
+        4: (StatusType.IDLE, 'driven stable'),
+        5: (StatusType.STABILIZING, 'driven final'),
+        6: (StatusType.RAMPING, 'charging'),
+        7: (StatusType.RAMPING, 'discharging'),
+        8: (StatusType.ERROR, 'current error'),
+        11: (StatusType.ERROR, 'probably quenched'),
+        15: (StatusType.ERROR, 'general failure'),
+    }
+
+    channel = 'field'
+    _stopped = False
+    _last_target = None  # last reached target
+    _last_change = 0  # means no target change is pending
+
+    param_names = 'target', 'ramp', 'approachmode', 'persistentmode'
+
+    @CommonReadHandler(param_names)
+    def read_params(self):
+        settings = literal_eval(self.communicate('FIELD?'))
+        # print('last_settings tt %s' % repr(self._last_settings))
+        if settings == self._last_settings:
+            # we update parameters only on change, as 'ramp' and 'approachmode' are
+            # not always sent to the hardware
+            return
+        target, ramp, self.approachmode, self.persistentmode = self._last_settings = settings
+        self.target = round(target * 1e-4, 7)
+        self.ramp = ramp * 6e-3
+
+    def _write_params(self, target, ramp, approachmode, persistentmode):
+        self.comm_write(f'FIELD {target * 10000.0:g},{ramp / 0.006:g},{int(approachmode)},{int(persistentmode)}')
+        self.read_params()
+
+    def update_value_status(self, value, packed_status):
+        if value is None:
+            self.status = (StatusType.ERROR, 'invalid value')
+            return
+        self.value = round(value * 1e-4, 7)
+        status_code = (packed_status >> 4) & 0xf
+        status = self.STATUS_MAP.get(status_code, (StatusType.ERROR, f'unknown status code {status_code}'))
+        now = time.time()
+        if self._last_change:  # there was a change, which is not yet confirmed by hw
+            if status_code == 1:  # persistent mode
+                # leads are ramping (ppms has no extra status code for this!)
+                if now < self._last_change + 30:
+                    status = (StatusType.PREPARING, 'ramping leads')
+                else:
+                    status = (StatusType.WARN, 'timeout when ramping leads')
+            elif now > self._last_change + 5:
+                self._last_change = 0  # give up waiting for driving
+            elif self.isDriving(status) and status != self._status_before_change:
+                self._last_change = 0
+                self.log.debug('time needed to change to busy: %.3g', now - self._last_change)
+            else:
+                status = (StatusType.BUSY, 'changed target')
+        if abs(self.target - self.value) <= 1e-4:
+            self._last_target = self.target
+        elif self._last_target is None:
+            self._last_target = self.value
+        if self._stopped:
+            # combine 'stopped' with current status text
+            if status[0] == StatusType.IDLE:
+                status = (status[0], 'stopped')
+            else:
+                status = (status[0], f'stopping ({status[1]})')
+        self.status = status
+
+    def write_target(self, target):
+        if abs(self.target - self.value) <= 2e-5 and target == self.target:
+            self.target = target
+            return None  # avoid ramping leads
+        self._status_before_change = self.status
+        self._stopped = False
+        self._last_change = time.time()
+        self.status = (StatusType.BUSY, 'changed target')
+        self._write_params(target, self.ramp, self.approachmode, self.persistentmode)
+        return self.target
+
+    def write_persistentmode(self, mode):
+        if abs(self.target - self.value) <= 2e-5 and mode == self.persistentmode:
+            self.persistentmode = mode
+            return None  # avoid ramping leads
+        self._last_change = time.time()
+        self._status_before_change = self.status
+        self._stopped = False
+        self.status = (StatusType.BUSY, 'changed persistent mode')
+        self._write_params(self.target, self.ramp, self.approachmode, mode)
+        return self.persistentmode
+
+    def write_ramp(self, value):
+        if self.isDriving():
+            self._write_params(self.target, value, self.approachmode, self.persistentmode)
+            return self.ramp
+        return value  # do not execute FIELD command, as this would trigger a ramp up of leads current
+
+    def write_approachmode(self, value):
+        if self.isDriving():
+            self._write_params(self.target, self.ramp, value, self.persistentmode)
+        # do not execute FIELD command, as this would trigger a ramp up of leads current
+
+    def stop(self):
+        if not self.isDriving():
+            return
+        newtarget = clamp(self._last_target, self.value, self.target)
+        if newtarget != self.target:
+            self.log.debug('stop at %s T', newtarget)
+            self.write_target(newtarget)
+        self.status = (self.status[0], f'stopping ({self.status[1]})')
+        self._stopped = True
+
+
+class Position(PpmsDrivable):
+    """rotator position"""
+
+    value = Parameter(datatype=FloatRange(unit='deg'))
+    target = Parameter(datatype=FloatRange(-720., 720., unit='deg'))
+    enabled = Parameter('is this channel used?', readonly=False,
+                        datatype=BoolType(), default=True)
+    speed = Parameter('motor speed', readonly=False, default=12,
+                      datatype=FloatRange(0.8, 12, unit='deg/sec'))
+    STATUS_MAP = {
+        1: (StatusType.IDLE, 'at target'),
+        5: (StatusType.BUSY, 'moving'),
+        8: (StatusType.IDLE, 'at limit'),
+        9: (StatusType.IDLE, 'at index'),
+        15: (StatusType.ERROR, 'general failure'),
+    }
+
+    channel = 'position'
+    _stopped = False
+    _last_target = None  # last reached target
+    _last_change = 0
+    _within_target = 0  # time since we are within target
+
+    param_names = 'target', 'speed'
+
+    @CommonReadHandler(param_names)
+    def read_params(self):
+        settings = literal_eval(self.communicate('MOVE?'))
+        if settings == self._last_settings:
+            # we update parameters only on change, as 'speed' is
+            # not always sent to the hardware
+            return
+        self.target, _, speed = self._last_settings = settings
+        self.speed = (15 - speed) * 0.8
+
+    def _write_params(self, target, speed):
+        speed = int(round(min(14, max(0, 15 - speed / 0.8)), 0))
+        self.comm_write(f'MOVE {target:g},{0},{speed}')
+        return self.read_params()
+
+    def update_value_status(self, value, packed_status):
+        if not self.enabled:
+            self.status = (StatusType.DISABLED, 'disabled')
+            return
+        if value is None:
+            self.status = (StatusType.ERROR, 'invalid value')
+            return
+        self.value = value
+        status_code = (packed_status >> 12) & 0xf
+        status = self.STATUS_MAP.get(status_code, (StatusType.ERROR, f'unknown status code {status_code}'))
+        if self._last_change:  # there was a change, which is not yet confirmed by hw
+            now = time.time()
+            if now > self._last_change + 5:
+                self._last_change = 0  # give up waiting for busy
+            elif self.isDriving(status) and status != self._status_before_change:
+                self.log.debug('time needed to change to busy: %.3g', now - self._last_change)
+                self._last_change = 0
+            else:
+                status = (StatusType.BUSY, 'changed target')
+        # BUSY can not reliably be determined from the status code, we have to do it on our own
+        if abs(value - self.target) < 0.1:
+            self._last_target = self.target
+            if not self._within_target:
+                self._within_target = time.time()
+            if time.time() > self._within_target + 1:
+                if status[0] != StatusType.IDLE:
+                    status = (StatusType.IDLE, status[1])
+        elif status[0] != StatusType.BUSY:
+            status = (StatusType.BUSY, status[1])
+        if self._stopped:
+            # combine 'stopped' with current status text
+            if status[0] == StatusType.IDLE:
+                status = (status[0], 'stopped')
+            else:
+                status = (status[0], f'stopping ({status[1]})')
+        self.status = status
+
+    def write_target(self, target):
+        self._stopped = False
+        self._last_change = 0
+        self._status_before_change = self.status
+        self.status = (StatusType.BUSY, 'changed target')
+        self._write_params(target, self.speed)
+        return self.target
+
+    def write_speed(self, value):
+        if self.isDriving():
+            self._write_params(self.target, value)
+            return self.speed
+        return value  # do not execute MOVE command, as this would trigger an unnecessary move
+
+    def stop(self):
+        if not self.isDriving():
+            return
+        newtarget = clamp(self._last_target, self.value, self.target)
+        if newtarget != self.target:
+            self.log.debug('stop at %s T', newtarget)
+            self.write_target(newtarget)
+        self.status = (self.status[0], f'stopping ({self.status[1]})')
+        self._stopped = True

frappy_psi/ppmssim.py

@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+import json
+import math
+import time
+
+
+def num(string):
+    return json.loads(string)
+
+
+class NamedList:
+    def __init__(self, keys, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.__keys__ = keys.split()
+        self.setvalues(args)
+        for key, val in kwargs.items():
+            setattr(self, key, val)
+
+    def setvalues(self, values):
+        for key, arg in zip(self.__keys__, values):
+            setattr(self, key, arg)
+
+    def aslist(self):
+        return [getattr(self, key) for key in self.__keys__]
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        return getattr(self, self.__keys__[index])
+
+    def __setitem__(self, index, value):
+        return setattr(self, self.__keys__[index], value)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return ",".join(f"{val:.7g}" for val in self.aslist())
+
+
+class PpmsSim:
+    CHANNELS = {
+        0: 'st', 1: 't', 2: 'mf', 3: 'pos', 4: 'r1', 5: 'i1', 6: 'r2', 7: 'i2',
+        23: 'ts',
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.status = NamedList('t mf ch pos', 1, 1, 1, 1)
+        self.st = 0x1111
+        self.t = 15
+        self.temp = NamedList('target ramp amode', 200., 1, 0, fast=self.t, delay=10)
+        self.mf = 100
+        self.field = NamedList('target ramp amode pmode', 0, 50, 0, 0)
+        self.pos = 0
+        self.move = NamedList('target mode code', 0, 0, 0)
+        self.chamber = NamedList('target', 0)
+        self.level = NamedList('value code', 100.0, 1)
+        self.bridge1 = NamedList('no exc pow dc mode vol', 1, 333, 1000, 0, 2, 1)
+        self.bridge2 = NamedList('no exc pow dc mode vol', 2, 333, 1000, 0, 2, 1)
+        self.bridge3 = NamedList('no exc pow dc mode vol', 3, 333, 1000, 0, 2, 1)
+        self.bridge4 = NamedList('no exc pow dc mode vol', 4, 333, 1000, 0, 2, 1)
+        self.drvout1 = NamedList('no cur pow', 1, 333, 1000)
+        self.drvout2 = NamedList('no cur pow', 2, 333, 1000)
+        self.r1 = 0
+        self.i1 = 0
+        self.r2 = 0
+        self.i2 = 0
+        self.ts = self.t + 0.1
+        self.time = int(time.time())
+        self.start = self.time
+        self.mf_start = 0
+        self.ch_start = 0
+        self.t_start = 0
+        self.changed = set()
+
+    def progress(self):
+        now = time.time()
+        if self.time >= now:
+            return
+        while self.time < now:
+            self.time += 1
+            if self.temp.amode: # no overshoot
+                dif = self.temp.target - self.temp.fast
+            else:
+                dif = self.temp.target - self.t
+            self.temp.fast += math.copysign(min(self.temp.ramp / 60.0, abs(dif)), dif)
+            self.t += (self.temp.fast - self.t) / self.temp.delay
+
+            # handle magnetic field
+            if 'FIELD' in self.changed:
+                self.changed.remove('FIELD')
+                if self.field.target < 0:
+                    self.status.mf = 15 # general error
+                elif self.status.mf == 1: # persistent
+                    self.mf_start = now # indicates leads are ramping
+                elif self.status.mf == 3: # switch_cooling
+                    self.mf_start = now
+                    self.status.mf = 2 # switch_warming
+                else:
+                    self.status.mf = 6 + int(self.field.target < self.mf) # charging or discharging
+            if self.status.mf == 1 and self.mf_start: # leads ramping
+                if now > self.mf_start + abs(self.field.target) / 10000 + 5:
+                    self.mf_start = now
+                    self.status.mf = 2 # switch_warming
+            elif self.status.mf == 2: # switch_warming
+                if now > self.mf_start + 15:
+                    self.status.mf = 6 + int(self.field.target < self.mf) # charging or discharging
+            elif self.status.mf == 5: # driven_final
+                if now > self.mf_start + 5:
+                    self.mf_start = now
+                    self.status.mf = 3 # switch cooling
+            elif self.status.mf == 3: # switch_cooling
+                if now > self.mf_start + 15:
+                    self.status.mf = 1 # persistent_mode
+                    self.mf_start = 0 # == no leads ramping happens
+            elif self.status.mf in (6, 7): # charging, discharging
+                dif = self.field.target - self.mf
+                if abs(dif) < 0.01:
+                    if self.field.pmode:
+                        self.status.mf = 4 # driven_stable
+                    else:
+                        self.status.mf = 5 # driven_final
+                        self.mf_last = now
+                else:
+                    self.mf += math.copysign(min(self.field.ramp, abs(dif)), dif)
+            # print(self.mf, self.status.mf, self.field)
+
+            dif = self.move.target - self.pos
+            speed = (15 - self.move.code) * 0.8
+            self.pos += math.copysign(min(speed, abs(dif)), dif)
+
+            if 'CHAMBER' in self.changed:
+                self.changed.remove('CHAMBER')
+                if self.chamber.target == 0: # seal immediately
+                    self.status.ch = 3 # sealed unknown
+                    self.ch_start = 0
+                elif self.chamber.target == 3: # pump cont.
+                    self.status.ch = 8
+                    self.ch_start = 0
+                elif self.chamber.target == 4: # vent cont.
+                    self.status.ch = 9
+                    self.ch_start = 0
+                elif self.chamber.target == 1: # purge and seal
+                    self.status.ch = 4
+                    self.ch_start = now
+                elif self.chamber.target == 2: # vent and seal
+                    self.status.ch = 5
+                    self.ch_start = now
+                elif self.chamber.target == 5: # hi vac.
+                    self.status.ch = 6 # pumping down
+                    self.ch_start = now
+            elif self.ch_start and now > self.ch_start + 15:
+                self.ch_start = 0
+                if self.chamber.target == 5:
+                    self.status.ch = 7 # at high vac.
+                else:
+                    self.status.ch = self.chamber.target
+
+            if 'TEMP' in self.changed:
+                self.changed.remove('TEMP')
+                self.status.t = 2 # changing
+                self.t_start = now
+            elif abs(self.t - self.temp.target) < 0.1:
+                if now > self.t_start + 10:
+                    self.status.t = 1 # stable
+                else:
+                    self.status.t = 5 # within tolerance
+            else:
+                self.t_start = now
+                if abs(self.t - self.temp.target) < 1:
+                    self.status.t = 6 # outside tolerance
+
+        if abs(self.pos - self.move.target) < 0.01:
+            self.status.pos = 1
+        else:
+            self.status.pos = 5
+
+        self.st = sum((self.status[i] << (i * 4) for i in range(4)))
+        self.r1 = self.t * 0.1
+        self.i1 = self.t % 10.0
+        self.r2 = 1000 / self.t
+        self.i2 = math.log(self.t)
+        self.ts = self.t + 0.1
+        self.level.value = 100 - (self.time - self.start) * 0.01 % 100
+
+    def getdat(self, mask):
+        mask = int(mask) & 0x8000ff  # all channels up to i2 plus ts
+        output = [f'{mask}', f'{time.time() - self.start:.2f}']
+        for i, chan in self.CHANNELS.items():
+            if (1 << i) & mask:
+                output.append(f"{getattr(self, chan):.7g}")
+        return ",".join(output)
+
+
+class QDevice:
+    def __init__(self, classid):
+        self.sim = PpmsSim()
+
+    def send(self, command):
+        self.sim.progress()
+        if '?' in command:
+            if command.startswith('GETDAT?'):
+                mask = int(command[7:])
+                result = self.sim.getdat(mask)
+            else:
+                name, args = command.split('?')
+                name += args.strip()
+                result = getattr(self.sim, name.lower()).aslist()
+                result =  ",".join(f"{arg:.7g}" for arg in result)
+                # print(command, '/', result)
+        else:
+            # print(command)
+            name, args = command.split()
+            args = json.loads(f"[{args}]")
+            if name.startswith('BRIDGE') or name.startswith('DRVOUT'):
+                name = name + str(int(args[0]))
+            getattr(self.sim, name.lower()).setvalues(args)
+            self.sim.changed.add(name)
+            result = "OK"
+        return result
+
+
+def shutdown():
+    pass

frappy_psi/ppmswindows.py

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+import threading
+
+try:
+    import pythoncom
+    import win32com.client
+except ImportError:
+    print("This Module only works with a pythoncom module on a MS Windows OS")
+    raise
+
+
+class Error(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class QDevice:
+    def __init__(self, classid):
+        self.threadlocal = threading.local()
+        self.classid = classid
+
+    def send(self, command):
+        try:
+            mvu = self.threadlocal.mvu
+        except AttributeError:
+            pythoncom.CoInitialize()
+            mvu = win32com.client.Dispatch(self.classid)
+            self.threadlocal.mvu = mvu
+        args = [
+            win32com.client.VARIANT(pythoncom.VT_BYREF | pythoncom.VT_BSTR, command),
+            win32com.client.VARIANT(pythoncom.VT_BYREF | pythoncom.VT_BSTR, ""),  # reply
+            win32com.client.VARIANT(pythoncom.VT_BYREF | pythoncom.VT_BSTR, ""),  # error
+            win32com.client.VARIANT(pythoncom.VT_BYREF | pythoncom.VT_I4, 0),  # ?
+            win32com.client.VARIANT(pythoncom.VT_BYREF | pythoncom.VT_I4, 0)]  # ?
+        err = mvu.SendPpmsCommand(*args)
+        # win32com does invert the order of results!
+        if err == 0:
+            # print '<', args[3].value
+            return args[3].value
+        if err == 1:
+            # print '<done'
+            return "OK"
+        raise Error('%s on cmd "%s" %s' % (args[2].value.replace('\n', ' '), command,
+                                           getattr(args[2], 'value', 'noreply')))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # test only
+    print(QDevice('QD.MULTIVU.PPMS.1').send('LEVEL?'))

frappy_psi/qnw.py

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Oksana Shliakhtun <oksana.shliakhtun@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+
+from frappy.core import Readable, Parameter, FloatRange, IDLE, ERROR, BoolType,\
+    StringIO, HasIO, Property, WARN, Drivable, BUSY, StringType, Done
+from frappy.errors import InternalError
+
+
+class QnwIO(StringIO):
+    """communication with TC1"""
+    end_of_line = ']'  # no line feed!
+    identification = [('[F1 VN ?', r'.F1 VN .*')]  # Controller Firmware Version, holder number
+
+
+class SensorTC1(HasIO, Readable):
+    ioClass = QnwIO
+    value = Parameter(unit='degC', min=-15, max=120)
+    channel = Property('channel name', StringType())
+
+    def set_param(self, adr, value=None):
+        short = adr.split()[0]
+        # try 3 times in case we got an asynchronous message
+        for _ in range(3):
+            if value is None:
+                reply = self.communicate(f'[F1 {adr} ?').split()
+            else:
+                reply = self.communicate(f'[F1 {adr} {value}][F1 {short} ?').split()
+            if reply[1] == short:
+                break
+        else:
+            raise InternalError(f'bad reply {reply}')
+        try:
+            return float(reply[2])
+        except ValueError:
+            return reply[2]
+
+    def get_param(self, adr):
+        return self.set_param(adr)
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return self.get_param(self.channel)
+
+    def read_status(self):
+        dt = self.parameters['value'].datatype
+        if dt.min <= self.value <= dt.max:
+            return IDLE, ''
+        return ERROR, 'value out of range (cable unplugged?)'
+
+
+class TemperatureLoopTC1(SensorTC1, Drivable):
+    value = Parameter('temperature', unit='degC')
+    target = Parameter('setpoint', unit='degC', min=-5, max=110)
+    control = Parameter('temperature control flag', BoolType(), readonly=False)
+    ramp = Parameter('ramping value', FloatRange, unit='degC/min', readonly=False)
+    ramp_used = Parameter('ramping status', BoolType(), default=False, readonly=False)
+    target_min = Parameter('lowest target temperature', FloatRange, unit='degC')
+    target_max = Parameter('maximum target temperature', FloatRange, unit='degC')
+
+    def read_target_min(self):
+        return self.get_param('LT')
+
+    def read_target_max(self):
+        return self.get_param('MT')
+
+    def read_status(self):
+        status = super().read_status()
+        if status[0] == ERROR:
+            return status
+        reply = self.get_param('IS')  # instrument status
+        if len(reply) < 5:
+            self.set_param('IS', 'E+')
+            reply = self.get_param('IS')  # instrument status
+        self.control = reply[2] == '+'
+        if reply[4] == '+':
+            return BUSY, 'ramping'
+        if reply[3] == 'C':
+            if self.control:
+                if self.ramp_used:
+                    return BUSY, 'stabilizing'
+                return BUSY, 'changing'
+        if self.control:
+            return IDLE, ''
+        return WARN, 'control off'
+
+    def write_target(self, target):
+        if self.ramp_used:
+            self.set_param('RR S', self.ramp)
+        else:
+            self.set_param('RR S', 0)
+        target = self.set_param('TT S', target)
+        self.set_param('TC', '+')
+        self.read_status()
+        return target
+
+    def read_target(self):
+        return self.get_param('TT')
+
+    def write_control(self, control):
+        if control:
+            if not self.read_control():
+                self.write_target(self.value)
+            return True
+        self.set_param('TC', '-')
+        return False
+###########
+
+    def read_ramp(self):
+        return float(self.get_param('RR'))
+
+    def write_ramp(self, ramp):
+        ramp = max(0.01, abs(ramp))
+        self.ramp_used = True
+        ramp = self.set_param('RR S', ramp)
+        if self.control:
+            self.ramp = ramp
+            self.write_target(self.target)
+            return Done
+        return ramp
+
+    def write_ramp_used(self, value):
+        if self.control:
+            self.ramp_used = value
+            self.write_target(self.target)
+            return Done
+        return value
+
+    def stop(self):
+        if self.control and self.ramp_used:
+            self.write_target(self.value)

frappy_psi/softcal.py

@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+"""Software calibration"""
+
+import math
+import os
+from os.path import basename, dirname, exists, join
+
+import numpy as np
+from scipy.interpolate import splev, splrep  # pylint: disable=import-error
+
+from frappy.core import Attached, BoolType, Parameter, Readable, StringType, \
+    FloatRange
+
+
+def linear(x):
+    return x
+
+
+nplog = np.vectorize(math.log10)
+npexp = np.vectorize(lambda x: 10 ** x)
+
+
+class StdParser:
+    """parser used for reading columns"""
+    def __init__(self, **kwds):
+        """keys may be other 'x' or 'logx' and either 'y' or 'logy'
+
+        default is x=0, y=1
+        """
+        self.xcol = int(kwds.get('x', kwds.get('logx', 0)))
+        self.ycol = int(kwds.get('y', kwds.get('logy', 1)))
+        self.logx = 'logx' in kwds
+        self.logy = 'logy' in kwds
+        self.xdata, self.ydata = [], []
+
+    def parse(self, line):
+        """get numbers from a line and put them to self.xdata / self.ydata"""
+        row = line.split()
+        try:
+            self.xdata.append(float(row[self.xcol]))
+            self.ydata.append(float(row[self.ycol]))
+        except (IndexError, ValueError):
+            # skip bad lines
+            return
+
+
+class Parser340(StdParser):
+    """parser for LakeShore *.340 files"""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.header = True
+        self.xcol, self.ycol = 1, 2
+        self.logx, self.logy = False, False
+
+    def parse(self, line):
+        """scan header for data format"""
+        if self.header:
+            key, _, value = line.partition(':')
+            if value:  # this is a header line, as it contains ':'
+                value = value.split()[0]
+                key = ''.join(key.split()).lower()
+                if key == 'dataformat':
+                    if value == '4':
+                        self.logx, self.logy = True, False  # logOhm
+                    elif value == '5':
+                        self.logx, self.logy = True, True  # logOhm, logK
+                    elif value not in ('1', '2', '3'):
+                        raise ValueError('invalid Data Format')
+            elif 'No.' in line:
+                self.header = False
+            return
+        super().parse(line)
+
+
+KINDS = {
+    "340": (Parser340, {}),  # lakeshore 340 format
+    "inp": (StdParser, {}),  # M. Zollikers *.inp calcurve format
+    "caldat": (StdParser, {'x': 1, 'y': 2}),  # format from sea/tcl/startup/calib_ext.tcl
+    "dat": (StdParser, {}),  # lakeshore raw data *.dat format
+}
+
+
+class CalCurve:
+    def __init__(self, calibspec):
+        """calibspec format:
+        [<full path> | <name>][,<key>=<value> ...]
+        for <key>/<value> as in parser arguments
+        """
+        sensopt = calibspec.split(',')
+        calibname = sensopt.pop(0)
+        _, dot, ext = basename(calibname).rpartition('.')
+        kind = None
+        pathlist = os.environ.get('FRAPPY_CALIB_PATH', '').split(',')
+        pathlist.append(join(dirname(__file__), 'calcurves'))
+        for path in pathlist:
+            # first try without adding kind
+            filename = join(path.strip(), calibname)
+            if exists(filename):
+                kind = ext if dot else None
+                break
+            # then try adding all kinds as extension
+            for nam in calibname, calibname.upper(), calibname.lower():
+                for kind in KINDS:
+                    filename = join(path.strip(), f'{nam}.{kind}')
+                    if exists(filename):
+                        break
+                else:
+                    continue
+                break
+            else:
+                continue
+            break
+        else:
+            raise FileNotFoundError(calibname)
+        optargs = {}
+        for opts in sensopt:
+            key, _, value = opts.lower().rpartition('=')
+            value = value.strip()
+            if value:
+                optargs[key.strip()] = value
+        kind = optargs.pop('kind', kind)
+        cls, args = KINDS.get(kind, (StdParser, {}))
+        args.update(optargs)
+
+        try:
+            parser = cls(**args)
+            with open(filename, encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                for line in f:
+                    parser.parse(line)
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise ValueError(f'calib curve {calibspec}: {e}') from e
+        self.convert_x = nplog if parser.logx else linear
+        self.convert_y = npexp if parser.logy else linear
+        x = np.asarray(parser.xdata)
+        y = np.asarray(parser.ydata)
+        if np.all(x[:-1] > x[1:]):  # all decreasing
+            x = np.flip(x)
+            y = np.flip(y)
+        elif np.any(x[:-1] >= x[1:]):  # some not increasing
+            raise ValueError(f'calib curve {calibspec} is not monotonic')
+        try:
+            self.spline = splrep(x, y, s=0, k=min(3, len(x) - 1))
+        except (ValueError, TypeError) as e:
+            raise ValueError(f'invalid calib curve {calibspec}') from e
+
+    def __call__(self, value):
+        """convert value
+
+        value might be a single value or an numpy array
+        """
+        result = splev(self.convert_x(value), self.spline)
+        return self.convert_y(result)
+
+
+class Sensor(Readable):
+    rawsensor = Attached()
+
+    calib = Parameter('calibration name', datatype=StringType(), readonly=False)
+    abs = Parameter('True: take abs(raw) before calib', datatype=BoolType(), readonly=False, default=True)
+    value = Parameter(datatype=FloatRange(unit='K'))
+    pollinterval = Parameter(export=False)
+    status = Parameter(default=(Readable.Status.ERROR, 'unintialized'), update_unchanged='never')
+
+    description = 'a calibrated sensor value'
+    _value_error = None
+
+    def checkProperties(self):
+        if 'description' not in self.propertyValues:
+            self.description = '_'  # avoid complaining about missing description
+        super().checkProperties()
+
+    def initModule(self):
+        super().initModule()
+        self.rawsensor.registerCallbacks(self, ['status'])  # auto update status
+        self._calib = CalCurve(self.calib)
+        if self.description == '_':
+            self.description = f'{self.rawsensor!r} calibrated with curve {self.calib!r}'
+
+    def doPoll(self):
+        self.read_status()
+
+    def write_calib(self, value):
+        self._calib = CalCurve(value)
+        return value
+
+    def update_value(self, value):
+        if self.abs:
+            value = abs(float(value))
+        self.value = self._calib(value)
+        self._value_error = None
+
+    def error_update_value(self, err):
+        if self.abs and str(err) == 'R_UNDER':  # hack: ignore R_UNDER from ls370
+            self._value_error = None
+            return None
+        self._value_error = repr(err)
+        raise err
+
+    def update_status(self, value):
+        if self._value_error is None:
+            self.status = value
+        else:
+            self.status = self.Status.ERROR, self._value_error
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return self._calib(self.rawsensor.read_value())
+
+    def read_status(self):
+        self.update_status(self.rawsensor.status)
+        return self.status

frappy_psi/thermofisher.py

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Oksana Shliakhtun <oksana.shliakhtun@psi.ch>
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+from frappy.core import StringIO, Parameter, Readable, HasIO, \
+    Drivable, FloatRange, IDLE, ERROR, WARN, BoolType
+from frappy_psi.convergence import HasConvergence
+
+
+class ThermFishIO(StringIO):
+    end_of_line = '\r'
+    identification = [('RVER', r'.*')]  # Firmware Version
+
+
+class SensorA10(HasIO, Readable):
+    ioClass = ThermFishIO
+    value = Parameter('internal temperature', unit='degC')
+
+    def get_par(self, cmd):
+        new_cmd = 'R' + cmd
+        reply = self.communicate(new_cmd)
+        if any(unit.isalpha() for unit in reply):
+            reply = ''.join(unit for unit in reply if not unit.isalpha())
+        return float(reply)
+
+    # def set_par(self, cmd, arg):
+    #     new_cmd = 'S' + cmd.format(arg=arg)
+    #     return self.communicate(new_cmd)
+    #     # return self.get_par(cmd)
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        return self.get_par('T')
+
+    def read_status(self):
+        result_str = self.communicate('RUFS')
+        values_str = result_str.strip().split()
+        values_int = [int(val) for val in values_str]
+        v1, v2, v3, v4, v5 = values_int[:5]
+
+        status_messages = [
+            (ERROR, 'high tempr. cutout fault', v2, 0),
+            (ERROR, 'high RA tempr. fault', v2, 1),
+            (ERROR, 'high temperature fixed fault', v3, 7),
+            (ERROR, 'low temperature fixed fault', v3, 6),
+            (ERROR, 'high temperature fault', v3, 5),
+            (ERROR, 'low temperature fault', v3, 4),
+            (ERROR, 'low level fault', v3, 3),
+            (ERROR, 'circulator fault', v4, 5),
+            (ERROR, 'high press. cutout', v5, 2),
+            (ERROR, 'motor overloaded', v5, 1),
+            (ERROR, 'pump speed fault', v5, 0),
+            (WARN, 'open internal sensor', v1, 7),
+            (WARN, 'shorted internal sensor', v1, 6),
+            (WARN, 'high temperature warn', v3, 2),
+            (WARN, 'low temperature warn', v3, 1),
+            (WARN, 'low level warn', v3, 0),
+            (IDLE, 'max. heating', v5, 5),
+            (IDLE, 'heating', v5, 6),
+            (IDLE, 'cooling', v5, 4),
+            (IDLE, 'max cooling', v5, 3),
+            (IDLE, '', v4, 3),
+        ]
+
+        for status_type, status_msg, vi,bit in status_messages:
+            if vi & (1 << bit):
+                return status_type, status_msg
+        return WARN, 'circulation off'
+
+
+class TemperatureLoopA10(HasConvergence, SensorA10, Drivable):
+    value = Parameter('temperature', unit='degC')
+    target = Parameter('setpoint/target', datatype=FloatRange, unit='degC', default=0)
+    circ_on = Parameter('is circulation running', BoolType(), readonly=False, default=False)
+    # pids
+    p_heat = Parameter('proportional heat parameter', FloatRange(), readonly=False)
+    i_heat = Parameter('integral heat parameter', FloatRange(), readonly=False)
+    d_heat = Parameter('derivative heat parameter', FloatRange(), readonly=False)
+    p_cool = Parameter('proportional cool parameter', FloatRange(), readonly=False)
+    i_cool = Parameter('integral cool parameter', FloatRange(), readonly=False)
+    d_cool = Parameter('derivative cool parameter', FloatRange(), readonly=False)
+
+    def read_circ_on(self):
+        return self.communicate('RO')
+
+    def write_circ_on(self, circ_on):
+        circ_on_str = '1' if circ_on else '0'
+        self.communicate(f'SO {circ_on_str}')
+        return self.read_circ_on()
+
+    def read_target(self):
+        return self.get_par('S')
+
+    def write_target(self, target):
+        self.write_circ_on('1')
+        self.communicate(f'SS {target}')
+        self.start_state()
+        return target
+
+        ##  heat PID
+    def read_p_heat(self):
+        p_heat = self.get_par('PH')
+        return float(p_heat)
+
+    def write_p_heat(self, p_heat):
+        self.communicate(f'SPH {p_heat}')
+        return p_heat
+
+    def read_i_heat(self):
+        i_heat = self.get_par('IH')
+        return float(i_heat)
+
+    def write_i_heat(self, i_heat):
+        self.communicate(f'SIH {i_heat}')
+        return i_heat
+
+    def read_d_heat(self):
+        d_heat = self.get_par('DH')
+        return float(d_heat)
+
+    def write_d_heat(self, d_heat):
+        self.communicate(f'SDH {d_heat}')
+        return d_heat
+
+    ##  cool PID
+    def read_p_cool(self):
+        p_cool = self.get_par('PC')
+        return float(p_cool)
+
+    def write_p_cool(self, p_cool):
+        self.communicate(f'SPC {p_cool}')
+        return p_cool
+
+    def read_i_cool(self):
+        i_cool = self.get_par('IC')
+        return float(i_cool)
+
+    def write_i_cool(self, i_cool):
+        self.communicate(f'SIC {i_cool}')
+        return i_cool
+
+    def read_d_cool(self):
+        d_cool = self.get_par('DC')
+        return float(d_cool)
+
+    def write_d_cool(self, d_cool):
+        self.communicate(f'SDC {d_cool}')
+        return d_cool

frappy_psi/trinamic.py

@@ -0,0 +1,445 @@
+#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# *****************************************************************************
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+# version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
+# details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+#
+# Module authors:
+#   Markus Zolliker <markus.zolliker@psi.ch>
+#
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+"""drivers for trinamic PD-1161 motors"""
+
+import time
+import struct
+
+from frappy.core import BoolType, Command, EnumType, FloatRange, IntRange, \
+    HasIO, Parameter, Property, Drivable, PersistentMixin, PersistentParam, Done, \
+    IDLE, BUSY, ERROR
+from frappy.io import BytesIO
+from frappy.errors import CommunicationFailedError, HardwareError, RangeError, IsBusyError
+from frappy.rwhandler import ReadHandler, WriteHandler
+from frappy.lib import formatStatusBits
+
+MOTOR_STOP = 3
+MOVE = 4
+SET_AXIS_PAR = 5
+GET_AXIS_PAR = 6
+SET_GLOB_PAR = 9
+GET_GLOB_PAR = 10
+SET_IO = 14
+GET_IO = 15
+# STORE_GLOB_PAR = 11
+
+BAUDRATES = [9600, 0, 19200, 0, 38400, 57600, 0, 115200]
+
+FULL_STEP = 1.8
+ANGLE_SCALE = FULL_STEP/256
+# assume factory settings for pulse and ramp divisors:
+SPEED_SCALE = 1E6 / 2 ** 15 * ANGLE_SCALE
+MAX_SPEED = 2047 * SPEED_SCALE
+ACCEL_SCALE = 1E12 / 2 ** 31 * ANGLE_SCALE
+MAX_ACCEL = 2047 * ACCEL_SCALE
+CURRENT_SCALE = 2.8/250
+ENCODER_RESOLUTION = 360 / 1024
+
+HW_ARGS = {
+    # <parameter name>: (address, scale factor)
+    'encoder_tolerance': (212, ANGLE_SCALE),
+    'speed': (4, SPEED_SCALE),
+    'minspeed': (130, SPEED_SCALE),
+    'currentspeed': (3, SPEED_SCALE),
+    'maxcurrent': (6, CURRENT_SCALE),
+    'standby_current': (7, CURRENT_SCALE,),
+    'acceleration': (5, ACCEL_SCALE),
+    'target_reached': (8, 1),
+    'move_status': (207, 1),
+    'error_bits': (208, 1),
+    'free_wheeling': (204, 0.01),
+    'power_down_delay': (214, 0.01),
+}
+
+# special handling (adjust zero):
+ENCODER_ADR = 209
+STEPPOS_ADR = 1
+
+
+def writable(*args, **kwds):
+    """convenience function to create writable hardware parameters"""
+    return PersistentParam(*args, readonly=False, **kwds)  # TODO: check impact of 'initwrite' removal
+
+
+class Motor(PersistentMixin, HasIO, Drivable):
+    address = Property('module address', IntRange(0, 255), default=1)
+
+    value = Parameter('motor position', FloatRange(unit='deg', fmtstr='%.3f'),
+                      needscfg=False)
+    zero = PersistentParam('zero point', FloatRange(unit='$'), readonly=False, default=0)
+    encoder = PersistentParam('encoder reading', FloatRange(unit='$', fmtstr='%.1f'),
+                              readonly=True)
+    steppos = PersistentParam('position from motor steps', FloatRange(unit='$', fmtstr='%.3f'),
+                              readonly=True)
+    target = Parameter('', FloatRange(unit='$'), default=0)
+
+    move_limit = Parameter('max. angle to drive in one go when current above safe_current',
+                           FloatRange(unit='$'),
+                           readonly=False, default=360, group='more')
+    safe_current = Parameter('motor current allowed for big steps', FloatRange(unit='A'),
+                             readonly=False, default=0.2, group='more')
+    tolerance = Parameter('positioning tolerance', FloatRange(unit='$'),
+                          readonly=False, default=0.9)
+    encoder_tolerance = writable('the allowed deviation between steppos and encoder\n\nmust be > tolerance',
+                                 FloatRange(0, 360., unit='$', fmtstr='%.3f'), group='more')
+    has_encoder = Parameter('whether encoder is used or not', BoolType(),
+                            readonly=False, default=True, group='more')
+    speed = writable('max. speed', FloatRange(0, MAX_SPEED, unit='$/sec', fmtstr='%.1f'), default=40)
+    minspeed = writable('min. speed', FloatRange(0, MAX_SPEED, unit='$/sec', fmtstr='%.1f'),
+                        default=SPEED_SCALE, group='motorparam')
+    currentspeed = Parameter('current speed', FloatRange(-MAX_SPEED, MAX_SPEED, unit='$/sec', fmtstr='%.1f'),
+                             group='motorparam')
+    maxcurrent = writable('', FloatRange(0, 2.8, unit='A', fmtstr='%.2f'),
+                          default=1.4, group='motorparam')
+    standby_current = writable('', FloatRange(0, 2.8, unit='A', fmtstr='%.2f'),
+                               default=0.1, group='motorparam')
+    acceleration = writable('', FloatRange(4.6 * ACCEL_SCALE, MAX_ACCEL, unit='deg/s^2', fmtstr='%.1f'),
+                            default=150., group='motorparam')
+    target_reached = Parameter('', BoolType(), group='hwstatus')
+    move_status = Parameter('', EnumType(ok=0, stalled=1, encoder_deviation=2, stalled_and_encoder_deviation=3),
+                            group='hwstatus')
+    error_bits = Parameter('', IntRange(0, 255), group='hwstatus')
+    home = Parameter('state of home switch (input 3)', BoolType())
+    has_home = Parameter('enable home and activate pullup resistor', BoolType(),
+                         default=True, group='more')
+    auto_reset = Parameter('automatic reset after failure', BoolType(), readonly=False, default=False)
+    free_wheeling = writable('', FloatRange(0, 60., unit='sec', fmtstr='%.2f'),
+                             default=0.1, group='motorparam')
+
+    power_down_delay = writable('', FloatRange(0, 60., unit='sec', fmtstr='%.2f'),
+                                default=0.1, group='motorparam')
+    baudrate = Parameter('', EnumType({f'{v}': i for i, v in enumerate(BAUDRATES)}),
+                         readonly=False, default=0, visibility=3, group='more')
+    pollinterval = Parameter(group='more')
+
+    ioClass = BytesIO
+    fast_poll = 0.05
+    _run_mode = 0  # 0: idle, 1: driving, 2: stopping
+    _calc_timeout = True
+    _need_reset = None
+    _last_change = 0
+    _loading = False  # True when loading parameters
+
+    def comm(self, cmd, adr, value=0, bank=0):
+        """set or get a parameter
+
+        :param adr: parameter number
+        :param cmd: instruction number (SET_* or GET_*)
+        :param bank: the bank
+        :param value: if given, the parameter is written, else it is returned
+        :return: the returned value
+        """
+        if self._calc_timeout and self.io._conn:
+            self._calc_timeout = False
+            baudrate = getattr(self.io._conn.connection, 'baudrate', None)
+            if baudrate:
+                if baudrate not in BAUDRATES:
+                    raise CommunicationFailedError(f'unsupported baud rate: {int(baudrate)}')
+                self.io.timeout = 0.03 + 200 / baudrate
+
+        exc = None
+        byt = struct.pack('>BBBBi', self.address, cmd, adr, bank, round(value))
+        byt += bytes([sum(byt) & 0xff])
+        for itry in range(3,0,-1):
+            try:
+                reply = self.communicate(byt, 9)
+                if sum(reply[:-1]) & 0xff != reply[-1]:
+                    raise CommunicationFailedError('checksum error')
+                    # will try again
+            except Exception as e:
+                if itry == 1:
+                    raise
+                exc = e
+                continue
+            break
+        if exc:
+            self.log.warning('tried %d times after %s', itry, exc)
+        radr, modadr, status, rcmd, result = struct.unpack('>BBBBix', reply)
+        if status != 100:
+            self.log.warning('bad status from cmd %r %s: %d', cmd, adr, status)
+        if radr != 2 or modadr != self.address or cmd != rcmd:
+            raise CommunicationFailedError(f'bad reply {reply!r} to command {cmd} {adr}')
+        return result
+
+    def startModule(self, start_events):
+        super().startModule(start_events)
+
+        def fix_encoder(self=self):
+            if not self.has_encoder:
+                return
+            try:
+                # get encoder value from motor. at this stage self.encoder contains the persistent value
+                encoder = self._read_axispar(ENCODER_ADR, ANGLE_SCALE) + self.zero
+                self.fix_encoder(encoder)
+            except Exception as e:
+                self.log.error('fix_encoder failed with %r', e)
+
+        if self.has_encoder:
+            start_events.queue(fix_encoder)
+
+    def fix_encoder(self, encoder_from_hw):
+        """fix encoder value
+
+        :param encoder_from_hw: the encoder value read from the HW
+
+        self.encoder is assumed to contain the last known (persistent) value
+        if encoder has not changed modulo 360, adjust by an integer multiple of 360
+        set status to error when encoder has changed be more than encoder_tolerance
+        """
+        # calculate nearest, most probable value
+        adjusted_encoder = encoder_from_hw + round((self.encoder - encoder_from_hw) / 360.) * 360
+        if abs(self.encoder - adjusted_encoder) >= self.encoder_tolerance:
+            # encoder modulo 360 has changed
+            self.log.error('saved encoder value (%.2f) does not match reading (%.2f %.2f)',
+                           self.encoder, encoder_from_hw, adjusted_encoder)
+            if adjusted_encoder != encoder_from_hw:
+                self.log.info('take next closest encoder value (%.2f)', adjusted_encoder)
+            self._need_reset = True
+            self.status = ERROR, 'saved encoder value does not match reading'
+        self._write_axispar(adjusted_encoder - self.zero, ENCODER_ADR, ANGLE_SCALE, readback=False)
+
+    def _read_axispar(self, adr, scale=1):
+        value = self.comm(GET_AXIS_PAR, adr)
+        # do not apply scale when 1 (datatype might not be float)
+        return value if scale == 1 else value * scale
+
+    def _write_axispar(self, value, adr, scale=1, readback=True):
+        rawvalue = round(value / scale)
+        self.comm(SET_AXIS_PAR, adr, rawvalue)
+        if readback:
+            result = self.comm(GET_AXIS_PAR, adr)
+            if result != rawvalue:
+                raise HardwareError(f'result for adr={adr} scale={scale:g} does not match {result * scale:g} != {value:g}')
+            return result * scale
+        return rawvalue * scale
+
+    @ReadHandler(HW_ARGS)
+    def read_hwparam(self, pname):
+        """handle read for HwParam"""
+        args = HW_ARGS[pname]
+        reply = self._read_axispar(*args)
+        try:
+            value = getattr(self, pname)
+        except Exception:
+            return reply
+        if reply != value:
+            if not self.parameters[pname].readonly:
+                # this should not happen
+                self.log.warning('hw parameter %s has changed from %r to %r, write again', pname, value, reply)
+                self._write_axispar(value, *args, readback=False)
+                reply = self._read_axispar(*args)
+        return reply
+
+    @WriteHandler(HW_ARGS)
+    def write_hwparam(self, pname, value):
+        """handler write for HwParam"""
+        return self._write_axispar(value, *HW_ARGS[pname])
+
+    def doPoll(self):
+        self.read_status()  # read_value is called by read_status
+
+    def read_value(self):
+        steppos = self.read_steppos()
+        encoder = self.read_encoder() if self.has_encoder else steppos
+        if self.has_home:
+            self.read_home()
+        initialized = self.comm(GET_GLOB_PAR, 255, bank=2)
+        if initialized:  # no power loss
+            self.saveParameters()
+        elif not self._loading:  # just powered up
+            try:
+                self._loading = True
+                # get persistent values and write to HW
+                writeDict = self.loadParameters()
+            finally:
+                self._loading = False
+            self.log.info('set to previous saved values %r', writeDict)
+            # self.encoder now contains the last known (persistent) value
+            if self._need_reset is None:
+                if self.status[0] == IDLE:
+                    # server started, power cycled and encoder value matches last one
+                    self.reset()
+            else:
+                if self.has_encoder:
+                    self.fix_encoder(encoder)
+                self._need_reset = True
+                self.status = ERROR, 'power loss'
+                # or should we just fix instead of error status?
+                # self._write_axispar(self.steppos - self.zero, readback=False)
+            self.comm(SET_GLOB_PAR, 255, 1, bank=2)  # set initialized flag
+            self._run_mode = 0
+            self.setFastPoll(False)
+
+        return encoder if abs(encoder - steppos) > self.tolerance else steppos
+
+    def read_status(self):
+        oldpos = self.steppos
+        self.read_value()  # make sure encoder and steppos are fresh
+        if not self._run_mode:
+            if self.has_encoder and abs(self.encoder - self.steppos) > self.encoder_tolerance:
+                self._need_reset = True
+                if self.auto_reset:
+                    return IDLE, 'encoder does not match internal pos'
+                if self.status[0] != ERROR:
+                    self.log.error('encoder (%.2f) does not match internal pos (%.2f)', self.encoder, self.steppos)
+                    return ERROR, 'encoder does not match internal pos'
+            return self.status
+        now = self.parameters['steppos'].timestamp
+        if self.steppos != oldpos:
+            self._last_change = now
+            return BUSY, 'stopping' if self._run_mode == 2 else 'moving'
+        if now < self._last_change + 0.3 and not (self.read_target_reached() or self.read_move_status()):
+            return BUSY, 'stopping' if self._run_mode == 2  else 'moving'
+        if self.target_reached:
+            reason = ''
+        elif self.move_status:
+            reason = self.move_status.name
+        elif self.error_bits:
+            reason = formatStatusBits(self.error_bits, (
+                'stallGuard', 'over_temp', 'over_temp_warn', 'short_A', 'short_B',
+                'open_load_A', 'open_load_B', 'standstill'))
+        else:
+            reason = 'unknown'
+        self.setFastPoll(False)
+        if self._run_mode == 2:
+            self.target = self.value  # indicate to customers that this was stopped
+            self._run_mode = 0
+            return IDLE, 'stopped'
+        self._run_mode = 0
+        diff = self.target - self.encoder
+        if abs(diff) <= self.tolerance:
+            if reason:
+                self.log.warning('target reached, but move_status = %s', reason)
+            return IDLE, ''
+        if self.auto_reset:
+            self._need_reset = True
+            return IDLE, f'stalled: {reason}'
+        self.log.error('out of tolerance by %.3g (%s)', diff, reason)
+        return ERROR, f'out of tolerance ({reason})'
+
+    def write_target(self, target):
+        for _ in range(2):  # for auto reset
+            self.read_value()  # make sure encoder and steppos are fresh
+            if self.maxcurrent >= self.safe_current + CURRENT_SCALE and (
+                    abs(target - self.encoder) > self.move_limit + self.tolerance):
+                # pylint: disable=bad-string-format-type
+                # pylint wrongly does not recognise encoder as a descriptor
+                raise RangeError(f'can not move more than {self.move_limit:g} deg ({self.encoder:g} -> {target:g})')
+            diff = self.encoder - self.steppos
+            if self._need_reset:
+                if self.auto_reset:
+                    if self.isBusy():
+                        self.stop()
+                        while self.isBusy():
+                            time.sleep(0.1)
+                            self.read_value()
+                    self.reset()
+                    if self.status[0] == IDLE:
+                        continue
+                    raise HardwareError('auto reset failed')
+                raise HardwareError(f'need reset ({self.status[1]})')
+            break
+        if abs(diff) > self.tolerance:
+            if abs(diff) > self.encoder_tolerance and self.has_encoder:
+                self._need_reset = True
+                self.status = ERROR, 'encoder does not match internal pos'
+                raise HardwareError('need reset (encoder does not match internal pos)')
+            self._write_axispar(self.encoder - self.zero, STEPPOS_ADR, ANGLE_SCALE, readback=False)
+        self._last_change = time.time()
+        self._run_mode = 1  # driving
+        self.setFastPoll(True, self.fast_poll)
+        self.log.debug('move to %.1f', target)
+        self.comm(MOVE, 0, (target - self.zero) / ANGLE_SCALE)
+        self.status = BUSY, 'changed target'
+        return target
+
+    def write_zero(self, value):
+        self.zero = value
+        self.read_value()  # apply zero to encoder, steppos and value
+        return Done
+
+    def read_encoder(self):
+        if self.has_encoder:
+            return self._read_axispar(ENCODER_ADR, ANGLE_SCALE) + self.zero
+        return self.read_steppos()
+
+    def read_steppos(self):
+        return self._read_axispar(STEPPOS_ADR, ANGLE_SCALE) + self.zero
+
+    def read_home(self):
+        return not self.comm(GET_IO, 255) & 8
+
+    def write_has_home(self, value):
+        """activate pullup resistor"""
+        return bool(self.comm(SET_IO, 0, value))
+
+    @Command(FloatRange())
+    def set_zero(self, value):
+        """adapt zero to make current position equal to given value"""
+        raw = self.read_value() - self.zero
+        self.write_zero(value - raw)
+
+    def read_baudrate(self):
+        return self.comm(GET_GLOB_PAR, 65)
+
+    def write_baudrate(self, value):
+        """a baudrate change takes effect only after power cycle"""
+        return self.comm(SET_GLOB_PAR, 65, int(value))
+
+    @Command()
+    def reset(self):
+        """set steppos to encoder value, if not within tolerance"""
+        if self._run_mode:
+            raise IsBusyError('can not reset while moving')
+        tol = ENCODER_RESOLUTION * 1.1
+        for itry in range(10):
+            diff = self.read_encoder() - self.read_steppos()
+            if abs(diff) <= tol:
+                self._need_reset = False
+                self.status = IDLE, 'ok'
+                return
+            self._write_axispar(self.encoder - self.zero, STEPPOS_ADR, ANGLE_SCALE, readback=False)
+            self.comm(MOVE, 0, (self.encoder - self.zero) / ANGLE_SCALE)
+            time.sleep(0.1)
+            if itry > 5:
+                tol = self.tolerance
+        self.status = ERROR, 'reset failed'
+        return
+
+    @Command()
+    def stop(self):
+        """stop motor immediately"""
+        self._run_mode = 2  # stopping
+        self.comm(MOTOR_STOP, 0)
+        self.status = BUSY, 'stopping'
+        self.setFastPoll(False)
+
+    @Command(IntRange(), result=IntRange(), export=False)
+    def get_axis_par(self, adr):
+        """get arbitrary motor parameter"""
+        return self.comm(GET_AXIS_PAR, adr)
+
+    @Command((IntRange(), IntRange()), result=IntRange(), export=False)
+    def set_axis_par(self, adr, value):
+        """set arbitrary motor parameter"""
+        return self.comm(SET_AXIS_PAR, adr, value)