diff --git a/log/src/log.rs b/log/src/log.rs
index e08dc55..bf04f14 100644
--- a/log/src/log.rs
+++ b/log/src/log.rs
@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@
 // pub use tracing::debug;
 // pub use tracing::error;
 // pub use tracing::info;
-pub use tracing::trace;
+// pub use tracing::trace;
 pub use tracing::warn;
 
 pub use direct_debug as debug;
 pub use direct_error as error;
 pub use direct_info as info;
+pub use direct_trace as trace;
 
 pub mod log_macros_direct {
     #[allow(unused)]
diff --git a/netfetch/src/ca/conn.rs b/netfetch/src/ca/conn.rs
index b511440..15884c8 100644
--- a/netfetch/src/ca/conn.rs
+++ b/netfetch/src/ca/conn.rs
@@ -1489,7 +1489,7 @@ impl CaConn {
     }
 
     fn handle_writer_establish_inner(&mut self, cid: Cid, writer: CaRtWriter) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        trace!("handle_writer_establish_inner  {cid:?}");
+        trace!("handle_writer_establish_inner  {:?}", cid);
         let dbg_chn_cid = dbg_chn_cid(cid, self);
         if dbg_chn_cid {
             info!("handle_writer_establish_inner  {:?}", cid);
@@ -2693,7 +2693,7 @@ impl CaConn {
                                 self.mett.caget_timeout().inc();
                                 let next = PollTickStateIdle::decide_next(st4.next_backup, st3.poll_ivl, tsnow);
                                 if self.trace_channel_poll {
-                                    trace!("make poll idle after poll timeout  {next:?}");
+                                    trace!("make poll idle after poll timeout  {:?}", next);
                                 }
                                 st3.tick = PollTickState::Idle(PollTickStateIdle { next });
                             }
@@ -2705,7 +2705,7 @@ impl CaConn {
                 ChannelState::Closing(st2) => {
                     if st2.tsbeg + TIMEOUT_CHANNEL_CLOSING < tsnow {
                         let name = conf.conf.name();
-                        warn!("timeout while closing channel {name}");
+                        warn!("timeout while closing channel {}", name);
                         do_shutdown = Some(ShutdownReason::IocTimeout);
                     }
                 }
@@ -2847,7 +2847,7 @@ impl CaConn {
                             CaMsgTy::SearchRes(k) => {
                                 let a = k.addr.to_be_bytes();
                                 let addr = format!("{}.{}.{}.{}:{}", a[0], a[1], a[2], a[3], k.tcp_port);
-                                trace!("search result indicates server address: {addr}");
+                                trace!("search result indicates server address: {}", addr);
                                 // TODO count this unexpected case.
                             }
                             CaMsgTy::CreateChanRes(k) => {
@@ -2911,11 +2911,11 @@ impl CaConn {
                                 }
                             }
                             CaMsgTy::Error(msg) => {
-                                warn!("CaConn sees: {msg:?}");
+                                warn!("CaConn sees: {:?}", msg);
                             }
                             CaMsgTy::AccessRightsRes(msg) => {
                                 if false {
-                                    warn!("CaConn sees: {msg:?}");
+                                    warn!("CaConn sees: {:?}", msg);
                                 }
                             }
                             CaMsgTy::VersionRes(_) => {
diff --git a/netfetch/src/ca/connset.rs b/netfetch/src/ca/connset.rs
index 6c3bb7f..e1990c7 100644
--- a/netfetch/src/ca/connset.rs
+++ b/netfetch/src/ca/connset.rs
@@ -702,7 +702,7 @@ impl CaConnSet {
     }
 
     fn handle_series_lookup_result(&mut self, res: Result<ChannelInfoResult, Error>) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        trace!("handle_series_lookup_result {res:?}");
+        trace!("handle_series_lookup_result {:?}", res);
         if self.shutdown_stopping {
             Ok(())
         } else {
@@ -920,7 +920,7 @@ impl CaConnSet {
     }
 
     fn handle_ioc_query_result(&mut self, results: VecDeque<FindIocRes>) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        trace!("handle_ioc_query_result  {results:?}");
+        trace!("handle_ioc_query_result  {:?}", results);
         if self.shutdown_stopping {
             return Ok(());
         }
diff --git a/netfetch/src/ca/finder.rs b/netfetch/src/ca/finder.rs
index 8812ba2..bbd1483 100644
--- a/netfetch/src/ca/finder.rs
+++ b/netfetch/src/ca/finder.rs
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ async fn finder_worker(
     trace!("finder_worker  jh_batch awaited");
     for (i, jh) in jhs.into_iter().enumerate() {
         jh.await??;
-        trace!("finder_worker  single {i} awaited");
+        trace!("finder_worker  single {} awaited", i);
     }
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -259,11 +259,11 @@ async fn finder_network_if_not_found(
         }
     }
     drop(net_tx);
-    trace!("{self_name}  loop end");
+    trace!("{}  loop end", self_name);
     jh_ca_search.await??;
-    trace!("{self_name}  jh_ca_search  awaited");
+    trace!("{}  jh_ca_search  awaited", self_name);
     jh2.await??;
-    trace!("{self_name}  process_net_result  awaited");
+    trace!("{}  process_net_result  awaited", self_name);
     Ok(())
 }
 
diff --git a/netfetch/src/ca/search.rs b/netfetch/src/ca/search.rs
index 53ac540..3d79541 100644
--- a/netfetch/src/ca/search.rs
+++ b/netfetch/src/ca/search.rs
@@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ async fn resolve_address(addr_str: &str) -> Result<SocketAddr, Error> {
     let ac = match addr_str.parse::<SocketAddr>() {
         Ok(k) => k,
         Err(_) => {
-            trace!("can not parse {addr_str} as SocketAddr");
+            trace!("can not parse {} as SocketAddr", addr_str);
             match addr_str.parse::<IpAddr>() {
                 Ok(k) => SocketAddr::new(k, PORT_DEFAULT),
                 Err(_e) => {
-                    trace!("can not parse {addr_str} as IpAddr");
+                    trace!("can not parse {} as IpAddr", addr_str);
                     let (hostname, port) = if addr_str.contains(":") {
                         let mut it = addr_str.split(":");
                         (
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ async fn search_tgts_from_opts(opts: &CaIngestOpts) -> Result<(Vec<SocketAddrV4>
     for s in opts.search() {
         match resolve_address(s).await {
             Ok(addr) => {
-                trace!("resolved {s} as {addr}");
+                trace!("resolved {} as {}", s, addr);
                 match addr {
                     SocketAddr::V4(addr) => {
                         addrs.push(addr);
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ async fn search_tgts_from_opts(opts: &CaIngestOpts) -> Result<(Vec<SocketAddrV4>
         for s in opts.search_blacklist() {
             match resolve_address(s).await {
                 Ok(addr) => {
-                    trace!("resolved {s} as {addr}");
+                    trace!("resolved {} as {}", s, addr);
                     match addr {
                         SocketAddr::V4(addr) => {
                             addrs.push(addr);