# areaDetector mar345 driver

## August 17, 2009

## Mark Rivers

## University of Chicago

## Table of Contents

- Introduction
- Implementation of standard driver parameters
- mar345 specific parameters
- Unsupported standard driver parameters
- Configuration
- MEDM screens
- Performance measurements
- Restrictions

## Introduction

This is a driver for the mar345 detector from Marresearch GmbH.

The interface to the detector is via a TCP/IP socket interface to the mar345dtb program that Marresearch provides. The mar345dtb program must be started before the areaDetector software is started.

mar345dtb must be configured to accepts commands on a TCP/IP socket port. This is done by editing the file /home/mar345/tables/config.xxx (where xxx is the serial number of that detector) and editing the COMMAND line to the following format:

    COMMAND PORT 5001

where 5001 is the TCP/IP port to use. Any high port number can be used, but it must agree with the one specified in the areaDetector mar345Config command described below.

The mar345dtb program saves the data to disk as compressed binary files. The areaDetector software reads these disk files in order to read the data, because mar345dtb does not provide another mechanism to access the data.

This driver inherits from ADDriver. It implements many of the parameters in NDStdDriverParam_t (see asynNDArryDriver.h) and in ADStdDriverParam_t (see ADArrayDriver.h). It also implements a number of parameters that are specific to the mar345 detector. The mar345 class documentation describes this class in detail.

## Implementation of standard driver parameters

The following table describes how the mar345 driver implements some of the standard driver parameters.

Implementation of Parameters in asynNDArrayDriver.h and ADDriver.h, and EPICS Record Definitions in ADBase.template and NDFile.template
Parameter index variable | EPICS record name | Description
--- | --- | ---

ADAcquire

$(P$(R)Acquire

Setting this to 1 starts an acquisition sequence. If ADNumImages is greater than 1 then it acquires multiple frames. For each frame it does the following:

1. Erases the detector if mar345EraseMode is "Before expose".
2. Opens the shutter if either the mar345 shutter or EPICS shutter controls are enabled.
3. Waits for the desired exposure time.
4. Closes the shutter if either the mar345 shutter or EPICS shutter controls are enabled.
5. Scans the detector and saves the file.
6. Erases the detector if mar345EraseMode is "After scan".

If ADAcquire is set to 0 during exposure (step 3 above) then it proceeds immediately to step 4, finishes collecting the current frame and stops the acquisition sequence if ADNumImages is greater than 1. If mar345Abort is set to 0 then the acquisition is terminated as soon as possible without saving the data. Note however that commands to the mar345 server to erase, change mode, or scan cannot be aborted, so the driver must wait for these commands to complete.

ADNumImages | $(P$(R)NumImages | Controls the number of images to acquire when ADImageMode is ADImageMultiple.
ADAcquirePeriod | $(P$(R)AcquirePeriod | Controls the period between images when ADImageMode is ADImageMultiple or ADImageContinuous. If this is greater than the acquisition time plus readout overhead then the driver will wait until the period has elapsed before starting the next acquisition.
NDFilePath | $(P$(R)FilePath | Controls the path for saving images. It must be a valid path for mar345dtb and for the areaDetector driver, which is normally running in an EPICS IOC. If mar345dtb and the EPICS IOC are not running on the same machine then soft links will typically be used to make the paths look identical.

NDFileTemplate

$(P$(R)FileTemplate

The mar345dtb program uses a file extension which describes the scan size and resolution, e.g. 3450, etc. Thus the FileTemplate should not include an extension. Furthermore mar345dtb always uses exactly 3 digits for the FileNumber (with leading zeros if required), just before the extension. Thus the final 3 characters of the FileTemplate must be "%3.3d". If they are not then mar345dtb will successfully save the file, but with a different name than the areaDetector driver was expecting it to use, and the driver will generate an error when it tries to open the file to read the data. A good value for FileTemplate is thus "%s%s_3.3d", which will concatentate the FilePath and FileName, followed by an underscore and then a 3 digit number with leading zeros if required. The underscore is optional, and other characters can be placed between the FileName and the FileNumber if desired.

NDFileFormat | $(P)$(R)FileFormat | mar345 only supports mar345 format binary files.
NDStatus | $(P)$(R)DetectorState_RBV | mar345 replaces the state strings with the following: Exposing, Scanning, Erasing, Changing Mode, Aborting, Error, and Waiting.

It is useful to use NDPluginROI to define an ROI containing the entire mar345 detector. The MaxValue_RBV PV in this ROI can be monitored to make sure that the 16-bit limit of 65,535 is not being approached in any pixel.

## mar345 specific parameters

The mar345 driver implements the following parameters in addition to those in asynNDArrayDriver.h and ADDriver.h. Note that to reduce the width of this table the parameter index variable names have been split into 2 lines, but these are just a single name, for example `mar345ScanSize`.

Parameter Definitions in mar345.cpp and EPICS Record Definitions in mar345.template
Parameter index variable | asyn interface | Access | Description | drvInfo string | EPICS record name | EPICS record type
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Readout parameters
mar345 ScanSize | asynInt32 | r/w | The detector diameter to read out. Choices are 180mm, 240mm, 300mm, and 345mm. | MAR_SIZE | $(P)$(R)ScanSize $(P)$(R)ScanSize_RBV | mbbo mbbi
mar345 ScanResolution | asynInt32 | r/w | The pixel size to use when reading the detector out. Choices are 0.10 and 0.15mm. | MAR_RESOLUTION | $(P)$(R)ScanResolution $(P)$(R)ScanResolution_RBV | mbbo mbbi

mar345
ChangeMode

asynInt32

r/w

Writing 1 to this parameter causes the ScanSize and ScanResolution values to be sent to the server, changing the scan mode. This is not strictly necessary, because the size and resolution is also encoded in the file extension used in the scan command. However, changing the mode before doing a scan reduces the time for the scan, because the detector is already configured for the correct mode.

MAR_CHANGE_MODE

$(P)$(R)ChangeMode
$(P)$(R)ChangedMode_RBV

busy
bi

Erase parameters
mar345 EraseMode | asynInt32 | r/w | Controls whether an erase cycle should be automatically performed during acquisition. Choices are None, Before expose, and After scan. | MAR_ERASE_MODE | $(P)$(R)EraseMode $(P)$(R)EraseMode_RBV | mbbo mbbi
mar345 NumErase | asynInt32 | r/w | The number of erase cycles to perform each time the detector is erased, either because the mar345Erase parameter is set to 1, or because of an automatic erase as part of an acquisition. | MAR_NUM_ERASE | $(P)$(R)NumErase $(P)$(R)NumErase_RBV | longout longin
mar345 Erase | asynInt32 | r/w | Write 1 to this parameter to initiate erasing the detector. The detector will be erased multiple times if mar345NumErase is greater than 1. | MAR_ERASE | $(P)$(R)Erase $(P)$(R)Erase_RBV | busy bi
Abort parameters
mar345 Abort | asynInt32 | r/w | Writing 1 to this parameter aborts the current operation as soon as possible and returns the driver to the idle state. Note however that commands to the mar345 server cannot be aborted, so the driver must wait for the current command to complete. | MAR_ABORT | $(P)$(R)Abort $(P)$(R)Abort_RBV | bo bi
Debugging
N/A | N/A | N/A | asyn record to control debugging communication with mar345dtb program | N/A | $(P)$(R)marSserverAsyn | asyn

## Unsupported standard driver parameters

The mar345 driver does not support the following standard driver parameters because they are not supported in the mar345dtb program:

- Number of exposures per image (ADNumExposures)
- Trigger mode (ADTriggerMode)
- Gain (ADGain)
- Region to read out (ADMinX, ADMinY, ADSizeX, ADSizeY, ADReverseX, ADReverseY)
- Binning (ADBinX, ADBinY)
- Frame type (ADFrameType)
- Data type (NDDataType)
- Reading previous files (NDReadFile)
- Capture or stream file saving (NDFileWriteMode, NDFileCapture, NDNumCapture, NDNumCaptured)

## Configuration

The mar345 driver is created with the mar345Config command, either from C/C++ or from the EPICS IOC shell.

    int mar345Config(const char *portName, const char *serverPort,
                     int maxBuffers, size_t maxMemory,
                     int priority, int stackSize)

For details on the meaning of the parameters to this function refer to the detailed documentation on the mar345Config function in the mar345.cpp documentation and in the documentation for the constructor for the mar345 class.

There an example IOC boot directory and startup script (iocBoot/iocMAR345/st.cmd) provided with areaDetector.

## MEDM screens

The following show the MEDM screens that are used to control the mar345 detector. Note that the general purpose screen ADBase.adl can be used, but it exposes many controls that are not applicable to the mar345, and lacks some fields that are important for the mar345.

`mar345.adl` is the main screen used to control the mar345 driver.

### mar345.adl

## Performance measurements

The mar345 is definitely not a fast detector! The following measurements show the time to perform various erase and scan operations. Note that because the mar345 file format is compressed the file sizes are typically much less than the image sizes listed.

Scan diameter | Pixel size | Image dimensions | Image size (MB) | Time to scan | Time to erase
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
180 mm | 0.15 mm | 1200x1200 | 2.7 | 38.6 | 37.8
240 mm | 0.15 mm | 1600x1600 | 4.9 | 50.4 | 50.8
300 mm | 0.15 mm | 2000x2000 | 7.6 | 74.7 | 66.9
345 mm | 0.15 mm | 2300x2300 | 10.1 | 88.6 | 82.7
180 mm | 0.10 mm | 1800x1800 | 6.2 | 46.4 | 45.9
240 mm | 0.10 mm | 2400x2400 | 11.0 | 71.9 | 63.8
300 mm | 0.10 mm | 3000x3000 | 17.2 | 89.1 | 87.0
345 mm | 0.10 mm | 3450x3450 | 22.7 | 107.5 | 107.1

## Restrictions

The following are some current restrictions of the mar345 driver:

- The areaDetector driver can in principle be run on machines other than the Linux machine running mar345dtb, since the connection is via a socket. It has only been tested on Linux.
- The following items are hardcoded in the driver. They can be changed by recompiling compiling if necessary.
  - MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE=256 The maximum size of message to/from mar345dtb server.
  - MAX_FILENAME_LEN=256 The maximum size of a complete file name including path and extension.
  - MAR345_COMMAND_TIMEOUT=180.0 Timeout for a complete erase or scan command to complete.