diff --git a/crates/daqbuffer/Cargo.toml b/crates/daqbuffer/Cargo.toml
index 46148a7..87b4d1b 100644
--- a/crates/daqbuffer/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/daqbuffer/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 [package]
 name = "daqbuffer"
-version = "0.5.3-aa.3"
+version = "0.5.3-aa.4"
 authors = ["Dominik Werder <dominik.werder@gmail.com>"]
 edition = "2021"
 
 [dependencies]
 futures-util = "0.3.29"
-bytes = "1.5.0"
+bytes = "1.7.0"
 serde = "1.0"
 serde_derive = "1.0"
 serde_json = "1.0"
diff --git a/crates/items_2/src/binning/aggregator.rs b/crates/items_2/src/binning/aggregator.rs
index d29d5a6..c05e306 100644
--- a/crates/items_2/src/binning/aggregator.rs
+++ b/crates/items_2/src/binning/aggregator.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use super::container_events::EventValueType;
 use core::fmt;
+use netpod::log::*;
 use netpod::DtNano;
 use serde::Deserialize;
 use serde::Serialize;
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ where
     fn new() -> Self;
     fn ingest(&mut self, dt: DtNano, bl: DtNano, val: EVT);
     fn reset_for_new_bin(&mut self);
-    fn result_and_reset_for_new_bin(&mut self) -> EVT::AggTimeWeightOutputAvg;
+    fn result_and_reset_for_new_bin(&mut self, filled_width_fraction: f32) -> EVT::AggTimeWeightOutputAvg;
 }
 
 pub struct AggregatorNumeric {
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ where
 
     fn ingest(&mut self, dt: DtNano, bl: DtNano, val: EVT) {
         let f = dt.ns() as f64 / bl.ns() as f64;
-        eprintln!("INGEST  {}  {:?}", f, val);
+        trace!("INGEST  {}  {:?}", f, val);
         self.sum += f * val.as_f64();
     }
 
@@ -54,11 +55,11 @@ where
         self.sum = 0.;
     }
 
-    fn result_and_reset_for_new_bin(&mut self) -> EVT::AggTimeWeightOutputAvg {
-        // fn result_and_reset_for_new_bin(&mut self) -> f64 {
-        let ret = self.sum.clone();
+    fn result_and_reset_for_new_bin(&mut self, filled_width_fraction: f32) -> EVT::AggTimeWeightOutputAvg {
+        let sum = self.sum.clone();
+        trace!("result_and_reset_for_new_bin  sum {}  {}", sum, filled_width_fraction);
         self.sum = 0.;
-        ret
+        sum / filled_width_fraction as f64
     }
 }
 
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ impl AggregatorTimeWeight<f32> for AggregatorNumeric {
 
     fn ingest(&mut self, dt: DtNano, bl: DtNano, val: f32) {
         let f = dt.ns() as f64 / bl.ns() as f64;
-        eprintln!("INGEST  {}  {}", f, val);
+        trace!("INGEST  {}  {}", f, val);
         self.sum += f * val as f64;
     }
 
@@ -77,10 +78,11 @@ impl AggregatorTimeWeight<f32> for AggregatorNumeric {
         self.sum = 0.;
     }
 
-    fn result_and_reset_for_new_bin(&mut self) -> f64 {
-        let ret = self.sum.clone();
+    fn result_and_reset_for_new_bin(&mut self, filled_width_fraction: f32) -> f32 {
+        let sum = self.sum.clone() as f32;
+        trace!("result_and_reset_for_new_bin  sum {}  {}", sum, filled_width_fraction);
         self.sum = 0.;
-        ret
+        sum / filled_width_fraction
     }
 }
 
@@ -91,7 +93,7 @@ impl AggregatorTimeWeight<u64> for AggregatorNumeric {
 
     fn ingest(&mut self, dt: DtNano, bl: DtNano, val: u64) {
         let f = dt.ns() as f64 / bl.ns() as f64;
-        eprintln!("INGEST  {}  {}", f, val);
+        trace!("INGEST  {}  {}", f, val);
         self.sum += f * val as f64;
     }
 
@@ -99,10 +101,11 @@ impl AggregatorTimeWeight<u64> for AggregatorNumeric {
         self.sum = 0.;
     }
 
-    fn result_and_reset_for_new_bin(&mut self) -> f64 {
-        let ret = self.sum.clone();
+    fn result_and_reset_for_new_bin(&mut self, filled_width_fraction: f32) -> f64 {
+        let sum = self.sum.clone();
+        trace!("result_and_reset_for_new_bin  sum {}  {}", sum, filled_width_fraction);
         self.sum = 0.;
-        ret
+        sum / filled_width_fraction as f64
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/items_2/src/binning/container_bins.rs b/crates/items_2/src/binning/container_bins.rs
index 495e6f4..5e38238 100644
--- a/crates/items_2/src/binning/container_bins.rs
+++ b/crates/items_2/src/binning/container_bins.rs
@@ -40,6 +40,59 @@ pub struct BinSingle<EVT> {
     pub max: EVT,
     pub avg: f32,
     pub lst: EVT,
+    pub fnl: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct BinRef<'a, EVT>
+where
+    EVT: EventValueType,
+{
+    pub ts1: TsNano,
+    pub ts2: TsNano,
+    pub cnt: u64,
+    pub min: &'a EVT,
+    pub max: &'a EVT,
+    pub avg: &'a EVT::AggTimeWeightOutputAvg,
+    pub lst: &'a EVT,
+    pub fnl: bool,
+}
+
+pub struct IterDebug<'a, EVT>
+where
+    EVT: EventValueType,
+{
+    bins: &'a ContainerBins<EVT>,
+    ix: usize,
+    len: usize,
+}
+
+impl<'a, EVT> Iterator for IterDebug<'a, EVT>
+where
+    EVT: EventValueType,
+{
+    type Item = BinRef<'a, EVT>;
+
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+        if self.ix < self.bins.len() && self.ix < self.len {
+            let b = &self.bins;
+            let i = self.ix;
+            self.ix += 1;
+            let ret = BinRef {
+                ts1: b.ts1s[i],
+                ts2: b.ts2s[i],
+                cnt: b.cnts[i],
+                min: &b.mins[i],
+                max: &b.maxs[i],
+                avg: &b.avgs[i],
+                lst: &b.lsts[i],
+                fnl: b.fnls[i],
+            };
+            Some(ret)
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
@@ -54,6 +107,7 @@ where
     maxs: VecDeque<EVT>,
     avgs: VecDeque<EVT::AggTimeWeightOutputAvg>,
     lsts: VecDeque<EVT>,
+    fnls: VecDeque<bool>,
 }
 
 impl<EVT> ContainerBins<EVT>
@@ -73,6 +127,7 @@ where
             maxs: VecDeque::new(),
             avgs: VecDeque::new(),
             lsts: VecDeque::new(),
+            fnls: VecDeque::new(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -98,6 +153,10 @@ where
         self.ts2s.back().map(|&x| x)
     }
 
+    pub fn cnts_iter(&self) -> std::collections::vec_deque::Iter<u64> {
+        self.cnts.iter()
+    }
+
     pub fn len_before(&self, end: TsNano) -> usize {
         let pp = self.ts2s.partition_point(|&x| x <= end);
         assert!(pp <= self.len(), "len_before  pp {}  len {}", pp, self.len());
@@ -127,6 +186,7 @@ where
         max: EVT,
         avg: EVT::AggTimeWeightOutputAvg,
         lst: EVT,
+        fnl: bool,
     ) {
         self.ts1s.push_back(ts1);
         self.ts2s.push_back(ts2);
@@ -135,6 +195,15 @@ where
         self.maxs.push_back(max);
         self.avgs.push_back(avg);
         self.lsts.push_back(lst);
+        self.fnls.push_back(fnl);
+    }
+
+    pub fn iter_debug(&self) -> IterDebug<EVT> {
+        IterDebug {
+            bins: self,
+            ix: 0,
+            len: self.len(),
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -146,12 +215,13 @@ where
         let self_name = any::type_name::<Self>();
         write!(
             fmt,
-            "{self_name}  {{  len: {:?},  ts1s: {:?},  ts2s: {:?}, cnts: {:?},  avgs {:?}  }}",
+            "{self_name}  {{  len: {:?},  ts1s: {:?},  ts2s: {:?}, cnts: {:?},  avgs {:?},  fnls {:?}  }}",
             self.len(),
             VecPreview::new(&self.ts1s),
             VecPreview::new(&self.ts2s),
             VecPreview::new(&self.cnts),
             VecPreview::new(&self.avgs),
+            VecPreview::new(&self.fnls),
         )
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/items_2/src/binning/container_events.rs b/crates/items_2/src/binning/container_events.rs
index 6b1ab93..58fbadb 100644
--- a/crates/items_2/src/binning/container_events.rs
+++ b/crates/items_2/src/binning/container_events.rs
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ where
 impl EventValueType for f32 {
     type Container = VecDeque<Self>;
     type AggregatorTimeWeight = AggregatorNumeric;
-    type AggTimeWeightOutputAvg = f64;
+    type AggTimeWeightOutputAvg = f32;
 
     fn identity_sum() -> Self {
         0.
diff --git a/crates/items_2/src/binning/test/events00.rs b/crates/items_2/src/binning/test/events00.rs
index 578380f..9ce8f89 100644
--- a/crates/items_2/src/binning/test/events00.rs
+++ b/crates/items_2/src/binning/test/events00.rs
@@ -1,17 +1,158 @@
+use crate::binning::container_bins::ContainerBins;
 use crate::binning::container_events::ContainerEvents;
 use crate::binning::timeweight::timeweight_events::BinnedEventsTimeweight;
 use err::thiserror;
 use err::ThisError;
+use netpod::log::*;
 use netpod::range::evrange::NanoRange;
 use netpod::BinnedRange;
 use netpod::DtMs;
 use netpod::EnumVariant;
 use netpod::TsNano;
+use std::collections::VecDeque;
 
 #[derive(Debug, ThisError)]
 #[cstm(name = "Error")]
 enum Error {
     Timeweight(#[from] crate::binning::timeweight::timeweight_events::Error),
+    AssertMsg(String),
+}
+
+// fn prepare_data_with_cuts(beg_ms: u64, cuts: VecDeque<u64>) -> VecDeque<ContainerEvents<f32>> {
+//     let beg = TsNano::from_ms(beg_ms);
+//     let end = TsNano::from_ms(120);
+//     let mut cut_next = cuts.pop_front().unwrap_or(u64::MAX);
+//     let mut ret = VecDeque::new();
+//     let ivl = DtMs::from_ms_u64(x)
+// }
+
+fn pu(c: &mut ContainerEvents<f32>, ts_ms: u64, val: f32)
+// where
+// C: AsMut<ContainerEvents<f32>>,
+// C: std::borrow::BorrowMut<ContainerEvents<f32>>,
+{
+    c.push_back(TsNano::from_ms(ts_ms), val);
+}
+
+trait IntoVecDequeU64 {
+    fn into_vec_deque_u64(self) -> VecDeque<u64>;
+}
+
+impl IntoVecDequeU64 for &str {
+    fn into_vec_deque_u64(self) -> VecDeque<u64> {
+        self.split_ascii_whitespace().map(|x| x.parse().unwrap()).collect()
+    }
+}
+trait IntoVecDequeF32 {
+    fn into_vec_deque_f32(self) -> VecDeque<f32>;
+}
+
+impl IntoVecDequeF32 for &str {
+    fn into_vec_deque_f32(self) -> VecDeque<f32> {
+        self.split_ascii_whitespace().map(|x| x.parse().unwrap()).collect()
+    }
+}
+
+fn exp_u64<'a>(
+    vals: impl Iterator<Item = &'a u64>,
+    exps: impl Iterator<Item = &'a u64>,
+    tag: &str,
+) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let mut it_a = vals;
+    let mut it_b = exps;
+    loop {
+        let a = it_a.next();
+        let b = it_b.next();
+        if a.is_none() && b.is_none() {
+            break;
+        }
+        if let (Some(val), Some(exp)) = (a, b) {
+            if val != exp {
+                return Err(Error::AssertMsg(format!(
+                    "{tag} expect close value  {}  vs  {}",
+                    val, exp
+                )));
+            }
+        } else {
+            return Err(Error::AssertMsg(format!("{tag} len mismatch")));
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn exp_cnts(bins: &ContainerBins<f32>, exps: impl IntoVecDequeU64) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    exp_u64(bins.cnts_iter(), exps.into_vec_deque_u64().iter(), "exp_cnts")
+}
+
+fn exp_avgs(bins: &ContainerBins<f32>, exps: impl IntoVecDequeF32) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let exps = exps.into_vec_deque_f32();
+    let mut it_a = bins.iter_debug();
+    let mut it_b = exps.iter();
+    loop {
+        let a = it_a.next();
+        let b = it_b.next();
+        if a.is_none() && b.is_none() {
+            break;
+        }
+        if let (Some(a), Some(&exp)) = (a, b) {
+            let val = *a.avg as f32;
+            if netpod::f32_close(val, exp) == false {
+                return Err(Error::AssertMsg(format!("expect close value  {}  vs  {}", val, exp)));
+            }
+        } else {
+            return Err(Error::AssertMsg(format!(
+                "len mismatch  {}  vs  {}",
+                bins.len(),
+                exps.len()
+            )));
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_bin_events_f32_simple_with_before_00() -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let beg = TsNano::from_ms(110);
+    let end = TsNano::from_ms(120);
+    let nano_range = NanoRange {
+        beg: beg.ns(),
+        end: end.ns(),
+    };
+    let range = BinnedRange::from_nano_range(nano_range, DtMs::from_ms_u64(10));
+    let mut binner = BinnedEventsTimeweight::new(range);
+    let mut evs = ContainerEvents::<f32>::new();
+    evs.push_back(TsNano::from_ms(103), 2.0);
+    binner.ingest(evs)?;
+    binner.input_done_range_final()?;
+    let bins = binner.output();
+    assert_eq!(bins.len(), 1);
+    let bins = binner.output();
+    assert_eq!(bins.len(), 0);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_bin_events_f32_simple_with_before_01() -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let beg = TsNano::from_ms(110);
+    let end = TsNano::from_ms(130);
+    let nano_range = NanoRange {
+        beg: beg.ns(),
+        end: end.ns(),
+    };
+    let range = BinnedRange::from_nano_range(nano_range, DtMs::from_ms_u64(10));
+    let mut binner = BinnedEventsTimeweight::new(range);
+    let mut evs = ContainerEvents::<f32>::new();
+    let em = &mut evs;
+    pu(em, 103, 2.0);
+    binner.ingest(evs)?;
+    binner.input_done_range_final()?;
+    let bins = binner.output();
+    assert_eq!(bins.len(), 2);
+    exp_cnts(&bins, "0  0")?;
+    exp_avgs(&bins, "2.00 2.00")?;
+    let bins = binner.output();
+    assert_eq!(bins.len(), 0);
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -25,8 +166,27 @@ fn test_bin_events_f32_simple_00() -> Result<(), Error> {
     let range = BinnedRange::from_nano_range(nano_range, DtMs::from_ms_u64(10));
     let mut binner = BinnedEventsTimeweight::new(range);
     let mut evs = ContainerEvents::<f32>::new();
-    evs.push_back(TsNano::from_ms(103), 2.0);
+    let em = &mut evs;
+    pu(em, 100, 2.0);
+    pu(em, 104, 2.4);
     binner.ingest(evs)?;
+    let mut evs = ContainerEvents::<f32>::new();
+    let em = &mut evs;
+    pu(em, 111, 1.0);
+    pu(em, 112, 1.2);
+    pu(em, 113, 1.4);
+    binner.ingest(evs)?;
+    binner.input_done_range_open()?;
+    let bins = binner.output();
+    trace!("{bins:?}");
+    for b in bins.iter_debug() {
+        trace!("{b:?}");
+    }
+    assert_eq!(bins.len(), 2);
+    exp_cnts(&bins, "2  3")?;
+    exp_avgs(&bins, "2.24  1.5333")?;
+    let bins = binner.output();
+    assert_eq!(bins.len(), 0);
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -41,14 +201,62 @@ fn test_bin_events_f32_simple_01() -> Result<(), Error> {
     let range = BinnedRange::from_nano_range(nano_range, DtMs::from_ms_u64(10));
     let mut binner = BinnedEventsTimeweight::new(range);
     let mut evs = ContainerEvents::<f32>::new();
-    evs.push_back(TsNano::from_ms(103), 2.0);
-    evs.push_back(TsNano::from_ms(104), 2.4);
+    let em = &mut evs;
+    pu(em, 102, 2.0);
+    pu(em, 104, 2.4);
     binner.ingest(evs)?;
     let mut evs = ContainerEvents::<f32>::new();
-    evs.push_back(TsNano::from_ms(111), 1.0);
-    evs.push_back(TsNano::from_ms(112), 1.2);
-    evs.push_back(TsNano::from_ms(113), 1.4);
+    let em = &mut evs;
+    pu(em, 111, 1.0);
+    pu(em, 112, 1.2);
+    pu(em, 113, 1.4);
     binner.ingest(evs)?;
+    binner.input_done_range_open()?;
+    let bins = binner.output();
+    trace!("{bins:?}");
+    for b in bins.iter_debug() {
+        trace!("{b:?}");
+    }
+    assert_eq!(bins.len(), 2);
+    exp_cnts(&bins, "2  3")?;
+    exp_avgs(&bins, "2.30  1.5333")?;
+    let bins = binner.output();
+    assert_eq!(bins.len(), 0);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_bin_events_f32_small_range_final() -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let beg = TsNano::from_ms(100);
+    let end = TsNano::from_ms(120);
+    let nano_range = NanoRange {
+        beg: beg.ns(),
+        end: end.ns(),
+    };
+    let range = BinnedRange::from_nano_range(nano_range, DtMs::from_ms_u64(10));
+    let mut binner = BinnedEventsTimeweight::new(range);
+    let mut evs = ContainerEvents::<f32>::new();
+    let em = &mut evs;
+    pu(em, 102, 2.0);
+    pu(em, 104, 2.4);
+    binner.ingest(evs)?;
+    let mut evs = ContainerEvents::<f32>::new();
+    let em = &mut evs;
+    pu(em, 111, 1.0);
+    pu(em, 112, 1.2);
+    pu(em, 113, 1.4);
+    binner.ingest(evs)?;
+    binner.input_done_range_final()?;
+    let bins = binner.output();
+    trace!("{bins:?}");
+    for b in bins.iter_debug() {
+        trace!("{b:?}");
+    }
+    assert_eq!(bins.len(), 2);
+    exp_cnts(&bins, "2  3")?;
+    exp_avgs(&bins, "2.30  1.44")?;
+    let bins = binner.output();
+    assert_eq!(bins.len(), 0);
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -66,8 +274,8 @@ fn test_bin_events_enum_simple_range_final() -> Result<(), Error> {
     evs.push_back(TsNano::from_ms(103), EnumVariant::new(1, "one"));
     evs.push_back(TsNano::from_ms(104), EnumVariant::new(2, "two"));
     binner.ingest(evs)?;
-    binner.range_final()?;
+    binner.input_done_range_final()?;
     let bins = binner.output();
-    eprintln!("{:?}", bins);
+    trace!("{:?}", bins);
     Ok(())
 }
diff --git a/crates/items_2/src/binning/timeweight/timeweight_events.rs b/crates/items_2/src/binning/timeweight/timeweight_events.rs
index 9dcd7df..a24a217 100644
--- a/crates/items_2/src/binning/timeweight/timeweight_events.rs
+++ b/crates/items_2/src/binning/timeweight/timeweight_events.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ use std::task::Context;
 use std::task::Poll;
 
 #[allow(unused)]
-macro_rules! trace_ { ($($arg:tt)*) => ( if true { eprintln!($($arg)*); }) }
+macro_rules! trace_ { ($($arg:tt)*) => ( if true { trace!($($arg)*); }) }
 
 #[allow(unused)]
 macro_rules! trace_init { ($($arg:tt)*) => ( if true { trace_!($($arg)*); }) }
@@ -48,6 +48,11 @@ macro_rules! trace_ingest_finish_bin { ($($arg:tt)*) => ( if true { trace_!($($a
 #[allow(unused)]
 macro_rules! trace_ingest_container { ($($arg:tt)*) => ( if true { trace_!($($arg)*); }) }
 
+#[cold]
+#[inline]
+#[allow(unused)]
+fn cold() {}
+
 const DEBUG_CHECKS: bool = true;
 
 #[derive(Debug, ThisError)]
@@ -67,6 +72,7 @@ pub enum Error {
 
 type MinMax<EVT> = (EventSingle<EVT>, EventSingle<EVT>);
 
+#[derive(Clone)]
 struct LstRef<'a, EVT>(&'a EventSingle<EVT>);
 
 struct LstMut<'a, EVT>(&'a mut EventSingle<EVT>);
@@ -80,6 +86,7 @@ where
     active_end: TsNano,
     active_len: DtNano,
     filled_until: TsNano,
+    filled_width: DtNano,
     agg: <EVT as EventValueType>::AggregatorTimeWeight,
 }
 
@@ -99,11 +106,13 @@ where
             }
         }
         let dt = ev.ts.delta(self.filled_until);
+        trace_ingest_event!("ingest_event_with_lst_gt_range_beg_agg  dt {:?}  ev {:?}", dt, ev);
         // TODO can the caller already take the value and replace it afterwards with the current value?
         // This fn could swap the value in lst and directly use it.
         // This would require that any call path does not mess with lst.
         // NOTE that this fn is also used during bin-cycle.
         self.agg.ingest(dt, self.active_len, lst.0.val.clone());
+        self.filled_width = self.filled_width.add(dt);
         self.filled_until = ev.ts;
     }
 
@@ -150,7 +159,7 @@ where
     ) -> Result<(), Error> {
         trace_ingest_event!("ingest_with_lst_gt_range_beg");
         while let Some(ev) = evs.pop_front() {
-            trace_event_next!("ingest_with_lst_ge_range_beg  {:?}", ev);
+            trace_event_next!("EVENT POP FRONT  {:?}  {:30}", ev, "ingest_with_lst_gt_range_beg");
             if ev.ts <= self.active_beg {
                 panic!("should never get here");
             }
@@ -171,7 +180,7 @@ where
     ) -> Result<(), Error> {
         trace_ingest_event!("ingest_with_lst_ge_range_beg");
         while let Some(ev) = evs.pop_front() {
-            trace_event_next!("ingest_with_lst_ge_range_beg  {:?}", ev);
+            trace_event_next!("EVENT POP FRONT  {:?}  {:30}", ev, "ingest_with_lst_ge_range_beg");
             if ev.ts < self.active_beg {
                 panic!("should never get here");
             }
@@ -200,6 +209,8 @@ where
         trace_ingest_event!("ingest_with_lst_minmax");
         // TODO how to handle the min max? I don't take event data yet out of the container.
         if let Some(ts0) = evs.ts_first() {
+            trace_ingest_event!("EVENT POP FRONT  ingest_with_lst_minmax");
+            trace_ingest_event!("EVENT TIMESTAMP FRONT  {:?}  ingest_with_lst_minmax", ts0);
             if ts0 < self.active_beg {
                 panic!("should never get here");
             } else {
@@ -212,21 +223,17 @@ where
 
     // PRECONDITION: filled_until < ts <= active_end
     fn fill_until(&mut self, ts: TsNano, lst: LstRef<EVT>) {
-        trace_cycle!("fill_until  ts {:?}", ts);
         let b = self;
         assert!(b.filled_until < ts);
         assert!(ts <= b.active_end);
-        b.agg.ingest(ts.delta(b.filled_until), b.active_len, lst.0.val.clone());
+        let dt = ts.delta(b.filled_until);
+        trace_cycle!("fill_until  ts {:?}  dt {:?}  lst {:?}", ts, dt, lst.0);
+        assert!(b.filled_until < ts);
+        assert!(ts <= b.active_end);
+        b.agg.ingest(dt, b.active_len, lst.0.val.clone());
+        b.filled_width = b.filled_width.add(dt);
         b.filled_until = ts;
     }
-
-    fn fill_remaining_if_space_left(&mut self, lst: LstRef<EVT>) {
-        trace_cycle!("fill_remaining_if_space_left");
-        let b = self;
-        if b.filled_until < b.active_end {
-            b.fill_until(b.active_end, lst);
-        }
-    }
 }
 
 struct InnerA<EVT>
@@ -270,7 +277,7 @@ where
             self.inner_b.ingest_with_lst_minmax(evs, lst, minmax)
         } else {
             if let Some(ev) = evs.pop_front() {
-                trace_event_next!("ingest_with_lst  {:?}", ev);
+                trace_event_next!("EVENT POP FRONT  {:?}  {:30}", ev, "ingest_with_lst");
                 let beg = self.inner_b.active_beg;
                 let end = self.inner_b.active_end;
                 if ev.ts < beg {
@@ -301,6 +308,53 @@ where
             }
         }
     }
+
+    fn reset_01(&mut self, lst: LstRef<EVT>) {
+        let selfname = "reset_01";
+        let b = &mut self.inner_b;
+        trace_cycle!(
+            "{selfname}  active_end {:?}  filled_until {:?}",
+            b.active_end,
+            b.filled_until
+        );
+        let div = b.active_len.ns();
+        let old_end = b.active_end;
+        let ts1 = TsNano::from_ns(b.active_end.ns() / div * div);
+        assert!(ts1 == old_end);
+        b.active_beg = ts1;
+        b.active_end = ts1.add_dt_nano(b.active_len);
+        b.filled_until = ts1;
+        b.filled_width = DtNano::from_ns(0);
+        b.cnt = 0;
+        self.minmax = Some((lst.0.clone(), lst.0.clone()));
+    }
+
+    fn push_out_and_reset(&mut self, lst: LstRef<EVT>, range_final: bool, out: &mut ContainerBins<EVT>) {
+        let selfname = "push_out_and_reset";
+        // TODO there is not always good enough input to produce a meaningful bin.
+        // TODO can we always reset, and what exactly does reset mean here?
+        // TODO what logic can I save here? To output a bin I need to have min, max, lst.
+        let b = &mut self.inner_b;
+        let minmax = self.minmax.get_or_insert_with(|| {
+            trace_cycle!("{selfname}  minmax not yet set");
+            (lst.0.clone(), lst.0.clone())
+        });
+        {
+            let filled_width_fraction = b.filled_width.fraction_of(b.active_len);
+            let res = b.agg.result_and_reset_for_new_bin(filled_width_fraction);
+            out.push_back(
+                b.active_beg,
+                b.active_end,
+                b.cnt,
+                minmax.0.val.clone(),
+                minmax.1.val.clone(),
+                res,
+                lst.0.val.clone(),
+                range_final,
+            );
+        }
+        self.reset_01(lst);
+    }
 }
 
 pub struct BinnedEventsTimeweight<EVT>
@@ -330,6 +384,7 @@ where
                     active_end,
                     active_len,
                     filled_until: active_beg,
+                    filled_width: DtNano::from_ns(0),
                     agg: <<EVT as EventValueType>::AggregatorTimeWeight as AggregatorTimeWeight<EVT>>::new(),
                 },
                 minmax: None,
@@ -349,6 +404,7 @@ where
                 trace_ingest_minmax!("ingest_event_without_lst");
                 self.inner_a.init_minmax(&ev);
                 self.inner_a.inner_b.cnt += 1;
+                self.inner_a.inner_b.filled_until = ev.ts;
             }
             Ok(())
         }
@@ -356,7 +412,7 @@ where
 
     fn ingest_without_lst(&mut self, mut evs: ContainerEventsTakeUpTo<EVT>) -> Result<(), Error> {
         if let Some(ev) = evs.pop_front() {
-            trace_event_next!("ingest_without_lst  {:?}", ev);
+            trace_event_next!("EVENT POP FRONT  {:?}  {:30}", ev, "ingest_without_lst");
             if ev.ts >= self.inner_a.inner_b.active_end {
                 panic!("should never get here");
             } else {
@@ -390,52 +446,38 @@ where
         let b = &self.inner_a.inner_b;
         trace_cycle!("cycle_01  {:?}  {:?}", ts, b.active_end);
         assert!(b.active_beg < ts);
-        let div = self.range.bin_len.ns();
+        assert!(b.active_beg <= b.filled_until);
+        assert!(b.filled_until < ts);
+        assert!(b.filled_until <= b.active_end);
+        let div = b.active_len.ns();
         if let Some(lst) = self.lst.as_ref() {
+            let lst = LstRef(lst);
+            let mut i = 0;
             loop {
+                i += 1;
+                assert!(i < 100000, "too many iterations");
                 let b = &self.inner_a.inner_b;
-                if b.filled_until >= ts {
-                    break;
-                }
-                if ts >= b.active_end {
-                    self.inner_a.inner_b.fill_remaining_if_space_left(LstRef(lst));
-                    let b = &mut self.inner_a.inner_b;
-                    let minmax = self.inner_a.minmax.get_or_insert_with(|| {
-                        trace_cycle!("cycle_01  minmax not yet set");
-                        (lst.clone(), lst.clone())
-                    });
-                    {
-                        // TODO push bin to output.
-                        let res = b.agg.result_and_reset_for_new_bin();
-                        self.out.push_back(
-                            b.active_beg,
-                            b.active_end,
-                            b.cnt,
-                            minmax.0.val.clone(),
-                            minmax.1.val.clone(),
-                            res,
-                            lst.val.clone(),
-                        );
+                if ts > b.filled_until {
+                    if ts >= b.active_end {
+                        if b.filled_until < b.active_end {
+                            self.inner_a.inner_b.fill_until(b.active_end, lst.clone());
+                        }
+                        self.inner_a.push_out_and_reset(lst.clone(), true, &mut self.out);
+                    } else {
+                        self.inner_a.inner_b.fill_until(ts, lst.clone());
                     }
-                    trace_cycle!("cycle_01  filled up to {:?}  emit and reset", b.active_end);
-                    let old_end = b.active_end;
-                    let ts1 = TsNano::from_ns(b.active_end.ns() / div * div);
-                    assert!(ts1 == old_end);
-                    b.active_beg = ts1;
-                    b.active_end = ts1.add_dt_nano(b.active_len);
-                    b.filled_until = ts1;
-                    b.cnt = 0;
-                    self.inner_a.minmax = Some((lst.clone(), lst.clone()));
                 } else {
-                    self.inner_a.inner_b.fill_until(ts, LstRef(lst));
+                    break;
                 }
             }
         } else {
+            // TODO merge with the other reset
             let ts1 = TsNano::from_ns(ts.ns() / div * div);
             let b = &mut self.inner_a.inner_b;
             b.active_beg = ts1;
             b.active_end = ts1.add_dt_nano(b.active_len);
             b.filled_until = ts1;
+            b.filled_width = DtNano::from_ns(0);
             b.cnt = 0;
             b.agg.reset_for_new_bin();
             assert!(self.inner_a.minmax.is_none());
@@ -443,6 +485,17 @@ where
         }
     }
 
+    fn cycle_02(&mut self) {
+        let b = &self.inner_a.inner_b;
+        trace_cycle!("cycle_02  {:?}", b.active_end);
+        if let Some(lst) = self.lst.as_ref() {
+            let lst = LstRef(lst);
+            self.inner_a.push_out_and_reset(lst, false, &mut self.out);
+        } else {
+            // there is nothing we can produce
+        }
+    }
+
     pub fn ingest(&mut self, mut evs_all: ContainerEvents<EVT>) -> Result<(), Error> {
         // It is this type's task to find and store the one-before event.
         // We then pass it to the aggregation.
@@ -457,16 +510,15 @@ where
         evs_all.verify()?;
 
         loop {
-            // How to handle transition to the next bin?
-            // How to handle to not emit bins until at least some partially filled bin is encountered?
             break if let Some(ts) = evs_all.ts_first() {
+                trace_ingest_event!("EVENT TIMESTAMP FRONT  {:?}  ingest", ts);
                 let b = &mut self.inner_a.inner_b;
                 if ts >= self.range.nano_end() {
                     return Err(Error::EventAfterRange);
                 }
                 if ts >= b.active_end {
                     trace_cycle!("bin edge boundary {:?}", b.active_end);
-                    assert!(b.filled_until < b.active_beg);
+                    assert!(b.filled_until < b.active_end, "{} < {}", b.filled_until, b.active_end);
                     self.cycle_01(ts);
                 }
                 let n1 = evs_all.len();
@@ -496,12 +548,18 @@ where
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    pub fn range_final(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        trace_cycle!("range_final");
+    pub fn input_done_range_final(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        trace_cycle!("input_done_range_final");
         self.cycle_01(self.range.nano_end());
         Ok(())
     }
 
+    pub fn input_done_range_open(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        trace_cycle!("input_done_range_open");
+        self.cycle_02();
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     pub fn output(&mut self) -> ContainerBins<EVT> {
         ::core::mem::replace(&mut self.out, ContainerBins::new())
     }
diff --git a/crates/items_2/src/binning/valuetype.rs b/crates/items_2/src/binning/valuetype.rs
index f6f25cb..de626a1 100644
--- a/crates/items_2/src/binning/valuetype.rs
+++ b/crates/items_2/src/binning/valuetype.rs
@@ -68,10 +68,13 @@ impl AggregatorTimeWeight<EnumVariant> for EnumVariantAggregatorTimeWeight {
         self.sum = f32::identity_sum();
     }
 
-    fn result_and_reset_for_new_bin(&mut self) -> <EnumVariant as EventValueType>::AggTimeWeightOutputAvg {
+    fn result_and_reset_for_new_bin(
+        &mut self,
+        filled_width_fraction: f32,
+    ) -> <EnumVariant as EventValueType>::AggTimeWeightOutputAvg {
         let ret = self.sum.clone();
         self.sum = f32::identity_sum();
-        ret
+        ret / filled_width_fraction
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/netpod/src/netpod.rs b/crates/netpod/src/netpod.rs
index 3dd123f..6df1394 100644
--- a/crates/netpod/src/netpod.rs
+++ b/crates/netpod/src/netpod.rs
@@ -50,12 +50,12 @@ pub mod log_macros {
     }
 }
 
-pub mod log {
+pub mod log2 {
     pub use tracing::{self, event, span, Level};
     pub use tracing::{debug, error, info, trace, warn};
 }
 
-pub mod log2 {
+pub mod log {
     pub use crate::{debug, error, info, trace, warn};
     pub use tracing::{self, event, span, Level};
 }
@@ -1698,6 +1698,14 @@ impl DtNano {
     pub fn to_i64(&self) -> i64 {
         self.0 as i64
     }
+
+    pub fn add(self, rhs: Self) -> Self {
+        Self(self.0 + rhs.0)
+    }
+
+    pub fn fraction_of(self, rhs: Self) -> f32 {
+        self.0 as f32 / rhs.0 as f32
+    }
 }
 
 impl fmt::Display for DtNano {