812 lines
29 KiB
Python

import functools
import threading
import time
from typing import List
import numpy as np
from bec_utils import BECMessage, MessageEndpoints, bec_logger
from ophyd import Component as Cpt
from ophyd import Device, PositionerBase, Signal
from ophyd.status import wait as status_wait
from ophyd.utils import LimitError, ReadOnlyError
from ophyd_devices.utils.controller import Controller, threadlocked
from ophyd_devices.utils.socket import SocketIO, SocketSignal, raise_if_disconnected
from prettytable import PrettyTable
logger = bec_logger.logger
class RtLamniCommunicationError(Exception):
pass
class RtLamniError(Exception):
pass
class BECConfigError(Exception):
pass
def retry_once(fcn):
"""Decorator to rerun a function in case a CommunicationError was raised. This may happen if the buffer was not empty."""
@functools.wraps(fcn)
def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
try:
val = fcn(self, *args, **kwargs)
except (RtLamniCommunicationError, RtLamniError):
val = fcn(self, *args, **kwargs)
return val
return wrapper
class RtLamniController(Controller):
USER_ACCESS = [
"socket_put_and_receive",
"set_rotation_angle",
"feedback_disable",
"feedback_enable_without_reset",
"feedback_disable_and_even_reset_lamni_angle_interferometer",
"feedback_enable_with_reset",
"add_pos_to_scan",
"clear_trajectory_generator",
"_set_axis_velocity",
"_set_axis_velocity_maximum_speed",
"_position_sampling_single_read",
"_position_sampling_single_reset_and_start_sampling",
]
def __init__(
self,
*,
name="RtLamniController",
kind=None,
parent=None,
socket=None,
attr_name="",
labels=None,
):
if not hasattr(self, "_initialized") or not self._initialized:
self._rtlamni_axis_per_controller = 3
self._axis = [None for axis_num in range(self._rtlamni_axis_per_controller)]
self._min_scan_buffer_reached = False
super().__init__(
name=name,
socket=socket,
attr_name=attr_name,
parent=parent,
labels=labels,
kind=kind,
)
self.readout_metadata = {}
def on(self, controller_num=0) -> None:
"""Open a new socket connection to the controller"""
if not self.connected:
try:
self.sock.open()
# discuss - after disconnect takes a while for the server to be ready again
welcome_message = self.sock.receive()
self.connected = True
except ConnectionRefusedError as conn_error:
logger.error("Failed to open a connection to RTLamNI.")
raise RtLamniCommunicationError from conn_error
else:
logger.info("The connection has already been established.")
# warnings.warn(f"The connection has already been established.", stacklevel=2)
def off(self) -> None:
"""Close the socket connection to the controller"""
if self.connected:
self.sock.close()
self.connected = False
else:
logger.info("The connection is already closed.")
def set_axis(self, axis: Device, axis_nr: int) -> None:
"""Assign an axis to a device instance.
Args:
axis (Device): Device instance (e.g. GalilMotor)
axis_nr (int): Controller axis number
"""
self._axis[axis_nr] = axis
@threadlocked
def socket_put(self, val: str) -> None:
self.sock.put(f"{val}\n".encode())
@threadlocked
def socket_get(self) -> str:
return self.sock.receive().decode()
@retry_once
@threadlocked
def socket_put_and_receive(self, val: str, remove_trailing_chars=True) -> str:
self.socket_put(val)
if remove_trailing_chars:
return self._remove_trailing_characters(self.sock.receive().decode())
return self.socket_get()
def is_axis_moving(self, axis_Id) -> bool:
# this checks that axis is on target
axis_is_on_target = bool(float(self.socket_put_and_receive(f"o")))
return not axis_is_on_target
# def is_thread_active(self, thread_id: int) -> bool:
# val = float(self.socket_put_and_receive(f"MG_XQ{thread_id}"))
# if val == -1:
# return False
# return True
def _remove_trailing_characters(self, var) -> str:
if len(var) > 1:
return var.split("\r\n")[0]
return var
@threadlocked
def set_rotation_angle(self, val: float):
self.socket_put(f"a{(val-300+30.538)/180*np.pi}")
@threadlocked
def stop_all_axes(self):
self.socket_put("sc")
@threadlocked
def feedback_disable(self):
self.socket_put("J0")
logger.info("LamNI Feedback disabled.")
self.get_device_manager().devices.lsamx.enabled = True
self.get_device_manager().devices.lsamy.enabled = True
self.get_device_manager().devices.loptx.enabled = True
self.get_device_manager().devices.lopty.enabled = True
self.get_device_manager().devices.loptz.enabled = True
@threadlocked
def _set_axis_velocity(self, um_per_s):
self.socket_put(f"V{um_per_s}")
@threadlocked
def _set_axis_velocity_maximum_speed(self):
self.socket_put(f"V0")
# for developement of soft continuous scanning
@threadlocked
def _position_sampling_single_reset_and_start_sampling(self):
self.socket_put(f"Ss")
@threadlocked
def _position_sampling_single_read(self):
(number_of_samples, sum0, sum0_2, sum1, sum1_2, sum2, sum2_2) = self.socket_put_and_receive(
f"Sr"
).split(",")
avg_x = float(sum1) / int(number_of_samples)
avg_y = float(sum0) / int(number_of_samples)
stdev_x = np.sqrt(
float(sum1_2) / int(number_of_samples)
- np.power(float(sum1) / int(number_of_samples), 2)
)
stdev_y = np.sqrt(
float(sum0_2) / int(number_of_samples)
- np.power(float(sum0) / int(number_of_samples), 2)
)
return (avg_x, avg_y, stdev_x, stdev_y)
@threadlocked
def feedback_enable_without_reset(self):
# read current interferometer position
return_table = (self.socket_put_and_receive(f"J4")).split(",")
x_curr = float(return_table[2])
y_curr = float(return_table[1])
# set these as closed loop target position
self.socket_put(f"pa0,{x_curr:.4f}")
self.socket_put(f"pa1,{y_curr:.4f}")
self.get_device_manager().devices.rtx.setpoint.set_with_feedback_disabled(x_curr)
self.get_device_manager().devices.rty.setpoint.set_with_feedback_disabled(y_curr)
self.socket_put("J5")
logger.info("LamNI Feedback enabled (without reset).")
self.get_device_manager().devices.lsamx.enabled = False
self.get_device_manager().devices.lsamy.enabled = False
self.get_device_manager().devices.loptx.enabled = False
self.get_device_manager().devices.lopty.enabled = False
self.get_device_manager().devices.loptz.enabled = False
@threadlocked
def feedback_disable_and_even_reset_lamni_angle_interferometer(self):
self.socket_put("J6")
logger.info("LamNI Feedback disabled including the angular interferometer.")
self.get_device_manager().devices.lsamx.enabled = True
self.get_device_manager().devices.lsamy.enabled = True
self.get_device_manager().devices.loptx.enabled = True
self.get_device_manager().devices.lopty.enabled = True
self.get_device_manager().devices.loptz.enabled = True
def get_device_manager(self):
for axis in self._axis:
if hasattr(axis, "device_manager") and axis.device_manager:
return axis.device_manager
raise BECConfigError("Could not access the device_manager")
def get_axis_by_name(self, name):
for axis in self._axis:
if axis:
if axis.name == name:
return axis
raise RuntimeError(f"Could not find an axis with name {name}")
@threadlocked
def clear_trajectory_generator(self):
self.socket_put("sc")
logger.info("LamNI scan stopped and deleted, moving to start position")
def add_pos_to_scan(self, positions) -> None:
def send_positions(parent, positions):
parent._min_scan_buffer_reached = False
for pos_index, pos in enumerate(positions):
parent.socket_put_and_receive(f"s{pos[0]},{pos[1]},0")
if pos_index > 100:
parent._min_scan_buffer_reached = True
parent._min_scan_buffer_reached = True
threading.Thread(target=send_positions, args=(self, positions), daemon=True).start()
@retry_once
@threadlocked
def get_scan_status(self):
return_table = (self.socket_put_and_receive(f"sr")).split(",")
if len(return_table) != 3:
raise RtLamniCommunicationError(
f"Expected to receive 3 return values. Instead received {return_table}"
)
mode = int(return_table[0])
# mode 0: direct positioning
# mode 1: running internal timer (not tested/used anymore)
# mode 2: rt point scan running
# mode 3: rt point scan starting
# mode 5/6: rt continuous scanning (not available in LamNI)
number_of_positions_planned = int(return_table[1])
current_position_in_scan = int(return_table[2])
return (mode, number_of_positions_planned, current_position_in_scan)
@threadlocked
def start_scan(self):
interferometer_feedback_not_running = int((self.socket_put_and_receive("J2")).split(",")[0])
if interferometer_feedback_not_running == 1:
logger.error(
"Cannot start scan because feedback loop is not running or there is an interferometer error."
)
raise RtLamniError(
"Cannot start scan because feedback loop is not running or there is an interferometer error."
)
# here exception
(mode, number_of_positions_planned, current_position_in_scan) = self.get_scan_status()
if number_of_positions_planned == 0:
logger.error("Cannot start scan because no target positions are planned.")
raise RtLamniError("Cannot start scan because no target positions are planned.")
# hier exception
# start a point-by-point scan (for cont scan in flomni it would be "sa")
self.socket_put_and_receive("sd")
def start_readout(self):
readout = threading.Thread(target=self.read_positions_from_sampler)
readout.start()
def kickoff(self, metadata):
self.readout_metadata = metadata
while not self._min_scan_buffer_reached:
time.sleep(0.001)
self.start_scan()
time.sleep(0.1)
self.start_readout()
def _get_signals_from_table(self, return_table) -> dict:
self.average_stdeviations_x_st_fzp += float(return_table[5])
self.average_stdeviations_y_st_fzp += float(return_table[8])
self.average_lamni_angle += float(return_table[19])
signals = {
"target_x": {"value": float(return_table[3])},
"average_x_st_fzp": {"value": float(return_table[4])},
"stdev_x_st_fzp": {"value": float(return_table[5])},
"target_y": {"value": float(return_table[6])},
"average_y_st_fzp": {"value": float(return_table[7])},
"stdev_y_st_fzp": {"value": float(return_table[8])},
"average_cap1": {"value": float(return_table[9])},
"stdev_cap1": {"value": float(return_table[10])},
"average_cap2": {"value": float(return_table[11])},
"stdev_cap2": {"value": float(return_table[12])},
"average_cap3": {"value": float(return_table[13])},
"stdev_cap3": {"value": float(return_table[14])},
"average_cap4": {"value": float(return_table[15])},
"stdev_cap4": {"value": float(return_table[16])},
"average_cap5": {"value": float(return_table[17])},
"stdev_cap5": {"value": float(return_table[18])},
"average_angle_interf_ST": {"value": float(return_table[19])},
"stdev_angle_interf_ST": {"value": float(return_table[20])},
"average_stdeviations_x_st_fzp": {
"value": self.average_stdeviations_x_st_fzp / (int(return_table[0]) + 1)
},
"average_stdeviations_y_st_fzp": {
"value": self.average_stdeviations_y_st_fzp / (int(return_table[0]) + 1)
},
"average_lamni_angle": {"value": self.average_lamni_angle / (int(return_table[0]) + 1)},
}
return signals
def read_positions_from_sampler(self):
# this was for reading after the scan completed
number_of_samples_to_read = 1 # self.get_scan_status()[1] #number of valid samples, will be updated upon first data read
read_counter = 0
previous_point_in_scan = 0
self.average_stdeviations_x_st_fzp = 0
self.average_stdeviations_y_st_fzp = 0
self.average_lamni_angle = 0
mode, number_of_positions_planned, current_position_in_scan = self.get_scan_status()
# if not (mode==2 or mode==3):
# error
self.get_device_manager().producer.set_and_publish(
MessageEndpoints.device_status("rt_scan"),
BECMessage.DeviceStatusMessage(
device="rt_scan", status=1, metadata=self.readout_metadata
).dumps(),
)
# while scan is running
while mode > 0:
# logger.info(f"Current scan position {current_position_in_scan} out of {number_of_positions_planned}")
mode, number_of_positions_planned, current_position_in_scan = self.get_scan_status()
time.sleep(0.01)
if current_position_in_scan > 5:
while current_position_in_scan > read_counter + 1:
return_table = (self.socket_put_and_receive(f"r{read_counter}")).split(",")
# logger.info(f"{return_table}")
logger.info(f"Read {read_counter} out of {number_of_positions_planned}")
read_counter = read_counter + 1
signals = self._get_signals_from_table(return_table)
self.publish_device_data(signals=signals, pointID=int(return_table[0]))
time.sleep(0.05)
# read the last samples even though scan is finished already
while number_of_positions_planned > read_counter:
return_table = (self.socket_put_and_receive(f"r{read_counter}")).split(",")
logger.info(f"Read {read_counter} out of {number_of_positions_planned}")
# logger.info(f"{return_table}")
read_counter = read_counter + 1
signals = self._get_signals_from_table(return_table)
self.publish_device_data(signals=signals, pointID=int(return_table[0]))
self.get_device_manager().producer.set_and_publish(
MessageEndpoints.device_status("rt_scan"),
BECMessage.DeviceStatusMessage(
device="rt_scan", status=0, metadata=self.readout_metadata
).dumps(),
)
logger.info(
f"LamNI statistics: Average of all standard deviations: x {self.average_stdeviations_x_st_fzp/number_of_samples_to_read}, y {self.average_stdeviations_y_st_fzp/number_of_samples_to_read}, angle {self.average_lamni_angle/number_of_samples_to_read}."
)
def publish_device_data(self, signals, pointID):
self.get_device_manager().producer.send(
MessageEndpoints.device_read("rt_lamni"),
BECMessage.DeviceMessage(
signals=signals,
metadata={"pointID": pointID, **self.readout_metadata},
).dumps(),
)
def feedback_status_angle_lamni(self) -> bool:
return_table = (self.socket_put_and_receive(f"J7")).split(",")
logger.debug(
f"LamNI angle interferomter status {bool(return_table[0])}, position {float(return_table[1])}, signal {float(return_table[2])}"
)
return bool(return_table[0])
def feedback_enable_with_reset(self):
if not self.feedback_status_angle_lamni():
self.rt_feedback_disable_and_even_reset_lamni_angle_interferometer()
logger.info(f"LamNI resetting interferometer inclusive angular interferomter.")
else:
self.feedback_disable()
logger.info(
f"LamNI resetting interferomter except angular interferometer which is already running."
)
# set these as closed loop target position
self.socket_put(f"pa0,0")
self.get_axis_by_name("rtx").user_setpoint.setpoint = 0
self.socket_put(f"pa1,0")
self.get_axis_by_name("rty").user_setpoint.setpoint = 0
self.socket_put(
f"pa2,0"
) # we set all three outputs of the traj. gen. although in LamNI case only 0,1 are used
self.clear_trajectory_generator()
self.get_device_manager().devices.lsamrot.obj.move(0, wait=True)
galil_controller_rt_status = (
self.get_device_manager().devices.lsamx.obj.controller.lgalil_is_air_off_and_orchestra_enabled()
)
if galil_controller_rt_status == 0:
logger.error(
"Cannot enable feedback. The small rotation air is on and/or orchestra disabled by the motor controller."
)
raise RtLamniError(
"Cannot enable feedback. The small rotation air is on and/or orchestra disabled by the motor controller."
)
time.sleep(0.03)
# needs to be changed to configurable center psoition
self.get_device_manager().devices.lsamx.obj.move(8.866, wait=True)
self.get_device_manager().devices.lsamy.obj.move(10.18, wait=True)
self.socket_put("J1")
_waitforfeedbackctr = 0
interferometer_feedback_not_running = int((self.socket_put_and_receive("J2")).split(",")[0])
while interferometer_feedback_not_running == 1 and _waitforfeedbackctr < 100:
time.sleep(0.01)
_waitforfeedbackctr = _waitforfeedbackctr + 1
interferometer_feedback_not_running = int(
(self.socket_put_and_receive("J2")).split(",")[0]
)
self.get_device_manager().devices.lsamx.enabled = False
self.get_device_manager().devices.lsamy.enabled = False
self.get_device_manager().devices.loptx.enabled = False
self.get_device_manager().devices.lopty.enabled = False
self.get_device_manager().devices.loptz.enabled = False
if interferometer_feedback_not_running == 1:
logger.error(
"Cannot start scan because feedback loop is not running or there is an interferometer error."
)
raise RtLamniError(
"Cannot start scan because feedback loop is not running or there is an interferometer error."
)
time.sleep(0.01)
# ptychography_alignment_done = 0
class RtLamniSignalBase(SocketSignal):
def __init__(self, signal_name, **kwargs):
self.signal_name = signal_name
super().__init__(**kwargs)
self.controller = self.parent.controller
self.sock = self.parent.controller.sock
class RtLamniSignalRO(RtLamniSignalBase):
def __init__(self, signal_name, **kwargs):
super().__init__(signal_name, **kwargs)
self._metadata["write_access"] = False
def _socket_set(self, val):
raise ReadOnlyError("Read-only signals cannot be set")
class RtLamniReadbackSignal(RtLamniSignalRO):
@retry_once
@threadlocked
def _socket_get(self) -> float:
"""Get command for the readback signal
Returns:
float: Readback value after adjusting for sign and motor resolution.
"""
return_table = (self.controller.socket_put_and_receive(f"J4")).split(",")
print(return_table)
if self.parent.axis_Id_numeric == 0:
readback_index = 2
elif self.parent.axis_Id_numeric == 1:
readback_index = 1
else:
raise RtLamniError("Currently, only two axes are supported.")
current_pos = float(return_table[readback_index])
current_pos *= self.parent.sign
return current_pos
class RtLamniSetpointSignal(RtLamniSignalBase):
setpoint = 0
def _socket_get(self) -> float:
"""Get command for receiving the setpoint / target value.
The value is not pulled from the controller but instead just the last setpoint used.
Returns:
float: setpoint / target value
"""
return self.setpoint
@retry_once
@threadlocked
def _socket_set(self, val: float) -> None:
"""Set a new target value / setpoint value. Before submission, the target value is adjusted for the axis' sign.
Furthermore, it is ensured that all axes are referenced before a new setpoint is submitted.
Args:
val (float): Target value / setpoint value
Raises:
RtLamniError: Raised if interferometer feedback is disabled.
"""
interferometer_feedback_not_running = int(
(self.controller.socket_put_and_receive("J2")).split(",")[0]
)
if interferometer_feedback_not_running != 0:
raise RtLamniError(
"The interferometer feedback is not running. Either it is turned off or and interferometer error occured."
)
self.set_with_feedback_disabled(val)
def set_with_feedback_disabled(self, val):
target_val = val * self.parent.sign
self.setpoint = target_val
self.controller.socket_put(f"pa{self.parent.axis_Id_numeric},{target_val:.4f}")
class RtLamniMotorIsMoving(RtLamniSignalRO):
def _socket_get(self):
return self.controller.is_axis_moving(self.parent.axis_Id_numeric)
def get(self):
val = super().get()
if val is not None:
self._run_subs(
sub_type=self.SUB_VALUE,
value=val,
timestamp=time.time(),
)
return val
class RtLamniFeedbackRunning(RtLamniSignalRO):
@threadlocked
def _socket_get(self):
if int((self.controller.socket_put_and_receive("J2")).split(",")[0]) == 0:
return 1
else:
return 0
class RtLamniMotor(Device, PositionerBase):
USER_ACCESS = ["controller"]
readback = Cpt(
RtLamniReadbackSignal,
signal_name="readback",
kind="hinted",
)
user_setpoint = Cpt(RtLamniSetpointSignal, signal_name="setpoint")
motor_is_moving = Cpt(RtLamniMotorIsMoving, signal_name="motor_is_moving", kind="normal")
high_limit_travel = Cpt(Signal, value=0, kind="omitted")
low_limit_travel = Cpt(Signal, value=0, kind="omitted")
SUB_READBACK = "readback"
SUB_CONNECTION_CHANGE = "connection_change"
_default_sub = SUB_READBACK
def __init__(
self,
axis_Id,
prefix="",
*,
name,
kind=None,
read_attrs=None,
configuration_attrs=None,
parent=None,
host="mpc2680.psi.ch",
port=3333,
sign=1,
socket_cls=SocketIO,
device_manager=None,
limits=None,
**kwargs,
):
self.axis_Id = axis_Id
self.sign = sign
self.controller = RtLamniController(socket=socket_cls(host=host, port=port))
self.controller.set_axis(axis=self, axis_nr=self.axis_Id_numeric)
self.device_manager = device_manager
self.tolerance = kwargs.pop("tolerance", 0.5)
super().__init__(
prefix,
name=name,
kind=kind,
read_attrs=read_attrs,
configuration_attrs=configuration_attrs,
parent=parent,
**kwargs,
)
self.readback.name = self.name
self.controller.subscribe(
self._update_connection_state, event_type=self.SUB_CONNECTION_CHANGE
)
self._update_connection_state()
# self.readback.subscribe(self._forward_readback, event_type=self.readback.SUB_VALUE)
if limits is not None:
assert len(limits) == 2
self.low_limit_travel.put(limits[0])
self.high_limit_travel.put(limits[1])
@property
def limits(self):
return (self.low_limit_travel.get(), self.high_limit_travel.get())
@property
def low_limit(self):
return self.limits[0]
@property
def high_limit(self):
return self.limits[1]
def check_value(self, pos):
"""Check that the position is within the soft limits"""
low_limit, high_limit = self.limits
if low_limit < high_limit and not (low_limit <= pos <= high_limit):
raise LimitError(f"position={pos} not within limits {self.limits}")
def _update_connection_state(self, **kwargs):
for walk in self.walk_signals():
walk.item._metadata["connected"] = self.controller.connected
def _forward_readback(self, **kwargs):
kwargs.pop("sub_type")
self._run_subs(sub_type="readback", **kwargs)
@raise_if_disconnected
def move(self, position, wait=True, **kwargs):
"""Move to a specified position, optionally waiting for motion to
complete.
Parameters
----------
position
Position to move to
moved_cb : callable
Call this callback when movement has finished. This callback must
accept one keyword argument: 'obj' which will be set to this
positioner instance.
timeout : float, optional
Maximum time to wait for the motion. If None, the default timeout
for this positioner is used.
Returns
-------
status : MoveStatus
Raises
------
TimeoutError
When motion takes longer than `timeout`
ValueError
On invalid positions
RuntimeError
If motion fails other than timing out
"""
self._started_moving = False
timeout = kwargs.pop("timeout", 100)
status = super().move(position, timeout=timeout, **kwargs)
self.user_setpoint.put(position, wait=False)
def move_and_finish():
while self.motor_is_moving.get():
print("motor is moving")
val = self.readback.read()
self._run_subs(
sub_type=self.SUB_READBACK,
value=val,
timestamp=time.time(),
)
time.sleep(0.01)
print("Move finished")
self._done_moving()
threading.Thread(target=move_and_finish, daemon=True).start()
try:
if wait:
status_wait(status)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
self.stop()
raise
return status
@property
def axis_Id(self):
return self._axis_Id_alpha
@axis_Id.setter
def axis_Id(self, val):
if isinstance(val, str):
if len(val) != 1:
raise ValueError(f"Only single-character axis_Ids are supported.")
self._axis_Id_alpha = val
self._axis_Id_numeric = ord(val.lower()) - 97
else:
raise TypeError(f"Expected value of type str but received {type(val)}")
@property
def axis_Id_numeric(self):
return self._axis_Id_numeric
@axis_Id_numeric.setter
def axis_Id_numeric(self, val):
if isinstance(val, int):
if val > 26:
raise ValueError(f"Numeric value exceeds supported range.")
self._axis_Id_alpha = val
self._axis_Id_numeric = (chr(val + 97)).capitalize()
else:
raise TypeError(f"Expected value of type int but received {type(val)}")
def kickoff(self, metadata, **kwargs) -> None:
self.controller.kickoff(metadata)
@property
def egu(self):
"""The engineering units (EGU) for positions"""
return "um"
# how is this used later?
def stage(self) -> List[object]:
return super().stage()
def unstage(self) -> List[object]:
return super().unstage()
def stop(self, *, success=False):
self.controller.stop_all_axes()
return super().stop(success=success)
if __name__ == "__main__":
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
mock = False
if not mock:
rty = RtLamniMotor("B", name="rty", host="mpc2680.psi.ch", port=3333, sign=1)
rty.stage()
status = rty.move(0, wait=True)
status = rty.move(10, wait=True)
rty.read()
rty.get()
rty.describe()
rty.unstage()
else:
from ophyd_devices.utils.socket import SocketMock
rtx = RtLamniMotor("A", name="rtx", host="mpc2680.psi.ch", port=3333, socket_cls=SocketMock)
rty = RtLamniMotor("B", name="rty", host="mpc2680.psi.ch", port=3333, socket_cls=SocketMock)
rtx.stage()
# rty.stage()