This is t1-template.txt With $(a) & $(b): This is t1-include.txt a = default value used when a is undefined b = default value used when b is undefined End of t1-include.txt On defining a=aaa & b=bbb: This is t1-include.txt again a = aaa b = bbb End of t1-include.txt On setting a="aa": This is t1-include.txt again a = "aa" b = bbb End of t1-include.txt End of t1-template.txt