task: adds systemd-like keyword arguments to task decorator

src/pydase/task/decorator.py

@@ -26,15 +26,25 @@ class PerInstanceTaskDescriptor(Generic[R]):
     the service class.
     """
 
-    def __init__(
+    def __init__(  # noqa: PLR0913
         self,
         func: Callable[[Any], Coroutine[None, None, R]]
         | Callable[[], Coroutine[None, None, R]],
         autostart: bool = False,
+        restart_on_failure: bool = False,
+        restart_sec: float = 1.0,
+        start_limit_interval_sec: float | None = None,
+        start_limit_burst: int = 3,
+        timeout_start_sec: float = 0.0,
     ) -> None:
         self.__func = func
         self.__autostart = autostart
         self.__task_instances: dict[object, Task[R]] = {}
+        self.__restart_on_failure = restart_on_failure
+        self.__restart_sec = restart_sec
+        self.__start_limit_interval_sec = start_limit_interval_sec
+        self.__start_limit_burst = start_limit_burst
+        self.__timeout_start_sec = timeout_start_sec
 
     def __set_name__(self, owner: type[DataService], name: str) -> None:
         """Stores the name of the task within the owning class. This method is called
@@ -67,14 +77,28 @@ class PerInstanceTaskDescriptor(Generic[R]):
         if instance not in self.__task_instances:
             self.__task_instances[instance] = instance._initialise_new_objects(
                 self.__task_name,
-                Task(self.__func.__get__(instance, owner), autostart=self.__autostart),
+                Task(
+                    self.__func.__get__(instance, owner),
+                    autostart=self.__autostart,
+                    restart_on_failure=self.__restart_on_failure,
+                    restart_sec=self.__restart_sec,
+                    start_limit_interval_sec=self.__start_limit_interval_sec,
+                    start_limit_burst=self.__start_limit_burst,
+                    timeout_start_sec=self.__timeout_start_sec,
+                ),
             )
 
         return self.__task_instances[instance]
 
 
-def task(
+def task(  # noqa: PLR0913
-    *, autostart: bool = False
+    *,
+    autostart: bool = False,
+    restart_on_failure: bool = False,
+    restart_sec: float = 1.0,
+    start_limit_interval_sec: float | None = None,
+    start_limit_burst: int = 3,
+    timeout_start_sec: float = 0.0,
 ) -> Callable[
     [
         Callable[[Any], Coroutine[None, None, R]]
@@ -96,13 +120,29 @@ def task(
     periodically or perform asynchronous operations, such as polling data sources,
     updating databases, or any recurring job that should be managed within the context
     of a `DataService`.
-    time.
+
+    The keyword arguments that can be passed to this decorator are inspired by systemd
+    unit services.
 
     Args:
         autostart:
             If set to True, the task will automatically start when the service is
             initialized. Defaults to False.
-
+        restart_on_failure:
+            Configures whether the task shall be restarted when it exits with an
+            exception other than [`asyncio.CancelledError`][asyncio.CancelledError].
+        restart_sec:
+            Configures the time to sleep before restarting a task. Defaults to 1.0.
+        start_limit_interval_sec:
+            Configures start rate limiting. Tasks which are started more than
+            `start_limit_burst` times within an `start_limit_interval_sec` time span are
+            not permitted to start any more. Defaults to None (disabled rate limiting).
+        start_limit_burst:
+            Configures unit start rate limiting. Tasks which are started more than
+            `start_limit_burst` times within an `start_limit_interval_sec` time span are
+            not permitted to start any more. Defaults to 3.
+        timeout_start_sec:
+            Configures the time to wait for start-up. Defaults to 0.0.
     Returns:
         A decorator that wraps an asynchronous function in a
         [`PerInstanceTaskDescriptor`][pydase.task.decorator.PerInstanceTaskDescriptor]
@@ -140,6 +180,14 @@ def task(
         func: Callable[[Any], Coroutine[None, None, R]]
         | Callable[[], Coroutine[None, None, R]],
     ) -> PerInstanceTaskDescriptor[R]:
-        return PerInstanceTaskDescriptor(func, autostart=autostart)
+        return PerInstanceTaskDescriptor(
+            func,
+            autostart=autostart,
+            restart_on_failure=restart_on_failure,
+            restart_sec=restart_sec,
+            start_limit_interval_sec=start_limit_interval_sec,
+            start_limit_burst=start_limit_burst,
+            timeout_start_sec=timeout_start_sec,
+        )
 
     return decorator

src/pydase/task/task.py

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import asyncio
 import inspect
 import logging
 from collections.abc import Callable, Coroutine
+from datetime import datetime
+from time import time
 from typing import (
     Generic,
     TypeVar,
@@ -28,6 +30,9 @@ class Task(pydase.data_service.data_service.DataService, Generic[R]):
     decorator, it is replaced by a `Task` instance that controls the execution of the
     original function.
 
+    The keyword arguments that can be passed to this class are inspired by systemd unit
+    services.
+
     Args:
         func:
             The asynchronous function that this task wraps. It must be a coroutine
@@ -35,6 +40,21 @@ class Task(pydase.data_service.data_service.DataService, Generic[R]):
         autostart:
             If set to True, the task will automatically start when the service is
             initialized. Defaults to False.
+        restart_on_failure:
+            Configures whether the task shall be restarted when it exits with an
+            exception other than [`asyncio.CancelledError`][asyncio.CancelledError].
+        restart_sec:
+            Configures the time to sleep before restarting a task. Defaults to 1.0.
+        start_limit_interval_sec:
+            Configures start rate limiting. Tasks which are started more than
+            `start_limit_burst` times within an `start_limit_interval_sec` time span are
+            not permitted to start any more. Defaults to None (disabled rate limiting).
+        start_limit_burst:
+            Configures unit start rate limiting. Tasks which are started more than
+            `start_limit_burst` times within an `start_limit_interval_sec` time span are
+            not permitted to start any more. Defaults to 3.
+        timeout_start_sec:
+            Configures the time to wait for start-up. Defaults to 0.0.
 
     Example:
         ```python
@@ -63,14 +83,24 @@ class Task(pydase.data_service.data_service.DataService, Generic[R]):
         `service.my_task.start()` and `service.my_task.stop()`, respectively.
     """
 
-    def __init__(
+    def __init__(  # noqa: PLR0913
         self,
         func: Callable[[], Coroutine[None, None, R | None]],
         *,
         autostart: bool = False,
+        restart_on_failure: bool = False,
+        restart_sec: float = 1.0,
+        start_limit_interval_sec: float | None = None,
+        start_limit_burst: int = 3,
+        timeout_start_sec: float = 0.0,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__()
         self._autostart = autostart
+        self._restart_on_failure = restart_on_failure
+        self._restart_sec = restart_sec
+        self._start_limit_interval_sec = start_limit_interval_sec
+        self._start_limit_burst = start_limit_burst
+        self._timeout_start_sec = timeout_start_sec
         self._func_name = func.__name__
         self._func = func
         self._task: asyncio.Task[R | None] | None = None
@@ -109,27 +139,66 @@ class Task(pydase.data_service.data_service.DataService, Generic[R]):
             self._task = None
             self._status = TaskStatus.NOT_RUNNING
 
-            exception = task.exception()
+            try:
-            if exception is not None:
+                task.exception()
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                pass
+            except Exception as e:
                 logger.exception(
                     "Task '%s' encountered an exception: %s: %s",
                     self._func_name,
-                    type(exception).__name__,
+                    type(e).__name__,
-                    exception,
+                    e,
                 )
-                raise exception
+                raise e
-
+            else:
                 self._result = task.result()
 
         async def run_task() -> R | None:
             if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(self._func):
                 logger.info("Starting task %r", self._func_name)
                 self._status = TaskStatus.RUNNING
+                attempts = 0
+                start_time = None
+
+                if self._timeout_start_sec:
+                    # Wait for timeout_start_sec seconds
+                    await asyncio.sleep(self._timeout_start_sec)
+
+                while True:
                     res: Coroutine[None, None, R | None] = self._func()
+
                     try:
-                    return await res
+                        await res
                     except asyncio.CancelledError:
                         logger.info("Task '%s' was cancelled", self._func_name)
+                        raise
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        if start_time is None:
+                            start_time = time()
+
+                        attempts += 1
+                        logger.exception(
+                            "Task %r encountered an exception: %r [attempt %s since %s].",
+                            self._func.__name__,
+                            e,
+                            attempts,
+                            datetime.fromtimestamp(start_time),
+                        )
+                        if not self._restart_on_failure:
+                            break
+                        if self._start_limit_interval_sec is not None:
+                            if (time() - start_time) > self._start_limit_interval_sec:
+                                # reset attempts if start_limit_interval_sec is exceeded
+                                start_time = time()
+                                attempts = 1
+                            elif attempts > self._start_limit_burst:
+                                logger.error(
+                                    "Task %r exceeded restart burst limit. Stopping.",
+                                    self._func.__name__,
+                                )
+                                break
+                        await asyncio.sleep(self._restart_sec)
                 return None
             logger.warning(
                 "Cannot start task %r. Function has not been bound yet", self._func_name