diff --git a/src/cas/build/Makefile b/src/cas/build/Makefile
index 668eda589..c71fd6d48 100644
--- a/src/cas/build/Makefile
+++ b/src/cas/build/Makefile
@@ -4,16 +4,21 @@ SRC := $(CAS)/generic
 CA := $(CAS)/../ca
 IOSRC := $(CAS)/io/bsdSocket
 STSRC := $(SRC)/st
-USER_VPATH := $(SRC) $(STSRC) $(IOSRC)
+USR_VPATH := $(SRC) $(STSRC) $(IOSRC)
 
 include $(TOP)/configure/CONFIG
 
-SRC_DIRS += $(CAS)/generic $(CAS)/singleThread
+SRC_DIRS += $(CAS)/generic 
 
 # sometimes it's good to have different C/C++ flags, not now:
 USR_CFLAGS = -I$(SRC) -I$(IOSRC) -I$(STSRC) -I$(CA) -DcaNetAddrSock
 USR_CXXFLAGS = $(USR_CFLAGS)
 
+INC += casdef.h
+INC += casEventMask.h
+INC += casInternal.h
+INC += caNetAddr.h
+
 LIBSRCS += caServer.cc
 LIBSRCS += caServerI.cc
 LIBSRCS += casCoreClient.cc
diff --git a/src/cas/example/simple/exPV.cc b/src/cas/example/simple/exPV.cc
index 332a634ca..56d82e44a 100644
--- a/src/cas/example/simple/exPV.cc
+++ b/src/cas/example/simple/exPV.cc
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ caStatus exPV::update(gdd &valueIn)
 #	endif
 
 	cas = this->updateValue (valueIn);
-	if (cas || this->pValue==NULL) {
+	if ( cas || ( ! this->pValue.valid() ) ) {
 		return cas;
 	}
 
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ void exPV::interestDelete()
 void exPV::show(unsigned level) const
 {
 	if (level>1u) {
-		if (this->pValue!=NULL) {
+		if ( this->pValue.valid () ) {
 			printf("exPV: cond=%d\n", this->pValue->getStat());
 			printf("exPV: sevr=%d\n", this->pValue->getSevr());
 			printf("exPV: value=%f\n", (double) *this->pValue);
@@ -321,11 +321,11 @@ caStatus exPV::getValue(gdd &value)
 {
 	caStatus status;
 
-	if (this->pValue!=NULL) {
+	if ( this->pValue.valid () ) {
 		gddStatus gdds;
 
 		gdds = gddApplicationTypeTable::
-			app_table.smartCopy(&value, this->pValue);
+			app_table.smartCopy (&value, & (*this->pValue) );
 		if (gdds) {
 			status = S_cas_noConvert;	
 		}
diff --git a/src/cas/example/simple/exScalarPV.cc b/src/cas/example/simple/exScalarPV.cc
index c33f0569a..8daab0f6c 100644
--- a/src/cas/example/simple/exScalarPV.cc
+++ b/src/cas/example/simple/exScalarPV.cc
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ void exScalarPV::scan()
 	this->currentTime = osiTime::getCurrent();
 
 	pDD = new gddScalar (gddAppType_value, aitEnumFloat32);
-	if (pDD==NULL) {
+	if ( ! pDD.valid () ) {
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ void exScalarPV::scan()
 	assert (!gddStatus);
 
 	radians = (rand () * 2.0 * myPI)/RAND_MAX;
-	if (this->pValue!=NULL) {
+	if ( this->pValue.valid () ) {
 		this->pValue->getConvert(newValue);
 	}
 	else {
diff --git a/src/cas/example/simple/exVectorPV.cc b/src/cas/example/simple/exVectorPV.cc
index 52f9d1fa9..b7d19f342 100644
--- a/src/cas/example/simple/exVectorPV.cc
+++ b/src/cas/example/simple/exVectorPV.cc
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ void exVectorPV::scan()
  
 	pDD = new gddAtomic (gddAppType_value, aitEnumFloat32, 
 			1u, this->info.getElementCount());
-	if (pDD==NULL) {
+	if ( ! pDD.valid () ) {
 		return;
 	}
  
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ void exVectorPV::scan()
 	// current value
 	//
 	pCF=NULL;
-	if (this->pValue!=NULL) {
+	if ( this->pValue.valid () ) {
 		if (this->pValue->dimension()==1u) {
 			const gddBounds *pB = this->pValue->getBounds();
 			if (pB[0u].size()==this->info.getElementCount()) {
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ caStatus exVectorPV::updateValue(gdd &valueIn)
 		//
 		pNewValue = new gddAtomic (gddAppType_value, aitEnumFloat32, 
 			1u, this->info.getElementCount());
-		if (pNewValue==NULL) {
+		if ( ! pNewValue.valid () ) {
 			return S_casApp_noMemory;
 		}
 		
@@ -223,9 +223,9 @@ caStatus exVectorPV::updateValue(gdd &valueIn)
 		// copy over the old values if they exist
 		// (or initialize all elements to zero)
 		//
-		if (this->pValue!=NULL) {
-			gdds = pNewValue->copy(this->pValue);
-			if (gdds) {
+		if ( this->pValue.valid () ) {
+			gdds = pNewValue->copy( &(*this->pValue) );
+			if ( gdds ) {
 				return S_cas_noConvert;
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/src/cas/generic/casChannelI.cc b/src/cas/generic/casChannelI.cc
index 0fe57b9ea..214713a9e 100644
--- a/src/cas/generic/casChannelI.cc
+++ b/src/cas/generic/casChannelI.cc
@@ -59,30 +59,28 @@ casChannelI::~casChannelI()
     //
     // cancel any pending asynchronous IO 
     //
-    tsDLIterBD<casAsyncIOI> iterAIO(this->ioInProgList.first());
-    while ( iterAIO!=tsDLIterBD<casAsyncIOI>::eol() ) {
+    tsDLIterBD<casAsyncIOI> iterAIO ( this->ioInProgList.first () );
+    while ( iterAIO.valid () ) {
         //
         // destructor removes from this list
         //
         tsDLIterBD<casAsyncIOI> tmpAIO = iterAIO;
         ++tmpAIO;
-        iterAIO->serverDestroy();
+        iterAIO->serverDestroy ();
         iterAIO = tmpAIO;
     }
     
     //
     // cancel the monitors 
     //
-    tsDLIterBD<casMonitor> iterMon (this->monitorList.first());
-    while ( iterMon!=tsDLIterBD<casMonitor>::eol() ) {
-        casMonitor *pMonitor;
+    tsDLIterBD <casMonitor> iterMon ( this->monitorList.first () );
+    while ( iterMon.valid () ) {
         //
         // destructor removes from this list
         //
-        tsDLIterBD<casMonitor> tmpMon = iterMon;
-        pMonitor = tmpMon;
+        tsDLIterBD <casMonitor> tmpMon = iterMon;
         ++tmpMon;
-        delete pMonitor;
+        iterMon->destroy ();
         iterMon = tmpMon;
     }
     
@@ -106,8 +104,8 @@ void casChannelI::clearOutstandingReads()
     //
     // cancel any pending asynchronous IO 
     //
-	tsDLIterBD<casAsyncIOI> iterIO(this->ioInProgList.first());
-	while (iterIO!=tsDLIterBD<casAsyncIOI>::eol() ) {
+	tsDLIterBD <casAsyncIOI> iterIO ( this->ioInProgList.first () );
+	while ( iterIO.valid () ) {
 		//
 		// destructor removes from this list
 		//
@@ -128,12 +126,12 @@ void casChannelI::show(unsigned level) const
 	this->lock();
 
 	tsDLIterBD<casMonitor> iter(this->monitorList.first());
-	if ( iter!=tsDLIterBD<casMonitor>::eol() ) {
+	if ( iter.valid () ) {
 		printf("List of CA events (monitors) for \"%s\".\n",
 			this->pv.getName());
 	}
-	while ( iter!=tsDLIterBD<casMonitor>::eol() ) {
-		iter->show(level);
+	while ( iter.valid () ) {
+		iter->show ( level );
 		++iter;
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/cas/generic/casChannelIIL.h b/src/cas/generic/casChannelIIL.h
index 8012200e9..007cddf3a 100644
--- a/src/cas/generic/casChannelIIL.h
+++ b/src/cas/generic/casChannelIIL.h
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ inline void casChannelI::postEvent (const casEventMask &select, const smartConst
 	this->lock();
 
     tsDLIterBD<casMonitor> iter(this->monitorList.first());
-    while ( iter != tsDLIterBD<casMonitor>::eol() ) {
+    while ( iter.valid () ) {
         iter->post (select, pEvent);
 	    ++iter;
     }
@@ -102,19 +102,18 @@ inline void casChannelI::addMonitor(casMonitor &mon)
 // sane clients will require only one or two monitors
 // per channel)
 //
-inline casMonitor *casChannelI::findMonitor(const caResId clientIdIn)
+inline tsDLIterBD <casMonitor> casChannelI::findMonitor (const caResId clientIdIn)
 {
-	this->lock();
-	tsDLIterBD<casMonitor> iter(this->monitorList.first());
-    while ( iter!=tsDLIterBD<casMonitor>::eol() ) {
-		if ( clientIdIn == iter->getClientId()) {
-			casMonitor *pMon = iter;
-			return pMon;
+	this->lock ();
+	tsDLIterBD <casMonitor> iter ( this->monitorList.first () );
+    while ( iter.valid () ) {
+		if ( clientIdIn == iter->getClientId () ) {
+			break;
 		}
-		++iter;
+		iter++;
 	}
-	this->unlock();
-	return NULL;
+	this->unlock ();
+	return iter;
 }
 
 //
diff --git a/src/cas/generic/casCoreClient.cc b/src/cas/generic/casCoreClient.cc
index 6cfe977ed..7526552cf 100644
--- a/src/cas/generic/casCoreClient.cc
+++ b/src/cas/generic/casCoreClient.cc
@@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ casCoreClient::~casCoreClient()
 	//
 	// cancel any pending asynchronous IO
 	//
-	while (iterIO!=tsDLIterBD<casAsyncIOI>::eol()) {
+	while ( iterIO.valid () ) {
 		//
 		// destructor removes from this list
 		//
-		tsDLIterBD<casAsyncIOI> tmpIO = iterIO;
+		tsDLIterBD <casAsyncIOI> tmpIO = iterIO;
 		++tmpIO;
-        iterIO->serverDestroy();
+        iterIO->serverDestroy ();
 		iterIO = tmpIO;
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/cas/generic/casInternal.h b/src/cas/generic/casInternal.h
index f3aa950a0..aac470955 100644
--- a/src/cas/generic/casInternal.h
+++ b/src/cas/generic/casInternal.h
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ public:
 	// sane clients will require only one or two monitors 
 	// per channel)
 	//
-	casMonitor *findMonitor (const caResId clientIdIn);
+	tsDLIterBD <casMonitor> findMonitor (const caResId clientIdIn);
 
 	casPVI &getPVI () const 
 	{
diff --git a/src/cas/generic/casPVI.cc b/src/cas/generic/casPVI.cc
index 5064e9485..1a740f686 100644
--- a/src/cas/generic/casPVI.cc
+++ b/src/cas/generic/casPVI.cc
@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ casPVI::~casPVI()
 		//
 		// delete any attached channels
 		//
-		tsDLIterBD<casPVListChan> iter(this->chanList.first());
-		while (iter!=tsDLIterBD<casPVListChan>::eol()) {
+		tsDLIterBD <casPVListChan> iter ( this->chanList.first () );
+		while ( iter.valid () ) {
 			//
 			// deleting the channel removes it from the list
 			//
diff --git a/src/cas/generic/casPVIIL.h b/src/cas/generic/casPVIIL.h
index ceabab963..d3a5a0093 100644
--- a/src/cas/generic/casPVIIL.h
+++ b/src/cas/generic/casPVIIL.h
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ inline void casPVI::postEvent (const casEventMask &select, const smartConstGDDPo
 
 	this->lock();
 	tsDLIterBD<casPVListChan> iter(this->chanList.first());
-    while ( iter != tsDLIterBD<casPVListChan>::eol() ) {
+    while ( iter.valid () ) {
 		iter->postEvent(select, pEvent);
 		++iter;
 	}
diff --git a/src/cas/generic/casStrmClient.cc b/src/cas/generic/casStrmClient.cc
index a6d8724d4..1fa7c6ffe 100644
--- a/src/cas/generic/casStrmClient.cc
+++ b/src/cas/generic/casStrmClient.cc
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ casStrmClient::~casStrmClient()
 	// delete all channel attached
 	//
 	tsDLIterBD<casChannelI> iter(this->chanList.first());
-	while (iter!=tsDLIterBD<casChannelI>::eol()) {
+	while ( iter.valid () ) {
 		//
 		// destroying the channel removes it from the list
 		//
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ static smartGDDPointer createDBRDD (unsigned dbrType, aitIndex dbrCount)
 	aitUint32 valIndex;
 	aitUint32 gddStatus;
 	aitUint16 appType;
-    smartGDDPointer pVal;
+    gdd *pVal;
 	
 	/*
 	 * DBR type has already been checked, but it is possible
@@ -529,17 +529,17 @@ static smartGDDPointer createDBRDD (unsigned dbrType, aitIndex dbrCount)
 	// create the descriptor
 	//
 	pDescRet = gddApplicationTypeTable::app_table.getDD (appType);
-	if (!pDescRet) {
+	if ( ! pDescRet.valid () ) {
 		return pDescRet;
 	}
 	
-	if (pDescRet->isContainer()) {
+	if ( pDescRet->isContainer () ) {
 		
 		//
 		// unable to change the bounds on the managed GDD that is
 		// returned for DBR types
 		//
-		if (dbrCount>1 ) {
+		if ( dbrCount > 1 ) {
 			pDescRet = (gdd *) new gdd (*pDescRet);
 			//
 			// smart pointer class maintains the ref count from here down
@@ -554,30 +554,30 @@ static smartGDDPointer createDBRDD (unsigned dbrType, aitIndex dbrCount)
 		gddStatus = 
 			gddApplicationTypeTable::app_table.mapAppToIndex
 			(appType, gddAppType_value, valIndex);
-		if (gddStatus) {
+		if ( gddStatus ) {
 			pDescRet = NULL;
 			return pDescRet;
 		}
-		pVal = pDescRet->getDD (valIndex);
-		if (!pVal) {
+		pVal = pDescRet->getDD ( valIndex );
+		if ( ! pVal ) {
             pDescRet = NULL;
 			return pDescRet;
 		}
 	}
 	else {
-		pVal = pDescRet;
+		pVal = & ( *pDescRet );
 	}
 	
-	if (pVal->isScalar()) {
+	if ( pVal->isScalar () ) {
 		if (dbrCount<=1u) {
-			return S_cas_success;
+			return pDescRet;
 		}
 		
 		//
 		// scalar and managed (and need to set the bounds)
 		//	=> out of luck (cant modify bounds)
 		//
-		if (pDescRet->isManaged()) {
+		if ( pDescRet->isManaged () ) {
 			pDescRet = NULL;
 			return pDescRet;
 		}
@@ -586,27 +586,27 @@ static smartGDDPointer createDBRDD (unsigned dbrType, aitIndex dbrCount)
 		// convert to atomic
 		//
 		gddBounds bds;
-		bds.setSize(dbrCount);
-		bds.setFirst(0u);
-		pVal->setDimension(1u, &bds);
+		bds.setSize ( dbrCount );
+		bds.setFirst ( 0u );
+		pVal->setDimension ( 1u, &bds );
 	}
-	else if (pVal->isAtomic()) {
-		const gddBounds* pB = pVal->getBounds();
+	else if ( pVal->isAtomic () ) {
+		const gddBounds* pB = pVal->getBounds ();
 		aitIndex bound = dbrCount;
 		unsigned dim;
 		int modAllowed;
 		
-		if (pDescRet->isManaged() || pDescRet->isFlat()) {
+		if ( pDescRet->isManaged () || pDescRet->isFlat () ) {
 			modAllowed = FALSE;
 		}
 		else {
 			modAllowed = TRUE;
 		}
 		
-		for (dim=0u; dim<(unsigned)pVal->dimension(); dim++) {
-			if (pB[dim].first()!=0u && pB[dim].size()!=bound) {
-				if (modAllowed) {
-					pVal->setBound(dim, 0u, bound);
+		for ( dim=0u; dim < (unsigned) pVal->dimension (); dim++ ) {
+			if ( pB[dim].first () != 0u && pB[dim].size() != bound ) {
+				if ( modAllowed ) {
+					pVal->setBound( dim, 0u, bound );
 				}
 				else {
 					pDescRet = NULL;
@@ -976,7 +976,7 @@ caStatus casStrmClient::hostNameAction()
 	this->pHostName = pMalloc;
 
 	tsDLIterBD<casChannelI> iter(this->chanList.first());
-	while ( iter!=tsDLIterBD<casChannelI>::eol() ) {
+	while ( iter.valid () ) {
 		iter->setOwner(this->pUserName, this->pHostName);
 		++iter;
 	}
@@ -1023,9 +1023,9 @@ caStatus casStrmClient::clientNameAction()
 	}
 	this->pUserName = pMalloc;
 
-	tsDLIterBD<casChannelI>	iter(this->chanList.first());
-	while ( iter!=tsDLIterBD<casChannelI>::eol() ) {
-		iter->setOwner(this->pUserName, this->pHostName);
+	tsDLIterBD <casChannelI>	iter ( this->chanList.first () );
+	while ( iter.valid () ) {
+		iter->setOwner ( this->pUserName, this->pHostName );
 		++iter;
 	}
 	this->unlock();
@@ -1499,7 +1499,6 @@ caStatus casStrmClient::eventCancelAction ()
 	void		*dp = this->ctx.getData ();
 	casChannelI *pciu;
 	caHdr		*reply;
-	casMonitor	*pMon;
 	int 	status;
 	
 	/*
@@ -1520,8 +1519,8 @@ caStatus casStrmClient::eventCancelAction ()
 	/*
 	 * verify the event (monitor)
 	 */
-	pMon = pciu->findMonitor (mp->m_available);
-	if (!pMon) {
+    tsDLIterBD < casMonitor >	pMon = pciu->findMonitor ( mp->m_available );
+	if ( ! pMon.valid () ) {
 		//
 		// this indicates client or server library corruption
 		//
@@ -1545,7 +1544,7 @@ caStatus casStrmClient::eventCancelAction ()
 	
 	this->commitMsg ();
 	
-	delete pMon;
+	pMon->destroy ();
 	
 	return S_cas_success;
 }
@@ -1621,8 +1620,8 @@ caStatus casStrmClient::readSyncAction()
 	//
 	this->lock();
 	tsDLIterBD<casChannelI> iter(this->chanList.first());
-	while ( iter!=tsDLIterBD<casChannelI>::eol() ) {
-		iter->clearOutstandingReads();
+	while ( iter.valid () ) {
+		iter->clearOutstandingReads ();
 		++iter;
 	}
 	this->unlock();
@@ -1928,7 +1927,7 @@ caStatus casStrmClient::read (smartGDDPointer &pDescRet)
 	caStatus        status;
 
 	pDescRet = createDBRDD (pHdr->m_dataType, pHdr->m_count);
-	if (!pDescRet) {
+	if ( ! pDescRet ) {
 		return S_cas_noMemory;
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/cas/io/bsdSocket/caServerIO.cc b/src/cas/io/bsdSocket/caServerIO.cc
index 5ff730cbf..f5049c0f7 100644
--- a/src/cas/io/bsdSocket/caServerIO.cc
+++ b/src/cas/io/bsdSocket/caServerIO.cc
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #include "server.h"
 #include "osiSigPipeIgnore.h"
 
-static char *getToken(const char **ppString, char *pBuf, unsigned bufSIze);
+static char *getToken (const char **ppString, char *pBuf, unsigned bufSIze);
 
 int caServerIO::staticInitialized;
 
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ int caServerIO::staticInitialized;
 //
 caServerIO::caServerIO ()
 {
-	if (!bsdSockAttach()) {
+	if ( ! osiSockAttach () ) {
 		throw S_cas_internal;
 	}
 
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ void caServerIO::locateInterfaces ()
 //
 caServerIO::~caServerIO()
 {
-	bsdSockRelease();
+	osiSockRelease();
 }
 
 //
diff --git a/src/cas/io/bsdSocket/casDGIntfIO.cc b/src/cas/io/bsdSocket/casDGIntfIO.cc
index 27cafd851..fad168055 100644
--- a/src/cas/io/bsdSocket/casDGIntfIO.cc
+++ b/src/cas/io/bsdSocket/casDGIntfIO.cc
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ casDGIntfIO::casDGIntfIO (caServerI &serverIn, const caNetAddr &addr,
     
     ellInit(&this->beaconAddrList);
     
-    if (!bsdSockAttach()) {
+    if ( ! osiSockAttach () ) {
         throw S_cas_internal;
     }
     
@@ -202,17 +202,21 @@ casDGIntfIO::casDGIntfIO (caServerI &serverIn, const caNetAddr &addr,
 //
 casDGIntfIO::~casDGIntfIO()
 {
-    if (this->sock!=INVALID_SOCKET) {
-        socket_close(this->sock);
+    if ( this->sock != INVALID_SOCKET ) {
+        socket_close ( this->sock );
     }
 
-    if (this->bcastRecvSock!=INVALID_SOCKET) {
-        socket_close(this->bcastRecvSock);
+    if ( this->bcastRecvSock != INVALID_SOCKET ) {
+        socket_close ( this->bcastRecvSock );
+    }
+
+    if ( this->beaconSock != INVALID_SOCKET ) {
+        socket_close ( this->beaconSock );
     }
     
-    ellFree(&this->beaconAddrList);
+    ellFree ( &this->beaconAddrList );
     
-    bsdSockRelease();
+    osiSockRelease ();
 }
 
 //
@@ -367,8 +371,6 @@ void casDGIntfIO::sendBeaconIO (char &msg, unsigned length, aitUint16 &portField
             else if (addr.sa.sa_family==AF_INET) {
                 addrField = addr.ia.sin_addr.s_addr;
 
-printf ("sending beacon specifying port %u addr %x\n", portField, addr.ia.sin_addr.s_addr);
-
                 status = sendto (this->beaconSock, &msg, length, 0, 
                     &pAddr->addr.sa, sizeof(pAddr->addr.sa));
                 if (status < 0) {
@@ -527,7 +529,7 @@ SOCKET casDGIntfIO::makeSockDG ()
     status = setsockopt(
         newSock,
         SOL_SOCKET,
-s        SO_REUSEADDR,
+        SO_REUSEADDR,
         (char *) &yes,
         sizeof (yes));
     if (status<0) {
diff --git a/src/cas/io/bsdSocket/casIntfIO.cc b/src/cas/io/bsdSocket/casIntfIO.cc
index 4749c9213..544f813e6 100644
--- a/src/cas/io/bsdSocket/casIntfIO.cc
+++ b/src/cas/io/bsdSocket/casIntfIO.cc
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ casIntfIO::casIntfIO (const caNetAddr &addrIn) :
 	int status;
 	int addrSize;
 
-	if (!bsdSockAttach()) {
+	if ( ! osiSockAttach () ) {
 		throw S_cas_internal;
 	}
 
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ casIntfIO::~casIntfIO()
 		socket_close(this->sock);
 	}
 
-	bsdSockRelease();
+	osiSockRelease ();
 }
 
 //